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class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Switzerland" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Switzerland"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.6</span> <span>Switzerland</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Switzerland-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-United_Kingdom" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#United_Kingdom"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.7</span> <span>United Kingdom</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-United_Kingdom-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Portugal" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Portugal"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.8</span> <span>Portugal</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Portugal-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Americas" class="vector-toc-list-item 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vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#New_Zealand"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>New Zealand</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-New_Zealand-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Table" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Table"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Table</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Table-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Return_migration" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Return_migration"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Return migration</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Return_migration-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_people" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 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mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Albanian diaspora</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Di%C3%A1spora_albanesa" title="Diáspora albanesa – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Diáspora albanesa" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diaspora_albanese" title="Diaspora albanese – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Diaspora albanese" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%ABrgata_shqiptare" title="Mërgata shqiptare – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Mërgata shqiptare" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Албанска дијаспора – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Албанска дијаспора" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albanska_diasporan" title="Albanska diasporan – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Albanska diasporan" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arnavut_diasporas%C4%B1" title="Arnavut diasporası – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Arnavut diasporası" 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<div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">People of Albanian descent living outside Albania</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol 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.sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle" style="padding-top:0.4em;">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Albanian_people" title="Category:Albanian people">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="font-size:175%; line-height:1.0em; padding-bottom:0.4em;"><a href="/wiki/Albanians" title="Albanians">Albanians</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image" style="border:none; padding:0.6em 0.4em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_Albania.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Coat_of_arms_of_Albania.svg/100px-Coat_of_arms_of_Albania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Coat_of_arms_of_Albania.svg/150px-Coat_of_arms_of_Albania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Coat_of_arms_of_Albania.svg/200px-Coat_of_arms_of_Albania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="251" data-file-height="383" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="padding:0.2em 0.4em 0; border-top:1px solid #aaa;"> <div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold; background:none;text-align:center;line-height:1.5em;"><div style="margin: 0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Albanians#Distribution" title="Albanians">Geographical distribution</a></div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0; font-weight:normal; text-align: center;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <b>Native</b> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Albania" title="Albania">Albania</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Kosovo" title="Kosovo">Kosovo</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanians_in_Croatia" class="mw-redirect" title="Albanians in Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arvanites" title="Arvanites">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arb%C3%ABresh%C3%AB_people" title="Arbëreshë people">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanians_in_Montenegro" title="Albanians in Montenegro">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanians_in_North_Macedonia" title="Albanians in North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanians_in_Serbia" title="Albanians in Serbia">Serbia</a></li></ul> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <b>Diaspora</b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albanians_in_Greece" title="Albanians in Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanians_in_Italy" title="Albanians in Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanians_in_Australia" class="mw-redirect" title="Albanians in Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanians_in_Bulgaria" title="Albanians in Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanians_in_Denmark" class="mw-redirect" title="Albanians in Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanians_in_Egypt" title="Albanians in Egypt">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanians_in_Finland" class="mw-redirect" title="Albanians in Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanians_in_Germany" title="Albanians in Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanians_in_Norway" class="mw-redirect" title="Albanians in Norway">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanians_in_Romania" title="Albanians in Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanians_in_South_America" title="Albanians in South America">South America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanians_in_Spain" title="Albanians in Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanians_in_Sweden" class="mw-redirect" title="Albanians in Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanians_in_Switzerland" title="Albanians in Switzerland">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanians_in_Turkey" title="Albanians in Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanians_in_Ukraine" title="Albanians in Ukraine">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanians_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Albanians in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanians_in_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Albanians in the United States">United States</a></li></ul> </li></ul> </div></th></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="padding:0.2em 0.4em 0; border-top:1px solid #aaa;"> <div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold; background:none;text-align:center;line-height:1.5em;"><div style="margin: 0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Albanian_culture" class="mw-redirect" title="Albanian culture">Albanian culture</a></div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0; font-weight:normal; text-align: center;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/Albanian_architecture" class="mw-redirect" title="Albanian architecture">Architecture</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/Albanian_art" title="Albanian art">Art</a> (<a href="/wiki/Albanian_traditional_tattooing" title="Albanian traditional tattooing">Traditional tattooing</a>) </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/Besa_(Albanian_culture)" title="Besa (Albanian culture)">Besa</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/Albanian_cuisine" title="Albanian cuisine">Cuisine</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/Kanun_(Albania)" title="Kanun (Albania)">Customary law</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/Albanian_dance" class="mw-redirect" title="Albanian dance">Dance</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/Albanian_dress" class="mw-redirect" title="Albanian dress">Dress</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/Albanian_epic_poetry" title="Albanian epic poetry">Epic poetry</a> (<a href="/wiki/K%C3%A2ng%C3%AB_Kreshnik%C3%ABsh" title="Kângë Kreshnikësh">Kângë Kreshnikësh</a>) </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/Albanian_folklore" title="Albanian folklore">Folklore</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/Gjakmarrje" class="mw-redirect" title="Gjakmarrje">Gjakmarrje</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/Vajtim" class="mw-redirect" title="Vajtim">Gjamë/Vajtim</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/Albanian_literature" title="Albanian literature">Literature</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/Albanian_music" class="mw-redirect" title="Albanian music">Music</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/Oda_(Albania)" title="Oda (Albania)">Oda</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/Albanian_paganism" title="Albanian paganism">Paganism</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/National_symbols_of_Albania" title="National symbols of Albania">Symbols</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/Traditions_of_Albania" title="Traditions of Albania">Traditions</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/Albanian_tribes" title="Albanian tribes">Tribes (<i>farefisní</i>)</a> </li></ul> </div></th></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="padding:0.2em 0.4em 0; border-top:1px solid #aaa;"> <div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold; background:none;text-align:center;line-height:1.5em;"><div style="margin: 0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Albanian_language" title="Albanian language">Albanian language</a></div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0; font-weight:normal; text-align: center;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/Gheg_Albanian" title="Gheg Albanian">Gheg</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arbanasi_dialect" title="Arbanasi dialect">Arbanasi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upper_Reka_Albanian_dialect" class="mw-redirect" title="Upper Reka Albanian dialect">Upper Reka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Istrian_Albanian" title="Istrian Albanian">Istrian</a></li></ul> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/Tosk_Albanian" title="Tosk Albanian">Tosk</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arb%C3%ABresh_language" title="Arbëresh language">Arbëresh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arvanitika_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arvanitika language">Arvanitika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cham_Albanian_dialect" title="Cham Albanian dialect">Cham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lab_Albanian_dialect" title="Lab Albanian dialect">Lab</a></li></ul> </li></ul> </div></th></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="padding:0.2em 0.4em 0; border-top:1px solid #aaa;"> <div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold; background:none;text-align:center;line-height:1.5em;"><div style="margin: 0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Albanians#Religion" title="Albanians">Religion</a></div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0; font-weight:normal; text-align: center;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/Christianity_in_Albania" title="Christianity in Albania">Christianity</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Catholicism_in_Albania" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholicism in Albania">Catholicism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italo-Albanian_Catholic_Church" title="Italo-Albanian Catholic Church">Italo-Albanian Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_Greek_Catholic_Church" title="Albanian Greek Catholic Church">Albanian Greek-Catholic Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orthodoxy_in_Albania" class="mw-redirect" title="Orthodoxy in Albania">Orthodoxy</a></li></ul> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Albania" title="Islam in Albania">Islam</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sunnism" class="mw-redirect" title="Sunnism">Sunnism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bektashism" title="Bektashism">Bektashism</a></li></ul> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/Judaism_in_Albania" class="mw-redirect" title="Judaism in Albania">Judaism</a> </li></ul> </div> <hr /></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below hlist" style="border-top:none; border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Albania" title="History of Albania">History of Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Origin_of_the_Albanians" title="Origin of the Albanians">Origin of the Albanians</a></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar" style="padding-top:0;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Albanians" title="Template:Albanians"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Albanians" title="Template talk:Albanians"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Albanians" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Albanians"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p> The <b>Albanian diaspora</b> (<a href="/wiki/Albanian_language" title="Albanian language">Albanian</a>: <i lang="sq">Mërgata Shqiptare or Diaspora Shqiptare</i>) are the <a href="/wiki/Ethnic_Albanians" class="mw-redirect" title="Ethnic Albanians">ethnic Albanians</a> and their <a href="/wiki/Kinship" title="Kinship">descendants</a> living outside of <a href="/wiki/Albania" title="Albania">Albania</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kosovo" title="Kosovo">Kosovo</a>, southeastern <a href="/wiki/Montenegro" title="Montenegro">Montenegro</a>, western <a href="/wiki/North_Macedonia" title="North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a>, southeastern <a href="/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia">Serbia</a>, northwestern <a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a> and <a href="/wiki/Southern_Italy" title="Southern Italy">Southern Italy</a>. </p><p>The largest communities of the Albanian diaspora are particularly found in <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina">Argentina</a>, <a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a>, <a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a>, <a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia">Croatia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a>, <a href="/wiki/Scandinavia" title="Scandinavia">Scandinavia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a>, <a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Switzerland</a> and the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>. Other important and increasing communities are located in <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazil</a>, <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a>, <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a>, <a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a>. The Albanian diaspora is large and continues to grow, with Albanians now present in significant numbers in numerous countries. </p><p>The phenomenon of <a href="/wiki/Human_migration" title="Human migration">migration</a> from Albania is recorded since the early <a href="/wiki/Middle_Ages" title="Middle Ages">Middle Ages</a>, when numerous Albanians immigrated to southern Italy and Greece to escape various socio-political difficulties and the Ottoman conquest. The modern Albanian diaspora has been largely formed since 1991, following the end of <a href="/wiki/Fall_of_communism_in_Albania" title="Fall of communism in Albania">communism</a> in Albania. Over 800,000 Albanians have left the country, mostly settling in Greece and Italy either permanently or as temporary workforce.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In regard to the <a href="/wiki/Kosovan_diaspora" class="mw-redirect" title="Kosovan diaspora">Kosovo-Albanian diaspora</a>, more than one million Albanians have left Kosovo since the late 1980s permanently, excluding those fleeing the <a href="/wiki/Kosovo_War" title="Kosovo War">Kosovo War</a>, who have subsequently returned.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Further, important destinations for emigrating Albanians from Kosovo have been mostly <a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Switzerland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Nordic_countries" title="Nordic countries">Nordic countries</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Albanian diaspora constitutes one of Europe's largest contemporary diasporas, with emigration constantly growing.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Those of Albanian descent may choose to self-identify as Albanian, adopt hybrid identities or opt to not identify with their Albanian ancestry.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many contemporary Albanians who belong to the diaspora opt to declare their ethnicity as their nationality, as seen in census underreporting of ethnic Albanians primarily in North America, South America and Oceania. Due to the Albanian diaspora being large, old and complex, many Albanians abroad have intermarried, assimilated or formed transnational identities and communities.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These reasons, among others, serve as obstacles to identifying the true extent of the Albanian diaspora and population totals. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Albanian_diaspora&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Map_of_the_Albanian_Diaspora_in_the_World.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Map_of_the_Albanian_Diaspora_in_the_World.svg/260px-Map_of_the_Albanian_Diaspora_in_the_World.svg.png" decoding="async" width="260" height="117" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Map_of_the_Albanian_Diaspora_in_the_World.svg/390px-Map_of_the_Albanian_Diaspora_in_the_World.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Map_of_the_Albanian_Diaspora_in_the_World.svg/520px-Map_of_the_Albanian_Diaspora_in_the_World.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="230" /></a><figcaption>Distribution of ethnic <a href="/wiki/Albanian_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Albanian people">Albanians</a> in the world.<br /> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#000000; color:white;"> </span> Albania and Kosovo</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#440000; color:white;"> </span> + 1,000,000</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#8e0000; color:white;"> </span> + 100,000</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#ff0000; color:black;"> </span> + 10,000</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#ed9d9d; color:black;"> </span> + 1,000</div></figcaption></figure> <p>In Albania, emigration dates back to the 15th century, when many Albanians emigrated to <a href="/wiki/Calabria" title="Calabria">Calabria</a> in Southern Italy and Greece after the defeat of the country by Ottoman forces. Other popular destinations were <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a>, and later the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> and <a href="/wiki/South_America" title="South America">South America</a>. Following the communist take over after <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, emigration was outlawed and violations severely punished. At the same time, Albanian birth rates in both Albania and Kosovo were among the highest in Europe (see <a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Albania" title="Demographics of Albania">Demographics of Albania</a> and <a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Kosovo" title="Demographics of Kosovo">Kosovo</a>), and the economies were among the weakest (especially under the <a href="/wiki/Enver_Hoxha" title="Enver Hoxha">Hoxha regime</a>), leading to a huge young population in both regions and a consequently huge demand for emigration once the borders were opened in the 1990s. Two major emigration waves in the 1990s were: </p> <ul><li>The <a href="/wiki/Albanians" title="Albanians">Albanian</a> population in <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a> was created in three large waves of emigration in different period times. The first one was the deportation of Albanians from <a href="/wiki/Kosovo" title="Kosovo">Kosovo</a> in 1910, when 120,000 thousand Albanians were deported to Turkey by the <a href="/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia">Serbian</a> authority. The second one was in 1926-1938, when about 400,000 emigrated to Turkey. The last one was after <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, in 1953-1966, when nearly 400,000 were forced to emigrate to Turkey from Kosovo.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Post-1990 wave after the collapse of communism in Albania in the form of break-ins at foreign embassies and departures by ship, esp. to Italy.</li> <li>Post-1997 wave following the <a href="/wiki/1997_unrest_in_Albania" class="mw-redirect" title="1997 unrest in Albania">1997 unrest in Albania</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Kosovo_War" title="Kosovo War">Kosovo War</a> (1998–99).</li></ul> <p>The preference for Italy, Greece and Western European countries during the first waves of emigration has given way to Canada and the United States due to stricter European immigration laws. </p><p>The rate of emigration has gradually decreased during the later 2000s, with a sudden increase in 2014-15.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Impact">Impact</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Albanian_diaspora&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Impact"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The willingness of Albanians to emigrate has had a cultural impact which has not affected their sense of national identity. Among ethnic Albanians in Kosovo, Montenegro, North Macedonia, and Greece, Albanian and old Turkish names still are quite common. In Albania proper, religious names were not allowed during communism, and were barely given since the fall of the Communist dictatorship and the opening of the borders. Instead, <a href="/wiki/Italian_name" title="Italian name">Italian</a> and English or <a href="/wiki/Christianity_in_Albania" title="Christianity in Albania">Christian</a> names, became quite common.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many Albanian migrants also convert from <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a> to <a href="/wiki/Christianity_in_Albania" title="Christianity in Albania">Christianity</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After migration to Greece, due to the <a href="/wiki/Anti-Albanian_sentiment#Greece" title="Anti-Albanian sentiment">discriminatory</a> policies of the Greek government they are forced to get baptized and change their <a href="/wiki/Albanian_name" title="Albanian name">Albanian names</a> in their passport to Christian ones.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In Albania, it is also estimated that emigrant <a href="/wiki/Remittances" class="mw-redirect" title="Remittances">remittances</a> account for 18% of GDP or $530 million annually, though declining in the late 2000s.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Those who have come back have opened micro-enterprises, while the proximity of Greece and Italy to Albania, where more than half of immigrants are located has contributed to continuous labor mobility.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Recently, during the <a href="/wiki/Greek_financial_crisis" class="mw-redirect" title="Greek financial crisis">Greek financial crisis</a>, many Albanian emigrants have returned either temporarily or permanently to Albania.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The mass emigration of the 1990s to early 2000s has resulted in massive <a href="/wiki/Brain_drain" class="mw-redirect" title="Brain drain">brain drain</a> to Albania. In the period 1990–2003, an estimated 45% of Albania's academics emigrated, as did more than 65% of the scholars who received PhDs in the West in the period 1980–1990.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2006, a "brain gain" program compiled by Albanian authorities and the <a href="/wiki/UNDP" class="mw-redirect" title="UNDP">UNDP</a> was put into action to encourage the skilled diaspora to contribute to the country's development, though its success remains to be seen. </p><p>On 26 November 2019, <a href="/wiki/2019_Albania_earthquake" title="2019 Albania earthquake">an earthquake struck Albania</a>. Around the world, the Albanian diaspora (from Albania and other parts of the Balkans) expressed its solidarity<sup id="cite_ref-Koleka_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Koleka-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and held multiple fundraisers to send money to Albania and assist people impacted by the earthquake, raising millions.<sup id="cite_ref-MeroAgolliSulo_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MeroAgolliSulo-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-GazetaImpaktmil_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GazetaImpaktmil-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Kostreci_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kostreci-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Global pop stars with an Albanian background also appealed to fans for support and donations to the relief effort.<sup id="cite_ref-DeutscheWellealb_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DeutscheWellealb-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-AlJazeerapop_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AlJazeerapop-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Members of the Albanian diaspora created the first IPTV platform in the US and later in Europe, designed to deliver their national video content to Albanians living in the US and other countries.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Europe">Europe</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Albanian_diaspora&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Europe"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Kosovan_diaspora" class="mw-redirect" title="Kosovan diaspora">Kosovan diaspora</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Albanian_diaspora&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Bulgaria"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Mandritsa" title="Mandritsa">Mandritsa</a></div> <p>In 1636, the <a href="/wiki/Mandritsa" title="Mandritsa">Mandritsa</a>, a typical village in Bulgaria, was found by Eastern Orthodox Albanian dairymen who supplied the Ottoman Army. They were allowed to pick a tract of land and were freed from taxes. In the 2001 census of Bulgaria, it was estimated that 278 Albanians live in the country. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Greece">Greece</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Albanian_diaspora&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Greece"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Albanians_in_Greece" title="Albanians in Greece">Albanians in Greece</a> and <a href="/wiki/Arvanites" title="Arvanites">Arvanites</a></div> <p>After the fall of communism throughout Eastern Europe in the late 1980s and early 1990s, a large number of economic refugees and immigrants from Greece's neighbouring countries, Albania, <a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a>, <a href="/wiki/North_Macedonia" title="North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a>, as well as from more distant countries such as <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia">Armenia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Georgia_(country)" title="Georgia (country)">Georgia</a>, arrived in Greece, mostly as illegal immigrants, to seek employment. The vast majority of the Albanians in Greece is estimated to be between 65–70% of the total number of immigrants in the country. According to the 2001 census, there are 443,550 holders of Albanian citizenship in Greece, with the total of Albanian immigrants in Greece numbering well over 650,000.<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Albanians in Greece are by far the most integrated, legal and settled community: Even before emigration, southern Albanians, primarily Orthodox Albanians were pressured to adopt assimilationist policies when moving to Greece. These included Hellenisation of their names, and adoption of new hybrid identities.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Italy">Italy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Albanian_diaspora&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Italy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Arb%C3%ABresh%C3%AB_people" title="Arbëreshë people">Arbëreshë people</a> and <a href="/wiki/Albanians_in_Italy" title="Albanians in Italy">Albanians in Italy</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Campo_Marzio_-_S._Atanasio.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Campo_Marzio_-_S._Atanasio.JPG/130px-Campo_Marzio_-_S._Atanasio.JPG" decoding="async" width="130" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Campo_Marzio_-_S._Atanasio.JPG/195px-Campo_Marzio_-_S._Atanasio.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Campo_Marzio_-_S._Atanasio.JPG/260px-Campo_Marzio_-_S._Atanasio.JPG 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="1067" /></a><figcaption>Church of <a href="/wiki/Sant%27Atanasio" title="Sant'Atanasio">Sant'Atanasio</a> in Rome (1583), established for the training of the Italian-Albanian clergy of Greek rite</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:La_Cattedrale_di_Lungro_costruita_nel_1721.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/La_Cattedrale_di_Lungro_costruita_nel_1721.jpeg/130px-La_Cattedrale_di_Lungro_costruita_nel_1721.jpeg" decoding="async" width="130" height="98" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/La_Cattedrale_di_Lungro_costruita_nel_1721.jpeg/195px-La_Cattedrale_di_Lungro_costruita_nel_1721.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/La_Cattedrale_di_Lungro_costruita_nel_1721.jpeg/260px-La_Cattedrale_di_Lungro_costruita_nel_1721.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="375" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/St._Nicholas_of_Myra_Cathedral,_Lungro" title="St. Nicholas of Myra Cathedral, Lungro">Cathedral of Lungro</a> in an <a href="/wiki/Arb%C3%ABresh%C3%AB_people" title="Arbëreshë people">Arbëreshë</a> town in Calabria</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Klisha_e_Sh%C3%ABn_Mitrit_D%C3%ABshmor.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Klisha_e_Sh%C3%ABn_Mitrit_D%C3%ABshmor.jpg/130px-Klisha_e_Sh%C3%ABn_Mitrit_D%C3%ABshmor.jpg" decoding="async" width="130" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Klisha_e_Sh%C3%ABn_Mitrit_D%C3%ABshmor.jpg/195px-Klisha_e_Sh%C3%ABn_Mitrit_D%C3%ABshmor.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Klisha_e_Sh%C3%ABn_Mitrit_D%C3%ABshmor.jpg/260px-Klisha_e_Sh%C3%ABn_Mitrit_D%C3%ABshmor.jpg 2x" data-file-width="375" data-file-height="500" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Piana_degli_Albanesi_Cathedral" title="Piana degli Albanesi Cathedral">Piana degli Albanesi Cathedral</a> in an <a href="/wiki/Arb%C3%ABresh%C3%AB_people" title="Arbëreshë people">Arbëreshë</a> town in Sicily</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Grottaferrata-abbazia01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Grottaferrata-abbazia01.jpg/130px-Grottaferrata-abbazia01.jpg" decoding="async" width="130" height="98" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Grottaferrata-abbazia01.jpg/195px-Grottaferrata-abbazia01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Grottaferrata-abbazia01.jpg/260px-Grottaferrata-abbazia01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="375" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Territorial_Abbacy_of_Santa_Maria_of_Grottaferrata" class="mw-redirect" title="Territorial Abbacy of Santa Maria of Grottaferrata">Abbacy of Grottaferrata</a>, with <a href="/wiki/Basilian_monks" title="Basilian monks">Basilian monks</a> from the Italo-Albanian communities, in Rome</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Albani_family" title="Albani family">Albani</a> were an <a href="/wiki/Aristocracy" title="Aristocracy">aristocratic</a> <a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Roman</a> family, members of which attained the highest dignities in the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic Church">Roman Catholic Church</a>, one, <a href="/wiki/Clement_XI" class="mw-redirect" title="Clement XI">Clement XI</a>, having been <a href="/wiki/Pope" title="Pope">Pope</a>. They were ethnic <a href="/wiki/Albanians" title="Albanians">Albanians</a> who originally moved to <a href="/wiki/Urbino" title="Urbino">Urbino</a> from the region of <a href="/wiki/Mal%C3%ABsi_e_Madhe" title="Malësi e Madhe">Malësi e Madhe</a> in <a href="/wiki/Albania" title="Albania">Albania</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and had been soldiers of <a href="/wiki/Scanderbeg" class="mw-redirect" title="Scanderbeg">Skanderbeg</a> against the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a>. Though eventually assimilated in their Italian environment, Clement XI's Albanian antecedents were evident in his having commissioned, during his reign as a Pope, the famous <i><a href="/wiki/Illyricum_Sacrum" class="mw-redirect" title="Illyricum Sacrum">Illyricum Sacrum</a></i>. Today it is one of the main sources of the field of <a href="/wiki/Albanology" title="Albanology">Albanology</a>, with over 5000 pages divided in several volumes written by <a href="/wiki/Daniele_Farlati" title="Daniele Farlati">Daniele Farlati</a> and Dom. Coletti. </p><p>There is an Albanian community in southern Italy, known as <a href="/wiki/Arb%C3%ABresh%C3%AB_people" title="Arbëreshë people">Arbëreshë</a>, who had settled in the country in the 15th and the 16th century, displaced by the changes brought about by the <a href="/wiki/Expansion_of_the_Ottoman_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Expansion of the Ottoman Empire">expansion of the Ottoman Empire</a>. Some managed to escape and were offered refuge from the repression by the Kingdom of <a href="/wiki/Naples" title="Naples">Naples</a> and Kingdom of <a href="/wiki/Sicily" title="Sicily">Sicily</a> (both under Aragonese rule), where the Arbëreshë were given their own villages and protected.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Arbëreshë were estimated as numbering 250 000 in 1976.<sup id="cite_ref-ethnologue1976_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ethnologue1976-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Italian statistics place them much lower at 100,000.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After the breakdown of the communist regime in Albania in 1990, Italy had been the main immigration target for Albanians leaving their country. </p><p>This was because Italy had been a symbol of the West for many Albanians during the communist period, because of its geographic proximity. Italy reacted to the migration pressure by introducing the "<a href="/wiki/Claudio_Martelli" title="Claudio Martelli">Martelli</a>" law, stipulating that any immigrant who could prove that he or she had come into the country before the end of 1989 be granted a two-year residency permit. From March 1997, Italy instituted a strict patrol of the Adriatic in an attempt to curb Albanian immigration. As a result, many Albanian immigrants in Italy do not have a legal status. Out of an estimated 450,000 Albanian immigrants in Italy in 1998, only some 82,000 were registered with authorities. In total there are 800,000 Albanians in Italy.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Italian Government has housed significant numbers of Albanians from Kosovo in the Arbëresh settlements, most notably in the zone of <a href="/wiki/Lungro" title="Lungro">Lungro</a> in <a href="/wiki/Calabria" title="Calabria">Calabria</a> and <a href="/wiki/Piana_degli_Albanesi" title="Piana degli Albanesi">Piana degli Albanesi</a> in Sicily. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Turkey">Turkey</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Albanian_diaspora&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Turkey"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Albanians_in_Turkey" title="Albanians in Turkey">Albanians in Turkey</a></div> <p>Turkey has about six million citizens of full or partial Albanian descent,<sup id="cite_ref-Deliso2007_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Deliso2007-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and most still feel a connection to Albania. There is also a strong Turkish minority in Kosovo. </p><p>Albania was the last nation in southeastern Europe to claim independence from the Ottoman Empire, on 28 November 1912. </p><p>Many Albanians emigrated to Turkey between 1950 and 1970. In that period, <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a> in <a href="/wiki/Yugoslavia" title="Yugoslavia">Yugoslavia</a> was repressed, and both Albanians and Muslim Slavs were encouraged to declare themselves Turkish and emigrate to Turkey. In the 1990s, Turkey received a wave of <a href="/wiki/Kosovo" title="Kosovo">Kosovar</a> refugees, fleeing from <a href="/wiki/Kosovo_war" class="mw-redirect" title="Kosovo war">conflict</a>. Today, the number of ethnic Albanians Turkey has about 5 million citizens of full or partial Albanian descent<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Germany">Germany</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Albanian_diaspora&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Germany"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Albanians_in_Germany" title="Albanians in Germany">Albanians in Germany</a></div> <p>There are an estimated 300,000 Albanians living in <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a>. They mostly migrated to Germany from Kosovo during the 1990s.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2019)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Switzerland">Switzerland</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Albanian_diaspora&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Switzerland"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Albanians_in_Switzerland" title="Albanians in Switzerland">Albanians in Switzerland</a></div> <p>There are an estimated 250,000 ethnic Albanians in Switzerland, most of them from Kosovo, a sizeable minority arriving from North Macedonia.<sup id="cite_ref-The_Albanian_fund-raising_machine_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_Albanian_fund-raising_machine-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Albanians have migrated to Switzerland since the 1960s,<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but bulk of immigration took place during the 1990s, especially during 1998–1999. They account for about 2% of total Swiss population, making them the third largest immigrant community in Switzerland, after the Italian and German ones. The <a href="/wiki/Albanian_language" title="Albanian language">Albanian language</a> is the second largest <a href="/wiki/Immigrant_languages_in_Switzerland" class="mw-redirect" title="Immigrant languages in Switzerland">immigrant language spoken in Switzerland</a>, following <a href="/wiki/Serbo-Croatian" title="Serbo-Croatian">Serbo-Croatian</a>. About 40,000 have been naturalized as Swiss citizens during the 1990s and 2000s, while an estimated 150,000 remain registered as nationals of either <a href="/wiki/Serbia_and_Montenegro" title="Serbia and Montenegro">Serbia and Montenegro</a> (carrying passports issued during the existence of that country, 1992–2006), the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Kosovo" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of Kosovo">Republic of Kosovo</a> (34,000 Kosovar passports registered with the Swiss authority by August 2010), North Macedonia, or Albania. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="United_Kingdom">United Kingdom</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Albanian_diaspora&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: United Kingdom"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Albanians_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Albanians in the United Kingdom">Albanians in the United Kingdom</a></div> <p>The history of Albanians in Britain began in the 16th century with the arrival of mercenary <a href="/wiki/Stratioti" title="Stratioti">stratioti</a> cavalry who served the English king in his wars against the Kingdom of Scotland.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_Census_2021" class="mw-redirect" title="United Kingdom Census 2021">2021 UK Census</a> recorded 67,957 people born in Albania resident in England, with 715 people in Wales, and 142 people in Northern Ireland.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The number of residents of England born in Kosovo was 30,427, with 90 recorded in Wales and 60 in Northern Ireland.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_35-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Albania has one embassy in the UK, located in London.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Portugal">Portugal</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Albanian_diaspora&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Portugal"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Immigration_to_Portugal" title="Immigration to Portugal">Immigration to Portugal</a></div> <p>Neither <a href="/wiki/Albania" title="Albania">Albania</a> nor <a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a> have an embassy in their respective countries. Albania has 3 <a href="/wiki/Honorary_consulate" class="mw-redirect" title="Honorary consulate">honorary consulates</a> in <a href="/wiki/Porto" title="Porto">Porto</a>, <a href="/wiki/Funchal" title="Funchal">Funchal</a> (<a href="/wiki/Madeira" title="Madeira">Madeira</a> island) and <a href="/wiki/Lisbon" title="Lisbon">Lisbon</a>, while Portugal has an <a href="/wiki/Honorary_consulate" class="mw-redirect" title="Honorary consulate">honorary consulate</a> in <a href="/wiki/Tirana" title="Tirana">Tirana</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The history of diplomatic relations of Albania and Portugal dates back to 1922, when Portugal recognized Albania's <a href="/wiki/Declaration_of_independence_of_Albania" class="mw-redirect" title="Declaration of independence of Albania">independence</a> on May 25, 1922. Many Portuguese enterprises are active in Albania.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of 2022 there are an estimated 160 people of recent Albanian immigrant background living in <a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a>, the majority being foreign nationals.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They are highly integrated and around 70 have acquired Portuguese citizenship in 2008-2021.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The most famous Portuguese-Albanian is perhaps former footballer <a href="/wiki/Eduard_Abazi" title="Eduard Abazi">Eduard Abazaj</a>. Albanians mostly migrated to Portugal in recent years and they mainly live in Lisbon.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the last years there have been some problems dealing with drug trafficking,<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> illegal migration (more than 500 people travelling with forged documents detected since 2010),<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Albanian_mafia" title="Albanian mafia">Albanian mafia</a><sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and robberies.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Despite these problems, the vast majority of the Albanians residing in Portugal is well integrated. Moreover, many of those involved in crime aren't even Portuguese residents. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Americas">Americas</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Albanian_diaspora&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Americas"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cathedral_of_St._George_Historic_District_South_Boston_MA.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Cathedral_of_St._George_Historic_District_South_Boston_MA.jpg/220px-Cathedral_of_St._George_Historic_District_South_Boston_MA.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Cathedral_of_St._George_Historic_District_South_Boston_MA.jpg/330px-Cathedral_of_St._George_Historic_District_South_Boston_MA.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Cathedral_of_St._George_Historic_District_South_Boston_MA.jpg/440px-Cathedral_of_St._George_Historic_District_South_Boston_MA.jpg 2x" data-file-width="977" data-file-height="1302" /></a><figcaption>The Albanian Orthodox cathedral of St. George in South Boston, MA</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Canada">Canada</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Albanian_diaspora&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Canada"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Albanian_Canadians" class="mw-redirect" title="Albanian Canadians">Albanian Canadians</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Category:Canadian_people_of_Albanian_descent" title="Category:Canadian people of Albanian descent">Canadian people of Albanian descent</a></div> <p>As defined by the <a href="/wiki/Statistics_Canada" title="Statistics Canada">Statistics Canada</a> in 2011, there were 28,270 Canadians claiming an Albanian ancestry.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There have been Albanian settlers in Canada since at least the early 20th century, following internal pre-war revolutionary upheavals. The majority of the Albanian immigrants settled in either <a href="/wiki/Montreal" title="Montreal">Montreal</a> or <a href="/wiki/Toronto" title="Toronto">Toronto</a> but also in <a href="/wiki/Calgary" title="Calgary">Calgary</a> and <a href="/wiki/Peterborough,_Ontario" title="Peterborough, Ontario">Peterborough</a>. </p><p>After the inter-ethnic conflict between ethnic Albanians in Kosovo and Serbian military and police forces, many Albanians left Kosovo as refugees. Some have come to Canada, and in 1999 the Canadian government created a program to offer safe haven to 7000 <a href="/wiki/Kosovar_Albanian" class="mw-redirect" title="Kosovar Albanian">Kosovar Albanian</a> refugees. They continue to appreciate their ethnic heritage and their Albanian national history, even though their ancestors may have left Albania several decades ago. Those Albanians from Albania proper are active in their business and social organisations. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="United_States">United States</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Albanian_diaspora&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: United States"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Albanian_Americans" title="Albanian Americans">Albanian Americans</a></div> <p>Albanians began to settle in the USA in the late 19th-20th centuries from Southern Albania, <a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a>, <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a>, Southern <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kosovo" title="Kosovo">Kosovo</a>, and in the 1990s from <a href="/wiki/Albania" title="Albania">Albania</a>, <a href="/wiki/Montenegro" title="Montenegro">Montenegro</a>, <a href="/wiki/North_Macedonia" title="North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a>, and refugees of war. The largest Albanian American (incl. Kosovar Albanian) populations are in <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a>, <a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a>, <a href="/wiki/Detroit" title="Detroit">Detroit</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jacksonville,_Florida" title="Jacksonville, Florida">Jacksonville</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago">Chicago</a>. Another Albanian American community in <a href="/wiki/Southern_California" title="Southern California">Southern California</a> such as the <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a> area. The <a href="/wiki/Inland_Empire_(California)" class="mw-redirect" title="Inland Empire (California)">Inland Empire</a> (Riverside/San Bernardino) area of California includes Kosovars who entered the United States at the March Joint Air Reserve Base in Riverside. The Albanian-American population is currently 224,000 or 0.04% of the US population. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Oceania">Oceania</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Albanian_diaspora&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Oceania"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Australia">Australia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Albanian_diaspora&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Australia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Albanian_Australians" title="Albanian Australians">Albanian Australians</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Albanian_Mosque_(Carlton_North)_17.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Albanian_Mosque_%28Carlton_North%29_17.jpg/138px-Albanian_Mosque_%28Carlton_North%29_17.jpg" decoding="async" width="138" height="184" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Albanian_Mosque_%28Carlton_North%29_17.jpg/207px-Albanian_Mosque_%28Carlton_North%29_17.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Albanian_Mosque_%28Carlton_North%29_17.jpg/276px-Albanian_Mosque_%28Carlton_North%29_17.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="2560" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Albanian_Mosque,_Carlton_North" title="Albanian Mosque, Carlton North">Melbourne's first mosque</a>, built by the Albanian community</figcaption></figure> <p>The 2016 Australian census counted 4,041 people born in Albania or Kosovo and 15,901 claimed Albanian ancestry, either alone or with another ancestry.<sup id="cite_ref-Community_Information_Summary_Albania-born_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Community_Information_Summary_Albania-born-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Albanians migrated to Australia from southern Albania during the interwar period (early 1920s-late 1930s) mainly from Korçë and its surrounding rural areas.<sup id="cite_ref-Volz19_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Volz19-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Ahmeti44233_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ahmeti44233-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Vullnetari17_56-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Vullnetari17-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They worked in hard labour jobs and farming, settled in northern Western Australia, Queensland and later Shepparton in Victoria were a successful community was established.<sup id="cite_ref-Amath99_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Amath99-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Post-war, refugees mainly from Albania and a few from southern Yugoslavia arrived.<sup id="cite_ref-Jupp166_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jupp166-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Domachowska15_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Domachowska15-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Haveric34_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Haveric34-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the 1960s-1970s, Albanians from southwestern Yugoslavia (modern North Macedonia) arrived and settled in Melbourne's working class and manufacturing suburbs, mainly in Dandenong and others in the western and northern suburbs.<sup id="cite_ref-ImmMuswii_61-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ImmMuswii-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Ahmeti38_62-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ahmeti38-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the aftermath of the Kosovo war (1999), some Kosovo Albanian refugees on temporary asylum were officially allowed to permanently remain in Australia.<sup id="cite_ref-Jupp166167_63-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jupp166167-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Ahmeti39_64-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ahmeti39-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ImmMusrec_65-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ImmMusrec-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the early twenty first century, Dandenong and Shepparton in Victoria are places with the highest concentrations of Albanians.<sup id="cite_ref-Ahmeti4142445556202213232233260263267_66-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ahmeti4142445556202213232233260263267-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are also Albanian communities in Western Australia, South Australia, Queensland, New South Wales and the Northern Territory.<sup id="cite_ref-Haveric27126139144153154159160199_67-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Haveric27126139144153154159160199-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="New_Zealand">New Zealand</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Albanian_diaspora&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: New Zealand"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Albanian_New_Zealanders" title="Albanian New Zealanders">Albanian New Zealanders</a></div> <p>Albanian migration to New Zealand occurred mid twentieth century following the <a href="/wiki/Second_World_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Second World War">Second World War</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Pratt744_68-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pratt744-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Kolig23_69-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kolig23-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Dru7_70-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dru7-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A small group of Albanian refugees originating mainly from Albania and the rest from Yugoslavian Kosovo and Macedonia settled in Auckland.<sup id="cite_ref-Dru7_70-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dru7-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Dru89_71-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dru89-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-AbdSa_72-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AbdSa-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the <a href="/wiki/Kosovo_crisis" class="mw-redirect" title="Kosovo crisis">Kosovo crisis</a> (1999), up to 400 Kosovo Albanian refugees settled in New Zealand.<sup id="cite_ref-Miller653_73-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Miller653-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-DruAbd165_74-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DruAbd165-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-DeMcVe343353_75-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DeMcVe343353-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the twenty first century, Albanian New Zealanders number 400-500 people and are mainly concentrated in <a href="/wiki/Auckland" title="Auckland">Auckland</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Dru718_76-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dru718-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-AbdSa_72-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AbdSa-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Table">Table</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Albanian_diaspora&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Table"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Country </th> <th>Albanian population </th> <th>Percentage </th> <th>Source </th></tr> <tr> <td bgcolor="#BEE9C3" colspan="4" align="center"> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Albania.svg/21px-Flag_of_Albania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Albania.svg/32px-Flag_of_Albania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Albania.svg/42px-Flag_of_Albania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Albania" title="Albania">Albania</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7006291235600000000♠">2,912,356</span> <small>(2011 census)</small> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7001825800728392672♠" style="display:none"></span>82.58% </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Kosovo.svg/21px-Flag_of_Kosovo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Kosovo.svg/32px-Flag_of_Kosovo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Kosovo.svg/42px-Flag_of_Kosovo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="840" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Kosovo" title="Kosovo">Kosovo</a><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1041539562">.mw-parser-output .citation{word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}</style><sup class="citation nobold" id="ref_status"><a href="#endnote_status">[a]</a></sup> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7006161686900000000♠">1,616,869</span> <small>(2011 census, nationality)</small> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7001929328524420559♠" style="display:none"></span>92.93% </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><a href="/wiki/Kosovo_Albanians" title="Kosovo Albanians">Kosovo Albanians</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg/23px-Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg/35px-Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg/46px-Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/North_Macedonia" title="North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7005446245000000000♠">446,245</span> <small>(2021 census)</small> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7001242958480720722♠" style="display:none"></span>24.3% </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><a href="/wiki/Albanians_in_North_Macedonia" title="Albanians in North Macedonia">Albanians in North Macedonia</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/23px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/35px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/45px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7005480824000000000♠">480,824</span> <small>(2011 census, Albanian citizenship, excludes naturalised citizens)</small><sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000444581823151256♠" style="display:none"></span>4.45% </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><a href="/wiki/Albanians_in_Greece" title="Albanians in Greece">Albanians in Greece</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Montenegro.svg/23px-Flag_of_Montenegro.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Montenegro.svg/35px-Flag_of_Montenegro.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Montenegro.svg/46px-Flag_of_Montenegro.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Montenegro" title="Montenegro">Montenegro</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7004304390000000000♠">30,439</span> <small>(2011 census)</small> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000490928650111527♠" style="display:none"></span>4.91% </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><a href="/wiki/Albanians_in_Montenegro" title="Albanians in Montenegro">Albanians in Montenegro</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Serbia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Serbia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Serbia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Serbia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Serbia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Serbia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1350" data-file-height="900" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia">Serbia</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7003580900000000000♠">5,809</span> <small>(2011 census – boycotted)</small> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6998808280442841395♠" style="display:none"></span>0.08% </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><a href="/wiki/Albanians_in_Serbia" title="Albanians in Serbia">Albanians in Serbia</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th align="center">— </th> <th align="center">5,492,542 </th> <th align="center">— </th> <th align="center">— </th></tr> <tr> <td bgcolor="#BEE8C2" colspan="4" align="center"><b>Other countries</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/23px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/35px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/45px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a> </td> <td>300,000 to 3 million Turks are of Albanian origin <small>(2007)</small> </td> <td> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><a href="/wiki/Albanians_in_Turkey" title="Albanians in Turkey">Albanians in Turkey</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7005402546000000000♠">402,546</span> <small>(2015 statistics, Albanian citizenship) to 700,000 Albanian descents from south Albania [with Arbereshe, dual citizens and undocumented]</small> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999833976890127267♠" style="display:none"></span>0.83% <sup id="cite_ref-istat_84-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-istat-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Albanians_in_Italy" title="Albanians in Italy">Albanians in Italy</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a> </td> <td>300,000 <small>(2010)</small> </td> <td> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-albde_85-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-albde-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><a href="/wiki/Albanians_in_Germany" title="Albanians in Germany">Albanians in Germany</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7005172149000000000♠">172,149</span> <small>(2006-2010 <a href="/wiki/American_Community_Survey" title="American Community Survey">ACS</a>)</small> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6998566344302647836♠" style="display:none"></span>0.06% </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><a href="/wiki/Albanian_Americans" title="Albanian Americans">Albanian Americans</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/16px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/24px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/32px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span>  </span><a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Switzerland</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7005188125000000000♠">188,125</span> <small>(2015 statistics)</small> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000272336358601225♠" style="display:none"></span>2.72% </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><a href="/wiki/Albanians_in_switzerland" class="mw-redirect" title="Albanians in switzerland">Albanians in Switzerland</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/23px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/35px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/46px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina">Argentina</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7004400000000000000♠">40,000</span> </td> <td> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7004390550000000000♠">39,055</span> <small>(2011 survey)</small> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999113334086862575♠" style="display:none"></span>0.11% </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><a href="/wiki/Albanians_in_Canada" title="Albanians in Canada">Albanians in Canada</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7004288200000000000♠">28,820</span> <small>(2011 census)</small> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6998456144196645314♠" style="display:none"></span>0.05% </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-uk1_90-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-uk1-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-uk2_91-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-uk2-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-uk3_92-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-uk3-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><a href="/wiki/Albanians_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Albanians in the United Kingdom">Albanians in the United Kingdom</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7004282120000000000♠">28,212</span> <small>(2001 census)</small> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999351204529955834♠" style="display:none"></span>0.35% </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><a href="/wiki/Albanians_in_Austria" title="Albanians in Austria">Albanians in Austria</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7004205310000000000♠">20,531</span> <small>(2011 census)</small> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6998268263198163733♠" style="display:none"></span>0.03% </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="The material near this tag needs to be fact-checked with the cited source(s). (August 2018)">verification needed</span></a></i>]</sup><a href="/wiki/Albanians_in_France" title="Albanians in France">Albanians in France</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia">Croatia</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7004175310000000000♠">17,531</span> <small>(2011 census)</small> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999409135452516973♠" style="display:none"></span>0.41% </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><a href="/wiki/Albanians_of_Croatia" title="Albanians of Croatia">Albanians of Croatia</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7004159010000000000♠">15,901</span> <small>(2016 census)</small> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6998679478518077906♠" style="display:none"></span>0.07% </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><a href="/wiki/Albanian_Australians" title="Albanian Australians">Albanian Australians</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1100" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland">Finland</a> </td> <td>10,990 <small>(2018 statistics, mother tongue)</small> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999199169288276975♠" style="display:none"></span>0.2% </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7003718300000000000♠">7,183</span> <small>(2010 statistics, Albanian/Kosovar citizenship)</small> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6998734289971856136♠" style="display:none"></span>0.07% </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><a href="/wiki/Albanians_in_Belgium" title="Albanians in Belgium">Albanians in Belgium</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Slovenia" title="Slovenia">Slovenia</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7003618600000000000♠">6,186</span> <small>(2002 census)</small> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999314963676836880♠" style="display:none"></span>0.31% </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><a href="/wiki/Albanians_in_Slovenia" title="Albanians in Slovenia">Albanians in Slovenia</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Slovakia" title="Slovakia">Slovakia</a> </td> <td>5,851 <small>(2001)</small> </td> <td> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7003543900000000000♠">5,439</span> <small>(2013 statistics, Albanian/Kosovar citizenship)</small> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6998563927080775840♠" style="display:none"></span>0.06% </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/20px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/31px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/40px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="387" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark">Denmark</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7003359600000000000♠">3,596</span> <small>(2017 statistics, Albanian/Kosovar citizenship)</small> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6998622017266341358♠" style="display:none"></span>0.06% </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-102" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/45px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7003330800000000000♠">3,308</span> <small>(2001 census)</small> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6997682665698112350♠" style="display:none"></span>0.01% </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-ukraine_103-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ukraine-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><a href="/wiki/Albanians_in_Ukraine" title="Albanians in Ukraine">Albanians in Ukraine</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7003256900000000000♠">2,569</span> <small>(2013 census)</small> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999727434385078675♠" style="display:none"></span>0.73% </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-104" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><a href="/wiki/Albanians_in_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Albanians in Bosnia and Herzegovina">Albanians in Bosnia and Herzegovina</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/23px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/35px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/46px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="307" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Luxembourg" title="Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7003214400000000000♠">2,144</span> <small>(2016 statistics, Albanian/Kosovar citizenship)</small> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999372061383186782♠" style="display:none"></span>0.37% </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-105" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7003213300000000000♠">2,133</span> <small>(2011 census, mother tongue)</small> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6998448299865320884♠" style="display:none"></span>0.04% </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-106" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/35px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/45px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a> </td> <td>1,787 </td> <td> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-107" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><a href="/wiki/Albanians_in_Spain" title="Albanians in Spain">Albanians in Spain</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7003163800000000000♠">1,638</span> <small>(2013 statistics, Albanian/Kosovar citizenship)</small> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6997976186822371841♠" style="display:none"></span>0.01% </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-108" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><a href="/wiki/Albanians_in_the_Netherlands" title="Albanians in the Netherlands">Albanians in the Netherlands</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/21px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/32px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/41px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="372" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway">Norway</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7004193530000000000♠">19,353</span> <small>(2020 statistics, Albanian/Kosovar citizenship)</small> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999360233082139955♠" style="display:none"></span>0.36% </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-109" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7002673000000000000♠">673</span> <small>(2011 census)</small> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6997644848494139831♠" style="display:none"></span>0.01% </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-110" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/23px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/35px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/46px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary">Hungary</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7002591000000000000♠">591</span> <small>(2011 census)</small> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6997553787786646086♠" style="display:none"></span>0.01% </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-111" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><a href="/wiki/Albanians_in_Hungary" title="Albanians in Hungary">Albanians in Hungary</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/45px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7002520000000000000♠">520</span> <small>(2002 census)</small> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6997239651425158634♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-112" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><a href="/wiki/Albanians_in_Romania" title="Albanians in Romania">Albanians in Romania</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7002430000000000000♠">430</span> <small>(2011 census)</small> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6997111654020853439♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-113" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7002220000000000000♠">220</span> <small>(2011 census)</small> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6997298727556395010♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-114" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-114"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>114<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><a href="/wiki/Albanians_in_Bulgaria" title="Albanians in Bulgaria">Albanians in Bulgaria</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/23px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/35px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/46px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7002246000000000000♠">246</span> <small>(2013 census)</small> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6997565101794129281♠" style="display:none"></span>0.01% </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-newzealand2013_115-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-newzealand2013-115"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><a href="/wiki/Albanian_New_Zealanders" title="Albanian New Zealanders">Albanian New Zealanders</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/23px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/35px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/45px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7001910000000000000♠">91</span> <small>(foreign citizens only, 2022)</small> </td> <td>0% </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-:0_41-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Moldova.svg/23px-Flag_of_Moldova.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Moldova.svg/35px-Flag_of_Moldova.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Moldova.svg/46px-Flag_of_Moldova.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="900" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Moldova" title="Moldova">Moldova</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7001870000000000000♠">87</span> <small>(2014 census)</small> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6997310182433620067♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-undata_116-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-undata-116"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Latvia" title="Latvia">Latvia</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7001150000000000000♠">15</span> <small>(2019 statistics)</small> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6996718395621426580♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-117" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-117"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/46px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Lithuania" title="Lithuania">Lithuania</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7001140000000000000♠">14</span> <small>(2011 census)</small> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6996460007445549082♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-118" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-118"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>118<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Uzbekistan" title="Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7001160000000000000♠">16</span> <small>(1989 census)</small> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6995807669753126148♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-119" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-119"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>119<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="990" data-file-height="630" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Estonia" title="Estonia">Estonia</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7001120000000000000♠">12</span> <small>(2011 census)</small> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6996927187931721880♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-120" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-120"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>120<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Iceland.svg/21px-Flag_of_Iceland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Iceland.svg/32px-Flag_of_Iceland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Iceland.svg/42px-Flag_of_Iceland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1250" data-file-height="900" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Iceland" title="Iceland">Iceland</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7001120000000000000♠">12</span> <small>(2011 census, Albanian citizenship)</small> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6997380281154533585♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-121" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-121"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>121<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Turkmenistan" title="Turkmenistan">Turkmenistan</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000600000000000000♠">6</span> <small>(1995 census)</small> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6996135208220659816♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-122" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-122"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>122<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Belarus.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belarus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Belarus.svg/35px-Flag_of_Belarus.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Belarus.svg/46px-Flag_of_Belarus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Belarus" title="Belarus">Belarus</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000300000000000000♠">3</span> <small>(2009 census)</small> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6995315662975900078♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-123" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-123"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>123<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Flag_of_the_Faroe_Islands.svg/21px-Flag_of_the_Faroe_Islands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Flag_of_the_Faroe_Islands.svg/32px-Flag_of_the_Faroe_Islands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Flag_of_the_Faroe_Islands.svg/41px-Flag_of_the_Faroe_Islands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Faroe_Islands" title="Faroe Islands">Faroe Islands</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000100000000000000♠">1</span> <small>(2011 census, mother tongue)</small> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6997206846623228875♠" style="display:none"></span>0% </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-124" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-124"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>124<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th align="center">— </th> <th align="center">1,507,694 to 4,710,211 </th> <th align="center">— </th> <th align="center">— </th></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Return_migration">Return migration</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Albanian_diaspora&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Return migration"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Emigration" title="Emigration">Emigration</a> has been one of the main causes that has driven the decline of the number of Albanian population during 2002-2011. The phenomenon of migration in Albania Immigration has been common. In most cases it has been taken by males. Gender difference in the last census period (2001-2011) is not that pronounced. According to <a href="/wiki/INSTAT" class="mw-redirect" title="INSTAT">INSTAT</a> during this period about 481.000 Albanians left and 243,000 of them were male. According to the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Developing countries most preferred destination for emigrants were <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a>, followed by <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> (US), <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> (UK), and <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a>. Italy is the country of destination preferred by 47 percent of immigrants, followed by Greece with 43 percent of emigrants, and the United States (US) coming up as a third destination. </p><p>Regarding the return, data Population and Housing Census 2011 show that about 139,827 Albanians were returned to Albania in the period 2001-2011, mostly male. Returnees are relatively young and working age. Employment and family reasons dominate among the reasons to return. In this sense, the return migration captured in the census is a snapshot of continuous circular migration. The National Research survey demonstrates that a total of 133,544 Albanian immigrants aged 18 years and above are turning in Albania in 2009-2013, of which 98,414 men and 35,130 women. This is a big difference report of returnees by sex, where men are over represented compared with women, 73.7% and 26.3% respectively. Since 2009 there has been a growing trend of returns, while the majority of the returns occurred in 2012 and 2013 (53.4 percent). Returns, dominated voluntary returns (94 percent) occurred in Greece, 70.8 percent to 23.7 percent followed by Italy and other countries like the UK, Germany, etc. Therefore, it can be argued that returns in Albania are mainly a consequence of the global financial crisis of 2009 that hit the market. The survey findings show that the main reasons for emigration from Albania have been unemployment in the country and opportunities for better employment abroad along with opportunities for higher incomes. No significant gender difference in immigration is a reason, besides family reunion that seems to have been the main reason for migration. On return, the main reasons include loss of employment in the country immigration, the longing for family and country, as well as problems faced by the family in <a href="/wiki/Albania" title="Albania">Albania</a>. Other reasons for return include better employment opportunities in Albania, investment plans or health problems.<sup id="cite_ref-125" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-125"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>125<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_people">Notable people</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Albanian_diaspora&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Notable people"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:John_Belushi_at_the_32nd_Annual_Radio_and_Television_Correspondents_Association_Dinner_-_NARA_-_30805929.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/John_Belushi_at_the_32nd_Annual_Radio_and_Television_Correspondents_Association_Dinner_-_NARA_-_30805929.jpg/180px-John_Belushi_at_the_32nd_Annual_Radio_and_Television_Correspondents_Association_Dinner_-_NARA_-_30805929.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="248" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/John_Belushi_at_the_32nd_Annual_Radio_and_Television_Correspondents_Association_Dinner_-_NARA_-_30805929.jpg/270px-John_Belushi_at_the_32nd_Annual_Radio_and_Television_Correspondents_Association_Dinner_-_NARA_-_30805929.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/John_Belushi_at_the_32nd_Annual_Radio_and_Television_Correspondents_Association_Dinner_-_NARA_-_30805929.jpg/360px-John_Belushi_at_the_32nd_Annual_Radio_and_Television_Correspondents_Association_Dinner_-_NARA_-_30805929.jpg 2x" data-file-width="506" data-file-height="697" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/John_Belushi" title="John Belushi">John Belushi</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mother_Teresa_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Mother_Teresa_1.jpg/180px-Mother_Teresa_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="248" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Mother_Teresa_1.jpg/270px-Mother_Teresa_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Mother_Teresa_1.jpg/360px-Mother_Teresa_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="5512" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Mother_Teresa" title="Mother Teresa">Mother Teresa</a></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sedefkar_Mehmed_Agha" title="Sedefkar Mehmed Agha">Sedefkar Mehmed Agha</a>, architect of the <a href="/wiki/Blue_Mosque,_Istanbul" title="Blue Mosque, Istanbul">Sultan Ahmed Mosque</a> (the "Blue Mosque") in Istanbul</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fatmire_Alushi" title="Fatmire Alushi">Fatmire Bajramaj</a>, female football player. She moved to 1. FFC Frankfurt for the 2011–12 season: the transfer is the most expensive in women's Bundesliga history.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giorgio_Basta" title="Giorgio Basta">Giorgio Basta</a>, Italian general of <a href="/wiki/Arb%C3%ABresh%C3%AB_people" title="Arbëreshë people">Arbëreshë</a> descent, employed by the Holy Roman Emperor Rudolf II to command Habsburg forces in the Long War of 1591–1606 and later to administer Transylvania as an Imperial vassal to restore Catholicism as a predominant religion in Transylvania</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Belushi" class="mw-redirect" title="James Belushi">James Belushi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Albanian-American" class="mw-redirect" title="Albanian-American">Albanian-American</a> Hollywood actor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Belushi" title="John Belushi">John Belushi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Albanian-American" class="mw-redirect" title="Albanian-American">Albanian-American</a> Hollywood actor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mother_Teresa" title="Mother Teresa">Mother Teresa</a> (born Agnes Gonxha Bojaxhiu), Catholic nun of <a href="/wiki/Albanians" title="Albanians">Albanian</a> ethnicity and Indian citizenship, who founded the <a href="/wiki/Missionaries_of_Charity" title="Missionaries of Charity">Missionaries of Charity</a> in <a href="/wiki/Calcutta" class="mw-redirect" title="Calcutta">Calcutta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lorik_Cana" title="Lorik Cana">Lorik Cana</a>, football player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adem_Kerimofski" class="mw-redirect" title="Adem Kerimofski">Adem Kerimofski</a>, Australian musician of Albanian ancestry</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Granit_Xhaka" title="Granit Xhaka">Granit Xhaka</a>, footballer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francesco_Crispi" title="Francesco Crispi">Francesco Crispi</a>, Italian politician of Arbëreshë ancestry. He was instrumental in the <a href="/wiki/Italian_unification" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian unification">unification of Italy</a> and was its 17th and 20th Prime Minister from 1887 until 1891 and again from 1893 until 1896.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_DioGuardi" title="Joe DioGuardi">Joe DioGuardi</a>, Albanian-American certified public accountant and a Republican politician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tie_Domi" title="Tie Domi">Tie Domi</a>, Canadian professional ice hockey player. During a 16-year NHL career when he was known for his role as an enforcer, he played for the Toronto Maple Leafs, New York Rangers and Winnipeg Jets.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eliza_Dushku" title="Eliza Dushku">Eliza Dushku</a>, Albanian-American actress known for her television roles</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lee_Elia" title="Lee Elia">Lee Elia</a>, Albanian-American former professional baseball player and manager in Major League Baseball</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Farouk_of_Egypt" title="Farouk of Egypt">Farouk I of Egypt</a> (11 February 1920 – 18 March 1965), tenth ruler (Muhammad Ali Dynasty) and penultimate King of Egypt and Sudan, 1936. He was of Albanian, Egyptian and Turkish descent.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mid%27hat_Frash%C3%ABri" title="Mid'hat Frashëri">Mit'hat Frashëri</a>, diplomat, writer and politician. Son of Abdyl Frashëri, one of the most important activists of the <a href="/wiki/Albanian_National_Awakening" title="Albanian National Awakening">Albanian National Awakening</a>. In 1908 he participated in the <a href="/wiki/Congress_of_Monastir" class="mw-redirect" title="Congress of Monastir">Congress of Monastir</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Gjonaj" title="Mark Gjonaj">Mark Gjonaj</a>, United States politician in the New York State Assembly</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Gramsci" title="Antonio Gramsci">Antonio Gramsci</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arb%C3%ABresh%C3%AB_people" title="Arbëreshë people">Arbëreshë</a> writer, politician, political theorist, linguist and philosopher</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_G._Gregory" title="William G. Gregory">William G. Gregory</a>, first <a href="/wiki/Albanian-American" class="mw-redirect" title="Albanian-American">Albanian-American</a> in space</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kledi_Kadiu" title="Kledi Kadiu">Kledi Kadiu</a>, dancer and choreographer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luan_Krasniqi" title="Luan Krasniqi">Luan Krasniqi</a>, German boxer of Kosovo Albanian descent</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mirela_Manjani" class="mw-redirect" title="Mirela Manjani">Mirela Manjani</a>, retired Albanian javelin thrower that represented Greece</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ava_Max" title="Ava Max">Ava Max</a>, Albanian-American singer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleksand%C3%ABr_Moisiu" title="Aleksandër Moisiu">Alexander Moissi</a>, stage actor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferid_Murad" title="Ferid Murad">Ferid Murad</a>, <a href="/wiki/Albanian-American" class="mw-redirect" title="Albanian-American">Albanian-American</a> physician and pharmacologist, co-winner of the 1998 <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Physiology_or_Medicine" title="Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine">Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mateo_Musacchio" title="Mateo Musacchio">Mateo Musacchio</a>, Argentine footballer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_of_Egypt" title="Muhammad Ali of Egypt">Muhammad Ali Pasha</a>, regarded as the founder of modern Egypt, he was a commander of the Ottoman Sultan <a href="/wiki/Mahmud_II" title="Mahmud II">Mahmud II</a>'s army sent to drive <a href="/wiki/Napoleon" title="Napoleon">Napoleon</a>'s forces out of Egypt: upon French withdrawal, became Governor of Egypt (1805), then Khedive (Viceroy) of Egypt and Sudan. He founded a dynasty.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anna_Oxa" title="Anna Oxa">Anna Oxa</a>, singer born as Anna Hoxha, niece of Albanian dictator <a href="/wiki/Enver_Hoxha" title="Enver Hoxha">Enver Hoxha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regis_Philbin" title="Regis Philbin">Regis Philbin</a>, Albanian-American media personality, actor and singer, known for hosting talk and game shows from the 1960s to the present</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rexhep_Qosja" title="Rexhep Qosja">Rexhep Qosja</a>, politician and literary critic</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oru%C3%A7_Reis" class="mw-redirect" title="Oruç Reis">Oruç Reis</a>, also called Barbarossa or Redbeard, Turkish privateer and Ottoman Bey (Governor) of Algiers and Beylerbey (Chief Governor) of the West Mediterranean</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Girolamo_de_Rada" title="Girolamo de Rada">Girolamo de Rada</a> (Arbëresh: Jeronim de Rada) (1814–1903), Italian writer of Italo-Albanian literature of Arbëreshë descent: he was the foremost figure of the Albanian National Awakening in 19th century Italy.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernesto_Sabato" title="Ernesto Sabato">Ernesto Sabato</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arb%C3%ABresh%C3%AB_people" title="Arbëreshë people">Arbëreshë</a>/ <a href="/wiki/Argentines" title="Argentines">Argentine</a> poet, physicist and writer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burim_Myftiu" title="Burim Myftiu">Burim Myftiu</a>, Albanian-American photographer, curator and visual artist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Nasiruddin_al-Albani" class="mw-redirect" title="Muhammad Nasiruddin al-Albani">Muhammad Nasiruddin al-Albani</a>, Muslim cleric</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rita_Ora" title="Rita Ora">Rita Ora</a>, Kosovar Albanian singer born in Prishtina, Kosovo (then Yugoslavia). Ora's family emigrated to London in 1991, when she was a year old.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dua_Lipa" title="Dua Lipa">Dua Lipa</a>, Kosovar Albanian singer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bebe_Rexha" title="Bebe Rexha">Bebe Rexha</a>, Albanian-American singer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleni_Foureira" title="Eleni Foureira">Eleni Foureira</a>, singer who represented <a href="/wiki/Cyprus_in_the_Eurovision_Song_Contest_2018" title="Cyprus in the Eurovision Song Contest 2018">Cyprus</a> at <a href="/wiki/Eurovision_Song_Contest_2018" title="Eurovision Song Contest 2018">Eurovision Song Contest 2018</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gjon_Muharremaj" class="mw-redirect" title="Gjon Muharremaj">Gjon Muharremaj</a>, singer represented <a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Switzerland</a> at <a href="/wiki/Eurovision_Song_Contest_2021" title="Eurovision Song Contest 2021">Eurovision Song Contest 2021</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erik_Lloga" title="Erik Lloga">Erik Lloga</a>, Albanian Australian community leader and sociologist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fadil_Berisha" title="Fadil Berisha">Fadil Berisha</a>, Albanian-American fashion photographer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mira_Murati" title="Mira Murati">Mira Murati</a>, Albanian CTO at Open AI</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demna_Gvasalia" class="mw-redirect" title="Demna Gvasalia">Demna Gvasalia</a>, Georgian fashion designer of partial Albanian descent<sup id="cite_ref-126" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-126"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>126<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danny_DeVito" title="Danny DeVito">Danny DeVito</a>, American actor and filmmaker</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Albanian_diaspora&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Lamerica" title="Lamerica">Lamerica</a></i> - film on the 1991 Albanian Exodus to Italy</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karaburun_tragedy" title="Karaburun tragedy">Karaburun tragedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tragedy_of_Otranto" title="Tragedy of Otranto">Tragedy of Otranto</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Albanian_diaspora&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090325222928/http://www.migrantsingreece.org/transpartner/Tables.pdf">"Data on immigrants in Greece, from Census 2001"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.migrantsingreece.org/transpartner/Tables.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 25 March 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 December</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Data+on+immigrants+in+Greece%2C+from+Census+2001&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.migrantsingreece.org%2Ftranspartner%2FTables.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlbanian+diaspora" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Istituto nazionale di statistica: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.istat.it/salastampa/comunicati/non_calendario/20061017_00/testointegrale.pdf"><i>La popolazione straniera residente in Italia</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090327081537/http://www.istat.it/salastampa/comunicati/non_calendario/20061017_00/testointegrale.pdf">Archived</a> 27 March 2009 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190416182441/https://www.focus.de/politik/ausland/kosovo-ende-der-geduld_aid_169033.html">"Ende der Geduld"</a>. <i>Focus.de</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.focus.de/politik/ausland/kosovo-ende-der-geduld_aid_169033.html">the original</a> on 16 April 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 August</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Focus.de&rft.atitle=Ende+der+Geduld&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.focus.de%2Fpolitik%2Fausland%2Fkosovo-ende-der-geduld_aid_169033.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlbanian+diaspora" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">150,000 Albanians resided in Switzerland as of 2000 (6% of the total population of Switzerland). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/portal/de/index/themen/01/22/publ.Document.52216.pdf">Eidgenössiche Volkszählung 2000: Sprachenlandschaft in der Schweiz</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Barjaba, Joniada. "Albanian Diaspora across the World." Athens Journal of Mediterranean Studies: 173.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Mai, Nicola, and Stephanie Schwandner-Sievers. "Albanian migration and new transnationalisms." Journal of ethnic and migration studies 29, no. 6 (2003): 939-948.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Demmers, Jolle. "Diaspora and conflict: Locality, long-distance nationalism, and delocalisation of conflict dynamics." Javnost-The Public 9, no. 1 (2002): 85-96.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGjonça2017" class="citation book cs1">Gjonça, Arjan (28 August 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=OKEal7FHClUC&q=albanians+in+turkey&pg=PA10"><i>Communism, Health and Lifestyle: The Paradox of Mortality Transition in Albania, 1950-1990</i></a>. Greenwood Publishing Group. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780313315862" title="Special:BookSources/9780313315862"><bdi>9780313315862</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 May</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Catholic+Encyclopedia&rft.place=The+New+York+Public+Library&rft.pages=255&rft.pub=Robert+Appleton+Company&rft.date=1913&rft.aulast=Herbermann&rft.aufirst=Charles+George&rft.au=Knights+of+Columbus%2C+Catholic+Truth+Committee&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DFmgQAAAAIAAJ%26q%3Dillyricum%2Bsacrum%2Balbanian%26pg%3DPA255&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlbanian+diaspora" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.arbitalia.it/storia/migrazioni.htm">"Le migrazioni delgi arbereshe"</a>. <i>Arbitalia.it</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 August</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Arbitalia.it&rft.atitle=Le+migrazioni+delgi+arbereshe&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.arbitalia.it%2Fstoria%2Fmigrazioni.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlbanian+diaspora" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ethnologue1976-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ethnologue1976_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ethnologue.com/language/aae/***EDITION***">"Albanian, Arbëreshë"</a>. <i>Ethnologue.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 August</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ethnologue.com&rft.atitle=Albanian%2C+Arb%C3%ABresh%C3%AB&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ethnologue.com%2Flanguage%2Faae%2F%2A%2A%2AEDITION%2A%2A%2A&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlbanian+diaspora" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFToso2006" class="citation book cs1">Toso, Fiorenzo (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=pnI5vgAACAAJ"><i>Lingue d'Europa. La pluralità linguistica dei Paesi europei fra passato e presente</i></a>. Roma: Baldini & Castoldi. p. 90. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9788884908841" title="Special:BookSources/9788884908841"><bdi>9788884908841</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 October</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Lingue+d%27Europa.+La+pluralit%C3%A0+linguistica+dei+Paesi+europei+fra+passato+e+presente&rft.place=Roma&rft.pages=90&rft.pub=Baldini+%26+Castoldi&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=9788884908841&rft.aulast=Toso&rft.aufirst=Fiorenzo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DpnI5vgAACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlbanian+diaspora" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ccat.sas.upenn.edu/italians/resources/Amiciprize/1998/Chronology.html">Chronology of Albanian Immigration to Italy</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.migrationinformation.org/Profiles/display.cfm?ID=239">Migration Information</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Deliso2007-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Deliso2007_30-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChristopher_Deliso2007" class="citation book cs1">Christopher Deliso (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=-7dq8mi0DWkC&pg=PA38"><i>The Coming Balkan Caliphate: The Threat of Radical Islam to Europe and the West</i></a>. Greenwood Publishing Group. pp. 38–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-275-99525-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-275-99525-6"><bdi>978-0-275-99525-6</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 September</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Coming+Balkan+Caliphate%3A+The+Threat+of+Radical+Islam+to+Europe+and+the+West&rft.pages=38-&rft.pub=Greenwood+Publishing+Group&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-275-99525-6&rft.au=Christopher+Deliso&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D-7dq8mi0DWkC%26pg%3DPA38&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlbanian+diaspora" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.milliyet.com.tr/default.aspx?aType=SonDakika&Kategori=yasam&ArticleID=873452&Date=07.06.2008&ver=16">"Türkiye'deki Kürtlerin sayısı!"</a> (in Turkish). 6 June 2008. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090209021046/http://www.milliyet.com.tr/default.aspx?aType=SonDakika&Kategori=yasam&ArticleID=873452&Date=07.06.2008&ver=16">Archived</a> from the original on 9 February 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 September</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=T%C3%BCrkiye%27deki+K%C3%BCrtlerin+say%C4%B1s%C4%B1%21&rft.date=2008-06-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.milliyet.com.tr%2Fdefault.aspx%3FaType%3DSonDakika%26Kategori%3Dyasam%26ArticleID%3D873452%26Date%3D07.06.2008%26ver%3D16&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlbanian+diaspora" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-The_Albanian_fund-raising_machine-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-The_Albanian_fund-raising_machine_32-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/1356196.stm">"The Albanian fund-raising machine"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 28 May 2001. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20021217133250/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/1356196.stm">Archived</a> from the original on 17 December 2002<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 April</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=The+Albanian+fund-raising+machine&rft.date=2001-05-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F1%2Fhi%2Fworld%2Feurope%2F1356196.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlbanian+diaspora" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.migrationinformation.org/Profiles/display.cfm?ID=284">"Switzerland Faces Common European Challenges"</a>. <i>Migrationinformation.org</i>. 1 February 2005<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 August</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Migrationinformation.org&rft.atitle=Switzerland+Faces+Common+European+Challenges&rft.date=2005-02-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.migrationinformation.org%2FProfiles%2Fdisplay.cfm%3FID%3D284&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlbanian+diaspora" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Higham, Robin D. S. (1972). A Guide to the Sources of British Military History. Routledge & Kegan Paul. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7100-7251-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-7100-7251-1">0-7100-7251-1</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_35-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_35-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ons.gov.uk/datasets/create/filter-outputs/83825f2c-26fe-4220-869e-24b979100279#get-data">"Country of birth (extended) - Office for National Statistics"</a>. <i>www.ons.gov.uk</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Portal+das+Comunidades+Portuguesas&rft.atitle=Alb%C3%A2nia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fportaldascomunidades.mne.gov.pt%2Fpt%2Frede-consular%2Feuropa%2Falbania&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlbanian+diaspora" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://portaldiplomatico.mne.gov.pt/images/Livro_Corpo_Diplom%C3%A1tico/CORPO_DIPLOM%C3%81TICO_ACREDITADO_EM_LISBOA_HM_Junho_2023.pdf">"CORPO DIPLOMÁTICO ACREDITADO EM LISBOA"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=CORPO+DIPLOM%C3%81TICO+ACREDITADO+EM+LISBOA&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fportaldiplomatico.mne.gov.pt%2Fimages%2FLivro_Corpo_Diplom%25C3%25A1tico%2FCORPO_DIPLOM%25C3%2581TICO_ACREDITADO_EM_LISBOA_HM_Junho_2023.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlbanian+diaspora" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.portugalglobal.pt/PT/Internacionalizar/logisticaglobal/Europa/Albania/Paginas/Albania.aspx">"Albania- Operadorers Logísticos"</a>. <i>www.portugalglobal.pt</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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In Peucker, Mario; Ceylan, Rauf (eds.). <i>Muslim Community Organizations in the West: History, Developments and Future Perspectives</i>. 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In Mazurkiewicz, Anna (ed.). <i>East Central European migrations during the Cold War: A handbook</i>. De Gruyter. p. 15. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9783110607536" title="Special:BookSources/9783110607536"><bdi>9783110607536</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Albania&rft.btitle=East+Central+European+migrations+during+the+Cold+War%3A+A+handbook&rft.pages=15&rft.pub=De+Gruyter&rft.date=2019&rft.isbn=9783110607536&rft.aulast=Domachowska&rft.aufirst=Agata&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D7XacDwAAQBAJ%26dq%3Dalbanians%2Bdandenong%26pg%3DPA15&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlbanian+diaspora" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Haveric34-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Haveric34_60-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHaveric2019">Haveric 2019</a>, pp. 3–4.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ImmMuswii-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ImmMuswii_61-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://museumsvictoria.com.au/immigrationmuseum/whatson/past-exhibitions/kurbet/after-world-war-ii/">"After World War II"</a>. Immigration Museum. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304135044/http://museumvictoria.com.au/immigrationmuseum/whatson/past-exhibitions/kurbet/after-world-war-ii/">Archived</a> from the original on 4 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 July</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=After+World+War+II&rft.pub=Immigration+Museum&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmuseumsvictoria.com.au%2Fimmigrationmuseum%2Fwhatson%2Fpast-exhibitions%2Fkurbet%2Fafter-world-war-ii%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlbanian+diaspora" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ahmeti38-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Ahmeti38_62-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAhmeti2017">Ahmeti 2017</a>, p. 38.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Jupp166167-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Jupp166167_63-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJupp2001" class="citation book cs1">Jupp, James (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wgoFxfSTfYAC&q=Albanians"><i>The Australian People: An Encyclopedia of the Nation, its People and their Origins</i></a>. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 166–167. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780521807890" title="Special:BookSources/9780521807890"><bdi>9780521807890</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Australian+People%3A+An+Encyclopedia+of+the+Nation%2C+its+People+and+their+Origins&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.pages=166-167&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=9780521807890&rft.aulast=Jupp&rft.aufirst=James&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DwgoFxfSTfYAC%26q%3DAlbanians&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlbanian+diaspora" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ahmeti39-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Ahmeti39_64-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAhmeti2017">Ahmeti 2017</a>, p. 39.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ImmMusrec-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ImmMusrec_65-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://museumsvictoria.com.au/immigrationmuseum/whatson/past-exhibitions/kurbet/recent-arrivals/">"Recent arrivals"</a>. Immigration Museum. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160115234904/http://museumvictoria.com.au/immigrationmuseum/whatson/past-exhibitions/kurbet/recent-arrivals/">Archived</a> from the original on 15 January 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 October</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Recent+arrivals&rft.pub=Immigration+Museum&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmuseumsvictoria.com.au%2Fimmigrationmuseum%2Fwhatson%2Fpast-exhibitions%2Fkurbet%2Frecent-arrivals%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlbanian+diaspora" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ahmeti4142445556202213232233260263267-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Ahmeti4142445556202213232233260263267_66-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAhmeti2017" class="citation thesis cs1">Ahmeti, Sharon (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.723248"><i>Albanian Muslims in Secular, Multicultural Australia</i></a> (Ph.D.). University of Aberdeen. pp. 41–42, 44, 55–56, 202, 213, 232–233, 260, 263, 267<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 August</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adissertation&rft.title=Albanian+Muslims+in+Secular%2C+Multicultural+Australia&rft.inst=University+of+Aberdeen&rft.date=2017&rft.aulast=Ahmeti&rft.aufirst=Sharon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fethos.bl.uk%2FOrderDetails.do%3Fuin%3Duk.bl.ethos.723248&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlbanian+diaspora" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Haveric27126139144153154159160199-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Haveric27126139144153154159160199_67-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHaveric2019" class="citation book cs1">Haveric, Dzavid (2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=QBemDwAAQBAJ&dq=Albanian+Australians&pg=PT133"><i>Muslims making Australia home: Immigration and Community Building</i></a>. Melbourne University Publishing. pp. 27, 126, 139, 144, 153–154, 159–160, 199. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780522875829" title="Special:BookSources/9780522875829"><bdi>9780522875829</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Muslims+making+Australia+home%3A+Immigration+and+Community+Building&rft.pages=27%2C+126%2C+139%2C+144%2C+153-154%2C+159-160%2C+199&rft.pub=Melbourne+University+Publishing&rft.date=2019&rft.isbn=9780522875829&rft.aulast=Haveric&rft.aufirst=Dzavid&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DQBemDwAAQBAJ%26dq%3DAlbanian%2BAustralians%26pg%3DPT133&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlbanian+diaspora" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Pratt744-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Pratt744_68-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPratt2011" class="citation journal cs1">Pratt, Douglas (2011). "Antipodean Ummah: Islam and Muslims in Australia and New Zealand". <i>Religion Compass</i>. <b>5</b> (12): 744. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1749-8171.2011.00322.x">10.1111/j.1749-8171.2011.00322.x</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Religion+Compass&rft.atitle=Antipodean+Ummah%3A+Islam+and+Muslims+in+Australia+and+New+Zealand&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=12&rft.pages=744&rft.date=2011&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.1749-8171.2011.00322.x&rft.aulast=Pratt&rft.aufirst=Douglas&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlbanian+diaspora" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kolig23-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Kolig23_69-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKolig2010" class="citation book cs1">Kolig, Erich (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Yu15DwAAQBAJ&dq=Albanians+New+Zealand&pg=PA23"><i>New Zealand's Muslims and multiculturalism</i></a>. Brill. p. 23. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789047440703" title="Special:BookSources/9789047440703"><bdi>9789047440703</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=New+Zealand%27s+Muslims+and+multiculturalism&rft.pages=23&rft.pub=Brill&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=9789047440703&rft.aulast=Kolig&rft.aufirst=Erich&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DYu15DwAAQBAJ%26dq%3DAlbanians%2BNew%2BZealand%26pg%3DPA23&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlbanian+diaspora" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dru7-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Dru7_70-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dru7_70-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDrury2020">Drury 2020</a>, p. 7.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dru89-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Dru89_71-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDrury2020">Drury 2020</a>, pp. 8–9.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AbdSa-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-AbdSa_72-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AbdSa_72-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAbdyli2021" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Abdyli, Sabit (20 July 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://diasporashqiptare.al/2021/07/20/historia-si-u-vendosen-shqiptaret-ne-zelanden-e-re/">"Si u vendosën shqiptarët në Zelandën e Re"</a> [How Albanians settled in New Zealand] (in Albanian). Diaspora Shqiptare<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Si+u+vendos%C3%ABn+shqiptar%C3%ABt+n%C3%AB+Zeland%C3%ABn+e+Re&rft.date=2021-07-20&rft.aulast=Abdyli&rft.aufirst=Sabit&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdiasporashqiptare.al%2F2021%2F07%2F20%2Fhistoria-si-u-vendosen-shqiptaret-ne-zelanden-e-re%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlbanian+diaspora" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Miller653-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Miller653_73-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMiller2006" class="citation book cs1">Miller, Raymond (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=K6oHAQAAMAAJ&q=New+Zealand+responded+by+accepting+for+resettlement+over+four+hundred+Kosovars+who+had+family+in+New+Zealand"><i>New Zealand Government & Politics</i></a>. Oxford University Press. p. 653. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-558492-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-558492-9"><bdi>978-0-19-558492-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=New+Zealand+Government+%26+Politics&rft.pages=653&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-0-19-558492-9&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=Raymond&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DK6oHAQAAMAAJ%26q%3DNew%2BZealand%2Bresponded%2Bby%2Baccepting%2Bfor%2Bresettlement%2Bover%2Bfour%2Bhundred%2BKosovars%2Bwho%2Bhad%2Bfamily%2Bin%2BNew%2BZealand&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlbanian+diaspora" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DruAbd165-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-DruAbd165_74-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDruryPratt2021" class="citation journal cs1">Drury, Abdullah; Pratt, Douglas (2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://journals.qu.edu.qa/index.php/sharia/article/download/1851/1346">"Islam in New Zealand – A Mixed Reception: Historical Overview and Contemporary Challenges"</a>. <i>Journal of College of Sharia and Islamic Studies</i>. <b>39</b> (1): 165. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.29117%2Fjcsis.2021.0290">10.29117/jcsis.2021.0290</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/10576%2F22316">10576/22316</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:237845218">237845218</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+College+of+Sharia+and+Islamic+Studies&rft.atitle=Islam+in+New+Zealand+%E2%80%93+A+Mixed+Reception%3A+Historical+Overview+and+Contemporary+Challenges&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=165&rft.date=2021&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F10576%2F22316&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A237845218%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.29117%2Fjcsis.2021.0290&rft.aulast=Drury&rft.aufirst=Abdullah&rft.au=Pratt%2C+Douglas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fjournals.qu.edu.qa%2Findex.php%2Fsharia%2Farticle%2Fdownload%2F1851%2F1346&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlbanian+diaspora" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DeMcVe343353-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-DeMcVe343353_75-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDevereMcDermottVerbitsky2006">Devere, McDermott & Verbitsky 2006</a>, pp. 343, 353.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dru718-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Dru718_76-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDrury2020" class="citation journal cs1">Drury, Abdullah (2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.waikato.ac.nz/fass/UWISG/review/Waikato-Islamic-Studies-Review-Vol-6-No-1.pdf#page=4">"Mazharbeg: An Albanian in Exile"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Waikato Islamic Studies Review</i>. <b>6</b> (1): 7, 18.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Waikato+Islamic+Studies+Review&rft.atitle=Mazharbeg%3A+An+Albanian+in+Exile&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=7%2C+18&rft.date=2020&rft.aulast=Drury&rft.aufirst=Abdullah&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.waikato.ac.nz%2Ffass%2FUWISG%2Freview%2FWaikato-Islamic-Studies-Review-Vol-6-No-1.pdf%23page%3D4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlbanian+diaspora" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170808015849/http://www.instat.gov.al/media/177354/main_results__population_and_housing_census_2011.pdf">"1.1.13 Resident population by ethnic and cultural affiliation"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (in Albanian). Statistics of Albania. p. 71. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.instat.gov.al/media/177354/main_results__population_and_housing_census_2011.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 8 August 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 July</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=1.1.13+Resident+population+by+ethnic+and+cultural+affiliation&rft.pages=71&rft.pub=Statistics+of+Albania&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.instat.gov.al%2Fmedia%2F177354%2Fmain_results__population_and_housing_census_2011.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlbanian+diaspora" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140427201130/http://ask.rks-gov.net/rekos2011/repository/docs/Population%20by%20gender%2C%20ethnicity%20at%20settlement%20level.pdf">"Tab1.1. Population of Kosovo by ethnicity, gender and type of area"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Statistics of Kosovo. p. 11. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ask.rks-gov.net/rekos2011/repository/docs/Population%20by%20gender,%20ethnicity%20at%20settlement%20level.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 27 April 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 July</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tab1.1.+Population+of+Kosovo+by+ethnicity%2C+gender+and+type+of+area&rft.pages=11&rft.pub=Statistics+of+Kosovo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fask.rks-gov.net%2Frekos2011%2Frepository%2Fdocs%2FPopulation%2520by%2520gender%2C%2520ethnicity%2520at%2520settlement%2520level.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlbanian+diaspora" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stat.gov.mk/pdf/kniga_13.pdf">"Tabel 3: Total population of the Republic of Macedonia according to ethnic affiliation"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (in Macedonian). 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://asgabat.net/turkmenistan/itogi-vseobschei-perepisi-naselenija-turkmenistana-po-nacionalnomu-sostavu-v-1995-godu.html">the original</a> on 13 March 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 July</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=asgabat.net&rft.atitle=%D0%98%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8+%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%89%D0%B5%D0%B9+%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B8+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F+%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0+%D0%BF%D0%BE+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%83+%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83+%D0%B2+1995+%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%83.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fasgabat.net%2Fturkmenistan%2Fitogi-vseobschei-perepisi-naselenija-turkmenistana-po-nacionalnomu-sostavu-v-1995-godu.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlbanian+diaspora" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-123"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-123">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101030210223/http://belstat.gov.by/homep/ru/perepic/2009/vihod_tables/5.11-0.pdf"><bdi lang="ru">Национальный статистический комитет Республики Беларусь</bdi></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Национальный статистический комитет Республики Беларусь</i> (in Russian). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://belstat.gov.by/homep/ru/perepic/2009/vihod_tables/5.11-0.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 30 October 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 August</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9+%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9+%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82+%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8+%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D1%8C&rft.atitle=%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9+%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9+%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82+%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8+%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D1%8C&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbelstat.gov.by%2Fhomep%2Fru%2Fperepic%2F2009%2Fvihod_tables%2F5.11-0.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlbanian+diaspora" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-124"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-124">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180729171357/http://www.hagstova.fo/fo/folkateljing/folkid-111111/filipinsk-og-teilenskt-vunnu-fram-sum-modurmal">"Filipinsk og teilenskt vunnu fram sum móðurmál"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hagstova.fo/fo/folkateljing/folkid-111111/filipinsk-og-teilenskt-vunnu-fram-sum-modurmal">the original</a> on 29 July 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 August</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Filipinsk+og+teilenskt+vunnu+fram+sum+m%C3%B3%C3%B0urm%C3%A1l&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hagstova.fo%2Ffo%2Ffolkateljing%2Ffolkid-111111%2Ffilipinsk-og-teilenskt-vunnu-fram-sum-modurmal&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlbanian+diaspora" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-125"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-125">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFilipiGalanxhiNesturi2013" class="citation journal cs1">Filipi, Gjergji; Galanxhi, Emira; Nesturi, Majlinda (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304114530/http://www.instat.gov.al/media/255790/migracioni_i_kthimit_dhe_ri-integrimi_2013_.pdf">"Return Migration and Reintegration in Albania"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.instat.gov.al/media/255790/migracioni_i_kthimit_dhe_ri-integrimi_2013_.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 4 March 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Return+Migration+and+Reintegration+in+Albania&rft.date=2013&rft.aulast=Filipi&rft.aufirst=Gjergji&rft.au=Galanxhi%2C+Emira&rft.au=Nesturi%2C+Majlinda&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.instat.gov.al%2Fmedia%2F255790%2Fmigracioni_i_kthimit_dhe_ri-integrimi_2013_.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlbanian+diaspora" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_journal" title="Template:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Cite journal requires <code class="cs1-code">|journal=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#missing_periodical" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-126"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-126">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHoryn" class="citation web cs1">Horyn, Cathy. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://system-magazine.com/issues/issue-18/demna-gvasalia-balenciaga-cathy-horyn-interview-couture-the-simpsons">"It's my story now"</a>. System.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=It%E2%80%99s+my+story+now&rft.pub=System&rft.aulast=Horyn&rft.aufirst=Cathy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsystem-magazine.com%2Fissues%2Fissue-18%2Fdemna-gvasalia-balenciaga-cathy-horyn-interview-couture-the-simpsons&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlbanian+diaspora" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sources">Sources</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Albanian_diaspora&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDevereMcDermottVerbitsky2006" class="citation book cs1">Devere, Heather; McDermott, Keryn; Verbitsky, Jane (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=OTI2AAAAQBAJ&dq=Kosovars+New+Zealand&pg=PA365">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>"Just a refugee": Rights and Status of Refugees in New Zealand"</a>. In Crépeau, François; Nakache, Delphine; Collyer, Michael; Goetz, Nathaniel H.; Hansen, Art (eds.). <i>Forced Migration and Global Processes: A View from Forced Migration Studies</i>. Lexington Books. pp. 357, 359–360. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780739155059" title="Special:BookSources/9780739155059"><bdi>9780739155059</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=%22Just+a+refugee%22%3A+Rights+and+Status+of+Refugees+in+New+Zealand&rft.btitle=Forced+Migration+and+Global+Processes%3A+A+View+from+Forced+Migration+Studies&rft.pages=357%2C+359-360&rft.pub=Lexington+Books&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=9780739155059&rft.aulast=Devere&rft.aufirst=Heather&rft.au=McDermott%2C+Keryn&rft.au=Verbitsky%2C+Jane&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DOTI2AAAAQBAJ%26dq%3DKosovars%2BNew%2BZealand%26pg%3DPA365&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlbanian+diaspora" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Albanian_diaspora&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/1508084/Migrating_-_Remitting_-_Building_-_Dwelling_House-making_as_proxy_presence_in_postsocialist_Albania">Dalakoglou, Dimitri 2010 Migrating-Remitting-Building-Dwelling: House-Making as Proxy Presence in Postsocialist Albania, JRAI</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dalakoglou,_Dimitri&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dalakoglou, Dimitri (page does not exist)">Dalakoglou, Dimitri</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/1506285/The_Road_An_ethnography_of_the_Albanian-Greek_cross-border_motorway">2010 The Road: an Ethnography of Albanian Greek-Crossborder Motorway. American Ethnologist</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dare.uva.nl/document/53744">Vullnetari, Julie. "Albanian Migration and Development: State of the Art Review", Working Paper No. 18, Universiteit van Amsterdam: Amsterdam, 2007</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/mediterranean_quarterly/v015/15.4danopoulos.pdf">Danopoulos, Andrew C. and Constantine P. Danopoulos, "Albanian Migration into Greece: The Economic, Sociological, and Security Implications", <i>Mediterranean Quarterly</i> 15, no.4, (2004): 100–114</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110614111136/http://www.migrationdrc.org/publications/working_papers/WP-T25.pdf">Germenji, Etleva and Ilir Gedeshi. "Highly Skilled Migration from Albania: An Assessment of Current Trends and the Ways Ahead", University of Sussex: 2008</a></li> <li>Labrianidis, Lois; Brikena Kazazi. “Albanian Return-Migrants from Greece and Italy: Their Impact upon Spatial Disparities within Albania.” <i>European Urban and Regional Studies</i> 13, no. 1 (2006): 59–74</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070928163517/http://www.migrationdrc.org/publications/working_papers/WP-C5.pdf">King, Russell and Julie Vullnetari. "Migration and Development in Albania", Sussex Centre for Migration Research, University of Sussex, 2003</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.beryl-nicholson.co.uk/documents/self-help.pdf">Nicholson, Beryl. "The Tractor, the Shop, and the Filling Station: Work Migration as Self-Help Development in Albania", <i>Europe-Asia Studies</i> 56, no. 6 (2004): 877–890</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110915164450/http://www.cespi.it/PASTORE/Italy-Albania.pdf">Piperno, Flavia. "From Albania to Italy: Formation and Basic Features of a Binational Migration System", CeSPI, 2002</a></li> <li>Piracha, Matloob; Florin Vadean. “Return Migration and Occupational Choice: Evidence from Albania.” <i>World Development</i> 38, no. 8 (2010): 1141–1155</li></ul> <p><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.manchesteruniversitypress.co.uk/9781526109347">*Dalakoglou The Road: An Ethnography of (Im)mobility, Space and Cross-Border Infrastructures in Albania. Manchester University Press</a> </p> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 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.navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="European_diasporas" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:European_diasporas" title="Template:European diasporas"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:European_diasporas" title="Template talk:European diasporas"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:European_diasporas" title="Special:EditPage/Template:European diasporas"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="European_diasporas" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/European_emigration" title="European emigration">European diasporas</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/British_diaspora" title="British diaspora">Britain</a> and Ireland</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cornish_diaspora" title="Cornish diaspora">Cornish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_diaspora" title="English diaspora">English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_diaspora" title="Irish diaspora">Irish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manx_people" title="Manx people">Manx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_diaspora" title="Scottish diaspora">Scottish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_people#Welsh_emigration" title="Welsh people">Welsh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Caucasus</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_diaspora" title="Armenian diaspora">Armenians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijani_diaspora" title="Azerbaijani diaspora">Azerbaijanis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circassian_diaspora" title="Circassian diaspora">Circassians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chechen_diaspora" title="Chechen diaspora">Chechens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgian_diaspora" title="Georgian diaspora">Georgians</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Central Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Austrians_Abroad" title="Austrians Abroad">Austrians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czech_diaspora" title="Czech diaspora">Czechs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_diaspora" title="Croatian diaspora">Croats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_diaspora" title="German diaspora">Germans</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Volksdeutsche" title="Volksdeutsche">Volksdeutsche</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_diaspora" title="Hungarian diaspora">Hungarians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kashubian_diaspora" title="Kashubian diaspora">Kashubians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_diaspora" title="Polish diaspora">Poles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovak_diaspora" title="Slovak diaspora">Slovaks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovene_diaspora" title="Slovene diaspora">Slovenes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swiss_abroad" title="Swiss abroad">Swiss</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Eastern Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Belarusian_diaspora" title="Belarusian diaspora">Belarusians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crimean_Tatar_diaspora" title="Crimean Tatar diaspora">Crimean Tatars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_diaspora" title="Russian diaspora">Russians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_diaspora" title="Ukrainian diaspora">Ukrainians</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Northern Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Danes#Diaspora" title="Danes">Danes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estonians#Emigration" title="Estonians">Estonians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finnish_diaspora" title="Finnish diaspora">Finns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Icelandic_diaspora" title="Icelandic diaspora">Icelanders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latvian_diaspora" title="Latvian diaspora">Latvians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithuanians#Diaspora" title="Lithuanians">Lithuanians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norwegian_diaspora" title="Norwegian diaspora">Norwegians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swedish_diaspora" title="Swedish diaspora">Swedes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Southeastern Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Albanians</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Emigration_from_Kosovo" title="Emigration from Kosovo">Kosovars</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aromanian_diaspora" title="Aromanian diaspora">Aromanians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bosnian_diaspora" title="Bosnian diaspora">Bosnians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_diaspora" title="Bulgarian diaspora">Bulgarians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Cyprus" title="Demographics of Cyprus">Cypriots</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Greek_Cypriot_diaspora" title="Greek Cypriot diaspora">Greek Cypriots</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Turkish_Cypriot_diaspora" title="Turkish Cypriot diaspora">Turkish Cypriots</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_diaspora" title="Greek diaspora">Greeks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macedonian_diaspora" title="Macedonian diaspora">Macedonians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_diaspora" title="Romanian diaspora">Romanians</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Moldovan_diaspora" title="Moldovan diaspora">Moldovans</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbian_diaspora" title="Serbian diaspora">Serbs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_diaspora" title="Turkish diaspora">Turks</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Turkish_diaspora#Diaspora_of_Meskhetian_Turks" title="Turkish diaspora">Meskhetian Turks</a></span></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Southwestern Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Italian_diaspora" title="Italian diaspora">Italians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maltese_people#Maltese_emigration_and_expatriation" title="Maltese people">Maltese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_diaspora" class="mw-redirect" title="Portuguese diaspora">Portuguese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_diaspora" title="Spanish diaspora">Spaniards</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asturians#Emigration" title="Asturians">Asturians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basque_diaspora" title="Basque diaspora">Basques</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isle%C3%B1os" title="Isleños">Canarians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catalans" title="Catalans">Catalans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galician_diaspora" title="Galician diaspora">Galicians</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Western Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Belgian_diaspora" class="mw-redirect" title="Belgian diaspora">Belgians</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Flemish_people#Diaspora" title="Flemish people">Flanders</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Walloon_people#Diaspora" class="mw-redirect" title="Walloon people">Walloons</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_diaspora" title="Dutch diaspora">Dutch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_diaspora" title="French diaspora">French</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Quebec_diaspora" title="Quebec diaspora">Quebecois</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breton_people#Breton_diaspora" class="mw-redirect" title="Breton people">Bretons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corsican_people#The_Corsican_diaspora" class="mw-redirect" title="Corsican people">Corsicans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luxembourgers#Location" title="Luxembourgers">Luxembourgers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Comprehensive group</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Americans" title="European Americans">America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argentines_of_European_descent" title="Argentines of European descent">Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Australians" title="European Australians">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_Brazilians" title="White Brazilians">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Canadians" title="European Canadians">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Moroccans" title="European Moroccans">Morocco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_New_Zealanders" title="European New Zealanders">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Pakistanis" title="European Pakistanis">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peruvians_of_European_descent" title="Peruvians of European descent">Peru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Tunisians" title="European Tunisians">Tunisia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venezuelans_of_European_descent" title="Venezuelans of European descent">Venezuela</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=&#124;link=_Albanian_diaspora" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Albanian_people" title="Template:Albanian people"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Albanian_people" title="Template talk:Albanian people"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Albanian_people" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Albanian people"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=&#124;link=_Albanian_diaspora" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Albania.svg/21px-Flag_of_Albania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Albania.svg/32px-Flag_of_Albania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Albania.svg/42px-Flag_of_Albania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></span> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Albanian diaspora</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Albania" title="Demographics of Albania">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanians_in_Austria" title="Albanians in Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanians_in_Bulgaria" title="Albanians in Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanians_in_Belgium" title="Albanians in Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanians_in_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Albanians in Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanians_of_Croatia" title="Albanians of Croatia">Croatia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arbanasi_people" title="Arbanasi people">Arbanasi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanians_in_Denmark" class="mw-redirect" title="Albanians in Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanians_in_Finland" class="mw-redirect" title="Albanians in Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanians_in_France" title="Albanians in France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanians_in_Germany" title="Albanians in Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanians_in_Greece" title="Albanians in Greece">Greece</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albanians_of_Western_Thrace" title="Albanians of Western Thrace">Albanians of Western Thrace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cham_Albanians" title="Cham Albanians">Cham</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanians_in_Hungary" title="Albanians in Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanians_in_Italy" title="Albanians in Italy">Italy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arb%C3%ABresh%C3%AB_people" title="Arbëreshë people">Arbëreshë</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanians_in_Kosovo" class="mw-redirect" title="Albanians in Kosovo">Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanians_in_Montenegro" title="Albanians in Montenegro">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanians_in_the_Netherlands" title="Albanians in the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanians_in_North_Macedonia" title="Albanians in North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanians_in_Norway" class="mw-redirect" title="Albanians in Norway">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanians_of_Romania" class="mw-redirect" title="Albanians of Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanians_in_Serbia" title="Albanians in Serbia">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanians_in_Slovenia" title="Albanians in Slovenia">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanians_in_Spain" title="Albanians in Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanians_in_Sweden" class="mw-redirect" title="Albanians in Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanians_in_Switzerland" title="Albanians in Switzerland">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanians_in_Ukraine" title="Albanians in Ukraine">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanians_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Albanians in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Americas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albanians_in_South_America#Argentina" title="Albanians in South America">Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_Canadians" class="mw-redirect" title="Albanian Canadians">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanians_in_South_America#Chile" title="Albanians in South America">Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_Americans" title="Albanian Americans">United States</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albanians_in_Syria" title="Albanians in Syria">Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanians_in_Turkey" title="Albanians in Turkey">Turkey</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albanians_in_Egypt" title="Albanians in Egypt">Egypt</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Oceania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_Australians" title="Albanian Australians">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_New_Zealanders" title="Albanian New Zealanders">New Zealand</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img 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href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Albania_articles" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Albania_topics" title="Template:Albania topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Albania_topics" title="Template talk:Albania topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Albania_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Albania topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Albania_articles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Albania" title="Albania">Albania</a> <a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Albania" title="Outline of Albania">articles</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Albania" title="History of Albania">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Illyrians" title="Illyrians">Illyrians</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ardiaei" title="Ardiaei">Ardiaei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanoi" title="Albanoi">Albanoi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amantes_(tribe)" title="Amantes (tribe)">Amantes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amantini" title="Amantini">Amantini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balaites" title="Balaites">Balaites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bylliones" title="Bylliones">Bylliones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dassaretii" title="Dassaretii">Dassaretii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enchele" title="Enchele">Enchele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labeatae" title="Labeatae">Labeatae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parthini" title="Parthini">Parthini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taulantii" title="Taulantii">Taulantii</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Albanian_principalities" title="Albanian principalities">Middle Ages</a><br />(1190–1385)<br /></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Principality_of_Arbanon" title="Principality of Arbanon">Principality of Arbanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Albania_(medieval)" title="Kingdom of Albania (medieval)">Kingdom of Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Despotate_of_Arta" title="Despotate of Arta">Despotate of Arta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Kastrioti" title="House of Kastrioti">House of Kastrioti</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Albania_under_the_Ottoman_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Albania under the Ottoman Empire">Ottoman period</a><br />(1385–1912)<br /></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Skanderbeg%27s_rebellion" title="Skanderbeg's rebellion">Skanderbeg's rebellion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/League_of_Lezh%C3%AB" title="League of Lezhë">League of Lezhë</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanun_(Albania)" title="Kanun (Albania)">Kanun of Lekë Dukagjini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arb%C3%ABni_Council" title="Arbëni Council">Arbëni Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamization_of_Albania" title="Islamization of Albania">Islamization of Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_Pashaliks" title="Albanian Pashaliks">Albanian Pashaliks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massacre_of_the_Albanian_Beys" title="Massacre of the Albanian Beys">Massacre of the Albanian Beys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_revolts_of_1833%E2%80%931839" title="Albanian revolts of 1833–1839">Revolts of 1833–1839</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uprising_of_Dervish_Cara" title="Uprising of Dervish Cara">Uprising of Dervish Cara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_National_Awakening" title="Albanian National Awakening">Albanian National Awakening</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/League_of_Prizren" title="League of Prizren">League of Prizren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congress_of_Manastir" title="Congress of Manastir">Congress of Manastir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_revolt_of_1910" title="Albanian revolt of 1910">Revolt of 1910</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malissori_uprising" title="Malissori uprising">Malissori uprising</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taksim_meeting" title="Taksim meeting">Taksim meeting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_revolt_of_1912" title="Albanian revolt of 1912">Revolt of 1912</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kimza_Government" title="Kimza Government">Kimza Government</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Independent_Albania" title="Independent Albania">Independence</a><br />(1912–present)<br /></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_Declaration_of_Independence" title="Albanian Declaration of Independence">Declaration of Independence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Himni_i_Flamurit" title="Himni i Flamurit">Anthem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provisional_Government_of_Albania" title="Provisional Government of Albania">Provisional Government of Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albania_during_the_Balkan_Wars" title="Albania during the Balkan Wars">Albania during the Balkan Wars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Central_Albania" title="Republic of Central Albania">Republic of Central Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Principality_of_Albania" title="Principality of Albania">Principality of Albania (1914–25)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_War_I_in_Albania" title="World War I in Albania">World War I in Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_Province_of_Kor%C3%A7%C3%AB" title="Autonomous Province of Korçë">Autonomous Province of Korçë</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_protectorate_over_Albania" title="Italian protectorate over Albania">Italian protectorate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vlora_War" title="Vlora War">Vlora War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Mirdita" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of Mirdita">Republic of Mirdita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_Republic_(1925%E2%80%931928)" title="Albanian Republic (1925–1928)">Albanian Republic (1925–1928)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_Kingdom_(1928%E2%80%931939)" title="Albanian Kingdom (1928–1939)">Albanian Kingdom (1928–1939)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_protectorate_of_Albania_(1939%E2%80%931943)" title="Italian protectorate of Albania (1939–1943)">Union with Italian kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_invasion_of_Albania" title="Italian invasion of Albania">Italian invasion of Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_occupation_of_Albania" title="German occupation of Albania">German Nazi occupation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Holocaust_in_Albania" title="The Holocaust in Albania">The Holocaust in Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_War_II_in_Albania" title="World War II in Albania">Albanian resistance during World War II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Socialist_Republic_of_Albania" title="People's Socialist Republic of Albania">Communist Albania (1946–91)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_Orthography_Congress" title="Albanian Orthography Congress">Orthography Congress (1972)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Post-Communist_Albania" title="History of Post-Communist Albania">Post-Communist Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_Albanian_civil_unrest" title="1997 Albanian civil unrest">1997 Civil Unrest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albania%E2%80%93NATO_relations" title="Albania–NATO relations">NATO membership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Accession_of_Albania_to_the_European_Union" title="Accession of Albania to the European Union">EU Accession</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Origin_of_the_Albanians" title="Origin of the Albanians">Origins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Albanian_history" title="Timeline of Albanian history">Timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_archives_in_Albania" title="List of archives in Albania">Archives</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Albania" title="Albania"><img alt="Albania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Coat_of_arms_of_Albania.svg/50px-Coat_of_arms_of_Albania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="76" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Coat_of_arms_of_Albania.svg/75px-Coat_of_arms_of_Albania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Coat_of_arms_of_Albania.svg/100px-Coat_of_arms_of_Albania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="251" data-file-height="383" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Albania" title="Geography of Albania">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;">Landscape</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mountains_in_Albania" title="List of mountains in Albania">Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_Albania" title="List of rivers of Albania">Rivers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_lakes_of_Albania" title="List of lakes of Albania">Lakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Albania" title="List of islands of Albania">Islands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Environment_of_Albania" title="Environment of Albania">Environment</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Albania" title="Climate of Albania">Climate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biodiversity_of_Albania" title="Biodiversity of Albania">Biodiversity</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Fauna_of_Albania" title="Category:Fauna of Albania">Habitat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protected_areas_of_Albania" title="Protected areas of Albania">Protected areas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Albania" title="Politics of Albania">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;">Executive</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Ministers_(Albania)" title="Council of Ministers (Albania)">Government</a> <i>(<a href="/wiki/Category:Government_agencies_of_Albania" title="Category:Government agencies of Albania">agencies</a>)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Albania" title="President of Albania">Head of state</a> <i>(<a href="/wiki/List_of_heads_of_state_of_Albania" title="List of heads of state of Albania">list</a>)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Albania" title="Prime Minister of Albania">Prime Minister</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Albania" title="Foreign relations of Albania">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Albania" title="List of political parties in Albania">Political parties</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Treaties_of_Albania" title="Category:Treaties of Albania">Treaties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visa_policy_of_Albania" title="Visa policy of Albania">Visa policy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Judiciary_of_Albania" title="Judiciary of Albania">Judiciary</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Vetting_Institutions" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;">Vetting Institutions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Special_Appellate_College_(Albania)" title="Special Appellate College (Albania)">KPA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institution_of_Public_Commissioners_(Albania)" title="Institution of Public Commissioners (Albania)">IKP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Monitoring_Operation_(Albania)" title="International Monitoring Operation (Albania)">ONM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_Qualification_Commission_(Albania)" title="Independent Qualification Commission (Albania)">KPK</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Albania" title="Constitution of Albania">Constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corruption_in_Albania" title="Corruption in Albania">Corruption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EURALIUS" title="EURALIUS">EURALIUS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SPAK" class="mw-redirect" title="SPAK">SPAK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prosecutor_General_(Albania)" title="Prosecutor General (Albania)">Prosecutor General</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Albania" title="Administrative divisions of Albania">Subdivisions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/NUTS_statistical_regions_of_Albania" title="NUTS statistical regions of Albania">NUTS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Counties_of_Albania" title="Counties of Albania">Counties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_Albania" title="Municipalities of Albania">Municipalities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_and_towns_in_Albania" title="List of cities and towns in Albania">Cities and towns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communes_of_Albania" title="Communes of Albania">Communes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villages_of_Albania" title="Villages of Albania">Villages</a></li> <li><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Maps_of_Albania" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Maps of Albania">Maps</a></li> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;">Legislature</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Albania" title="Elections in Albania">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Albania" title="Parliament of Albania">Assembly</a> <i>(<a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_Parliament_of_Albania" title="Speaker of the Parliament of Albania">speakers</a>)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Lists_of_members_of_the_Parliament_of_Albania" title="Category:Lists of members of the Parliament of Albania">Members</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Opposition_(Albania)" title="Leader of the Opposition (Albania)">Opposition</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Albania" title="Human rights in Albania">Human rights</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Albania" title="Abortion in Albania">Abortion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Albania" title="Capital punishment in Albania">Capital punishment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_assassinations_in_Albania" title="List of assassinations in Albania">Assassinations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Albania" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Albania">LGBT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avokati_i_Popullit" title="Avokati i Popullit">Ombudsman</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;">Security</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_Armed_Forces" title="Albanian Armed Forces">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_Police_(Albania)" title="State Police (Albania)">Police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_mafia" title="Albanian mafia">Organized crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prisons_in_Albania" title="Prisons in Albania">Prisons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Border_crossings_of_Albania" title="Border crossings of Albania">Border crossings</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Albania" title="Economy of Albania">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;">Finance</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Banking_in_Albania" title="Banking in Albania">Banking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_lek" title="Albanian lek">Lek <span style="font-size:85%;">(currency)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taxation_in_Albania" title="Taxation in Albania">Taxation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trade_unions_in_Albania" title="Trade unions in Albania">Trade unions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_Supreme_Audit_(Albania)" title="State Supreme Audit (Albania)">State Supreme Audit</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;">Retail</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_shopping_malls_in_Albania" title="List of shopping malls in Albania">Shopping centers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_supermarket_chains_in_Albania" title="List of supermarket chains in Albania">Supermarkets</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;">Industry</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Albania" title="Agriculture in Albania">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_Albania" title="Healthcare in Albania">Healthcare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_companies_of_Albania" title="List of companies of Albania">Companies</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_Albania" title="Renewable energy in Albania">Energy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Operators" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;">Operators</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_Power_Corporation" title="Albanian Power Corporation">KESH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transmission_System_Operator_(Albania)" title="Transmission System Operator (Albania)">OST</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operatori_i_Shp%C3%ABrndarjes_s%C3%AB_Energjis%C3%AB_Elektrike" title="Operatori i Shpërndarjes së Energjisë Elektrike">OSHEE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_Regulatory_Authority_(Albania)" title="Energy Regulatory Authority (Albania)">ERE</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_power_stations_in_Albania" title="List of power stations in Albania">Hydropower plants</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;">Natural resources</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_oil_and_gas_fields_in_Albania" title="List of oil and gas fields in Albania">Oil and gas</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Mining_in_Albania" title="Category:Mining in Albania">Mining</a></li> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;">Infrastructure</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Highways_in_Albania" title="Highways in Albania">Highways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_airports_in_Albania" title="List of airports in Albania">Aviation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ports_in_Albania" title="List of ports in Albania">Ports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_Albania" title="Rail transport in Albania">Railways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_bridges_in_Albania" title="List of bridges in Albania">Bridges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tunnels_in_Albania" title="List of tunnels in Albania">Tunnels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tallest_buildings_in_Albania" title="List of tallest buildings in Albania">Highrises</a> <i>(<a href="/wiki/List_of_tallest_structures_in_Albania" title="List of tallest structures in Albania">structures</a>)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Albania" title="Telecommunications in Albania">Telecommunications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Posta_Shqiptare" title="Posta Shqiptare">Posta Shqiptare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Squatting_in_Albania" title="Squatting in Albania">Squatting</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Albania" title="Tourism in Albania">Tourism</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Monuments" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;">Monuments</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_archaeological_sites_in_Albania" title="List of archaeological sites in Albania">Archaeological sites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_castles_in_Albania" title="List of castles in Albania">Castles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mosques_in_Albania" title="List of mosques in Albania">Mosques</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tekkes_in_Albania" title="List of tekkes in Albania">Tekkes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_churches_in_Albania" title="List of churches in Albania">Churches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_lighthouses_in_Albania" title="List of lighthouses in Albania">Lighthouses</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_Adriatic_Sea_Coast" title="Albanian Adriatic Sea Coast">Adriatic Sea Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_Ionian_Sea_Coast" title="Albanian Ionian Sea Coast">Ionian Sea Coast</a> <i>(<a href="/wiki/Albanian_Riviera" title="Albanian Riviera">riviera</a>)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_beaches_in_Albania" title="List of beaches in Albania">Beaches</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:High-contrast-camera-photo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/High-contrast-camera-photo.svg/17px-High-contrast-camera-photo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/High-contrast-camera-photo.svg/26px-High-contrast-camera-photo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/High-contrast-camera-photo.svg/34px-High-contrast-camera-photo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Photographs_of_Albania" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Photographs of Albania">Images of Albania</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Society_of_Albania" title="Category:Society of Albania">Society</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Albanians" title="Albanians">People</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Albania" title="Demographics of Albania">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Census_in_Albania" title="Census in Albania">Census</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_tribes" title="Albanian tribes">Tribes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_nobility" title="Albanian nobility">Noble families</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Diaspora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_Albania" title="Women in Albania">Women</a></li> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Albanian_culture" class="mw-redirect" title="Albanian culture">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Albanian_art" title="Albanian art">Art</a> <small><a href="/wiki/List_of_art_galleries_in_Albania" title="List of art galleries in Albania">(galleries)</a></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_Albania" title="Architecture of Albania">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Photography_in_Albania" title="Photography in Albania">Photography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_museums_in_Albania" title="List of museums in Albania">Museums</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_theatres_in_Albania" title="List of theatres in Albania">Theatres</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Albania" title="Education in Albania">Education</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_alphabet" title="Albanian alphabet">Alphabet</a> <ul><li><small><a href="/wiki/Category:Albanian_scripts" title="Category:Albanian scripts">scripts</a></small></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abetare" title="Abetare">Abetare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_language" title="Albanian language">Language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_literature" title="Albanian literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Research_institutes_in_Albania" title="Category:Research institutes in Albania">Research institutes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_libraries_in_Albania" title="List of libraries in Albania">Libraries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_universities_in_Albania" title="List of universities in Albania">Universities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_publishing_companies_of_Albania" title="List of publishing companies of Albania">Publishers</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Wikiquote page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/13px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/20px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/27px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></span></span> <a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Albanian_proverbs" class="extiw" title="wikiquote:Albanian proverbs">Proverbs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanology" title="Albanology">Albanology</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;">Tradition</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_folk_beliefs" class="mw-redirect" title="Albanian folk beliefs">Folk beliefs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Besa_(Albanian_culture)" title="Besa (Albanian culture)">Besa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oda_(Albania)" title="Oda (Albania)">Oda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secularism_in_Albania" title="Secularism in Albania">Secularism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Albania" title="Religion in Albania">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nevruz_in_Albania" title="Nevruz in Albania">Nevruz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balkan_sworn_virgins" title="Balkan sworn virgins">Sworn virgins</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Traditional_Albanian_clothing" title="Traditional Albanian clothing">Costumes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Qeleshe" title="Qeleshe">Qeleshe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fustanella" title="Fustanella">Fustanella</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xhubleta" title="Xhubleta">Xhubleta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brez_(clothing)" title="Brez (clothing)">Brez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opinga" title="Opinga">Opinga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xhamadan" title="Xhamadan">Xhamadan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Albanian_cuisine" title="Albanian cuisine">Cuisine</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiktionary-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Wiktionary page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/16px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/24px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/32px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="370" data-file-height="350" /></a></span> <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/gjell%C3%AB" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:gjellë">Gjellë</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tav%C3%AB_kosi" title="Tavë kosi">Tavë kosi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kabuni" title="Kabuni">Kabuni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rakia" title="Rakia">Raki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beer_in_Albania" class="mw-redirect" title="Beer in Albania">Beer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_wine" title="Albanian wine">Wine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cognac_Sk%C3%ABnderbeu" title="Cognac Skënderbeu">Cognac Skënderbeu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;">Sports</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;">Football</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albania_national_football_team" title="Albania national football team">National team</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_football_clubs_in_Albania" title="List of football clubs in Albania">Clubs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Albania_international_footballers" title="List of Albania international footballers">Players</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_stadiums_in_Albania" title="List of stadiums in Albania">Stadiums</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;">Other sports</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_Weightlifting_Federation" title="Albanian Weightlifting Federation">Weightlifting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_Athletics_Federation" title="Albanian Athletics Federation">Athletics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_Cycling_Federation" title="Albanian Cycling Federation">Cycling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_Basketball_Federation" title="Albanian Basketball Federation">Basketball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_Volleyball_Federation" title="Albanian Volleyball Federation">Volleyball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_Swimming_Federation" title="Albanian Swimming Federation">Swimming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albania_at_the_Olympics" title="Albania at the Olympics">Olympics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_indoor_arenas_in_Albania" title="List of indoor arenas in Albania">Indoor arenas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;">Entertainment</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Albania" title="Music of Albania">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_in_Albania" title="Television in Albania">Television</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_radio_stations_in_Albania" title="List of radio stations in Albania">Radio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Albania" title="Cinema of Albania">Cinema</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Symbols_of_Albania" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Symbols of Albania">Symbols</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_heraldry" title="Albanian heraldry">Heraldry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Albania" title="Flag of Albania">Flag</a> <i>(<a href="/wiki/List_of_Albanian_flags" title="List of Albanian flags">list</a>)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Albania" title="Coat of arms of Albania">Coat of arms</a> <i>(<a href="/wiki/Armorial_of_Albania" title="Armorial of Albania">armorial</a>)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epitaph_of_Gllavenica" title="Epitaph of Gllavenica">Epitaph of Gllavenica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_Sign_Language" title="Albanian Sign Language">Sign language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orders,_decorations_and_medals_of_Albania" class="mw-redirect" title="Orders, decorations and medals of Albania">Orders, decorations and medals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_passport" title="Albanian passport">Passport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/.al" title=".al">.al</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_Albania" title="Public holidays in Albania">Public holidays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smoking_in_Albania" title="Smoking in Albania">Smoking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Copyright_law_of_Albania" title="Copyright law of Albania">Copyright law</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="font-weight:bold;"><div><div style="margin-bottom:-0.4em;"><ul><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Albania" title="Outline of Albania">Outline</a></span></li><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Albania" title="Outline of Albania">Index</a></span></li><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Bibliography_of_Albania" title="Bibliography of Albania">Bibliography</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Albania" title="Category:Albania">Category</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img 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