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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Overview" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Overview"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Overview</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Overview-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Union_Republics_of_the_Soviet_Union" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Union_Republics_of_the_Soviet_Union"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Union Republics of the Soviet Union</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Union_Republics_of_the_Soviet_Union-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Union Republics of the Soviet Union subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Union_Republics_of_the_Soviet_Union-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Short-lived_Union_Republics_of_the_Soviet_Union" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Short-lived_Union_Republics_of_the_Soviet_Union"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Short-lived Union Republics of the Soviet Union</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Short-lived_Union_Republics_of_the_Soviet_Union-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Republics_not_recognized_by_the_Soviet_Union" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Republics_not_recognized_by_the_Soviet_Union"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Republics not recognized by the Soviet Union</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Republics_not_recognized_by_the_Soviet_Union-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_non-union_Soviet_republics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_non-union_Soviet_republics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Other non-union Soviet republics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_non-union_Soviet_republics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_defunct_Soviet_states" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_defunct_Soviet_states"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Other defunct Soviet states</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_defunct_Soviet_states-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Autonomous_Republics_of_the_Soviet_Union" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Autonomous_Republics_of_the_Soviet_Union"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Autonomous Republics of the Soviet Union</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Autonomous_Republics_of_the_Soviet_Union-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Autonomous Republics of the Soviet Union subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Autonomous_Republics_of_the_Soviet_Union-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Former_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republics_of_the_Soviet_Union" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Former_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republics_of_the_Soviet_Union"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Former Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republics of the Soviet Union</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Former_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republics_of_the_Soviet_Union-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Dissolution of the Soviet Union</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Republics of the Soviet Union</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 53 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-53" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">53 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republieke_van_die_Sowjetunie" title="Republieke van die Sowjetunie – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Republieke van die Sowjetunie" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%87%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%AA%D9%8A" title="جمهوريات الاتحاد السوفيتي – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="جمهوريات الاتحاد السوفيتي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rep%C3%BAbliques_de_la_Xuni%C3%B3n_Sovi%C3%A9tica" title="Repúbliques de la Xunión Soviética – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Repúbliques de la Xunión Soviética" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sovet_sosialist_respublikalar%C4%B1" title="Sovet sosialist respublikaları – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Sovet sosialist respublikaları" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republik_ring_Uni_Soviet" title="Republik ring Uni Soviet – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Republik ring Uni Soviet" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/So%CD%98-li%C3%A2n_K%C3%B2%CD%98-s%C3%AAng_Ki%C5%8Dng-h%C3%B4-kok" title="So͘-liân Kò͘-sêng Kiōng-hô-kok – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="So͘-liân Kò͘-sêng Kiōng-hô-kok" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D1%96%D1%81_%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%8E%D0%B7%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85_%D1%80%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA_%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A0" title="Спіс саюзных рэспублік СССР – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Спіс саюзных рэспублік СССР" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%8C%D0%BF%D1%96%D1%81_%D1%80%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA_%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A0" title="Сьпіс рэспублік СССР – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Сьпіс рэспублік СССР" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%8A%D1%8E%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A0" title="Съюзни републики на СССР – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Съюзни републики на СССР" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rep%C3%BAbliques_de_la_Uni%C3%B3_Sovi%C3%A8tica" title="Repúbliques de la Unió Soviètica – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Repúbliques de la Unió Soviètica" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republiky_v_Sov%C4%9Btsk%C3%A9m_svazu" title="Republiky v Sovětském svazu – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Republiky v Sovětském svazu" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sovjetrepublik" title="Sovjetrepublik – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Sovjetrepublik" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unionsrepublik" title="Unionsrepublik – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Unionsrepublik" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liiduvabariik" title="Liiduvabariik – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Liiduvabariik" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CE%BF%CF%83%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%B9%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%94%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%BF%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%AF%CE%B5%CF%82_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%A3%CE%BF%CE%B2%CE%B9%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE%CF%82_%CE%88%CE%BD%CF%89%CF%83%CE%B7%CF%82" title="Σοσιαλιστικές Δημοκρατίες της Σοβιετικής Ένωσης – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Σοσιαλιστικές Δημοκρατίες της Σοβιετικής Ένωσης" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rep%C3%BAblicas_de_la_Uni%C3%B3n_Sovi%C3%A9tica" title="Repúblicas de la Unión Soviética – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Repúblicas de la Unión Soviética" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Respublikoj_de_Sovetunio" title="Respublikoj de Sovetunio – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Respublikoj de Sovetunio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%87%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AF_%D8%AC%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%87%DB%8C%D8%B1_%D8%B4%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%88%DB%8C" title="جمهوری‌های اتحاد جماهیر شوروی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="جمهوری‌های اتحاد جماهیر شوروی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_socialiste_sovi%C3%A9tique" title="République socialiste soviétique – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="République socialiste soviétique" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%86%8C%EB%A0%A8%EC%9D%98_%EA%B3%B5%ED%99%94%EA%B5%AD" title="소련의 공화국 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="소련의 공화국" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%98_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="सोवियत संघ के गणतंत्र – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="सोवियत संघ के गणतंत्र" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republik_di_Uni_Soviet" title="Republik di Uni Soviet – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Republik di Uni Soviet" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Repubbliche_dell%27Unione_Sovietica" title="Repubbliche dell'Unione Sovietica – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Repubbliche dell'Unione Sovietica" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A8%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%91%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%A2%D7%A6%D7%95%D7%AA" title="רפובליקות ברית המועצות – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="רפובליקות ברית המועצות" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Padomju_Soci%C4%81listisk%C4%81s_Republikas" title="Padomju Sociālistiskās Republikas – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Padomju Sociālistiskās Republikas" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taryb%C5%B3_S%C4%85jungos_respublikos" title="Tarybų Sąjungos respublikos – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Tarybų Sąjungos respublikos" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%98%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%BE%D1%82_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Републики на Сојузот на Советските Социјалистички Републики – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Републики на Сојузот на Советските Социјалистички Републики" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republik_Kesatuan_Soviet" title="Republik Kesatuan Soviet – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Republik Kesatuan Soviet" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialistische_sovjetrepubliek" title="Socialistische sovjetrepubliek – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Socialistische sovjetrepubliek" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%BD%E3%83%93%E3%82%A8%E3%83%88%E9%80%A3%E9%82%A6%E6%A7%8B%E6%88%90%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="ソビエト連邦構成共和国 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ソビエト連邦構成共和国" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sovjetrepublikk" title="Sovjetrepublikk – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Sovjetrepublikk" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/SSRI_ittifoq_respublikalari_ro%CA%BByxati" title="SSRI ittifoq respublikalari roʻyxati – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="SSRI ittifoq respublikalari roʻyxati" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%AA_%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%86_%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%A7%DA%BA_%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%DA%BA" title="سوویت یونین دیاں ریاستاں – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="سوویت یونین دیاں ریاستاں" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF_%D8%B4%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AF_%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%87%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86%D9%87" title="د شوروي اتحاد جمهوریتونه – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="د شوروي اتحاد جمهوریتونه" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republiki_ZSRR" title="Republiki ZSRR – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Republiki ZSRR" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rep%C3%BAblicas_da_Uni%C3%A3o_Sovi%C3%A9tica" title="Repúblicas da União Soviética – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Repúblicas da União Soviética" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republicile_Uniunii_Sovietice" title="Republicile Uniunii Sovietice – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Republicile Uniunii Sovietice" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BA_%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%8E%D0%B7%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85_%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A0" title="Список союзных республик СССР – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Список союзных республик СССР" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A0%D0%A1_%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D1%82%D0%B8%D2%BB%D0%B8%D0%B3%D1%8D" title="ССРС республикаларын тиһигэ – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="ССРС республикаларын тиһигэ" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republikat_e_Bashkimit_Sovjetik" title="Republikat e Bashkimit Sovjetik – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Republikat e Bashkimit Sovjetik" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republics_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Republics of the Soviet Union – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Republics of the Soviet Union" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%98%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B5_%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B5_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B5" title="Совјетске социјалистичке републике – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Совјетске социјалистичке републике" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuvostotasavalta" title="Neuvostotasavalta – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Neuvostotasavalta" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sovjetrepublik" title="Sovjetrepublik – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Sovjetrepublik" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mga_Republika_ng_Unyong_Sobyetika" title="Mga Republika ng Unyong Sobyetika – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Mga Republika ng Unyong Sobyetika" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%93%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%9E%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%8B%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%95" title="สาธารณรัฐของสหภาพโซเวียต – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="สาธารณรัฐของสหภาพโซเวียต" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sovyetler_Birli%C4%9Fi%27nin_cumhuriyetleri_listesi" title="Sovyetler Birliği'nin cumhuriyetleri listesi – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Sovyetler Birliği'nin cumhuriyetleri listesi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BA_%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%8E%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%85_%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA_%D0%A1%D0%A0%D0%A1%D0%A0" title="Список союзних республік СРСР – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Список союзних республік СРСР" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AF_%DA%A9%DB%8C_%D8%AC%D9%85%DB%81%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="سوویت اتحاد کی جمہوریات – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="سوویت اتحاد کی جمہوریات" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%A1c_n%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bc_c%E1%BB%99ng_h%C3%B2a_c%E1%BB%A7a_Li%C3%AAn_bang_X%C3%B4_vi%E1%BA%BFt" title="Các nước cộng hòa của Liên bang Xô viết – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Các nước cộng hòa của Liên bang Xô viết" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%80w%E1%BB%8Dn_Or%C3%ADl%E1%BA%B9%CC%80-%C3%A8d%C3%A8_Ol%C3%B3m%C3%ACnira_%C3%8Cs%E1%BB%8D%CC%80kan_S%C3%B3f%C3%AC%E1%BA%B9%CC%80t%C3%AC" title="Àwọn Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Ìsọ̀kan Sófìẹ̀tì – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Àwọn Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Ìsọ̀kan Sófìẹ̀tì" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%98%87%E8%81%AF%E5%8A%A0%E7%9B%9F%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B" title="蘇聯加盟共和國 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="蘇聯加盟共和國" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E8%81%94%E5%8A%A0%E7%9B%9F%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="苏联加盟共和国 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="苏联加盟共和国" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Redirected from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Union_republic&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Union republic">Union republic</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Top-level political division of the Soviet Union</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Soviet Republic" redirects here. For the type of government, see <a href="/wiki/Soviet_republic" title="Soviet republic">Soviet republic</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"SFSR" redirects here. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/SFSR_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="SFSR (disambiguation)">SFSR (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent" style="float: right; width: ;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above summary" style="font-size: 125%; background-color: #F0F0F0; vertical-align: middle">Republics of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Soviet_Union_Administrative_Divisions_1989.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Soviet_Union_Administrative_Divisions_1989.jpg/330px-Soviet_Union_Administrative_Divisions_1989.jpg" decoding="async" width="330" height="230" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Soviet_Union_Administrative_Divisions_1989.jpg/495px-Soviet_Union_Administrative_Divisions_1989.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Soviet_Union_Administrative_Divisions_1989.jpg/660px-Soviet_Union_Administrative_Divisions_1989.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1887" data-file-height="1313" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;">Category</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Federated_state" title="Federated state">Federated state</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;">Location</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;">Created by</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Treaty_on_the_Creation_of_the_USSR" class="mw-redirect" title="Treaty on the Creation of the USSR">Treaty on the Creation of the USSR</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;">Created</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>30 December 1922</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;">Abolished by</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>• <a href="/wiki/State_Council_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="State Council of the Soviet Union">State Council</a> recognition of the <a href="/wiki/State_continuity_of_the_Baltic_states" title="State continuity of the Baltic states">Baltic states' independence</a></li><li>• <a href="/wiki/Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Dissolution of the Soviet Union">Declaration no. 142-Н</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;">Abolished</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>26 December 1991</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;">Number</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">21 (as of 1933)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;">Populations</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">Smallest: 1,565,662 (<a href="/wiki/Estonian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic">Estonian SSR</a>)<br />Largest: 147,386,000 (<a href="/wiki/Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic" title="Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic">Russian SFSR</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;">Areas</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">Smallest: 29,800 km<sup>2</sup> (11,500 sq mi) (<a href="/wiki/Armenian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic">Armenian SSR</a>)<br />Largest: 17,075,400 km<sup>2</sup> (6,592,800 sq mi) (<a href="/wiki/Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic" title="Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic">Russian SFSR</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;">Government</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/One-party_state" title="One-party state">One-party</a> <a 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href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title" style="background:#db3030; color:white; padding:0; font-size:150%;"><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Bloc" title="Eastern Bloc"><span style="color:white;">Eastern Bloc</span></a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image" style="padding:.5em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Warsaw_Pact_Logo.svg/120px-Warsaw_Pact_Logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Warsaw_Pact_Logo.svg/180px-Warsaw_Pact_Logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Warsaw_Pact_Logo.svg/240px-Warsaw_Pact_Logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="721" data-file-height="860" /></span></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#db3030; color:white; padding:.1em 0 0 .4em;;color: var(--color-base)"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#FFFFFF"><a class="mw-selflink selflink"><span style="color:white;">Republics</span></a> of the <a href="/wiki/USSR" class="mw-redirect" title="USSR"><span style="color:white;">USSR</span></a></span></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byelorussian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic">Byelorussia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estonian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazakh_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirghiz_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Kirghiz Soviet Socialist Republic">Kirghizia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latvian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithuanian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moldavian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic">Moldavia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic" title="Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tajik_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic">Tajikistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkmen_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic">Turkmenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uzbek_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic">Uzbekistan</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#db3030; color:white; padding:.1em 0 0 .4em;;color: var(--color-base)"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#FFFFFF">Allied and satellite states</span></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Republic_of_Afghanistan" title="Democratic Republic of Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Socialist_Republic_of_Albania" title="People's Socialist Republic of Albania">Albania</a> (until 1961)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_Angola" title="People's Republic of Angola">Angola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_Benin" title="People's Republic of Benin">Benin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_Bulgaria" title="People's Republic of Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a> (until 1961)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="People's Republic of the Congo">Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czechoslovak_Socialist_Republic" title="Czechoslovak Socialist Republic">Czechoslovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Germany" title="East Germany">East Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Democratic_Republic_of_Ethiopia" title="People's Democratic Republic of Ethiopia">Ethiopia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Revolutionary_Government" class="mw-redirect" title="People's Revolutionary Government">Grenada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_People%27s_Republic" title="Hungarian People's Republic">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_Kampuchea" title="People's Republic of Kampuchea">Kampuchea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laos" title="Laos">Laos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongolian_People%27s_Republic" title="Mongolian People's Republic">Mongolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_Mozambique" title="People's Republic of Mozambique">Mozambique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Korea" title="North Korea">North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_People%27s_Republic" title="Polish People's Republic">Poland</a> (until 1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Republic_of_Romania" title="Socialist Republic of Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somali_Democratic_Republic" title="Somali Democratic Republic">Somalia</a> (until 1977)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Yemen" title="South Yemen">South Yemen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a> (<a href="/wiki/North_Vietnam" title="North Vietnam">North Vietnam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Provisional_Revolutionary_Government_of_the_Republic_of_South_Vietnam" title="Provisional Revolutionary Government of the Republic of South Vietnam">PRG</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia" title="Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia">Yugoslavia</a> (until 1948)</li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#db3030; color:white; padding:.1em 0 0 .4em;;color: var(--color-base)"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#FFFFFF">Related organizations</span></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Warsaw_Pact" title="Warsaw Pact">Warsaw Pact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comecon" title="Comecon">Comecon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cominform" title="Cominform">Cominform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Federation_of_Trade_Unions" title="World Federation of Trade Unions">World Federation of Trade Unions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Federation_of_Democratic_Youth" title="World Federation of Democratic Youth">World Federation of Democratic Youth</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#db3030; color:white; padding:.1em 0 0 .4em;;color: var(--color-base)"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#FFFFFF"><a href="/wiki/Anti-communist_insurgencies_in_Central_and_Eastern_Europe" title="Anti-communist insurgencies in Central and Eastern Europe"><span style="color:white;">Opposition</span></a></span></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks" style="background-color: transparent; color: var( --color-base ); border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:transparent;padding-bottom:0;"> <a href="/wiki/Anti-Soviet_partisans" title="Anti-Soviet partisans">Anti-Soviet partisans</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Valuable" title="Operation Valuable">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goryani" title="Goryani">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crusaders_(guerrilla)" title="Crusaders (guerrilla)">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-communist_resistance_in_Poland_(1944%E2%80%931953)" title="Anti-communist resistance in Poland (1944–1953)">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_anti-communist_resistance_movement" title="Romanian anti-communist resistance movement">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chetniks" title="Chetniks">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Soviet_resistance_by_the_Ukrainian_Insurgent_Army" title="Anti-Soviet resistance by the Ukrainian Insurgent Army">Ukraine</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:transparent;padding-bottom:0;"> <a href="/wiki/Guerrilla_war_in_the_Baltic_states" title="Guerrilla war in the Baltic states">Guerrilla war in the Baltic states</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Occupation_of_the_Baltic_states" title="Occupation of the Baltic states">Soviet occupation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estonian_partisans" title="Estonian partisans">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latvian_partisans" title="Latvian partisans">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithuanian_partisans" title="Lithuanian partisans">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Jungle" title="Operation Jungle">Operation Jungle</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:transparent;padding-bottom:0;"> Protests and uprisings</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-communist_resistance_in_Poland_(1944%E2%80%931989)" title="Anti-communist resistance in Poland (1944–1989)">Poland 1944–1989</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1956_Pozna%C5%84_protests" title="1956 Poznań protests">Poznań 1956</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solidarity_(Polish_trade_union)" title="Solidarity (Polish trade union)">1980–89</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1953_Plze%C5%88_uprising" title="1953 Plzeň uprising">Plzeň 1953</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_German_uprising_of_1953" title="East German uprising of 1953">East Germany 1953</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_Georgian_demonstrations" title="1956 Georgian demonstrations">Georgia 1956</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Revolution_of_1956" title="Hungarian Revolution of 1956">Hungary 1956</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novocherkassk_massacre" title="Novocherkassk massacre">Novocherkassk 1962</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prague_Spring" title="Prague Spring">Prague 1968</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Warsaw_Pact_invasion_of_Czechoslovakia" title="Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia">Invasion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1968_Red_Square_demonstration" title="1968 Red Square demonstration">Moscow</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charter_77" title="Charter 77">Czechoslovakia 1976–1990</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiu_Valley_miners%27_strike_of_1977" title="Jiu Valley miners' strike of 1977">Romania 1977</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeltoqsan" title="Jeltoqsan">Kazakhstan 1986</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bra%C8%99ov_rebellion" title="Brașov rebellion">Brașov 1987</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_9_tragedy" title="April 9 tragedy">Tbilisi 1989</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1989%E2%80%931991_Ukrainian_revolution" title="1989–1991 Ukrainian revolution">Ukraine 1989–1991</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_January" title="Black January">Baku 1990</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_Events_(Lithuania)" class="mw-redirect" title="January Events (Lithuania)">Lithuania 1991</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Barricades" title="The Barricades">Riga 1991</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:transparent;padding-bottom:0;"> <a href="/wiki/Emigration_from_the_Eastern_Bloc" title="Emigration from the Eastern Bloc">Dissent</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Soviet_dissidents" title="Soviet dissidents">Soviet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dissident_movement_in_the_People%27s_Republic_of_Poland" title="Dissident movement in the People's Republic of Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Escape_attempts_and_victims_of_the_inner_German_border" title="Escape attempts and victims of the inner German border">East Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Refugee_wave_from_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China_to_British_Hong_Kong" title="Refugee wave from the People's Republic of China to British Hong Kong">to Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Korean_defectors" title="North Korean defectors">North Korea</a></li></ul></td> </tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#db3030; color:white; padding:.1em 0 0 .4em;;color: var(--color-base)"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#FFFFFF">Cold War events</span></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marshall_Plan" title="Marshall Plan">Marshall Plan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1948_Czechoslovak_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="1948 Czechoslovak coup d'état">Czechoslovak coup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tito%E2%80%93Stalin_split" title="Tito–Stalin split">Tito–Stalin split</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berlin_Blockade" title="Berlin Blockade">Berlin Blockade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_War" title="Korean War">Korean War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/On_the_Cult_of_Personality_and_Its_Consequences" title="On the Cult of Personality and Its Consequences">Secret Speech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sino-Soviet_split" title="Sino-Soviet split">Sino-Soviet split</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian%E2%80%93Soviet_split" title="Albanian–Soviet split">Albanian–Soviet split</a></li> <li><span class="wraplinks"><a href="/wiki/De-satellization_of_the_Socialist_Republic_of_Romania" title="De-satellization of the Socialist Republic of Romania">De-satellization of the Socialist Republic of Romania</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berlin_Wall" title="Berlin Wall">Berlin Wall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuban_Missile_Crisis" title="Cuban Missile Crisis">Cuban Missile Crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnam_War" title="Vietnam War">Vietnam War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuban_intervention_in_Angola" title="Cuban intervention in Angola">Cuban intervention in Angola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soviet_invasion_of_Afghanistan" class="mw-redirect" title="Soviet invasion of Afghanistan">Afghan War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_Summer_Olympics" title="1980 Summer Olympics">1980 Moscow Olympics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1984_Summer_Olympics" title="1984 Summer Olympics">1984 Los Angeles Olympics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_War" title="Gulf War">Gulf War</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#db3030; color:white; padding:.1em 0 0 .4em;;color: var(--color-base)"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#FFFFFF">Fall</span></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Singing_Revolution" title="Singing Revolution">Singing Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_Round_Table_Agreement" title="Polish Round Table Agreement">Polish Round Table Agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutions_of_1989" title="Revolutions of 1989">Revolutions of 1989</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fall_of_the_Berlin_Wall" title="Fall of the Berlin Wall">Fall of the Berlin Wall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_Events_(Lithuania)" class="mw-redirect" title="January Events (Lithuania)">January Events</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Barricades" title="The Barricades">Barricades in Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breakup_of_Yugoslavia" title="Breakup of Yugoslavia">Breakup of Yugoslavia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_Wars" title="Yugoslav Wars">Yugoslav Wars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Dissolution of the Soviet Union">End of the Soviet Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-Soviet_conflicts" class="mw-redirect" title="Post-Soviet conflicts">Post-Soviet conflicts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fall_of_communism_in_Albania" title="Fall of communism in Albania">Fall of communism in Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dissolution_of_Czechoslovakia" title="Dissolution of Czechoslovakia">Dissolution of Czechoslovakia</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Eastern_Bloc_sidebar" title="Template:Eastern Bloc sidebar"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Eastern_Bloc_sidebar" title="Template talk:Eastern Bloc sidebar"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Eastern_Bloc_sidebar" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Eastern Bloc sidebar"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Republics of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics</b> or the <b>Union Republics</b> (Russian: <span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">Сою́зные Респу́блики</span></span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Russian" title="Romanization of Russian">romanized</a>:</small> <span title="Russian-language romanization"><i lang="ru-Latn">Soyúznye Respúbliki</i></span>) were <a href="/wiki/National_delimitation_in_the_Soviet_Union" title="National delimitation in the Soviet Union">national-based</a> administrative units of the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Union of Soviet Socialist Republics</a> (USSR).<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Soviet Union was formed in 1922 by a <a href="/wiki/Treaty_on_the_Creation_of_the_Union_of_Soviet_Socialist_Republics" title="Treaty on the Creation of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics">treaty</a> between the Soviet republics of <a href="/wiki/Byelorussian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic">Byelorussia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic" title="Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic">Russian SFSR (RSFSR)</a>, <a href="/wiki/Transcaucasian_Socialist_Federative_Soviet_Republic" title="Transcaucasian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic">Transcaucasian Federation</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic">Ukraine</a>, by which they became its constituent republics of the <a href="/wiki/Union_of_Soviet_Socialist_Republics" class="mw-redirect" title="Union of Soviet Socialist Republics">Union of Soviet Socialist Republics</a> (Soviet Union). </p><p>For most of its history, the USSR was a <a href="/wiki/One-party_state" title="One-party state">one-party state</a> led by the <a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Communist Party of the Soviet Union">Communist Party of the Soviet Union</a>. Key functions of the USSR were highly <a href="/wiki/Centralisation" title="Centralisation">centralized</a> in <a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a> until its final years, despite its nominal structure as a <a href="/wiki/Federation" title="Federation">federation</a> of republics; the light <a href="/wiki/Decentralization" title="Decentralization">decentralization</a> reforms during the era of <i><a href="/wiki/Perestroika" title="Perestroika">perestroika</a></i> (reconstruction) and <i><a href="/wiki/Glasnost" title="Glasnost">glasnost</a></i> (voice-ness, as in freedom of speech) conducted by <a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Gorbachev" title="Mikhail Gorbachev">Mikhail Gorbachev</a> as part of the <a href="/wiki/Helsinki_Accords" title="Helsinki Accords">Helsinki Accords</a> are cited as one of the factors which led to the <a href="/wiki/Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Dissolution of the Soviet Union">dissolution of the USSR</a> in 1991 as result of the <a href="/wiki/Cold_War" title="Cold War">Cold War</a> and the creation of the <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_Independent_States" title="Commonwealth of Independent States">Commonwealth of Independent States</a>. </p><p>There were two very distinct types of republics in the Soviet Union: </p> <ul><li>The larger union republics, representing the main ethnic groups of the Union and with the constitutional right to secede from it.</li> <li>The smaller autonomous republics, located within some of the union republics and representing ethnic minorities. Typically, in regard to governance, autonomous republics were subordinate to the union republics they were located in.</li></ul> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Karelo-Finnish_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Karelo-Finnish Soviet Socialist Republic">Karelo-Finnish Soviet Socialist Republic</a>, a relic of the Soviet-Finnish War (the <a href="/wiki/Winter_War" title="Winter War">Winter War</a>), became the only union republic to be deprived of its status in 1956. The decision to downgrade Karelia to an autonomous republic within the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic" title="Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic">Russian SFSR</a> was made unilaterally by the central government without consulting its population.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The official basis for downgrading the status of the republic was the changes that had occurred in the national composition of its population (about 80% of the inhabitants were <a href="/wiki/Russians" title="Russians">Russians</a>, <a href="/wiki/Belarusians" title="Belarusians">Belarusians</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ukrainians" title="Ukrainians">Ukrainians</a>), as well as the need to reduce the state apparatus, the cost of maintaining which in 1955 amounted to 19.6 million rubles.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Overview">Overview</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Republics_of_the_Soviet_Union&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Overview"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rouble-1961-Paper-1-Reverse.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Rouble-1961-Paper-1-Reverse.jpg/400px-Rouble-1961-Paper-1-Reverse.jpg" decoding="async" width="400" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Rouble-1961-Paper-1-Reverse.jpg/600px-Rouble-1961-Paper-1-Reverse.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Rouble-1961-Paper-1-Reverse.jpg/800px-Rouble-1961-Paper-1-Reverse.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4930" data-file-height="2463" /></a><figcaption>Reverse of the 1-ruble note of the 1961 series, with the value in all the official languages of the Union Republics</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/National_delimitation_in_the_Soviet_Union" title="National delimitation in the Soviet Union">National delimitation in the Soviet Union</a>, <a href="/wiki/Korenizatsiya" class="mw-redirect" title="Korenizatsiya">Korenizatsiya</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_Soviet_Union" title="Religion in the Soviet Union">Religion in the Soviet Union</a></div> <p>Chapter 8 of the <a href="/wiki/1977_Constitution_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="1977 Constitution of the Soviet Union">1977 Soviet Constitution</a> is titled as the "Soviet Union is a union state". Article 70 stated that the union was founded on principles "socialist federalism" as a result of free <a href="/wiki/Self-determination" title="Self-determination">self-determination</a> of nation and volunteer association of equal in rights soviet socialist republics. Article 71 listed all of 15 union republics that united into the Soviet Union. </p><p>According to Article 76 of the <a href="/wiki/1977_Constitution_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="1977 Constitution of the Soviet Union">1977 Soviet Constitution</a>, a Union Republic was a sovereign Soviet socialist state that had united with other Soviet Republics in the USSR. Article 78 of the Constitution stated that the territory of the union republic cannot be changed without its agreement. Article 81 of the Constitution stated that "the sovereign rights of Union Republics shall be safeguarded by the USSR".<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the final decades of its existence, the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> officially consisted of fifteen Soviet Socialist Republics (SSRs). All of them, with the exception of the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic" title="Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic">Russian SFSR</a> (until <a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic" title="Communist Party of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic">1990</a>), had their own local <a href="/wiki/Communist_party" title="Communist party">party chapters</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Communist Party of the Soviet Union">All-Union Communist Party</a>. </p><p>In 1944, amendments to the <a href="/wiki/1936_Constitution_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="1936 Constitution of the Soviet Union">All-Union Constitution</a> allowed for separate branches of the <a href="/wiki/Red_Army" title="Red Army">Red Army</a> for each Soviet Republic. They also allowed for Republic-level commissariats for foreign affairs and defense, allowing them to be recognized as <i><a href="/wiki/De_jure" title="De jure">de jure</a></i> independent states in international law. This allowed for two Soviet Republics, <a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic">Ukraine</a> and <a href="/wiki/Byelorussian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic">Byelorussia</a>, (as well as the USSR as a whole) to join the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_General_Assembly" title="United Nations General Assembly">United Nations General Assembly</a> as founding members in 1945.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Soviet currency <a href="/wiki/Soviet_ruble" title="Soviet ruble">Soviet ruble</a> banknotes all included writings in national languages of all the 15 union republics. </p><p>All of the former Republics of the Union are now independent countries, with ten of them (all except the <a href="/wiki/Baltic_states" title="Baltic states">Baltic states</a>, <a href="/wiki/Georgia_(country)" title="Georgia (country)">Georgia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a>) being very loosely organized under the heading of the <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_Independent_States" title="Commonwealth of Independent States">Commonwealth of Independent States</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Baltic_states" title="Baltic states">Baltic states</a> assert that their incorporation into the Soviet Union in 1940 (as the <a href="/wiki/Lithuanian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic">Lithuanian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Latvian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic">Latvian</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Estonian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic">Estonian SSRs</a>) under the provisions of the 1939 <a href="/wiki/Molotov%E2%80%93Ribbentrop_Pact" title="Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact">Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact</a> was <a href="/wiki/Violation_of_law" class="mw-redirect" title="Violation of law">illegal</a>, and that they therefore remained independent countries under Soviet occupation.<sup id="cite_ref-Latvia_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Latvia-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Their position is supported by the <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-EU_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EU-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the <a href="/wiki/European_Court_of_Human_Rights" title="European Court of Human Rights">European Court of Human Rights</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Court_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Court-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a> <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Human_Rights_Council" title="United Nations Human Rights Council">Human Rights Council</a><sup id="cite_ref-UN_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UN-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-USA_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USA-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In contrast, the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Russia" title="Government of Russia">Russian government</a> and state officials maintain that the Soviet annexation of the <a href="/wiki/Baltic_states" title="Baltic states">Baltic states</a> was legitimate.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><span class="anchor" id="Constitutional_status"></span> Constitutionally, the Soviet Union was a <a href="/wiki/Federation" title="Federation">federation</a>. In accordance with provisions present in <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Constitution of the Soviet Union">its Constitution</a> (versions adopted in 1924, 1936 and 1977), each republic retained the right to <a href="/wiki/Secession" title="Secession">secede</a> from the USSR. Throughout the <a href="/wiki/Cold_War" title="Cold War">Cold War</a>, this right was widely considered to be meaningless; however, the corresponding Article 72 of the 1977 Constitution was used in December 1991 to effectively dissolve the Soviet Union, when <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Belarus" title="Belarus">Belarus</a> seceded from the Union. Although the Union was <a href="/wiki/History_of_Soviet_Russia_and_the_Soviet_Union_(1917%E2%80%931927)#Creation_of_the_USSR" title="History of Soviet Russia and the Soviet Union (1917–1927)">created</a> under an initial <a href="/wiki/Ideology_of_the_Communist_Party_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Ideology of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union">ideological</a> appearance of forming a <a href="/wiki/Supranational_union" title="Supranational union">supranational union</a>, it never <a href="/wiki/De_facto" title="De facto">de facto</a> functioned as one; an example of the ambiguity is that the <a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic">Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic</a> in the 1930s officially had its own <a href="/wiki/Foreign_minister" class="mw-redirect" title="Foreign minister">foreign minister</a>, but that office did not exercise any true <a href="/wiki/Sovereignty" title="Sovereignty">sovereignty</a> apart from that of the union. The <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Constitution of the Soviet Union">Constitution of the Soviet Union</a> in its various iterations defined the union as a <a href="/wiki/Federation" title="Federation">federation</a> with the right of the republics to <a href="/wiki/Secession" title="Secession">secede</a>. This constitutional status led to the possibility of the <a href="/wiki/Parade_of_sovereignties" title="Parade of sovereignties">parade of sovereignties</a> once the republic with de facto (albeit not de jure) dominance over the other republics, <a href="/wiki/Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic" title="Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic">the Russian one</a>, developed a prevailing political notion asserting that it would be better off if it seceded. The de facto dominance of the Russian republic is the reason that various historians (for example, <a href="/wiki/Dmitri_Volkogonov" title="Dmitri Volkogonov">Dmitri Volkogonov</a> and others) have asserted that the union was a <a href="/wiki/Unitary_state" title="Unitary state">unitary state</a> in fact albeit not in law.<sup id="cite_ref-Volkogonov-1998_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Volkogonov-1998-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 71, 483">: 71, 483 </span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Butler-2002_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Butler-2002-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In practice, the USSR was a highly centralised entity from its creation in 1922 until the mid-1980s when political forces unleashed by reforms undertaken by <a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Gorbachev" title="Mikhail Gorbachev">Mikhail Gorbachev</a> resulted in the loosening of central control and <a href="/wiki/Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Dissolution of the Soviet Union">its ultimate dissolution</a>. Under the constitution adopted in 1936 and modified along the way until October 1977, the political foundation of the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> was formed by the Soviets (Councils) of People's Deputies. These existed at all levels of the administrative hierarchy, with the former "countries" and other regions brought into the union referred to as soviets during their time as republics<sup id="cite_ref-:212_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:212-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and with the Soviet Union as a whole under the nominal control of the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Soviet_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union">Supreme Soviet of the USSR</a>, located in <a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a> within the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic" title="Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic">Russian SFSR</a>. </p><p>Along with the state administrative hierarchy, there existed a parallel structure of party organizations, which allowed the <a href="/wiki/Politburo_of_the_CPSU_Central_Committee" class="mw-redirect" title="Politburo of the CPSU Central Committee">Politburo</a> to exercise large amounts of control over the republics. State administrative organs took direction from the parallel party organs, and appointments of all party and state officials required approval of the central organs of the party. </p><p>Each republic had its own unique set of state symbols: a <a href="/wiki/Flags_of_the_Soviet_Republics" title="Flags of the Soviet Republics">flag</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Emblems_of_the_Soviet_Republics" title="Emblems of the Soviet Republics">coat of arms</a>, and, with the exception of <a href="/wiki/Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic" title="Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic">Russia</a> until 1990, an <a href="/wiki/Regional_anthems_of_the_Soviet_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="Regional anthems of the Soviet Union">anthem</a>. Every republic of the Soviet Union also was awarded with the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Lenin" title="Order of Lenin">Order of Lenin</a>. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional center" style="max-width: 978px;"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:E7901-Bishkek-museum-Lenin-carpet.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A hall in Bishkek's Soviet-era Lenin Museum decorated with the flags of Soviet Republics"><img alt="A hall in Bishkek's Soviet-era Lenin Museum decorated with the flags of Soviet Republics" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/E7901-Bishkek-museum-Lenin-carpet.jpg/120px-E7901-Bishkek-museum-Lenin-carpet.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/E7901-Bishkek-museum-Lenin-carpet.jpg/180px-E7901-Bishkek-museum-Lenin-carpet.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/E7901-Bishkek-museum-Lenin-carpet.jpg/240px-E7901-Bishkek-museum-Lenin-carpet.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">A hall in <a href="/wiki/Bishkek" title="Bishkek">Bishkek</a>'s Soviet-era Lenin Museum decorated with the flags of <a href="/wiki/Soviet_republic_(system_of_government)" class="mw-redirect" title="Soviet republic (system of government)">Soviet Republics</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:USSRRepublicsPoster.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Poster of the unity of the Soviet republics in the late 1930s. All republics, except Russia, are shown with their respective traditional clothes."><img alt="Poster of the unity of the Soviet republics in the late 1930s. All republics, except Russia, are shown with their respective traditional clothes." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/USSRRepublicsPoster.jpg/83px-USSRRepublicsPoster.jpg" decoding="async" width="83" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/USSRRepublicsPoster.jpg/124px-USSRRepublicsPoster.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/USSRRepublicsPoster.jpg/165px-USSRRepublicsPoster.jpg 2x" data-file-width="552" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Poster of the unity of the Soviet republics in the late 1930s. All republics, except <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a>, are shown with their respective traditional clothes.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ltsr_plakatas_1946_tsrs.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Poster of the unity of the Soviet republics in 1946. Note that the map also points out the Karelo-Finnish SSR capital, Petrozavodsk."><img alt="Poster of the unity of the Soviet republics in 1946. Note that the map also points out the Karelo-Finnish SSR capital, Petrozavodsk." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Ltsr_plakatas_1946_tsrs.jpg/88px-Ltsr_plakatas_1946_tsrs.jpg" decoding="async" width="88" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Ltsr_plakatas_1946_tsrs.jpg/133px-Ltsr_plakatas_1946_tsrs.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Ltsr_plakatas_1946_tsrs.jpg/177px-Ltsr_plakatas_1946_tsrs.jpg 2x" data-file-width="708" data-file-height="960" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Poster of the unity of the Soviet republics in 1946. Note that the map also points out the <a href="/wiki/Karelo-Finnish_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Karelo-Finnish Soviet Socialist Republic">Karelo-Finnish SSR</a> capital, <a href="/wiki/Petrozavodsk" title="Petrozavodsk">Petrozavodsk</a>. </div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Union_Republics_of_the_Soviet_Union">Union Republics of the Soviet Union</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Republics_of_the_Soviet_Union&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Union Republics of the Soviet Union"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Flag of the Soviet Union">Flag of the Soviet Union</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:USSR_Republics_numbered_by_Constitution.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/USSR_Republics_numbered_by_Constitution.svg/400px-USSR_Republics_numbered_by_Constitution.svg.png" decoding="async" width="400" height="280" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/USSR_Republics_numbered_by_Constitution.svg/600px-USSR_Republics_numbered_by_Constitution.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/USSR_Republics_numbered_by_Constitution.svg/800px-USSR_Republics_numbered_by_Constitution.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1345" data-file-height="942" /></a><figcaption>Map of the Union Republics from 1956 to 1991, as numbered by the Soviet Constitution: 1. <a href="/wiki/Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic" title="Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic">Russia</a>, 2. <a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic">Ukraine</a>, 3. <a href="/wiki/Byelorussian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic">Belarus</a>, 4. <a href="/wiki/Uzbek_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic">Uzbekistan</a>, 5. <a href="/wiki/Kazakh_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic">Kazakhstan</a>, 6. <a href="/wiki/Georgian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic">Georgia</a>, 7. <a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic">Azerbaijan</a>, 8. <a href="/wiki/Lithuanian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic">Lithuania</a>, 9. <a href="/wiki/Moldavian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic">Moldavia</a>, 10. <a href="/wiki/Latvian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic">Latvia</a>, 11. <a href="/wiki/Kirghiz_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Kirghiz Soviet Socialist Republic">Kyrgyzstan</a>, 12. <a href="/wiki/Tajik_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic">Tajikistan</a>, 13. <a href="/wiki/Armenian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic">Armenia</a>, 14. <a href="/wiki/Turkmen_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic">Turkmenistan</a>, 15. <a href="/wiki/Estonian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic">Estonia</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The number of the union republics of the USSR varied from 4 to 16. From 1956 until its dissolution in 1991, the Soviet Union consisted of 15 Soviet Socialist Republics. (In 1956, the Karelo-Finnish Soviet Socialist Republic, created in 1940, was absorbed into the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic.) Rather than listing the republics in alphabetical order, the republics were listed in constitutional order (which roughly corresponded to their population and economic power when the republics were formed). However, particularly by the last decades of the Soviet Union, the constitutional order did not correspond to order either by population or economic power. </p> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center; font-size:100%;" width="100%"> <tbody><tr> <th class="unsortable"><a href="/wiki/Emblems_of_the_Soviet_Republics" title="Emblems of the Soviet Republics">Emblem</a> </th> <th>Name </th> <th class="unsortable"><a href="/wiki/Flags_of_the_Soviet_Republics" title="Flags of the Soviet Republics">Flag</a> </th> <th>Capital </th> <th>Official languages </th> <th>Established </th> <th>Joined </th> <th>Sovereignty </th> <th>Independence </th> <th>Population<br /><small>(1989)</small> </th> <th>Pop.<br />% </th> <th>Area (km<sup>2</sup>)<br /><small>(1991)</small> </th> <th>Area<br />% </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Post-Soviet_states" title="Post-Soviet states">Post-Soviet</a> and <i>de facto</i> states </th> <th>No. </th></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_the_Armenian_SSR.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Emblem_of_the_Armenian_SSR.svg/50px-Emblem_of_the_Armenian_SSR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Emblem_of_the_Armenian_SSR.svg/75px-Emblem_of_the_Armenian_SSR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Emblem_of_the_Armenian_SSR.svg/100px-Emblem_of_the_Armenian_SSR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="605" data-file-height="604" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><b><a href="/wiki/Armenian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic">Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic</a></b> </td> <td align="center"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Armenian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_(1952%E2%80%931990).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Armenian SSR"><img alt="Flag of Armenian SSR" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_the_Armenian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931990%29.svg/100px-Flag_of_the_Armenian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931990%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_the_Armenian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931990%29.svg/150px-Flag_of_the_Armenian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931990%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_the_Armenian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931990%29.svg/200px-Flag_of_the_Armenian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931990%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Yerevan" title="Yerevan">Yerevan</a> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Armenian_language" title="Armenian language">Armenian</a>, Russian </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="000000001920-12-02-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">2 December 1920</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="000000001922-12-30-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">30 December 1922</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="000000001990-08-23-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">23 August 1990</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="000000001991-09-21-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">21 September 1991</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="7006328770000000000♠">3,287,700</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="7000114999999999999♠">1.15</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="7004298000000000000♠">29,800</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="6999130000000000000♠">0.13</span> </td> <td align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_Armenia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Armenia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_Armenia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Armenia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_Armenia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Armenia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia">Armenia</a> </td> <td>13 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_the_Azerbaijan_SSR.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Emblem_of_the_Azerbaijan_SSR.svg/50px-Emblem_of_the_Azerbaijan_SSR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="57" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Emblem_of_the_Azerbaijan_SSR.svg/75px-Emblem_of_the_Azerbaijan_SSR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Emblem_of_the_Azerbaijan_SSR.svg/100px-Emblem_of_the_Azerbaijan_SSR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="522" data-file-height="595" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><b><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic">Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic</a></b> </td> <td align="center"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Azerbaijan_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_(1952%E2%80%931991).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Azerbaijan SSR"><img alt="Flag of Azerbaijan SSR" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Flag_of_the_Azerbaijan_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931991%29.svg/100px-Flag_of_the_Azerbaijan_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Flag_of_the_Azerbaijan_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931991%29.svg/150px-Flag_of_the_Azerbaijan_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Flag_of_the_Azerbaijan_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931991%29.svg/200px-Flag_of_the_Azerbaijan_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Baku" title="Baku">Baku</a> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijani_language" title="Azerbaijani language">Azerbaijani</a>, Russian </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="000000001920-04-28-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">28 April 1920</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="000000001922-12-30-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">30 December 1922</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="000000001989-09-23-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">23 September 1989</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="000000001991-10-18-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">18 October 1991</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="7006703790000000000♠">7,037,900</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="7000245000000000000♠">2.45</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="7004866000000000000♠">86,600</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="6999390000000000000♠">0.39</span> </td> <td align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan" title="Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a><br /> </td> <td>7 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_the_Byelorussian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_(1981%E2%80%931991).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Emblem_of_the_Byelorussian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281981%E2%80%931991%29.svg/50px-Emblem_of_the_Byelorussian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281981%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="52" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Emblem_of_the_Byelorussian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281981%E2%80%931991%29.svg/75px-Emblem_of_the_Byelorussian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281981%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Emblem_of_the_Byelorussian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281981%E2%80%931991%29.svg/100px-Emblem_of_the_Byelorussian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281981%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="714" data-file-height="739" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><b><a href="/wiki/Byelorussian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic">Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic</a></b> </td> <td align="center"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Byelorussian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_(1951%E2%80%931991).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Belarusian SSR"><img alt="Flag of Belarusian SSR" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Flag_of_the_Byelorussian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281951%E2%80%931991%29.svg/100px-Flag_of_the_Byelorussian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281951%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Flag_of_the_Byelorussian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281951%E2%80%931991%29.svg/150px-Flag_of_the_Byelorussian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281951%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Flag_of_the_Byelorussian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281951%E2%80%931991%29.svg/200px-Flag_of_the_Byelorussian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281951%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Minsk" title="Minsk">Minsk</a> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Belarusian_language" title="Belarusian language">Byelorussian</a>, Russian </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="000000001920-07-31-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">31 July 1920</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="000000001922-12-30-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">30 December 1922</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="000000001990-07-27-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">27 July 1990</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="000000001991-08-25-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">25 August 1991</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="7007101518060000000♠">10,151,806</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="7000354000000000000♠">3.54</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="7005207600000000000♠">207,600</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="6999930000000000000♠">0.93</span> </td> <td align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Belarus.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belarus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Belarus.svg/35px-Flag_of_Belarus.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Belarus.svg/46px-Flag_of_Belarus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Belarus" title="Belarus">Belarus</a> </td> <td>3 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_the_Estonian_SSR.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Emblem_of_the_Estonian_SSR.svg/50px-Emblem_of_the_Estonian_SSR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="55" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Emblem_of_the_Estonian_SSR.svg/75px-Emblem_of_the_Estonian_SSR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Emblem_of_the_Estonian_SSR.svg/100px-Emblem_of_the_Estonian_SSR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="736" data-file-height="814" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><b><a href="/wiki/Estonian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic">Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic</a></b><sup id="cite_ref-Baltic_states_status_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Baltic_states_status-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="center"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Estonian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_(1953%E2%80%931990).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Estonian SSR"><img alt="Flag of Estonian SSR" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Flag_of_the_Estonian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281953%E2%80%931990%29.svg/100px-Flag_of_the_Estonian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281953%E2%80%931990%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Flag_of_the_Estonian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281953%E2%80%931990%29.svg/150px-Flag_of_the_Estonian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281953%E2%80%931990%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Flag_of_the_Estonian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281953%E2%80%931990%29.svg/200px-Flag_of_the_Estonian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281953%E2%80%931990%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Tallinn" title="Tallinn">Tallinn</a> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Estonian_language" title="Estonian language">Estonian</a>, Russian </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="000000001940-07-21-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">21 July 1940</span><sup id="cite_ref-Baltic_annexations_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Baltic_annexations-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="000000001940-08-06-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">6 August 1940</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="000000001988-11-16-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">16 November 1988</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="000000001990-05-08-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">8 May 1990</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="7006156566200000000♠">1,565,662</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="6999550000000000000♠">0.55</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="7004452260000000000♠">45,226</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="6999200000000000000♠">0.20</span> </td> <td align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="990" data-file-height="630" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Estonia" title="Estonia">Estonia</a> </td> <td>15 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_the_Georgian_SSR.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Emblem_of_the_Georgian_SSR.svg/50px-Emblem_of_the_Georgian_SSR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Emblem_of_the_Georgian_SSR.svg/75px-Emblem_of_the_Georgian_SSR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Emblem_of_the_Georgian_SSR.svg/100px-Emblem_of_the_Georgian_SSR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="560" data-file-height="560" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><b><a href="/wiki/Georgian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic">Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic</a></b> </td> <td align="center"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Georgian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_(1951%E2%80%931990).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Georgian SSR"><img alt="Flag of Georgian SSR" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Flag_of_the_Georgian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281951%E2%80%931990%29.svg/100px-Flag_of_the_Georgian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281951%E2%80%931990%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Flag_of_the_Georgian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281951%E2%80%931990%29.svg/150px-Flag_of_the_Georgian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281951%E2%80%931990%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Flag_of_the_Georgian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281951%E2%80%931990%29.svg/200px-Flag_of_the_Georgian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281951%E2%80%931990%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Tbilisi" title="Tbilisi">Tbilisi</a> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Georgian_language" title="Georgian language">Georgian</a>, Russian </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="000000001921-02-25-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">25 February 1921</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="000000001922-12-30-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">30 December 1922</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="000000001989-11-18-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">18 November 1989</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="000000001991-04-09-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">9 April 1991</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="7006540084100000000♠">5,400,841</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="7000188000000000000♠">1.88</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="7004697000000000000♠">69,700</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="6999310000000000000♠">0.31</span> </td> <td align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Georgia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Georgia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Georgia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Georgia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Georgia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Georgia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Georgia_(country)" title="Georgia (country)">Georgia</a><br /><i><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_Abkhazia.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_Abkhazia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_Abkhazia.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_Abkhazia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_Abkhazia.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_Abkhazia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Abkhazia" title="Abkhazia">Abkhazia</a></i><br /><i><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_South_Ossetia.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Ossetia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_South_Ossetia.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Ossetia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_South_Ossetia.svg/46px-Flag_of_South_Ossetia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/South_Ossetia" title="South Ossetia">South Ossetia</a></span></i> </td> <td>6 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_Kazakh_SSR.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Emblem_of_Kazakh_SSR.svg/50px-Emblem_of_Kazakh_SSR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="57" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Emblem_of_Kazakh_SSR.svg/75px-Emblem_of_Kazakh_SSR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Emblem_of_Kazakh_SSR.svg/100px-Emblem_of_Kazakh_SSR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="619" data-file-height="706" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><b><a href="/wiki/Kazakh_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic">Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic</a></b> </td> <td align="center"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Kazakh_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_(1953%E2%80%931991);_Flag_of_Kazakhstan_(1991%E2%80%931992).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Kazakhstan SSR"><img alt="Flag of Kazakhstan SSR" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_the_Kazakh_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281953%E2%80%931991%29%3B_Flag_of_Kazakhstan_%281991%E2%80%931992%29.svg/100px-Flag_of_the_Kazakh_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281953%E2%80%931991%29%3B_Flag_of_Kazakhstan_%281991%E2%80%931992%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_the_Kazakh_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281953%E2%80%931991%29%3B_Flag_of_Kazakhstan_%281991%E2%80%931992%29.svg/150px-Flag_of_the_Kazakh_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281953%E2%80%931991%29%3B_Flag_of_Kazakhstan_%281991%E2%80%931992%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_the_Kazakh_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281953%E2%80%931991%29%3B_Flag_of_Kazakhstan_%281991%E2%80%931992%29.svg/200px-Flag_of_the_Kazakh_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281953%E2%80%931991%29%3B_Flag_of_Kazakhstan_%281991%E2%80%931992%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Almaty" title="Almaty">Alma-Ata</a> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Kazakh_language" title="Kazakh language">Kazakh</a>, Russian </td> <td align="left" colspan="2"><span data-sort-value="000000001936-12-05-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">5 December 1936</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="000000001990-10-25-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">25 October 1990</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="000000001991-12-16-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">16 December 1991</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="7007167119000000000♠">16,711,900</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="7000583000000000000♠">5.83</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="7006271730000000000♠">2,717,300</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="7001122400000000000♠">12.24</span> </td> <td align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a> </td> <td>5 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_the_Kirghiz_SSR.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Emblem_of_the_Kirghiz_SSR.svg/50px-Emblem_of_the_Kirghiz_SSR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="59" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Emblem_of_the_Kirghiz_SSR.svg/75px-Emblem_of_the_Kirghiz_SSR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Emblem_of_the_Kirghiz_SSR.svg/100px-Emblem_of_the_Kirghiz_SSR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="486" data-file-height="574" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><b><a href="/wiki/Kirghiz_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Kirghiz Soviet Socialist Republic">Kirghiz Soviet Socialist Republic</a></b> </td> <td align="center"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Kirghiz_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_(1952%E2%80%931991);_Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan_(1991%E2%80%931992).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Kyrgyzstan SSR"><img alt="Flag of Kyrgyzstan SSR" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Flag_of_the_Kirghiz_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931991%29%3B_Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan_%281991%E2%80%931992%29.svg/100px-Flag_of_the_Kirghiz_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931991%29%3B_Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan_%281991%E2%80%931992%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Flag_of_the_Kirghiz_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931991%29%3B_Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan_%281991%E2%80%931992%29.svg/150px-Flag_of_the_Kirghiz_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931991%29%3B_Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan_%281991%E2%80%931992%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Flag_of_the_Kirghiz_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931991%29%3B_Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan_%281991%E2%80%931992%29.svg/200px-Flag_of_the_Kirghiz_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931991%29%3B_Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan_%281991%E2%80%931992%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Bishkek" title="Bishkek">Frunze</a> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Kyrgyz_language" title="Kyrgyz language">Kirghiz</a>, Russian </td> <td align="left" colspan="2"><span data-sort-value="000000001936-12-05-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">5 December 1936</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="000000001990-12-15-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">15 December 1990</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="000000001991-08-31-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">31 August 1991</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="7006425780000000000♠">4,257,800</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="7000148000000000000♠">1.48</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="7005198500000000000♠">198,500</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="6999890000000000000♠">0.89</span> </td> <td align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Kyrgyzstan" title="Kyrgyzstan">Kyrgyzstan</a> </td> <td>11 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_the_Latvian_SSR.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Emblem_of_the_Latvian_SSR.svg/50px-Emblem_of_the_Latvian_SSR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="53" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Emblem_of_the_Latvian_SSR.svg/75px-Emblem_of_the_Latvian_SSR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Emblem_of_the_Latvian_SSR.svg/100px-Emblem_of_the_Latvian_SSR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="554" data-file-height="587" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><b><a href="/wiki/Latvian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic">Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic</a></b><sup id="cite_ref-Baltic_states_status_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Baltic_states_status-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="center"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Latvian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_(1953%E2%80%931990).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Latvian SSR"><img alt="Flag of Latvian SSR" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_Latvian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281953%E2%80%931990%29.svg/100px-Flag_of_the_Latvian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281953%E2%80%931990%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_Latvian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281953%E2%80%931990%29.svg/150px-Flag_of_the_Latvian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281953%E2%80%931990%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_Latvian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281953%E2%80%931990%29.svg/200px-Flag_of_the_Latvian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281953%E2%80%931990%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Riga" title="Riga">Riga</a> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Latvian_language" title="Latvian language">Latvian</a>, Russian </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="000000001940-07-21-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">21 July 1940</span><sup id="cite_ref-Baltic_annexations_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Baltic_annexations-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="000000001940-08-05-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">5 August 1940</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="000000001989-07-28-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">28 July 1989</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="000000001990-05-04-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">4 May 1990</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="7006266656700000000♠">2,666,567</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="6999930000000000000♠">0.93</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="7004645890000000000♠">64,589</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="6999290000000000000♠">0.29</span> </td> <td align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Latvia" title="Latvia">Latvia</a> </td> <td>10 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_the_Lithuanian_SSR.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Emblem_of_the_Lithuanian_SSR.svg/50px-Emblem_of_the_Lithuanian_SSR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="58" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Emblem_of_the_Lithuanian_SSR.svg/75px-Emblem_of_the_Lithuanian_SSR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Emblem_of_the_Lithuanian_SSR.svg/100px-Emblem_of_the_Lithuanian_SSR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="485" data-file-height="562" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><b><a href="/wiki/Lithuanian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic">Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic</a></b><sup id="cite_ref-Baltic_states_status_20-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Baltic_states_status-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="center"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Lithuanian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_(1953%E2%80%931988).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Lithuanian SSR"><img alt="Flag of Lithuanian SSR" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_the_Lithuanian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281953%E2%80%931988%29.svg/100px-Flag_of_the_Lithuanian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281953%E2%80%931988%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_the_Lithuanian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281953%E2%80%931988%29.svg/150px-Flag_of_the_Lithuanian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281953%E2%80%931988%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_the_Lithuanian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281953%E2%80%931988%29.svg/200px-Flag_of_the_Lithuanian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281953%E2%80%931988%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Vilnius" title="Vilnius">Vilnius</a> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Lithuanian_language" title="Lithuanian language">Lithuanian</a>, Russian </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="000000001940-07-21-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">21 July 1940</span><sup id="cite_ref-Baltic_annexations_21-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Baltic_annexations-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="000000001940-08-03-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">3 August 1940</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="000000001989-05-18-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">18 May 1989</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="000000001990-03-11-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">11 March 1990</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="7006368977900000000♠">3,689,779</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="7000129000000000000♠">1.29</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="7004652000000000000♠">65,200</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="6999290000000000000♠">0.29</span> </td> <td align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/46px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Lithuania" title="Lithuania">Lithuania</a> </td> <td>8 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_the_Moldavian_SSR_(1981-1990).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Emblem_of_the_Moldavian_SSR_%281981-1990%29.svg/50px-Emblem_of_the_Moldavian_SSR_%281981-1990%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="54" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Emblem_of_the_Moldavian_SSR_%281981-1990%29.svg/75px-Emblem_of_the_Moldavian_SSR_%281981-1990%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Emblem_of_the_Moldavian_SSR_%281981-1990%29.svg/100px-Emblem_of_the_Moldavian_SSR_%281981-1990%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="993" data-file-height="1070" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><b><a href="/wiki/Moldavian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic">Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic</a></b> </td> <td align="center"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Moldavian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_(1952%E2%80%931990).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Moldovan SSR"><img alt="Flag of Moldovan SSR" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Flag_of_the_Moldavian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931990%29.svg/100px-Flag_of_the_Moldavian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931990%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Flag_of_the_Moldavian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931990%29.svg/150px-Flag_of_the_Moldavian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931990%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Flag_of_the_Moldavian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931990%29.svg/200px-Flag_of_the_Moldavian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931990%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Chi%C8%99in%C4%83u" title="Chișinău">Kishinev</a> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Moldovan_language" title="Moldovan language">Moldavian</a>, Russian </td> <td align="left" colspan="2"><span data-sort-value="000000001940-08-02-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">2 August 1940</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="000000001990-06-23-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">23 June 1990</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="000000001991-08-27-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">27 August 1991</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="7006433760000000000♠">4,337,600</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="7000151000000000000♠">1.51</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="7004338430000000000♠">33,843</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="6999150000000000000♠">0.15</span> </td> <td align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Moldova.svg/23px-Flag_of_Moldova.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Moldova.svg/35px-Flag_of_Moldova.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Moldova.svg/46px-Flag_of_Moldova.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="900" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Moldova" title="Moldova">Moldova</a><br /><i><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Transnistria_%28state%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Transnistria_%28state%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Transnistria_%28state%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Transnistria_%28state%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Transnistria_%28state%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Transnistria_%28state%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Transnistria" title="Transnistria">Transnistria</a></i> </td> <td>9 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_the_Russian_SFSR_(1978%E2%80%931991),_Emblem_of_Russia_(1991%E2%80%931992).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Emblem_of_the_Russian_SFSR_%281978%E2%80%931991%29%2C_Emblem_of_Russia_%281991%E2%80%931992%29.svg/50px-Emblem_of_the_Russian_SFSR_%281978%E2%80%931991%29%2C_Emblem_of_Russia_%281991%E2%80%931992%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="56" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Emblem_of_the_Russian_SFSR_%281978%E2%80%931991%29%2C_Emblem_of_Russia_%281991%E2%80%931992%29.svg/75px-Emblem_of_the_Russian_SFSR_%281978%E2%80%931991%29%2C_Emblem_of_Russia_%281991%E2%80%931992%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Emblem_of_the_Russian_SFSR_%281978%E2%80%931991%29%2C_Emblem_of_Russia_%281991%E2%80%931992%29.svg/100px-Emblem_of_the_Russian_SFSR_%281978%E2%80%931991%29%2C_Emblem_of_Russia_%281991%E2%80%931992%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="859" data-file-height="960" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><b><a href="/wiki/Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic" title="Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic">Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic</a></b> </td> <td align="center"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_(1954%E2%80%931991).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Russian SFSR"><img alt="Flag of Russian SFSR" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg/100px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg/150px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg/200px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="000000001917-11-07-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">7 November 1917</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="000000001922-12-30-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">30 December 1922</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="000000001990-06-12-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">12 June 1990</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="000000001991-12-12-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">12 December 1991</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="7008147386000000000♠">147,386,000</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="7001514000000000000♠">51.40</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="7007170754000000000♠">17,075,400</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="7001766200000000000♠">76.62</span> </td> <td align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> </td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_the_Tajik_SSR.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Emblem_of_the_Tajik_SSR.svg/50px-Emblem_of_the_Tajik_SSR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="53" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Emblem_of_the_Tajik_SSR.svg/75px-Emblem_of_the_Tajik_SSR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Emblem_of_the_Tajik_SSR.svg/100px-Emblem_of_the_Tajik_SSR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="824" data-file-height="878" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><b><a href="/wiki/Tajik_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic">Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic</a></b> </td> <td align="center"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Tajik_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_(1953%E2%80%931991);_Flag_of_Tajikistan_(1991%E2%80%931992).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Tajikistan SSR"><img alt="Flag of Tajikistan SSR" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_the_Tajik_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281953%E2%80%931991%29%3B_Flag_of_Tajikistan_%281991%E2%80%931992%29.svg/100px-Flag_of_the_Tajik_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281953%E2%80%931991%29%3B_Flag_of_Tajikistan_%281991%E2%80%931992%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_the_Tajik_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281953%E2%80%931991%29%3B_Flag_of_Tajikistan_%281991%E2%80%931992%29.svg/150px-Flag_of_the_Tajik_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281953%E2%80%931991%29%3B_Flag_of_Tajikistan_%281991%E2%80%931992%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_the_Tajik_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281953%E2%80%931991%29%3B_Flag_of_Tajikistan_%281991%E2%80%931992%29.svg/200px-Flag_of_the_Tajik_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281953%E2%80%931991%29%3B_Flag_of_Tajikistan_%281991%E2%80%931992%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Dushanbe" title="Dushanbe">Dushanbe</a> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Tajik_language" title="Tajik language">Tajik</a>,<br />Russian </td> <td align="left" colspan="2"><span data-sort-value="000000001929-12-05-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">5 December 1929</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="000000001990-08-24-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">24 August 1990</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="000000001991-09-09-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">9 September 1991</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="7006511200000000000♠">5,112,000</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="7000178000000000000♠">1.78</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="7005143100000000000♠">143,100</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="6999640000000000000♠">0.64</span> </td> <td align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Tajikistan" title="Tajikistan">Tajikistan</a> </td> <td>12 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_the_Turkmen_SSR.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Emblem_of_the_Turkmen_SSR.svg/50px-Emblem_of_the_Turkmen_SSR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="54" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Emblem_of_the_Turkmen_SSR.svg/75px-Emblem_of_the_Turkmen_SSR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Emblem_of_the_Turkmen_SSR.svg/100px-Emblem_of_the_Turkmen_SSR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="519" data-file-height="565" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><b><a href="/wiki/Turkmen_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic">Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic</a></b> </td> <td align="center"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Turkmen_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_(1973%E2%80%931991);_Flag_of_Turkmenistan_(1991%E2%80%931992).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Turkmenistan SSR"><img alt="Flag of Turkmenistan SSR" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Flag_of_the_Turkmen_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281973%E2%80%931991%29%3B_Flag_of_Turkmenistan_%281991%E2%80%931992%29.svg/100px-Flag_of_the_Turkmen_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281973%E2%80%931991%29%3B_Flag_of_Turkmenistan_%281991%E2%80%931992%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Flag_of_the_Turkmen_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281973%E2%80%931991%29%3B_Flag_of_Turkmenistan_%281991%E2%80%931992%29.svg/150px-Flag_of_the_Turkmen_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281973%E2%80%931991%29%3B_Flag_of_Turkmenistan_%281991%E2%80%931992%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Flag_of_the_Turkmen_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281973%E2%80%931991%29%3B_Flag_of_Turkmenistan_%281991%E2%80%931992%29.svg/200px-Flag_of_the_Turkmen_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281973%E2%80%931991%29%3B_Flag_of_Turkmenistan_%281991%E2%80%931992%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Ashgabat" title="Ashgabat">Ashkhabad</a> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Turkmen_language" title="Turkmen language">Turkmen</a>, Russian </td> <td align="left" colspan="2"><span data-sort-value="000000001925-05-13-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">13 May 1925</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="000000001990-08-27-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">27 August 1990</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="000000001991-10-27-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">27 October 1991</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="7006352270000000000♠">3,522,700</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="7000123000000000000♠">1.23</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="7005488100000000000♠">488,100</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="7000219000000000000♠">2.19</span> </td> <td align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Turkmenistan" title="Turkmenistan">Turkmenistan</a> </td> <td>14 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_the_Ukrainian_SSR.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Emblem_of_the_Ukrainian_SSR.svg/50px-Emblem_of_the_Ukrainian_SSR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="56" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Emblem_of_the_Ukrainian_SSR.svg/75px-Emblem_of_the_Ukrainian_SSR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Emblem_of_the_Ukrainian_SSR.svg/100px-Emblem_of_the_Ukrainian_SSR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="892" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><b><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic">Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic</a></b> </td> <td align="center"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Ukrainian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_(1949%E2%80%931991).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Ukrainian SSR"><img alt="Flag of Ukrainian SSR" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Flag_of_the_Ukrainian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281949%E2%80%931991%29.svg/100px-Flag_of_the_Ukrainian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281949%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Flag_of_the_Ukrainian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281949%E2%80%931991%29.svg/150px-Flag_of_the_Ukrainian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281949%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Flag_of_the_Ukrainian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281949%E2%80%931991%29.svg/200px-Flag_of_the_Ukrainian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281949%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Kyiv" title="Kyiv">Kiev</a> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_language" title="Ukrainian language">Ukrainian</a>, Russian </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="000000001919-03-10-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">10 March 1919</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="000000001922-12-30-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">30 December 1922</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="000000001990-07-16-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">16 July 1990</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="000000001991-08-24-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">24 August 1991</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="7007517067460000000♠">51,706,746</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="7001180300000000000♠">18.03</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="7005603700000000000♠">603,700</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="7000271000000000000♠">2.71</span> </td> <td align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/45px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a> </td> <td>2 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_the_Uzbek_SSR.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Emblem_of_the_Uzbek_SSR.svg/50px-Emblem_of_the_Uzbek_SSR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="55" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Emblem_of_the_Uzbek_SSR.svg/75px-Emblem_of_the_Uzbek_SSR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Emblem_of_the_Uzbek_SSR.svg/100px-Emblem_of_the_Uzbek_SSR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="836" data-file-height="926" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><b><a href="/wiki/Uzbek_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic">Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic</a></b> </td> <td align="center"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Uzbek_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_(1952%E2%80%931991).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Uzbekistan SSR"><img alt="Flag of Uzbekistan SSR" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_the_Uzbek_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931991%29.svg/100px-Flag_of_the_Uzbek_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_the_Uzbek_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931991%29.svg/150px-Flag_of_the_Uzbek_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_the_Uzbek_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931991%29.svg/200px-Flag_of_the_Uzbek_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Tashkent" title="Tashkent">Tashkent</a> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Uzbek_language" title="Uzbek language">Uzbek</a>,<br />Russian </td> <td align="left" colspan="2"><span data-sort-value="000000001924-12-05-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">5 December 1924</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="000000001990-06-20-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">20 June 1990</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="000000001991-09-01-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">1 September 1991</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="7007199060000000000♠">19,906,000</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="7000694000000000000♠">6.94</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="7005447400000000000♠">447,400</span> </td> <td align="left"><span data-sort-value="7000200999999999999♠">2.01</span> </td> <td align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Uzbekistan" title="Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</a> </td> <td>4 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Short-lived_Union_Republics_of_the_Soviet_Union">Short-lived Union Republics of the Soviet Union</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Republics_of_the_Soviet_Union&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Short-lived Union Republics of the Soviet Union"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center; font-size:100%;" width="100%"> <tbody><tr> <th class="unsortable">Emblem </th> <th>Name </th> <th class="unsortable">Flag </th> <th>Capital </th> <th>Titular nationality </th> <th>Years of<br />membership </th> <th>Population </th> <th>Area (km<sup>2</sup>) </th> <th>Soviet successor </th></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_the_SSR_of_Abkhazia_(1928-1931).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Emblem_of_the_SSR_of_Abkhazia_%281928-1931%29.svg/50px-Emblem_of_the_SSR_of_Abkhazia_%281928-1931%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Emblem_of_the_SSR_of_Abkhazia_%281928-1931%29.svg/75px-Emblem_of_the_SSR_of_Abkhazia_%281928-1931%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Emblem_of_the_SSR_of_Abkhazia_%281928-1931%29.svg/100px-Emblem_of_the_SSR_of_Abkhazia_%281928-1931%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="365" data-file-height="365" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><b><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Soviet_Republic_of_Abkhazia" title="Socialist Soviet Republic of Abkhazia">Socialist Soviet Republic of Abkhazia</a></b><sup>a</sup> </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_SSR_Abkhazia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_SSR_Abkhazia.svg/100px-Flag_of_the_SSR_Abkhazia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_SSR_Abkhazia.svg/150px-Flag_of_the_SSR_Abkhazia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_SSR_Abkhazia.svg/200px-Flag_of_the_SSR_Abkhazia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Sukhumi" title="Sukhumi">Sukhumi</a> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Abkhazians" title="Abkhazians">Abkhazians</a> </td> <td align="left">1921-1931 </td> <td align="left">201,016 </td> <td align="left">86,000 </td> <td align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Flag_of_the_Abkhaz_ASSR.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Abkhaz_ASSR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Flag_of_the_Abkhaz_ASSR.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Abkhaz_ASSR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Flag_of_the_Abkhaz_ASSR.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Abkhaz_ASSR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Abkhaz_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Abkhaz Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Abkhaz ASSR</a><br /> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_the_Bukharan_People%27s_Soviet_Republic.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Emblem_of_the_Bukharan_People%27s_Soviet_Republic.svg/50px-Emblem_of_the_Bukharan_People%27s_Soviet_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Emblem_of_the_Bukharan_People%27s_Soviet_Republic.svg/75px-Emblem_of_the_Bukharan_People%27s_Soviet_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Emblem_of_the_Bukharan_People%27s_Soviet_Republic.svg/100px-Emblem_of_the_Bukharan_People%27s_Soviet_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="601" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><b><a href="/wiki/Bukharan_People%27s_Soviet_Republic" title="Bukharan People's Soviet Republic">Bukharan People's Soviet Republic</a></b> </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Bukharan_People%27s_Soviet_Republic.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Flag_of_the_Bukharan_People%27s_Soviet_Republic.svg/100px-Flag_of_the_Bukharan_People%27s_Soviet_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Flag_of_the_Bukharan_People%27s_Soviet_Republic.svg/150px-Flag_of_the_Bukharan_People%27s_Soviet_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Flag_of_the_Bukharan_People%27s_Soviet_Republic.svg/200px-Flag_of_the_Bukharan_People%27s_Soviet_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /></a></span> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Bukhara" title="Bukhara">Bukhara</a> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Uzbeks" title="Uzbeks">Uzbeks</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tajiks" title="Tajiks">Tajiks</a>, <a href="/wiki/Turkmens" title="Turkmens">Turkmens</a> </td> <td align="left">1920–1924 </td> <td align="left">2,000,000 </td> <td align="left">182,193 </td> <td align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_the_Uzbek_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931991%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Uzbek_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_the_Uzbek_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931991%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Uzbek_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_the_Uzbek_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931991%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Uzbek_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Uzbek_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic">Uzbek SSR</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_the_Karelo-Finnish_SSR.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Emblem_of_the_Karelo-Finnish_SSR.svg/50px-Emblem_of_the_Karelo-Finnish_SSR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="59" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Emblem_of_the_Karelo-Finnish_SSR.svg/75px-Emblem_of_the_Karelo-Finnish_SSR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Emblem_of_the_Karelo-Finnish_SSR.svg/100px-Emblem_of_the_Karelo-Finnish_SSR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="704" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><b><a href="/wiki/Karelo-Finnish_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Karelo-Finnish Soviet Socialist Republic">Karelo-Finnish Soviet Socialist Republic</a></b> </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Karelo-Finnish_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_(1953%E2%80%931956).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_the_Karelo-Finnish_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281953%E2%80%931956%29.svg/100px-Flag_of_the_Karelo-Finnish_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281953%E2%80%931956%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_the_Karelo-Finnish_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281953%E2%80%931956%29.svg/150px-Flag_of_the_Karelo-Finnish_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281953%E2%80%931956%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_the_Karelo-Finnish_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281953%E2%80%931956%29.svg/200px-Flag_of_the_Karelo-Finnish_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281953%E2%80%931956%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Petrozavodsk" title="Petrozavodsk">Petrozavodsk</a> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Karelians" title="Karelians">Karelians</a>, <a href="/wiki/Finns" title="Finns">Finns</a> </td> <td align="left">1940–1956 </td> <td align="left">651,300<br /><small>(1959)</small> </td> <td align="left">172,400 </td> <td align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic" title="Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic">Russian SFSR</a><br />(<span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Flag_of_Karelian_ASSR.svg/23px-Flag_of_Karelian_ASSR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Flag_of_Karelian_ASSR.svg/35px-Flag_of_Karelian_ASSR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Flag_of_Karelian_ASSR.svg/46px-Flag_of_Karelian_ASSR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Karelian_ASSR" class="mw-redirect" title="Karelian ASSR">Karelian ASSR</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_the_Khorezm_People%27s_Soviet_Republic_(1923%E2%80%9324).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Emblem_of_the_Khorezm_People%27s_Soviet_Republic_%281923%E2%80%9324%29.svg/50px-Emblem_of_the_Khorezm_People%27s_Soviet_Republic_%281923%E2%80%9324%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Emblem_of_the_Khorezm_People%27s_Soviet_Republic_%281923%E2%80%9324%29.svg/75px-Emblem_of_the_Khorezm_People%27s_Soviet_Republic_%281923%E2%80%9324%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Emblem_of_the_Khorezm_People%27s_Soviet_Republic_%281923%E2%80%9324%29.svg/100px-Emblem_of_the_Khorezm_People%27s_Soviet_Republic_%281923%E2%80%9324%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="418" data-file-height="418" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><b><a href="/wiki/Khorezm_People%27s_Soviet_Republic" title="Khorezm People's Soviet Republic">Khorezm People's Soviet Republic</a></b> </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Khiva_1920-1923.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Flag_of_Khiva_1920-1923.svg/100px-Flag_of_Khiva_1920-1923.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Flag_of_Khiva_1920-1923.svg/150px-Flag_of_Khiva_1920-1923.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Flag_of_Khiva_1920-1923.svg/200px-Flag_of_Khiva_1920-1923.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /></a></span> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Khiva" title="Khiva">Khiva</a> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Uzbeks" title="Uzbeks">Uzbeks</a>, <a href="/wiki/Turkmens" title="Turkmens">Turkmens</a> </td> <td align="left">1920–1924 </td> <td align="left">800,000 </td> <td align="left">62,200 </td> <td align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Flag_of_the_Turkmen_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281973%E2%80%931991%29%3B_Flag_of_Turkmenistan_%281991%E2%80%931992%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Turkmen_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281973%E2%80%931991%29%3B_Flag_of_Turkmenistan_%281991%E2%80%931992%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Flag_of_the_Turkmen_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281973%E2%80%931991%29%3B_Flag_of_Turkmenistan_%281991%E2%80%931992%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Turkmen_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281973%E2%80%931991%29%3B_Flag_of_Turkmenistan_%281991%E2%80%931992%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Flag_of_the_Turkmen_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281973%E2%80%931991%29%3B_Flag_of_Turkmenistan_%281991%E2%80%931992%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Turkmen_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281973%E2%80%931991%29%3B_Flag_of_Turkmenistan_%281991%E2%80%931992%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Turkmen_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic">Turkmen SSR</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_the_Uzbek_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931991%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Uzbek_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_the_Uzbek_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931991%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Uzbek_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_the_Uzbek_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931991%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Uzbek_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Uzbek_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic">Uzbek SSR</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_the_Transcaucasian_SFSR_(1930-1936).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Emblem_of_the_Transcaucasian_SFSR_%281930-1936%29.svg/50px-Emblem_of_the_Transcaucasian_SFSR_%281930-1936%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Emblem_of_the_Transcaucasian_SFSR_%281930-1936%29.svg/75px-Emblem_of_the_Transcaucasian_SFSR_%281930-1936%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Emblem_of_the_Transcaucasian_SFSR_%281930-1936%29.svg/100px-Emblem_of_the_Transcaucasian_SFSR_%281930-1936%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="550" data-file-height="550" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><b><a href="/wiki/Transcaucasian_Socialist_Federative_Soviet_Republic" title="Transcaucasian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic">Transcaucasian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic</a></b> </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Transcaucasian_SFSR.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_the_Transcaucasian_SFSR.svg/100px-Flag_of_the_Transcaucasian_SFSR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_the_Transcaucasian_SFSR.svg/150px-Flag_of_the_Transcaucasian_SFSR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_the_Transcaucasian_SFSR.svg/200px-Flag_of_the_Transcaucasian_SFSR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Tiflis" class="mw-redirect" title="Tiflis">Tiflis</a> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijanis" title="Azerbaijanis">Azerbaijanis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Armenians" title="Armenians">Armenians</a>, <a href="/wiki/Georgians" title="Georgians">Georgians</a> </td> <td align="left">1922–1936 </td> <td align="left">5,861,600<br /><small>(1926)</small> </td> <td align="left">186,100 </td> <td align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_the_Armenian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931990%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Armenian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931990%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_the_Armenian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931990%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Armenian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931990%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_the_Armenian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931990%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Armenian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931990%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Armenian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic">Armenian SSR</a><br /><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Flag_of_the_Azerbaijan_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931991%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Azerbaijan_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Flag_of_the_Azerbaijan_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931991%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Azerbaijan_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Flag_of_the_Azerbaijan_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931991%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Azerbaijan_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic">Azerbaijan SSR</a></span><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Flag_of_the_Georgian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281951%E2%80%931990%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Georgian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281951%E2%80%931990%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Flag_of_the_Georgian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281951%E2%80%931990%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Georgian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281951%E2%80%931990%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Flag_of_the_Georgian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281951%E2%80%931990%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Georgian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281951%E2%80%931990%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Georgian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic">Georgian SSR</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="9" style="padding-left:0.5em; font-size:90%;"> <p><sup>a</sup> Abkhazia's status in relation to the <a href="/wiki/Georgian_SSR" class="mw-redirect" title="Georgian SSR">Georgian SSR</a> as a "treaty republic" was never clear or well-defined, making its status as a separate republic disputed. <br /> </p> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Republics_not_recognized_by_the_Soviet_Union">Republics not recognized by the Soviet Union</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Republics_of_the_Soviet_Union&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Republics not recognized by the Soviet Union"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Parade_of_sovereignties" title="Parade of sovereignties">Parade of sovereignties</a></div> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; font-size: 100%;"> <tbody><tr> <th class="unsortable">Emblem </th> <th>Name </th> <th class="unsortable">Flag </th> <th>Capital </th> <th>Official languages </th> <th>Independence from SSR declared </th> <th>Independence from USSR declared </th> <th>Population </th> <th>Area (km<sup>2</sup>) </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Post-Soviet_states" title="Post-Soviet states"><span class="nowrap">Post-Soviet</span> states</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_the_Moldavian_SSR_(1981-1990).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Emblem_of_the_Moldavian_SSR_%281981-1990%29.svg/50px-Emblem_of_the_Moldavian_SSR_%281981-1990%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="54" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Emblem_of_the_Moldavian_SSR_%281981-1990%29.svg/75px-Emblem_of_the_Moldavian_SSR_%281981-1990%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Emblem_of_the_Moldavian_SSR_%281981-1990%29.svg/100px-Emblem_of_the_Moldavian_SSR_%281981-1990%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="993" data-file-height="1070" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><i><a href="/wiki/Pridnestrovian_Moldavian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Pridnestrovian Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic">Pridnestrovian Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic</a></i> </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Moldavian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_(1952%E2%80%931990).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Flag_of_the_Moldavian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931990%29.svg/100px-Flag_of_the_Moldavian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931990%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Flag_of_the_Moldavian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931990%29.svg/150px-Flag_of_the_Moldavian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931990%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Flag_of_the_Moldavian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931990%29.svg/200px-Flag_of_the_Moldavian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931990%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Tiraspol" title="Tiraspol">Tiraspol</a> </td> <td align="left">Russian, Ukrainian, Moldovan </td> <td align="left">2 September 1990 </td> <td align="left">25 August 1991 </td> <td align="left">680,000<br /><small>(1989)</small> </td> <td align="left">4,163<br /><small>(1989)</small> </td> <td align="left"><i><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Transnistria_%28state%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Transnistria_%28state%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Transnistria_%28state%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Transnistria_%28state%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Transnistria_%28state%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Transnistria_%28state%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Transnistria" title="Transnistria">Transnistria</a></span></i><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Moldova.svg/23px-Flag_of_Moldova.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Moldova.svg/35px-Flag_of_Moldova.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Moldova.svg/46px-Flag_of_Moldova.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="900" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Moldova" title="Moldova">Moldova</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_non-union_Soviet_republics">Other non-union Soviet republics</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Republics_of_the_Soviet_Union&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Other non-union Soviet republics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th class="unsortable">Emblem </th> <th>Name </th> <th class="unsortable">Flag </th> <th>Capital </th> <th>Created </th> <th>Defunct </th> <th>Successor states </th> <th>Modern states </th></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_the_Far_Eastern_Republic.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Far_Eastern_Republic.svg/50px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Far_Eastern_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="70" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Far_Eastern_Republic.svg/75px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Far_Eastern_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Far_Eastern_Republic.svg/100px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Far_Eastern_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="712" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Far_Eastern_Republic" title="Far Eastern Republic">Far Eastern Republic</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Far_Eastern_Republic.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Flag_of_Far_Eastern_Republic.svg/100px-Flag_of_Far_Eastern_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Flag_of_Far_Eastern_Republic.svg/150px-Flag_of_Far_Eastern_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Flag_of_Far_Eastern_Republic.svg/200px-Flag_of_Far_Eastern_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Verkhneudinsk" class="mw-redirect" title="Verkhneudinsk">Verkhneudinsk</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Chita,_Zabaykalsky_Krai" title="Chita, Zabaykalsky Krai">Chita</a> </td> <td>1920 </td> <td>1922 </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic" title="Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic">Russian SFSR</a> </td> <td rowspan="2"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_the_Tuvan_People%27s_Republic_(1943-1944).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Emblem_of_the_Tuvan_People%27s_Republic_%281943-1944%29.svg/49px-Emblem_of_the_Tuvan_People%27s_Republic_%281943-1944%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="49" height="56" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Emblem_of_the_Tuvan_People%27s_Republic_%281943-1944%29.svg/74px-Emblem_of_the_Tuvan_People%27s_Republic_%281943-1944%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Emblem_of_the_Tuvan_People%27s_Republic_%281943-1944%29.svg/98px-Emblem_of_the_Tuvan_People%27s_Republic_%281943-1944%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="488" data-file-height="553" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Tuvan_People%27s_Republic" title="Tuvan People's Republic">Tuvan People's Republic</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Tuvan_People%27s_Republic_(1943-1944).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Flag_of_the_Tuvan_People%27s_Republic_%281943-1944%29.svg/100px-Flag_of_the_Tuvan_People%27s_Republic_%281943-1944%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Flag_of_the_Tuvan_People%27s_Republic_%281943-1944%29.svg/150px-Flag_of_the_Tuvan_People%27s_Republic_%281943-1944%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Flag_of_the_Tuvan_People%27s_Republic_%281943-1944%29.svg/200px-Flag_of_the_Tuvan_People%27s_Republic_%281943-1944%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="780" data-file-height="390" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kyzyl" title="Kyzyl">Kyzyl</a><br /> </td> <td>1921 </td> <td>1944 </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic" title="Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic">Russian SFSR</a> (<span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Tuvan_ASSR_%281978-1992%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Tuvan_ASSR_%281978-1992%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Tuvan_ASSR_%281978-1992%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Tuvan_ASSR_%281978-1992%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Tuvan_ASSR_%281978-1992%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Tuvan_ASSR_%281978-1992%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="900" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Tuvan_ASSR" class="mw-redirect" title="Tuvan ASSR">Tuvan ASSR</a>) </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p>The Turkestan Soviet Federative Republic was proclaimed in 1918 but did not survive to the founding of the USSR, becoming the short-lived <a href="/wiki/Turkestan_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Turkestan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Turkestan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic</a> of the RSFSR. The <a href="/wiki/Crimean_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="Crimean Soviet Socialist Republic">Crimean Soviet Socialist Republic (Soviet Socialist Republic of Taurida)</a> was also proclaimed in 1918, but did not become a union republic and was made into an autonomous republic of the RSFSR, although the <a href="/wiki/Crimean_Tatars" title="Crimean Tatars">Crimean Tatars</a> had a relative majority until the 1930s or 1940s according to censuses. When the <a href="/wiki/Tuvan_People%27s_Republic" title="Tuvan People's Republic">Tuvan People's Republic</a> joined the Soviet Union in 1944, it did not become a union republic, and was instead established as an autonomous republic of the RSFSR. </p><p>The leader of the <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_Bulgaria" title="People's Republic of Bulgaria">People's Republic of Bulgaria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Todor_Zhivkov" title="Todor Zhivkov">Todor Zhivkov</a>, suggested in the early 1960s that the country should become a union republic, but the offer was rejected.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the <a href="/wiki/Soviet%E2%80%93Afghan_War" title="Soviet–Afghan War">Soviet–Afghan War</a>, the Soviet Union proposed to annex <a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Afghanistan" title="Geography of Afghanistan">Northern Afghanistan</a> as its 16th union republic in what was to become the <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Republic_of_Afghanistan" title="Democratic Republic of Afghanistan">Afghan Soviet Socialist Republic</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_defunct_Soviet_states">Other defunct Soviet states</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Republics_of_the_Soviet_Union&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Other defunct Soviet states"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_People%27s_Republic_of_Soviets" title="Ukrainian People's Republic of Soviets">Ukrainian People's Republic of Soviets</a> (1917–1918) → <a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Soviet_Republic" title="Ukrainian Soviet Republic">Ukrainian Soviet Republic</a> (1918)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bessarabian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Bessarabian Soviet Socialist Republic">Bessarabian Soviet Socialist Republic</a> (1919)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Soviet_Republic_of_Lithuania_and_Belorussia" title="Socialist Soviet Republic of Lithuania and Belorussia">Socialist Soviet Republic of Lithuania and Belorussia</a> (1919–1920)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galician_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Galician Soviet Socialist Republic">Galician Soviet Socialist Republic</a> (1920)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Polish Soviet Socialist Republic">Polish Soviet Socialist Republic</a> (1920)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Polish_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="East Polish Soviet Socialist Republic">East Polish Soviet Socialist Republic</a> (1990)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Autonomous_Republics_of_the_Soviet_Union">Autonomous Republics of the Soviet Union</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Republics_of_the_Soviet_Union&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Autonomous Republics of the Soviet Union"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republics" title="Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republics">Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republics</a></div> <p>Several of the Union Republics themselves, most notably Russia, were further subdivided into <a href="/wiki/Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republics_of_the_Soviet_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republics of the Soviet Union">Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republics</a> (ASSRs). Though administratively part of their respective Union Republics, ASSRs were also established based on ethnic/cultural lines. </p><p>According to the <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Constitution of the Soviet Union">constitution of the USSR</a>, in case of a union republic voting on leaving the Soviet Union, autonomous republics, <a href="/wiki/Autonomous_oblasts_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Autonomous oblasts of the Soviet Union">autonomous oblasts</a> and <a href="/wiki/Autonomous_okrugs_of_the_Soviet_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="Autonomous okrugs of the Soviet Union">autonomous okrugs</a> had the right, by means of a <a href="/wiki/Referendum" title="Referendum">referendum</a>, to independently resolve whether they will stay in the USSR or leave with the seceding union republic, as well as to raise the issue of their state-legal status.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Expand_section plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="[icon]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/20px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/30px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/40px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="31" /></a></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs expansion</b>. You can help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Republics_of_the_Soviet_Union&action=edit&section=">adding to it</a>. <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">May 2017</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th class="unsortable">Emblem </th> <th>Name </th> <th class="unsortable">Flag </th> <th>Years of<br />membership </th> <th>Capital </th> <th>Official languages </th> <th>Area (km<sup>2)</sup> </th> <th>Soviet Socialist Republic </th> <th><span class="nowrap">Post-Soviet</span> subjects </th></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_the_Abkhaz_ASSR_(1978%E2%80%931992).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Emblem_of_the_Abkhaz_ASSR_%281978%E2%80%931992%29.svg/50px-Emblem_of_the_Abkhaz_ASSR_%281978%E2%80%931992%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Emblem_of_the_Abkhaz_ASSR_%281978%E2%80%931992%29.svg/75px-Emblem_of_the_Abkhaz_ASSR_%281978%E2%80%931992%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Emblem_of_the_Abkhaz_ASSR_%281978%E2%80%931992%29.svg/100px-Emblem_of_the_Abkhaz_ASSR_%281978%E2%80%931992%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="524" data-file-height="524" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Abkhaz_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Abkhaz Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Abkhaz Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic</a> </td> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Abkhaz_ASSR.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Flag_of_the_Abkhaz_ASSR.svg/100px-Flag_of_the_Abkhaz_ASSR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Flag_of_the_Abkhaz_ASSR.svg/150px-Flag_of_the_Abkhaz_ASSR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Flag_of_the_Abkhaz_ASSR.svg/200px-Flag_of_the_Abkhaz_ASSR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /></a></span> </td> <td>1931–1992 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sukhumi" title="Sukhumi">Sukhumi</a> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Abkhaz_language" title="Abkhaz language">Abkhazian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Georgian_language" title="Georgian language">Georgian</a>, Russian </td> <td>8,600 </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Flag_of_the_Georgian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281951%E2%80%931990%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Georgian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281951%E2%80%931990%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Flag_of_the_Georgian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281951%E2%80%931990%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Georgian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281951%E2%80%931990%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Flag_of_the_Georgian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281951%E2%80%931990%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Georgian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281951%E2%80%931990%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Georgian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic">Georgian SSR</a> </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_Abkhazia.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_Abkhazia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_Abkhazia.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_Abkhazia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_Abkhazia.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_Abkhazia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Abkhazia" title="Abkhazia">Abkhazia</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_the_Adjar_ASSR.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Emblem_of_the_Adjar_ASSR.svg/50px-Emblem_of_the_Adjar_ASSR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Emblem_of_the_Adjar_ASSR.svg/75px-Emblem_of_the_Adjar_ASSR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Emblem_of_the_Adjar_ASSR.svg/100px-Emblem_of_the_Adjar_ASSR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="560" data-file-height="560" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Adjarian_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Adjarian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Adjarian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Adjarian_ASSR.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Flag_of_Adjarian_ASSR.svg/100px-Flag_of_Adjarian_ASSR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Flag_of_Adjarian_ASSR.svg/150px-Flag_of_Adjarian_ASSR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Flag_of_Adjarian_ASSR.svg/200px-Flag_of_Adjarian_ASSR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /></a></span> </td> <td>1921–1990 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Batumi" title="Batumi">Batumi</a> </td> <td align="left">Georgian, Russian </td> <td>2,880 </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Flag_of_the_Georgian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281951%E2%80%931990%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Georgian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281951%E2%80%931990%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Flag_of_the_Georgian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281951%E2%80%931990%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Georgian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281951%E2%80%931990%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Flag_of_the_Georgian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281951%E2%80%931990%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Georgian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281951%E2%80%931990%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Georgian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic">Georgian SSR</a> </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Adjara.svg/23px-Flag_of_Adjara.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Adjara.svg/35px-Flag_of_Adjara.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Adjara.svg/45px-Flag_of_Adjara.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Adjara" title="Adjara">Adjara</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_Bashkir_ASSR.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Coat_of_arms_of_Bashkir_ASSR.svg/50px-Coat_of_arms_of_Bashkir_ASSR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="56" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Coat_of_arms_of_Bashkir_ASSR.svg/75px-Coat_of_arms_of_Bashkir_ASSR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Coat_of_arms_of_Bashkir_ASSR.svg/100px-Coat_of_arms_of_Bashkir_ASSR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="859" data-file-height="960" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Bashkir_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Bashkir Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Bashkir Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Bashkir_ASSR.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Flag_of_the_Bashkir_ASSR.svg/100px-Flag_of_the_Bashkir_ASSR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Flag_of_the_Bashkir_ASSR.svg/150px-Flag_of_the_Bashkir_ASSR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Flag_of_the_Bashkir_ASSR.svg/200px-Flag_of_the_Bashkir_ASSR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </td> <td>1919–1991 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ufa" title="Ufa">Ufa</a> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Bashkir_language" title="Bashkir language">Bashkir</a>, Russian </td> <td>143,600 </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic" title="Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic">Russian SFSR</a> </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Flag_of_Bashkortostan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bashkortostan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Flag_of_Bashkortostan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bashkortostan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Flag_of_Bashkortostan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Bashkortostan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Bashkortostan" title="Bashkortostan">Bashkortostan</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_the_Buryat_ASSR.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Buryat_ASSR.svg/50px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Buryat_ASSR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="55" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Buryat_ASSR.svg/75px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Buryat_ASSR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Buryat_ASSR.svg/100px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Buryat_ASSR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="473" data-file-height="516" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Buryat_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Buryat Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Buryat Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic</a> </td> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Buryat_ASSR.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Flag_of_the_Buryat_ASSR.svg/100px-Flag_of_the_Buryat_ASSR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Flag_of_the_Buryat_ASSR.svg/150px-Flag_of_the_Buryat_ASSR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Flag_of_the_Buryat_ASSR.svg/200px-Flag_of_the_Buryat_ASSR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </td> <td>1923–1990 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ulan-Ude" title="Ulan-Ude">Ulan-Ude</a> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Buryat_language" title="Buryat language">Buryat</a>, Russian </td> <td>69,857 </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic" title="Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic">Russian SFSR</a> </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Flag_of_Buryatia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Buryatia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Flag_of_Buryatia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Buryatia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Flag_of_Buryatia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Buryatia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Buryatia" title="Buryatia">Buryatia</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_Chechen-Ingush_ASSR.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Coat_of_arms_of_Chechen-Ingush_ASSR.png/50px-Coat_of_arms_of_Chechen-Ingush_ASSR.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="54" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Coat_of_arms_of_Chechen-Ingush_ASSR.png/75px-Coat_of_arms_of_Chechen-Ingush_ASSR.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Coat_of_arms_of_Chechen-Ingush_ASSR.png/100px-Coat_of_arms_of_Chechen-Ingush_ASSR.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1287" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Checheno-Ingush_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="Checheno-Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Checheno-Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic</a> </td> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Chechen-Ingush_ASSR.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Flag_of_the_Chechen-Ingush_ASSR.svg/100px-Flag_of_the_Chechen-Ingush_ASSR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Flag_of_the_Chechen-Ingush_ASSR.svg/150px-Flag_of_the_Chechen-Ingush_ASSR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Flag_of_the_Chechen-Ingush_ASSR.svg/200px-Flag_of_the_Chechen-Ingush_ASSR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </td> <td>1936–1944<br />1957–1991 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Grozny" title="Grozny">Grozny</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Chechen_language" title="Chechen language">Chechen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ingush_language" title="Ingush language">Ingush</a>, Russian </td> <td>19,300 </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic" title="Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic">Russian SFSR</a> </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Flag_of_the_Chechen_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Chechen_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Flag_of_the_Chechen_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Chechen_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Flag_of_the_Chechen_Republic.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Chechen_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Chechnya" title="Chechnya">Chechnya</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Ingushetia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ingushetia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Ingushetia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ingushetia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Ingushetia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Ingushetia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Ingushetia" title="Ingushetia">Ingushetia</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_Arms_of_Chuvash_ASSR_(1978-1992).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Coat_of_Arms_of_Chuvash_ASSR_%281978-1992%29.svg/50px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Chuvash_ASSR_%281978-1992%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="55" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Coat_of_Arms_of_Chuvash_ASSR_%281978-1992%29.svg/75px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Chuvash_ASSR_%281978-1992%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Coat_of_Arms_of_Chuvash_ASSR_%281978-1992%29.svg/100px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Chuvash_ASSR_%281978-1992%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="568" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Chuvash_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Chuvash Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Chuvash Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Chuvash_ASSR.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Flag_of_the_Chuvash_ASSR.svg/100px-Flag_of_the_Chuvash_ASSR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Flag_of_the_Chuvash_ASSR.svg/150px-Flag_of_the_Chuvash_ASSR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Flag_of_the_Chuvash_ASSR.svg/200px-Flag_of_the_Chuvash_ASSR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </td> <td>1925–1992 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cheboksary" title="Cheboksary">Cheboksary</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Chuvash_language" title="Chuvash language">Chuvash</a>, Russian </td> <td>18,300 </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic" title="Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic">Russian SFSR</a> </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Flag_of_Chuvashia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Chuvashia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Flag_of_Chuvashia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Chuvashia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Flag_of_Chuvashia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Chuvashia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="320" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Chuvashia" title="Chuvashia">Chuvashia</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_the_Dagestan_ASSR_(1978-1991).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Emblem_of_the_Dagestan_ASSR_%281978-1991%29.svg/50px-Emblem_of_the_Dagestan_ASSR_%281978-1991%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="53" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Emblem_of_the_Dagestan_ASSR_%281978-1991%29.svg/75px-Emblem_of_the_Dagestan_ASSR_%281978-1991%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Emblem_of_the_Dagestan_ASSR_%281978-1991%29.svg/100px-Emblem_of_the_Dagestan_ASSR_%281978-1991%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="953" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Dagestan_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Dagestan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Dagestan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Dagestan_ASSR.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Flag_of_the_Dagestan_ASSR.svg/100px-Flag_of_the_Dagestan_ASSR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Flag_of_the_Dagestan_ASSR.svg/150px-Flag_of_the_Dagestan_ASSR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Flag_of_the_Dagestan_ASSR.svg/200px-Flag_of_the_Dagestan_ASSR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </td> <td>1921–1991 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Makhachkala" title="Makhachkala">Makhachkala</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Aghul_language" title="Aghul language">Aghul</a>, <a href="/wiki/Avar_language" title="Avar language">Avar</a>, Azerbaijani, <a href="/wiki/Chechen_language" title="Chechen language">Chechen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kumyk_language" title="Kumyk language">Kumyk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lezgian_language" title="Lezgian language">Lezgian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lak_language" title="Lak language">Lak</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nogai_language" title="Nogai language">Nogai</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tabasaran_language" title="Tabasaran language">Tabasaran</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tat_language_(Caucasus)" title="Tat language (Caucasus)">Tat</a>, Russian </td> <td>50,300 </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic" title="Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic">Russian SFSR</a> </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_Dagestan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Dagestan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_Dagestan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Dagestan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_Dagestan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Dagestan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Dagestan" title="Dagestan">Dagestan</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Gorno-Altai_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Gorno-Altai Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Gorno-Altai Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic</a><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td> </td> <td>1990–1991 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gorno-Altaysk" title="Gorno-Altaysk">Gorno-Altaysk</a> </td> <td><span class="citation-needed-content" style="padding-left:0.1em; padding-right:0.1em; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); border:1px solid var(--border-color-subtle, #c8ccd1);"><a href="/wiki/Altai_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Altai language">Altai</a>, Russian</span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </td> <td>92,600 </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic" title="Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic">Russian SFSR</a> </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Altai_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_Altai_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Altai_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_Altai_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Altai_Republic.svg/45px-Flag_of_Altai_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Altai_Republic" title="Altai Republic">Altai Republic</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_Arms_of_Kabardino-Balkar_ASSR.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Coat_of_Arms_of_Kabardino-Balkar_ASSR.png/50px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Kabardino-Balkar_ASSR.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="56" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Coat_of_Arms_of_Kabardino-Balkar_ASSR.png/75px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Kabardino-Balkar_ASSR.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Coat_of_Arms_of_Kabardino-Balkar_ASSR.png/100px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Kabardino-Balkar_ASSR.png 2x" data-file-width="917" data-file-height="1024" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Kabardino-Balkarian_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Kabardino-Balkarian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Kabardino-Balkarian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic</a> </td> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Kabardino-Balkar_ASSR.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_the_Kabardino-Balkar_ASSR.svg/100px-Flag_of_the_Kabardino-Balkar_ASSR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_the_Kabardino-Balkar_ASSR.svg/150px-Flag_of_the_Kabardino-Balkar_ASSR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_the_Kabardino-Balkar_ASSR.svg/200px-Flag_of_the_Kabardino-Balkar_ASSR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </td> <td>1936–1944<br />1957–1991 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nalchik" title="Nalchik">Nalchik</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kabardian_language" title="Kabardian language">Kabardian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Karachay-Balkar_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Karachay-Balkar language">Karachay-Balkar</a>, Russian </td> <td>12,500 </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic" title="Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic">Russian SFSR</a> </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Flag_of_Kabardino-Balkaria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kabardino-Balkaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Flag_of_Kabardino-Balkaria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kabardino-Balkaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Flag_of_Kabardino-Balkaria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Kabardino-Balkaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Kabardino-Balkaria" title="Kabardino-Balkaria">Kabardino-Balkaria</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_Kalmyk_ASSR.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Coat_of_arms_of_Kalmyk_ASSR.svg/50px-Coat_of_arms_of_Kalmyk_ASSR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="55" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Coat_of_arms_of_Kalmyk_ASSR.svg/75px-Coat_of_arms_of_Kalmyk_ASSR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Coat_of_arms_of_Kalmyk_ASSR.svg/100px-Coat_of_arms_of_Kalmyk_ASSR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="433" data-file-height="472" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Kalmyk_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Kalmyk Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Kalmyk Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic</a> </td> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Kalmyk_ASSR.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Flag_of_Kalmyk_ASSR.svg/100px-Flag_of_Kalmyk_ASSR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Flag_of_Kalmyk_ASSR.svg/150px-Flag_of_Kalmyk_ASSR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Flag_of_Kalmyk_ASSR.svg/200px-Flag_of_Kalmyk_ASSR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </td> <td>1935–1943<br />1958–1991 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Elista" title="Elista">Elista</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kalmyk_Oirat" title="Kalmyk Oirat">Kalmyk Oirat</a>, Russian </td> <td>76,100 </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic" title="Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic">Russian SFSR</a> </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Kalmykia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kalmykia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Kalmykia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kalmykia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Kalmykia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Kalmykia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="320" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Kalmykia" title="Kalmykia">Kalmykia</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:QoraqalpogistonASSRgerbi.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/QoraqalpogistonASSRgerbi.png/50px-QoraqalpogistonASSRgerbi.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="55" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/QoraqalpogistonASSRgerbi.png/75px-QoraqalpogistonASSRgerbi.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/QoraqalpogistonASSRgerbi.png/100px-QoraqalpogistonASSRgerbi.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1773" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Karakalpak_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Karakalpak Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Karakalpak Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic</a> </td> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Karakalpak_ASSR.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Flag_of_Karakalpak_ASSR.svg/100px-Flag_of_Karakalpak_ASSR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Flag_of_Karakalpak_ASSR.svg/150px-Flag_of_Karakalpak_ASSR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Flag_of_Karakalpak_ASSR.svg/200px-Flag_of_Karakalpak_ASSR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span> </td> <td>1932–1991 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nukus" title="Nukus">Nukus</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Karakalpak_language" title="Karakalpak language">Karakalpak</a> <small>(1956-1980s)</small>, Russian </td> <td>165,000 </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_the_Uzbek_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931991%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Uzbek_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_the_Uzbek_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931991%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Uzbek_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_the_Uzbek_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931991%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Uzbek_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Uzbek_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic">Uzbek SSR</a> </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Flag_of_Karakalpakstan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Karakalpakstan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Flag_of_Karakalpakstan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Karakalpakstan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Flag_of_Karakalpakstan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Karakalpakstan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Karakalpakstan" title="Karakalpakstan">Karakalpakstan</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_Karelian_ASSR.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Coat_of_arms_of_Karelian_ASSR.svg/50px-Coat_of_arms_of_Karelian_ASSR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="54" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Coat_of_arms_of_Karelian_ASSR.svg/75px-Coat_of_arms_of_Karelian_ASSR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Coat_of_arms_of_Karelian_ASSR.svg/100px-Coat_of_arms_of_Karelian_ASSR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="407" data-file-height="441" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Karelian_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Karelian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Karelian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic</a> </td> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Karelian_ASSR.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Flag_of_Karelian_ASSR.svg/100px-Flag_of_Karelian_ASSR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Flag_of_Karelian_ASSR.svg/150px-Flag_of_Karelian_ASSR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Flag_of_Karelian_ASSR.svg/200px-Flag_of_Karelian_ASSR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </td> <td>1923–1940<br />1956–1991 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Petrozavodsk" title="Petrozavodsk">Petrozavodsk</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Finnish_language" title="Finnish language">Finnish</a> <small>(1956-1980s)</small>, Russian </td> <td>147,000 </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic" title="Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic">Russian SFSR</a> </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Flag_of_Karelia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Karelia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Flag_of_Karelia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Karelia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Flag_of_Karelia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Karelia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Karelia" title="Republic of Karelia">Karelia</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_Komi_ASSR.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Coat_of_arms_of_Komi_ASSR.svg/50px-Coat_of_arms_of_Komi_ASSR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="55" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Coat_of_arms_of_Komi_ASSR.svg/75px-Coat_of_arms_of_Komi_ASSR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Coat_of_arms_of_Komi_ASSR.svg/100px-Coat_of_arms_of_Komi_ASSR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="432" data-file-height="471" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Komi_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Komi Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Komi Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic</a> </td> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Komi_ASSR.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Flag_of_the_Komi_ASSR.svg/100px-Flag_of_the_Komi_ASSR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Flag_of_the_Komi_ASSR.svg/150px-Flag_of_the_Komi_ASSR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Flag_of_the_Komi_ASSR.svg/200px-Flag_of_the_Komi_ASSR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </td> <td>1936–1990 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Syktyvkar" title="Syktyvkar">Syktyvkar</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Komi_language" title="Komi language">Komi</a>, Russian </td> <td>415,900 </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic" title="Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic">Russian SFSR</a> </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Flag_of_Komi.svg/23px-Flag_of_Komi.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Flag_of_Komi.svg/35px-Flag_of_Komi.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Flag_of_Komi.svg/45px-Flag_of_Komi.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Komi_Republic" title="Komi Republic">Komi Republic</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_Mari_ASSR.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Coat_of_arms_of_Mari_ASSR.svg/50px-Coat_of_arms_of_Mari_ASSR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="54" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Coat_of_arms_of_Mari_ASSR.svg/75px-Coat_of_arms_of_Mari_ASSR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Coat_of_arms_of_Mari_ASSR.svg/100px-Coat_of_arms_of_Mari_ASSR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="385" data-file-height="419" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Mari_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Mari Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Mari Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic</a> </td> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Mari_ASSR.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Flag_of_Mari_ASSR.svg/100px-Flag_of_Mari_ASSR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Flag_of_Mari_ASSR.svg/150px-Flag_of_Mari_ASSR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Flag_of_Mari_ASSR.svg/200px-Flag_of_Mari_ASSR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </td> <td>1936–1990 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Yoshkar-Ola" title="Yoshkar-Ola">Yoshkar-Ola</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mari_language" title="Mari language">Mari</a> <small>(<a href="/wiki/Meadow_Mari_language" title="Meadow Mari language">Meadow</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hill_Mari_language" title="Hill Mari language">Hill</a> variants)</small>, Russian </td> <td>23,200 </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic" title="Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic">Russian SFSR</a> </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Flag_of_Mari_El.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mari_El.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Flag_of_Mari_El.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mari_El.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Flag_of_Mari_El.svg/45px-Flag_of_Mari_El.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Mari_El" title="Mari El">Mari El</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_Arms_of_Mordovian_ASSR.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Coat_of_Arms_of_Mordovian_ASSR.png/50px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Mordovian_ASSR.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="56" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Coat_of_Arms_of_Mordovian_ASSR.png/75px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Mordovian_ASSR.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Coat_of_Arms_of_Mordovian_ASSR.png/100px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Mordovian_ASSR.png 2x" data-file-width="2920" data-file-height="3264" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Mordovian_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Mordovian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Mordovian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Mordovian_ASSR.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_Mordovian_ASSR.svg/100px-Flag_of_Mordovian_ASSR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_Mordovian_ASSR.svg/150px-Flag_of_Mordovian_ASSR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_Mordovian_ASSR.svg/200px-Flag_of_Mordovian_ASSR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </td> <td>1934–1990 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Saransk" title="Saransk">Saransk</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Erzya_language" title="Erzya language">Erzya</a>, <a href="/wiki/Moksha_language" title="Moksha language">Moksha</a>, Russian </td> <td>26,200 </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic" title="Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic">Russian SFSR</a> </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_Mordovia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mordovia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_Mordovia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mordovia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_Mordovia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Mordovia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Mordovia" title="Mordovia">Mordovia</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_Arms_of_Nakhichevan_ASSR.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Coat_of_Arms_of_Nakhichevan_ASSR.png/50px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Nakhichevan_ASSR.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="56" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Coat_of_Arms_of_Nakhichevan_ASSR.png/75px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Nakhichevan_ASSR.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Coat_of_Arms_of_Nakhichevan_ASSR.png/100px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Nakhichevan_ASSR.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="223" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Nakhichevan_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Nakhichevan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Nakhichevan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic</a> </td> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Nakhichevan_ASSR_(1978%E2%80%931990).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Flag_of_the_Nakhichevan_ASSR_%281978%E2%80%931990%29.svg/100px-Flag_of_the_Nakhichevan_ASSR_%281978%E2%80%931990%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Flag_of_the_Nakhichevan_ASSR_%281978%E2%80%931990%29.svg/150px-Flag_of_the_Nakhichevan_ASSR_%281978%E2%80%931990%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Flag_of_the_Nakhichevan_ASSR_%281978%E2%80%931990%29.svg/200px-Flag_of_the_Nakhichevan_ASSR_%281978%E2%80%931990%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </td> <td>1921–1990 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nakhchivan_(city)" title="Nakhchivan (city)">Nakhichevan</a> </td> <td>Azerbaijani, Russian </td> <td>5,500 </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Flag_of_the_Azerbaijan_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931991%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Azerbaijan_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Flag_of_the_Azerbaijan_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931991%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Azerbaijan_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Flag_of_the_Azerbaijan_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931991%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Azerbaijan_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic">Azerbaijan SSR</a></span> </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Nakhchivan_Autonomous_Republic" title="Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic">Nakhchivan</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_North_Ossetian_ASSR.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Coat_of_arms_of_North_Ossetian_ASSR.svg/50px-Coat_of_arms_of_North_Ossetian_ASSR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="56" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Coat_of_arms_of_North_Ossetian_ASSR.svg/75px-Coat_of_arms_of_North_Ossetian_ASSR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Coat_of_arms_of_North_Ossetian_ASSR.svg/100px-Coat_of_arms_of_North_Ossetian_ASSR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="860" data-file-height="961" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/North_Ossetian_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="North Ossetian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">North Ossetian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic</a> </td> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_North_Ossetian_ASSR.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_the_North_Ossetian_ASSR.svg/100px-Flag_of_the_North_Ossetian_ASSR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_the_North_Ossetian_ASSR.svg/150px-Flag_of_the_North_Ossetian_ASSR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_the_North_Ossetian_ASSR.svg/200px-Flag_of_the_North_Ossetian_ASSR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </td> <td>1936–1993 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vladikavkaz" title="Vladikavkaz">Ordzhonikidze</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ossetian_language" title="Ossetian language">Ossetian</a>, Russian </td> <td>8,000 </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic" title="Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic">Russian SFSR</a> </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Flag_of_North_Ossetia.svg/23px-Flag_of_North_Ossetia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Flag_of_North_Ossetia.svg/35px-Flag_of_North_Ossetia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Flag_of_North_Ossetia.svg/46px-Flag_of_North_Ossetia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/North_Ossetia%E2%80%93Alania" title="North Ossetia–Alania">North Ossetia</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_Arms_of_Tatarstan_ASSR.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Coat_of_Arms_of_Tatarstan_ASSR.png/50px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Tatarstan_ASSR.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="56" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Coat_of_Arms_of_Tatarstan_ASSR.png/75px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Tatarstan_ASSR.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Coat_of_Arms_of_Tatarstan_ASSR.png/100px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Tatarstan_ASSR.png 2x" data-file-width="2920" data-file-height="3264" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Tatar_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Tatar Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Tatar Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic</a> </td> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Tatar_ASSR.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Flag_of_Tatar_ASSR.svg/100px-Flag_of_Tatar_ASSR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Flag_of_Tatar_ASSR.svg/150px-Flag_of_Tatar_ASSR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Flag_of_Tatar_ASSR.svg/200px-Flag_of_Tatar_ASSR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </td> <td>1920–1990 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kazan" title="Kazan">Kazan</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tatar_language" title="Tatar language">Tatar</a>, Russian </td> <td>68,000 </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic" title="Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic">Russian SFSR</a> </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Flag_of_Tatarstan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Tatarstan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Flag_of_Tatarstan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Tatarstan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Flag_of_Tatarstan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Tatarstan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Tatarstan" title="Tatarstan">Tatarstan</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_the_Tuvan_ASSR_(1978-1992).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Tuvan_ASSR_%281978-1992%29.svg/50px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Tuvan_ASSR_%281978-1992%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="56" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Tuvan_ASSR_%281978-1992%29.svg/75px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Tuvan_ASSR_%281978-1992%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Tuvan_ASSR_%281978-1992%29.svg/100px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Tuvan_ASSR_%281978-1992%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="863" data-file-height="964" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Tuvan_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Tuvan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Tuvan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic</a> </td> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Tuvan_ASSR_(1978-1992).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Tuvan_ASSR_%281978-1992%29.svg/100px-Flag_of_Tuvan_ASSR_%281978-1992%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Tuvan_ASSR_%281978-1992%29.svg/150px-Flag_of_Tuvan_ASSR_%281978-1992%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Tuvan_ASSR_%281978-1992%29.svg/200px-Flag_of_Tuvan_ASSR_%281978-1992%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="900" /></a></span> </td> <td>1961–1992 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kyzyl" title="Kyzyl">Kyzyl</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tuvan_language" title="Tuvan language">Tuvan</a>, Russian </td> <td>170,500 </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic" title="Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic">Russian SFSR</a> </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Tuva.svg/23px-Flag_of_Tuva.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Tuva.svg/35px-Flag_of_Tuva.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Tuva.svg/45px-Flag_of_Tuva.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Tuva" title="Tuva">Tuva</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_Arms_of_Udmurt_ASSR.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Coat_of_Arms_of_Udmurt_ASSR.png/50px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Udmurt_ASSR.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="54" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Coat_of_Arms_of_Udmurt_ASSR.png/75px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Udmurt_ASSR.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Coat_of_Arms_of_Udmurt_ASSR.png/100px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Udmurt_ASSR.png 2x" data-file-width="414" data-file-height="450" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Udmurt_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Udmurt Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Udmurt Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic</a> </td> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Udmurt_ASSR.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Flag_of_Udmurt_ASSR.svg/100px-Flag_of_Udmurt_ASSR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Flag_of_Udmurt_ASSR.svg/150px-Flag_of_Udmurt_ASSR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Flag_of_Udmurt_ASSR.svg/200px-Flag_of_Udmurt_ASSR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </td> <td>1934–1990 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Izhevsk" title="Izhevsk">Izhevsk</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Udmurt_language" title="Udmurt language">Udmurt</a>, Russian </td> <td>42,100 </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic" title="Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic">Russian SFSR</a> </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Udmurtia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Udmurtia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Udmurtia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Udmurtia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Udmurtia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Udmurtia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="540" data-file-height="270" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Udmurtia" title="Udmurtia">Udmurtia</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_the_Yakut_ASSR.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Emblem_of_the_Yakut_ASSR.svg/50px-Emblem_of_the_Yakut_ASSR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="56" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Emblem_of_the_Yakut_ASSR.svg/75px-Emblem_of_the_Yakut_ASSR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Emblem_of_the_Yakut_ASSR.svg/100px-Emblem_of_the_Yakut_ASSR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="859" data-file-height="960" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Yakut_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Yakut Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Yakut Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic</a> </td> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Yakut_ASSR.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_the_Yakut_ASSR.svg/100px-Flag_of_the_Yakut_ASSR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_the_Yakut_ASSR.svg/150px-Flag_of_the_Yakut_ASSR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_the_Yakut_ASSR.svg/200px-Flag_of_the_Yakut_ASSR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </td> <td>1922–1991 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Yakutsk" title="Yakutsk">Yakutsk</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Yakut_language" title="Yakut language">Yakut</a>, Russian </td> <td>3,083,523 </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic" title="Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic">Russian SFSR</a> </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Flag_of_Sakha.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sakha.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Flag_of_Sakha.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sakha.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Flag_of_Sakha.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sakha.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="256" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Yakutia" class="mw-redirect" title="Yakutia">Sakha Republic</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Former_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republics_of_the_Soviet_Union">Former Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republics of the Soviet Union</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Republics_of_the_Soviet_Union&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Former Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republics of the Soviet Union"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Expand_section plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="[icon]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/20px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/30px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/40px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="31" /></a></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs expansion</b>. You can help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Republics_of_the_Soviet_Union&action=edit&section=">adding to it</a>. <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">December 2018</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr> <th class="unsortable">Emblem </th> <th>Name </th> <th class="unsortable">Flag </th> <th>Capital </th> <th>Titular nationality </th> <th>Years of<br />membership </th> <th>Population </th> <th>Area (km<sup>2</sup>) </th> <th>Soviet Socialist Republic </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Post-Soviet_states" title="Post-Soviet states"><span class="nowrap">Post-Soviet</span> states</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_Crimean_ASSR.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Coat_of_arms_of_Crimean_ASSR.svg/50px-Coat_of_arms_of_Crimean_ASSR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="52" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Coat_of_arms_of_Crimean_ASSR.svg/75px-Coat_of_arms_of_Crimean_ASSR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Coat_of_arms_of_Crimean_ASSR.svg/100px-Coat_of_arms_of_Crimean_ASSR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="854" data-file-height="884" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Crimean_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="Crimean Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Crimean Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic</a> </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Crimean_ASSR_(1938).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Flag_of_the_Crimean_ASSR_%281938%29.svg/100px-Flag_of_the_Crimean_ASSR_%281938%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Flag_of_the_Crimean_ASSR_%281938%29.svg/150px-Flag_of_the_Crimean_ASSR_%281938%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Flag_of_the_Crimean_ASSR_%281938%29.svg/200px-Flag_of_the_Crimean_ASSR_%281938%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1063" data-file-height="531" /></a></span> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Simferopol" title="Simferopol">Simferopol</a> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Crimean_Tatars" title="Crimean Tatars">Crimean Tatars</a><hr />Russians </td> <td align="left">1921–1945<hr />1991–1992 </td> <td align="left">1,126,000<br /><small>(1939)</small> </td> <td align="left">26,860 </td> <td align="left"><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic" title="Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic">Russian SFSR</a></span><hr /><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Flag_of_the_Ukrainian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281949%E2%80%931991%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Ukrainian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281949%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Flag_of_the_Ukrainian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281949%E2%80%931991%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Ukrainian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281949%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Flag_of_the_Ukrainian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281949%E2%80%931991%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Ukrainian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281949%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic">Ukrainian SSR</a></span> </td> <td align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/45px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a><br /><i><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a></i> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_Arms_of_Kabardino-Balkar_ASSR.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Coat_of_Arms_of_Kabardino-Balkar_ASSR.png/50px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Kabardino-Balkar_ASSR.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="56" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Coat_of_Arms_of_Kabardino-Balkar_ASSR.png/75px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Kabardino-Balkar_ASSR.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Coat_of_Arms_of_Kabardino-Balkar_ASSR.png/100px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Kabardino-Balkar_ASSR.png 2x" data-file-width="917" data-file-height="1024" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Kabardin_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="Kabardin Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Kabardin Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic</a> </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Kabardin_ASSR_(1954-1957).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_the_Kabardin_ASSR_%281954-1957%29.svg/100px-Flag_of_the_Kabardin_ASSR_%281954-1957%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_the_Kabardin_ASSR_%281954-1957%29.svg/150px-Flag_of_the_Kabardin_ASSR_%281954-1957%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_the_Kabardin_ASSR_%281954-1957%29.svg/200px-Flag_of_the_Kabardin_ASSR_%281954-1957%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Nalchik" title="Nalchik">Nalchik</a> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Kabardians" title="Kabardians">Kabardians</a> </td> <td align="left">1944–1957 </td> <td align="left">420,115<br /><small>(1959)</small> </td> <td align="left">12,470 </td> <td align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic" title="Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic">Russian SFSR</a> </td> <td align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_the_Kirghiz_ASSR_(1921-1925).gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Kirghiz_ASSR_%281921-1925%29.gif/50px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Kirghiz_ASSR_%281921-1925%29.gif" decoding="async" width="50" height="49" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Kirghiz_ASSR_%281921-1925%29.gif/75px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Kirghiz_ASSR_%281921-1925%29.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Kirghiz_ASSR_%281921-1925%29.gif/100px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Kirghiz_ASSR_%281921-1925%29.gif 2x" data-file-width="223" data-file-height="220" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Kirghiz_Autonomous_Socialist_Soviet_Republic_(1920%E2%80%931925)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kirghiz Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic (1920–1925)">Kirghiz Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic</a> </td> <td rowspan="2" align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_The_Kazakh_Autonomous_Socialist_Soviet_Republic_(1920-36).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Flag_of_The_Kazakh_Autonomous_Socialist_Soviet_Republic_%281920-36%29.svg/100px-Flag_of_The_Kazakh_Autonomous_Socialist_Soviet_Republic_%281920-36%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Flag_of_The_Kazakh_Autonomous_Socialist_Soviet_Republic_%281920-36%29.svg/150px-Flag_of_The_Kazakh_Autonomous_Socialist_Soviet_Republic_%281920-36%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Flag_of_The_Kazakh_Autonomous_Socialist_Soviet_Republic_%281920-36%29.svg/200px-Flag_of_The_Kazakh_Autonomous_Socialist_Soviet_Republic_%281920-36%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /></a></span> </td> <td rowspan="2" align="left"><a href="/wiki/Almaty" title="Almaty">Alma-Ata</a> </td> <td rowspan="2" align="left"><a href="/wiki/Kazakhs" title="Kazakhs">Kazakhs</a> </td> <td align="left">1920–1925 </td> <td rowspan="2" align="left">6,503,000<br /><small>(1926)</small> </td> <td rowspan="2" align="left">2,960,000 </td> <td rowspan="2" align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic" title="Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic">Russian SFSR</a> </td> <td rowspan="2" align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Uzbekistan" title="Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Kazakh_ASSR_(1927-1937).gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Kazakh_ASSR_%281927-1937%29.gif/50px-Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Kazakh_ASSR_%281927-1937%29.gif" decoding="async" width="50" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Kazakh_ASSR_%281927-1937%29.gif/75px-Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Kazakh_ASSR_%281927-1937%29.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Kazakh_ASSR_%281927-1937%29.gif/100px-Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Kazakh_ASSR_%281927-1937%29.gif 2x" data-file-width="184" data-file-height="220" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Kazakh_Autonomous_Socialist_Soviet_Republic" title="Kazakh Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic">Kazakh Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic</a> </td> <td align="left">1925–1936 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Kirghiz_Autonomous_Socialist_Soviet_Republic_(1926%E2%80%931936)" title="Kirghiz Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic (1926–1936)">Kirghiz Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic</a> </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Kirghiz_ASSR_(1929-1937).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_Kirghiz_ASSR_%281929-1937%29.svg/100px-Flag_of_the_Kirghiz_ASSR_%281929-1937%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_Kirghiz_ASSR_%281929-1937%29.svg/150px-Flag_of_the_Kirghiz_ASSR_%281929-1937%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_Kirghiz_ASSR_%281929-1937%29.svg/200px-Flag_of_the_Kirghiz_ASSR_%281929-1937%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Bishkek" title="Bishkek">Frunze</a> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Kyrgyz_people" title="Kyrgyz people">Kyrgyz</a> </td> <td align="left">1926–1936 </td> <td align="left">993,000<br /><small>(1926)</small> </td> <td align="left">196,129 </td> <td align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic" title="Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic">Russian SFSR</a> </td> <td align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Kyrgyzstan" title="Kyrgyzstan">Kyrgyzstan</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_Arms_of_Moldavian_ASSR_(1927-1938).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Coat_of_Arms_of_Moldavian_ASSR_%281927-1938%29.png/50px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Moldavian_ASSR_%281927-1938%29.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Coat_of_Arms_of_Moldavian_ASSR_%281927-1938%29.png/75px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Moldavian_ASSR_%281927-1938%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Coat_of_Arms_of_Moldavian_ASSR_%281927-1938%29.png/100px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Moldavian_ASSR_%281927-1938%29.png 2x" data-file-width="219" data-file-height="220" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Moldavian_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Moldavian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Moldavian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic</a> </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Moldavian_ASSR_(1925-1932).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Flag_of_the_Moldavian_ASSR_%281925-1932%29.svg/100px-Flag_of_the_Moldavian_ASSR_%281925-1932%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Flag_of_the_Moldavian_ASSR_%281925-1932%29.svg/150px-Flag_of_the_Moldavian_ASSR_%281925-1932%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Flag_of_the_Moldavian_ASSR_%281925-1932%29.svg/200px-Flag_of_the_Moldavian_ASSR_%281925-1932%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /></a></span> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Tiraspol" title="Tiraspol">Tiraspol</a> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Moldovans" title="Moldovans">Moldovans</a> </td> <td align="left">1924–1940 </td> <td align="left">599,150<br /><small>(1939)</small> </td> <td align="left">8,288 </td> <td align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Flag_of_the_Ukrainian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281949%E2%80%931991%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Ukrainian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281949%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Flag_of_the_Ukrainian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281949%E2%80%931991%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Ukrainian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281949%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Flag_of_the_Ukrainian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281949%E2%80%931991%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Ukrainian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281949%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic">Ukrainian SSR</a> </td> <td align="left"><i><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Transnistria_%28state%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Transnistria_%28state%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Transnistria_%28state%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Transnistria_%28state%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Transnistria_%28state%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Transnistria_%28state%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Transnistria" title="Transnistria">Transnistria</a></i><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Moldova.svg/23px-Flag_of_Moldova.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Moldova.svg/35px-Flag_of_Moldova.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Moldova.svg/46px-Flag_of_Moldova.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="900" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Moldova" title="Moldova">Moldova</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/45px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Mountain_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Mountain Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Mountain Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic</a> </td> <td align="center"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_(1918%E2%80%931925).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281918%E2%80%931925%29.svg/114px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281918%E2%80%931925%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="114" height="57" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281918%E2%80%931925%29.svg/171px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281918%E2%80%931925%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281918%E2%80%931925%29.svg/228px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281918%E2%80%931925%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Vladikavkaz" title="Vladikavkaz">Vladikavkaz</a> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Balkars" title="Balkars">Balkars</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chechens" title="Chechens">Chechens</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ingush_people" title="Ingush people">Ingush</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kabardians" title="Kabardians">Kabardians</a>, <a href="/wiki/Karachays" title="Karachays">Karachays</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ossetians" title="Ossetians">Ossetians</a>, <a href="/wiki/Terek_Cossacks" title="Terek Cossacks">Terek Cossacks</a> </td> <td align="left">1921–1924 </td> <td align="left">1,286,000<br /><small>(1921)</small> </td> <td align="left">74,000 </td> <td align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic" title="Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic">Russian SFSR</a> </td> <td align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_Arms_of_Tajik_ASSR.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Coat_of_Arms_of_Tajik_ASSR.png/50px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Tajik_ASSR.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Coat_of_Arms_of_Tajik_ASSR.png/75px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Tajik_ASSR.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Coat_of_Arms_of_Tajik_ASSR.png/100px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Tajik_ASSR.png 2x" data-file-width="219" data-file-height="220" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Tajik_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Tajik Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Tajik Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic</a> </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Tajik_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_(1924-1929).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Flag_of_the_Tajik_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281924-1929%29.svg/100px-Flag_of_the_Tajik_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281924-1929%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Flag_of_the_Tajik_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281924-1929%29.svg/150px-Flag_of_the_Tajik_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281924-1929%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Flag_of_the_Tajik_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281924-1929%29.svg/200px-Flag_of_the_Tajik_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281924-1929%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1156" data-file-height="577" /></a></span> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Dushanbe" title="Dushanbe">Dushanbe</a> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Tajiks" title="Tajiks">Tajiks</a> </td> <td align="left">1924–1929 </td> <td align="left">740,000<br /><small>(1924)</small> </td> <td align="left"> </td> <td align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_the_Uzbek_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931991%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Uzbek_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_the_Uzbek_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931991%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Uzbek_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_the_Uzbek_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931991%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Uzbek_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Uzbek_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic">Uzbek SSR</a> </td> <td align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Tajikistan" title="Tajikistan">Tajikistan</a><br /> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_the_Turkestan_ASSR.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Emblem_of_the_Turkestan_ASSR.svg/50px-Emblem_of_the_Turkestan_ASSR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="52" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Emblem_of_the_Turkestan_ASSR.svg/75px-Emblem_of_the_Turkestan_ASSR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Emblem_of_the_Turkestan_ASSR.svg/100px-Emblem_of_the_Turkestan_ASSR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="850" data-file-height="888" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Turkestan_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Turkestan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Turkestan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic</a> </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Turkestan_Autonomous_SSR_Flag.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Turkestan_Autonomous_SSR_Flag.svg/100px-Turkestan_Autonomous_SSR_Flag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Turkestan_Autonomous_SSR_Flag.svg/150px-Turkestan_Autonomous_SSR_Flag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Turkestan_Autonomous_SSR_Flag.svg/200px-Turkestan_Autonomous_SSR_Flag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="150" /></a></span> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Tashkent" title="Tashkent">Tashkent</a> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Uzbeks" title="Uzbeks">Uzbeks</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kazakhs" title="Kazakhs">Kazakhs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kyrgyz_people" title="Kyrgyz people">Kyrgyz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tajiks" title="Tajiks">Tajiks</a>, <a href="/wiki/Turkmens" title="Turkmens">Turkmens</a> </td> <td align="left">1918–1924 </td> <td align="left">5,221,963<br /><small>(1920)</small> </td> <td align="left"> </td> <td align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic" title="Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic">Russian SFSR</a> </td> <td align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Uzbekistan" title="Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</a><br /><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Turkmenistan" title="Turkmenistan">Turkmenistan</a></span><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Tajikistan" title="Tajikistan">Tajikistan</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Kyrgyzstan" title="Kyrgyzstan">Kyrgyzstan</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_Volga_German_ASSR.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Coat_of_arms_of_Volga_German_ASSR.svg/50px-Coat_of_arms_of_Volga_German_ASSR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="52" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Coat_of_arms_of_Volga_German_ASSR.svg/75px-Coat_of_arms_of_Volga_German_ASSR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Coat_of_arms_of_Volga_German_ASSR.svg/100px-Coat_of_arms_of_Volga_German_ASSR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="854" data-file-height="884" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Volga_German_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Volga German Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Volga German Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic</a> </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Volga_German_ASSR.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Flag_of_Volga_German_ASSR.svg/100px-Flag_of_Volga_German_ASSR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Flag_of_Volga_German_ASSR.svg/150px-Flag_of_Volga_German_ASSR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Flag_of_Volga_German_ASSR.svg/200px-Flag_of_Volga_German_ASSR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Engels,_Saratov_Oblast" title="Engels, Saratov Oblast">Engels</a> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Soviet_Germans" class="mw-redirect" title="Soviet Germans">Soviet Germans</a> </td> <td align="left">1923–1941 </td> <td align="left">606,532<br /><small>(1939)</small> </td> <td align="left">27,400 </td> <td align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic" title="Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic">Russian SFSR</a> </td> <td align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union">Dissolution of the Soviet Union</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Republics_of_the_Soviet_Union&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Dissolution of the Soviet Union"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Dissolution of the Soviet Union">Dissolution of the Soviet Union</a></div> <p>Starting in the late 1980s, under the rule of <a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Gorbachev" title="Mikhail Gorbachev">Mikhail Gorbachev</a>, the Soviet government undertook a program of political reforms (<i><a href="/wiki/Glasnost" title="Glasnost">glasnost</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Perestroika" title="Perestroika">perestroika</a></i>) intended to liberalise and revitalise the Union. These measures, however, had a number of unintended political and social effects. Political liberalisation allowed the governments of the union republics to openly invoke the principles of democracy and nationalism to gain legitimacy. In addition, the loosening of political restrictions led to fractures within the Communist Party which resulted in a reduced ability to govern the Union effectively. The rise of nationalist and right-wing movements, notably led by <a href="/wiki/Boris_Yeltsin" title="Boris Yeltsin">Boris Yeltsin</a> in Russia, in the previously homogeneous political system undermined the Union's foundations. With the central role of the Communist Party removed from the constitution, the Party lost its control over the State machinery and was banned from operating after <a href="/wiki/1991_Soviet_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat_attempt" class="mw-redirect" title="1991 Soviet coup d'état attempt">an attempted coup d'état</a>. </p><p>Throughout this period of turmoil, the Soviet government attempted to find a new structure that would reflect the increased authority of the republics. Some autonomous republics, like <a href="/wiki/Tatarstan" title="Tatarstan">Tatarstan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Checheno-Ingushetia" class="mw-redirect" title="Checheno-Ingushetia">Checheno-Ingushetia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Abkhazia" title="Abkhazia">Abkhazia</a>, <a href="/wiki/South_Ossetia" title="South Ossetia">South Ossetia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Crimea" title="Crimea">Crimea</a>, <a href="/wiki/Transnistria" title="Transnistria">Transnistria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gagauzia" title="Gagauzia">Gagauzia</a> sought the union statute in the New Union Treaty. Efforts to found a <a href="/wiki/New_Union_Treaty" title="New Union Treaty">New Union Treaty</a>, however, proved unsuccessful and the republics began to secede from the Union. By 6 September 1991, the Soviet Union's <a href="/wiki/State_Council_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="State Council of the Soviet Union">State Council</a> recognized the independence of <a href="/wiki/Estonia" title="Estonia">Estonia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Latvia" title="Latvia">Latvia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lithuania" title="Lithuania">Lithuania</a> bringing the number of union republics down to 12. On 8 December 1991, the remaining leaders of the republics signed the <a href="/wiki/Belavezha_Accords" class="mw-redirect" title="Belavezha Accords">Belavezha Accords</a> which agreed that the USSR would be dissolved and replaced with a <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_Independent_States" title="Commonwealth of Independent States">Commonwealth of Independent States</a>. On 25 December, President Gorbachev announced his resignation and turned all executive powers over to Yeltsin. The next day the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_of_Nationalities" title="Soviet of Nationalities">Council of Republics</a> voted to <a href="/wiki/Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Dissolution of the Soviet Union">dissolve the Union</a>. Since then, the republics have been governed independently with some reconstituting themselves as liberal parliamentary republics and others, particularly in <a href="/wiki/Central_Asia" title="Central Asia">Central Asia</a>, devolving into highly autocratic states under the leadership of the old Party elite. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Republics_of_the_Soviet_Union&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flags_of_the_Soviet_Republics" title="Flags of the Soviet Republics">Flags of the Soviet Republics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emblems_of_the_Soviet_Republics" title="Emblems of the Soviet Republics">Emblems of the Soviet Republics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_Independent_States" title="Commonwealth of Independent States">Commonwealth of Independent States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurasian_Economic_Union" title="Eurasian Economic Union">Eurasian Economic Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_delimitation_in_the_Soviet_Union" title="National delimitation in the Soviet Union">National delimitation in the Soviet Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bavarian_Soviet_Republic" title="Bavarian Soviet Republic">Bavarian Soviet Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Soviet_Republic" title="Hungarian Soviet Republic">Hungarian Soviet Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovak_Soviet_Republic" title="Slovak Soviet Republic">Slovak Soviet Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limerick_Soviet" title="Limerick Soviet">Limerick Soviet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris_Commune" title="Paris Commune">Paris Commune</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provisional_Polish_Revolutionary_Committee" title="Provisional Polish Revolutionary Committee">Provisional Polish Revolutionary Committee</a> (Polish SSR)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republics_of_Russia" title="Republics of Russia">Republics of Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_subjects_of_Russia" title="Federal subjects of Russia">Federal subjects of Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-Soviet_states" title="Post-Soviet states">Post-Soviet states</a> (former Soviet Republics)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Republics_of_the_Soviet_Union&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Baltic_states_status-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Baltic_states_status_20-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Baltic_states_status_20-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Baltic_states_status_20-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">The <a href="/wiki/Annexation_of_the_Baltic_republics" class="mw-redirect" title="Annexation of the Baltic republics">annexation of the Baltic republics</a> in 1940 is considered an illegal occupation by the current Baltic governments and by a number of foreign countries.<sup id="cite_ref-Latvia_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Latvia-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Court_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Court-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-UN_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UN-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-USA_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USA-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Soviet Union considered the initial annexation legal, but officially recognized their independence on 6 September 1991, three months prior to its final dissolution</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Baltic_annexations-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Baltic_annexations_21-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Baltic_annexations_21-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Baltic_annexations_21-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Not internationally recognized, independent republic continued <i>de jure.</i></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Known as <i>Oyrot Autonomous Oblast</i> in 1922-1948 and <a href="/wiki/Gorno-Altai_Autonomous_Oblast" title="Gorno-Altai Autonomous Oblast">Gorno-Altai Autonomous Oblast</a> in 1948-1990.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Republics_of_the_Soviet_Union&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFHough1997" class="citation book cs1">Hough, Jerry F (1997). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/democratizationr00houg"><i>Democratization and revolution in the USSR, 1985-1991</i></a></span>. Brookings Institution Press. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/democratizationr00houg/page/214">214</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8157-3749-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-8157-3749-1"><bdi>0-8157-3749-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Democratization+and+revolution+in+the+USSR%2C+1985-1991&rft.pages=214&rft.pub=Brookings+Institution+Press&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=0-8157-3749-1&rft.aulast=Hough&rft.aufirst=Jerry+F&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fdemocratizationr00houg&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARepublics+of+the+Soviet+Union" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://welcome-karelia.ru/kareliya-vo-vtoroy-polovine-1940-ch-v-1960-e-gg/obschestvenno-politicheskaya-zhizn-v-respublike-chast-2">Карелия во второй половине 1940-х — в 1960-е (Karelia in the second half of 1940s - 1960s)</a> (in Russian)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=K6Gt3FE5YHMC"><i>Federalism and the Dictatorship of Power in Russia By Mikhail Stoliarov</i></a>. Taylor & Francis. 2014. p. 56. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-415-30153-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-415-30153-4"><bdi>978-0-415-30153-4</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 February</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Federalism+and+the+Dictatorship+of+Power+in+Russia+By+Mikhail+Stoliarov&rft.pages=56&rft.pub=Taylor+%26+Francis&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-0-415-30153-4&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DK6Gt3FE5YHMC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARepublics+of+the+Soviet+Union" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=NAQtAAAAIBAJ&pg=3477,829499&hl=en">"Walter Duranty Explains Changes In Soviet Constitution"</a>. <i>Miami News</i>. 6 February 1944<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 February</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Miami+News&rft.atitle=Walter+Duranty+Explains+Changes+In+Soviet+Constitution&rft.date=1944-02-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3DNAQtAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D3477%2C829499%26hl%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARepublics+of+the+Soviet+Union" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged April 2024">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130615123043/http://www.indiana.edu/~league/1944.htm">"League of Nations Timeline – Chronology 1944"</a>. Indiana.edu. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.indiana.edu/~league/1944.htm">the original</a> on 15 June 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 February</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=League+of+Nations+Timeline+%E2%80%93+Chronology+1944&rft.pub=Indiana.edu&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.indiana.edu%2F~league%2F1944.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARepublics+of+the+Soviet+Union" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.un.org/depts/dhl/unms/founders.shtml">"United Nations – Founding Members"</a>. Un.org<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 February</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=United+Nations+%E2%80%93+Founding+Members&rft.pub=Un.org&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.un.org%2Fdepts%2Fdhl%2Funms%2Ffounders.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARepublics+of+the+Soviet+Union" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Latvia-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Latvia_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Latvia_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111124083521/http://www.am.gov.lv/en/latvia/history/occupation-aspects/">"The Occupation of Latvia at Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Latvia"</a>. Am.gov. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.am.gov.lv/en/latvia/history/occupation-aspects">the original</a> on 24 November 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 October</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Occupation+of+Latvia+at+Ministry+of+Foreign+Affairs+of+the+Republic+of+Latvia&rft.pub=Am.gov&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.am.gov.lv%2Fen%2Flatvia%2Fhistory%2Foccupation-aspects&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARepublics+of+the+Soviet+Union" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070929120952/http://newsfromrussia.com/cis/2005/05/03/59549.html">"Estonia says Soviet occupation justifies it staying away from Moscow celebrations"</a>. <i>Pravda.Ru</i>. 3 May 2005. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://newsfromrussia.com:80/cis/2005/05/03/59549.html">the original</a> on 29 September 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pravda.Ru&rft.atitle=Estonia+says+Soviet+occupation+justifies+it+staying+away+from+Moscow+celebrations&rft.date=2005-05-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnewsfromrussia.com%3A80%2Fcis%2F2005%2F05%2F03%2F59549.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARepublics+of+the+Soviet+Union" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-EU-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-EU_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-//EP//NONSGML+MOTION+B6-2007-0215+0+DOC+PDF+V0//EN">Motion for a resolution on the Situation in Estonia</a> by the <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">EU</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Court-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Court_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Court_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/European_Court_of_Human_Rights_cases_on_Occupation_of_Baltic_States" class="mw-redirect" title="European Court of Human Rights cases on Occupation of Baltic States">European Court of Human Rights cases on Occupation of Baltic States</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-UN-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-UN_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-UN_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ap.ohchr.org/documents/dpage_e.aspx?c=62&su=70">"UNITED NATIONS Human Rights Council Report"</a>. Ap.ohchr.org<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 February</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=UNITED+NATIONS+Human+Rights+Council+Report&rft.pub=Ap.ohchr.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fap.ohchr.org%2Fdocuments%2Fdpage_e.aspx%3Fc%3D62%26su%3D70&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARepublics+of+the+Soviet+Union" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-USA-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-USA_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-USA_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120819185542/http://merln.ndu.edu/archivepdf/EUR/State/86539.pdf">"U.S.-Baltic Relations: Celebrating 85 Years of Friendship"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. U.S. Department of State. 14 June 2007. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://merln.ndu.edu/archivepdf/EUR/State/86539.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 19 August 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 July</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=U.S.-Baltic+Relations%3A+Celebrating+85+Years+of+Friendship&rft.pub=U.S.+Department+of+State&rft.date=2007-06-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmerln.ndu.edu%2Farchivepdf%2FEUR%2FState%2F86539.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARepublics+of+the+Soviet+Union" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/4517683.stm">Russia denies Baltic 'occupation'</a> by <a href="/wiki/BBC_News" title="BBC News">BBC News</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Volkogonov-1998-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Volkogonov-1998_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVolkogonov1998" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Dmitri_Volkogonov" title="Dmitri Volkogonov">Volkogonov, Dmitri Antonovich</a> (1998). <i>Autopsy for an Empire: the Seven Leaders who Built the Soviet Regime</i>. New York: Free Press/Simon and Schuster. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780684834207" title="Special:BookSources/9780684834207"><bdi>9780684834207</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Autopsy+for+an+Empire%3A+the+Seven+Leaders+who+Built+the+Soviet+Regime&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Free+Press%2FSimon+and+Schuster&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=9780684834207&rft.aulast=Volkogonov&rft.aufirst=Dmitri+Antonovich&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARepublics+of+the+Soviet+Union" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Butler-2002-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Butler-2002_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFButlerKahn2002" class="citation journal cs1">Butler, William E.; Kahn, Jeffrey (May 2002). "Federalism or Federationism. A book review of: <i>Federalism, Democratization and the Rule of Law in Russia</i> by Jeffrey Kahn". <i>Michigan Law Review</i>. <b>100</b> (6): 1444–1452. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F1290449">10.2307/1290449</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/1290449">1290449</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Michigan+Law+Review&rft.atitle=Federalism+or+Federationism.+A+book+review+of%3A+Federalism%2C+Democratization+and+the+Rule+of+Law+in+Russia+by+Jeffrey+Kahn&rft.volume=100&rft.issue=6&rft.pages=1444-1452&rft.date=2002-05&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F1290449&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F1290449%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Butler&rft.aufirst=William+E.&rft.au=Kahn%2C+Jeffrey&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARepublics+of+the+Soviet+Union" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:212-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:212_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBlackBrewerShawChandler2003" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Black_(historian)" title="Jeremy Black (historian)">Black, Jeremy</a>; Brewer, Paul; Shaw, Anthony; Chandler, Malcolm; Cheshire, Gerard; Cranfield, Ingrid; Ralph Lewis, Brenda; Sutherland, Joe; Vint, Robert (2003). <i>World History</i>. <a href="/wiki/Bath,_Somerset" title="Bath, Somerset">Bath, Somerset</a>: Parragon Books. p. 343. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-75258-227-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-75258-227-5"><bdi>0-75258-227-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=World+History&rft.place=Bath%2C+Somerset&rft.pages=343&rft.pub=Parragon+Books&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=0-75258-227-5&rft.aulast=Black&rft.aufirst=Jeremy&rft.au=Brewer%2C+Paul&rft.au=Shaw%2C+Anthony&rft.au=Chandler%2C+Malcolm&rft.au=Cheshire%2C+Gerard&rft.au=Cranfield%2C+Ingrid&rft.au=Ralph+Lewis%2C+Brenda&rft.au=Sutherland%2C+Joe&rft.au=Vint%2C+Robert&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARepublics+of+the+Soviet+Union" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEuropean_parliament:_Resolution_on_the_situation_in_Estonia,_Latvia_and_Lithuania_(No_C_42/78)1983" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/European_parliament" class="mw-redirect" title="European parliament">European parliament</a>: <a href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/8/80/Europarliament13011983.jpg" class="internal" title="Europarliament13011983.jpg">Resolution on the situation in Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania</a> (No C 42/78) (1983). <i>Official Journal of the European Communities</i>. European Parliament.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Official+Journal+of+the+European+Communities&rft.pub=European+Parliament&rft.date=1983&rft.au=European+parliament%3A+Resolution+on+the+situation+in+Estonia%2C+Latvia+and+Lithuania+%28No+C+42%2F78%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARepublics+of+the+Soviet+Union" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_numeric_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAust,_Anthony2005" class="citation book cs1">Aust, Anthony (2005). <i>Handbook of International Law</i>. Cambridge University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-53034-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-53034-7"><bdi>978-0-521-53034-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Handbook+of+International+Law&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-0-521-53034-7&rft.au=Aust%2C+Anthony&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARepublics+of+the+Soviet+Union" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZiemele,_Ineta2005" class="citation book cs1">Ziemele, Ineta (2005). <i>State Continuity and Nationality: The Baltic States and Russia</i>. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/90-04-14295-9" title="Special:BookSources/90-04-14295-9"><bdi>90-04-14295-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=State+Continuity+and+Nationality%3A+The+Baltic+States+and+Russia&rft.pub=Martinus+Nijhoff+Publishers&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=90-04-14295-9&rft.au=Ziemele%2C+Ineta&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARepublics+of+the+Soviet+Union" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFElster1996" class="citation book cs1">Elster, Jon (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=KQZIjbQri0gC&pg=PA179"><i>The roundtable talks and the breakdown of communism</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/University_of_Chicago_Press" title="University of Chicago Press">University of Chicago Press</a>. p. 179. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-226-20628-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-226-20628-9"><bdi>0-226-20628-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+roundtable+talks+and+the+breakdown+of+communism&rft.pages=179&rft.pub=University+of+Chicago+Press&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=0-226-20628-9&rft.aulast=Elster&rft.aufirst=Jon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DKQZIjbQri0gC%26pg%3DPA179&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARepublics+of+the+Soviet+Union" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHeld1994" class="citation book cs1">Held, Joseph (1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/dictionaryofeast0000held/page/84"><i>Dictionary of East European history since 1945</i></a>. Greenwood Press. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/dictionaryofeast0000held/page/84">84</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-313-26519-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-313-26519-4"><bdi>0-313-26519-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dictionary+of+East+European+history+since+1945&rft.pages=84&rft.pub=Greenwood+Press&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=0-313-26519-4&rft.aulast=Held&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fdictionaryofeast0000held%2Fpage%2F84&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARepublics+of+the+Soviet+Union" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGökay2001" class="citation book cs1">Gökay, Bülent (2001). <i>Eastern Europe since 1970</i>. <a href="/wiki/Longman" title="Longman">Longman</a>. p. 19. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-582-32858-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-582-32858-6"><bdi>0-582-32858-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Eastern+Europe+since+1970&rft.pages=19&rft.pub=Longman&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=0-582-32858-6&rft.aulast=G%C3%B6kay&rft.aufirst=B%C3%BClent&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARepublics+of+the+Soviet+Union" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archives.chicagotribune.com/1984/08/19/page/8/">Soviets may be poised to annex the Afghan North</a> - <i><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Tribune" title="Chicago Tribune">Chicago Tribune</a></i>. 19 August 1984. Retrieved on 10 December 2016. "Miraki said then-Soviet leader Leonid Brezhnev urged Afghan President Babrak Karmal to win Afghan Communist Party approval for Moscow's annexation of eight northern provinces and their formation into the 16th Soviet republic, the Socialist Republic of Afghanistan. The defector said Brezhnev envisioned the southern half of the country as a powerless, Pa-than-speaking buffer with U.S.-backed Pakistan."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160912024819/https://docs.cntd.ru/document/902002993">"СОЮЗ СОВЕТСКИХ СОЦИАЛИСТИЧЕСКИХ РЕСПУБЛИК. ЗАКОН О порядке решения вопросов, связанных с выходом союзной республики из СССР"</a> (in Russian). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://docs.cntd.ru/document/902002993">the original</a> on 12 September 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 June</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%A1%D0%9E%D0%AE%D0%97+%D0%A1%D0%9E%D0%92%D0%95%D0%A2%D0%A1%D0%9A%D0%98%D0%A5+%D0%A1%D0%9E%D0%A6%D0%98%D0%90%D0%9B%D0%98%D0%A1%D0%A2%D0%98%D0%A7%D0%95%D0%A1%D0%9A%D0%98%D0%A5+%D0%A0%D0%95%D0%A1%D0%9F%D0%A3%D0%91%D0%9B%D0%98%D0%9A.+%D0%97%D0%90%D0%9A%D0%9E%D0%9D+%D0%9E+%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8F%D0%B4%D0%BA%D0%B5+%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F+%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B2%2C+%D1%81%D0%B2%D1%8F%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85+%D1%81+%D0%B2%D1%8B%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BC+%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%8E%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9+%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8+%D0%B8%D0%B7+%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A0&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdocs.cntd.ru%2Fdocument%2F902002993&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARepublics+of+the+Soviet+Union" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Republics_of_the_Soviet_Union&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Cleanup_reorganize plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Ambox_rewrite.svg/40px-Ambox_rewrite.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Ambox_rewrite.svg/60px-Ambox_rewrite.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Ambox_rewrite.svg/80px-Ambox_rewrite.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="620" data-file-height="620" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>may be in need of reorganization to comply with Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Layout" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Layout">layout guidelines</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Republics_of_the_Soviet_Union&action=edit">editing the article</a> to make improvements to the overall structure.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">June 2023</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bibliography_of_the_Russian_Revolution_and_Civil_War" title="Bibliography of the Russian Revolution and Civil War">Bibliography of the Russian Revolution and Civil War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bibliography_of_Stalinism_and_the_Soviet_Union" title="Bibliography of Stalinism and the Soviet Union">Bibliography of Stalinism and the Soviet Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bibliography_of_the_Post_Stalinist_Soviet_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibliography of the Post Stalinist Soviet Union">Bibliography of the Post Stalinist Soviet Union</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Republics_of_the_Soviet_Union_(1922–1991)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Republics_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Template:Republics of the Soviet Union"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Republics_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Template talk:Republics of the Soviet Union"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Republics_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Republics of the Soviet Union"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Republics_of_the_Soviet_Union_(1922–1991)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Republics of the Soviet Union</a> (1922–1991)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Principal</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Treaty_on_the_Creation_of_the_Union_of_Soviet_Socialist_Republics" title="Treaty on the Creation of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics">Founders</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic">Armenian SSR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic">Azerbaijan SSR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byelorussian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic">Byelorussian SSR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic">Georgian SSR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic" title="Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic">Russian SFSR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic">Ukrainian SSR</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former parts of <br /> the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic" title="Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic">Russian SFSR</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tajik_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic">Tajik SSR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkmen_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic">Turkmen SSR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazakh_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic">Kazakh SSR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirghiz_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Kirghiz Soviet Socialist Republic">Kirghiz SSR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uzbek_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic">Uzbek SSR</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Annexed in <a href="/wiki/Military_occupations_by_the_Soviet_Union" title="Military occupations by the Soviet Union">1940</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Estonian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic">Estonian SSR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latvian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic">Latvian SSR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithuanian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic">Lithuanian SSR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moldavian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic">Moldavian SSR</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Short-lived</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Karelo-Finnish_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Karelo-Finnish Soviet Socialist Republic">Karelo-Finnish SSR</a> (1940–1956)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transcaucasian_Socialist_Federative_Soviet_Republic" title="Transcaucasian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic">Transcaucasian SFSR</a> (1922–1936)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Non-union republics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Soviet_Republic_of_Abkhazia" title="Socialist Soviet Republic of Abkhazia">SSR Abkhazia</a> (1921–1931)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bukharan_People%27s_Soviet_Republic" title="Bukharan People's Soviet Republic">Bukharan SSR</a> (1920–1924)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khorezm_People%27s_Soviet_Republic" title="Khorezm People's Soviet Republic">Khorezm SSR</a> (1920–1924)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abkhaz_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Abkhaz Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Abkhaz ASSR</a> (1990–1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pridnestrovian_Moldavian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Pridnestrovian Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic">Pridnestrovian Moldavian SSR</a> (1990–1991)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Soviet_Union_topics" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Soviet_Union_topics" title="Template:Soviet Union topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Soviet_Union_topics" title="Template talk:Soviet Union topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Soviet_Union_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Soviet Union topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Soviet_Union_topics" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> topics</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="History of the Soviet Union">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Index_of_Soviet_Union%E2%80%93related_articles" title="Index of Soviet Union–related articles">Index of Soviet Union–related articles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Revolution" title="Russian Revolution">Russian Revolution</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/February_Revolution" title="February Revolution">February</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_Revolution" title="October Revolution">October</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Civil_War" title="Russian Civil War">Russian Civil War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic" title="Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic">Russian SFSR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_on_the_Creation_of_the_Union_of_Soviet_Socialist_Republics" title="Treaty on the Creation of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics">Creation treaty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Economic_Policy" title="New Economic Policy">New Economic Policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stalinism" title="Stalinism">Stalinism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Purge" title="Great Purge">Great Purge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union_in_World_War_II" title="Soviet Union in World War II">Great Patriotic War</a> (World War II) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Evacuation_in_the_Soviet_Union" title="Evacuation in the Soviet Union">Evacuation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Holocaust_in_the_Soviet_Union" title="The Holocaust in the Soviet Union">The Holocaust</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cold_War" title="Cold War">Cold War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khrushchev_Thaw" title="Khrushchev Thaw">Khrushchev Thaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sino-Soviet_split" title="Sino-Soviet split">Sino-Soviet split</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soviet_space_program" title="Soviet space program">Soviet space program</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1965_Soviet_economic_reform" title="1965 Soviet economic reform">1965 economic reform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Era_of_Stagnation" title="Era of Stagnation">Stagnation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soviet%E2%80%93Afghan_War" title="Soviet–Afghan War">Soviet–Afghan War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perestroika" title="Perestroika">Perestroika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glasnost" title="Glasnost">Glasnost</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutions_of_1989" title="Revolutions of 1989">Revolutions of 1989</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Dissolution of the Soviet Union">Dissolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-Soviet_states" title="Post-Soviet states">Post-Soviet states</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nostalgia_for_the_Soviet_Union" title="Nostalgia for the Soviet Union">Nostalgia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Geography of the Soviet Union">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Subdivisions_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Subdivisions of the Soviet Union">Subdivisions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Republics</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republics" title="Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republics">Autonomous</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krais_of_Russia" title="Krais of Russia">Krais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oblasts_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Oblasts of the Soviet Union">Oblasts</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_oblasts_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Autonomous oblasts of the Soviet Union">Autonomous</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_okrugs_of_Russia" title="Autonomous okrugs of Russia">Autonomous okrugs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Closed_city" title="Closed city">Closed city</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Regions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caspian_Sea" title="Caspian Sea">Caspian Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caucasus_Mountains" title="Caucasus Mountains">Caucasus Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Russia" title="European Russia">European Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Caucasus" title="North Caucasus">North Caucasus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siberia" title="Siberia">Siberia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ural_Mountains" title="Ural Mountains">Ural Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Siberian_Plain" title="West Siberian Plain">West Siberian Plain</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Politics of the Soviet Union">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Constitution of the Soviet Union">Constitution</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1936_Constitution_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="1936 Constitution of the Soviet Union">1936</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1977_Constitution_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="1977 Constitution of the Soviet Union">1977</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_the_Soviet_Union" title="Elections in the Soviet Union">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Foreign relations of the Soviet Union">Foreign relations</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brezhnev_Doctrine" title="Brezhnev Doctrine">Brezhnev Doctrine</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gun_control_in_the_Soviet_Union" title="Gun control in the Soviet Union">Gun control</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Government of the Soviet Union">Government</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_governments_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="List of governments of the Soviet Union">List</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_the_Soviet_Union" title="Human rights in the Soviet Union">Human rights</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_the_post-Soviet_states" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in the post-Soviet states">LGBT</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Law of the Soviet Union">Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_the_Soviet_Union" title="Capital punishment in the Soviet Union">Capital punishment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_leaders_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="List of leaders of the Soviet Union">Leaders</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Collective_leadership_in_the_Soviet_Union" title="Collective leadership in the Soviet Union">Collective leadership</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_delimitation_in_the_Soviet_Union" title="National delimitation in the Soviet Union">National delimitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passport_system_in_the_Soviet_Union" title="Passport system in the Soviet Union">Passport system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Propiska_in_the_Soviet_Union" title="Propiska in the Soviet Union">Propiska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_the_Soviet_Union" title="List of political parties in the Soviet Union">Political parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ideology_of_the_Communist_Party_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Ideology of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union">State ideology</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marxism%E2%80%93Leninism" title="Marxism–Leninism">Marxism–Leninism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leninism" title="Leninism">Leninism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stalinism" title="Stalinism">Stalinism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soviet_anti-Zionism" title="Soviet anti-Zionism">Soviet anti-Zionism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Bodies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Communist Party of the Soviet Union">Communist Party</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Organization_of_the_Communist_Party_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Organization of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union">organisation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congress_of_the_Communist_Party_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union">Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Committee_of_the_Communist_Party_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union">Central Committee</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Politburo_of_the_Communist_Party_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Politburo of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union">Presidium/Politburo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secretariat_of_the_Communist_Party_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Secretariat of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union">Secretariat</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Secretary_of_the_Communist_Party_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union">General Secretary</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congress_of_Soviets_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Congress of Soviets of the Soviet Union">Congress of Soviets</a> (1922–1936)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Soviet_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union">Supreme Soviet</a> (1938–1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congress_of_People%27s_Deputies_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Congress of People's Deputies of the Soviet Union">Congress of People's Deputies</a> (1989–1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Supreme Court of the Soviet Union">Supreme Court</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Military_Collegium_of_the_Supreme_Court_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Military Collegium of the Supreme Court of the Soviet Union">Military Collegium</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Offices</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_heads_of_state_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="List of heads of state of the Soviet Union">Heads of state</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="President of the Soviet Union">President</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Premier_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Premier of the Soviet Union">Premier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deputy_Premier_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Deputy Premier of the Soviet Union">Deputy Premier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Deputy_Premier_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="First Deputy Premier of the Soviet Union">First Deputy Premier</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Chronology_of_Soviet_secret_police_agencies" title="Chronology of Soviet secret police agencies">Security services</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cheka" title="Cheka">Cheka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_Political_Directorate" title="State Political Directorate">GPU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NKVD" title="NKVD">NKVD</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Destruction_battalions" class="mw-redirect" title="Destruction battalions">Destruction battalions</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Internal_Affairs_(Soviet_Union)" title="Ministry of Internal Affairs (Soviet Union)">MVD</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Militsiya" title="Militsiya">Militsiya</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_State_Security_(Soviet_Union)" title="Ministry of State Security (Soviet Union)">MGB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KGB" title="KGB">KGB</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_chairmen_of_the_KGB" title="List of chairmen of the KGB">Chairmen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soviet_Border_Troops" title="Soviet Border Troops">Soviet Border Troops</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soviet_Armed_Forces" title="Soviet Armed Forces">Soviet Armed Forces</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Soviet_Army" title="Soviet Army">Soviet Army</a>/<a href="/wiki/Spetsnaz_GRU" title="Spetsnaz GRU">Spetsnaz GRU</a> • <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Navy" title="Soviet Navy">Soviet Navy</a> • <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Air_Forces" title="Soviet Air Forces">Soviet Air Forces</a>/<a href="/wiki/Soviet_Airborne_Forces" title="Soviet Airborne Forces">Soviet Airborne Forces</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Political_repression_in_the_Soviet_Union" title="Political repression in the Soviet Union">Political repression</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Red_Terror" title="Red Terror">Red Terror</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collectivization_in_the_Soviet_Union" title="Collectivization in the Soviet Union">Collectivization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Purge" title="Great Purge">Great Purge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Population_transfer_in_the_Soviet_Union" title="Population transfer in the Soviet Union">Population transfer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forced_labor_in_the_Soviet_Union" title="Forced labor in the Soviet Union">Forced labor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulag" title="Gulag">Gulag</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Gulag_camps" title="List of Gulag camps">List</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holodomor" title="Holodomor">Holodomor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_abuse_of_psychiatry_in_the_Soviet_Union" title="Political abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union">Political abuse of psychiatry</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ideological_repression_in_the_Soviet_Union" title="Ideological repression in the Soviet Union">Ideological repression</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_Soviet_Union" title="Religion in the Soviet Union">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Repression_of_science_in_the_Soviet_Union" title="Repression of science in the Soviet Union">Science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_the_Soviet_Union" title="Censorship in the Soviet Union">Censorship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_of_images_in_the_Soviet_Union" title="Censorship of images in the Soviet Union">Censorship of images</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Economy of the Soviet Union">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_the_Soviet_Union" title="Agriculture in the Soviet Union">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gosbank" class="mw-redirect" title="Gosbank">Central Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soviet-type_economic_planning" title="Soviet-type economic planning">Economic planning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_policy_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Energy policy of the Soviet Union">Energy policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Five-year_plans_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Five-year plans of the Soviet Union">Five-year plans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/.su" title=".su">Internet domain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Russian_innovation#Soviet_Union" title="Timeline of Russian innovation">Inventions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Net_material_product" title="Net material product">Net material product</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OGAS" title="OGAS">OGAS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_and_technology_in_the_Soviet_Union" title="Science and technology in the Soviet Union">Science and technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soviet_ruble" title="Soviet ruble">Rouble <span style="font-size:85%;">(currency)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_the_Soviet_Union" title="Transport in the Soviet Union">Transport</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Railway_system_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Railway system of the Soviet Union">Railway system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_the_Soviet_Union" title="Rail transport in the Soviet Union">Rail transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_metro_systems_in_the_Soviet_Union" title="List of metro systems in the Soviet Union">List of metro systems</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Science_and_technology_in_the_Soviet_Union" title="Science and technology in the Soviet Union">Science</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Academy" title="Communist Academy">Communist Academy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cybernetics_in_the_Soviet_Union" title="Cybernetics in the Soviet Union">Cybernetics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Academy_of_Sciences#In_the_Soviet_Union" title="Russian Academy of Sciences">Academy of Sciences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USSR_Academy_of_Medical_Sciences" title="USSR Academy of Medical Sciences">Academy of Medical Sciences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VASKhNIL" title="VASKhNIL">Lenin All-Union Academy of Agricultural Sciences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sharashka" title="Sharashka">Sharashkas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naukograd" title="Naukograd">Naukograds</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Naukograds" title="Category:Naukograds">List</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Society_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Category:Society of the Soviet Union">Society</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_the_Soviet_Union" title="Antisemitism in the Soviet Union">Antisemitism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_the_Soviet_Union" title="Crime in the Soviet Union">Crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Demographics of the Soviet Union">Demographics</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Soviet_people" title="Soviet people">Soviet people</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soviet_working_class" title="Soviet working class">Working class</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1989_Soviet_census" title="1989 Soviet census">1989 census</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drug_policy_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Drug policy of the Soviet Union">Drug policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_in_the_Soviet_Union" title="Family in the Soviet Union">Family</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Languages of the Soviet Union">Languages</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Linguistics_of_the_Soviet_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="Linguistics of the Soviet Union">Linguistics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyrillisation_in_the_Soviet_Union" title="Cyrillisation in the Soviet Union">Cyrillisation</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prohibition_in_the_Russian_Empire_and_the_Soviet_Union" title="Prohibition in the Russian Empire and the Soviet Union">Prohibition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racism_in_the_Soviet_Union" title="Racism in the Soviet Union">Racism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Culture of the Soviet Union">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Russian_ballet" title="Russian ballet">Ballet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Cinema of the Soviet Union">Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fashion_in_the_Soviet_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="Fashion in the Soviet Union">Fashion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_literature#20th_century" title="Russian literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Music of the Soviet Union">Music</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Russian_opera#20th_century" title="Russian opera">Opera</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soviet_phraseology" title="Soviet phraseology">Phraseology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Printed_media_in_the_Soviet_Union" title="Printed media in the Soviet Union">Printed media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Propaganda_in_the_Soviet_Union" title="Propaganda in the Soviet Union">Propaganda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radio_in_the_Soviet_Union" title="Radio in the Soviet Union">Radio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sport_in_Russia" title="Sport in Russia">Sports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stalinist_architecture" title="Stalinist architecture">Stalinist architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_in_the_Soviet_Union" title="Television in the Soviet Union">Television</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Anti-Sovietism" title="Anti-Sovietism">Opposition</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Soviet_dissidents" title="Soviet dissidents">Soviet dissidents</a> and their groups <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Soviet_opposition_groups" title="Category:Soviet opposition groups">List</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Symbols</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/State_Anthem_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="State Anthem of the Soviet Union">Anthem</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anthems_of_the_Soviet_Republics" title="Anthems of the Soviet Republics">Republics</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_Emblem_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="State Emblem of the Soviet Union">Emblem</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Emblems_of_the_Soviet_Republics" title="Emblems of the Soviet Republics">Republics</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Flag of the Soviet Union">Flag</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flags_of_the_Soviet_Republics" title="Flags of the Soviet Republics">Republics</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hammer_and_sickle" title="Hammer and sickle">Hammer and sickle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div> <ul><li><b><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/32px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/48px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/64px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Soviet_Union" title="Portal:Soviet Union">Soviet Union portal</a></b></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Soviet_Union" title="Category:Soviet Union">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Russia_articles" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Russia_topics" title="Template:Russia topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Russia_topics" title="Template talk:Russia topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Russia_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Russia topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Russia_articles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> articles</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Russia" title="History of Russia">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Russian_history" title="Timeline of Russian history">Timeline</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Proto-Indo-Europeans" title="Proto-Indo-Europeans">Proto-Indo-Europeans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scythians" title="Scythians">Scythians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarmatians" title="Sarmatians">Sarmatians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Early_Slavs" title="Early Slavs">Early Slavs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Slavs" title="East Slavs">East Slavs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kievan_Rus%27" title="Kievan Rus'">Kievan Rus'</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongol_invasion_of_Kievan_Rus%27" title="Mongol invasion of Kievan Rus'">Mongol invasion</a></li> <li>Feudal Rus' <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Novgorod_Republic" title="Novgorod Republic">Novgorod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir-Suzdal" title="Vladimir-Suzdal">Vladimir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Principality_of_Moscow" title="Principality of Moscow">Moscow</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Expansion_of_Russia_(1500%E2%80%931800)" title="Expansion of Russia (1500–1800)">Expansion (1500–1800)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsardom_of_Russia" title="Tsardom of Russia">Tsardom of Russia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Army_of_the_Tsardom_of_Russia" title="Army of the Tsardom of Russia">Army</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russian Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_Revolution" title="February Revolution">February Revolution</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Republic" title="Russian Republic">Russian Republic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_Revolution" title="October Revolution">October Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Civil_War" title="Russian Civil War">Civil war</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Russian_state" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian state">Russian state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic" title="Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic">Russian SFSR</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Front_(World_War_II)" title="Eastern Front (World War II)">Great Patriotic War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Bloc" title="Eastern Bloc">Eastern Bloc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Dissolution of the Soviet Union">Dissolution</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Russia_(1991%E2%80%93present)" class="mw-redirect" title="History of Russia (1991–present)">Russian Federation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Union_State" title="Union State">Union State</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By topic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Economic_history_of_the_Russian_Federation" title="Economic history of the Russian Federation">Economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Russian_journalism" title="History of Russian journalism">Journalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_Russia" title="History of the Jews in Russia">Judaism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Internet_in_Russia" title="History of the Internet in Russia">Internet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judicial_system_of_the_Russian_Empire" title="Judicial system of the Russian Empire">Judicial system of the Russian Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_history_in_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT history in Russia">LGBT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_Russia" title="Military history of Russia">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Russia" title="Outline of Russia">Outline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postage_stamps_and_postal_history_of_Russia" title="Postage stamps and postal history of Russia">Postal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historical_city_of_Russia" title="Historical city of Russia">Historical cities</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Russia" title="Geography of Russia">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Borders_of_Russia" title="Borders of Russia">Borders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_and_towns_in_Russia" title="List of cities and towns in Russia">Cities and towns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Russia" title="Climate of Russia">Climate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_earthquakes_in_Russia" title="List of earthquakes in Russia">Earthquakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environment_of_Russia" title="Environment of Russia">Environment</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_issues_in_Russia" title="Environmental issues in Russia">Environmental issues</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extreme_points_of_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="Extreme points of Russia">Extreme points</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Russia" title="European Russia">European Russia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Central_Russian_Upland" title="Central Russian Upland">Central Russian Upland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwest_Russia" title="Northwest Russia">Northwest Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meshchera_Lowlands" title="Meshchera Lowlands">Meshchera Lowlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oka%E2%80%93Don_Lowland" title="Oka–Don Lowland">Oka–Don Lowland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smolensk_Upland" title="Smolensk Upland">Smolensk Upland</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_fjords_of_Russia" title="List of fjords of Russia">Fjords</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geology_of_Russia" title="Geology of Russia">Geology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_glaciers_in_Russia" title="List of glaciers in Russia">Glaciers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Russian_Regions" title="Great Russian Regions">Great Russian Regions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_highest_points_of_Russian_federal_subjects" title="List of highest points of Russian federal subjects">Highest points</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Russia" title="List of islands of Russia">Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_lakes_of_Russia" title="List of lakes of Russia">Lakes</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caspian_Sea" title="Caspian Sea">Caspian Sea</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mountains_of_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="List of mountains of Russia">Mountains</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caucasus_Mountains" title="Caucasus Mountains">Caucasus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ural_Mountains" title="Ural Mountains">Urals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_volcanoes_in_Russia" title="List of volcanoes in Russia">Volcanoes</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Asia" title="North Asia">North Asia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Siberia" title="Siberia">Siberia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Siberian_Plain" title="West Siberian Plain">West Siberian Plain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Far_East" title="Russian Far East">Russian Far East</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Caucasus" title="North Caucasus">North Caucasus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_Russia" title="List of rivers of Russia">Rivers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protected_areas_of_Russia" title="Protected areas of Russia">Protected areas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_Russia" title="Wildlife of Russia">Wildlife</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Far_North_(Russia)" title="Far North (Russia)">Far North</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Russia" title="Politics of Russia">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_Russia" title="Anarchism in Russia">Anarchism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Russia" title="Capital punishment in Russia">Capital punishment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civil_Service_of_the_Russian_Federation" title="Civil Service of the Russian Federation">Civil Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Classified_information_in_Russia" title="Classified information in Russia">Classified information</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conscription_in_Russia" title="Conscription in Russia">Conscription</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Russia" title="Constitution of Russia">Constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criminal_Code_of_Russia" title="Criminal Code of Russia">Criminal code</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Russia" title="Elections in Russia">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Far-right_politics_in_Russia" title="Far-right politics in Russia">Far-right politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_budget_of_Russia" title="Federal budget of Russia">Federal budget</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Russia" title="Foreign relations of Russia">Foreign relations</a> (<a href="/wiki/Foreign_Relations_of_Russia_since_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="Foreign Relations of Russia since the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Foreign Relations of Russia since the Russian invasion of Ukraine</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_assembly_in_Russia" title="Freedom of assembly in Russia">Freedom of assembly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Russia" title="Government of Russia">Government</a> (<a href="/wiki/Apparatus_of_the_Government_of_Russia" title="Apparatus of the Government of Russia">Apparatus</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judiciary_of_Russia" title="Judiciary of Russia">Judiciary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Russia" title="Law of Russia">Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_enforcement_in_Russia" title="Law enforcement in Russia">Law enforcement</a> (<a href="/wiki/Prisons_in_Russia" title="Prisons in Russia">Prisons</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_abuse_of_psychiatry_in_Russia" title="Political abuse of psychiatry in Russia">Political abuse of psychiatry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_divisions_of_Russia" title="Political divisions of Russia">Political divisions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Propaganda_in_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="Propaganda in Russia">Propaganda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_in_Russia" title="Liberalism in Russia">Liberalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservatism_in_Russia" title="Conservatism in Russia">Conservatism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_imperialism" title="Russian imperialism">Imperialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_irredentism" title="Russian irredentism">Irredentism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_nationalism" title="Russian nationalism">Nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martial_law_in_Russia" title="Martial law in Russia">Martial law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchism_in_Russia" title="Monarchism in Russia">Monarchism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_freedom_in_Russia" title="Media freedom in Russia">Media freedom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neo-Nazism_in_Russia" title="Neo-Nazism in Russia">Neo-Nazism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Armed_Forces" title="Russian Armed Forces">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intelligence_agencies_of_Russia" title="Intelligence agencies of Russia">Intelligence agencies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_opposition" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian opposition">Opposition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_parties_in_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="Political parties in Russia">Political parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Russia" title="President of Russia">President of Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Russia" title="Prime Minister of Russia">Prime Minister of Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_Independent_States" title="Commonwealth of Independent States">Commonwealth of Independent States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collective_Security_Treaty_Organization" title="Collective Security Treaty Organization">Collective Security Treaty Organization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_of_emergency_in_Russia" title="State of emergency in Russia">State of emergency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civil_defense_in_Russia" title="Civil defense in Russia">Civil defense</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Search_and_rescue_in_Russia" title="Search and rescue in Russia">Search and rescue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urban_planning_in_Russia" title="Urban planning in Russia">Urban planning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_surveillance_in_Russia" title="Mass surveillance in Russia">Mass surveillance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Separatism_in_Russia" title="Separatism in Russia">Separatism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Term_limits_in_Russia" title="Term limits in Russia">Term limits</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terrorism_in_Russia" title="Terrorism in Russia">Terrorism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Russia" title="Economy of Russia">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Russia" title="Agriculture in Russia">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aircraft_industry_of_Russia" title="Aircraft industry of Russia">Aircraft industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banking_in_Russia" title="Banking in Russia">Banking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Droughts_and_famines_in_Russia_and_the_Soviet_Union" title="Droughts and famines in Russia and the Soviet Union">Droughts and famines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_Russia" title="Automotive industry in Russia">Car industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Bank_of_Russia" title="Central Bank of Russia">Central Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defense_industry_of_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="Defense industry of Russia">Defence industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_regions_of_Russia" title="Economic regions of Russia">Economic regions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_in_Russia" title="Energy in Russia">Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fishing_industry_in_Russia" title="Fishing industry in Russia">Fishing industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forestry_in_Russia" title="Forestry in Russia">Forestry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Financial_districts_in_Russia" title="Category:Financial districts in Russia">Financial districts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gambling_in_Russia" title="Gambling in Russia">Gambling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homelessness_in_Russia" title="Homelessness in Russia">Homelessness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mining_industry_of_Russia" title="Mining industry of Russia">Mining</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petroleum_industry_in_Russia" title="Petroleum industry in Russia">Petroleum industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postal_codes_in_Russia" title="Postal codes in Russia">Postal codes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_oligarchs" title="Russian oligarchs">Russian oligarchs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_ruble" title="Russian ruble">Ruble <span style="font-size:85%;">(currency)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_and_technology_in_Russia" title="Science and technology in Russia">Science and technology</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Academy_of_Sciences" title="Russian Academy of Sciences">Academy of Sciences</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shipbuilding_in_Russia" title="Shipbuilding in Russia">Shipbuilding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_security_system_in_Russia" title="Social security system in Russia">Social security system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_industry_of_Russia" title="Space industry of Russia">Space industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taxation_in_Russia" title="Taxation in Russia">Taxation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Russia" title="Telecommunications in Russia">Telecommunications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Russia" title="Tourism in Russia">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_trade_unions_in_Russia" title="List of trade unions in Russia">Trade unions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Russia" title="Transport in Russia">Transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waste_management_in_Russia" title="Waste management in Russia">Waste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_supply_and_sanitation_in_Russia" title="Water supply and sanitation in Russia">Water supply and sanitation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Society_of_Russia" title="Category:Society of Russia">Society</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Russia" title="Abortion in Russia">Abortion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alcohol_in_Russia" title="Alcohol in Russia">Alcohol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-American_sentiment_in_Russia" title="Anti-American sentiment in Russia">Anti-American sentiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_in_Russia" title="Cannabis in Russia">Cannabis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_the_Russian_Federation" class="mw-redirect" title="Censorship in the Russian Federation">Censorship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citizenship_of_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="Citizenship of Russia">Citizens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corruption_in_Russia" title="Corruption in Russia">Corruption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_Russia" title="Crime in Russia">Crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deafness_in_Russia" title="Deafness in Russia">Deafness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Russia" title="Demographics of Russia">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domestic_violence_in_Russia" title="Domestic violence in Russia">Domestic violence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doping_in_Russia" title="Doping in Russia">Doping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Russia" title="Education in Russia">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethnic_groups_in_Russia" title="Ethnic groups in Russia">Ethnic groups</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feminism_in_Russia" title="Feminism in Russia">Feminism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forced_public_apologies_in_Russia" title="Forced public apologies in Russia">Forced public apologies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Funerals_in_Russia" title="Funerals in Russia">Funerals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gun_control_in_Russia" title="Gun control in Russia">Gun control</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_in_Russia" title="Health in Russia">Health</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_Russia" title="Healthcare in Russia">Healthcare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HIV/AIDS_in_Russia" title="HIV/AIDS in Russia">HIV/AIDS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mental_health_in_Russia" title="Mental health in Russia">Mental health</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Russia" title="Human rights in Russia">Human rights</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LGBTQ_rights_in_Russia" title="LGBTQ rights in Russia">LGBTQ</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immigration_to_Russia" title="Immigration to Russia">Immigration</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Illegal_immigration_to_Russia" title="Illegal immigration to Russia">Illegal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Migrant_workers_in_Russia" title="Migrant workers in Russia">Labour</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Russia" title="Languages of Russia">Languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_federal_subjects_of_Russia_by_life_expectancy" title="List of federal subjects of Russia by life expectancy">Life expectancy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_access_in_Russia" title="Open access in Russia">Open access</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orphans_in_Russia" title="Orphans in Russia">Orphans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polygamy_in_Russia" title="Polygamy in Russia">Polygamy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Russia" title="Prostitution in Russia">Prostitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racism_in_Russia" title="Racism in Russia">Racism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Russia" title="Religion in Russia">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scouting_in_Russia" title="Scouting in Russia">Scouting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slavery_in_Russia" title="Slavery in Russia">Slavery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_entrepreneurship_in_Russia" title="Social entrepreneurship in Russia">Social entrepreneurship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sociology_in_Russia" title="Sociology in Russia">Sociology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smoking_in_Russia" title="Smoking in Russia">Smoking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suicide_in_Russia" title="Suicide in Russia">Suicide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_wedding_traditions" title="Russian wedding traditions">Wedding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Witch_trials_in_Russia" title="Witch trials in Russia">Witch trials</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_Russia" title="Women in Russia">Women</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_the_Russian_and_Soviet_military" title="Women in the Russian and Soviet military">in army</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Russia" title="Culture of Russia">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_Russia" title="Architecture of Russia">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armorial_of_Russia" title="Armorial of Russia">Armorial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_the_Russian_Armed_Forces" title="Culture of the Russian Armed Forces">Army culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honorary_weapons_of_Russia" title="Honorary weapons of Russia">Honorary weapons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Russian_artists" title="List of Russian artists">Arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_ballet" title="Russian ballet">Ballet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Russia" title="Cinema of Russia">Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_cuisine" title="Russian cuisine">Cuisine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Russian_wine" title="Russian wine">Wine</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_fashion" title="Russian fashion">Fashion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_fairy_tale" title="Russian fairy tale">Fairy tales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_fashion" title="Russian fashion">Fashion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Festivals_in_Russia" title="Category:Festivals in Russia">Festivals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folklore_of_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="Folklore of Russia">Folklore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_traditions_and_superstitions" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian traditions and superstitions">Traditions and superstitions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_forms_of_addressing" title="Russian forms of addressing">Forms of addressing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graffiti_in_Russia" title="Graffiti in Russia">Graffiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_heraldry" title="Russian heraldry">Heraldry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_Russia" title="Internet in Russia">Internet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Russian_innovation" title="Timeline of Russian innovation">Inventions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_literature" title="Russian literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_martial_arts" title="Russian martial arts">Martial arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_media_in_Russia" title="Mass media in Russia">Mass media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Russia" title="Music of Russia">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Names_of_Rus%CA%B9,_Russia_and_Ruthenia" class="mw-redirect" title="Names of Rusʹ, Russia and Ruthenia">Names of Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_given_name" title="Russian given name">Russian given name</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_nobility" title="Russian nobility">Nobility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_symbols_of_Russia" title="National symbols of Russia">National symbols</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_anthem_of_Russia" title="National anthem of Russia">Anthem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Russia" title="Coat of arms of Russia">Coat of arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Russia" title="Flag of Russia">Flag</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regalia_of_the_Russian_tsars" title="Regalia of the Russian tsars">Russian tsars regalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_opera" title="Russian opera">Opera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Personification_of_Russia" title="Personification of Russia">Personification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_playing_cards" title="Russian playing cards">Playing cards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Russian_philosophers" title="List of Russian philosophers">Philosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_political_jokes" title="Russian political jokes">Political jokes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_Russia" title="Public holidays in Russia">Public holidays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_tea_culture" title="Russian tea culture">tea culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_in_Russia" title="Television in Russia">Television</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seven_Wonders_of_Russia" title="Seven Wonders of Russia">Seven Wonders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sport_in_Russia" title="Sport in Russia">Sports</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Unified_Sports_Classification_System_of_Russia" title="Unified Sports Classification System of Russia">Unified Sports Classification System</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Russia" title="List of World Heritage Sites in Russia">World Heritage sites</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div><div style="margin-bottom:-0.4em;"><ul><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Russia" title="Outline of Russia">Outline</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Russia" title="Category:Russia">Category</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Russia" title="Portal:Russia">Portal</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div 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