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<li id="toc-Predecessors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Predecessors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Predecessors</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Predecessors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Line-of-battle_adoption" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Line-of-battle_adoption"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Line-of-battle adoption</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Line-of-battle_adoption-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Evolution_of_design" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Evolution_of_design"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Evolution of design</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Evolution_of_design-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Steam_power" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Steam_power"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Steam power</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Steam_power-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Decline" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Decline"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>Decline</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Decline-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Combat" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Combat"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Combat</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Combat-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Restorations_and_preservation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Restorations_and_preservation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Restorations and preservation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Restorations_and_preservation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-List" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#List"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>List</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-List-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Ship of the line</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 49 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-49" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">49 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%A9_%D8%AE%D8%B7%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="سفينة خطية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="سفينة خطية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nav%C3%ADu_de_llinia" title="Navíu de llinia – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Navíu de llinia" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/X%C9%99tt_g%C9%99misi_(yelk%C9%99nli)" title="Xətt gəmisi (yelkənli) – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Xətt gəmisi (yelkənli)" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1_(%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4)" title="Линеен кораб (ветроход) – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Линеен кораб (ветроход)" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linijski_brod" title="Linijski brod – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Linijski brod" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lestr_eus_al_linenn" title="Lestr eus al linenn – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Lestr eus al linenn" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Navili_de_l%C3%ADnia" title="Navili de línia – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Navili de línia" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%C4%83%D1%81%D0%BB%C4%83_%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B5_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BF" title="Парăслă линилле карап – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Парăслă линилле карап" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%98adov%C3%A1_lo%C4%8F" title="Řadová loď – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Řadová loď" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linjeskib" title="Linjeskib – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Linjeskib" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linienschiff" title="Linienschiff – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Linienschiff" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liinilaev_(s%C3%B5jandus)" title="Liinilaev (sõjandus) – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Liinilaev (sõjandus)" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%AF%CE%BF_%CE%B3%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%BC%CE%BC%CE%AE%CF%82" title="Πλοίο γραμμής – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Πλοίο γραμμής" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nav%C3%ADo_de_l%C3%ADnea" title="Navío de línea – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Navío de línea" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lini%C5%9Dipo" title="Liniŝipo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Liniŝipo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lineako_itsasontzi" title="Lineako itsasontzi – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Lineako itsasontzi" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%B4%D8%AA%DB%8C_%D8%AE%D8%B7" title="کشتی خط – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کشتی خط" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Navire_de_ligne" title="Navire de ligne – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Navire de ligne" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A0%84%EC%97%B4%ED%95%A8" title="전열함 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="전열함" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linijski_brod" title="Linijski brod – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Linijski brod" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapal_tiang" title="Kapal tiang – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kapal tiang" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%ADnuherskip" title="Línuherskip – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Línuherskip" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vascello" title="Vascello – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Vascello" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%A7%D7%95" title="אוניית קו – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אוניית קו" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sorhaj%C3%B3" title="Sorhajó – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Sorhajó" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapal_perang_layar" title="Kapal perang layar – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kapal perang layar" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linieschip" title="Linieschip – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Linieschip" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%88%A6%E5%88%97%E8%89%A6" title="戦列艦 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="戦列艦" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linjeskip_(marinefart%C3%B8y)" title="Linjeskip (marinefartøy) – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Linjeskip (marinefartøy)" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linjeskip" title="Linjeskip – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Linjeskip" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naviri_de_linha" title="Naviri de linha – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Naviri de linha" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%AA_%E0%A8%86%E0%A8%AB%E0%A8%BC_%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%BE_%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%88%E0%A8%A8" title="ਸ਼ਿਪ ਆਫ਼ ਦਾ ਲਾਈਨ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਸ਼ਿਪ ਆਫ਼ ਦਾ ਲਾਈਨ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Okr%C4%99t_liniowy" title="Okręt liniowy – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Okręt liniowy" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Navio_de_linha" title="Navio de linha – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Navio de linha" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nav%C4%83_de_linie" title="Navă de linie – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Navă de linie" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%8C_(%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9)" title="Линейный корабль (парусный) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Линейный корабль (парусный)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ship_of_the_line" title="Ship of the line – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Ship of the line" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radov%C3%A1_lo%C4%8F" title="Radová loď – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Radová loď" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linijska_ladja" title="Linijska ladja – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Linijska ladja" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%98%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Линијски брод – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Линијски брод" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linijski_brod" title="Linijski 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div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the naval warship. For the Horatio Hornblower novel, see <a href="/wiki/A_Ship_of_the_Line" title="A Ship of the Line"><i>A Ship of the Line</i></a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_footnotes_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style ambox-More_footnotes_needed" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/40px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/60px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/80px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article includes a list of <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#General_references" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">general references</a>, but <b>it lacks sufficient corresponding <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#Inline_citations" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">inline citations</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help to <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Reliability" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Reliability">improve</a> this article by <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:When_to_cite" title="Wikipedia:When to cite">introducing</a> more precise citations.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">July 2024</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Vaisseau_fran%C3%A7ais_le_Saint-Esprit_au_combat_en_1782.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Vaisseau_fran%C3%A7ais_le_Saint-Esprit_au_combat_en_1782.jpg/220px-Vaisseau_fran%C3%A7ais_le_Saint-Esprit_au_combat_en_1782.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="212" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Vaisseau_fran%C3%A7ais_le_Saint-Esprit_au_combat_en_1782.jpg/330px-Vaisseau_fran%C3%A7ais_le_Saint-Esprit_au_combat_en_1782.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Vaisseau_fran%C3%A7ais_le_Saint-Esprit_au_combat_en_1782.jpg/440px-Vaisseau_fran%C3%A7ais_le_Saint-Esprit_au_combat_en_1782.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2669" data-file-height="2575" /></a><figcaption>A 1784 painting of French ship of the line <a href="/wiki/French_ship_Saint-Esprit" title="French ship Saint-Esprit"><i>Saint-Esprit</i></a> by <a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Pocock" title="Nicholas Pocock">Nicholas Pocock</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Combat_naval_en_rade_de_Gondelour,_20_juin_1783.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Combat_naval_en_rade_de_Gondelour%2C_20_juin_1783.jpg/220px-Combat_naval_en_rade_de_Gondelour%2C_20_juin_1783.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="136" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Combat_naval_en_rade_de_Gondelour%2C_20_juin_1783.jpg/330px-Combat_naval_en_rade_de_Gondelour%2C_20_juin_1783.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Combat_naval_en_rade_de_Gondelour%2C_20_juin_1783.jpg/440px-Combat_naval_en_rade_de_Gondelour%2C_20_juin_1783.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1959" data-file-height="1212" /></a><figcaption>Two fleets in their <a href="/wiki/Line_of_battle" title="Line of battle">line of battle</a> during <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Cuddalore_(1783)" title="Battle of Cuddalore (1783)">the Battle of Cuddalore</a></figcaption></figure><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Fight_of_the_Poursuivante_mp3h9426.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Fight_of_the_Poursuivante_mp3h9426.jpg/220px-Fight_of_the_Poursuivante_mp3h9426.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Fight_of_the_Poursuivante_mp3h9426.jpg/330px-Fight_of_the_Poursuivante_mp3h9426.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Fight_of_the_Poursuivante_mp3h9426.jpg/440px-Fight_of_the_Poursuivante_mp3h9426.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2336" data-file-height="3504" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/HMS_Hercule_(1798)" title="HMS Hercule (1798)">HMS <i>Hercule</i></a> as depicted in her fight against the frigate <a href="/wiki/French_frigate_Poursuivante_(1798)" class="mw-redirect" title="French frigate Poursuivante (1798)"><i>Poursuivante</i></a></figcaption></figure> <p>A <b>ship of the line</b> was a type of naval <a href="/wiki/Warship" title="Warship">warship</a> constructed during the <a href="/wiki/Age_of_Sail" title="Age of Sail">Age of Sail</a> from the 17th century to the mid-19th century. The ship of the line was designed for the <a href="/wiki/Naval_tactics_in_the_Age_of_Sail" class="mw-redirect" title="Naval tactics in the Age of Sail">naval tactic</a> known as the <a href="/wiki/Line_of_battle" title="Line of battle">line of battle</a>, which involved the two columns of opposing warships manoeuvering to <a href="/wiki/Volley_fire" title="Volley fire">volley fire</a> with the <a href="/wiki/Naval_cannon" class="mw-redirect" title="Naval cannon">cannons</a> along their <a href="/wiki/Broadside_(naval)" title="Broadside (naval)">broadsides</a>. In conflicts where opposing ships were both able to fire from their broadsides, the faction with more cannons firing – and therefore more <a href="/wiki/Firepower" title="Firepower">firepower</a> – typically had an advantage. </p><p>From the end of the 1840s, the introduction of <a href="/wiki/Steam_engine" title="Steam engine">steam power</a> brought less dependence on the wind in battle and led to the construction of <a href="/wiki/Propeller" title="Propeller">screw-driven</a> wooden-hulled ships of the line; a number of purely <a href="/wiki/Sail" title="Sail">sail</a>-powered ships were converted to this propulsion mechanism. However, the rise of the <a href="/wiki/Ironclad_warship" title="Ironclad warship">ironclad frigate</a>, starting in 1859, made steam-assisted ships of the line obsolete. The ironclad warship became the ancestor of the 20th-century <a href="/wiki/Battleship" title="Battleship">battleship</a>, whose very designation is itself a contraction of the phrase "ship of the line of battle" or, more colloquially, "battleship of the line". </p><p>The term "ship of the line" fell into disuse except in historical contexts, after warships and naval tactics evolved and changed from the mid-19th century. Some other languages did keep the name however; the <a href="/wiki/Imperial_German_Navy" title="Imperial German Navy">Imperial German Navy</a> called its battleships <i>Linienschiffe</i> until <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a>. <sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ship_of_the_line&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Predecessors">Predecessors</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ship_of_the_line&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Predecessors"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:AnthonyRoll-1_Great_Harry.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/AnthonyRoll-1_Great_Harry.jpg/220px-AnthonyRoll-1_Great_Harry.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/AnthonyRoll-1_Great_Harry.jpg/330px-AnthonyRoll-1_Great_Harry.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/AnthonyRoll-1_Great_Harry.jpg/440px-AnthonyRoll-1_Great_Harry.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4721" data-file-height="3656" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Carrack" title="Carrack">carrack</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Henri_Grace_%C3%A0_Dieu" class="mw-redirect" title="Henri Grace à Dieu">Henri Grace à Dieu</a></i>, from the <a href="/wiki/Anthony_Roll" title="Anthony Roll">Anthony Roll</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sovereign_of_the_Seas.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Sovereign_of_the_Seas.jpg/220px-Sovereign_of_the_Seas.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="151" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Sovereign_of_the_Seas.jpg/330px-Sovereign_of_the_Seas.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Sovereign_of_the_Seas.jpg/440px-Sovereign_of_the_Seas.jpg 2x" data-file-width="772" data-file-height="531" /></a><figcaption> <i><a href="/wiki/HMS_Sovereign_of_the_Seas" title="HMS Sovereign of the Seas">Sovereign of the Seas</a></i>, a contemporaneous engraving by J. Payne</figcaption></figure> <p>The heavily armed <a href="/wiki/Carrack" title="Carrack">carrack</a>, first developed in Portugal for either trade or war in the <a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Ocean" title="Atlantic Ocean">Atlantic Ocean</a>, was the precursor of the <i>ship of the line</i>. Other maritime <a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">European</a> states quickly adopted it in the late 15th and early 16th centuries. These vessels were developed by fusing aspects of the <a href="/wiki/Cog_(ship)" title="Cog (ship)">cog</a> of the <a href="/wiki/North_Sea" title="North Sea">North Sea</a> and <a href="/wiki/Galley" title="Galley">galley</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_Sea" title="Mediterranean Sea">Mediterranean Sea</a>. The cogs, which traded in the <a href="/wiki/North_Sea" title="North Sea">North Sea</a>, in the <a href="/wiki/Baltic_Sea" title="Baltic Sea">Baltic Sea</a> and along the Atlantic coasts, had an advantage over <a href="/wiki/Galley" title="Galley">galleys</a> in battle because they had raised platforms called "castles" at bow and stern that archers could occupy to fire down on enemy ships or even to drop heavy weights from. At the bow, for instance, the castle was called the <a href="/wiki/Forecastle" title="Forecastle">forecastle</a> (usually contracted as fo'c'sle or fo'c's'le, and pronounced FOHK-səl). Over time these castles became higher and larger, and eventually were built into the structure of the ship, increasing overall strength. This aspect of the cog remained in the newer-style <a href="/wiki/Carrack" title="Carrack">carrack</a> designs and proved its worth in battles like that at <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Diu_(1509)" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Diu (1509)">Diu in 1509</a>. </p><p>The <i><a href="/wiki/Mary_Rose" title="Mary Rose">Mary Rose</a></i> was an early 16th-century <a href="/wiki/England" title="England">English</a> carrack or "<a href="/wiki/Great_ship" class="mw-redirect" title="Great ship">great ship</a>". She was heavily armed with 78 <a href="/wiki/Cannon" title="Cannon">guns</a> and 91 after an upgrade in the 1530s. Built in <a href="/wiki/Portsmouth" title="Portsmouth">Portsmouth</a> in 1510–1512, she was one of the earliest purpose-built <a href="/wiki/Man-of-war" title="Man-of-war">men-of-war</a> in the English navy. She was over 500 tons <a href="/wiki/Builder%27s_Old_Measurement" title="Builder's Old Measurement">burthen</a> and had a <a href="/wiki/Keel" title="Keel">keel</a> of over 32 metres (105 ft) and a crew of over 200 sailors, composed of 185 soldiers and 30 gunners. Although the pride of the English fleet, she accidentally sank during the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Solent" title="Battle of the Solent">Battle of the Solent</a>, 19 July 1545. </p><p><i><a href="/wiki/Henri_Gr%C3%A2ce_%C3%A0_Dieu" class="mw-redirect" title="Henri Grâce à Dieu">Henri Grâce à Dieu</a></i> (English: "Henry Grace of God"), nicknamed "<a href="/wiki/Great_Harry" class="mw-redirect" title="Great Harry">Great Harry</a>", was another early English carrack. Contemporary with <i>Mary Rose</i>, <i>Henri Grâce à Dieu</i> was 50 metres (160 ft) long, measuring 1,000–1,500 <a href="/wiki/Tons_burthen" class="mw-redirect" title="Tons burthen">tons burthen</a> and having a complement of 700–1,000. She was ordered by <a href="/wiki/Henry_VIII_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Henry VIII of England">Henry VIII</a> in response to the <a href="/wiki/Scotland" title="Scotland">Scottish</a> ship <a href="/wiki/Great_Michael" title="Great Michael"><i>Michael</i></a>, launched in 1511.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She was originally built at <a href="/wiki/Woolwich_Dockyard" title="Woolwich Dockyard">Woolwich Dockyard</a> from 1512 to 1514 and was one of the first vessels to feature <a href="/wiki/Gunport" class="mw-redirect" title="Gunport">gunports</a> and had twenty of the new heavy bronze <a href="/wiki/Cannon" title="Cannon">cannon</a>, allowing for a <a href="/wiki/Broadside_(naval)" title="Broadside (naval)">broadside</a>. In all, she mounted 43 heavy guns and 141 light guns. She was the first English <a href="/wiki/Two-decker" title="Two-decker">two-decker</a>, and when launched she was the largest and most powerful warship in Europe, but she saw little action. She was present at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Solent" title="Battle of the Solent">Battle of the Solent</a> against <a href="/wiki/Francis_I_of_France" title="Francis I of France">Francis I of France</a> in 1545 (in which <i>Mary Rose</i> sank) but appears to have been more of a diplomatic vessel, sailing on occasion with sails of gold cloth. Indeed, the great ships were almost as well known for their ornamental design (some ships, like the <a href="/wiki/Vasa_(ship)" title="Vasa (ship)"><i>Vasa</i></a>, were gilded on their stern <a href="/wiki/Scrollwork" class="mw-redirect" title="Scrollwork">scrollwork</a>) as they were for the power they possessed. </p><p>Carracks fitted for war carried large-<a href="/wiki/Caliber" title="Caliber">calibre</a> guns aboard. Because of their higher <a href="/wiki/Freeboard_(nautical)" title="Freeboard (nautical)">freeboard</a> and greater load-bearing ability, this type of vessel was better suited than the galley to wield gunpowder weapons. Because of their development for conditions in the <a href="/wiki/Atlantic" class="mw-redirect" title="Atlantic">Atlantic</a>, these ships were more weatherly than galleys and better suited to open waters. The lack of oars meant that large crews were unnecessary, making long journeys more feasible. Their disadvantage was that they were entirely reliant on the wind for mobility. Galleys could still overwhelm great ships, especially when there was little wind and they had a numerical advantage, but as great ships increased in size, galleys became less and less useful. </p><p>Another detriment was the high <a href="/wiki/Forecastle" title="Forecastle">forecastle</a>, which interfered with the sailing qualities of the ship; the bow would be forced low into the water while sailing before the wind. But as guns were introduced and gunfire replaced boarding as the primary means of naval combat during the 16th century, the medieval forecastle was no longer needed, and later ships such as the <a href="/wiki/Galleon" title="Galleon">galleon</a> had only a low, one-deck-high forecastle. By the time of the 1637 launching of England's <a href="/wiki/HMS_Sovereign_of_the_Seas" title="HMS Sovereign of the Seas"><i>Sovereign of the Seas</i></a>, the forecastle had disappeared altogether. </p><p>During the 16th century the <a href="/wiki/Galleon" title="Galleon">galleon</a> evolved from the carrack. It was a narrower ship, with a much reduced forecastle, and was much more manoeuvrable than the carrack. It was particularly favored from an early date by the Spanish for their <a href="/wiki/Spanish_treasure_fleet" title="Spanish treasure fleet">trans-Atlantic trade</a>. The main ships of the English and Spanish fleets in the <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Armada" title="Spanish Armada">Battle of Gravelines</a> of 1588 were galleons; all of the English and most of the Spanish galleons survived the battle and the great storm on the voyage home, even though the Spanish galleons had suffered the heaviest attacks from the English while regrouping their scattered fleet. By the 17th century every major European naval power was building ships like these. </p><p>With the growing importance of colonies and exploration and the need to maintain trade routes across stormy oceans, galleys and <a href="/wiki/Galleass" title="Galleass">galleasses</a> (a larger, higher type of galley with side-mounted guns, but lower than a galleon) were used less and less, and only in ever more restricted purposes and areas, so that by about 1750, with a few notable exceptions, they were of little use in naval battles. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Line-of-battle_adoption">Line-of-battle adoption</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ship_of_the_line&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Line-of-battle adoption"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Het_Kanonschot_-_Canon_fired_(Willem_van_de_Velde_II,_1707).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Het_Kanonschot_-_Canon_fired_%28Willem_van_de_Velde_II%2C_1707%29.jpg/220px-Het_Kanonschot_-_Canon_fired_%28Willem_van_de_Velde_II%2C_1707%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="262" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Het_Kanonschot_-_Canon_fired_%28Willem_van_de_Velde_II%2C_1707%29.jpg/330px-Het_Kanonschot_-_Canon_fired_%28Willem_van_de_Velde_II%2C_1707%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Het_Kanonschot_-_Canon_fired_%28Willem_van_de_Velde_II%2C_1707%29.jpg/440px-Het_Kanonschot_-_Canon_fired_%28Willem_van_de_Velde_II%2C_1707%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1908" data-file-height="2273" /></a><figcaption><i>The Cannon Shot</i>, 1707, by <a href="/wiki/Willem_van_de_Velde_the_Younger" title="Willem van de Velde the Younger">Willem van de Velde the Younger</a> depicts an early 18th-century Dutch man-of-war.</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/King_Erik_XIV" class="mw-redirect" title="King Erik XIV">King Erik XIV</a> of <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a> initiated construction of the ship <a href="/wiki/Swedish_warship_Mars" title="Swedish warship Mars"><i>Mars</i></a> in 1563; this might have been the first attempt of this battle tactic, roughly 50 years ahead of widespread adoption of the line of battle strategy.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2016)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> <i>Mars</i> was likely the largest ship in the world at the time of her build, equipped with 107 guns at a full-length of 96 metres (315 ft).<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2016)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> <i>Mars</i> became the first ship to be sunk by gunfire from other ships in a naval battle.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="There are records of cannon use in naval battles from the Ottoman-Venetian war of 1499–1503, why would no ship be sunk by naval cannons for over 60 years? (December 2018)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In the early to mid-17th century, several navies, particularly those of the <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a> and England, began to use new fighting techniques. Previously battles had usually been fought by great fleets of ships closing with each other and fighting in whatever arrangement they found themselves in, often boarding enemy vessels as opportunities presented themselves. As the use of <a href="/wiki/Broadside_(naval)" title="Broadside (naval)">broadsides</a> (coordinated fire by the <a href="/wiki/Artillery_battery" title="Artillery battery">battery</a> of <a href="/wiki/Cannon" title="Cannon">cannon</a> on one side of a <a href="/wiki/Warship" title="Warship">warship</a>) became increasingly dominant in battle, tactics changed. The evolving <i><a href="/wiki/Line-of-battle" class="mw-redirect" title="Line-of-battle">line-of-battle</a></i> tactic, first used in an ad hoc way, required ships to form single-file lines and close with the enemy fleet on the same tack, battering the enemy fleet until one side had had enough and retreated. Any manoeuvres would be carried out with the ships remaining in line for mutual protection. </p> <blockquote><p>In order that this order of battle, this long thin line of guns, may not be injured or broken at some point weaker than the rest, there is at the same time felt the necessity of putting in it only ships which, if not of equal force, have at least equally strong sides. Logically it follows, at the same moment in which the line ahead became definitively the order for battle, there was established the distinction between the ships 'of the line', alone destined for a place therein, and the lighter ships meant for other uses.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>The lighter ships were used for various functions, including acting as scouts, and relaying signals between the <a href="/wiki/Flagship" title="Flagship">flagship</a> and the rest of the fleet. This was necessary because from the flagship, only a small part of the line would be in clear sight. </p><p>The adoption of line-of-battle tactics had consequences for ship design. The height advantage given by the castles fore and aft was reduced, now that hand-to-hand combat was less essential. The need to manoeuvre in battle made the top weight of the castles more of a disadvantage. So they shrank, making the ship of the line lighter and more manoeuvrable than its forebears for the same combat power. As an added consequence, the hull itself grew larger, allowing the size and number of guns to increase as well. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Evolution_of_design">Evolution of design</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ship_of_the_line&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Evolution of design"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the 17th century <a href="/wiki/Naval_fleet" title="Naval fleet">fleets</a> could consist of almost a hundred ships of various sizes, but by the middle of the 18th century, ship-of-the-line design had settled on a few standard types: older <a href="/wiki/Two-decker" title="Two-decker">two-deckers</a> (i.e., with two complete decks of guns firing through side ports) of 50 guns (which were too weak for the battle line but could be used to escort <a href="/wiki/Convoy" title="Convoy">convoys</a>), two-deckers of between 64 and 90 guns that formed the main part of the fleet, and larger <a href="/wiki/Three-decker" title="Three-decker">three</a>- or even four-deckers with 98 to 140 guns that served as admirals' command ships. Fleets consisting of perhaps 10 to 25 of these ships, with their attendant <a href="/wiki/Auxiliary_ship" title="Auxiliary ship">supply ships</a> and scouting and messenger <a href="/wiki/Frigate" title="Frigate">frigates</a>, kept control of the sea lanes for major European naval powers whilst restricting the sea-borne trade of enemies. </p><p>The most common size of sail ship of the line was the <a href="/wiki/Seventy-four_(ship)" title="Seventy-four (ship)">"74"</a> (named for its 74 guns), originally developed by France in the 1730s, and later adopted by all battleship navies. Until this time the British had 6 sizes of ship of the line, and they found that their smaller 50- and 60-gun ships were becoming too small for the battle line, while their 80s and over were three-deckers and therefore unwieldy and unstable in heavy seas. Their best were 70-gun three-deckers of about 46 metres (151 ft) long on the gundeck, while the new French 74s were around 52 metres (171 ft). In 1747 the British captured a few of these French ships during the <a href="/wiki/War_of_Austrian_Succession" class="mw-redirect" title="War of Austrian Succession">War of Austrian Succession</a>. In the next decade <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Slade" title="Thomas Slade">Thomas Slade</a> (Surveyor of the Navy from 1755, along with co-Surveyor William Bately) broke away from the past and designed several new classes of 51-to-52-metre (167 to 171 ft) 74s to compete with these French designs, starting with the <a href="/wiki/Dublin-class_ship_of_the_line" title="Dublin-class ship of the line"><i>Dublin</i></a> and <a href="/wiki/Bellona-class_ship_of_the_line" title="Bellona-class ship of the line"><i>Bellona</i></a> classes. Their successors gradually improved handling and size through the 1780s.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other navies ended up building 74s also as they had the right balance between offensive power, cost, and manoeuvrability. Eventually around half of Britain's ships of the line were 74s. Larger vessels were still built, as command ships, but they were more useful only if they could definitely get close to an enemy, rather than in a battle involving chasing or manoeuvring. The 74 remained the favoured ship until 1811, when <a href="/wiki/Robert_Seppings" title="Robert Seppings">Seppings's</a> method of construction enabled bigger ships to be built with more stability. </p><p>In a few ships the design was altered long after the ship was launched and in service. In the Royal Navy, smaller two-deck 74- or 64-gun ships of the line that could not be used safely in fleet actions had their upper decks removed (or <i>razeed</i>), resulting in a very stout, single-gun-deck warship called a <i><a href="/wiki/Razee" title="Razee">razee</a></i>. The resulting razeed ship could be classed as a frigate and was still much stronger. The most successful razeed ship in the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Navy" title="Royal Navy">Royal Navy</a> was <a href="/wiki/HMS_Indefatigable_(1784)" title="HMS Indefatigable (1784)">HMS <i>Indefatigable</i></a>, commanded by Sir <a href="/wiki/Edward_Pellew,_1st_Viscount_Exmouth" title="Edward Pellew, 1st Viscount Exmouth">Edward Pellew</a>. </p><p>The Spanish ship <a href="/wiki/Spanish_ship_Nuestra_Se%C3%B1ora_de_la_Sant%C3%ADsima_Trinidad" title="Spanish ship Nuestra Señora de la Santísima Trinidad"><i>Nuestra Señora de la Santísima Trinidad</i></a>, was a Spanish first-rate ship of the line with 112 guns. This was increased in 1795–96 to 130 guns by closing in the <a href="/wiki/Deck_(ship)#Spar_deck" title="Deck (ship)">spar deck</a> between the <a href="/wiki/Quarterdeck" title="Quarterdeck">quarterdeck</a> and <a href="/wiki/Forecastle" title="Forecastle">forecastle</a>, and around 1802 to 140 guns, thus creating what was in effect a continuous fourth gundeck although the extra guns added were actually relatively small. She was the heaviest-armed ship in the world when rebuilt, and bore the most guns of any ship of the line outfitted in the <a href="/wiki/Age_of_Sail" title="Age of Sail">Age of Sail</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Ottoman_ship_Mahmudiye" title="Ottoman ship Mahmudiye"><i>Mahmudiye</i></a> (1829), ordered by the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman</a> Sultan <a href="/wiki/Mahmud_II" title="Mahmud II">Mahmud II</a> and built by the <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Arsenal_(Ottoman_Empire)" class="mw-redirect" title="Imperial Arsenal (Ottoman Empire)">Imperial Naval Arsenal</a> on the <a href="/wiki/Golden_Horn" title="Golden Horn">Golden Horn</a> in <a href="/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul">Istanbul</a>, was for many years the largest warship in the world. The 76.15 m × 21.22 m (249.8 ft × 69.6 ft)<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>Note 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ship of the line was armed with 128 cannons on three decks and was manned by 1,280 sailors. She participated in the <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Sevastopol_(1854%E2%80%931855)" title="Siege of Sevastopol (1854–1855)">Siege of Sevastopol (1854–1855)</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Crimean_War" title="Crimean War">Crimean War (1854–1856)</a>. She was decommissioned in 1874. </p><p>The second largest sailing three-decker ship of the line ever built in the West and the biggest French ship of the line was the <a href="/wiki/French_ship_Valmy_(1847)" title="French ship Valmy (1847)"><i>Valmy</i></a>, launched in 1847. She had vertical sides, which increased significantly the space available for upper batteries, but reduced the stability of the ship; wooden stabilisers were added under the waterline to address the issue. <i>Valmy</i> was thought to be the largest sort of sailing ship possible, as larger dimensions made the manoeuvre of riggings impractical with mere manpower. She participated in the Crimean War, and after her return to France later housed the <a href="/wiki/French_Naval_Academy" class="mw-redirect" title="French Naval Academy">French Naval Academy</a> under the name <i>Borda</i> from 1864 to 1890. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:HMS_Victory_2007.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="HMS Victory at drydock in Portsmouth Harbour, 2007"><img alt="HMS Victory at drydock in Portsmouth Harbour, 2007" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/HMS_Victory_2007.jpg/200px-HMS_Victory_2007.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/HMS_Victory_2007.jpg/300px-HMS_Victory_2007.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/HMS_Victory_2007.jpg/400px-HMS_Victory_2007.jpg 2x" data-file-width="604" data-file-height="453" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/HMS_Victory" title="HMS Victory">HMS <i>Victory</i></a> at drydock in Portsmouth Harbour, 2007</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Warship_diagram_orig.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A contemporary diagram illustrating a first- and a third-rate ship"><img alt="A contemporary diagram illustrating a first- and a third-rate ship" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Warship_diagram_orig.jpg/200px-Warship_diagram_orig.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="186" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Warship_diagram_orig.jpg/300px-Warship_diagram_orig.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Warship_diagram_orig.jpg/400px-Warship_diagram_orig.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2860" data-file-height="2664" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">A contemporary diagram illustrating a first- and a third-rate ship</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ottoman_ship_of_the_line_Mahmudiye.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Mahmudiye (1829)"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Ottoman_ship_of_the_line_Mahmudiye.png/143px-Ottoman_ship_of_the_line_Mahmudiye.png" decoding="async" width="143" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Ottoman_ship_of_the_line_Mahmudiye.png/215px-Ottoman_ship_of_the_line_Mahmudiye.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Ottoman_ship_of_the_line_Mahmudiye.png/287px-Ottoman_ship_of_the_line_Mahmudiye.png 2x" data-file-width="564" data-file-height="787" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Ottoman_ship_Mahmudiye" title="Ottoman ship Mahmudiye"><i>Mahmudiye</i></a> (1829)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Valmy_watercolour_Roux.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Valmy (1847)"><img alt="Valmy (1847)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Valmy_watercolour_Roux.jpg/200px-Valmy_watercolour_Roux.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Valmy_watercolour_Roux.jpg/300px-Valmy_watercolour_Roux.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Valmy_watercolour_Roux.jpg/400px-Valmy_watercolour_Roux.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1295" data-file-height="945" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/French_ship_Valmy_(1847)" title="French ship Valmy (1847)"><i>Valmy</i></a> (1847)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Weight_Growth_of_RN_First_Rate_Line-of-Battle_Ships_1630-1875.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Weight growth of RN first-rate ships of the line 1630–1861, including for comparison large early ironclads. Steam allowed an increase in the rate of growth."><img alt="Weight growth of RN first-rate ships of the line 1630–1861, including for comparison large early ironclads. Steam allowed an increase in the rate of growth." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Weight_Growth_of_RN_First_Rate_Line-of-Battle_Ships_1630-1875.svg/200px-Weight_Growth_of_RN_First_Rate_Line-of-Battle_Ships_1630-1875.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Weight_Growth_of_RN_First_Rate_Line-of-Battle_Ships_1630-1875.svg/300px-Weight_Growth_of_RN_First_Rate_Line-of-Battle_Ships_1630-1875.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Weight_Growth_of_RN_First_Rate_Line-of-Battle_Ships_1630-1875.svg/400px-Weight_Growth_of_RN_First_Rate_Line-of-Battle_Ships_1630-1875.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="540" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Weight growth of RN <a href="/wiki/First-rate" title="First-rate">first-rate</a> ships of the line 1630–1861, including for comparison large early ironclads. Steam allowed an increase in the rate of growth.</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Steam_power">Steam power</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ship_of_the_line&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Steam power"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The first major change to the ship-of-the-line concept was the introduction of steam power as an auxiliary propulsion system. The first military uses of steamships came in the 1810s, and in the 1820s a number of navies experimented with <a href="/wiki/Paddle_steamer" title="Paddle steamer">paddle steamer</a> warships. Their use spread in the 1830s, with paddle-steamer warships participating in conflicts like the <a href="/wiki/First_Opium_War" title="First Opium War">First Opium War</a> alongside ships of the line and frigates.<sup id="cite_ref-Sondhaus_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sondhaus-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Paddle steamers, however, had major disadvantages. The paddle wheel above the waterline was exposed to enemy fire, while itself preventing the ship from firing broadsides effectively. During the 1840s, the <a href="/wiki/Propeller" title="Propeller">screw propeller</a> emerged as the most likely method of steam propulsion, with both Britain and the US launching screw-propelled warships in 1843. Through the 1840s, the British and French navies launched ever larger and more powerful screw ships, alongside sail-powered ships of the line. In 1845, <a href="/wiki/Henry_Temple,_3rd_Viscount_Palmerston" class="mw-redirect" title="Henry Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston">Viscount Palmerston</a> gave an indication of the role of the new steamships in tense Anglo-French relations, describing the <a href="/wiki/English_Channel" title="English Channel">English Channel</a> as a "steam bridge", rather than a barrier to French invasion. It was partly because of the fear of war with France that the Royal Navy converted several old 74-gun ships of the line into 60-gun steam-powered blockships (following the model of <a href="/wiki/Robert_Fulton" title="Robert Fulton">Fulton</a>'s <a href="/wiki/United_States_floating_battery_Demologos" title="United States floating battery Demologos"><i>Demologos</i></a>), starting in 1845.<sup id="cite_ref-Sondhaus_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sondhaus-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The blockships were "originally conceived as steam batteries solely for harbour defence, but in September 1845 they were given a reduced [sailing] rig rather than none at all, to make them sea-going ships.… The blockships were to be a cost-effective experiment of great value."<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They subsequently gave good service in the <a href="/wiki/Crimean_War" title="Crimean War">Crimean War</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Napoleon(1850).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Napoleon%281850%29.jpg/220px-Napoleon%281850%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Napoleon%281850%29.jpg/330px-Napoleon%281850%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Napoleon%281850%29.jpg/440px-Napoleon%281850%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="675" data-file-height="552" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/French_ship_Napol%C3%A9on_(1850)" title="French ship Napoléon (1850)"><i>Napoléon</i></a> (1850), the first steam battleship</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/French_Navy" title="French Navy">French Navy</a>, however, developed the first purpose-built steam battleship with the 90-gun <a href="/wiki/French_ship_Napol%C3%A9on_(1850)" title="French ship Napoléon (1850)"><i>Napoléon</i></a> in 1850.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She is also considered the first true steam battleship, and the first screw battleship ever.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Napoléon</i> was armed as a conventional ship of the line, but her steam engines could give her a speed of 12 <a href="/wiki/Knot_(unit)" title="Knot (unit)">knots</a> (22 km/h; 14 mph), regardless of the wind conditions – a potentially decisive advantage in a naval engagement. </p><p>Eight sister ships to <i>Napoléon</i> were built in France over a period of ten years, but the United Kingdom soon took the lead in production, in number of both purpose-built and converted units. Altogether, France built 10 new wooden steam battleships and converted 28 from older battleship units, while the United Kingdom built 18 and converted 41.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the end, France and Britain were the only two countries to develop fleets of wooden steam screw battleships, although several other navies made some use of a mixture of screw battleships and paddle-steamer frigates. These included Russia, <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_the_Two_Sicilies" title="Kingdom of the Two Sicilies">Naples</a>, <a href="/wiki/Prussia" title="Prussia">Prussia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark">Denmark</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Sondhaus_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sondhaus-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Decline">Decline</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ship_of_the_line&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Decline"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Fighting_Temeraire,_JMW_Turner,_National_Gallery.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/The_Fighting_Temeraire%2C_JMW_Turner%2C_National_Gallery.jpg/220px-The_Fighting_Temeraire%2C_JMW_Turner%2C_National_Gallery.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="163" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/The_Fighting_Temeraire%2C_JMW_Turner%2C_National_Gallery.jpg/330px-The_Fighting_Temeraire%2C_JMW_Turner%2C_National_Gallery.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/The_Fighting_Temeraire%2C_JMW_Turner%2C_National_Gallery.jpg/440px-The_Fighting_Temeraire%2C_JMW_Turner%2C_National_Gallery.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5684" data-file-height="4223" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/J._M._W._Turner" title="J. M. W. Turner">Turner</a>'s depiction of <a href="/wiki/HMS_Temeraire_(1798)" title="HMS Temeraire (1798)">HMS <i>Temeraire</i></a>, hero of the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Trafalgar" title="Battle of Trafalgar">Battle of Trafalgar</a>, ignominiously towed by a little steamship</figcaption></figure> <p>In the <a href="/wiki/Crimean_War" title="Crimean War">Crimean War</a>, six line-of-battle ships and two frigates of the Russian <a href="/wiki/Black_Sea_Fleet" title="Black Sea Fleet">Black Sea Fleet</a> destroyed seven Ottoman frigates and three corvettes with explosive shells at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sinop" title="Battle of Sinop">Battle of Sinop</a> in 1853.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the 1860s unarmoured steam line-of-battle ships were replaced by <a href="/wiki/Ironclad_warship" title="Ironclad warship">ironclad warships</a>. In the <a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">American Civil War</a>, on March 8, 1862, during the first day of the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Hampton_Roads" title="Battle of Hampton Roads">Battle of Hampton Roads</a>, two unarmoured <a href="/wiki/Union_Navy" title="Union Navy">Union</a> wooden frigates were sunk and destroyed by the <a href="/wiki/Confederate_States_Navy" title="Confederate States Navy">Confederate</a> ironclad <a href="/wiki/CSS_Virginia" title="CSS Virginia">CSS <i>Virginia</i></a>. </p><p>However, the power implied by the ship of the line would find its way into the ironclad, which would develop during the next few decades into the concept of the <a href="/wiki/Battleship" title="Battleship">battleship</a>. </p><p>Several navies still use terms equivalent to the "ship of the line" for battleships, including the <a href="/wiki/German_Navy" title="German Navy">German</a> (<i>Linienschiff</i>) and <a href="/wiki/Russian_Navy" title="Russian Navy">Russian</a> (<i>lineyniy korabl`</i> (лине́йный кора́бль) or <i>linkor</i> (линкор) in short) navies. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Combat">Combat</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ship_of_the_line&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Combat"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Sailing_ship_tactics" title="Sailing ship tactics">Sailing ship tactics</a></div> <p>In the <a href="/wiki/North_Sea" title="North Sea">North Sea</a> and <a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Ocean" title="Atlantic Ocean">Atlantic Ocean</a>, the fleets of the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Navy" title="Royal Navy">Royal Navy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dutch_navy" class="mw-redirect" title="Dutch navy">the Netherlands</a>, <a href="/wiki/French_Navy" title="French Navy">France</a>, <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Armada" title="Spanish Armada">Spain</a> and <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Navy" title="Portuguese Navy">Portugal</a> fought numerous battles. In the <a href="/wiki/Baltic_Sea" title="Baltic Sea">Baltic</a>, the Scandinavian kingdoms and Russia did likewise, while in the <a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_Sea" title="Mediterranean Sea">Mediterranean Sea</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a>, Spain, France, Britain and the various <a href="/wiki/Barbary_pirates" title="Barbary pirates">Barbary pirates</a> battled. </p><p>By the eighteenth century, the UK had established itself as the world's preeminent naval power. Attempts by <a href="/wiki/Napoleon" title="Napoleon">Napoleon</a> to challenge the Royal Navy's dominance at sea proved a colossal failure. During the <a href="/wiki/Napoleonic_Wars" title="Napoleonic Wars">Napoleonic Wars</a>, Britain defeated French and allied fleets decisively all over the world including in the Caribbean at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Cape_St._Vincent_(1797)" title="Battle of Cape St. Vincent (1797)">Battle of Cape St. Vincent</a>, the Bay of Aboukir off the Egyptian coast at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Nile" title="Battle of the Nile">Battle of the Nile</a> in 1798, near Spain at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Trafalgar" title="Battle of Trafalgar">Battle of Trafalgar</a> in 1805, and in the second <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Copenhagen_(1807)" title="Battle of Copenhagen (1807)">Battle of Copenhagen (1807)</a>. The UK emerged from the Napoleonic Wars in 1815 with the largest and most professional navy in the world, composed of hundreds of wooden, sail-powered ships of all sizes and classes. </p><p>Overwhelming firepower was of no use if it could not be brought to bear which was not always possible against the smaller leaner ships used by Napoleon's privateers, operating from French <a href="/wiki/New_World" title="New World">New World</a> territories. The Royal Navy compensated by deploying numerous <a href="/wiki/Bermuda_sloop" title="Bermuda sloop">Bermuda sloops</a>. Similarly, many of the <a href="/wiki/British_East_India_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="British East India Company">East India Company</a>'s merchant vessels became lightly armed and quite competent in combat during this period, operating a convoy system under an armed merchantman, instead of depending on small numbers of more heavily armed ships which while effective, slowed the flow of commerce. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Restorations_and_preservation">Restorations and preservation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ship_of_the_line&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Restorations and preservation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Battleship1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Battleship1.jpg/170px-Battleship1.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="205" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Battleship1.jpg/255px-Battleship1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Battleship1.jpg/340px-Battleship1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="604" data-file-height="728" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/HMS_Victory" title="HMS Victory">HMS <i>Victory</i></a> in 1884, the only surviving example of a ship of the line</figcaption></figure> <p>The only original ship of the line remaining today is <a href="/wiki/HMS_Victory" title="HMS Victory">HMS <i>Victory</i></a>, preserved as a museum in <a href="/wiki/Portsmouth" title="Portsmouth">Portsmouth</a> to appear as she was while under Admiral <a href="/wiki/Horatio_Nelson" class="mw-redirect" title="Horatio Nelson">Horatio Nelson</a> at the Battle of Trafalgar in 1805. Although <i>Victory</i> has been in <a href="/wiki/Dry_dock" title="Dry dock">dry dock</a> since the 1920s, she is still a fully commissioned warship in the Royal Navy and is the oldest commissioned warship in any navy worldwide.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><i><a href="/wiki/Regalskeppet_Vasa" class="mw-redirect" title="Regalskeppet Vasa">Regalskeppet Vasa</a></i> sank in lake Mälaren in 1628 and was lost until 1956. She was then raised intact, in remarkably good condition, in 1961 and is presently on display at the <a href="/wiki/Vasa_Museum" title="Vasa Museum">Vasa Museum</a> in <a href="/wiki/Stockholm,_Sweden" class="mw-redirect" title="Stockholm, Sweden">Stockholm, Sweden</a>. At the time she was the largest Swedish warship ever built.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Today the <i>Vasa</i> Museum is the most visited museum in Sweden.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2013)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The last ship-of-the-line afloat was the French ship <i><a href="/wiki/French_ship_Duguay-Trouin_(1800)" class="mw-redirect" title="French ship Duguay-Trouin (1800)">Duguay-Trouin</a></i>, renamed <a href="/wiki/HMS_Implacable_(1805)" title="HMS Implacable (1805)">HMS <i>Implacable</i></a> after being captured by the British, which survived until 1949. The last ship-of-the-line to be sunk by enemy action was <a href="/wiki/HMS_Wellesley_(1815)" title="HMS Wellesley (1815)">HMS <i>Wellesley</i></a>, which was sunk by an air raid in 1940, during the <a href="/wiki/Second_World_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Second World War">Second World War</a>; she was briefly <a href="/wiki/Marine_salvage" title="Marine salvage">re-floated</a> in 1948 before being broken up. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="List">List</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ship_of_the_line&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: List"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ships_of_the_line_of_Denmark" title="List of ships of the line of Denmark">List of ships of the line of Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ships_of_the_line_of_the_Dutch_Republic" title="List of ships of the line of the Dutch Republic">List of ships of the line of the Dutch Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ships_of_the_line_of_France" title="List of ships of the line of France">List of ships of the line of France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ships_of_the_line_of_Spain" title="List of ships of the line of Spain">List of ships of the line of Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ships_of_the_line_of_Italy" title="List of ships of the line of Italy">List of ships of the line of Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ships_of_the_line_of_Malta" class="mw-redirect" title="List of ships of the line of Malta">List of ships of the line of Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ships_of_the_line_of_the_Ottoman_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="List of ships of the line of the Ottoman Empire">List of ships of the line of the Ottoman Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ships_of_the_line_of_Russia" title="List of ships of the line of Russia">List of ships of the line of Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ships_of_the_line_of_the_Royal_Swedish_Navy" class="mw-redirect" title="List of ships of the line of the Royal Swedish Navy">List of ships of the line of the Royal Swedish Navy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ships_of_the_line_of_the_Royal_Navy" title="List of ships of the line of the Royal Navy">List of ships of the line of the Royal Navy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ships_of_the_line_of_the_United_States_Navy" title="List of ships of the line of the United States Navy">List of ships of the line of the United States Navy</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ship_of_the_line&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_battleships_by_country" class="mw-redirect" title="List of battleships by country">List of battleships by country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Man-of-war" title="Man-of-war">Man-of-war</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ship_of_the_line&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The vessel was 201 <a href="/wiki/Traditional_Turkish_units_of_measurement#List_of_units" class="mw-redirect" title="Traditional Turkish units of measurement"><i>kadem</i></a> in length and 56 <i>kadem</i> in beam. One <i>kadem</i> measures 37.887 centimetres (1.2 ft). <i>Kadem</i> (which translates as "foot") is often misinterpreted as equivalent in length to <a href="/wiki/Foot_(unit)" title="Foot (unit)">one imperial foot</a>, hence the wrongly converted dimensions of "201×56 ft, or 62×17 m" in some sources.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ship_of_the_line&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Jochen Brennecke, Herbert Hader, "Panzerschiffe und Linienschiffe", 1860–1910, Köhlers Verlagsgesellschaft, Herford 1976, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-78220-116-7" title="Special:BookSources/3-78220-116-7">3-78220-116-7</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGoodwin2013" class="citation book cs1">Goodwin, George (2013). <i>Fatal Rivalry: Flodden 1513</i>. Phoenix: Orion. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1780221366" title="Special:BookSources/978-1780221366"><bdi>978-1780221366</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Fatal+Rivalry%3A+Flodden+1513&rft.place=Phoenix&rft.pub=Orion&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-1780221366&rft.aulast=Goodwin&rft.aufirst=George&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShip+of+the+line" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Mahan, A. T., <i>The Influence of Sea Power Upon History 1660–1783</i>, p. 116, quoting Chabaud-Arnault</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAngus_Constam_&_Tony_Bryan2001" class="citation book cs1">Angus Constam & Tony Bryan (2001). <i>British Napoleonic Ship-of-the-Line</i>. <a href="/wiki/Osprey_Publishing" title="Osprey Publishing">Osprey Publishing</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-84176-308-X" title="Special:BookSources/1-84176-308-X"><bdi>1-84176-308-X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=British+Napoleonic+Ship-of-the-Line&rft.pub=Osprey+Publishing&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=1-84176-308-X&rft.au=Angus+Constam+%26+Tony+Bryan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShip+of+the+line" class="Z3988"></span> as seen on books.google.com <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKonstam2001" class="citation book cs1">Konstam, Angus (25 November 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Og_73Qn8jp8C&q=William+Bately&pg=PT5"><i>British Napoleonic Ship-of-the-Line – Google Book Search</i></a>. Bloomsbury USA. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781841763088" title="Special:BookSources/9781841763088"><bdi>9781841763088</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-08-02</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=British+Napoleonic+Ship-of-the-Line+%E2%80%93+Google+Book+Search&rft.pub=Bloomsbury+USA&rft.date=2001-11-25&rft.isbn=9781841763088&rft.aulast=Konstam&rft.aufirst=Angus&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DOg_73Qn8jp8C%26q%3DWilliam%2BBately%26pg%3DPT5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShip+of+the+line" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged April 2024">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Sondhaus-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Sondhaus_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sondhaus_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sondhaus_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Sondhaus, L. <i>Naval Warfare, 1815–1914</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">p. 30, <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Lambert" title="Andrew Lambert">Lambert, Andrew</a>. <i>Battleships in Transition, the Creation of the Steam Battlefleet 1815–1860</i>, Conway Maritime Press, 1984. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-85177-315-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-85177-315-X">0-85177-315-X</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Napoleon (90 guns), the first purpose-designed screw line of battleships", <i>Steam, Steel and Shellfire</i>, Conway's History of the Ship, p. 39.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Hastened to completion Le Napoleon was launched on 16 May 1850, to become the world's first true steam battleship", <i>Steam, Steel and Shellfire</i>, Conway's History of the Ship, p. 39.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Steam, Steel and Shellfire</i>, Conway's History of the Ship, p. 41.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lambert, Andrew D, <i>The Crimean War, British Grand Strategy Against Russia, 1853–56</i>, pub Manchester University Press, 1990, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7190-3564-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-7190-3564-3">0-7190-3564-3</a>, pages 60–61.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSmith2011" class="citation news cs1">Smith, Emily (5 December 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://edition.cnn.com/2011/12/05/world/europe/hms-victory">"HMS Victory: World's oldest warship to get $25m facelift"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/CNN.com" class="mw-redirect" title="CNN.com">CNN.com</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Turner_Broadcasting_System,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Turner Broadcasting System, Inc.">Turner Broadcasting System, Inc.</a><span class="reference-accessdate"> Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 September</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN.com&rft.atitle=HMS+Victory%3A+World%27s+oldest+warship+to+get+%2425m+facelift&rft.date=2011-12-05&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Emily&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fedition.cnn.com%2F2011%2F12%2F05%2Fworld%2Feurope%2Fhms-victory&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShip+of+the+line" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMagazineEschner" class="citation web cs1">Magazine, Smithsonian; Eschner, Kat. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/bizarre-story-vasa-ship-keeps-giving-180964328/">"The Bizarre Story of 'Vasa,' the Ship That Keeps On Giving"</a>. <i>Smithsonian Magazine</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-06-03</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Smithsonian+Magazine&rft.atitle=The+Bizarre+Story+of+%27Vasa%2C%27+the+Ship+That+Keeps+On+Giving&rft.aulast=Magazine&rft.aufirst=Smithsonian&rft.au=Eschner%2C+Kat&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.smithsonianmag.com%2Fsmart-news%2Fbizarre-story-vasa-ship-keeps-giving-180964328%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShip+of+the+line" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ship_of_the_line&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ul><li>Rodger, N.A.M. <i>The Command of the Ocean, a Naval History of Britain 1649–1815</i>, London (2004). <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7139-9411-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-7139-9411-8">0-7139-9411-8</a></li> <li>Bennett, G. <i>The Battle of Trafalgar</i>, Barnsley (2004). <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-84415-107-7" title="Special:BookSources/1-84415-107-7">1-84415-107-7</a></li> <li>Military Heritage did a feature on frigates and included the British Rating System (John D. Gresham, Military Heritage, February 2002, Volume 3, No.4, pp. 12 to 17 and p. 87).</li> <li>Rodger, N.A.M. <i>The Command of the Ocean, a Naval History of Britain 1649–1815</i>, London (2004). <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7139-9411-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-7139-9411-8">0-7139-9411-8</a></li> <li>Lavery, Brian. <i>The Ship of the Line, Volume 1: The Development of the Battlefleet, 1650–1850</i>. Annapolis, Md.: Naval Institute Press, 1983. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87021-631-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-87021-631-7">0-87021-631-7</a>.</li> <li>Lavery, Brian. <i>The Ship of the Line, Volume 2: Design, Construction and Fittings</i>. Annapolis, Md.: Naval Institute Press, 1984. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87021-953-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-87021-953-7">0-87021-953-7</a>.</li> <li>Winfield, Rif. <i>The 50-Gun Ship</i>. London: Caxton Editions, 1997. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-84067-365-6" title="Special:BookSources/1-84067-365-6">1-84067-365-6</a>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-86176-025-6" title="Special:BookSources/1-86176-025-6">1-86176-025-6</a>.</li> <li>Mahan, A.T., <i>The Influence of Sea Power Upon History 1660–1783</i>, Cosimo, Inc., 2007</li> <li>Constam, Angus & Bryan, Tony, British Napoleonic Ship-of-the-Line, Osprey Publishing, 2001 184176308X</li> <li>Sondhaus, L. <i>Naval Warfare, 1815–1914</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Lambert" title="Andrew Lambert">Lambert, Andrew</a> <i>Battleships in Transition, the Creation of the Steam Battlefleet 1815–1860</i>, published Conway Maritime Press, 1984. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-85177-315-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-85177-315-X">0-85177-315-X</a></li> <li>Gardiner, Robert & Lambert, Andrew, (Editors), <i>Steam, Steel and Shellfire: The Steam Warship, 1815–1905</i> (Conway's History of the Ship series), Book Sales, 2001</li></ul></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ship_of_the_line&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Ships_of_the_line" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Ships of the line">Ships of the line</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190602080858/http://militarynavalhistory.net/shippictures/art_evolution_of_the_ship_of_the_line_01.htm">The evolution of the ship of the line</a>.</li> <li>Michael Philips, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070528195028/http://www.cronab.demon.co.uk/gen1.htm"><i>Notes on Sailing Warships</i></a>, 2000.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.battleships-cruisers.co.uk/sailship.htm">Ship of the Line</a> from battleships-cruisers.co.uk History of the Ship of the Line of the Royal Navy]</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dedelft.com/">Reconstruction of Ship of the Line 'Delft' (1783–1797). Rotterdam (Delfshaven) The Netherlands</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Liner"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Liner">"Liner, or Line of Battle Ship" </a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>. Vol. 16 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 727.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Liner%2C+or+Line+of+Battle+Ship&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.pages=727&rft.edition=11th&rft.date=1911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShip+of+the+line" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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href="/wiki/Third-rate" title="Third-rate">Third-rate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourth-rate" title="Fourth-rate">Fourth-rate</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Battleship1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Battleship1.jpg/75px-Battleship1.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Battleship1.jpg/112px-Battleship1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Battleship1.jpg/149px-Battleship1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="604" data-file-height="728" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Frigate" title="Frigate">Frigates</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fifth-rate" title="Fifth-rate">Fifth-rate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sixth-rate" title="Sixth-rate">Sixth-rate</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sloop-of-war" title="Sloop-of-war">Sloop-of-war</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bomb_vessel" title="Bomb vessel">Bomb vessel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brig" title="Brig">Brig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fire_ship" title="Fire ship">Fire ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cutter_(boat)" title="Cutter (boat)">Cutter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gunboat" title="Gunboat">Gunboat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post_ship" title="Post ship">Post ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schooner" title="Schooner">Schooner</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="History_of_the_battleship" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:BBhistory" title="Template:BBhistory"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:BBhistory" title="Template talk:BBhistory"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:BBhistory" title="Special:EditPage/Template:BBhistory"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="History_of_the_battleship" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">History of the <a href="/wiki/Battleship" title="Battleship">battleship</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ship of the line</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ironclad_warship" title="Ironclad warship">Ironclad warship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pre-dreadnought_battleship" title="Pre-dreadnought battleship">Pre-dreadnought battleship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dreadnought" title="Dreadnought">Dreadnought</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battlecruiser" title="Battlecruiser">Battlecruiser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fast_battleship" title="Fast battleship">Fast battleship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_battleship" title="Treaty battleship">Treaty battleship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battleships_in_World_War_II" title="Battleships in World War II">Battleships in World War II</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Naval_ships_and_warships_in_19th_and_20th_centuries" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Warship_types_of_the_19th_%26_20th_centuries" title="Template:Warship types of the 19th & 20th centuries"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Warship_types_of_the_19th_%26_20th_centuries" title="Template talk:Warship types of the 19th & 20th centuries"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Warship_types_of_the_19th_%26_20th_centuries" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Warship types of the 19th & 20th centuries"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Naval_ships_and_warships_in_19th_and_20th_centuries" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Naval_ship" title="Naval ship">Naval ships</a> and <a href="/wiki/Warship" title="Warship">warships</a> in 19th and 20th centuries</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_naval_ship_classes_in_service" title="List of naval ship classes in service">Naval ship classes in service</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_submarine_classes_in_service" title="List of submarine classes in service">submarine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_auxiliary_ship_classes_in_service" title="List of auxiliary ship classes in service">auxiliary</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maritime_geography" title="Maritime geography">Operational zones</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brown-water_navy" title="Brown-water navy">Brown-water navy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green-water_navy" title="Green-water navy">Green-water navy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue-water_navy" title="Blue-water navy">Blue-water navy</a></li></ul></li> <li>Gun placement <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Broadside_(naval)" title="Broadside (naval)">Broadside</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_battery_ship" title="Central battery ship">Central battery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Casemate" title="Casemate">Casemate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gun_turret" title="Gun turret">Turrets</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Aircraft_carrier" title="Aircraft carrier">Aircraft carriers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amphibious_assault_ship" title="Amphibious assault ship">Amphibious assault ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-submarine_warfare_carrier" title="Anti-submarine warfare carrier">Anti-submarine warfare carrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balloon_carrier" title="Balloon carrier">Balloon carrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battlecarrier" title="Battlecarrier">Battlecarrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CAM_ship" title="CAM ship">CAM ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Escort_carrier" title="Escort carrier">Escort carrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fighter_catapult_ship" title="Fighter catapult ship">Fighter catapult ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fleet_carrier" title="Fleet carrier">Fleet carrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flight_deck_cruiser" title="Flight deck cruiser">Flight deck cruiser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helicopter_carrier" title="Helicopter carrier">Helicopter carrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interdiction_Assault_Ship" title="Interdiction Assault Ship">Interdiction Assault Ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Light_aircraft_carrier" title="Light aircraft carrier">Light aircraft carrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merchant_aircraft_carrier" title="Merchant aircraft carrier">Merchant aircraft carrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seaplane_tender" title="Seaplane tender">Seaplane tender</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supercarrier" class="mw-redirect" title="Supercarrier">Supercarrier</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Battleship" title="Battleship">Battleships</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coastal_defence_ship" title="Coastal defence ship">Coastal defence ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dreadnought" title="Dreadnought">Dreadnought</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fast_battleship" title="Fast battleship">Fast battleship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pre-dreadnought_battleship" title="Pre-dreadnought battleship">Pre-dreadnought battleship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dreadnought#Super-dreadnoughts" title="Dreadnought">Super-dreadnought</a> (<a href="/wiki/Standard-type_battleship" title="Standard-type battleship">Standard-type battleship</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_battleship" title="Treaty battleship">Treaty battleship</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cruiser" title="Cruiser">Cruisers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aircraft_cruiser" title="Aircraft cruiser">Aircraft cruiser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armored_cruiser" title="Armored cruiser">Armored cruiser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battlecruiser" title="Battlecruiser">Battlecruiser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guided_missile_cruiser" class="mw-redirect" title="Guided missile cruiser">Guided missile cruiser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heavy_cruiser" title="Heavy cruiser">Heavy cruiser</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Deutschland-class_cruiser" title="Deutschland-class cruiser">Pocket battleship</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Light_cruiser" title="Light cruiser">Light cruiser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merchant_raider" title="Merchant raider">Merchant raider</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protected_cruiser" title="Protected cruiser">Protected cruiser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scout_cruiser" title="Scout cruiser">Scout cruiser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strike_cruiser" title="Strike cruiser">Strike cruiser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torpedo_cruiser" title="Torpedo cruiser">Torpedo cruiser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unprotected_cruiser" title="Unprotected cruiser">Unprotected cruiser</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Escort</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aviso" title="Aviso">Aviso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convoy_rescue_ship" title="Convoy rescue ship">Convoy rescue ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Destroyer" title="Destroyer">Destroyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Destroyer_escort" title="Destroyer escort">Destroyer escort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Destroyer_leader" title="Destroyer leader">Destroyer leader</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Escort_destroyer" title="Escort destroyer">Escort destroyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Escorteur" title="Escorteur">Escorteur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frigate" title="Frigate">Frigate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guided-missile_destroyer" title="Guided-missile destroyer">Guided-missile destroyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaib%C5%8Dkan" title="Kaibōkan">Kaibōkan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radar_picket" title="Radar picket">Radar picket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sloop-of-war" title="Sloop-of-war">Sloop</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Transport</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amphibious_transport_dock" title="Amphibious transport dock">Amphibious transport dock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amphibious_warfare_ship" title="Amphibious warfare ship">Amphibious warfare ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attack_transport" title="Attack transport">Attack transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dock_landing_ship" title="Dock landing ship">Dock landing ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Landing_craft" title="Landing craft">Landing craft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Landing_craft_carrier" title="Landing craft carrier">Landing craft carrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Landing_Craft_Support" title="Landing Craft Support">Landing Craft Support</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Landing_Ship_Heavy" class="mw-redirect" title="Landing Ship Heavy">Landing Ship Heavy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Landing_ship,_infantry" title="Landing ship, infantry">Landing ship, infantry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Landing_Ship_Logistics" class="mw-redirect" title="Landing Ship Logistics">Landing Ship Logistics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Landing_Ship_Medium" title="Landing Ship Medium">Landing Ship Medium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Landing_Ship,_Tank" title="Landing Ship, Tank">Landing Ship, Tank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Landing_Ship_Vehicle" class="mw-redirect" title="Landing Ship Vehicle">Landing Ship Vehicle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Troopship" title="Troopship">Troopship</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Patrol craft</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armed_boarding_steamer" title="Armed boarding steamer">Armed boarding steamer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armed_yacht" title="Armed yacht">Armed yacht</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coastal_motor_boat" title="Coastal motor boat">Coastal motor boat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corvette" title="Corvette">Corvette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gunboat" title="Gunboat">Gunboat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harbour_defence_motor_launch" title="Harbour defence motor launch">Harbour defence motor launch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motor_launch_(naval)" title="Motor launch (naval)">Motor launch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naval_drifter" title="Naval drifter">Naval drifter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naval_trawler" title="Naval trawler">Naval trawler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ocean_boarding_vessel" title="Ocean boarding vessel">Ocean boarding vessel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrol_boat" title="Patrol boat">Patrol boat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Q-ship" title="Q-ship">Q-ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steam_gun_boat" title="Steam gun boat">Steam gun boat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Submarine_chaser" title="Submarine chaser">Submarine chaser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torpedo_boat" title="Torpedo boat">Torpedo boat</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Fast_attack_craft" title="Fast attack craft">Fast attack craft</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/E-boat" title="E-boat">E-boat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MAS_(motorboat)" title="MAS (motorboat)">MAS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motor_gunboat" title="Motor gunboat">MGB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Missile_boat" title="Missile boat">Missile boat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motor_torpedo_boat" title="Motor torpedo boat">MTB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MT_explosive_motorboat" title="MT explosive motorboat">MTM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MTSM_motor_torpedo_boat" title="MTSM motor torpedo boat">MTSM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PT_boat" title="PT boat">PT boat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shin%27y%C5%8D-class_suicide_motorboat" class="mw-redirect" title="Shin'yō-class suicide motorboat">Shin'yō</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Mine warfare</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Danlayer" title="Danlayer">Danlayer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Destroyer_minesweeper" title="Destroyer minesweeper">Destroyer minesweeper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mine_countermeasures_vessel" title="Mine countermeasures vessel">Mine countermeasures vessel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mine_planter" title="Mine planter">Mine planter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minehunter" title="Minehunter">Minehunter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minelayer" title="Minelayer">Minelayer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minesweeper" title="Minesweeper">Minesweeper</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Command and support</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amenities_ship" title="Amenities ship">Amenities ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ammunition_ship" title="Ammunition ship">Ammunition ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auxiliary_repair_dock" title="Auxiliary repair dock">Auxiliary repair dock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auxiliary_ship" title="Auxiliary ship">Auxiliary ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collier_(ship)" title="Collier (ship)">Collier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combat_stores_ship" title="Combat stores ship">Combat stores ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Command_ship" title="Command ship">Command ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crane_vessel" title="Crane vessel">Crane vessel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Depot_ship" title="Depot ship">Depot ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Destroyer_tender" title="Destroyer tender">Destroyer tender</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dispatch_boat" title="Dispatch boat">Dispatch boat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fast_combat_support_ship" title="Fast combat support ship">Fast combat support ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_stores_issue_ship" title="General stores issue ship">General stores issue ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hospital_ship" title="Hospital ship">Hospital ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joint_support_ship" title="Joint support ship">Joint support ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tugboat" title="Tugboat">Naval tugboat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Net_laying_ship" title="Net laying ship">Net laying ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Repair_ship" title="Repair ship">Repair ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Replenishment_oiler" title="Replenishment oiler">Replenishment oiler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Submarine_tender" title="Submarine tender">Submarine tender</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Submarine" title="Submarine">Submarines</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Attack_submarine" title="Attack submarine">Attack submarine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ballistic_missile_submarine" title="Ballistic missile submarine">Ballistic missile submarine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coastal_submarine" title="Coastal submarine">Coastal submarine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cruise_missile_submarine" class="mw-redirect" title="Cruise missile submarine">Cruise missile submarine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cruiser_submarine" title="Cruiser submarine">Cruiser submarine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deep-submergence_vehicle" title="Deep-submergence vehicle">Deep-submergence vehicle</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Deep-submergence_rescue_vehicle" title="Deep-submergence rescue vehicle">DSRV</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fleet_submarine" title="Fleet submarine">Fleet submarine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_torpedo" title="Human torpedo">Human torpedo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midget_submarine" title="Midget submarine">Midget submarine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Submarine_aircraft_carrier" title="Submarine aircraft carrier">Submarine aircraft carrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U-boat" title="U-boat">U-boat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wet_sub" title="Wet sub">Wet sub</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Miscellaneous</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armed_merchantman" title="Armed merchantman">Armed merchantman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arsenal_ship" title="Arsenal ship">Arsenal ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barracks_ship" title="Barracks ship">Barracks ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breastwork_monitor" title="Breastwork monitor">Breastwork monitor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_ship" title="Capital ship">Capital ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drone_carrier" title="Drone carrier">Drone carrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flagship" title="Flagship">Flagship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Floating_battery" title="Floating battery">Floating battery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guard_ship" title="Guard ship">Guard ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Littoral_combat_ship" title="Littoral combat ship">Littoral combat ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monitor_(warship)" title="Monitor (warship)">Monitor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mother_ship" title="Mother ship">Mother ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_monitor" title="River monitor">River monitor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Training_ship" title="Training ship">Training ship</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Ship_types" title="Template:Ship types">Ship types</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Sailing_vessels_and_rigs" title="Template:Sailing vessels and rigs">Sailing vessels</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Types_of_sailing_vessels_and_rigs" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Sailing_vessels_and_rigs" title="Template:Sailing vessels and rigs"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Sailing_vessels_and_rigs" title="Template talk:Sailing vessels and rigs"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Sailing_vessels_and_rigs" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Sailing vessels and rigs"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Types_of_sailing_vessels_and_rigs" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Types of <a href="/wiki/Sailing" title="Sailing">sailing</a> vessels and <a href="/wiki/Rigging" title="Rigging">rigs</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Overviews</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Age_of_Sail" title="Age of Sail">Age of Sail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maritime_history" title="Maritime history">Maritime history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Age_of_Discovery" title="Age of Discovery">Age of Discovery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Navigation" title="Navigation">Navigation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sailing rigs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bermuda_rig" title="Bermuda rig">Bermuda rig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crab_claw_sail" title="Crab claw sail">Crab claw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fore-and-aft_rig" title="Fore-and-aft rig">Fore-and-aft rig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaff_rig" title="Gaff rig">Gaff rig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gunter_rig" title="Gunter rig">Gunter rig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junk_rig" title="Junk rig">Junk rig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lateen" title="Lateen">Lateen rig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ljungstr%C3%B6m_rig" title="Ljungström rig">Ljungström rig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lug_sail" title="Lug sail">Lug rig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mast_aft_rig" class="mw-redirect" title="Mast aft rig">Mast aft rig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinisi" title="Pinisi">Pinisi rig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Square_rig" title="Square rig">Square rig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanja_sail" title="Tanja sail">Tanja rig</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By <a href="/wiki/Sailing_rigs" class="mw-redirect" title="Sailing rigs">sailing rigs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barque" title="Barque">Barque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barquentine" title="Barquentine">Barquentine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brig" title="Brig">Brig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brigantine" title="Brigantine">Brigantine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catboat" title="Catboat">Catboat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cutter_(boat)" title="Cutter (boat)">Cutter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Full-rigged_ship" title="Full-rigged ship">Full-rigged ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jackass-barque" title="Jackass-barque">Jackass-barque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ketch" title="Ketch">Ketch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mistico_(boat)" title="Mistico (boat)">Mistico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schooner" title="Schooner">Schooner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sloop" title="Sloop">Sloop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snow_(ship)" title="Snow (ship)">Snow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yawl" title="Yawl">Yawl</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Multihull" title="Multihull">Multihull</a> vessels</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%CA%BBalia" class="mw-redirect" title="ʻalia">ʻalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amatasi" title="Amatasi">Amatasi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baurua" title="Baurua">Baurua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bigiw" title="Bigiw">Bigiw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camakau" title="Camakau">Camakau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catamaran" title="Catamaran">Catamaran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drua" title="Drua">Drua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guilalo" title="Guilalo">Guilalo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jukung" title="Jukung">Jukung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaep" title="Kaep">Kaep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalia_(watercraft)" title="Kalia (watercraft)">Kalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karakoa" title="Karakoa">Karakoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kora_kora" title="Kora kora">Kora kora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lakatoi" title="Lakatoi">Lakatoi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lanong" title="Lanong">Lanong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outrigger_canoe" class="mw-redirect" title="Outrigger canoe">Outrigger canoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pahi_(ship)" title="Pahi (ship)">Pahi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paraw" title="Paraw">Paraw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pentamaran" class="mw-redirect" title="Pentamaran">Pentamaran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proa" title="Proa">Proa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quadrimaran" class="mw-redirect" title="Quadrimaran">Quadrimaran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takia_(watercraft)" title="Takia (watercraft)">Takia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tepukei" title="Tepukei">Tepukei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tipairua" title="Tipairua">Tipairua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tongiaki" title="Tongiaki">Tongiaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trimaran" title="Trimaran">Trimaran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ungalawa" class="mw-redirect" title="Ungalawa">Ungalawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Va%27a-tele" title="Va'a-tele">Va'a-tele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaka_katea" title="Vaka katea">Vaka katea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vinta" title="Vinta">Vinta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wa_(watercraft)" title="Wa (watercraft)">Wa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Naval and merchant<br /><a href="/wiki/Sailing_ship" title="Sailing ship">sailing ships</a><br />and other vessels <br />(by origin date)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ancient_history" title="Ancient history">Ancient</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balangay" title="Balangay">Balangay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boita" title="Boita">Boita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borobudur_ship" title="Borobudur ship">Borobudur ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhow" title="Dhow">Dhow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fire_ship" title="Fire ship">Fire ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galley" title="Galley">Galley</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Penteconter" title="Penteconter">Penteconter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bireme" title="Bireme">Bireme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trireme" title="Trireme">Trireme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quadriremes" class="mw-redirect" title="Quadriremes">Quadriremes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tessarakonteres" title="Tessarakonteres">Tessarakonteres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dromon" title="Dromon">Dromon</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junk_(ship)" title="Junk (ship)">Junk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%27un-lun_po" title="K'un-lun po">K'un-lun po</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lepa_(ship)" title="Lepa (ship)">Lepa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mtepe" title="Mtepe">Mtepe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uru_(boat)" title="Uru (boat)">Uru</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Post-classical_history" title="Post-classical history">Post-classical</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balinger" title="Balinger">Balinger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benawa" title="Benawa">Benawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birlinn" title="Birlinn">Birlinn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bomb_vessel" title="Bomb vessel">Bomb vessel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cog_(ship)" title="Cog (ship)">Cog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hulk_(medieval_ship_type)" title="Hulk (medieval ship type)">Hulk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jong_(ship)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jong (ship)">Jong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knarr" title="Knarr">Knarr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koch_(boat)" title="Koch (boat)">Koch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kondura_(ship)" title="Kondura (ship)">Kondura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Longship" title="Longship">Longship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malangbang" title="Malangbang">Malangbang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shitik" title="Shitik">Shitik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tongkang" title="Tongkang">Tongkang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zabra" title="Zabra">Zabra</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">15th c.</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carrack" title="Carrack">Carrack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_treasure_ship" title="Chinese treasure ship">Chinese treasure ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caravel" title="Caravel">Caravel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghurab" title="Ghurab">Ghurab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lancaran_(ship)" title="Lancaran (ship)">Lancaran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hoy_(boat)" title="Hoy (boat)">Hoy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trabaccolo" title="Trabaccolo">Trabaccolo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">16th c.</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crommesteven" title="Crommesteven">Crommesteven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galiot" title="Galiot">Galiot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galleon" title="Galleon">Galleon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galleass" title="Galleass">Galleass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghali_(ship)" title="Ghali (ship)">Ghali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flyboat" title="Flyboat">Flyboat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fluyt" title="Fluyt">Fluyt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Full-rigged_pinnace" title="Full-rigged pinnace">Full-rigged pinnace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lorcha_(boat)" title="Lorcha (boat)">Lorcha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Man-of-war" title="Man-of-war">Man-of-war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manchua" title="Manchua">Manchua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patache" title="Patache">Patache</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Speronara" title="Speronara">Speronara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Square-rigged_caravel" title="Square-rigged caravel">Square-rigged caravel (<i>round</i> or <i>de armada</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xebec" title="Xebec">Xebec</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">17th c.</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bermuda_sloop" title="Bermuda sloop">Bermuda sloop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corvette" title="Corvette">Corvette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Indiaman" title="East Indiaman">East Indiaman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frigate" title="Frigate">Frigate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galeas" title="Galeas">Galeas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koff_(ship_type)" title="Koff (ship type)">Koff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pink_(ship)" title="Pink (ship)">Pink</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polacca" title="Polacca">Polacca</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ship of the line</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">18th c.</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bilander" title="Bilander">Bilander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chialoup" title="Chialoup">Chialoup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clipper" title="Clipper">Clipper</a> (<a href="/wiki/Baltimore_Clipper" title="Baltimore Clipper">Baltimore Clipper</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gallivat" title="Gallivat">Gallivat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garay_(ship)" title="Garay (ship)">Garay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grab_(ship)" title="Grab (ship)">Grab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gundalow" title="Gundalow">Gundalow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lanong" title="Lanong">Lanong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Padewakang" title="Padewakang">Padewakang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post_ship" title="Post ship">Post ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seventy-four_(ship)" title="Seventy-four (ship)">74-gun</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ship of the line</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sloop-of-war" title="Sloop-of-war">Sloop-of-war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toop_(boat)" title="Toop (boat)">Toop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trincadour" title="Trincadour">Trincadour</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">19th c.</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blackwall_frigate" title="Blackwall frigate">Blackwall frigate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Down_Easter_(ship)" title="Down Easter (ship)">Down Easter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golekan" title="Golekan">Golekan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iron-hulled_sailing_ship" title="Iron-hulled sailing ship">Iron-hulled sailing ship</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ironclad_warship" title="Ironclad warship">Warship</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janggolan" title="Janggolan">Janggolan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lambo_(boat)" title="Lambo (boat)">Lambo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leti_leti" title="Leti leti">Leti leti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palari_(boat)" title="Palari (boat)">Palari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamar_barge" title="Tamar barge">Tamar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Country_Ketch" class="mw-redirect" title="West Country Ketch">West Country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windjammer" title="Windjammer">Windjammer</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">20th c.</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Montagu_whaler" title="Montagu whaler">Montagu whaler</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Fishing vessels</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bagan_(fishing)" title="Bagan (fishing)">Bagan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bago_(boat)" title="Bago (boat)">Bago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barca-longa" title="Barca-longa">Barca-longa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falku%C5%A1a" title="Falkuša">Falkuša</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Felucca" title="Felucca">Felucca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fifie" title="Fifie">Fifie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gableboat" title="Gableboat">Gableboat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herring_buss" title="Herring buss">Herring buss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jangada" title="Jangada">Jangada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jukung" title="Jukung">Jukung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lugger" title="Lugger">Lugger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masula_boat" title="Masula boat">Masula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mayang_(boat)" title="Mayang (boat)">Mayang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patorani" title="Patorani">Patorani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nordland_(boat)" title="Nordland (boat)">Nordland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sixareen" title="Sixareen">Sixareen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sgoth_Niseach" class="mw-redirect" title="Sgoth Niseach">Sgoth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smack_(ship)" title="Smack (ship)">Smack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tartane" title="Tartane">Tartane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Well_smack" title="Well smack">Well smack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoal" title="Yoal">Yoal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Recreational vessels</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dinghy" title="Dinghy">Dinghy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ljungstr%C3%B6m_sailboat" title="Ljungström sailboat">Ljungström sailboat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mast_aft_rig" class="mw-redirect" title="Mast aft rig">Mast aft rig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pocket_cruiser" title="Pocket cruiser">Pocket cruiser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sailing_hydrofoil" title="Sailing hydrofoil">Sailing hydrofoil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sailing_yacht" title="Sailing yacht">Sailing yacht</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sportsboat" title="Sportsboat">Sportsboat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trailer_sailer" title="Trailer sailer">Trailer sailer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Wharram" title="James Wharram">Wharrams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windsurfing" title="Windsurfing">Windsurfer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yacht" title="Yacht">Yacht</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Special terms</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Inflatable_boat" title="Inflatable boat">Inflatable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lashed-lug_boat" title="Lashed-lug boat">Lashed lug</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Razee" title="Razee">Razee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sewn_boat" title="Sewn boat">Sewn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tall_ship" title="Tall ship">Tall ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treenailed_boat" title="Treenailed boat">Treenailed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ultra_light_displacement_boat" title="Ultra light displacement boat">ULDB</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other types</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bristol_Channel_pilot_cutter" title="Bristol Channel pilot cutter">Bristol Channel pilot cutter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Floating_restaurant" title="Floating restaurant">Floating restaurant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fusta" title="Fusta">Fusta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mersey_flat" title="Mersey flat">Mersey flat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norfolk_punt" title="Norfolk punt">Norfolk punt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norfolk_wherry" title="Norfolk wherry">Norfolk wherry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pausik" class="mw-redirect" title="Pausik">Pausik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinnace_(ship%27s_boat)" title="Pinnace (ship's boat)">Pinnace (ship's boat)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pram_(ship)" title="Pram (ship)">Pram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scow" title="Scow">Scow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thames_sailing_barge" title="Thames sailing barge">Thames sailing barge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wherry" title="Wherry">Wherry</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nautical_operations" title="Nautical operations">Nautical operations</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207452#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207452#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207452#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4258111-4">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85121662">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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