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<li id="toc-Formation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Formation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Formation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Formation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Major_contributions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Major_contributions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Major contributions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Major_contributions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Fate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cabinets" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 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<span>Callaghan ministry</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Callaghan_ministry-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Full_list_of_ministers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Full_list_of_ministers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Full list of ministers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Full_list_of_ministers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span 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class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Government of the United Kingdom from 1974 to 1979</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:292px;max-width:292px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:142px;max-width:142px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:175px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Harold_Wilson.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Harold_Wilson.jpg/140px-Harold_Wilson.jpg" decoding="async" width="140" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Harold_Wilson.jpg/210px-Harold_Wilson.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Harold_Wilson.jpg/280px-Harold_Wilson.jpg 2x" data-file-width="635" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/Harold_Wilson" title="Harold Wilson">Harold Wilson</a> led the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Government of the United Kingdom">Government</a> from 1974 to 1976, and was succeeded by <a href="/wiki/James_Callaghan" title="James Callaghan">James Callaghan</a>.</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:146px;max-width:146px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:175px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:James_Callaghan_ppmsca.53218_(cropped).tif" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/James_Callaghan_ppmsca.53218_%28cropped%29.tif/lossy-page1-144px-James_Callaghan_ppmsca.53218_%28cropped%29.tif.jpg" decoding="async" width="144" height="175" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/James_Callaghan_ppmsca.53218_%28cropped%29.tif/lossy-page1-216px-James_Callaghan_ppmsca.53218_%28cropped%29.tif.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/James_Callaghan_ppmsca.53218_%28cropped%29.tif/lossy-page1-288px-James_Callaghan_ppmsca.53218_%28cropped%29.tif.jpg 2x" data-file-width="958" data-file-height="1166" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Callaghan led the Government from 1976 onward. He was defeated at the <a href="/wiki/1979_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1979 United Kingdom general election">1979 general election</a>.</div></div></div></div></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Labour Party</a> governed the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> from 1974 to 1979. During this period, <a href="/wiki/Harold_Wilson" title="Harold Wilson">Harold Wilson</a> and <a href="/wiki/James_Callaghan" title="James Callaghan">James Callaghan</a> were successively appointed as <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Prime Minister of the United Kingdom">Prime Minister</a> by Queen <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_II" title="Elizabeth II">Elizabeth II</a>. The end of the Callaghan ministry was presaged by the <a href="/wiki/Winter_of_Discontent" title="Winter of Discontent">Winter of Discontent</a>, a period of serious industrial discontent. This was followed by the election of <a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> leader <a href="/wiki/Margaret_Thatcher" title="Margaret Thatcher">Margaret Thatcher</a> in 1979. </p><p>Historian <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_O._Morgan" title="Kenneth O. Morgan">Kenneth O. Morgan</a> states: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>The fall of James Callaghan in the summer of 1979 meant, according to most commentators across the political spectrum, the end of an <a href="/wiki/Ancien_r%C3%A9gime" title="Ancien régime">ancien régime</a>, a system of <a href="/wiki/Corporatism" title="Corporatism">corporatism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Keynesian_economics" title="Keynesian economics">Keynesian spending programmes</a>, subsidised welfare, and trade union power.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>The government consisted of three ministries: the <b>third</b> and <b>fourth Wilson ministry</b>, and then the <b>Callaghan ministry</b>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div style="clear:right;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Labour_government,_1974%E2%80%931979&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239334494">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks sidebar-person vcard hlist" style="border-color: darkgrey"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><table><tbody><tr> <td class="sidebar-person-title-image" style="background-color:#E4003B;color:inherit;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Premier_Wilson_gaf_persconferentie_na_bespreking_in_Den_Haag_,_Wilson_(kop),_Bestanddeelnr_920-1165_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Premier_Wilson_gaf_persconferentie_na_bespreking_in_Den_Haag_%2C_Wilson_%28kop%29%2C_Bestanddeelnr_920-1165_%28cropped%29.jpg/75px-Premier_Wilson_gaf_persconferentie_na_bespreking_in_Den_Haag_%2C_Wilson_%28kop%29%2C_Bestanddeelnr_920-1165_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Premier_Wilson_gaf_persconferentie_na_bespreking_in_Den_Haag_%2C_Wilson_%28kop%29%2C_Bestanddeelnr_920-1165_%28cropped%29.jpg/113px-Premier_Wilson_gaf_persconferentie_na_bespreking_in_Den_Haag_%2C_Wilson_%28kop%29%2C_Bestanddeelnr_920-1165_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Premier_Wilson_gaf_persconferentie_na_bespreking_in_Den_Haag_%2C_Wilson_%28kop%29%2C_Bestanddeelnr_920-1165_%28cropped%29.jpg/150px-Premier_Wilson_gaf_persconferentie_na_bespreking_in_Den_Haag_%2C_Wilson_%28kop%29%2C_Bestanddeelnr_920-1165_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1927" data-file-height="2566" /></a></span></td> <td class="sidebar-person-title" style="background-color:#E4003B;color: #FFF;"><div><span class="tmp-color" style="color: #FFF">This article is part of <br />a series about</span></div><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Harold_Wilson" title="Harold Wilson"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: #FFF; text-decoration: inherit;">Harold Wilson</span></a></span></span></td> </tr></tbody></table></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Labour Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huyton_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Huyton (UK Parliament constituency)">MP for Huyton</a></li></ul> <hr /> <div style="font-weight: bold;line-height:normal;">Pre-Prime Minister</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1960_Labour_Party_leadership_election" title="1960 Labour Party leadership election">1960 leadership election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1963_Labour_Party_leadership_election_(UK)" title="1963 Labour Party leadership election (UK)">1963 leadership election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1964_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1964 United Kingdom general election">1964 general election</a></li></ul> <hr /> <div style="font-weight: bold;line-height:normal;">Prime Minister of the United Kingdom</div> <hr /> <div style="font-weight: bold;line-height:normal;">First term</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Labour_government,_1964%E2%80%931970#List_of_ministers" title="Labour government, 1964–1970">Cabinet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circular_10/65" title="Circular 10/65">Circular 10/65</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_gains_tax#United_Kingdom" title="Capital gains tax">Capital gains tax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murder_(Abolition_of_Death_Penalty)_Act_1965" title="Murder (Abolition of Death Penalty) Act 1965">Abolition of death penalty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Decimal_Day#Background" title="Decimal Day">Decimalisation announcement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1966_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1966 United Kingdom general election">1966 general election</a></li></ul> <hr /> <div style="font-weight: bold;line-height:normal;">Second term</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Labour_government,_1964%E2%80%931970#List_of_ministers" title="Labour government, 1964–1970">Cabinet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_Offences_Act_1967" title="Sexual Offences Act 1967">Decriminalisation of homosexuality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_Act_1967" title="Abortion Act 1967">Abortion Act 1967</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Race_Relations_Act_1968" title="Race Relations Act 1968">Race Relations Act 1968</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_University#History" title="Open University">Open University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Divorce_Reform_Act_1969" title="Divorce Reform Act 1969">Divorce Reform Act 1969</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Banner" title="Operation Banner">Operation Banner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1970_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1970 United Kingdom general election">1970 general election</a></li></ul> <hr /> <div style="font-weight: bold;line-height:normal;">Third and fourth terms</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/February_1974_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="February 1974 United Kingdom general election">February 1974 general election</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Wilson_ministry">Cabinet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1973%E2%80%931975_recession" title="1973–1975 recession">1973–1975 recession</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_1974_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="October 1974 United Kingdom general election">October 1974 general election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1976_sterling_crisis" title="1976 sterling crisis">1976 sterling crisis</a></li></ul> <hr /> <p><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%28HM_Government%29_%28St_Edwards_Crown%29.svg/50px-Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%28HM_Government%29_%28St_Edwards_Crown%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="41" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%28HM_Government%29_%28St_Edwards_Crown%29.svg/75px-Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%28HM_Government%29_%28St_Edwards_Crown%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%28HM_Government%29_%28St_Edwards_Crown%29.svg/100px-Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%28HM_Government%29_%28St_Edwards_Crown%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1530" data-file-height="1256" /></span></span> </p> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Arms_of_Harold_Wilson.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Arms_of_Harold_Wilson.svg/30px-Arms_of_Harold_Wilson.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="36" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Arms_of_Harold_Wilson.svg/45px-Arms_of_Harold_Wilson.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Arms_of_Harold_Wilson.svg/60px-Arms_of_Harold_Wilson.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="617" /></a></span></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output 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nomobile nowraplinks sidebar-person vcard hlist" style="border-color: darkgrey"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><table><tbody><tr> <td class="sidebar-person-title-image" style="background-color:#E4003B;color:inherit;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:James_Callaghan_(1975).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/James_Callaghan_%281975%29.jpg/75px-James_Callaghan_%281975%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="102" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/James_Callaghan_%281975%29.jpg/113px-James_Callaghan_%281975%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/James_Callaghan_%281975%29.jpg/150px-James_Callaghan_%281975%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="850" data-file-height="1155" /></a></span></td> <td class="sidebar-person-title" style="background-color:#E4003B;color: #FFF;"><div><span class="tmp-color" style="color: #FFF">This article is part of <br />a series about</span></div><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/James_Callaghan" title="James Callaghan"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: #FFF; text-decoration: inherit;">James Callaghan</span></a></span></span></td> </tr></tbody></table></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Labour Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cardiff_South_East_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Cardiff South East (UK Parliament constituency)">MP for Cardiff South East</a></li></ul> <hr /> <div style="font-weight: bold;line-height:normal;">Wilson's Cabinet</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Decimal_Day#Background" title="Decimal Day">Decimalisation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Race_Relations_Act_1968" title="Race Relations Act 1968">Race Relations Act 1968</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1975_United_Kingdom_European_Communities_membership_referendum" title="1975 United Kingdom European Communities membership referendum">1975 EEC Referendum</a></li></ul> <hr /> <div style="font-weight: bold;line-height:normal;">Prime Minister of the United Kingdom</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1976_Labour_Party_leadership_election" title="1976 Labour Party leadership election">1976 leadership election</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Callaghan_ministry">Cabinet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lib%E2%80%93Lab_pact" title="Lib–Lab pact">Lib–Lab pact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winter_of_Discontent" title="Winter of Discontent">Winter of Discontent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1979_Scottish_devolution_referendum" title="1979 Scottish devolution referendum">1979 Scottish devolution referendum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1979_Welsh_devolution_referendum" title="1979 Welsh devolution referendum">1979 Welsh devolution referendum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1979_vote_of_no_confidence_in_the_Callaghan_ministry" title="1979 vote of no confidence in the Callaghan ministry">Vote of no confidence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_1979_United_Kingdom_budget" title="April 1979 United Kingdom budget">1979 budget</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1979_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1979 United Kingdom general election">1979 general election</a></li></ul> <hr /> <p><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%28HM_Government%29_%28St_Edwards_Crown%29.svg/50px-Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%28HM_Government%29_%28St_Edwards_Crown%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="41" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%28HM_Government%29_%28St_Edwards_Crown%29.svg/75px-Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%28HM_Government%29_%28St_Edwards_Crown%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%28HM_Government%29_%28St_Edwards_Crown%29.svg/100px-Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%28HM_Government%29_%28St_Edwards_Crown%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1530" data-file-height="1256" /></span></span> </p> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/List_of_coats_of_arms_of_Prime_Ministers_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="List of coats of arms of Prime Ministers of the United Kingdom"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Arms_of_James_Callaghan.svg/30px-Arms_of_James_Callaghan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="36" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Arms_of_James_Callaghan.svg/45px-Arms_of_James_Callaghan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Arms_of_James_Callaghan.svg/60px-Arms_of_James_Callaghan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="617" /></a></span></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:James_Callaghan_sidebar" title="Template:James Callaghan sidebar"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:James_Callaghan_sidebar" title="Template talk:James Callaghan sidebar"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:James_Callaghan_sidebar" title="Special:EditPage/Template:James Callaghan sidebar"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Formation">Formation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Labour_government,_1974%E2%80%931979&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Formation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Labour_government,_1974%E2%80%931979" title="Special:EditPage/Labour government, 1974–1979">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">October 2019</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Following the <a href="/wiki/February_1974_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="February 1974 United Kingdom general election">February 1974 general election</a>, no party had a majority of seats. The incumbent <a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative Party</a> won the popular vote, but Labour took a plurality of seats. <a href="/wiki/Edward_Heath" title="Edward Heath">Edward Heath</a>, the Conservative Prime Minister, attempted to negotiate a coalition agreement with the <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(UK)" title="Liberal Party (UK)">Liberal Party</a>, but resigned as prime minister after failing to do so. The <a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Labour Party</a>, led by <a href="/wiki/Harold_Wilson" title="Harold Wilson">Harold Wilson</a>, then established a <a href="/wiki/Minority_government" title="Minority government">minority government</a>, which took office on 4 March 1974. </p><p>It was recognised that this had no long-term stability, and that another general election was likely within a few months. On 20 September Wilson called <a href="/wiki/October_1974_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="October 1974 United Kingdom general election">another snap election for 10 October</a>, which resulted in a narrow victory for the Labour Party with a slim majority of three seats. </p><p>The economy <a href="/wiki/1973%E2%80%931975_recession" title="1973–1975 recession">was in recession</a> by the time of the February 1974 election, but economic growth was re-established by 1976—although inflation, which had run into double digits before Labour came to power, was now above 20%. It would remain high for the rest of this ministry, rarely falling below 10%. Unemployment was now well in excess of 1,000,000 people, whereas it had been less than 600,000 at the start of the decade. This was the result of the economic decline, as well as advancing engineering techniques which required fewer personnel, along with other factors including the closure of unprofitable factories and coalmines. </p><p>In March 1976, having just turned sixty years old, Wilson resigned as prime minister, ending his leadership of the Labour Party after thirteen years, and a total of nearly eight years as prime minister. He was replaced by <a href="/wiki/James_Callaghan" title="James Callaghan">James Callaghan</a>, who had held senior government positions during both of Wilson's ministries, and had served as a Shadow Cabinet member in the early 1960s. </p><p>In 1976, Britain faced financial crisis. The Labour government was <a href="/wiki/1976_sterling_crisis" title="1976 sterling crisis">forced to apply to the International Monetary Fund (IMF)</a> for a loan of nearly $4 billion. IMF negotiators insisted on deep cuts in public expenditure, greatly affecting economic and social policy. </p><p>Within a year of Callaghan taking office, the narrow Labour majority was eliminated due to by-election defeats, prompting a vote of confidence which prevented the government's collapse and a general election from being called. In order to sustain the government, Labour formed the <a href="/wiki/Lib%E2%80%93Lab_pact" title="Lib–Lab pact">Lib–Lab pact</a> in March 1977 and this remained in force for sixteen months. This minority government also managed to stay in power with unofficial deals with the <a href="/wiki/Ulster_Unionist_Party" title="Ulster Unionist Party">Ulster Unionist Party</a> and <a href="/wiki/Scottish_National_Party" title="Scottish National Party">Scottish National Party</a>. </p><p>By September 1978, economic growth was firmly re-established and inflation was below 10%, although unemployment now stood at a post-war high of 1.5 million. With most of the opinion polls showing a clear Labour lead, it was widely expected that Callaghan would call a general election that autumn, despite having another year to do so, in order to gain a majority and give his government the chance of surviving in office until 1983. </p><p>However, he resisted these calls and Britain began 1979 with Labour still in power and Callaghan still in charge, but his failure to call a general election during the autumn of 1978 would prove to be the end of this Labour government. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Major_contributions">Major contributions</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Labour_government,_1974%E2%80%931979&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Major contributions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Cleanup_press_release plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/40px-Ambox_important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/60px-Ambox_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/80px-Ambox_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>reads like <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:What_Wikipedia_is_not#PROMO" title="Wikipedia:What Wikipedia is not">a press release</a> or <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:What_Wikipedia_is_not#NEWS" title="Wikipedia:What Wikipedia is not">a news article</a></b> and may be <b>largely based on <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Notability_(events)#Routine_coverage" title="Wikipedia:Notability (events)">routine coverage</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Labour_government,_1974%E2%80%931979&action=edit">improve this article</a> and add <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Independent_sources" title="Wikipedia:Independent sources">independent sources</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">April 2024</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Example_farm plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/40px-Ambox_important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/60px-Ambox_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/80px-Ambox_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>may contain <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Lists#List_size" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Lists">excessive</a> or <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_view#Due_and_undue_weight" title="Wikipedia:Neutral point of view">irrelevant</a> examples</b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Labour_government,_1974%E2%80%931979&action=edit">improve the article</a> by adding descriptive text and removing <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Example_cruft" title="Wikipedia:Example cruft">less pertinent examples</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">April 2024</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Although the 1974–1979 Labour Government faced a number of economic difficulties, it was nevertheless able to carry out a broad range of reforms during its time in office. During Harold Wilson's final premiership, from 1974 to 1976, a number of changes were carried out such as the introduction of new social security benefits and improvements in the rights of tenants. In March 1974, an additional £2 billion was announced for benefits, food subsidies, and housing subsidies, including a record 25% increase in the state pension. Council house rents were also frozen. Council house building continued on a substantial scale, although there was now a greater emphasis on modernising older properties rather than replacing them with new ones. </p><p>That year, national insurance benefits were increased by 13%, which brought pensions as a proportion of average earnings "up to a value equivalent to the previous high, which was reached in 1965 as a result of Labour legislation." In order to maintain the real value of these benefits in the long term, the government introduced legislation which linked future increases in pensions to higher incomes or wages.<sup id="cite_ref-Taxation_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Taxation-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1974–1975, social spending was increased in real terms by 9%. In 1974, pensions were increased in real terms by 14%, while in early 1975 increases were made in family allowances. There were also significant increases in rate and rent subsidies, together with £500 million worth of food subsidies.<sup id="cite_ref-socialists1_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-socialists1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>An independent Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service (now simply called <a href="/wiki/Acas" title="Acas">Acas</a>) (regarded as the brainchild of the trade union leader <a href="/wiki/Jack_Jones_(trade_unionist)" title="Jack Jones (trade unionist)">Jack Jones</a>) was established, which according to Robert Taylor continues to provide "an impartial and impressive function in resolving disputes and encouraging good industrial relations practice." A <a href="/wiki/Manpower_Services_Commission" title="Manpower Services Commission">Manpower Services Commission</a> was set up to encourage a more active labour market policy to improve job placements and deal with unemployment. The <a href="/wiki/Pay_Board" class="mw-redirect" title="Pay Board">Pay Board</a> was abolished, while the <a href="/wiki/Price_Commission" title="Price Commission">Price Commission</a> was provided with greater powers to control and delay price increases. In addition, the <a href="/wiki/Rehabilitation_of_Offenders_Act_1974" title="Rehabilitation of Offenders Act 1974">Rehabilitation of Offenders Act 1974</a> prohibited employers from discriminating against ex-offenders where offences were minor and committed a long time ago, and the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Housing_Rents_and_Subsidies_Act_1975&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Housing Rents and Subsidies Act 1975 (page does not exist)">Housing Rents and Subsidies Act 1975</a> gave power over rents back to local authorities.<sup id="cite_ref-SeldonHickson_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SeldonHickson-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>To help those with disabilities, the government introduced an <a href="/wiki/Invalid_Care_Allowance" class="mw-redirect" title="Invalid Care Allowance">Invalid Care Allowance</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Mobility_Allowance" class="mw-redirect" title="Mobility Allowance">Mobility Allowance</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Non-Contributory_Invalidity_Pension" class="mw-redirect" title="Non-Contributory Invalidity Pension">Non-Contributory Invalidity Pension</a> for those unable to contribute through national insurance, and other measures. To combat <a href="/wiki/Child_poverty" title="Child poverty">child poverty</a>, legislation to create a universal <a href="/wiki/Child_Benefit" class="mw-redirect" title="Child Benefit">Child Benefit</a> was passed in 1975 (a reform later implemented by the Callaghan government). To raise the living standards of those dependent on national insurance benefits, the government index-linked short-term benefits to the rate of inflation, while pensions and long-term benefits were tied to increases in prices or earnings, whichever was higher.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1975, a <a href="/wiki/State_Earnings_Related_Pension_Scheme" class="mw-redirect" title="State Earnings Related Pension Scheme">State Earnings Related Pension Scheme</a> (SERPS) was introduced. A new pension, which was inflation-proofed and linked to earnings, was added to the basic pension which was to increase in line with earnings for the first time ever. This reform assisted women by linking pensions to the 'twenty best years' of earnings, and those who worked at home caring for children or others were counted as contributors. This scheme was reformed by the subsequent Thatcher ministry. The <a href="/wiki/Sex_Discrimination_Act_1975" title="Sex Discrimination Act 1975">Sex Discrimination Act 1975</a> gave women the right in principle to equal access to jobs and equal treatment at work with men, while the <a href="/wiki/Employment_Protection_Act_1975" title="Employment Protection Act 1975">Employment Protection Act 1975</a> introduced <a href="/w/index.php?title=Statutory_Maternity_Leave&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Statutory Maternity Leave (page does not exist)">Statutory Maternity Leave</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceC_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceC-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> That same year, the wage stop was finally abolished.<sup id="cite_ref-Ref-1_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ref-1-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition, differentials between skilled and unskilled workers were narrowed as a result of egalitarian pay policies involving flat-rate increases. </p><p>The <a href="/w/index.php?title=Social_Security_Pensions_Act_1975&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Social Security Pensions Act 1975 (page does not exist)">Social Security Pensions Act 1975</a> provided for equal access by men and women to employers' pension schemes and also included a home responsibilities provision ensuring that parents and those looking after elderly dependents could retain their pension rights in spite of employment breaks. As a means of combating sex discrimination within the social security system, the Act provided that in future married women would receive the same level of personal sickness or unemployment benefit.<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/w/index.php?title=Housing_Finance_Act_1974&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Housing Finance Act 1974 (page does not exist)">Housing Finance Act 1974</a> increased aid to local authorities for <a href="/wiki/Slum_clearance_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Slum clearance in the United Kingdom">slum clearance</a>, introduced a system of "fair rents" in public and private sector unfurnished accommodation, and introduced rent rebates for council tenants. The <a href="/w/index.php?title=Housing_Act_1974&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Housing Act 1974 (page does not exist)">Housing Act 1974</a> improved the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Renovation_Grants&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Renovation Grants (page does not exist)">Renovation Grants</a> scheme, provided increased levels of aid to <a href="/wiki/Housing_associations" class="mw-redirect" title="Housing associations">housing associations</a> (which emerged as a popular alternative to council housing for people seeking to rent a home), and extended the role of the Housing Corporation. The <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rent_Act_1974&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rent Act 1974 (page does not exist)">Rent Act 1974</a> extended security of tenure to tenants of furnished properties, and allowed access to rent tribunals. The <a href="/w/index.php?title=Community_Land_Act_1975&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Community Land Act 1975 (page does not exist)">Community Land Act 1975</a> allowed for the taking into public control of development land, while the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Child_Benefits_Act_1975&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Child Benefits Act 1975 (page does not exist)">Child Benefits Act 1975</a> introduced an extra payment for single parents.<sup id="cite_ref-Longman_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Longman-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A <a href="/wiki/Resource_Allocation_Working_Party" title="Resource Allocation Working Party">Resource Allocation Working Party</a> was also set up to produce a formula for a more equitable distribution of healthcare expenditure.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Anthony_Crosland" title="Anthony Crosland">Anthony Crosland</a>, while serving as a minister during Wilson's second ministry, made a decision to reform the level of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rate_Support_Grant&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rate Support Grant (page does not exist)">Rate Support Grant</a>, introducing a standard level of relief across the country to benefit poorer urban areas.<sup id="cite_ref-SeldonHickson_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SeldonHickson-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Damages (Scotland) Act of 1976 “amended the law relating to damages in respect of personal injuries and of death caused by such injuries, and abolished the action of indemnification.” The Education Act of 1976 also repealed part of the Education (Milk) Act 1971 “whereby local authorities were to charge for school milk.”<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Bail Act of 1976 “created a presumption in favour of the grant of bail in criminal proceedings, required courts to give reasons when refusing bail, replaced the system of personal recognisances for defendants by a new offence of absconding while on bail, required that a person who is remanded in custody more than once should have the opportunity of obtaining legal aid, and effected certain improvements to the surety system.” The Fair Employment (Northern Ireland) Act of 1976 barred discrimination in employment in Northern Ireland on the grounds of religion and politics, and also established the Fair Employment Agency for Northern Ireland to promote equal job opportunity. </p><p>The Supplementary Benefit (Amendment) Act of 1976 amended the amount of earnings and other income of the parent in a one-parent family to be disregarded in calculating resources for comparison with requirements, and also amended certain social security and other allowances for children.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In August 1977 a new rule was made (Statutory Instrument No 1037/1977 dated the 18th of June 1977) “under Section 23 of the Children and Young Persons Act 1969, restricting the circumstances in which a court may remand a person aged under 17 to a Prison Department establishment in England and Wales.”<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Industrial Common Ownership Act of 1976 gave the Secretary of State the power to “give up to £30,000 in grants and up to £250,000 in loans to common ownership enterprises, that is those bodies without share-capital and controlled by a majority of their workers.” The Rent (Agriculture) Act of 1976 gave security of tenure to certain agricultural workers, ex-workers and their successors living in housing provided by farmers, and also laid duty on housing authorities to rehouse occupiers of ‘tied cottages’ when dwellings are needed to house incoming workers.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Legal Aid Act of 1974 raised the upper disposable income limit for eligibility for civil legal aid.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In June 1975, the government issued the first series of National Savings Retirement Certificates.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Prevention from Eviction Act 1977 “made it an offence unlawfully to evict (or to attempt to do so) any resident occupant, or to enforce the right to repossession other than through the courts. It laid down restrictions on the validity of notices to quit.” The Rent Act 1977, which applied to England and Wales, “laid down the means of fixing rents for controlled or regulated tenancies, and also for tenancies of housing associations or housing trusts.”<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In October 1974, “Intermediate Treatment” (which included recreational, educational, or cultural activities to which children and young persons are directed in a Supervision Order) became available to juvenile courts in all areas of England and Wales. That same month, the “10 Christmas bonus “was extended to include widows, the chronically sick, and the disabled, where these people were already receiving social security benefits.”<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In February 1975 the Supplementary Benefits Commission “introduced certain changes in the payment of rents in line with the recommendations of the Finer Report on One-Parent Families.”<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Circular 4/74 (1974) renewed pressure for moves towards comprehensive education (progress of which had stalled under the Heath ministry), while the industrial relations legislation passed under <a href="/wiki/Edward_Heath" title="Edward Heath">Edward Heath</a> was repealed. The <a href="/wiki/Health_and_Safety_at_Work_Act_1974" class="mw-redirect" title="Health and Safety at Work Act 1974">Health and Safety at Work Act 1974</a> set up a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Health_and_Safety_Commission_and_Executive&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Health and Safety Commission and Executive (page does not exist)">Health and Safety Commission and Executive</a> and a legal framework for health and safety at work. The <a href="/wiki/Employment_Protection_Act_1975" title="Employment Protection Act 1975">Employment Protection Act 1975</a> set up the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Services (ACAS) to arbitrate in industrial disputes, enlarged the rights of employees and trade unions, extended the redundancy payments scheme, and provided redress against unfair dismissal. The legislation also provided for paid maternity leave and outlawed dismissal for pregnancy. The Act also obliged employers to pay their workers a minimum guaranteed payment "if they are laid off through no fault of their own."<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/w/index.php?title=Social_Security_Act_1975&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Social Security Act 1975 (page does not exist)">Social Security Act 1975</a> introduced a maternity allowance fund, while the <a href="/wiki/Sex_Discrimination_Act_1975" title="Sex Discrimination Act 1975">Sex Discrimination Act 1975</a> set up an Equal Opportunities Commission and outlawed gender discrimination (both indirect and direct).<sup id="cite_ref-Longman_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Longman-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition, the Social Security Act of 1975 included progressive noise-induced hearing loss "in the list of prescribed diseases covered by the Industrial Injuries Scheme as Occupational Deafness."<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/w/index.php?title=Woodworking_Machines_Regulations_1974&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Woodworking Machines Regulations 1974 (page does not exist)">Woodworking Machines Regulations 1974</a>, replacing the 1922 Regulations, came into operation on in November 1974. These regulations raised the standard of guarding of the most dangerous machines.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Improvements were made to mineworkers' pensions, while the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Coal_Mines_(Respirable_Dust)_Regulations_1975&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Coal Mines (Respirable Dust) Regulations 1975 (page does not exist)">Coal Mines (Respirable Dust) Regulations 1975</a>, which came into operation in October that year, were aimed at reducing the incidence of coal miners's <a href="/wiki/Pneumoconiosis" title="Pneumoconiosis">pneumoconiosis</a>. They prescribed permitted amounts of respirable dust at workplaces in coal mines as well as arrangements for the suppression and continuous sampling of dust, and they include a scheme for the medical supervision of workers at risk. The <a href="/w/index.php?title=Protection_of_Eyes_Regulations_1974&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Protection of Eyes Regulations 1974 (page does not exist)">Protection of Eyes Regulations 1974</a> and 1975, replacing the 1938 Regulations, extended protection to those employed on construction sites as well as in factories.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition, the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Policyholders_Protection_Act_1975&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Policyholders Protection Act 1975 (page does not exist)">Policyholders Protection Act 1975</a> introduced safeguards for customers of failed insurance companies.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Wilson's successor Callaghan, together with his ministers, also introduced a number of reforms during their time in office. The <a href="/w/index.php?title=Supplementary_Benefits_Act_1976&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Supplementary Benefits Act 1976 (page does not exist)">Supplementary Benefits Act 1976</a> gave every person over the age of sixteen, whose resources were not enough to meet his or her basic needs, the right to claim a supplementary pension if he or she had reached state pension age, and a supplementary allowance if he or she was less than this age.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rent_(Agricultural)_Act_1976&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rent (Agricultural) Act 1976 (page does not exist)">Rent (Agricultural) Act 1976</a> provided security of tenure for agricultural workers in tied accommodation, while the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bail_Act_1976&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bail Act 1976 (page does not exist)">Bail Act 1976</a> reformed bail conditions with courts having to explain refusal of bail. The <a href="/w/index.php?title=Police_Act_1976&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Police Act 1976 (page does not exist)">Police Act 1976</a> set up a <a href="/wiki/Police_Complaints_Board" title="Police Complaints Board">Police Complaints Board</a> "to formalise the procedure for dealing with public complaints". The <a href="/w/index.php?title=Education_Act_1976&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Education Act 1976 (page does not exist)">Education Act 1976</a> limited the taking up of independent and <a href="/wiki/Direct_grant_school" class="mw-redirect" title="Direct grant school">direct grant school</a> places and required all local authorities who had failed to do so "to submit proposals for comprehensive schools", while the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Housing_(Homeless_Persons)_Act_1977&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Housing (Homeless Persons) Act 1977 (page does not exist)">Housing (Homeless Persons) Act 1977</a> extended local council responsibility "to provide accommodation for homeless people in their area,"<sup id="cite_ref-Longman_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Longman-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and instituted the right of homeless families to a permanent local council tenancy.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition, efforts were made under the Environment Secretary <a href="/wiki/Peter_Shore" title="Peter Shore">Peter Shore</a> to redistribute resources toward deprived urban areas.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/w/index.php?title=Inner_Urban_Areas_Act_1978&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Inner Urban Areas Act 1978 (page does not exist)">Inner Urban Areas Act 1978</a> allowed local authorities to assist declining industrial areas and central government provided new subsidies to those inner city areas with the most problems,<sup id="cite_ref-SeldonHickson_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SeldonHickson-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while the 1978 Finance Act introduced profit-sharing schemes.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In April 1976, a Child Interim Benefit for single-parent families was introduced,<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> followed by a universal Child Benefit scheme the following year.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On the 3rd of April 1979 the number of hours that lone parents had to work to qualify for Family Income Supplement was reduced from 30 to 24 per week.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Callaghan Government also introduced a range of measures aimed at moderating pressures for wage rises and to create a favourable climate "for an orderly restoration of collective bargaining". These included the granting of family income supplements to bring the incomes of lower-paid workers up to the level of social security benefits, the lowering of marginal tax rates on smaller incomes by rises in personal allowances, and increases in children's allowances (which were payable to the mother). However, child tax allowances were lowered, which had the effect of reducing the take-home pay of fathers. The impact of consumer price rises was also mitigated by higher income limits for free school meals, an increased milk subsidy, and a substantial reduction in the duty on petrol. In addition, electricity prices were lowered for families in receipt of supplementary benefits.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The government came under fire from the British public in November 1977, when the <a href="/wiki/Fire_Brigades_Union" title="Fire Brigades Union">Fire Brigades Union</a> called its first national strike, in response to the government's refusal to grant firefighters a 30% pay rise. The strike lasted until after Christmas, and for its duration, Britain's fire services were operated by hastily trained <a href="/wiki/British_Army" title="British Army">army troops</a>, whose <a href="/wiki/Green_Goddess" title="Green Goddess">Green Goddess</a> vehicles dated from the 1950s and were considerably slower than the fire engines of the 1970s, and the troops lacked the breathing equipment available to fire brigades.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Well over 100 people died in fires during the strike, with the worst tragedy occurring in <a href="/wiki/Wednesbury" title="Wednesbury">Wednesbury</a>, where four children died in a house fire.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/w/index.php?title=Training_Opportunities_Scheme&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Training Opportunities Scheme (page does not exist)">Training Opportunities Scheme</a>, under which more than 90,000 people completed their training in 1976 and which catered mainly for people over 19 years old, was extended during 1977 to include provisions for training persons for self-employment. In addition, technician training was extended and the network of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Skillcentre&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Skillcentre (page does not exist)">skillcentres</a> continued to expand. In August 1977, a scheme for voluntary early retirement was introduced in the coal industry for men aged 62+ with at least twenty years of underground service, with weekly payments up to normal pensionable age. In January 1977, unions became authorized to lodge a claim on behalf of workers with the <a href="/wiki/Advisory,_Conciliation_and_Arbitration_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service">Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service</a> for an improvement in terms and conditions of employment on the grounds that existing terms and conditions were less favourable than the relevant recognized terms and conditions for the trade in the area or, where these did not exist, the general level. In February, sections of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Employment_Act_1975&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Employment Act 1975 (page does not exist)">Employment Act 1975</a> were brought into operation dealing with the qualifying hours for part-time work, thereby entitling large numbers of part-time workers to the same rights and <a href="/wiki/Job_security" title="Job security">job security</a> as full-time workers. Also in February, employees became entitled to receive guarantee payments from their employers when laid off or on short time, while in April sections of the 1975 Employment Act were activated giving employees the right to paid time off work in order to perform certain public duties. The main provisions of the <a href="/wiki/Race_Relations_Act_1976" title="Race Relations Act 1976">Race Relations Act 1976</a> came into force in June 1977, making it unlawful for an employer to discriminate in recruitment or dismissal or in the treatment of existing employees in matters of promotion, transfer, training or other benefits on the grounds of nationality, race, colour, colour, or ethnic or national origins. A <a href="/wiki/Commission_for_Racial_Equality" title="Commission for Racial Equality">Commission for Racial Equality</a> was established to work towards the elimination of discrimination the promotion of equality of opportunity, and good relations between persons of different racial groups.<sup id="cite_ref-Social_Situation_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Social_Situation-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In Scotland, the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Community_Service_by_Offenders_Act_1978&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Community Service by Offenders Act 1978 (page does not exist)">Community Service by Offenders Act 1978</a> introduced provisions whereby offenders might, under certain circumstances, be ordered by courts to undertake community work as an alternative to a prison sentence. This legislation brought Scotland in line with England and Wales where similar provisions already apply. The <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mines_(Precautions_Against_Inrushes)_Regulations_1979&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mines (Precautions Against Inrushes) Regulations 1979 (page does not exist)">Mines (Precautions Against Inrushes) Regulations 1979</a> applied to all types of mines and made provision for measures to be taken against the hazard of inrushes of water or gas or material which flows when wet.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In housing policy, a shift of emphasis in housing policy towards rehabilitation was evident in the further increase in the number of <a href="/w/index.php?title=General_Improvement_Area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="General Improvement Area (page does not exist)">General Improvement Areas</a> and the number of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Housing_Action_Area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Housing Action Area (page does not exist)">Housing Action Areas</a> declared. An Act of March 1977 makes provision, for a limited period, for benefits to be paid from the age of 64 to workers who agree to retire in order to free jobs for young unemployed people, in response to the rise of youth unemployment. A number of other improvements were introduced in 1977, with <a href="/wiki/Attendance_Allowance" title="Attendance Allowance">Attendance Allowances</a> extended to cover disabled foster children and non-contributory disablement pensions extended to married women whose invalidity prevented them from carrying out their household tasks. In January 1977, regulations were issued which brought about a change in the administration of legislation governing fire precautions at places of work. Under these regulations the <a href="/wiki/Health_and_Safety_Executive" title="Health and Safety Executive">Health and Safety Executive</a> retained full responsibility for fire safety in certain 'special' premises such as nuclear installations, coalmines and chemical plants, whereas responsibility for general fire precautions at places of work was transferred to local fire authorities.<sup id="cite_ref-Social_Situation_35-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Social_Situation-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A number of new services and benefits for disabled people were also introduced. A <a href="/wiki/Non-Contributory_Invalidity_Pension" class="mw-redirect" title="Non-Contributory Invalidity Pension">Non-Contributory Invalidity Pension</a> in lieu of ‘pocket money’ allowance for long-stay patients in mental hospitals was introduced. The therapeutic earnings limit for recipients of Invalidity Pension, Non-Contributory Invalidity Pension and Unemployability Supplement was raised while the Private Car Maintenance Allowance for War Pensioners was increased. From the 29th of August 1977, Attendance Allowance became payable to foster parents of disabled children, and was also extended to kidney patients dialysing at home. Industrial injury provisions for occupational deafness were introduced, and viral hepatitis and Vinyl Chloride Monomer induced diseases were prescribed as industrial diseases. Easing of conditions for entitlement to industrial death benefit in certain cases of death from pulmonary disease was carried out. £12.1 million was paid to the Rowntree Trust Family Fund for disabled children, while the terms of reference of the Rowntree Trust Family Fund were extended to include all severely disabled children.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Limited right of appeal on diagnosis of pneumoconiosis was also introduced.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Audiology services were developed, Hearing Therapists were introduced, and the Blind Person’s tax allowance was increased.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Improvements were made to the wheel-chair service, while further parking concessions were made for all ‘Orange Badge’ holders. In addition, the ‘Orange Badge’ scheme was extended to include the blind, and concessions to ‘Orange Badge’ holders at most tolled crossings were introduced. The petrol allowance was also restored and doubled for drivers of government-supplied invalid vehicles. Another measure was the extension of exemption from Road Tax (vehicle excise duty) to Mobility Allowance beneficiaries or their nominees.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Concessionary fares for disabled people were introduced, along with a discretionary allowance of up to £160 to disabled students whose disability led to additional expenses in connection with their studies. Improved provision for the needs of disabled people in educational establishments was carried out, and a scheme of grants was made to employers “towards the cost of adaptations to premises or equipment made to enable disabled individuals to obtain, or retain, employment.” The 4th of July 1977 saw the inception of an experimental Job Introduction Scheme “to provide financial assistance enabling certain disabled people to undertake a trial period of employment with an employer, where there is reasonable doubt as to the person’s ability to perform a particular job.” On the 5th of July 1978 a revised and simplified scheme designed to help severely disabled people with their travel-to-work costs was introduced. Increased allowances were paid to people going on employment rehabilitation courses, while under the MSC Special Programme for young people additional opportunities were provided at Employment Rehabilitation Centres for disabled young people.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A Release for Training (RFT) scheme was introduced for disabled people already in employment “but experiencing problems which can only be resolved by a period of intensive training.”<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> District Handicap Teams were set up, the War Pensioners’ visiting scheme was extended, and zero rating of VAT was introduced “on aids and appliances for disabled people and also on medical equipment for donation to a hospital for the purpose of treatment or research.” New arrangements were introduced for dental treatment of disabled patients, and special concessionary TV license arrangements were extended for people in old people’s homes.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Safety Representatives and Committees Regulations of 1977 made provision for recognised trade unions to appoint health and safety representatives "and gave such representatives rights to representation and consultation on health and safety as well as rights to access to training and facilities to support them in undertaking these tasks."<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/w/index.php?title=Homes_Insulation_Act_1978&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Homes Insulation Act 1978 (page does not exist)">Homes Insulation Act 1978</a> provided for grants to occupiers towards the cost of thermal insulation of their dwellings, while under the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Safety_Representatives_and_Safety_Committees_Regulations&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Safety Representatives and Safety Committees Regulations (page does not exist)">Safety Representatives and Safety Committees Regulations</a> recognized trade unions were allowed to appoint safety representatives who would have certain rights and functions. As part of an extension in external consultation on the prevention of industrial accidents and occupationally induced diseases the Health and Safety Commission established three Industry Advisory Committees for construction, railways and oil and regulations were issued in March 1978 dealing with the packaging and labelling of some 800 dangerous chemicals commonly used at work and in the home. Improvements to the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mineworkers_Sick_Pay_Scheme&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mineworkers Sick Pay Scheme (page does not exist)">Mineworkers Sick Pay Scheme</a> were also introduced from 1978, with improvement in the formula for calculating benefit improved and the period of 'waiting days' reduced from seven to three.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/w/index.php?title=Home_Purchase_Assistance_and_Housing_Corporation_Guarantee_Act_1978&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Home Purchase Assistance and Housing Corporation Guarantee Act 1978 (page does not exist)">Home Purchase Assistance and Housing Corporation Guarantee Act 1978</a> gave help to first-time home buyers.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Consumer Safety Act 1978 protected consumers from purchasing potentially harmful goods,<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while the 1979 Credit Unions Act, the last piece of legislation passed by the Labour government,<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> set up a legal structure for credit unions.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fate">Fate</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Labour_government,_1974%E2%80%931979&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Fate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/James_Callaghan#Historiography" title="James Callaghan">James Callaghan § Historiography</a></div> <p>The union strikes affected Britain during the <a href="/wiki/Winter_of_Discontent" title="Winter of Discontent">Winter of Discontent</a> (1978–1979) as public services ground to a halt. Furthermore, inflation was back in double digits. The House of Commons passed a <a href="/wiki/1979_vote_of_no_confidence_in_the_Callaghan_ministry" title="1979 vote of no confidence in the Callaghan ministry">vote of no confidence in late March 1979</a>, by one vote. That vote necessitated a general election, which the Conservatives won decisively even though polls showed Callaghan was personally more popular with the voters than Conservative leader <a href="/wiki/Margaret_Thatcher" title="Margaret Thatcher">Margaret Thatcher</a>. The problem was that many Labour voters swung away from Labour.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Callaghan continued to lead Labour in opposition for eighteen months; his friendliest biographers take a negative view of the period. He stepped down to make way for <a href="/wiki/Michael_Foot" title="Michael Foot">Michael Foot</a>, the leader of the leftist faction. Callaghan remained in parliament as an MP until 1987, having served in parliament for 42 years. </p><p>Historians <a href="/wiki/Alan_Sked" title="Alan Sked">Alan Sked</a> and Chris Cook have summarized the views of some historians regarding Labour in power in 1974–1979:<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <blockquote><p>If Wilson's record as Prime Minister was soon felt to have been one of failure, that sense of failure was powerfully reinforced by Callaghan's term as premier. Labour, it seemed, was incapable of positive achievements. It was unable to control inflation, unable to control the unions, unable to solve the Irish problem, unable to solve the Rhodesian question, unable to secure its proposals for Welsh and Scottish devolution, unable to reach a popular <i>modus vivendi</i> with the Common Market, unable even to maintain itself in power until it could go to the country and the date of its own choosing. It was little wonder, therefore, that Mrs. Thatcher resoundingly defeated it in 1979.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>However, <a href="/wiki/Alan_Bailey" title="Alan Bailey">Alan Bailey</a> in his 2013 article for the IPPR Progressive Policy Think Tank entitled: "Not all 'the bad old days': Revisiting Labour's 1970s industrial strategy" gives an alternative reading. </p> <blockquote><p> The 'industrial strategy' of the 1974-79 Labour government has had a bad press. It is remembered, if at all, as a failed combination of left-wing Bennite extremism (planning agreements) and 'picking winners' (British Leyland). However, this caricature is unfair and misleading, and there are still lessons to be learned.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cabinets">Cabinets</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Labour_government,_1974%E2%80%931979&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Cabinets"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Wilson_ministry">Wilson ministry</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Labour_government,_1974%E2%80%931979&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Wilson ministry"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox" style="width:auto; max-width:30em"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color: #ededed;"><div class="fn org">Wilson ministries</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="font-weight:bold;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_(HM_Government)_(St_Edwards_Crown).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%28HM_Government%29_%28St_Edwards_Crown%29.svg/50px-Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%28HM_Government%29_%28St_Edwards_Crown%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="41" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%28HM_Government%29_%28St_Edwards_Crown%29.svg/75px-Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%28HM_Government%29_%28St_Edwards_Crown%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%28HM_Government%29_%28St_Edwards_Crown%29.svg/100px-Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%28HM_Government%29_%28St_Edwards_Crown%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1530" data-file-height="1256" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Cabinet of the United Kingdom">Cabinet of the United Kingdom</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="background-color: #efefef; font-weight:bold;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/February_1974_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="February 1974 United Kingdom general election">March</a> – <a href="/wiki/October_1974_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="October 1974 United Kingdom general election">October 1974</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/October_1974_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="October 1974 United Kingdom general election">1974</a>–<a href="/wiki/1976_Labour_Party_leadership_election" title="1976 Labour Party leadership election">1976</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Harold_Wilson_1975.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Harold_Wilson_1975.jpg/134px-Harold_Wilson_1975.jpg" decoding="async" width="134" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Harold_Wilson_1975.jpg/202px-Harold_Wilson_1975.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Harold_Wilson_1975.jpg/269px-Harold_Wilson_1975.jpg 2x" data-file-width="722" data-file-height="1074" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Wilson (1975)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Date formed</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>Third: 4 March 1974<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1974-03-04</span>)</span></li><li>Fourth: 10 October 1974<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1974-10-10</span>)</span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Date dissolved</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>Third: 10 October 1974<span style="display:none"> (<span class="dtend itvend">1974-10-10</span>)</span></li><li>Fourth: 5 April 1976<span style="display:none"> (<span class="dtend itvend">1976-04-05</span>)</span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #efefef">People and organisations</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Monarch</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Queen_Elizabeth_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Queen Elizabeth II">Queen Elizabeth II</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Prime Minister</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Harold_Wilson" title="Harold Wilson">Harold Wilson</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Prime Minister's history</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Harold_Wilson#Prime_minister_(1974–1976)" title="Harold Wilson">1974–1976</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Deputy Prime Minister</th><td class="infobox-data"><sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Member party</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#E4003B; color:white;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Labour Party</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Status in legislature</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Minority_government" title="Minority government">Minority</a> <div style="width: px;"><span class="nowrap">301 / 635 (47%)</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #E4003B; width: 47%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div>(1974)<br /><i>dependent on <a href="/wiki/Lib%E2%80%93Lab_pact" title="Lib–Lab pact">Liberal support</a></i></div></li><li><a href="/wiki/Majority_government" title="Majority government">Majority</a> <div style="width: px;"><span class="nowrap">319 / 635 (50%)</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #E4003B; width: 50%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> (1974–1976)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Opposition cabinet</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Second_Shadow_Cabinet_of_Edward_Heath" title="Second Shadow Cabinet of Edward Heath">Heath Shadow Cabinet</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Shadow_Cabinet_of_Margaret_Thatcher" title="Shadow Cabinet of Margaret Thatcher">Thatcher Shadow Cabinet</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Opposition party</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#0087DC; color:black;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative Party</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Opposition leader</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Heath" title="Edward Heath">Edward Heath</a> (1974–1975)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Thatcher" title="Margaret Thatcher">Margaret Thatcher</a> (1975–1976)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #efefef">History</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Elections</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/February_1974_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="February 1974 United Kingdom general election">February 1974 general election</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/October_1974_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="October 1974 United Kingdom general election">October 1974 general election</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Legislature terms</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_MPs_elected_in_the_February_1974_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="List of MPs elected in the February 1974 United Kingdom general election">46th UK Parliament</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_MPs_elected_in_the_October_1974_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="List of MPs elected in the October 1974 United Kingdom general election">47th UK Parliament</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Predecessor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Heath_ministry" title="Heath ministry">Heath ministry</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Successor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="#Callaghan_ministry">Callaghan ministry</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Office</th> <th>Name</th> <th>Term </th></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Prime Minister of the United Kingdom">Prime Minister</a><br /><a href="/wiki/First_Lord_of_the_Treasury" title="First Lord of the Treasury">First Lord of the Treasury</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Minister_for_the_Civil_Service" title="Minister for the Civil Service">Minister for the Civil Service</a></td> <td align="left"><b><a href="/wiki/Harold_Wilson" title="Harold Wilson">Harold Wilson</a></b></td> <td align="left">1974–1976 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Chancellor_of_the_Exchequer" title="Chancellor of the Exchequer">Chancellor of the Exchequer</a></td> <td align="left"><b><a href="/wiki/Denis_Healey" title="Denis Healey">Denis Healey</a></b></td> <td align="left">1974–1976 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Lord_High_Chancellor_of_Great_Britain" class="mw-redirect" title="Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain">Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain</a></td> <td align="left"><b><a href="/wiki/Elwyn_Jones,_Baron_Elwyn-Jones" title="Elwyn Jones, Baron Elwyn-Jones">The Lord Elwyn-Jones</a></b></td> <td align="left">1974–1976 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_House_of_Commons" title="Leader of the House of Commons">Leader of the House of Commons</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Lord_President_of_the_Council" title="Lord President of the Council">Lord President of the Council</a></td> <td align="left"><b><a href="/wiki/Edward_Short,_Baron_Glenamara" title="Edward Short, Baron Glenamara">Edward Short</a></b></td> <td align="left">1974–1976 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_House_of_Lords" title="Leader of the House of Lords">Leader of the House of Lords</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Lord_Privy_Seal" title="Lord Privy Seal">Lord Keeper of the Privy Seal</a></td> <td align="left"><b><a href="/wiki/Malcolm_Shepherd,_2nd_Baron_Shepherd" title="Malcolm Shepherd, 2nd Baron Shepherd">The Lord Shepherd</a></b></td> <td align="left">1974–1976 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Foreign_Secretary" title="Foreign Secretary">Foreign Secretary</a></td> <td align="left"><b><a href="/wiki/James_Callaghan" title="James Callaghan">James Callaghan</a></b></td> <td align="left">1974–1976 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Home_Secretary" title="Home Secretary">Home Secretary</a></td> <td align="left"><b><a href="/wiki/Roy_Jenkins" title="Roy Jenkins">Roy Jenkins</a></b></td> <td align="left">1974–1976 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Defence" title="Secretary of State for Defence">Secretary of State for Defence</a></td> <td align="left"><b><a href="/wiki/Roy_Mason" title="Roy Mason">Roy Mason</a></b></td> <td align="left">1974–1976 </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Education_and_Science" class="mw-redirect" title="Secretary of State for Education and Science">Secretary of State for Education and Science</a></td> <td align="left"><b><a href="/wiki/Reg_Prentice" title="Reg Prentice">Reg Prentice</a></b></td> <td align="left">1974–1975 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><b><a href="/wiki/Fred_Mulley" title="Fred Mulley">Fred Mulley</a></b></td> <td align="left">1975–1976 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Employment" title="Secretary of State for Employment">Secretary of State for Employment</a></td> <td align="left"><b><a href="/wiki/Michael_Foot" title="Michael Foot">Michael Foot</a></b></td> <td align="left">1974–1976 </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Energy" class="mw-redirect" title="Secretary of State for Energy">Secretary of State for Energy</a></td> <td align="left"><b><a href="/wiki/Eric_Varley" title="Eric Varley">Eric Varley</a></b></td> <td align="left">1974–1975 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><b><a href="/wiki/Tony_Benn" title="Tony Benn">Tony Benn</a></b></td> <td align="left">1975–1976 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_the_Environment" title="Secretary of State for the Environment">Secretary of State for the Environment</a></td> <td align="left"><b><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Crosland" title="Anthony Crosland">Anthony Crosland</a></b></td> <td align="left">1974–1976 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Social_Services" title="Secretary of State for Social Services">Secretary of State for Social Services</a></td> <td align="left"><b><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Castle" title="Barbara Castle">Barbara Castle</a></b></td> <td align="left">1974–1976 </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Industry" class="mw-redirect" title="Secretary of State for Industry">Secretary of State for Industry</a></td> <td align="left"><b><a href="/wiki/Tony_Benn" title="Tony Benn">Tony Benn</a></b></td> <td align="left">1974–1975 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><b><a href="/wiki/Eric_Varley" title="Eric Varley">Eric Varley</a></b></td> <td align="left">1975–1976 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Overseas_Development" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister for Overseas Development">Minister for Overseas Development</a></td> <td align="left"><b><a href="/wiki/Reg_Prentice" title="Reg Prentice">Reg Prentice</a></b></td> <td align="left">1975–1976 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Prices_and_Consumer_Protection" class="mw-redirect" title="Secretary of State for Prices and Consumer Protection">Secretary of State for Prices and Consumer Protection</a></td> <td align="left"><b><a href="/wiki/Shirley_Williams" title="Shirley Williams">Shirley Williams</a></b></td> <td align="left">1974–1976 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Trade" class="mw-redirect" title="Secretary of State for Trade">Secretary of State for Trade</a><br /><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Board_of_Trade" title="President of the Board of Trade">President of the Board of Trade</a></td> <td align="left"><b><a href="/wiki/Peter_Shore" title="Peter Shore">Peter Shore</a></b></td> <td align="left">1974–1976 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Scotland" title="Secretary of State for Scotland">Secretary of State for Scotland</a></td> <td align="left"><b><a href="/wiki/William_Ross,_Baron_Ross_of_Marnock" class="mw-redirect" title="William Ross, Baron Ross of Marnock">William Ross</a></b></td> <td align="left">1974–1976 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Wales" title="Secretary of State for Wales">Secretary of State for Wales</a></td> <td align="left"><b><a href="/wiki/John_Morris,_Baron_Morris_of_Aberavon" title="John Morris, Baron Morris of Aberavon">John Morris</a></b></td> <td align="left">1974–1976 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Northern_Ireland" title="Secretary of State for Northern Ireland">Secretary of State for Northern Ireland</a></td> <td align="left"><b><a href="/wiki/Merlyn_Rees" title="Merlyn Rees">Merlyn Rees</a></b></td> <td align="left">1974–1976 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Chancellor_of_the_Duchy_of_Lancaster" title="Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster">Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster</a></td> <td align="left"><b><a href="/wiki/Harold_Lever" class="mw-redirect" title="Harold Lever">Harold Lever</a></b></td> <td align="left">1974–1976 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_Secretary_to_the_Treasury" title="Parliamentary Secretary to the Treasury">Parliamentary Secretary to the Treasury</a></td> <td align="left"><b><a href="/wiki/Robert_Mellish" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert Mellish">Robert Mellish</a></b></td> <td align="left">1974–1976 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Agriculture,_Fisheries_and_Food" title="Minister of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food">Minister of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food</a></td> <td align="left"><b><a href="/wiki/Fred_Peart" class="mw-redirect" title="Fred Peart">Fred Peart</a></b></td> <td align="left">1974–1976 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_State_for_Housing" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister of State for Housing">Minister for Planning and Local Government</a></td> <td align="left"><b><a href="/wiki/John_Silkin" title="John Silkin">John Silkin</a></b></td> <td align="left">1974–1976 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Callaghan_ministry">Callaghan ministry</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Labour_government,_1974%E2%80%931979&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Callaghan ministry"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Cabinet of James Callaghan" redirects here. Not to be confused with the <a href="/wiki/Shadow_Cabinet_of_James_Callaghan" title="Shadow Cabinet of James Callaghan">Shadow Cabinet of James Callaghan</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox" style="width:auto; max-width:30em"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color: #ededed;"><div class="fn org">Callaghan ministry</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="font-weight:bold;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_(HM_Government)_(St_Edwards_Crown).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%28HM_Government%29_%28St_Edwards_Crown%29.svg/50px-Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%28HM_Government%29_%28St_Edwards_Crown%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="41" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%28HM_Government%29_%28St_Edwards_Crown%29.svg/75px-Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%28HM_Government%29_%28St_Edwards_Crown%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%28HM_Government%29_%28St_Edwards_Crown%29.svg/100px-Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%28HM_Government%29_%28St_Edwards_Crown%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1530" data-file-height="1256" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Cabinet of the United Kingdom">Cabinet of the United Kingdom</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="background-color: #efefef; font-weight:bold;"><a href="/wiki/1976_Labour_Party_leadership_election" title="1976 Labour Party leadership election">1976</a>–<a href="/wiki/1979_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1979 United Kingdom general election">1979</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:James_Callaghan_(1977).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/James_Callaghan_%281977%29.jpg/154px-James_Callaghan_%281977%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="154" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/James_Callaghan_%281977%29.jpg/231px-James_Callaghan_%281977%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/James_Callaghan_%281977%29.jpg/309px-James_Callaghan_%281977%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1089" data-file-height="1411" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Callaghan (1977)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Date formed</th><td class="infobox-data">5 April 1976<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1976-04-05</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Date dissolved</th><td class="infobox-data">4 May 1979<span style="display:none"> (<span class="dtend itvend">1979-05-04</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #efefef">People and organisations</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Monarch</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Queen_Elizabeth_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Queen Elizabeth II">Queen Elizabeth II</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Prime Minister</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/James_Callaghan" title="James Callaghan">James Callaghan</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Prime Minister's history</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/James_Callaghan#Prime_Minister_of_the_United_Kingdom:_1976–1979" title="James Callaghan">1976–1979</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Deputy Prime Minister</th><td class="infobox-data"><sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Member party</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#E4003B; color:white;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Labour Party</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Status in legislature</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Majority_government" title="Majority government">Majority</a> (1976–1977) <div style="width: px;"><span class="nowrap">319 / 635 (50%)</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #E4003B; width: 50%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div></li><li><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Minority_government" title="Minority government">Minority</a> (1977–1979)<div style="width: px;"><span class="nowrap">306 / 635 (48%)</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #E4003B; width: 48%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div><br /><i>with <a href="/wiki/Lib%E2%80%93Lab_pact#1977" title="Lib–Lab pact">Liberal confidence & supply</a></i></div></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Opposition cabinet</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Shadow_Cabinet_of_Margaret_Thatcher" title="Shadow Cabinet of Margaret Thatcher">Thatcher Shadow Cabinet</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Opposition party</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#0087DC; color:black;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative Party</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Opposition leader</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Thatcher" title="Margaret Thatcher">Margaret Thatcher</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #efefef">History</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Outgoing election</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/1979_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1979 United Kingdom general election">1979 general election</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Legislature terms</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_MPs_elected_in_the_October_1974_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="List of MPs elected in the October 1974 United Kingdom general election">47th UK Parliament</a><br /><i>lost a <a href="/wiki/1979_vote_of_no_confidence_in_the_Callaghan_ministry" title="1979 vote of no confidence in the Callaghan ministry">vote of confidence</a></i></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Budgets</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>1977 budget</li><li><a href="/wiki/1978_United_Kingdom_budget" title="1978 United Kingdom budget">1978 budget</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/April_1979_United_Kingdom_budget" title="April 1979 United Kingdom budget">April 1979 budget</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Predecessor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="#Wilson_ministry">Third Wilson ministry</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Successor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/First_Thatcher_ministry" title="First Thatcher ministry">First Thatcher ministry</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Office</th> <th>Name</th> <th>Term </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Prime Minister of the United Kingdom">Prime Minister</a><br /><a href="/wiki/First_Lord_of_the_Treasury" title="First Lord of the Treasury">First Lord of the Treasury</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Minister_for_the_Civil_Service" title="Minister for the Civil Service">Minister for the Civil Service</a></td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/James_Callaghan" title="James Callaghan">James Callaghan</a></b></td> <td>1976–1979 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Chancellor_of_the_Exchequer" title="Chancellor of the Exchequer">Chancellor of the Exchequer</a></td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Denis_Healey" title="Denis Healey">Denis Healey</a></b></td> <td>1976–1979 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Lord_High_Chancellor_of_Great_Britain" class="mw-redirect" title="Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain">Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain</a></td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Elwyn_Jones,_Baron_Elwyn-Jones" title="Elwyn Jones, Baron Elwyn-Jones">The Lord Elwyn-Jones</a></b></td> <td>1976–1979 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_House_of_Commons" title="Leader of the House of Commons">Leader of the House of Commons</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Lord_President_of_the_Council" title="Lord President of the Council">Lord President of the Council</a></td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Michael_Foot" title="Michael Foot">Michael Foot</a></b></td> <td>1976–1979 </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_House_of_Lords" title="Leader of the House of Lords">Leader of the House of Lords</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Lord_Privy_Seal" title="Lord Privy Seal">Lord Keeper of the Privy Seal</a></td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Malcolm_Shepherd,_2nd_Baron_Shepherd" title="Malcolm Shepherd, 2nd Baron Shepherd">The Lord Shepherd</a></b></td> <td>1976 </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Fred_Peart,_Baron_Peart" title="Fred Peart, Baron Peart">The Lord Peart</a></b></td> <td>1976–1979 </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Foreign_Secretary" title="Foreign Secretary">Foreign Secretary</a></td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Crosland" title="Anthony Crosland">Anthony Crosland</a></b></td> <td>1976–1977 </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/David_Owen" title="David Owen">David Owen</a></b></td> <td>1977–1979 </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Home_Secretary" title="Home Secretary">Home Secretary</a></td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Roy_Jenkins" title="Roy Jenkins">Roy Jenkins</a></b></td> <td>1976 </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Merlyn_Rees" title="Merlyn Rees">Merlyn Rees</a></b></td> <td>1976–1979 </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Defence" title="Secretary of State for Defence">Secretary of State for Defence</a></td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Roy_Mason" title="Roy Mason">Roy Mason</a></b></td> <td>1976 </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Fred_Mulley" title="Fred Mulley">Fred Mulley</a></b></td> <td>1976–1979 </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Education_and_Science" class="mw-redirect" title="Secretary of State for Education and Science">Secretary of State for Education and Science</a></td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Fred_Mulley" title="Fred Mulley">Fred Mulley</a></b></td> <td>1976 </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Shirley_Williams" title="Shirley Williams">Shirley Williams</a></b></td> <td>1976–1979 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Employment" title="Secretary of State for Employment">Secretary of State for Employment</a></td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Albert_Booth" title="Albert Booth">Albert Booth</a></b></td> <td>1976–1979 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Energy" class="mw-redirect" title="Secretary of State for Energy">Secretary of State for Energy</a></td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Tony_Benn" title="Tony Benn">Tony Benn</a></b></td> <td>1976–1979 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_the_Environment" title="Secretary of State for the Environment">Secretary of State for the Environment</a></td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Peter_Shore" title="Peter Shore">Peter Shore</a></b></td> <td>1976–1979 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Social_Services" title="Secretary of State for Social Services">Secretary of State for Social Services</a></td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/David_Ennals" class="mw-redirect" title="David Ennals">David Ennals</a></b></td> <td>1976–1979 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Industry" class="mw-redirect" title="Secretary of State for Industry">Secretary of State for Industry</a></td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Eric_Varley" title="Eric Varley">Eric Varley</a></b></td> <td>1976–1979 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Overseas_Development" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister for Overseas Development">Minister for Overseas Development</a></td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Reg_Prentice" title="Reg Prentice">Reg Prentice</a></b></td> <td>1976 </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Prices_and_Consumer_Protection" class="mw-redirect" title="Secretary of State for Prices and Consumer Protection">Secretary of State for Prices and Consumer Protection</a></td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Shirley_Williams" title="Shirley Williams">Shirley Williams</a></b></td> <td>1976 </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Roy_Hattersley" title="Roy Hattersley">Roy Hattersley</a></b></td> <td>1976–1979 </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Trade" class="mw-redirect" title="Secretary of State for Trade">Secretary of State for Trade</a><br /><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Board_of_Trade" title="President of the Board of Trade">President of the Board of Trade</a></td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Edmund_Dell" title="Edmund Dell">Edmund Dell</a></b></td> <td>1976–1978 </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/John_Smith_(Labour_Party_leader)" title="John Smith (Labour Party leader)">John Smith</a></b></td> <td>1978–1979 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Transport" title="Secretary of State for Transport">Secretary of State for Transport</a></td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Bill_Rodgers_(politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bill Rodgers (politician)">Bill Rodgers</a></b></td> <td>1976–1979 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Scotland" title="Secretary of State for Scotland">Secretary of State for Scotland</a></td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Bruce_Millan" title="Bruce Millan">Bruce Millan</a></b></td> <td>1976–1979 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Wales" title="Secretary of State for Wales">Secretary of State for Wales</a></td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/John_Morris,_Baron_Morris_of_Aberavon" title="John Morris, Baron Morris of Aberavon">John Morris</a></b></td> <td>1976–1979 </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Northern_Ireland" title="Secretary of State for Northern Ireland">Secretary of State for Northern Ireland</a></td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Merlyn_Rees" title="Merlyn Rees">Merlyn Rees</a></b></td> <td>1976 </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Roy_Mason" title="Roy Mason">Roy Mason</a></b></td> <td>1976–1979 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Chancellor_of_the_Duchy_of_Lancaster" title="Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster">Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster</a></td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Harold_Lever" class="mw-redirect" title="Harold Lever">Harold Lever</a></b></td> <td>1976–1979 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Chief_Secretary_to_the_Treasury" title="Chief Secretary to the Treasury">Chief Secretary to the Treasury</a></td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Joel_Barnett" title="Joel Barnett">Joel Barnett</a></b></td> <td>1977–1979 </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Agriculture,_Fisheries_and_Food" title="Minister of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food">Minister of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food</a></td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Fred_Peart" class="mw-redirect" title="Fred Peart">Fred Peart</a></b></td> <td>1976 </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/John_Silkin" title="John Silkin">John Silkin</a></b></td> <td>1976–1979 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Work_and_Pensions" title="Secretary of State for Work and Pensions">Minister for Social Security</a></td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Stan_Orme" title="Stan Orme">Stan Orme</a></b></td> <td>1976–1979 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Local_Government_and_Planning" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister for Local Government and Planning">Minister for Local Government and Planning</a></td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/John_Silkin" title="John Silkin">John Silkin</a></b></td> <td>1976 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Full_list_of_ministers">Full list of ministers</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Labour_government,_1974%E2%80%931979&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Full list of ministers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Members of the <a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Cabinet of the United Kingdom">Cabinet</a> are in <b>bold</b> face. </p> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Office</th> <th>Name</th> <th>Dates</th> <th>Notes </th></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Prime Minister of the United Kingdom">Prime Minister</a>,<br /><a href="/wiki/First_Lord_of_the_Treasury" title="First Lord of the Treasury">First Lord of the Treasury</a><br />and <a href="/wiki/Minister_for_the_Civil_Service" title="Minister for the Civil Service">Minister for the Civil Service</a></td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Harold_Wilson" title="Harold Wilson">Harold Wilson</a></b></td> <td>4 March 1974 – 5 April 1976</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/James_Callaghan" title="James Callaghan">James Callaghan</a></b></td> <td>5 April 1976 – 4 May 1979</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minister_of_State,_Civil_Service_Department&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Minister of State, Civil Service Department (page does not exist)">Minister of State, Civil Service Department</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Robert_Sheldon" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert Sheldon">Robert Sheldon</a></td> <td>7 March 1974</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Charles_Morris_(British_politician)" title="Charles Morris (British politician)">Charles Morris</a></td> <td>18 October 1974</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Parliamentary_Secretary,_Civil_Service_Department&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Parliamentary Secretary, Civil Service Department (page does not exist)">Parliamentary Secretary, Civil Service Department</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/John_Grant_(British_politician)" title="John Grant (British politician)">John Grant</a></td> <td>7 March 1974 – 18 October 1974</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Lord_Chancellor" title="Lord Chancellor">Lord Chancellor</a></td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Elwyn_Jones,_Baron_Elwyn-Jones" title="Elwyn Jones, Baron Elwyn-Jones">The Lord Elwyn-Jones</a></b></td> <td>5 March 1974</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Lord_President_of_the_Council" title="Lord President of the Council">Lord President of the Council</a> <br /> and <a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_House_of_Commons" title="Leader of the House of Commons">Leader of the House of Commons</a></td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Edward_Short,_Baron_Glenamara" title="Edward Short, Baron Glenamara">Edward Short</a></b></td> <td>5 March 1974</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Michael_Foot" title="Michael Foot">Michael Foot</a></b></td> <td>8 April 1976</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_State_for_the_Privy_Council_Office" title="Minister of State for the Privy Council Office">Minister of State for the Privy Council Office</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gerry_Fowler" title="Gerry Fowler">Gerald Fowler</a></td> <td>18 October 1974</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Norman_Crowther_Hunt,_Baron_Crowther-Hunt" title="Norman Crowther Hunt, Baron Crowther-Hunt">The Lord Crowther-Hunt</a></td> <td>23 January 1976</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/John_Smith_(Labour_Party_leader)" title="John Smith (Labour Party leader)">John Smith</a></td> <td>8 April 1976</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Alma_Birk,_Baroness_Birk" title="Alma Birk, Baroness Birk">The Baroness Birk</a></td> <td>3 January 1979</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Parliamentary_Secretary_to_the_Privy_Council_Office&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Parliamentary Secretary to the Privy Council Office (page does not exist)">Parliamentary Secretary to the Privy Council Office</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/William_Price_(Labour_politician)" title="William Price (Labour politician)">William Price</a></td> <td>18 October 1974</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Lord_Privy_Seal" title="Lord Privy Seal">Lord Privy Seal</a> <br /> and <a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_House_of_Lords" title="Leader of the House of Lords">Leader of the House of Lords</a></td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Malcolm_Shepherd,_2nd_Baron_Shepherd" title="Malcolm Shepherd, 2nd Baron Shepherd">The Lord Shepherd</a></b></td> <td>7 March 1974</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Fred_Peart,_Baron_Peart" title="Fred Peart, Baron Peart">The Lord Peart</a></b></td> <td>10 September 1976</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Chancellor_of_the_Exchequer" title="Chancellor of the Exchequer">Chancellor of the Exchequer</a></td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Denis_Healey" title="Denis Healey">Denis Healey</a></b><sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>5 March 1974</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Chief_Secretary_to_the_Treasury" title="Chief Secretary to the Treasury">Chief Secretary to the Treasury</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Joel_Barnett" title="Joel Barnett">Joel Barnett</a></td> <td>7 March 1974</td> <td>In Cabinet from Feb 1977 </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_Secretary_to_the_Treasury" title="Parliamentary Secretary to the Treasury">Parliamentary Secretary to the Treasury</a></td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Robert_Mellish" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert Mellish">Robert Mellish</a></b></td> <td>5 March 1974</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Michael_Cocks" title="Michael Cocks">Michael Cocks</a></td> <td>8 April 1976</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Financial_Secretary_to_the_Treasury" title="Financial Secretary to the Treasury">Financial Secretary to the Treasury</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/John_Gilbert,_Baron_Gilbert" title="John Gilbert, Baron Gilbert">John Gilbert</a></td> <td>7 March 1974</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Robert_Sheldon" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert Sheldon">Robert Sheldon</a></td> <td>17 June 1975</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_State_for_Treasury" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister of State for Treasury">Minister of State for Treasury</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Robert_Sheldon" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert Sheldon">Robert Sheldon</a></td> <td>18 October 1974</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Denzil_Davies" title="Denzil Davies">Denzil Davies</a></td> <td>17 June 1975</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="13"><a href="/wiki/Lords_of_the_Treasury" class="mw-redirect" title="Lords of the Treasury">Lords of the Treasury</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Donald_Coleman" title="Donald Coleman">Donald Coleman</a></td> <td>8 March 1974 – 6 July 1978</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/James_Dunn_(British_politician)" title="James Dunn (British politician)">James Dunn</a></td> <td>8 March 1974 – 14 April 1976</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/John_Golding_(British_politician)" title="John Golding (British politician)">John Golding</a></td> <td>8 March 1974 – 18 October 1974</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tom_Pendry" title="Tom Pendry">Tom Pendry</a></td> <td>8 March 1974 – 18 January 1977</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/James_Hamilton_(Scottish_politician)" title="James Hamilton (Scottish politician)">James Hamilton</a></td> <td>8 March 1974 – 28 June 1974</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Michael_Cocks" title="Michael Cocks">Michael Cocks</a></td> <td>28 June 1974 – 8 April 1976</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Jack_Dormand" title="Jack Dormand">Jack Dormand</a></td> <td>18 October 1974 – 4 May 1979</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/David_Stoddart,_Baron_Stoddart_of_Swindon" title="David Stoddart, Baron Stoddart of Swindon">David Stoddart</a></td> <td>4 April 1976 – 18 November 1977</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ted_Graham,_Baron_Graham_of_Edmonton" title="Ted Graham, Baron Graham of Edmonton">Edward Graham</a></td> <td>14 April 1976 – 4 May 1979</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tom_Cox_(British_politician)" title="Tom Cox (British politician)">Tom Cox</a></td> <td>19 January 1977 – 4 May 1979</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Peter_Snape" title="Peter Snape">Peter Snape</a></td> <td>23 November 1977 – 4 May 1979</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Albert_Stallard" class="mw-redirect" title="Albert Stallard">Albert Stallard</a></td> <td>5 July 1978 – 17 January 1979</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Bates" title="Alfred Bates">Alfred Bates</a></td> <td>17 January 1979 – 4 May 1979</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="14">Assistant Whips</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Michael_Cocks" title="Michael Cocks">Michael Cocks</a></td> <td>March 1974 - June 1974</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tom_Cox_(British_politician)" title="Tom Cox (British politician)">Tom Cox</a></td> <td>March 1974 - 19 January 1977</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Jack_Dormand" title="Jack Dormand">Jack Dormand</a></td> <td>March 1974 - 18 October 1974</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Laurence_Pavitt" class="mw-redirect" title="Laurence Pavitt">Laurence Pavitt</a></td> <td>March 1974 - 1976</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Perry_(politician)" title="Ernest Perry (politician)">Ernest Perry</a></td> <td>March 1974 - 1975</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/John_Ellis_(Labour_politician)" title="John Ellis (Labour politician)">John Ellis</a></td> <td>1974 - 1976</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Betty_Boothroyd" title="Betty Boothroyd">Betty Boothroyd</a></td> <td>24 October 1974 - 4 November 1975</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Beckett" title="Margaret Beckett">Margaret Beckett</a> (Jackson)</td> <td>January 1975 - January 1976</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/David_Stoddart,_Baron_Stoddart_of_Swindon" title="David Stoddart, Baron Stoddart of Swindon">David Stoddart</a></td> <td>27 January 1975 - 4 April 1976</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Peter_Snape" title="Peter Snape">Peter Snape</a></td> <td>1 January 1975 - 1 January 1977</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Albert_Stallard" class="mw-redirect" title="Albert Stallard">Albert Stallard</a></td> <td>1976 - 5 July 1978</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Bates" title="Alfred Bates">Alfred Bates</a></td> <td>1976 - 17 January 1979</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Frank_White_(British_politician)" title="Frank White (British politician)">Frank White</a></td> <td>14 April 1976 - 31 October 1978</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/James_Tinn" title="James Tinn">James Tinn</a></td> <td>16 June 1976 - 4 May 1979</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Foreign_Secretary" title="Foreign Secretary">Foreign Secretary</a></td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/James_Callaghan" title="James Callaghan">James Callaghan</a></b></td> <td>5 March 1974</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Crosland" title="Anthony Crosland">Anthony Crosland</a></b></td> <td>8 April 1976</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/David_Owen" title="David Owen">David Owen</a></b></td> <td>21 February 1977</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="6"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_State_for_Foreign_Affairs_(United_Kingdom)" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister of State for Foreign Affairs (United Kingdom)">Minister of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/David_Ennals" class="mw-redirect" title="David Ennals">David Ennals</a></td> <td>7 March 1974 – 8 April 1976</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Roy_Hattersley" title="Roy Hattersley">Roy Hattersley</a></td> <td>7 March 1974 – 10 September 1976</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Goronwy_Roberts,_Baron_Goronwy-Roberts" title="Goronwy Roberts, Baron Goronwy-Roberts">The Lord Goronwy-Roberts</a></td> <td>4 December 1975 – 4 May 1979</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ted_Rowlands" class="mw-redirect" title="Ted Rowlands">Ted Rowlands</a></td> <td>14 April 1976 – 4 May 1979</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/David_Owen" title="David Owen">David Owen</a></td> <td>10 September 1976 – 21 February 1977</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Frank_Judd" class="mw-redirect" title="Frank Judd">Frank Judd</a></td> <td>21 February 1977 – 4 May 1979</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="5"><a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_Under-Secretary_of_State_for_Foreign_Affairs" class="mw-redirect" title="Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs">Under-Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Joan_Lestor" title="Joan Lestor">Joan Lestor</a></td> <td>8 March 1974 – 12 June 1975</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Goronwy_Roberts,_Baron_Goronwy-Roberts" title="Goronwy Roberts, Baron Goronwy-Roberts">The Lord Goronwy-Roberts</a></td> <td>8 March 1974 – 4 December 1975</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ted_Rowlands" class="mw-redirect" title="Ted Rowlands">Ted Rowlands</a></td> <td>12 June 1975 – 14 April 1976</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/John_Tomlinson,_Baron_Tomlinson" title="John Tomlinson, Baron Tomlinson">John Tomlinson</a></td> <td>17 March 1976 – 4 May 1979</td> <td>Also Overseas Development </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Evan_Luard" title="Evan Luard">Evan Luard</a></td> <td>14 April 1976 – 4 May 1979</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Overseas_Development" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister for Overseas Development">Minister for Overseas Development</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Judith_Hart" title="Judith Hart">Judith Hart</a></td> <td>7 April 1974</td> <td>Subordinated to Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs 10 June 1975 </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Overseas_Development" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister of Overseas Development">Minister of Overseas Development</a></td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Reg_Prentice" title="Reg Prentice">Reg Prentice</a></b></td> <td>10 June 1975</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Frank_Judd" class="mw-redirect" title="Frank Judd">Frank Judd</a></td> <td>21 December 1976</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Judith_Hart" title="Judith Hart">Judith Hart</a></td> <td>21 February 1977</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="4"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Parliamentary_Secretary_to_the_Ministry_of_Overseas_Development&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Parliamentary Secretary to the Ministry of Overseas Development (page does not exist)">Parliamentary Secretary to the Ministry of Overseas Development</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/William_Price_(Labour_politician)" title="William Price (Labour politician)">William Price</a></td> <td>11 March 1974</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/John_Grant_(British_politician)" title="John Grant (British politician)">John Grant</a></td> <td>18 October 1974</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Frank_Judd" class="mw-redirect" title="Frank Judd">Frank Judd</a></td> <td>14 April 1976</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/John_Tomlinson,_Baron_Tomlinson" title="John Tomlinson, Baron Tomlinson">John Tomlinson</a></td> <td>3 January 1977</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Home_Secretary" title="Home Secretary">Home Secretary</a></td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Roy_Jenkins" title="Roy Jenkins">Roy Jenkins</a></b></td> <td>5 March 1974</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Merlyn_Rees" title="Merlyn Rees">Merlyn Rees</a></b></td> <td>10 September 1976</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_Under-Secretary_of_State_for_the_Home_Department" title="Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for the Home Department">Minister of State for Home Affairs</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/John_Henry_Harris" class="mw-redirect" title="John Henry Harris">The Lord Harris</a></td> <td>8 March 1974 – 3 January 1979</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Alex_Lyon_(politician)" title="Alex Lyon (politician)">Alex Lyon</a></td> <td>8 March 1974 – 14 April 1976</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Brynmor_John" title="Brynmor John">Brynmor John</a></td> <td>14 April 1976 – 4 May 1979</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Terence_Boston,_Baron_Boston_of_Faversham" title="Terence Boston, Baron Boston of Faversham">The Lord Boston</a></td> <td>3 January 1979 – 4 May 1979</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Under-Secretary_of_State_for_Home_Affairs" class="mw-redirect" title="Under-Secretary of State for Home Affairs">Under-Secretary of State for Home Affairs</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Shirley_Summerskill" title="Shirley Summerskill">Shirley Summerskill</a></td> <td>8 March 1974</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Agriculture,_Fisheries_and_Food" title="Minister of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food">Minister of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food</a></td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Fred_Peart" class="mw-redirect" title="Fred Peart">Fred Peart</a></b></td> <td>5 March 1974</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/John_Silkin" title="John Silkin">John Silkin</a></b></td> <td>10 September 1976</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_State_for_Agriculture,_Fisheries_and_Food" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister of State for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food">Minister of State for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Norman_Buchan" title="Norman Buchan">Norman Buchan</a></td> <td>8 March 1974</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Edward_Stanley_Bishop" class="mw-redirect" title="Edward Stanley Bishop">Edward Stanley Bishop</a></td> <td>18 October 1974</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_Secretary_to_Agriculture,_Fisheries_and_Food" class="mw-redirect" title="Parliamentary Secretary to Agriculture, Fisheries and Food">Parliamentary Secretary to Agriculture, Fisheries and Food</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Roland_Moyle" title="Roland Moyle">Roland Moyle</a></td> <td>11 March 1974</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Edward_Stanley_Bishop" class="mw-redirect" title="Edward Stanley Bishop">Edward Stanley Bishop</a></td> <td>28 June 1974</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Gavin_Strang" title="Gavin Strang">Gavin Strang</a></td> <td>18 October 1974</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Defence" title="Secretary of State for Defence">Secretary of State for Defence</a></td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Roy_Mason" title="Roy Mason">Roy Mason</a></b></td> <td>4 March 1974</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Mulley" class="mw-redirect" title="Frederick Mulley">Frederick Mulley</a></b></td> <td>10 September 1976</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Defence_Procurement" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister for Defence Procurement">Minister of State for Defence</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bill_Rodgers,_Baron_Rodgers_of_Quarry_Bank" title="Bill Rodgers, Baron Rodgers of Quarry Bank">William Rodgers</a></td> <td>4 March 1974</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/John_Gilbert,_Baron_Gilbert" title="John Gilbert, Baron Gilbert">John Gilbert</a></td> <td>10 September 1976</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Under-Secretary_of_State_for_the_Navy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Under-Secretary of State for the Navy (page does not exist)">Under-Secretary of State for the Navy</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Frank_Judd" class="mw-redirect" title="Frank Judd">Frank Judd</a></td> <td>8 March 1974</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Duffy_(UK_politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Patrick Duffy (UK politician)">Patrick Duffy</a></td> <td>14 April 1976</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Under-Secretary_of_State_for_the_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Under-Secretary of State for the Air Force">Under-Secretary of State for the Air Force</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Brynmor_John" title="Brynmor John">Brynmor John</a></td> <td>8 March 1974</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/James_Wellbeloved" title="James Wellbeloved">James Wellbeloved</a></td> <td>14 April 1976</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Under-Secretary_of_State_for_the_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Under-Secretary of State for the Army">Under-Secretary of State for the Army</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Desmond_Brayley" class="mw-redirect" title="Desmond Brayley">Desmond Brayley</a></td> <td>4 March 1974</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Robert_Brown_(English_politician)" title="Robert Brown (English politician)">Robert Brown</a></td> <td>18 October 1974</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Education_and_Science" class="mw-redirect" title="Secretary of State for Education and Science">Secretary of State for Education and Science</a></td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Reginald_Prentice" class="mw-redirect" title="Reginald Prentice">Reginald Prentice</a></b></td> <td>5 March 1974</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Mulley" class="mw-redirect" title="Frederick Mulley">Frederick Mulley</a></b></td> <td>10 June 1975</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Shirley_Williams" title="Shirley Williams">Shirley Williams</a></b></td> <td>10 September 1976</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_State,_Education_and_Science" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister of State, Education and Science">Minister of State, Education and Science</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gerry_Fowler" title="Gerry Fowler">Gerald Fowler</a></td> <td>8 March 1974</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Norman_Crowther_Hunt" class="mw-redirect" title="Norman Crowther Hunt">Norman Crowther Hunt</a></td> <td>18 October 1974</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Gerry_Fowler" title="Gerry Fowler">Gerald Fowler</a></td> <td>23 January 1976</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Gordon_Oakes" title="Gordon Oakes">Gordon Oakes</a></td> <td>10 September 1976</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Under-Secretary_of_State,_Education_and_Science&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Under-Secretary of State, Education and Science (page does not exist)">Under-Secretary of State, Education and Science</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Armstrong_(British_politician)" title="Ernest Armstrong (British politician)">Ernest Armstrong</a></td> <td>7 March 1974</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Joan_Lestor" title="Joan Lestor">Joan Lestor</a></td> <td>12 June 1975</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Beckett" title="Margaret Beckett">Margaret Jackson</a></td> <td>12 March 1976</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Employment" title="Secretary of State for Employment">Secretary of State for Employment</a></td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Michael_Foot" title="Michael Foot">Michael Foot</a></b></td> <td>5 March 1974</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Albert_Booth" title="Albert Booth">Albert Booth</a></b></td> <td>8 April 1976</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_State,_Employment" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister of State, Employment">Minister of State, Employment</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Albert_Booth" title="Albert Booth">Albert Booth</a></td> <td>8 March 1976</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Harold_Walker,_Baron_Walker_of_Doncaster" title="Harold Walker, Baron Walker of Doncaster">Harold Walker</a></td> <td>14 April 1976</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Under-Secretary_of_State,_Employment" class="mw-redirect" title="Under-Secretary of State, Employment">Under-Secretary of State, Employment</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/John_Fraser_(UK_politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Fraser (UK politician)">John Fraser</a></td> <td>8 March 1974 – 14 April 1976</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Harold_Walker,_Baron_Walker_of_Doncaster" title="Harold Walker, Baron Walker of Doncaster">Harold Walker</a></td> <td>8 March 1974 – 14 April 1976</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/John_Golding_(British_politician)" title="John Golding (British politician)">John Golding</a></td> <td>14 April 1976 – 4 May 1979</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/John_Grant_(British_politician)" title="John Grant (British politician)">John Grant</a></td> <td>14 April 1976 – 4 May 1979</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Energy" class="mw-redirect" title="Secretary of State for Energy">Secretary of State for Energy</a></td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Eric_Varley" title="Eric Varley">Eric Varley</a></b></td> <td>5 March 1974</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Tony_Benn" title="Tony Benn">Tony Benn</a></b></td> <td>10 May 1975</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_State,_Energy" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister of State, Energy">Minister of State, Energy</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Balogh" class="mw-redirect" title="Thomas Balogh">Thomas Balogh</a></td> <td>7 March 1974</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/John_Smith_(Labour_Party_leader)" title="John Smith (Labour Party leader)">John Smith</a></td> <td>4 December 1975</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Dickson_Mabon" title="Dickson Mabon">Dickson Mabon</a></td> <td>14 April 1976</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="6"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Under-Secretary_of_State,_Energy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Under-Secretary of State, Energy (page does not exist)">Under-Secretary of State, Energy</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gavin_Strang" title="Gavin Strang">Gavin Strang</a></td> <td>7 March 1974 – 18 October 1974</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Alex_Eadie" title="Alex Eadie">Alex Eadie</a></td> <td>7 March 1974 – 4 May 1979</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/John_Smith_(Labour_Party_leader)" title="John Smith (Labour Party leader)">John Smith</a></td> <td>18 October 1974 – 4 December 1975</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Peter_Lovell-Davis,_Baron_Lovell-Davis" title="Peter Lovell-Davis, Baron Lovell-Davis">The Lord Lovell-Davis</a></td> <td>4 December 1975 – 14 April 1976</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Gordon_Oakes" title="Gordon Oakes">Gordon Oakes</a></td> <td>14 April 1976 – 10 September 1976</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Jack_Cunningham" class="mw-redirect" title="Jack Cunningham">Jack Cunningham</a></td> <td>10 September 1976 – 4 May 1979</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_the_Environment" title="Secretary of State for the Environment">Secretary of State for the Environment</a></td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Crosland" title="Anthony Crosland">Anthony Crosland</a></b></td> <td>5 March 1974</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Peter_Shore" title="Peter Shore">Peter Shore</a></b></td> <td>8 April 1976</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minister_of_State,_Urban_Affairs&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Minister of State, Urban Affairs (page does not exist)">Minister of State, Urban Affairs</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Charles_Morris_(British_politician)" title="Charles Morris (British politician)">Charles Morris</a></td> <td>7 March 1974 – 18 October 1974</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minister_of_State_(Sport,_Recreation_and_Water_Resources)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Minister of State (Sport, Recreation and Water Resources) (page does not exist)">Minister of State (Sport, Recreation and Water Resources)</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Denis_Howell" title="Denis Howell">Denis Howell</a></td> <td>7 March 1974 – 4 May 1979</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="8"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Under-Secretary_of_State,_Environment&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Under-Secretary of State, Environment (page does not exist)">Under-Secretary of State, Environment</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gerald_Kaufman" title="Gerald Kaufman">Gerald Kaufman</a></td> <td>8 March 1974 – 12 June 1975</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Neil_Carmichael,_Baron_Carmichael_of_Kelvingrove" title="Neil Carmichael, Baron Carmichael of Kelvingrove">Neil Carmichael</a></td> <td>8 March 1974 – 4 December 1975</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Gordon_Oakes" title="Gordon Oakes">Gordon Oakes</a></td> <td>8 March 1974 – 14 April 1976</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Alma_Birk" class="mw-redirect" title="Alma Birk">Alma Birk</a></td> <td>18 October 1974 – 3 January 1979</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Armstrong_(British_politician)" title="Ernest Armstrong (British politician)">Ernest Armstrong</a></td> <td>12 June 1975 – 4 May 1979</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Guy_Barnett_(UK_politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Guy Barnett (UK politician)">Guy Barnett</a></td> <td>5 December 1975 – 4 May 1979</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Marks" title="Kenneth Marks">Kenneth Marks</a></td> <td>14 April 1976 – 4 May 1979</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Phyllis_Stedman" class="mw-redirect" title="Phyllis Stedman">Phyllis Stedman</a></td> <td>3 January 1979 – 4 May 1979</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_Under-Secretary_of_State_for_Housing" class="mw-redirect" title="Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Housing">Minister for Planning and Local Government</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/John_Silkin" title="John Silkin">John Silkin</a></td> <td>7 March 1974</td> <td>In Cabinet from 18 October 1974. Office abolished 10 September 1976 </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Transport" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister for Transport">Minister for Transport</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Fred_Mulley" title="Fred Mulley">Fred Mulley</a></td> <td>7 March 1974</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/John_Gilbert,_Baron_Gilbert" title="John Gilbert, Baron Gilbert">John Gilbert</a></td> <td>12 June 1975</td> <td>Separate department and Cabinet Minister from 10 September 1976 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Housing_and_Construction" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister for Housing and Construction">Minister for Housing and Construction</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Reg_Freeson" title="Reg Freeson">Reg Freeson</a></td> <td>7 March 1974</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Social_Services" title="Secretary of State for Social Services">Secretary of State for Social Services</a></td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Castle" title="Barbara Castle">Barbara Castle</a></b></td> <td>5 March 1974</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/David_Ennals" class="mw-redirect" title="David Ennals">David Ennals</a></b></td> <td>8 April 1976</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_State,_Health_and_Social_Security" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister of State, Health and Social Security">Minister of State, Health and Social Security</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Brian_O%27Malley" title="Brian O'Malley">Brian O'Malley</a></td> <td>8 March 1974 – 6 April 1976</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/David_Owen" title="David Owen">David Owen</a></td> <td>26 July 1974 – 10 September 1976</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Stan_Orme" title="Stan Orme">Stan Orme</a></td> <td>8 April 1976 – 4 May 1979</td> <td>In Cabinet as Minister for Social Security from 10 September 1976 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Roland_Moyle" title="Roland Moyle">Roland Moyle</a></td> <td>10 September 1976 – 4 May 1979</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="6"><a href="/wiki/Under-Secretary_of_State,_Health_and_Social_Security" class="mw-redirect" title="Under-Secretary of State, Health and Social Security">Under-Secretary of State, Health and Social Security</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/David_Owen" title="David Owen">David Owen</a></td> <td>8 March 1974 – 26 July 1974</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Robert_Brown_(English_politician)" title="Robert Brown (English politician)">Robert Brown</a></td> <td>8 March 1974 – 18 October 1974</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Alec_Jones" title="Alec Jones">Alec Jones</a></td> <td>18 October 1974 – 12 June 1975</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Michael_Meacher" title="Michael Meacher">Michael Meacher</a></td> <td>12 June 1975 – 14 April 1976</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Eric_Deakins" title="Eric Deakins">Eric Deakins</a></td> <td>14 April 1976 – 4 May 1979</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Reginald_Wells-Pestell,_Baron_Wells-Pestell" title="Reginald Wells-Pestell, Baron Wells-Pestell">The Lord Wells-Pestell</a></td> <td>3 January 1979 – 4 May 1979</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Under-Secretary_of_State,_Disabled_Industry&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Under-Secretary of State, Disabled Industry (page does not exist)">Under-Secretary of State, Disabled Industry</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alf_Morris" title="Alf Morris">Alf Morris</a></td> <td>11 March 1974 – 4 May 1979</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Industry" class="mw-redirect" title="Secretary of State for Industry">Secretary of State for Industry</a></td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Tony_Benn" title="Tony Benn">Tony Benn</a></b></td> <td>5 March 1974</td> <td>Also Minister for Posts and Telecommunications 7–29 March 1974 </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Eric_Varley" title="Eric Varley">Eric Varley</a></b></td> <td>10 June 1975</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="4"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minister_of_State,_Industry&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Minister of State, Industry (page does not exist)">Minister of State, Industry</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Eric_Heffer" title="Eric Heffer">Eric Heffer</a></td> <td>7 March 1974 – 9 April 1975</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Frank_Beswick,_Baron_Beswick" title="Frank Beswick, Baron Beswick">The Lord Beswick</a></td> <td>11 March 1974 – 4 December 1975</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Gerald_Kaufman" title="Gerald Kaufman">Gerald Kaufman</a></td> <td>4 December 1975 – 14 April 1976</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Alan_Williams_(Swansea_West_MP)" title="Alan Williams (Swansea West MP)">Alan Williams</a></td> <td>14 April 1976 – 4 May 1979</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="7"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Under-Secretary_of_State,_Industry&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Under-Secretary of State, Industry (page does not exist)">Under-Secretary of State, Industry</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gregor_Mackenzie" title="Gregor Mackenzie">Gregor Mackenzie</a></td> <td>7 March 1974 – 10 June 1975</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Michael_Meacher" title="Michael Meacher">Michael Meacher</a></td> <td>7 March 1974 – 12 June 1975</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Gerald_Kaufman" title="Gerald Kaufman">Gerald Kaufman</a></td> <td>12 June 1975 – 4 December 1975</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Peter_Mond,_4th_Baron_Melchett" title="Peter Mond, 4th Baron Melchett">The Lord Melchett</a></td> <td>4 December 1975 – 10 September 1976</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Neil_Carmichael,_Baron_Carmichael_of_Kelvingrove" title="Neil Carmichael, Baron Carmichael of Kelvingrove">Neil Carmichael</a></td> <td>4 December 1975 – 14 April 1976</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Les_Huckfield" title="Les Huckfield">Les Huckfield</a></td> <td>4 April 1976 – 4 May 1979</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bob_Cryer" title="Bob Cryer">Bob Cryer</a></td> <td>10 September 1976 – 20 November 1978</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Chancellor_of_the_Duchy_of_Lancaster" title="Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster">Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster</a></td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Harold_Lever" class="mw-redirect" title="Harold Lever">Harold Lever</a></b></td> <td>5 March 1974</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Northern_Ireland" title="Secretary of State for Northern Ireland">Secretary of State for Northern Ireland</a></td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Merlyn_Rees" title="Merlyn Rees">Merlyn Rees</a></b></td> <td>5 March 1974</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Roy_Mason" title="Roy Mason">Roy Mason</a></b></td> <td>10 September 1976</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_State,_Northern_Ireland" title="Minister of State, Northern Ireland">Minister of State, Northern Ireland</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Stan_Orme" title="Stan Orme">Stan Orme</a></td> <td>7 March 1974 – 8 April 1976</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Roland_Moyle" title="Roland Moyle">Roland Moyle</a></td> <td>27 June 1974 – 10 September 1976</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Don_Concannon" title="Don Concannon">Don Concannon</a></td> <td>14 April 1976 – 4 May 1979</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Peter_Mond,_4th_Baron_Melchett" title="Peter Mond, 4th Baron Melchett">The Lord Melchett</a></td> <td>10 September 1976 – 4 May 1979</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="5"><a href="/wiki/Under-Secretary_of_State,_Northern_Ireland" class="mw-redirect" title="Under-Secretary of State, Northern Ireland">Under-Secretary of State, Northern Ireland</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jack_Donaldson,_Baron_Donaldson_of_Kingsbridge" title="Jack Donaldson, Baron Donaldson of Kingsbridge">The Lord Donaldson of Kingsbridge</a></td> <td>4 March 1974 – 5 April 1976</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Don_Concannon" title="Don Concannon">Don Concannon</a></td> <td>27 June 1974 – 5 April 1976</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/James_Dunn_(UK_politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="James Dunn (UK politician)">James Dunn</a></td> <td>5 April 1976 – 4 May 1979</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Raymond_Carter_(British_politician)" title="Raymond Carter (British politician)">Raymond Carter</a></td> <td>5 April 1976 – 4 May 1979</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tom_Pendry" title="Tom Pendry">Tom Pendry</a></td> <td>11 November 1978 – 4 May 1979</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Paymaster_General" title="Paymaster General">Paymaster General</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Edmund_Dell" title="Edmund Dell">Edmund Dell</a></td> <td>7 March 1974</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Shirley_Williams" title="Shirley Williams">Shirley Williams</a></b></td> <td>5 April 1976</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Prices_and_Consumer_Protection" class="mw-redirect" title="Secretary of State for Prices and Consumer Protection">Secretary of State for Prices and Consumer Protection</a></td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Shirley_Williams" title="Shirley Williams">Shirley Williams</a></b></td> <td>4 March 1974</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Roy_Hattersley" title="Roy Hattersley">Roy Hattersley</a></b></td> <td>10 September 1976</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minister_of_State,_Prices_and_Consumer_Protection&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Minister of State, Prices and Consumer Protection (page does not exist)">Minister of State, Prices and Consumer Protection</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alan_Williams_(Swansea_West_MP)" title="Alan Williams (Swansea West MP)">Alan Williams</a></td> <td>4 March 1974</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/John_Fraser_(UK_politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Fraser (UK politician)">John Fraser</a></td> <td>5 April 1976</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Under-Secretary_of_State,_Prices_and_Consumer_Protection&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Under-Secretary of State, Prices and Consumer Protection (page does not exist)">Under-Secretary of State, Prices and Consumer Protection</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Robert_Maclennan" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert Maclennan">Robert Maclennan</a></td> <td>4 March 1974</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Scotland" title="Secretary of State for Scotland">Secretary of State for Scotland</a></td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/William_Ross,_Baron_Ross_of_Marnock" class="mw-redirect" title="William Ross, Baron Ross of Marnock">William Ross</a></b></td> <td>4 March 1974</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Bruce_Millan" title="Bruce Millan">Bruce Millan</a></b></td> <td>5 April 1976</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_State_for_Scotland" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister of State for Scotland">Minister of State for Scotland</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bruce_Millan" title="Bruce Millan">Bruce Millan</a></td> <td>4 March 1974 – 5 April 1976</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/William_Hughes,_Baron_Hughes" title="William Hughes, Baron Hughes">The Lord Hughes</a></td> <td>4 March 1974 – 8 August 1975</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/John_Smith,_Baron_Kirkhill" title="John Smith, Baron Kirkhill">The Lord Kirkhill</a></td> <td>8 August 1975 – 15 December 1978</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Gregor_Mackenzie" title="Gregor Mackenzie">Gregor Mackenzie</a></td> <td>5 April 1976 – 4 May 1979</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Under-Secretary_of_State_for_Scotland" class="mw-redirect" title="Under-Secretary of State for Scotland">Under-Secretary of State for Scotland</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Robert_Hughes,_Baron_Hughes_of_Woodside" title="Robert Hughes, Baron Hughes of Woodside">Robert Hughes</a></td> <td>4 March 1974 – 22 July 1975</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Brown_(British_politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hugh Brown (British politician)">Hugh Brown</a></td> <td>27 June 1974 – 4 May 1979</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Harry_Ewing,_Baron_Ewing_of_Kirkford" title="Harry Ewing, Baron Ewing of Kirkford">Harry Ewing</a></td> <td>18 October 1974 – 4 May 1979</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Frank_McElhone" title="Frank McElhone">Frank McElhone</a></td> <td>22 July 1975 – 4 May 1979</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Trade" class="mw-redirect" title="Secretary of State for Trade">Secretary of State for Trade</a></td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Peter_Shore" title="Peter Shore">Peter Shore</a></b></td> <td>4 March 1974</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Edmund_Dell" title="Edmund Dell">Edmund Dell</a></b></td> <td>5 April 1976</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/John_Smith_(Labour_Party_leader)" title="John Smith (Labour Party leader)">John Smith</a></b></td> <td>11 November 1978</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Under-Secretary_of_State_for_Trade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Under-Secretary of State for Trade (page does not exist)">Under-Secretary of State for Trade</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Eric_Deakins" title="Eric Deakins">Eric Deakins</a></td> <td>4 March 1974 – 5 April 1976</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Stanley_Clinton_Davis,_Baron_Clinton-Davis" class="mw-redirect" title="Stanley Clinton Davis, Baron Clinton-Davis">Clinton Davis</a></td> <td>4 March 1974 – 4 May 1979</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Michael_Meacher" title="Michael Meacher">Michael Meacher</a></td> <td>5 April 1976 – 4 May 1979</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Transport" title="Secretary of State for Transport">Secretary of State for Transport</a></td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/William_Rodgers,_Baron_Rodgers_of_Quarry_Bank" class="mw-redirect" title="William Rodgers, Baron Rodgers of Quarry Bank">William Rodgers</a></b></td> <td>10 September 1976</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Under-Secretary_of_State_for_Transport&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Under-Secretary of State for Transport (page does not exist)">Under-Secretary of State for Transport</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/John_Horam" title="John Horam">John Horam</a></td> <td>10 September 1976</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Wales" title="Secretary of State for Wales">Secretary of State for Wales</a></td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/John_Morris,_Baron_Morris_of_Aberavon" title="John Morris, Baron Morris of Aberavon">John Morris</a></b></td> <td>4 March 1974</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Under-Secretary_of_State_for_Wales" class="mw-redirect" title="Under-Secretary of State for Wales">Under-Secretary of State for Wales</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ted_Rowlands" class="mw-redirect" title="Ted Rowlands">Ted Rowlands</a></td> <td>4 March 1974 – 12 June 1975</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Barry_Jones,_Baron_Jones" title="Barry Jones, Baron Jones">Barry Jones</a></td> <td>4 March 1974 – 4 May 1979</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Alec_Jones" title="Alec Jones">Alec Jones</a></td> <td>12 June 1975 – 4 May 1979</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Attorney_General_for_England_and_Wales" title="Attorney General for England and Wales">Attorney General</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Silkin" title="Samuel Silkin">Samuel Silkin</a></td> <td>4 March 1974</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Solicitor_General_for_England_and_Wales" title="Solicitor General for England and Wales">Solicitor General</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Peter_Archer,_Baron_Archer_of_Sandwell" title="Peter Archer, Baron Archer of Sandwell">Peter Archer</a></td> <td>4 March 1974</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Parliamentary_Secretary_to_the_Law_Officers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Parliamentary Secretary to the Law Officers (page does not exist)">Parliamentary Secretary to the Law Officers</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Davidson_(politician)" title="Arthur Davidson (politician)">Arthur Davidson</a></td> <td>4 March 1974</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Lord_Advocate" title="Lord Advocate">Lord Advocate</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ronald_King_Murray" class="mw-redirect" title="Ronald King Murray">Ronald King Murray</a></td> <td>4 March 1974</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Solicitor_General_for_Scotland" title="Solicitor General for Scotland">Solicitor General for Scotland</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/John_McCluskey" class="mw-redirect" title="John McCluskey">John McCluskey</a></td> <td>4 March 1974</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Treasurer_of_the_Household" title="Treasurer of the Household">Treasurer of the Household</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Walter_Harrison_(politician)" title="Walter Harrison (politician)">Walter Harrison</a></td> <td>4 March 1974</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Comptroller_of_the_Household" title="Comptroller of the Household">Comptroller of the Household</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Harper_(British_politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Joseph Harper (British politician)">Joseph Harper</a></td> <td>4 March 1974</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/James_Hamilton_(Scottish_politician)" title="James Hamilton (Scottish politician)">James Hamilton</a></td> <td>6 July 1978</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Vice-Chamberlain_of_the_Household" title="Vice-Chamberlain of the Household">Vice-Chamberlain of the Household</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Don_Concannon" title="Don Concannon">Don Concannon</a></td> <td>4 March 1974</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/James_Hamilton_(Scottish_politician)" title="James Hamilton (Scottish politician)">James Hamilton</a></td> <td>27 June 1974</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Donald_Coleman" title="Donald Coleman">Donald Coleman</a></td> <td>6 July 1978</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Captain_of_the_Gentlemen_at_Arms" class="mw-redirect" title="Captain of the Gentlemen at Arms">Captain of the Gentlemen at Arms</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Annie_Llewelyn-Davies,_Baroness_Llewelyn-Davies_of_Hastoe" class="mw-redirect" title="Annie Llewelyn-Davies, Baroness Llewelyn-Davies of Hastoe">The Baroness Llewellyn-Davies</a></td> <td>4 March 1974</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Captain_of_the_Yeomen_of_the_Guard" title="Captain of the Yeomen of the Guard">Captain of the Yeomen of the Guard</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/David_Kenworthy,_11th_Baron_Strabolgi" title="David Kenworthy, 11th Baron Strabolgi">The Lord Strabolgi</a></td> <td>4 March 1974</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="12"><a href="/wiki/Lord_in_Waiting" class="mw-redirect" title="Lord in Waiting">Lords-in-Waiting</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/John_Jacques,_Baron_Jacques" title="John Jacques, Baron Jacques">The Lord Jacques</a></td> <td>4 March 1974 – 19 January 1977, 11 January 1979 – 4 May 1979</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Charles_Garnsworthy,_Baron_Garnsworthy" title="Charles Garnsworthy, Baron Garnsworthy">The Lord Garnsworthy</a></td> <td>4 March 1974 – 4 September 1974</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Alma_Birk,_Baroness_Birk" title="Alma Birk, Baroness Birk">The Baroness Birk</a></td> <td>4 March 1974 – 18 October 1974</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Reginald_Wells-Pestell,_Baron_Wells-Pestell" title="Reginald Wells-Pestell, Baron Wells-Pestell">The Lord Wells-Pestell</a></td> <td>4 March 1974 – 11 January 1979</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ian_Winterbottom,_Baron_Winterbottom" title="Ian Winterbottom, Baron Winterbottom">The Lord Winterbottom</a></td> <td>18 October 1974 – 27 October 1978</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Peter_Lovell-Davis,_Baron_Lovell-Davis" title="Peter Lovell-Davis, Baron Lovell-Davis">The Lord Lovell-Davis</a></td> <td>18 October 1974 – 4 December 1975</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Peter_Mond,_4th_Baron_Melchett" title="Peter Mond, 4th Baron Melchett">The Lord Melchett</a></td> <td>18 October 1974 – 4 December 1975</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Phyllis_Stedman" class="mw-redirect" title="Phyllis Stedman">The Baroness Stedman</a></td> <td>4 December 1975 – 11 January 1979</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Albert_Oram,_Baron_Oram" title="Albert Oram, Baron Oram">The Lord Oram</a></td> <td>23 January 1976 – 23 March 1978</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/George_Wallace,_Baron_Wallace_of_Coslany" title="George Wallace, Baron Wallace of Coslany">The Lord Wallace of Coslany</a></td> <td>19 January 1977 – 4 May 1979</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/John_Leonard,_Baron_Leonard" title="John Leonard, Baron Leonard">The Lord Leonard</a></td> <td>27 October 1978 – 4 May 1979</td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Nora_David,_Baroness_David" title="Nora David, Baroness David">The Baroness David of Romsey</a></td> <td>27 October 1978 – 4 May 1979</td> <td>  </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Labour_government,_1974%E2%80%931979&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dt>Notes</dt></dl> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Edward_Short,_Baron_Glenamara" title="Edward Short, Baron Glenamara">Edward Short</a> never acquired the title of <a href="/wiki/Deputy_Prime_Minister_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Deputy Prime Minister of the United Kingdom">Deputy Prime Minister of the United Kingdom</a>. He did however serve as <a href="/wiki/Deputy_Leader_of_the_Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Deputy Leader of the Labour Party (UK)">Deputy Leader of the Labour Party</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Neither <a href="/wiki/Edward_Short,_Baron_Glenamara" title="Edward Short, Baron Glenamara">Edward Short</a> nor <a href="/wiki/Michael_Foot" title="Michael Foot">Michael Foot</a> acquired the title of <a href="/wiki/Deputy_Prime_Minister_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Deputy Prime Minister of the United Kingdom">Deputy Prime Minister of the United Kingdom</a>. They did however serve as <a href="/wiki/Deputy_Leader_of_the_Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Deputy Leader of the Labour Party (UK)">Deputy Leader of the Labour Party</a> respectively.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <dl><dt>Sources</dt></dl> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFKenneth_O._Morgan2001" class="citation book cs1">Kenneth O. Morgan (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=tKwGaWWKzNAC&pg=PA437"><i>Britain Since 1945: The People's Peace</i></a>. OUP Oxford. p. 437. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780191587993" title="Special:BookSources/9780191587993"><bdi>9780191587993</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Britain+Since+1945%3A+The+People%27s+Peace&rft.pages=437&rft.pub=OUP+Oxford&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=9780191587993&rft.au=Kenneth+O.+Morgan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DtKwGaWWKzNAC%26pg%3DPA437&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALabour+government%2C+1974%E2%80%931979" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Taxation-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Taxation_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Taxation, Wage Bargaining, and Unemployment</i> by Isabela Mares</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-socialists1-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-socialists1_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Socialists in the Recession: The Search for Solidarity</i>, Giles Radice and Lisanne Radice</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SeldonHickson-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-SeldonHickson_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SeldonHickson_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SeldonHickson_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>New Labour, Old Labour: The Wilson and Callaghan Governments, 1974–79</i> edited by Anthony Seldon and Kevin Hickson</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Labour in power? A study of the Labour Government 1974–1979</i>, David Coates</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ReferenceC-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceC_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Labour's First Century</i> by <a href="/wiki/Duncan_Tanner" title="Duncan Tanner">Duncan Tanner</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pat_Thane" title="Pat Thane">Pat Thane</a>, and Nick Tiratsoo</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ref-1-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Ref-1_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Poverty and the development of anti-poverty policy in the United Kingdom: a report to the Commission of the European Communities</i>, Richard Berthoud, Joan C. Brown and Steven Cooper, Commission of the European Communities, Policy Studies Institute</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ReferenceA-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Labour and Inequality: A Fabian Study of Labour in Power, 1974–79</i>, edited by Nick Bosanquet and Peter Townsend</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Longman-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Longman_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Longman_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Longman_9-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>The Longman Companion to The Labour Party 1900–1998</i>, Harry Harmer</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrivatiBale1997" class="citation book cs1">Brivati, Brian; Bale, Tim (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=5tuIo6tkqAwC&q=Resources+Allocation+Working+Party+%28RAWP%29+formula+1978&pg=PA46"><i>New Labour in Power: Precedents and Prospects – Google Books</i></a>. Routledge. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780415179737" title="Special:BookSources/9780415179737"><bdi>9780415179737</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 April</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=New+Labour+in+Power%3A+Precedents+and+Prospects+%E2%80%93+Google+Books&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=9780415179737&rft.aulast=Brivati&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft.au=Bale%2C+Tim&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D5tuIo6tkqAwC%26q%3DResources%2BAllocation%2BWorking%2BParty%2B%2528RAWP%2529%2Bformula%2B1978%26pg%3DPA46&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALabour+government%2C+1974%E2%80%931979" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Social Trends 9, 1979 Edition, A publication of the Government Statistical Service, P.220</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Social Trends 9, 1979 Edition, A publication of the Government Statistical Service, P.221</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Social Trends 1977 P.130</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Social Trends 9, 1979 Edition, A publication of the Government Statistical Service, P.222</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Social Trends No. 7, 1976, A publication of the Government Statistical Service, P.224</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Transactions of the Faculty of Actuaries Volume 38 By Faculty of Actuaries in Scotland, 1982, P.82</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Social Trends 9, 1979 Edition, A publication of the Government Statistical Service, P.224</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Social Trends No. 7, 1976, A publication of the Government Statistical Service, P.227</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Social Trends No. 7, 1976, A publication of the Government Statistical Service, P.228</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSataloffSataloff2006" class="citation book cs1">Sataloff, Robert Thayer; Sataloff, Joseph (24 April 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Pg5gUG5CYI8C&q=The%2520National%2520Insurance%2520%28Industrial%2520Injuries%29%2520Act%2520%281965%29%2520had%2520established%2520the%2520principle%2520of%2520payment%2520of%2520industrial%2520injury&pg=PA860"><i>Occupational Hearing Loss, Third Edition</i></a>. CRC Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781420015478" title="Special:BookSources/9781420015478"><bdi>9781420015478</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Occupational+Hearing+Loss%2C+Third+Edition&rft.pub=CRC+Press&rft.date=2006-04-24&rft.isbn=9781420015478&rft.aulast=Sataloff&rft.aufirst=Robert+Thayer&rft.au=Sataloff%2C+Joseph&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DPg5gUG5CYI8C%26q%3DThe%252520National%252520Insurance%252520%2528Industrial%252520Injuries%2529%252520Act%252520%25281965%2529%252520had%252520established%252520the%252520principle%252520of%252520payment%252520of%252520industrial%252520injury%26pg%3DPA860&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALabour+government%2C+1974%E2%80%931979" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCommission_of_the_European_Communities1975" class="citation book cs1">Commission of the European Communities (1975). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aei.pitt.edu/9842/1/9842.pdf"><i>Report on the Development of the Social Situation in the Community in 1974: Addendum to the 'Eighth General Report on the Activities of the European Communities' in accordance with Article 122 of the EEC Treaty</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Brussels / Luxembourg.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Report+on+the+Development+of+the+Social+Situation+in+the+Community+in+1974%3A+Addendum+to+the+%27Eighth+General+Report+on+the+Activities+of+the+European+Communities%27+in+accordance+with+Article+122+of+the+EEC+Treaty&rft.place=Brussels+%2F+Luxembourg&rft.date=1975&rft.au=Commission+of+the+European+Communities&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Faei.pitt.edu%2F9842%2F1%2F9842.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALabour+government%2C+1974%E2%80%931979" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCommission_of_the_European_Communities1976" class="citation book cs1">Commission of the European Communities (1976). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aei.pitt.edu/10250/1/10250.pdf"><i>Report on the Development of the Social Situation in the Communities in 1975: Published in conjunction with the 'Ninth General Report on the Activities of the European Communities' in accordance with Article 122 of the EEC Treaty</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Brussels / Luxembourg.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Report+on+the+Development+of+the+Social+Situation+in+the+Communities+in+1975%3A+Published+in+conjunction+with+the+%27Ninth+General+Report+on+the+Activities+of+the+European+Communities%27+in+accordance+with+Article+122+of+the+EEC+Treaty&rft.place=Brussels+%2F+Luxembourg&rft.date=1976&rft.au=Commission+of+the+European+Communities&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Faei.pitt.edu%2F10250%2F1%2F10250.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALabour+government%2C+1974%E2%80%931979" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSweeting2011" class="citation book cs1">Sweeting, Paul (1 September 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=crkIxzMeaj4C&q=UK+Policyholders+Protection+Act+1975&pg=PA69"><i>Financial Enterprise Risk Management – Paul Sweeting – Google Books</i></a>. Cambridge University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781139501743" title="Special:BookSources/9781139501743"><bdi>9781139501743</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 August</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Financial+Enterprise+Risk+Management+%E2%80%93+Paul+Sweeting+%E2%80%93+Google+Books&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2011-09-01&rft.isbn=9781139501743&rft.aulast=Sweeting&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DcrkIxzMeaj4C%26q%3DUK%2BPolicyholders%2BProtection%2BAct%2B1975%26pg%3DPA69&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALabour+government%2C+1974%E2%80%931979" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBlake2003" class="citation book cs1">Blake, David (1 January 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=fPcEfxQvpD4C&q=Pensioners%27%2520Payments%2520and%2520Social%2520Security%2520Act%252C%25201979&pg=PA16"><i>Pension Schemes and Pension Funds in the United Kingdom</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780199243532" title="Special:BookSources/9780199243532"><bdi>9780199243532</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Pension+Schemes+and+Pension+Funds+in+the+United+Kingdom&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.isbn=9780199243532&rft.aulast=Blake&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DfPcEfxQvpD4C%26q%3DPensioners%2527%252520Payments%252520and%252520Social%252520Security%252520Act%25252C%2525201979%26pg%3DPA16&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALabour+government%2C+1974%E2%80%931979" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1976/71/introduction">"Supplementary Benefits Act 1976"</a>. Legislation.gov.uk<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 December</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Supplementary+Benefits+Act+1976&rft.pub=Legislation.gov.uk&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.legislation.gov.uk%2Fukpga%2F1976%2F71%2Fintroduction&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALabour+government%2C+1974%E2%80%931979" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>British Social Welfare in the Twentieth Century</i>, edited by Robert M. Page and Richard Silburn</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Prime Minister: The Conduct of Policy under Harold Wilson & James Callaghan</i> by Bernard Donoughue</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCardBlundellFreeman2007" class="citation book cs1">Card, David; Blundell, Richard; Freeman, Richard B. (1 December 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Y4PjVdUHNQYC&q=1978+finance+Act+introduced+profit+sharing+schemes&pg=PA112"><i>Seeking a Premier Economy</i></a>. University of Chicago Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780226092904" title="Special:BookSources/9780226092904"><bdi>9780226092904</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 December</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Seeking+a+Premier+Economy&rft.pub=University+of+Chicago+Press&rft.date=2007-12-01&rft.isbn=9780226092904&rft.aulast=Card&rft.aufirst=David&rft.au=Blundell%2C+Richard&rft.au=Freeman%2C+Richard+B.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DY4PjVdUHNQYC%26q%3D1978%2Bfinance%2BAct%2Bintroduced%2Bprofit%2Bsharing%2Bschemes%26pg%3DPA112&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALabour+government%2C+1974%E2%80%931979" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJames2002" class="citation book cs1">James, Simon (11 March 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=J1iKAgAAQBAJ&q=united%2520kingdom%2520child%2520interim%2520benefit%25201976&pg=PA109"><i>British Government: A Reader in Policy Making</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Routledge" title="Routledge">Routledge</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781134829828" title="Special:BookSources/9781134829828"><bdi>9781134829828</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=British+Government%3A+A+Reader+in+Policy+Making&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2002-03-11&rft.isbn=9781134829828&rft.aulast=James&rft.aufirst=Simon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DJ1iKAgAAQBAJ%26q%3Dunited%252520kingdom%252520child%252520interim%252520benefit%2525201976%26pg%3DPA109&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALabour+government%2C+1974%E2%80%931979" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.parliament.uk/historic-hansard/written-answers/1978/jun/13/benefits#S5CV0951P0_19780613_CWA_37">"Benefits"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Hansard" title="Hansard">Parliamentary Debates (Hansard)</a></i>. 13 June 1978<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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International Monetary Fund. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/wagedeterminatio0000brau/page/221">221</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781455257836" title="Special:BookSources/9781455257836"><bdi>9781455257836</bdi></a>. <q>united%20kingdom%201978%20rise%20income%20limit%20school%20meals%20Wage%20Determination%20and%20Incomes%20Policy%20in%20Open%20Economies%20(EPub).</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Wage+Determination+and+Incomes+Policy+in+Open+Economies&rft.pages=221&rft.pub=International+Monetary+Fund&rft.date=1986-09-15&rft.isbn=9781455257836&rft.aulast=Braun&rft.aufirst=Ms+Anne+Romanis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fwagedeterminatio0000brau&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALabour+government%2C+1974%E2%80%931979" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/vote_2005/basics/4393307.stm">"BBC NEWS | UK | UK Politics | The Basics | past_elections | 1974 Oct: Wilson makes it four"</a>. <i>news.bbc.co.uk</i>. 5 April 2005<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 December</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Report+on+Social+Developments+Year+1979&rft.pub=Aei.pitt.edu&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Faei.pitt.edu%2F9816%2F1%2F9816.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALabour+government%2C+1974%E2%80%931979" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Final Term: The Labour Government 1974–1976</i> by Harold Wilson, P.245</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Final Term: The Labour Government 1974–1976</i> by Harold Wilson, P.245-246</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Final Term: The Labour Government 1974–1976</i> by Harold Wilson, P.246</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Final Term: The Labour Government 1974–1976</i> by Harold Wilson, P.247</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Final Term: The Labour Government 1974–1976</i> by Harold Wilson, P.248</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Final Term: The Labour Government 1974–1976</i> by Harold Wilson, P.249</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Final Term: The Labour Government 1974–1976</i> by Harold Wilson, P.250</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=5Z9H6V6O4q4C&q=united%2520kingdom%2520Safety%2520Representative%2520and%2520Safety%2520Committee%2520regulations%25201978&pg=PT30"><i>Health and Safety at Work and Its Relevance to Employment Relations Research</i></a>. Emerald Group Publishing. 1 January 2006. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781845449902" title="Special:BookSources/9781845449902"><bdi>9781845449902</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Health+and+Safety+at+Work+and+Its+Relevance+to+Employment+Relations+Research&rft.pub=Emerald+Group+Publishing&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.isbn=9781845449902&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D5Z9H6V6O4q4C%26q%3Dunited%252520kingdom%252520Safety%252520Representative%252520and%252520Safety%252520Committee%252520regulations%2525201978%26pg%3DPT30&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALabour+government%2C+1974%E2%80%931979" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aei.pitt.edu/10248/1/10248.pdf">"Report on the Development of the Social Situation in the European Community I in 1978"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Aei.pitt.edu<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 December</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Report+on+the+Development+of+the+Social+Situation+in+the+European+Community+I+in+1978&rft.pub=Aei.pitt.edu&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Faei.pitt.edu%2F10248%2F1%2F10248.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALabour+government%2C+1974%E2%80%931979" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFlora1986" class="citation book cs1">Flora, Peter (1986). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=F16VaIYewIEC&q=United+kingdom+rent+control+of+increases+act+1969&pg=PA376"><i>Growth to Limits</i></a>. Walter de Gruyter. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9783110111330" title="Special:BookSources/9783110111330"><bdi>9783110111330</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 December</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Growth+to+Limits&rft.pub=Walter+de+Gruyter&rft.date=1986&rft.isbn=9783110111330&rft.aulast=Flora&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DF16VaIYewIEC%26q%3DUnited%2Bkingdom%2Brent%2Bcontrol%2Bof%2Bincreases%2Bact%2B1969%26pg%3DPA376&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALabour+government%2C+1974%E2%80%931979" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBarrett2003" class="citation book cs1">Barrett, Richard (11 March 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=pMnFocHqrpAC&q=UK%2520Consumer%2520Safety%2520Act%25201978&pg=PT113"><i>Teacher Support Pack Edexcel</i></a>. Nelson Thornes. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780748757466" title="Special:BookSources/9780748757466"><bdi>9780748757466</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Teacher+Support+Pack+Edexcel&rft.pub=Nelson+Thornes&rft.date=2003-03-11&rft.isbn=9780748757466&rft.aulast=Barrett&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DpMnFocHqrpAC%26q%3DUK%252520Consumer%252520Safety%252520Act%2525201978%26pg%3DPT113&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALabour+government%2C+1974%E2%80%931979" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141229161126/http://www.abcul.org/credit-unions/history-world-facts">"The history of credit unions"</a>. Abcul.org. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.abcul.org/credit-unions/history-world-facts">the original</a> on 29 December 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 December</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+history+of+credit+unions&rft.pub=Abcul.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.abcul.org%2Fcredit-unions%2Fhistory-world-facts&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALabour+government%2C+1974%E2%80%931979" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPrice2009" class="citation book cs1">Price, Martin (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=SO37-3HHl6gC&q=UK+credit+union+act+1979&pg=PA24"><i>Social enterprise</i></a>. Fflan. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781905979011" title="Special:BookSources/9781905979011"><bdi>9781905979011</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 December</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Social+enterprise&rft.pub=Fflan&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=9781905979011&rft.aulast=Price&rft.aufirst=Martin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DSO37-3HHl6gC%26q%3DUK%2Bcredit%2Bunion%2Bact%2B1979%26pg%3DPA24&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALabour+government%2C+1974%E2%80%931979" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">David Butler and Dennis Kavanagh, <i>The British General Election of 1979</i> (1980)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">David Loades, ed., <i>Reader's Guide to British History</i> (2003) 1:213-15.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Alan_Sked" title="Alan Sked">Alan Sked</a> and Chris Cook, <i>Post-War Britain: A Political History</i> (4th ed. 1993), p. 324.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Alan_Bailey" title="Alan Bailey">Alan Bailey</a>, <i>Not all 'the bad old days': Revisiting Labour's 1970s industrial strategy</i>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.ippr.org/juncture/not-all-the-bad-old-days-revisiting-labours-1970s-industrial-strategy">https://www.ippr.org/juncture/not-all-the-bad-old-days-revisiting-labours-1970s-industrial-strategy</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Edmund * Dell, <i>The chancellors: a history of the chancellors of the Exchequer, 1945–90</i> (), pp. 304–72.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Labour_government,_1974%E2%80%931979&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <ul><li>Bosanquet, Nick, and Peter Townsend, eds. <i>Labour and Equality: A Fabian Study of Labour in Power, 1974–79</i> (Heinemann, 1980), 312pp.</li> <li>Butler, D., and G. Butler. <i>Twentieth Century British Political Facts 1900–2000</i>.</li> <li>Childs, David. <i>Britain since 1945: A Political History</i> (7th 2012), pp. 190–212.</li> <li>Conroy, Harry. <i>James Callaghan</i> (Haus, 2006).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edmund_Dell" title="Edmund Dell">Dell, Edmund</a>. <i>The chancellors: a history of the chancellors of the Exchequer, 1945–90</i> (HarperCollins, 1997), pp. 400–48.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernard_Donoughue,_Baron_Donoughue" title="Bernard Donoughue, Baron Donoughue">Donoughue, Bernard</a>. <i>Prime Minister: Conduct of Policy Under Harold Wilson and James Callaghan, 1974–79</i> (Jonathan Cape, 1987).</li> <li>Dorey, Peter. "'Should I stay or should I go?’: James Callaghan's decision not to call an autumn 1978 general election." <i>British Politics</i> (2016) 11#1 pp. 95–118. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://link.springer.com/article/10.1057%2Fbp.2015.9">abstract</a></li> <li>Harmon, Mark D. <i>The British Labour government and the 1976 IMF crisis</i> (<a href="/wiki/St._Martin%27s_Press" title="St. Martin's Press">St. Martin's Press</a>, 1997).</li> <li>Hay, Colin. "Chronicles of a death foretold: The winter of discontent and construction of the crisis of British Keynesianism." <i>Parliamentary Affairs</i> (2010) 63#3 pp. 446–470.</li> <li>Hay, Colin. "The winter of discontent thirty years on." <i>The Political Quarterly</i> 80.4 (2009): 545–552.</li> <li>Hayter, Dianne. <i>Fightback!: Labour's Traditional Right in the 1970s and 1980s</i> (<a href="/wiki/Manchester_University_Press" title="Manchester University Press">Manchester University Press</a>, 2005).</li> <li>Heppell, Timothy. <i>Choosing the Labour Leader: Labour Party Leadership Elections from Wilson to Brown</i> (IB Tauris, 2010).</li> <li>Hickson, Kevin, and Anthony Seldon, eds. <i>New Labour, Old Labour: The Wilson and Callaghan Governments 1974–1979</i> (<a href="/wiki/Routledge" title="Routledge">Routledge</a>, 2004).</li> <li>Holmes, Martin. <i>The labour government, 1974–79: political aims and economic reality</i> (Macmillan, 1985).</li> <li>Horn, Geoff. <i>Crossing the floor: Reg Prentice and the crisis of British social democracy</i> (Manchester University Press, 2013).</li> <li>Jones, Tudor. <i>Remaking the Labour Party: From Gaitskell to Blair</i> (Routledge, 2005).</li> <li>Kerr, Hugh. "Labour's Social Policy 1974–79." <i>Critical Social Policy</i> (1981) 1#1 pp. 5–17.</li> <li>Meredith, Stephen. <i>Labours old and new: the parliamentary right of the British Labour Party 1970–79 and the roots of New Labour</i> (<a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>, 2008).</li> <li>Morgan, Kenneth O. <i>Britain since 1945: The People's Peace</i> (2nd ed. 2001), pp. 358–433.</li> <li>Morgan, Kenneth O. <i>Callaghan: A Life</i> (Oxford University Press, 1997).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ben_Pimlott" title="Ben Pimlott">Pimlott, Ben</a>. <i>Harold Wilson</i> (1992), the standard biography.</li> <li>Pryce, Sue. "James Callaghan 1976–9: A Caretaker." in Sue Pryce, <i>Presidentializing the Premiership</i> (Palgrave Macmillan, 1997), pp. 147–162.</li> <li>Rodgers, William. "Government Under Stress. Britain's Winter of Discontent 1979." <i>Political Quarterly</i> (1984) 55#2 pp. 171–179.</li> <li>Rogers, Chris. "From Social Contract to 'Social Contrick': The Depoliticisation of Economic Policy-Making under Harold Wilson, 1974–751." <i>British Journal of Politics & International Relations</i> (2009) 11#4 pp. 634–651. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/4276/1/WRAP_Rogers_100211-from_social_contract_to_social_contrick_bjpir_14-05-2009.pdf">online</a></li> <li>Rosen, Greg. <i>Dictionary of Labour Biography</i> (Politico's Publishing, 2001).</li> <li>Rosen, Greg. <i>Old Labour to New</i> (Politico's Publishing, 2005).</li> <li>Shepherd, John. <i> Crisis? what crisis? : the Callaghan government and the British winter of discontent</i> (Manchester University Press, 2013).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Sked" title="Alan Sked">Sked, Alan</a> and Chris Cook. <i>Post-War Britain: A Political History</i> (4th ed. 1993), pp. 292–312</li> <li>Thomas, James. "'Bound in by history': The Winter of Discontent in British politics, 1979–2004." <i>Media, Culture & Society</i> 29#2 (2007): 263–283.</li> <li>Turner, Alwyn. <i>Crisis? What Crisis?: Britain in the 1970s</i> (2013), pp. 93–204.</li> <li>Wilson, Harold. <i>Final term: the Labour government 1974–1976</i> (<a href="/wiki/Weidenfeld_%26_Nicolson" title="Weidenfeld & Nicolson">Weidenfeld & Nicolson</a> / <a href="/wiki/Michael_Joseph_(publisher)" title="Michael Joseph (publisher)">Michael Joseph Ltd.</a>, 1979).</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090116113657/http://www.psr.keele.ac.uk/table/york/Index.html">"British Cabinet and Government Membership"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.psr.keele.ac.uk/table/york/Index.html">the original</a> on 16 January 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 November</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=British+Cabinet+and+Government+Membership&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.psr.keele.ac.uk%2Ftable%2Fyork%2FIndex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALabour+government%2C+1974%E2%80%931979" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Heath_ministry" title="Heath ministry">Heath ministry</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/List_of_British_governments" title="List of British governments">Government of the United Kingdom</a> </b><br />1974–1979 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/First_Thatcher_ministry" title="First Thatcher ministry">First Thatcher ministry</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output 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dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="British_governments" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:British_ministries" title="Template:British ministries"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:British_ministries" title="Template talk:British ministries"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:British_ministries" title="Special:EditPage/Template:British ministries"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="British_governments" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_British_governments" title="List of British governments">British governments</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Great_Britain" title="Kingdom of Great Britain">Great Britain</a><br />(1707–1801)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Godolphin%E2%80%93Marlborough_ministry" title="Godolphin–Marlborough ministry">Godolphin–Marlborough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harley_ministry" title="Harley ministry">Harley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Townshend_ministry" title="Townshend ministry">Townshend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Stanhope%E2%80%93Sunderland_ministry" title="First Stanhope–Sunderland ministry">Stanhope–Sunderland I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Stanhope%E2%80%93Sunderland_ministry" title="Second Stanhope–Sunderland ministry">Stanhope–Sunderland II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walpole%E2%80%93Townshend_ministry" title="Walpole–Townshend ministry">Walpole–Townshend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walpole_ministry" title="Walpole ministry">Walpole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carteret_ministry" title="Carteret ministry">Carteret</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broad_Bottom_ministry" title="Broad Bottom ministry">Broad Bottom I and II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Short-lived_ministry" title="Short-lived ministry">Short-lived</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Newcastle_ministry" title="First Newcastle ministry">Newcastle I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pitt%E2%80%93Devonshire_ministry" title="Pitt–Devonshire ministry">Pitt–Devonshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1757_caretaker_ministry" title="1757 caretaker ministry">1757 Caretaker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pitt%E2%80%93Newcastle_ministry" title="Pitt–Newcastle ministry">Pitt–Newcastle (Newcastle II)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bute_ministry" title="Bute ministry">Bute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grenville_ministry" title="Grenville ministry">Grenville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Rockingham_ministry" title="First Rockingham ministry">Rockingham I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chatham_ministry" title="Chatham ministry">Chatham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grafton_ministry" title="Grafton ministry">Grafton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_ministry" title="North ministry">North</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Rockingham_ministry" title="Second Rockingham ministry">Rockingham II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shelburne_ministry" title="Shelburne ministry">Shelburne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fox%E2%80%93North_coalition" title="Fox–North coalition">Fox–North (Portland I)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Pitt_ministry" title="First Pitt ministry">Pitt I</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_(2022,_lesser_arms).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="HM Government of the United Kingdom's Royal Coat of Arms"><img alt="HM Government of the United Kingdom's Royal Coat of Arms" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%282022%2C_lesser_arms%29.svg/100px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%282022%2C_lesser_arms%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="88" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%282022%2C_lesser_arms%29.svg/150px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%282022%2C_lesser_arms%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%282022%2C_lesser_arms%29.svg/200px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%282022%2C_lesser_arms%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1552" data-file-height="1366" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_of_Great_Britain_and_Ireland" title="United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland">UK (GB and Ire)</a><br />(1801–1922)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Addington_ministry" title="Addington ministry">Addington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Pitt_ministry" title="Second Pitt ministry">Pitt II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_All_the_Talents" title="Ministry of All the Talents">All the Talents</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Portland_ministry" title="Second Portland ministry">Portland II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perceval_ministry" title="Perceval ministry">Perceval</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liverpool_ministry" title="Liverpool ministry">Liverpool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canningite_government,_1827%E2%80%931828" title="Canningite government, 1827–1828">Canning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canningite_government,_1827%E2%80%931828" title="Canningite government, 1827–1828">Goderich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wellington%E2%80%93Peel_ministry" title="Wellington–Peel ministry">Wellington–Peel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whig_government,_1830%E2%80%931834" title="Whig government, 1830–1834">Grey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whig_government,_1830%E2%80%931834" title="Whig government, 1830–1834">Melbourne I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wellington_caretaker_ministry" title="Wellington caretaker ministry">Wellington Caretaker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Peel_ministry" title="First Peel ministry">Peel I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Melbourne_ministry" title="Second Melbourne ministry">Melbourne II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Peel_ministry" title="Second Peel ministry">Peel II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Russell_ministry" title="First Russell ministry">Russell I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Who%3F_Who%3F_ministry" title="Who? Who? ministry">Who? Who? (Derby–Disraeli I)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aberdeen_ministry" title="Aberdeen ministry">Aberdeen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Palmerston_ministry" title="First Palmerston ministry">Palmerston I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Derby%E2%80%93Disraeli_ministry" title="Second Derby–Disraeli ministry">Derby–Disraeli II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberal_government,_1859%E2%80%931866" title="Liberal government, 1859–1866">Palmerston II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberal_government,_1859%E2%80%931866" title="Liberal government, 1859–1866">Russell II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Derby%E2%80%93Disraeli_ministry" title="Third Derby–Disraeli ministry">Derby–Disraeli III (Disraeli I)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Gladstone_ministry" title="First Gladstone ministry">Gladstone I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Disraeli_ministry" title="Second Disraeli ministry">Disraeli II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Gladstone_ministry" title="Second Gladstone ministry">Gladstone II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Salisbury_ministry" title="First Salisbury ministry">Salisbury I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Gladstone_ministry" title="Third Gladstone ministry">Gladstone III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Salisbury_ministry" title="Second Salisbury ministry">Salisbury II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberal_government,_1892%E2%80%931895" title="Liberal government, 1892–1895">Gladstone IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberal_government,_1892%E2%80%931895" title="Liberal government, 1892–1895">Rosebery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unionist_government,_1895%E2%80%931905" title="Unionist government, 1895–1905">Salisbury III and IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unionist_government,_1895%E2%80%931905" title="Unionist government, 1895–1905">Balfour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberal_government,_1905%E2%80%931915" title="Liberal government, 1905–1915">Campbell-Bannerman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberal_government,_1905%E2%80%931915" title="Liberal government, 1905–1915">Asquith I–III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asquith_coalition_ministry" title="Asquith coalition ministry">Asquith Coalition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lloyd_George_ministry" title="Lloyd George ministry">Lloyd George I and II</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">UK (GB and NI)</a><br />(1922–present)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Conservative_government,_1922%E2%80%931924" title="Conservative government, 1922–1924">Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservative_government,_1922%E2%80%931924" title="Conservative government, 1922–1924">Baldwin I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_MacDonald_ministry" title="First MacDonald ministry">MacDonald I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Baldwin_ministry" title="Second Baldwin ministry">Baldwin II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_MacDonald_ministry" title="Second MacDonald ministry">MacDonald II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Government_(1931)" title="National Government (1931)">National Government I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Government_(1931%E2%80%931935)" title="National Government (1931–1935)">National Government II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Government_(1935%E2%80%931937)" title="National Government (1935–1937)">National Government III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Government_(1937%E2%80%931939)" title="National Government (1937–1939)">National Government IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chamberlain_war_ministry" title="Chamberlain war ministry">Chamberlain War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Churchill_war_ministry" title="Churchill war ministry">Churchill War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Churchill_caretaker_ministry" title="Churchill caretaker ministry">Churchill Caretaker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attlee_ministry" title="Attlee ministry">Attlee I and II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Churchill_ministry" title="Third Churchill ministry">Churchill III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eden_ministry" title="Eden ministry">Eden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservative_government,_1957%E2%80%931964" title="Conservative government, 1957–1964">Macmillan I and II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservative_government,_1957%E2%80%931964" title="Conservative government, 1957–1964">Douglas-Home</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labour_government,_1964%E2%80%931970" title="Labour government, 1964–1970">Wilson I and II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heath_ministry" title="Heath ministry">Heath</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Wilson III and IV</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Callaghan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Thatcher_ministry" title="First Thatcher ministry">Thatcher I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Thatcher_ministry" title="Second Thatcher ministry">Thatcher II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Thatcher_ministry" title="Third Thatcher ministry">Thatcher III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Major_ministry" title="First Major ministry">Major I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Major_ministry" title="Second Major ministry">Major II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Blair_ministry" title="First Blair ministry">Blair I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Blair_ministry" title="Second Blair ministry">Blair II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Blair_ministry" title="Third Blair ministry">Blair III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brown_ministry" title="Brown ministry">Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cameron%E2%80%93Clegg_coalition" title="Cameron–Clegg coalition">Cameron–Clegg (Cameron I)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Cameron_ministry" title="Second Cameron ministry">Cameron II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_May_ministry" title="First May ministry">May I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_May_ministry" title="Second May ministry">May II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Johnson_ministry" title="First Johnson ministry">Johnson I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Johnson_ministry" title="Second Johnson ministry">Johnson II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Truss_ministry" title="Truss ministry">Truss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunak_ministry" title="Sunak ministry">Sunak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Starmer_ministry" title="Starmer ministry">Starmer</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><a href="/wiki/Starmer_ministry" title="Starmer ministry">Current ministry</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Labour_government,_1974–1979&oldid=1258580927">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Labour_government,_1974–1979&oldid=1258580927</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:British_ministries" title="Category:British ministries">British ministries</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:History_of_the_Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Category:History 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