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<span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Plans to extend the coalition</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Plans_to_extend_the_coalition-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Formation_of_the_caretaker_government" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Formation_of_the_caretaker_government"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Formation of the caretaker government</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Formation_of_the_caretaker_government-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Domestic_events_and_policies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Domestic_events_and_policies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Domestic events and policies</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Domestic_events_and_policies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> 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class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Potsdam_Conference" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Potsdam_Conference"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Potsdam Conference</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Potsdam_Conference-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Levant_Crisis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Levant_Crisis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Levant Crisis</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Levant_Crisis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-General_election_and_resignation_of_Churchill" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#General_election_and_resignation_of_Churchill"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>General election and 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held Cabinet membership, 23 May – 26 July 1945</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ministers_who_held_Cabinet_membership,_23_May_–_26_July_1945-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ministers_outside_the_Cabinet" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ministers_outside_the_Cabinet"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Ministers outside the Cabinet</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Ministers_outside_the_Cabinet-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Ministers outside the Cabinet subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Ministers_outside_the_Cabinet-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Government_ministers_who_held_offices_without_Cabinet_membership,_23_May_–_26_July_1945" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Government_ministers_who_held_offices_without_Cabinet_membership,_23_May_–_26_July_1945"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Government ministers who held offices without Cabinet membership, 23 May – 26 July 1945</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Government_ministers_who_held_offices_without_Cabinet_membership,_23_May_–_26_July_1945-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav 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class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Churchill caretaker ministry</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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max-width:30em"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color: #ededed;"><div class="fn org">Churchill caretaker ministry</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="font-weight:bold;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Royal_coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_(HM_Government,_1901-1952).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Royal_coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%28HM_Government%2C_1901-1952%29.svg/50px-Royal_coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%28HM_Government%2C_1901-1952%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Royal_coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%28HM_Government%2C_1901-1952%29.svg/75px-Royal_coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%28HM_Government%2C_1901-1952%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Royal_coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%28HM_Government%2C_1901-1952%29.svg/100px-Royal_coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%28HM_Government%2C_1901-1952%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="402" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="background-color: #efefef; font-weight:bold;">May–July 1945</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sir_Winston_Churchill_-_19086236948.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Sir_Winston_Churchill_-_19086236948.jpg/161px-Sir_Winston_Churchill_-_19086236948.jpg" decoding="async" width="161" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Sir_Winston_Churchill_-_19086236948.jpg/241px-Sir_Winston_Churchill_-_19086236948.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Sir_Winston_Churchill_-_19086236948.jpg/322px-Sir_Winston_Churchill_-_19086236948.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6036" data-file-height="7504" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Churchill, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Roaring_Lion" title="The Roaring Lion">The Roaring Lion</a></i>, 1941</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Date formed</th><td class="infobox-data">23 May 1945<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1945-05-23</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Date dissolved</th><td class="infobox-data">26 July 1945<span style="display:none"> (<span class="dtend itvend">1945-07-26</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #efefef">People and organisations</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Monarch</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/George_VI" title="George VI">George VI</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Prime Minister</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Winston_Churchill" title="Winston Churchill">Winston Churchill</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Prime Minister's history</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Winston_Churchill%27s_first_premiership" title="Timeline of Winston Churchill's first premiership">1940–1945</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Deputy Prime Minister</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="padding-right:0.15em;"><i>None appointed</i></span><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Total <abbr title="number">no.</abbr> of members</th><td class="infobox-data">92 appointments</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Member parties</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative Party</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/National_Liberal_Party_(UK,_1931)" title="National Liberal Party (UK, 1931)">Liberal National Party</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" title="Independent politician">Independents</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Status in legislature</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Majority_government" title="Majority government">Majority</a> <a href="/wiki/Coalition_government" title="Coalition government">(coalition)</a><br />420 / 615<span class="nowrap"> </span>(<span data-sort-value="7001682926829268292♠" style="display:none"></span>68%)<div style="position:relative; width:100px;height:20px;border:1px solid #cccccc;"> <div style="position: absolute; font-weight:bold;width:100px;height:20px;text-align:center;z-index: 10;"></div> <div style="position: absolute; left: 0px; width:62px;height:20px; background-color: #0087DC"></div> <div style="position: absolute; left: 62px; width:5px;height:20px; background-color: #AFEEEE"></div> <div style="position: absolute; left: 68px; width:0px;height:20px; background-color: #cccccc"></div> <p><br /> </p><p><br /> </p><p><br /> </p> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Opposition party</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#E4003B; color:white;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Labour Party</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Opposition leader</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Clement_Attlee" title="Clement Attlee">Clement Attlee</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #efefef">History</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Outgoing election</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/1945_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1945 United Kingdom general election">1945 general election</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Legislature term</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_MPs_elected_in_the_1935_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="List of MPs elected in the 1935 United Kingdom general election">1935–1945</a><span style="display:none" data-plural="0"></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Predecessor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Churchill_war_ministry" title="Churchill war ministry">Churchill war ministry</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Successor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/First_Attlee_ministry" class="mw-redirect" title="First Attlee ministry">First Attlee ministry</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Churchill caretaker ministry</b> was a short-term British government in the latter stages of the <a href="/wiki/Second_World_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Second World War">Second World War</a>, from 23 May to 26 July 1945. The <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Prime Minister of the United Kingdom">prime minister</a> was <a href="/wiki/Winston_Churchill" title="Winston Churchill">Winston Churchill</a>, leader of the <a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative Party</a>. This government succeeded the <a href="/wiki/Churchill_war_ministry" title="Churchill war ministry">national coalition</a> which he had formed after he was first appointed prime minister on 10 May 1940. The coalition had comprised leading members of the Conservative, <a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Labour</a> and <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(UK)" title="Liberal Party (UK)">Liberal</a> parties and it was terminated soon after the <a href="/wiki/Defeat_of_Nazi_Germany" class="mw-redirect" title="Defeat of Nazi Germany">defeat of Nazi Germany</a> because the parties could not agree on whether it should continue until after the <a href="/wiki/Defeat_of_Japan" class="mw-redirect" title="Defeat of Japan">defeat of Japan</a>. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Caretaker_government" title="Caretaker government">caretaker government</a> continued to fight the war against Japan in the Far East but Churchill's focus was on preparation for the <a href="/wiki/Potsdam_Conference" title="Potsdam Conference">Potsdam Conference</a> where he, accompanied by <a href="/wiki/Clement_Attlee" title="Clement Attlee">Clement Attlee</a> and <a href="/wiki/Anthony_Eden" title="Anthony Eden">Anthony Eden</a>, would meet <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Stalin" title="Joseph Stalin">Joseph Stalin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Harry_Truman" class="mw-redirect" title="Harry Truman">Harry Truman</a>. The main concern on the home front, however, was post-war recovery including the need for reform in key areas such as education, health, housing, industry and social welfare. Campaigning mostly on those issues, the parties canvassed for support in the <a href="/wiki/1945_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1945 United Kingdom general election">forthcoming general election</a>, the first held in the UK since 1935. The general election was held on 5 July but, allowing time to collect the large numbers of votes by overseas service personnel, the result was not announced until 26 July and was a <a href="/wiki/Landslide_victory" title="Landslide victory">landslide victory</a> for Labour. Churchill thereupon resigned as prime minister and was succeeded by his erstwhile coalition deputy Attlee, who formed <a href="/wiki/Attlee_ministry" title="Attlee ministry">a Labour government</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Churchill_caretaker_ministry&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/1935_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1935 United Kingdom general election">1935 general election</a> had resulted in a Conservative victory with a substantial majority and <a href="/wiki/Stanley_Baldwin" title="Stanley Baldwin">Stanley Baldwin</a> became prime minister.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJenkins2001485–486_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJenkins2001485–486-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In May 1937, Baldwin retired and was succeeded by <a href="/wiki/Neville_Chamberlain" title="Neville Chamberlain">Neville Chamberlain</a> who continued Baldwin's foreign policy of <a href="/wiki/Appeasement" title="Appeasement">appeasement</a> in the face of German, Italian, and Japanese aggression.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJenkins2001514–515_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJenkins2001514–515-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Having signed the <a href="/wiki/Munich_Agreement" title="Munich Agreement">Munich Agreement</a> with <a href="/wiki/Adolf_Hitler" title="Adolf Hitler">Adolf Hitler</a> in 1938, Chamberlain became alarmed by the dictator's continuing aggression and, in March 1939, signed the <a href="/wiki/Anglo-Polish_military_alliance" class="mw-redirect" title="Anglo-Polish military alliance">Anglo-Polish military alliance</a> which supposedly guaranteed British support for Poland if attacked.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJenkins2001543_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJenkins2001543-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Chamberlain issued the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_declaration_of_war_on_Germany_(1939)" title="United Kingdom declaration of war on Germany (1939)">declaration of war against Nazi Germany</a> on 3 September 1939 and formed a war cabinet which included Winston Churchill (out of office since June 1929) as <a href="/wiki/First_Lord_of_the_Admiralty" title="First Lord of the Admiralty">First Lord of the Admiralty</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJenkins2001551–552_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJenkins2001551–552-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Dissatisfaction with Chamberlain's leadership became widespread in the spring of 1940 after Germany successfully <a href="/wiki/Norwegian_campaign" title="Norwegian campaign">invaded Norway</a>. In response, the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Commons_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="House of Commons of the United Kingdom">House of Commons</a> held the <a href="/wiki/Norway_Debate" title="Norway Debate">Norway Debate</a> from 7 to 9 May. At the end of the second day, the Labour opposition forced a <a href="/wiki/Division_of_the_assembly" title="Division of the assembly">division</a> which was in effect a <a href="/wiki/Motion_of_no_confidence" title="Motion of no confidence">motion of no confidence</a> in Chamberlain. The government's majority of 213 was reduced to 81, still a victory but in the circumstances a shattering blow for Chamberlain.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJenkins2001576–582_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJenkins2001576–582-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Two days later on Friday, 10 May, Germany launched its <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_France#Battle" title="Battle of France">invasion of the Netherlands and Belgium</a>. Chamberlain had been contemplating resignation but then changed his mind because he felt a change of government at such a time would be inappropriate.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJenkins2001583_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJenkins2001583-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Later that day, the Labour Party decided that they could not join a national coalition under Chamberlain's leadership but agreed to do so under a different Conservative prime minister.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJenkins2001586_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJenkins2001586-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Chamberlain now resigned and advised <a href="/wiki/George_VI" title="George VI">the King</a> to appoint Churchill as his successor. Churchill quickly created a coalition government, granting key roles to leading figures in the Labour and Liberal parties.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJenkins2001586_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJenkins2001586-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The coalition held firm despite some critical setbacks and, ultimately, in alliance with the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> and the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>, Britain defeated Nazi Germany.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJenkins2001585_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJenkins2001585-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Plans_to_extend_the_coalition">Plans to extend the coalition</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Churchill_caretaker_ministry&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Plans to extend the coalition"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Winston_Churchill_waves_to_crowds_in_Whitehall_in_London_as_they_celebrate_VE_Day,_8_May_1945._H41849.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Winston_Churchill_waves_to_crowds_in_Whitehall_in_London_as_they_celebrate_VE_Day%2C_8_May_1945._H41849.jpg/220px-Winston_Churchill_waves_to_crowds_in_Whitehall_in_London_as_they_celebrate_VE_Day%2C_8_May_1945._H41849.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="219" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Winston_Churchill_waves_to_crowds_in_Whitehall_in_London_as_they_celebrate_VE_Day%2C_8_May_1945._H41849.jpg/330px-Winston_Churchill_waves_to_crowds_in_Whitehall_in_London_as_they_celebrate_VE_Day%2C_8_May_1945._H41849.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Winston_Churchill_waves_to_crowds_in_Whitehall_in_London_as_they_celebrate_VE_Day%2C_8_May_1945._H41849.jpg/440px-Winston_Churchill_waves_to_crowds_in_Whitehall_in_London_as_they_celebrate_VE_Day%2C_8_May_1945._H41849.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1782" data-file-height="1772" /></a><figcaption>Winston Churchill (<i>c</i>) with <a href="/wiki/Ernest_Bevin" title="Ernest Bevin">Ernest Bevin</a> (<i>r</i>) and <a href="/wiki/Sir_John_Anderson" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir John Anderson">Sir John Anderson</a> (<i>l</i>) waving to the crowds in Whitehall on <a href="/wiki/VE_Day" class="mw-redirect" title="VE Day">VE Day</a>. Anderson joined the caretaker ministry but Bevin and his Labour colleagues did not.</figcaption></figure> <p>In October 1944, Churchill had addressed the House of Commons and moved to extend <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Parliament of the United Kingdom">Parliament</a> by a further year pending the final defeat of Nazi Germany and, if possible, Japan. There had not been a general election since 1935 and Churchill was determined to hold one as soon as hostilities ceased. While he could not accurately predict the end of the war against Japan, he was confident that Germany would be defeated by the summer of 1945 and he told the Commons that "we must look to the termination of the war against Nazism as a pointer which will fix the date of the next general election".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHermiston2016356_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHermiston2016356-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In early April 1945, with victory then imminent in the European theatre of operations, Churchill met his deputy prime minister Clement Attlee, who was the leader of the Labour party, to discuss the future of the coalition. Attlee was due to depart for the United States on 17 April to attend the <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Conference" class="mw-redirect" title="San Francisco Conference">San Francisco Conference</a> on creation of the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a>. Travelling with him were ministers <a href="/wiki/Anthony_Eden" title="Anthony Eden">Anthony Eden</a>, <a href="/wiki/Florence_Horsbrugh" class="mw-redirect" title="Florence Horsbrugh">Florence Horsbrugh</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Ellen_Wilkinson" title="Ellen Wilkinson">Ellen Wilkinson</a>. They would be out of the country until 16 May and Churchill assured Attlee that Parliament would not be dissolved in their absence. After <a href="/wiki/VE_Day" class="mw-redirect" title="VE Day">VE Day</a> on 8 May, Churchill changed his mind about an early election and decided to propose continuation of the coalition until after the defeat of Japan.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHermiston2016356–357_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHermiston2016356–357-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the meantime, however, Labour's <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Morrison" title="Herbert Morrison">Herbert Morrison</a>, home secretary in the coalition, had published a declaration called <i>Let Us Face The Future</i> which was effectively a party manifesto for the election. Several leading Conservatives made speeches in response. The electioneering may have been premature and it subsided after the death of Hitler on 30 April but quickly regathered pace after VE Day.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHermiston2016357_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHermiston2016357-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 11 May, Churchill met Morrison and <a href="/wiki/Ernest_Bevin" title="Ernest Bevin">Ernest Bevin</a>, the coalition's <a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Employment" title="Secretary of State for Employment">Minister of Labour</a>, telling them that he wished to maintain the coalition until Japan had been defeated.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHermiston2016358_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHermiston2016358-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Their view, confirmed by <a href="/wiki/Labour%27s_National_Executive_Committee" class="mw-redirect" title="Labour's National Executive Committee">Labour's National Executive Committee</a> (NEC), was that the general election should be held in October regardless of the situation in the Far East as it was then widely thought the war against Japan might continue for another 18 months.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHermiston2016358_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHermiston2016358-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPelling1980401_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPelling1980401-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With Labour refusing to extend the coalition beyond October, Churchill began receiving calls from his own party to announce an election in June or July – leading Conservatives like <a href="/wiki/Lord_Beaverbrook" class="mw-redirect" title="Lord Beaverbrook">Lord Beaverbrook</a> and <a href="/wiki/Brendan_Bracken" title="Brendan Bracken">Brendan Bracken</a> wanted to cash in on Churchill's personal popularity as "the man who won the war".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHermiston2016356_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHermiston2016356-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Labour, on the other hand, wanted Churchill's popularity to subside and, in addition, Morrison pointed out that a new and more accurate register of voters would be available by October.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPelling1980401_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPelling1980401-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Attlee and Eden returned from the US on 16 May and Attlee met Churchill that evening. While Attlee himself favoured continuation until the defeat of Japan, he was aware that the majority of Labour Party members thought differently.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHermiston2016358_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHermiston2016358-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPelling1980402_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPelling1980402-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Churchill sought a compromise and wrote a letter to the NEC which was amended by Bevin to include a pledge on social reform, but it was not enough. On Sunday, 20 May, the NEC voted for an October election and their resolution was backed overwhelmingly by the conference delegates next day.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHermiston2016359_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHermiston2016359-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPelling1980402_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPelling1980402-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Attlee phoned Churchill with the news and an element of discord arose between the two which was fuelled by Beaverbrook in his newspapers.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHermiston2016360_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHermiston2016360-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Caretaker_Churchill_on_the_Job_(16547321940).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Caretaker_Churchill_on_the_Job_%2816547321940%29.jpg/220px-Caretaker_Churchill_on_the_Job_%2816547321940%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="366" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Caretaker_Churchill_on_the_Job_%2816547321940%29.jpg/330px-Caretaker_Churchill_on_the_Job_%2816547321940%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Caretaker_Churchill_on_the_Job_%2816547321940%29.jpg/440px-Caretaker_Churchill_on_the_Job_%2816547321940%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="601" data-file-height="1000" /></a><figcaption>Contemporary cartoon by <a href="/wiki/John_F._Knott" title="John F. Knott">John F. Knott</a> for <i><a href="/wiki/The_Dallas_Morning_News" title="The Dallas Morning News">The Dallas Morning News</a></i>. It depicts Churchill as the "caretaker on the job" – in reality, Churchill was a keen amateur <a href="/wiki/Bricklayer" title="Bricklayer">bricklayer</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>At noon on Wednesday, 23 May, Churchill tendered his resignation to King George VI.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGilbert1991845–846_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGilbert1991845–846-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He insisted on returning to Downing Street to keep up the pretence that the King had a free choice as to whom to invite to form the next government. He was summoned back to <a href="/wiki/Buckingham_Palace" title="Buckingham Palace">Buckingham Palace</a> at four o'clock and the King asked him to form a new ministry pending the outcome of the general election. Churchill accepted.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGilbert1991846_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGilbert1991846-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoberts2018879_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoberts2018879-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was agreed that Parliament would be dissolved on 15 June and the election would be held on 5 July. With many service personnel out of the country, it was decided that votes would not be counted until 26 July, allowing time to collect the service votes.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHermiston2016360_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHermiston2016360-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Formation_of_the_caretaker_government">Formation of the caretaker government</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Churchill_caretaker_ministry&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Formation of the caretaker government"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Churchill's new government was known as the Caretaker Ministry. It was composed mostly of Conservatives, supplemented by the small <a href="/wiki/National_Liberal_Party_(UK,_1931)" title="National Liberal Party (UK, 1931)">Liberal National Party</a> and some other individuals like <a href="/wiki/Sir_John_Anderson" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir John Anderson">Sir John Anderson</a> who had been associated with that government.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHermiston2016364_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHermiston2016364-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Churchill had completed his Cabinet appointments by the morning of 26 May and drove with his wife <a href="/wiki/Clementine_Churchill" title="Clementine Churchill">Clementine</a> to his <a href="/wiki/Woodford_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Woodford (UK Parliament constituency)">Woodford constituency</a> where he gave his first speech of the election campaign.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGilbert1991846_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGilbert1991846-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He commented on the "caretaker" nickname, saying: "They call us 'the Caretakers'; we condone the title, because it means that we shall take every good care of everything that affects the welfare of Britain and all classes in Britain".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHermiston2016364_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHermiston2016364-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGilbert1991846_19-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGilbert1991846-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Churchill was formally reappointed prime minister by the King on 28 May.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHermiston2016360_17-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHermiston2016360-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Labour and Liberal parties formed the <a href="/wiki/His_Majesty%27s_Most_Loyal_Opposition" title="His Majesty's Most Loyal Opposition">Opposition</a>, except that one Liberal member, <a href="/wiki/Gwilym_Lloyd_George" title="Gwilym Lloyd George">Gwilym Lloyd George</a>, accepted Churchill's invitation to continue as <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Fuel_and_Power" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister of Fuel and Power">Minister of Fuel and Power</a>, the office he had held since 3 June 1942. While Churchill was obliged to replace all the other Labour and Liberal ministers in the coalition, he made no significant changes to the structure of the government. There were just two new posts: a <a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_secretary" title="Parliamentary secretary">Parliamentary secretary</a> (<a href="/wiki/Peter_Thorneycroft" title="Peter Thorneycroft">Peter Thorneycroft</a>) was appointed to the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_War_Transport" title="Ministry of War Transport">Ministry of War Transport</a> and there was an additional <a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_Under-Secretary_of_State_for_Foreign_Affairs" class="mw-redirect" title="Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs">Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs</a> – <a href="/wiki/Simon_Fraser,_15th_Lord_Lovat" title="Simon Fraser, 15th Lord Lovat">Lord Lovat</a> was appointed to share the role with future prime minister <a href="/wiki/Alec_Douglas-Home" title="Alec Douglas-Home">Lord Dunglass</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEButlerButler199417–20_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEButlerButler199417–20-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Domestic_events_and_policies">Domestic events and policies</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Churchill_caretaker_ministry&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Domestic events and policies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Pending the general election, Parliament sat on only fourteen days from 29 May to 15 June during the caretaker ministry. There was some controversy on Thursday, 7 June, when Churchill refused a demand from the House of Commons to reveal all that was discussed at the <a href="/wiki/Yalta_Conference" title="Yalta Conference">Yalta Conference</a>, but said that there were no secret agreements.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELeonard1977500_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELeonard1977500-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A total of 27 <a href="/wiki/Act_of_parliament" title="Act of parliament">Acts</a> received the <a href="/wiki/Royal_assent" title="Royal assent">royal assent</a> on 15 June immediately prior to the <a href="/wiki/Prorogation_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Prorogation in the United Kingdom">prorogation of Parliament</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They all enacted legislation proposed and debated during the term of the wartime ministry, among them the <a href="/wiki/Family_Allowances_Act_1945" title="Family Allowances Act 1945">Family Allowances Act 1945</a> which came into effect on 6 August 1946. This Act is important as the first UK law to provide <a href="/wiki/Child_benefit" title="Child benefit">child benefit</a> and it is seen as a tribute to the work done over thirty years by <a href="/wiki/Eleanor_Rathbone" title="Eleanor Rathbone">Eleanor Rathbone</a> who championed the family allowance cause.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The government was actively involved in monitoring levels of <a href="/wiki/Rationing_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Rationing in the United Kingdom">rationing</a>. Key to this was the <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Food" title="Minister of Food">Ministry of Food</a> under <a href="/wiki/John_Llewellin,_1st_Baron_Llewellin" title="John Llewellin, 1st Baron Llewellin">John Llewellin</a> and his <a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_Secretary_to_the_Ministry_of_Food" title="Parliamentary Secretary to the Ministry of Food">parliamentary secretary</a>, Florence Horsbrugh. A number of changes were actioned on 27 May, three weeks after VE Day, including cuts in the <a href="/wiki/Bacon" title="Bacon">bacon</a> ration from 4<a href="/wiki/Ounce" title="Ounce">oz</a> to 3oz per week, in the <a href="/wiki/Cooking_fat" class="mw-redirect" title="Cooking fat">cooking fat</a> ration from 2oz to 1oz, and a one-eighth cut in the <a href="/wiki/Soap" title="Soap">soap</a> ration, except for babies and young children.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZweiniger-Bargielowska1994_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEZweiniger-Bargielowska1994-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There was good news on 1 June for civilian motorists, though very few people owned private cars in 1945, when the basic <a href="/wiki/Petrol" class="mw-redirect" title="Petrol">petrol</a> ration for civilians was restored. It had been abolished on 1 July 1942 when petrol consumption was restricted to military and industrial use only.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZweiniger-Bargielowska1994_30-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEZweiniger-Bargielowska1994-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There was otherwise very little change with most food products continuing to be rationed as during the war. The same applied to <a href="/wiki/Clothing" title="Clothing">clothing</a> until 1949, and the <a href="/wiki/Utility_Clothing_Scheme" class="mw-redirect" title="Utility Clothing Scheme">Utility Clothing Scheme</a> continued under its "Make Do and Mend" ethos.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZweiniger-Bargielowska1994_30-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEZweiniger-Bargielowska1994-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There was little opportunity within such a short Parliament, and with an election campaign underway, for any effective measures to be brought forward by the caretaker ministry and so, for the most part, they kept a watching brief while trying to convince the electorate that they would get down to the real business after the election. With this in mind, a cornerstone of the Conservative manifesto was implementation of the coalition government's Four-Year Plan.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGilbert1991847_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGilbert1991847-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to <a href="/wiki/Martin_Gilbert" title="Martin Gilbert">Martin Gilbert</a>, Churchill was influenced in this by the views of his daughter <a href="/wiki/Sarah_Churchill_(actress)" title="Sarah Churchill (actress)">Sarah</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGilbert1991847_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGilbert1991847-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Four-Year Plan had been prepared two years earlier by <a href="/wiki/William_Beveridge" title="William Beveridge">William Beveridge</a> and called for the creation of the <a href="/wiki/National_Health_Service" title="National Health Service">National Health Service</a> (NHS) and the welfare state. These measures were also part of the Labour manifesto and Churchill, encouraged by Sarah and others, decided to go further by promising free milk for the under-fives and a housing programme to ensure "homes for all".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGilbert1991847_31-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGilbert1991847-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>d<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="International_events">International events</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Churchill_caretaker_ministry&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: International events"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Continuing_the_war_against_Japan">Continuing the war against Japan</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Churchill_caretaker_ministry&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Continuing the war against Japan"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The war against Japan continued for the duration of the caretaker ministry and <a href="/wiki/Surrender_of_Japan" title="Surrender of Japan">ended on 15 August</a>, three weeks after Churchill's resignation.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Even before the defeat of Germany, Churchill had told the Americans that he wanted the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Navy" title="Royal Navy">Royal Navy</a> to play a prominent role in the defeat of Japan and the liberation of Britain's Asian colonies, especially <a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a>. The Americans were unenthusiastic, suspecting that Churchill's intentions were primarily imperialist. Neither <a href="/wiki/Franklin_Roosevelt" class="mw-redirect" title="Franklin Roosevelt">Franklin Roosevelt</a> nor <a href="/wiki/Harry_Truman" class="mw-redirect" title="Harry Truman">Harry Truman</a> had any intention of helping to sustain the <a href="/wiki/British_Empire" title="British Empire">British Empire</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJenkins2001756_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJenkins2001756-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In their successful <a href="/wiki/Burma_campaign_(1944%E2%80%931945)" title="Burma campaign (1944–1945)">campaigns of 1944 and the early months of 1945</a>, the British Army and its allies had mostly cleared Burma of Japanese forces by May 1945. <a href="/wiki/Rangoon" class="mw-redirect" title="Rangoon">Rangoon</a> had fallen to the Allies on 2 May following the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Elephant_Point" title="Battle of Elephant Point">Battle of Elephant Point</a>. While Churchill hoped for a triumphant re-entry to Singapore,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJenkins2001756_35-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJenkins2001756-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> its recovery was logistically difficult and it remained under Japanese control until 12 September when it was finally recovered, following the Japanese surrender, by British forces in <a href="/wiki/Operation_Tiderace" title="Operation Tiderace">Operation Tiderace</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Potsdam_Conference">Potsdam Conference</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Churchill_caretaker_ministry&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Potsdam Conference"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:President_Truman_(center)_speaks_with_Soviet_Prime_Minister_Josef_Stalin_(at_left)_and_British_Prime_Minister_Winston..._-_NARA_-_198775.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/President_Truman_%28center%29_speaks_with_Soviet_Prime_Minister_Josef_Stalin_%28at_left%29_and_British_Prime_Minister_Winston..._-_NARA_-_198775.jpg/220px-President_Truman_%28center%29_speaks_with_Soviet_Prime_Minister_Josef_Stalin_%28at_left%29_and_British_Prime_Minister_Winston..._-_NARA_-_198775.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="175" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/President_Truman_%28center%29_speaks_with_Soviet_Prime_Minister_Josef_Stalin_%28at_left%29_and_British_Prime_Minister_Winston..._-_NARA_-_198775.jpg/330px-President_Truman_%28center%29_speaks_with_Soviet_Prime_Minister_Josef_Stalin_%28at_left%29_and_British_Prime_Minister_Winston..._-_NARA_-_198775.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/President_Truman_%28center%29_speaks_with_Soviet_Prime_Minister_Josef_Stalin_%28at_left%29_and_British_Prime_Minister_Winston..._-_NARA_-_198775.jpg/440px-President_Truman_%28center%29_speaks_with_Soviet_Prime_Minister_Josef_Stalin_%28at_left%29_and_British_Prime_Minister_Winston..._-_NARA_-_198775.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2926" data-file-height="2332" /></a><figcaption>Churchill at the <a href="/wiki/Potsdam_Conference" title="Potsdam Conference">Potsdam Conference</a>, July 1945, with <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Stalin" title="Joseph Stalin">Joseph Stalin</a> (second left) and <a href="/wiki/Harry_Truman" class="mw-redirect" title="Harry Truman">Harry Truman</a> (centre). Admiral <a href="/wiki/William_D._Leahy" title="William D. Leahy">William Leahy</a> is fourth left.</figcaption></figure> <p>Churchill was United Kingdom's representative at the post-war <a href="/wiki/Potsdam_Conference" title="Potsdam Conference">Potsdam Conference</a> when it opened on 17 July. It was a "Big Three" event with Joseph Stalin representing the Soviet Union and Harry Truman the United States. Ever since the conference was first proposed, Churchill had worried about the countries of eastern Europe, especially Poland, which had been overrun by the <a href="/wiki/Red_Army" title="Red Army">Red Army</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGilbert1991848–849_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGilbert1991848–849-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was accompanied at the sessions not only by Eden as <a href="/wiki/Foreign_Secretary" title="Foreign Secretary">Foreign Secretary</a> but also by Attlee, pending the result of the general election held on 5 July.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPelling1980404_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPelling1980404-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGilbert1991848_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGilbert1991848-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They attended nine sessions in nine days before returning to England for their election counts. After the landslide Labour victory, Attlee returned to <a href="/wiki/Potsdam" title="Potsdam">Potsdam</a> with Ernest Bevin as the new Foreign Secretary and there were a further five days of discussion.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJenkins2001795–796_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJenkins2001795–796-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to Eden, Churchill's performance at Potsdam was "appalling" because he was unprepared and verbose. Eden said Churchill upset the Chinese, exasperated the Americans and was easily led by Stalin, whom he was supposed to be resisting.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJenkins2001796_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJenkins2001796-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This negative version of events is contradicted by Gilbert who describes Churchill's eager involvement in discussions with Stalin and Truman. Their main topics were the successful testing by the Americans of the <a href="/wiki/Manhattan_Project" title="Manhattan Project">atom bomb</a> and the demarcation of a new frontier between Poland and East Germany. Stalin insisted on extending the frontier westward to the <a href="/wiki/Oder" title="Oder">Oder</a> and <a href="/wiki/Western_Neisse" class="mw-redirect" title="Western Neisse">Western Neisse</a> rivers, forming the <a href="/wiki/Oder%E2%80%93Neisse_line" title="Oder–Neisse line">Oder–Neisse line</a> and thus incorporating most of <a href="/wiki/Silesia" title="Silesia">Silesia</a> into Poland. Churchill and Truman opposed this proposal but to no avail. Gilbert does recount that <a href="/wiki/Field_marshal_(United_Kingdom)" title="Field marshal (United Kingdom)">Field Marshal</a> <a href="/wiki/Bernard_Montgomery" title="Bernard Montgomery">Bernard Montgomery</a> was worried about Churchill's health, saying in a letter that Churchill had "put on ten years since I last saw him".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGilbert1991850–854_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGilbert1991850–854-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Levant_Crisis">Levant Crisis</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Churchill_caretaker_ministry&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Levant Crisis"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Earlier, on 31 May, Churchill and Eden had intervened in the so-called <a href="/wiki/Levant_Crisis" title="Levant Crisis">Levant Crisis</a> which had been initiated by French General <a href="/wiki/Charles_de_Gaulle" title="Charles de Gaulle">Charles de Gaulle</a>. Acting as head of the French <a href="/wiki/Provisional_Government_of_the_French_Republic" title="Provisional Government of the French Republic">Provisional Government</a>, de Gaulle had ordered French forces to establish an air base in Syria and a naval base in Lebanon. The action provoked a nationalist outbreak in both countries and France responded with an armed retaliation, leading to many civilian deaths. With the situation escalating out of control, Churchill gave de Gaulle an ultimatum to desist. This was ignored and British forces from neighbouring <a href="/wiki/Emirate_of_Transjordan" title="Emirate of Transjordan">Transjordan</a> were mobilised to restore order. The French, heavily outnumbered, had no option but to return to their bases. A diplomatic row broke out and Churchill reportedly told a colleague that de Gaulle was "a great danger to peace and for Great Britain".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFenby201142–47_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFenby201142–47-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="General_election_and_resignation_of_Churchill">General election and resignation of Churchill</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Churchill_caretaker_ministry&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: General election and resignation of Churchill"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Voters_arriving_at_a_polling_station_in_the_Italian_Hospital,_Queen_Square,_Holborn,_London_to_cast_their_vote_in_the_General_Election_of_1945._D25102.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Voters_arriving_at_a_polling_station_in_the_Italian_Hospital%2C_Queen_Square%2C_Holborn%2C_London_to_cast_their_vote_in_the_General_Election_of_1945._D25102.jpg/220px-Voters_arriving_at_a_polling_station_in_the_Italian_Hospital%2C_Queen_Square%2C_Holborn%2C_London_to_cast_their_vote_in_the_General_Election_of_1945._D25102.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="232" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Voters_arriving_at_a_polling_station_in_the_Italian_Hospital%2C_Queen_Square%2C_Holborn%2C_London_to_cast_their_vote_in_the_General_Election_of_1945._D25102.jpg/330px-Voters_arriving_at_a_polling_station_in_the_Italian_Hospital%2C_Queen_Square%2C_Holborn%2C_London_to_cast_their_vote_in_the_General_Election_of_1945._D25102.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Voters_arriving_at_a_polling_station_in_the_Italian_Hospital%2C_Queen_Square%2C_Holborn%2C_London_to_cast_their_vote_in_the_General_Election_of_1945._D25102.jpg/440px-Voters_arriving_at_a_polling_station_in_the_Italian_Hospital%2C_Queen_Square%2C_Holborn%2C_London_to_cast_their_vote_in_the_General_Election_of_1945._D25102.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1772" data-file-height="1870" /></a><figcaption>Voters in <a href="/wiki/Holborn" title="Holborn">Holborn</a> arriving at their polling station</figcaption></figure> <p>Churchill mishandled the election campaign by resorting to party politics and trying to denigrate Labour.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJenkins2001791–795_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJenkins2001791–795-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 4 June, he committed a serious political gaffe by saying in a radio broadcast that a Labour government would require "some form of Gestapo" to enforce its agenda:<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJenkins2001792_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJenkins2001792-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-PA_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PA-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEToye2010655_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEToye2010655-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>No Socialist Government conducting the entire life and industry of the country could afford to allow free, sharp, or violently-worded expressions of public discontent. They would have to fall back on some form of Gestapo, no doubt very humanely directed in the first instance.</p></blockquote> <p>Gilbert describes the speech's references to socialism as "hostile and injudicious", and it backfired badly.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGilbert199032_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGilbert199032-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Attlee made political capital by saying in his reply broadcast next day: "The voice we heard last night was that of Mr Churchill, but the mind was that of Lord Beaverbrook". <a href="/wiki/Roy_Jenkins" title="Roy Jenkins">Roy Jenkins</a> says this broadcast was "the making of Attlee".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJenkins2001793_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJenkins2001793-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Richard_Toye" title="Richard Toye">Richard Toye</a>, writing in 2010, says the Gestapo speech had retained all of the notoriety it gained at the time of delivery. Many of Churchill's colleagues and supporters were appalled by it, including <a href="/wiki/Leo_Amery" title="Leo Amery">Leo Amery</a> who praised Attlee's "adroit reply to Winston's <a href="/wiki/Rodomontade" title="Rodomontade">rhodomontade</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEToye2010655–656_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEToye2010655–656-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The broadcast impacted the electorate's perception of Churchill as their national leader, causing him to lose credibility. The problem was that a national leader was expected to behave differently to a party leader during an election and Churchill failed to strike the right balance.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEToye2010679–680_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEToye2010679–680-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Nevertheless, although the Gestapo speech created a negative response, Churchill personally retained a very high approval rating in opinion polls and was still expected to win the election.<sup id="cite_ref-PA_46-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PA-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The main reason for his defeat was underlying discontent with, and suspicion of, the Conservative party. There was widespread dissatisfaction with the Conservative-dominated government of the 1930s and, recognising the public mood, Labour ran a very effective campaign which focused on the real issues facing the British people in peacetime – the 1930s had been an era of poverty and mass unemployment, so Labour's manifesto promised full employment, improved housing and the provision of free medical services.<sup id="cite_ref-PA_46-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PA-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These issues were foremost in the minds of the voters and Labour was trusted to resolve them.<sup id="cite_ref-PA_46-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PA-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Churchill's principal theme in the election campaign was always the perils inherent, as he saw them, in socialism, but the Conservatives had to offer an alternative and Churchill stressed to his colleagues that a Conservative government must be constructive.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGilbert1991846–847_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGilbert1991846–847-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He saw the housing shortage as the main issue and announced his commitment to rebuilding in a broadcast on 13 June but, as with the Gestapo speech on 4 June, he ruined the effect by again insisting that Labour would deploy some form of political police to control the nation.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGilbert1991847_31-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGilbert1991847-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 3 July, he called for an intensive effort by his Cabinet colleagues to promote housebuilding<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPelling1980413_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPelling1980413-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and prepare legislation for both national insurance and the NHS, but his concerns in these areas were unknown by the electorate to the extent that, when he addressed an audience in the Labour stronghold of <a href="/wiki/Walthamstow" title="Walthamstow">Walthamstow</a> that evening, he was almost forced to abandon the event because of booing and heckling.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGilbert1991849_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGilbert1991849-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many commentators felt that Churchill's election speeches lacked "<a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/vim" class="extiw" title="wikt:vim">vim</a>" and there is a view that he was much more interested in what was happening in eastern Europe than in the United Kingdom, but eastern Europe was Churchill's primary concern at Potsdam.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGilbert1991847–848_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGilbert1991847–848-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Polling day was on 5 July and, after the agreed delay for collection of the overseas service votes, the results were declared on 26 July.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHermiston2016360_17-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHermiston2016360-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The outcome was a landslide victory for the Labour Party with a Commons majority of 146 over all other parties.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGilbert1991855_56-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGilbert1991855-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Churchill had a constitutional right to remain in office until defeated by a no confidence vote in the House of Commons. He wanted to exercise this right, partly so he could return to Potsdam as prime minister, but instead was persuaded to resign that evening and was succeeded by Attlee.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGilbert1991855_56-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGilbert1991855-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHermiston2016366–367_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHermiston2016366–367-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJenkins2001798–799_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJenkins2001798–799-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPelling1980408_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPelling1980408-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The caretaker ministry's short term of office means that a critical assessment of its performance is difficult but <a href="/wiki/Stuart_Ball" title="Stuart Ball">Stuart Ball</a> credits Churchill as "a good constructor of cabinets" and says that, although the 1945 government is sometimes unfairly dismissed, "it was a sound and capable team".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBall2001328_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBall2001328-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Gilbert points out that the ministry's efforts were overshadowed by the general election in which Churchill himself was the focus of public interest.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGilbert1991849_54-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGilbert1991849-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cabinet">Cabinet</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Churchill_caretaker_ministry&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Cabinet"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>This table lists those ministers who held Cabinet membership in the caretaker ministry.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEButlerButler199417–20_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEButlerButler199417–20-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many retained roles they held in the war ministry and these are marked <i>in situ</i> with the date of their original appointment. For new appointments, their predecessor's name is given. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ministers_who_held_Cabinet_membership,_23_May_–_26_July_1945"><span id="Ministers_who_held_Cabinet_membership.2C_23_May_.E2.80.93_26_July_1945"></span>Ministers who held Cabinet membership, 23 May – 26 July 1945</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Churchill_caretaker_ministry&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Ministers who held Cabinet membership, 23 May – 26 July 1945"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Leopold_Amery_MP.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Leopold_Amery_MP.png/170px-Leopold_Amery_MP.png" decoding="async" width="170" height="226" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Leopold_Amery_MP.png/255px-Leopold_Amery_MP.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Leopold_Amery_MP.png/340px-Leopold_Amery_MP.png 2x" data-file-width="476" data-file-height="634" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Leo_Amery" title="Leo Amery">Leo Amery</a>, <a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_India_and_Burma" class="mw-redirect" title="Secretary of State for India and Burma">Secretary of State for India and Burma</a></figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Harold_Macmillan.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Harold_Macmillan.jpg/169px-Harold_Macmillan.jpg" decoding="async" width="169" height="222" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Harold_Macmillan.jpg/254px-Harold_Macmillan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Harold_Macmillan.jpg/339px-Harold_Macmillan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1173" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Harold_Macmillan" title="Harold Macmillan">Harold Macmillan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Air" title="Secretary of State for Air">Secretary of State for Air</a></figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1st_Earl_of_Woolton_1947.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/1st_Earl_of_Woolton_1947.jpg/170px-1st_Earl_of_Woolton_1947.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="222" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/1st_Earl_of_Woolton_1947.jpg/255px-1st_Earl_of_Woolton_1947.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/1st_Earl_of_Woolton_1947.jpg/340px-1st_Earl_of_Woolton_1947.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1546" data-file-height="2015" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Lord_Woolton" class="mw-redirect" title="Lord Woolton">Lord Woolton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lord_President_of_the_Council" title="Lord President of the Council">Lord President of the Council</a></figcaption></figure> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size:95%; width:80%;"> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" width="25%">Portfolio </th> <th scope="col" width="12.5%">Minister </th> <th scope="col" width="10%" colspan="2">Party </th> <th scope="col" width="27.5%">Notes and citations </th></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="1 !"><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Prime Minister of the United Kingdom">Prime Minister</a></span> and <a href="/wiki/First_Lord_of_the_Treasury" title="First Lord of the Treasury">First Lord of the Treasury</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Churchill !"><a href="/wiki/Winston_Churchill" title="Winston Churchill">Winston Churchill</a></span> </td> <td style="background: #0087DC"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> </td> <td><i>in situ</i> – appointed 10 May 1940; Churchill was also the <a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Defence" title="Secretary of State for Defence">Minister of Defence</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="2 !"><a href="/wiki/Lord_President_of_the_Council" title="Lord President of the Council">Lord President of the Council</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Woolton !"><a href="/wiki/Lord_Woolton" class="mw-redirect" title="Lord Woolton">Lord Woolton</a></span> </td> <td style="background: #cccccc"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/National_Government_(United_Kingdom)" title="National Government (United Kingdom)">National</a> </td> <td>succeeded <a href="/wiki/Clement_Attlee" title="Clement Attlee">Clement Attlee</a>; Woolton was previously <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Reconstruction" title="Minister of Reconstruction">Minister of Reconstruction</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="3 !"><a href="/wiki/Lord_Privy_Seal" title="Lord Privy Seal">Lord Privy Seal</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Beaverbrook !"><a href="/wiki/Lord_Beaverbrook" class="mw-redirect" title="Lord Beaverbrook">Lord Beaverbrook</a></span> </td> <td style="background:#0087DC"> </td> <td>Conservative </td> <td><i>in situ</i> – appointed 24 September 1943 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="4 !"><a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_House_of_Lords" title="Leader of the House of Lords">Leader of the House of Lords</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Cranborne !"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Gascoyne-Cecil,_5th_Marquess_of_Salisbury" title="Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, 5th Marquess of Salisbury">Viscount Cranborne</a></span> </td> <td style="background:#0087DC"> </td> <td>Conservative </td> <td><i>in situ</i> – appointed 21 February 1942; Cranborne was also <a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Dominion_Affairs" title="Secretary of State for Dominion Affairs">Secretary of State for Dominion Affairs</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="5 !"><a href="/wiki/Chancellor_of_the_Exchequer" title="Chancellor of the Exchequer">Chancellor of the Exchequer</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Anderson !"><a href="/wiki/Sir_John_Anderson" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir John Anderson">Sir John Anderson</a></span> </td> <td style="background-color: #cccccc"> </td> <td>National </td> <td><i>in situ</i> – appointed 24 September 1943 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="6 !"><a href="/wiki/Foreign_Secretary" title="Foreign Secretary">Foreign Secretary</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Eden !"><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Eden" title="Anthony Eden">Anthony Eden</a></span> </td> <td style="background:#0087DC"> </td> <td>Conservative </td> <td><i>in situ</i> – appointed 22 December 1940 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="7 !"><a href="/wiki/Home_Secretary" title="Home Secretary">Home Secretary</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Somervell !"><a href="/wiki/Donald_Somervell" class="mw-redirect" title="Donald Somervell">Donald Somervell</a></span> </td> <td style="background:#0087DC"> </td> <td>Conservative </td> <td>succeeded <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Morrison" title="Herbert Morrison">Herbert Morrison</a>; Somervell was previously <a href="/wiki/Attorney_General_for_England_and_Wales" title="Attorney General for England and Wales">Attorney General</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="Admiralty !"><a href="/wiki/First_Lord_of_the_Admiralty" title="First Lord of the Admiralty">First Lord of the Admiralty</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Bracken !"><a href="/wiki/Brendan_Bracken" title="Brendan Bracken">Brendan Bracken</a></span> </td> <td style="background:#0087DC"> </td> <td>Conservative </td> <td>succeeded <a href="/wiki/A._V._Alexander" class="mw-redirect" title="A. V. Alexander">A. V. Alexander</a>; Bracken was previously <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Information_(United_Kingdom)" title="Ministry of Information (United Kingdom)">Minister of Information</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="Agriculture !"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Agriculture,_Fisheries_and_Food" title="Minister of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food">Minister of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Hudson !"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Hudson,_1st_Viscount_Hudson" title="Robert Hudson, 1st Viscount Hudson">Robert Hudson</a></span> </td> <td style="background:#0087DC"> </td> <td>Conservative </td> <td><i>in situ</i> – appointed 14 May 1940 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="Air !"><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Air" title="Secretary of State for Air">Secretary of State for Air</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Macmillan !"><a href="/wiki/Harold_Macmillan" title="Harold Macmillan">Harold Macmillan</a></span> </td> <td style="background:#0087DC"> </td> <td>Conservative </td> <td>succeeded <a href="/wiki/Sir_Archibald_Sinclair" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir Archibald Sinclair">Sir Archibald Sinclair</a>; Macmillan was previously <a href="/wiki/Minister-Resident" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister-Resident">Minister-Resident</a> in North-west Africa </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="Colonies !"><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_the_Colonies" title="Secretary of State for the Colonies">Secretary of State for the Colonies</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Stanley !"><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Stanley" title="Oliver Stanley">Oliver Stanley</a></span> </td> <td style="background:#0087DC"> </td> <td>Conservative </td> <td><i>in situ</i> – appointed 22 November 1942 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="Defence !"><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Defence" title="Secretary of State for Defence">Minister of Defence</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Churchill !"><a href="/wiki/Winston_Churchill" title="Winston Churchill">Winston Churchill</a></span> </td> <td style="background:#0087DC"> </td> <td>Conservative </td> <td><i>in situ</i> – appointed 10 May 1940 in addition to becoming Prime Minister </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="Dominion !"><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Dominion_Affairs" title="Secretary of State for Dominion Affairs">Secretary of State for Dominion Affairs</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Cranborne !"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Gascoyne-Cecil,_5th_Marquess_of_Salisbury" title="Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, 5th Marquess of Salisbury">Viscount Cranborne</a></span> </td> <td style="background:#0087DC"> </td> <td>Conservative </td> <td><i>in situ</i> – appointed 24 September 1943; Cranborne was also <a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_House_of_Lords" title="Leader of the House of Lords">Leader of the House of Lords</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="Education !"><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Education" title="Secretary of State for Education">Minister of Education</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Law !"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Law,_1st_Baron_Coleraine" title="Richard Law, 1st Baron Coleraine">Richard Law</a></span> </td> <td style="background:#0087DC"> </td> <td>Conservative </td> <td>succeeded <a href="/wiki/Rab_Butler" title="Rab Butler">Rab Butler</a>; Law was previously <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_State_for_Foreign_Affairs_(United_Kingdom)" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister of State for Foreign Affairs (United Kingdom)">Minister of State for Foreign Affairs</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="India !"><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_India_and_Burma" class="mw-redirect" title="Secretary of State for India and Burma">Secretary of State for India and Burma</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Amery !"><a href="/wiki/Leo_Amery" title="Leo Amery">Leo Amery</a></span> </td> <td style="background:#0087DC"> </td> <td>Conservative </td> <td><i>in situ</i> – appointed 13 May 1940 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="Labour !"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Labour_and_National_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister of Labour and National Service">Minister of Labour and National Service</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Butler !"><a href="/wiki/Rab_Butler" title="Rab Butler">Rab Butler</a></span> </td> <td style="background:#0087DC"> </td> <td>Conservative </td> <td>succeeded <a href="/wiki/Ernest_Bevin" title="Ernest Bevin">Ernest Bevin</a>; Butler was previously <a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Education" title="Secretary of State for Education">Minister of Education</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="Production !"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Production" title="Minister of Production">Minister of Production</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Lyttelton !"><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Lyttelton" class="mw-redirect" title="Oliver Lyttelton">Oliver Lyttelton</a></span> </td> <td style="background:#0087DC"> </td> <td>Conservative </td> <td><i>in situ</i> – appointed 12 March 1942; Lyttelton was also <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Board_of_Trade" title="President of the Board of Trade">President of the Board of Trade</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="Scotland !"><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Scotland" title="Secretary of State for Scotland">Secretary of State for Scotland</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Rosebery !"><a href="/wiki/Harry_Primrose,_6th_Earl_of_Rosebery" title="Harry Primrose, 6th Earl of Rosebery">Earl of Rosebery</a></span> </td> <td style="background-color: #AFEEEE"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/National_Government_(United_Kingdom)" title="National Government (United Kingdom)">Liberal National</a> </td> <td>succeeded <a href="/wiki/Tom_Johnston_(British_politician)" title="Tom Johnston (British politician)">Tom Johnston</a>; Rosebery was previously a Regional Commissioner for Civil Defence in Scotland </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="Trade !"><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Board_of_Trade" title="President of the Board of Trade">President of the Board of Trade</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Lyttelton !"><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Lyttelton" class="mw-redirect" title="Oliver Lyttelton">Oliver Lyttelton</a></span> </td> <td style="background:#0087DC"> </td> <td>Conservative </td> <td>succeeded <a href="/wiki/Hugh_Dalton" title="Hugh Dalton">Hugh Dalton</a>; Lyttelton was also <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Production" title="Minister of Production">Minister of Production</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="War !"><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_War" title="Secretary of State for War">Secretary of State for War</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Grigg !"><a href="/wiki/Sir_P._J._Grigg" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir P. J. Grigg">Sir P. J. Grigg</a></span> </td> <td style="background:#cccccc"> </td> <td>National </td> <td><i>in situ</i> – appointed 22 February 1942 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ministers_outside_the_Cabinet">Ministers outside the Cabinet</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Churchill_caretaker_ministry&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Ministers outside the Cabinet"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>This table lists those ministers who held non-Cabinet roles in the caretaker ministry.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEButlerButler199417–20_22-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEButlerButler199417–20-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some retained roles they held in the war ministry and these are marked <i>in situ</i> with the date of their original appointment. For new appointments, their predecessor's name is given. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Government_ministers_who_held_offices_without_Cabinet_membership,_23_May_–_26_July_1945"><span id="Government_ministers_who_held_offices_without_Cabinet_membership.2C_23_May_.E2.80.93_26_July_1945"></span>Government ministers who held offices without Cabinet membership, 23 May – 26 July 1945</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Churchill_caretaker_ministry&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Government ministers who held offices without Cabinet membership, 23 May – 26 July 1945"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Thelma_Cazalet.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Thelma_Cazalet.jpg/170px-Thelma_Cazalet.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="234" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Thelma_Cazalet.jpg/255px-Thelma_Cazalet.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Thelma_Cazalet.jpg/340px-Thelma_Cazalet.jpg 2x" data-file-width="581" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Thelma_Cazalet-Keir" title="Thelma Cazalet-Keir">Thelma Cazalet-Keir</a>, <a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_Secretary" class="mw-redirect" title="Parliamentary Secretary">Parliamentary Secretary</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Education_(United_Kingdom)" title="Ministry of Education (United Kingdom)">Ministry of Education</a></figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Harrycrookshank.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Harrycrookshank.jpg/170px-Harrycrookshank.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="235" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Harrycrookshank.jpg/255px-Harrycrookshank.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Harrycrookshank.jpg/340px-Harrycrookshank.jpg 2x" data-file-width="578" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Harry_Crookshank" title="Harry Crookshank">Harry Crookshank</a>, <a href="/wiki/Postmaster_General_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Postmaster General of the United Kingdom">Postmaster General</a></figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Edward_Grigg.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Edward_Grigg.jpg/170px-Edward_Grigg.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="235" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Edward_Grigg.jpg/255px-Edward_Grigg.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Edward_Grigg.jpg/340px-Edward_Grigg.jpg 2x" data-file-width="579" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Edward_Grigg,_1st_Baron_Altrincham" title="Edward Grigg, 1st Baron Altrincham">Sir Edward Grigg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Minister-Resident_for_the_Middle_East" title="Minister-Resident for the Middle East">Minister-Resident for the Middle East</a></figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Leslie_Hore.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Leslie_Hore.jpg/170px-Leslie_Hore.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Leslie_Hore.jpg/255px-Leslie_Hore.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Leslie_Hore.jpg/340px-Leslie_Hore.jpg 2x" data-file-width="599" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Leslie_Hore-Belisha" title="Leslie Hore-Belisha">Leslie Hore-Belisha</a>, <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_National_Insurance" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister of National Insurance">Minister of National Insurance</a></figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Flo_horsbrugh.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flo_horsbrugh.jpg/170px-Flo_horsbrugh.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="232" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flo_horsbrugh.jpg/255px-Flo_horsbrugh.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flo_horsbrugh.jpg/340px-Flo_horsbrugh.jpg 2x" data-file-width="586" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Florence_Horsbrugh" class="mw-redirect" title="Florence Horsbrugh">Florence Horsbrugh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_Secretary_to_the_Ministry_of_Food" title="Parliamentary Secretary to the Ministry of Food">Parliamentary Secretary to the Ministry of Food</a></figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lord_Llewellin.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Lord_Llewellin.jpg/170px-Lord_Llewellin.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="221" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Lord_Llewellin.jpg/255px-Lord_Llewellin.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Lord_Llewellin.jpg/340px-Lord_Llewellin.jpg 2x" data-file-width="616" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/John_Llewellin,_1st_Baron_Llewellin" title="John Llewellin, 1st Baron Llewellin">John Llewellin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Food" title="Minister of Food">Minister of Food</a></figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Baron_Salter.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Baron_Salter.jpg/170px-Baron_Salter.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Baron_Salter.jpg/255px-Baron_Salter.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Baron_Salter.jpg/340px-Baron_Salter.jpg 2x" data-file-width="605" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Salter,_1st_Baron_Salter" title="Arthur Salter, 1st Baron Salter">Sir Arthur Salter</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chancellor_of_the_Duchy_of_Lancaster" title="Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster">Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster</a></figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Viscount_Simon.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Viscount_Simon.jpg/170px-Viscount_Simon.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Viscount_Simon.jpg/255px-Viscount_Simon.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Viscount_Simon.jpg/340px-Viscount_Simon.jpg 2x" data-file-width="541" data-file-height="721" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/John_Simon,_1st_Viscount_Simon" title="John Simon, 1st Viscount Simon">John Simon, 1st Viscount Simon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lord_Chancellor" title="Lord Chancellor">Lord Chancellor</a></figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sir_Spencer_Summers.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Sir_Spencer_Summers.jpg/170px-Sir_Spencer_Summers.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="231" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Sir_Spencer_Summers.jpg/255px-Sir_Spencer_Summers.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Sir_Spencer_Summers.jpg/340px-Sir_Spencer_Summers.jpg 2x" data-file-width="590" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Spencer_Summers" title="Spencer Summers">Spencer Summers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Secretary_for_Overseas_Trade" title="Secretary for Overseas Trade">Secretary for Overseas Trade</a></figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Peter_Thorneycroft_cropped.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7d/Peter_Thorneycroft_cropped.png" decoding="async" width="152" height="190" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="152" data-file-height="190" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Peter_Thorneycroft" title="Peter Thorneycroft">Peter Thorneycroft</a>, Parliamentary Secretary to the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_War_Transport" title="Ministry of War Transport">Ministry of War Transport</a></figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sir_Walter_Womersley.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Sir_Walter_Womersley.jpg/170px-Sir_Walter_Womersley.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="221" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Sir_Walter_Womersley.jpg/255px-Sir_Walter_Womersley.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Sir_Walter_Womersley.jpg/340px-Sir_Walter_Womersley.jpg 2x" data-file-width="614" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Walter_Womersley" title="Walter Womersley">Sir Walter Womersley</a>, <a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Pensions" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister for Pensions">Minister for Pensions</a></figcaption></figure> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size:95%; width:80%;"> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" width="30%">Portfolio </th> <th scope="col" width="20%">Minister </th> <th scope="col" width="15%" colspan="2">Party </th> <th scope="col" width="35%">Notes and citations </th></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="1 !"><a href="/wiki/Lord_Chancellor" title="Lord Chancellor">Lord Chancellor</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Simon !"><a href="/wiki/John_Simon,_1st_Viscount_Simon" title="John Simon, 1st Viscount Simon">Viscount Simon</a></span> </td> <td style="background: #AFEEEE"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/National_Liberal_Party_(UK,_1931)" title="National Liberal Party (UK, 1931)">Liberal National</a> </td> <td><i>in situ</i> – appointed 10 May 1940 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="2 !"><a href="/wiki/Chancellor_of_the_Duchy_of_Lancaster" title="Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster">Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Salter !"><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Salter,_1st_Baron_Salter" title="Arthur Salter, 1st Baron Salter">Sir Arthur Salter</a></span> </td> <td style="background: #DCDCDC"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" title="Independent politician">Independent</a> </td> <td>succeeded <a href="/wiki/Ernest_Brown_(British_politician)" title="Ernest Brown (British politician)">Ernest Brown</a>; Salter was previously <a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_Secretary" class="mw-redirect" title="Parliamentary Secretary">Parliamentary Secretary</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Shipping" title="Minister of Shipping">Ministry of Shipping</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="3 !"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Aircraft_Production" title="Minister of Aircraft Production">Minister of Aircraft Production</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Brown !"><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Brown_(British_politician)" title="Ernest Brown (British politician)">Ernest Brown</a></span> </td> <td style="background: #AFEEEE"> </td> <td>Liberal National </td> <td>succeeded <a href="/wiki/Sir_Stafford_Cripps" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir Stafford Cripps">Sir Stafford Cripps</a>; Brown was previously <a href="/wiki/Chancellor_of_the_Duchy_of_Lancaster" title="Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster">Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="4 !"><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Transport" title="Secretary of State for Transport">Minister of Civil Aviation</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Swinton !"><a href="/wiki/Philip_Cunliffe-Lister,_1st_Viscount_Swinton" class="mw-redirect" title="Philip Cunliffe-Lister, 1st Viscount Swinton">Viscount Swinton</a></span> </td> <td style="background: #0087DC"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> </td> <td><i>in situ</i> – appointed 8 October 1944 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="5 !"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Food" title="Minister of Food">Minister of Food</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Llewellin !"><a href="/wiki/John_Llewellin,_1st_Baron_Llewellin" title="John Llewellin, 1st Baron Llewellin">John Llewellin</a></span> </td> <td style="background: #0087DC"> </td> <td>Conservative </td> <td><i>in situ</i> – appointed 11 November 1943 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="6 !"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Fuel_and_Power" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister of Fuel and Power">Minister of Fuel and Power</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Lloyd George !"><a href="/wiki/Gwilym_Lloyd_George" title="Gwilym Lloyd George">Gwilym Lloyd George</a></span> </td> <td style="background: #FFD700"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(UK)" title="Liberal Party (UK)">Liberal</a> </td> <td><i>in situ</i> – appointed 3 June 1942 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="7 !"><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Health" class="mw-redirect" title="Secretary of State for Health">Minister of Health</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Willink !"><a href="/wiki/Henry_Willink" title="Henry Willink">Henry Willink</a></span> </td> <td style="background: #0087DC"> </td> <td>Conservative </td> <td><i>in situ</i> – appointed 11 November 1943 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="8 !"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Information" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister of Information">Minister of Information</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Lloyd !"><a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_Lloyd,_Baron_Geoffrey-Lloyd" title="Geoffrey Lloyd, Baron Geoffrey-Lloyd">Geoffrey Lloyd</a></span> </td> <td style="background: #0087DC"> </td> <td>Conservative </td> <td>succeeded <a href="/wiki/Brendan_Bracken" title="Brendan Bracken">Brendan Bracken</a>; Lloyd was previously Parliamentary Secretary to the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Fuel_and_Power" class="mw-redirect" title="Ministry of Fuel and Power">Ministry of Fuel and Power</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="9 !"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_National_Insurance" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister of National Insurance">Minister of National Insurance</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Hore-Belisha !"><a href="/wiki/Leslie_Hore-Belisha" title="Leslie Hore-Belisha">Leslie Hore-Belisha</a></span> </td> <td style="background: #cccccc"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/National_Government_(United_Kingdom)" title="National Government (United Kingdom)">National</a> </td> <td>succeeded <a href="/wiki/William_Jowitt,_1st_Earl_Jowitt" title="William Jowitt, 1st Earl Jowitt">Sir William Jowitt</a>; Hore-Belisha had been a backbench MP since 1940 when he resigned as <a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_War" title="Secretary of State for War">Secretary of State for War</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="10 !"><a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Pensions" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister for Pensions">Minister for Pensions</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Womersley !"><a href="/wiki/Sir_Walter_Womersley,_1st_Baronet" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir Walter Womersley, 1st Baronet">Sir Walter Womersley</a></span> </td> <td style="background: #0087DC"> </td> <td>Conservative </td> <td><i>in situ</i> – appointed 7 June 1939 by <a href="/wiki/Neville_Chamberlain" title="Neville Chamberlain">Neville Chamberlain</a>; Womersley was the only minister to hold the same office throughout the war until the 1945 general election </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="11 !"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Supply" title="Minister of Supply">Minister of Supply</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Duncan !"><a href="/wiki/Sir_Andrew_Duncan" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir Andrew Duncan">Sir Andrew Duncan</a></span> </td> <td style="background: #cccccc"> </td> <td>National </td> <td><i>in situ</i> – appointed 4 February 1942 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="12 !"><a href="/wiki/Town_and_country_planning_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Town and country planning in the United Kingdom">Minister of Town and Country Planning</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Morrison !"><a href="/wiki/William_Morrison,_1st_Viscount_Dunrossil" title="William Morrison, 1st Viscount Dunrossil">William Morrison</a></span> </td> <td style="background: #0087DC"> </td> <td>Conservative </td> <td><i>in situ</i> – appointed 30 December 1942 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="13 !"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_War_Transport" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister of War Transport">Minister of War Transport</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Leathers !"><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Leathers,_1st_Baron_Leathers" class="mw-redirect" title="Frederick Leathers, 1st Baron Leathers">Lord Leathers</a></span> </td> <td style="background: #0087DC"> </td> <td>Conservative </td> <td><i>in situ</i> – appointed 1 May 1941 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="14 !"><a href="/wiki/First_Commissioner_of_Works" title="First Commissioner of Works">Minister of Works</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Sandys !"><a href="/wiki/Duncan_Sandys" title="Duncan Sandys">Duncan Sandys</a></span> </td> <td style="background: #0087DC"> </td> <td>Conservative </td> <td><i>in situ</i> – appointed 21 November 1944 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="15 !"><a href="/wiki/Attorney_General_for_England_and_Wales" title="Attorney General for England and Wales">Attorney General</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Fyfe !"><a href="/wiki/David_Maxwell_Fyfe,_1st_Earl_of_Kilmuir" title="David Maxwell Fyfe, 1st Earl of Kilmuir">Sir David Maxwell Fyfe</a></span> </td> <td style="background: #0087DC"> </td> <td>Conservative </td> <td>succeeded <a href="/wiki/Donald_Somervell,_Baron_Somervell_of_Harrow" title="Donald Somervell, Baron Somervell of Harrow">Sir Donald Somervell</a>; Fyfe was previously <a href="/wiki/Solicitor_General_for_England_and_Wales" title="Solicitor General for England and Wales">Solicitor General</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="16 !"><a href="/wiki/Solicitor_General_for_England_and_Wales" title="Solicitor General for England and Wales">Solicitor General</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Monckton !"><a href="/wiki/Walter_Monckton,_1st_Viscount_Monckton_of_Brenchley" class="mw-redirect" title="Walter Monckton, 1st Viscount Monckton of Brenchley">Sir Walter Monckton</a></span> </td> <td style="background: #cccccc"> </td> <td>National </td> <td>succeeded <a href="/wiki/David_Maxwell_Fyfe,_1st_Earl_of_Kilmuir" title="David Maxwell Fyfe, 1st Earl of Kilmuir">Sir David Maxwell Fyfe</a>; a qualified legal advisor, Monckton was new to political office </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="17 !"><a href="/wiki/Solicitor_General_for_Scotland" title="Solicitor General for Scotland">Solicitor General for Scotland</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="King Murray !"><a href="/wiki/David_King_Murray,_Lord_Birnam" title="David King Murray, Lord Birnam">Sir David King Murray</a></span> </td> <td style="background: #0087DC"> </td> <td>Conservative </td> <td><i>in situ</i> – appointed 5 June 1941 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="18 !"><a href="/wiki/Lord_Advocate" title="Lord Advocate">Lord Advocate</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Reid !"><a href="/wiki/James_Reid,_Baron_Reid" title="James Reid, Baron Reid">James Reid</a></span> </td> <td style="background: #0087DC"> </td> <td>Conservative </td> <td><i>in situ</i> – appointed 5 June 1941 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="19 !"><a href="/wiki/Paymaster_General" title="Paymaster General">Paymaster General</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Cherwell !"><a href="/wiki/Lord_Cherwell" class="mw-redirect" title="Lord Cherwell">Lord Cherwell</a></span> </td> <td style="background: #0087DC"> </td> <td>Conservative </td> <td><i>in situ</i> – appointed 30 December 1942 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="20 !"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_Postmaster_General" class="mw-redirect" title="United Kingdom Postmaster General">Postmaster General</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Crookshank !"><a href="/wiki/Harry_Crookshank" title="Harry Crookshank">Harry Crookshank</a></span> </td> <td style="background: #0087DC"> </td> <td>Conservative </td> <td><i>in situ</i> – appointed 7 February 1943 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="21 !"><a href="/wiki/Assistant_Postmaster-General" title="Assistant Postmaster-General">Assistant Postmaster-General</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Anstruther-Gray !"><a href="/wiki/William_Anstruther-Gray,_Baron_Kilmany" title="William Anstruther-Gray, Baron Kilmany">William Anstruther-Gray</a></span> </td> <td style="background: #0087DC"> </td> <td>Conservative </td> <td>succeeded <a href="/wiki/Robert_Grimston,_1st_Baron_Grimston_of_Westbury" title="Robert Grimston, 1st Baron Grimston of Westbury">Robert Grimston</a>; an MP since 1931, Anstruther-Gray served in the <a href="/wiki/Coldstream_Guards" title="Coldstream Guards">Coldstream Guards</a> from 1939 to May 1945 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="22 !"><a href="/wiki/Minister-Resident_for_the_Middle_East" title="Minister-Resident for the Middle East">Minister-Resident for the Middle East</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Grigg !"><a href="/wiki/Edward_Grigg,_1st_Baron_Altrincham" title="Edward Grigg, 1st Baron Altrincham">Sir Edward Grigg</a></span> </td> <td style="background: #cccccc"> </td> <td>National </td> <td><i>in situ</i> – appointed 21 November 1944; this ministry was terminated by the Attlee government </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="23 !"><a href="/wiki/Minister-Resident" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister-Resident">Minister-Resident</a> for West Africa</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Balfour !"><a href="/wiki/Harold_Balfour" class="mw-redirect" title="Harold Balfour">Harold Balfour</a></span> </td> <td style="background: #0087DC"> </td> <td>Conservative </td> <td><i>in situ</i> – appointed 21 November 1944; this ministry was terminated by the Attlee government </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="24 !"><a href="/wiki/Financial_Secretary_to_the_Admiralty" class="mw-redirect" title="Financial Secretary to the Admiralty">Financial Secretary to the Admiralty</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Thomas !"><a href="/wiki/James_Thomas,_1st_Viscount_Cilcennin" title="James Thomas, 1st Viscount Cilcennin">James Thomas</a></span> </td> <td style="background: #0087DC"> </td> <td>Conservative </td> <td><i>in situ</i> – appointed 25 September 1943 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="25 !"><a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_and_Financial_Secretary_to_the_Admiralty" title="Parliamentary and Financial Secretary to the Admiralty">Parliamentary and Financial Secretary to the Admiralty</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Warrender !"><a href="/wiki/Victor_Warrender,_1st_Baron_Bruntisfield" title="Victor Warrender, 1st Baron Bruntisfield">Sir Victor Warrender, Bt</a></span> </td> <td style="background: #0087DC"> </td> <td>Conservative </td> <td><i>in situ</i> – appointed 17 May 1940 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="26 !"><a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_Secretary_to_the_Ministry_of_Agriculture_and_Fisheries" class="mw-redirect" title="Parliamentary Secretary to the Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries">Parliamentary Secretary to the Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Scott !"><a href="/wiki/Donald_Scott_(politician)" title="Donald Scott (politician)">Donald Scott</a></span> </td> <td style="background: #0087DC"> </td> <td>Conservative </td> <td>succeeded <a href="/wiki/Tom_Williams,_Baron_Williams_of_Barnburgh" title="Tom Williams, Baron Williams of Barnburgh">Tom Williams</a>; Scott was previously a backbench MP; position held jointly with the <a href="/wiki/Bernard_Fitzalan-Howard,_16th_Duke_of_Norfolk" title="Bernard Fitzalan-Howard, 16th Duke of Norfolk">Duke of Norfolk</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="27 !"><a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_Secretary_to_the_Ministry_of_Agriculture_and_Fisheries" class="mw-redirect" title="Parliamentary Secretary to the Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries">Parliamentary Secretary to the Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Norfolk !"><a href="/wiki/Bernard_Fitzalan-Howard,_16th_Duke_of_Norfolk" title="Bernard Fitzalan-Howard, 16th Duke of Norfolk">Duke of Norfolk</a></span> </td> <td style="background: #0087DC"> </td> <td>Conservative </td> <td><i>in situ</i> – appointed 8 February 1941; position held jointly with <a href="/wiki/Donald_Scott_(politician)" title="Donald Scott (politician)">Donald Scott</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="28 !"><a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_Secretary" class="mw-redirect" title="Parliamentary Secretary">Parliamentary Secretary</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Aircraft_Production" class="mw-redirect" title="Ministry of Aircraft Production">Ministry of Aircraft Production</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Lennox-Boyd !"><a href="/wiki/Alan_Lennox-Boyd" class="mw-redirect" title="Alan Lennox-Boyd">Alan Lennox-Boyd</a></span> </td> <td style="background: #0087DC"> </td> <td>Conservative </td> <td><i>in situ</i> – appointed 11 November 1943 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="29 !"><a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_Secretary_to_the_Board_of_Trade" title="Parliamentary Secretary to the Board of Trade">Parliamentary Secretary to the Board of Trade</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Waterhouse !"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Waterhouse_(British_politician)" title="Charles Waterhouse (British politician)">Charles Waterhouse</a></span> </td> <td style="background: #0087DC"> </td> <td>Conservative </td> <td><i>in situ</i> – appointed 8 February 1941 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="30 !"><a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_Secretary" class="mw-redirect" title="Parliamentary Secretary">Parliamentary Secretary</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Civil_Aviation_(United_Kingdom)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ministry of Civil Aviation (United Kingdom)">Ministry of Civil Aviation</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Perkins !"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Perkins_(MP)" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert Perkins (MP)">Robert Perkins</a></span> </td> <td style="background: #0087DC"> </td> <td>Conservative </td> <td><i>in situ</i> – appointed 22 March 1945 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="31 !"><a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_Secretary" class="mw-redirect" title="Parliamentary Secretary">Parliamentary Secretary</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Education" class="mw-redirect" title="Ministry of Education">Ministry of Education</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Cazalet-Keir !"><a href="/wiki/Thelma_Cazalet-Keir" title="Thelma Cazalet-Keir">Thelma Cazalet-Keir</a></span> </td> <td style="background: #0087DC"> </td> <td>Conservative </td> <td>succeeded <a href="/wiki/James_Chuter_Ede" title="James Chuter Ede">James Chuter Ede</a>; Cazalet-Keir was previously a backbench MP </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="32 !"><a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_Secretary_to_the_Ministry_of_Food" title="Parliamentary Secretary to the Ministry of Food">Parliamentary Secretary to the Ministry of Food</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Horsbrugh !"><a href="/wiki/Florence_Horsbrugh" class="mw-redirect" title="Florence Horsbrugh">Florence Horsbrugh</a></span> </td> <td style="background: #0087DC"> </td> <td>Conservative </td> <td>succeeded <a href="/wiki/William_Mabane" class="mw-redirect" title="William Mabane">William Mabane</a>; Horsbrugh was previously <a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_Secretary_to_the_Ministry_of_Health" title="Parliamentary Secretary to the Ministry of Health">Parliamentary Secretary to the Ministry of Health</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="33 !"><a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_Secretary" class="mw-redirect" title="Parliamentary Secretary">Parliamentary Secretary</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Fuel_and_Power" class="mw-redirect" title="Ministry of Fuel and Power">Ministry of Fuel and Power</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Hudson !"><a href="/wiki/Sir_Austin_Hudson,_1st_Baronet" title="Sir Austin Hudson, 1st Baronet">Sir Austin Hudson, Bt</a></span> </td> <td style="background: #0087DC"> </td> <td>Conservative </td> <td>succeeded <a href="/wiki/Tom_Smith_(British_politician)" title="Tom Smith (British politician)">Tom Smith</a>; Hudson was previously a backbench MP </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="34 !"><a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_Secretary_to_the_Ministry_of_Health" title="Parliamentary Secretary to the Ministry of Health">Parliamentary Secretary to the Ministry of Health</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Kerr !"><a href="/wiki/Hamilton_Kerr" title="Hamilton Kerr">Hamilton Kerr</a></span> </td> <td style="background: #0087DC"> </td> <td>Conservative </td> <td>succeeded <a href="/wiki/Florence_Horsbrugh" class="mw-redirect" title="Florence Horsbrugh">Florence Horsbrugh</a>; Kerr was previously a backbench MP who served in the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Air_Force" title="Royal Air Force">Royal Air Force</a> from 1939 to May 1945 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="35 !"><a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_Secretary_for_India_and_Burma" class="mw-redirect" title="Parliamentary Secretary for India and Burma">Parliamentary Secretary for India and Burma</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Scarbrough !"><a href="/wiki/Roger_Lumley,_11th_Earl_of_Scarbrough" title="Roger Lumley, 11th Earl of Scarbrough">Earl of Scarbrough</a></span> </td> <td style="background: #0087DC"> </td> <td>Conservative </td> <td>succeeded the <a href="/wiki/William_Hare,_5th_Earl_of_Listowel" title="William Hare, 5th Earl of Listowel">Earl of Listowel</a>; Scarbrough was a former MP who served in the Army during World War II </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="36 !"><a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_Secretary_to_the_Ministry_of_Labour" title="Parliamentary Secretary to the Ministry of Labour">Parliamentary Secretary to the Ministry of Labour</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="McCorquodale !"><a href="/wiki/Malcolm_McCorquodale" class="mw-redirect" title="Malcolm McCorquodale">Malcolm McCorquodale</a></span> </td> <td style="background: #0087DC"> </td> <td>Conservative </td> <td><i>in situ</i> – appointed 4 February 1942 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="37 !"><a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_Secretary" class="mw-redirect" title="Parliamentary Secretary">Parliamentary Secretary</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_National_Insurance" class="mw-redirect" title="Ministry of National Insurance">Ministry of National Insurance</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Peat !"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Peat" title="Charles Peat">Charles Peat</a></span> </td> <td style="background: #0087DC"> </td> <td>Conservative </td> <td><i>in situ</i> – appointed 22 March 1945 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="38 !"><a href="/wiki/Secretary_for_Overseas_Trade" title="Secretary for Overseas Trade">Secretary for Overseas Trade</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Summers !"><a href="/wiki/Spencer_Summers" title="Spencer Summers">Spencer Summers</a></span> </td> <td style="background: #0087DC"> </td> <td>Conservative </td> <td>succeeded <a href="/wiki/Harcourt_Johnstone" title="Harcourt Johnstone">Harcourt Johnstone</a>; Summers was previously the Director-General of Regional Organisation at the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Supply" title="Ministry of Supply">Ministry of Supply</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="39 !"><a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_Secretary_to_the_Ministry_of_Pensions" class="mw-redirect" title="Parliamentary Secretary to the Ministry of Pensions">Parliamentary Secretary to the Ministry of Pensions</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Sidney !"><a href="/wiki/William_Sidney" class="mw-redirect" title="William Sidney">William Sidney</a></span> </td> <td style="background: #0087DC"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> </td> <td>succeeded <a href="/wiki/Wilfred_Paling" title="Wilfred Paling">Wilfred Paling</a>; Sidney was previously an army officer who first entered Parliament in October 1944 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="40 !"><a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_Secretary" class="mw-redirect" title="Parliamentary Secretary">Parliamentary Secretary</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Production" title="Ministry of Production">Ministry of Production</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Maclay !"><a href="/wiki/John_Maclay" class="mw-redirect" title="John Maclay">John Maclay</a></span> </td> <td style="background: #AFEEEE"> </td> <td>Liberal National </td> <td>succeeded <a href="/wiki/George_Garro-Jones" class="mw-redirect" title="George Garro-Jones">George Garro-Jones</a>; Maclay was previously head of the British Merchant Shipping Mission to Washington, DC </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="41 !"><a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_Secretary" class="mw-redirect" title="Parliamentary Secretary">Parliamentary Secretary</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Supply" title="Ministry of Supply">Ministry of Supply</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Grimston !"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Grimston,_1st_Baron_Grimston_of_Westbury" title="Robert Grimston, 1st Baron Grimston of Westbury">Robert Grimston</a></span> </td> <td style="background: #0087DC"> </td> <td>Conservative </td> <td>succeeded <a href="/wiki/James_de_Rothschild_(politician)" title="James de Rothschild (politician)">James de Rothschild</a>; Grimston was previously <a href="/wiki/Assistant_Postmaster-General" title="Assistant Postmaster-General">Assistant Postmaster-General</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="42 !"><a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_Secretary" class="mw-redirect" title="Parliamentary Secretary">Parliamentary Secretary</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Town_and_country_planning_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Town and country planning in the United Kingdom">Ministry of Town and Country Planning</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Tree !"><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Tree_(politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ronald Tree (politician)">Ronald Tree</a></span> </td> <td style="background: #0087DC"> </td> <td>Conservative </td> <td>succeeded <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Jenkins_(British_politician)" title="Arthur Jenkins (British politician)">Arthur Jenkins</a>; Tree was previously a backbench MP </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="43 !"><a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_Secretary" class="mw-redirect" title="Parliamentary Secretary">Parliamentary Secretary</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_War_Transport" title="Ministry of War Transport">Ministry of War Transport</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Thorneycroft !"><a href="/wiki/Peter_Thorneycroft" title="Peter Thorneycroft">Peter Thorneycroft</a></span> </td> <td style="background: #0087DC"> </td> <td>Conservative </td> <td>no immediate predecessor; Thorneycroft was previously a backbench MP who served in the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Artillery" title="Royal Artillery">Royal Artillery</a> through the war </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="44 !"><a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_Secretary" class="mw-redirect" title="Parliamentary Secretary">Parliamentary Secretary</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Works_(United_Kingdom)" title="Ministry of Works (United Kingdom)">Ministry of Works</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Manningham-Buller !"><a href="/wiki/Reginald_Manningham-Buller" class="mw-redirect" title="Reginald Manningham-Buller">Reginald Manningham-Buller</a></span> </td> <td style="background: #0087DC"> </td> <td>Conservative </td> <td>succeeded <a href="/wiki/George_Hicks_(trade_unionist)" title="George Hicks (trade unionist)">George Hicks</a>; Manningham-Buller was previously a backbench MP, having been first elected in 1943 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="45 !"><a href="/wiki/Financial_Secretary_to_the_Treasury" title="Financial Secretary to the Treasury">Financial Secretary to the Treasury</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Peake !"><a href="/wiki/Osbert_Peake" class="mw-redirect" title="Osbert Peake">Osbert Peake</a></span> </td> <td style="background: #0087DC"> </td> <td>Conservative </td> <td><i>in situ</i> – appointed 29 October 1944 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="46 !"><a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_Secretary_to_the_Treasury" title="Parliamentary Secretary to the Treasury">Parliamentary Secretary to the Treasury</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Stuart !"><a href="/wiki/James_Gray_Stuart,_1st_Viscount_Stuart_of_Findhorn" class="mw-redirect" title="James Gray Stuart, 1st Viscount Stuart of Findhorn">James Stuart</a></span> </td> <td style="background: #0087DC"> </td> <td>Conservative </td> <td><i>in situ</i> – appointed 14 January 1941 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="47 !"><a href="/wiki/Lord_of_the_Treasury" class="mw-redirect" title="Lord of the Treasury">Lord of the Treasury</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Beechman !"><a href="/wiki/Alec_Beechman" title="Alec Beechman">Alec Beechman</a></span> </td> <td style="background: #AFEEEE"> </td> <td>Liberal National </td> <td><i>in situ</i> – appointed 28 September 1943 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="48 !"><a href="/wiki/Lord_of_the_Treasury" class="mw-redirect" title="Lord of the Treasury">Lord of the Treasury</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Buchan-Hepburn !"><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Buchan-Hepburn" class="mw-redirect" title="Patrick Buchan-Hepburn">Patrick Buchan-Hepburn</a></span> </td> <td style="background: #0087DC"> </td> <td>Conservative </td> <td><i>in situ</i> – appointed 6 December 1944 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="49 !"><a href="/wiki/Lord_of_the_Treasury" class="mw-redirect" title="Lord of the Treasury">Lord of the Treasury</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Cary !"><a href="/wiki/Sir_Robert_Cary,_1st_Baronet" title="Sir Robert Cary, 1st Baronet">Robert Cary</a></span> </td> <td style="background: #0087DC"> </td> <td>Conservative </td> <td>succeeded <a href="/wiki/Will_John_(politician)" title="Will John (politician)">William John</a>; Cary was previously the <a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_Private_Secretary" class="mw-redirect" title="Parliamentary Private Secretary">Parliamentary Private Secretary</a> to the Secretary of State for India and Burma </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="50 !"><a href="/wiki/Lord_of_the_Treasury" class="mw-redirect" title="Lord of the Treasury">Lord of the Treasury</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Drewe !"><a href="/wiki/Cedric_Drewe" title="Cedric Drewe">Cedric Drewe</a></span> </td> <td style="background: #0087DC"> </td> <td>Conservative </td> <td><i>in situ</i> – appointed 7 July 1944 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="51 !"><a href="/wiki/Lord_of_the_Treasury" class="mw-redirect" title="Lord of the Treasury">Lord of the Treasury</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Mott-Radclyffe !"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Mott-Radclyffe" title="Charles Mott-Radclyffe">Charles Mott-Radclyffe</a></span> </td> <td style="background: #0087DC"> </td> <td>Conservative </td> <td>succeeded <a href="/wiki/Leslie_Pym" title="Leslie Pym">Leslie Pym</a>; Mott-Radclyffe was previously a backbench MP, first elected in 1942 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="52 !"><a href="/wiki/Financial_Secretary_to_the_War_Office" title="Financial Secretary to the War Office">Financial Secretary to the War Office</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Petherick !"><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Petherick" title="Maurice Petherick">Maurice Petherick</a></span> </td> <td style="background: #0087DC"> </td> <td>Conservative </td> <td>succeeded <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Henderson,_Baron_Rowley" title="Arthur Henderson, Baron Rowley">Arthur Henderson</a>; Petherick was previously a backbench MP </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="53 !"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_State_for_Foreign_Affairs_(United_Kingdom)" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister of State for Foreign Affairs (United Kingdom)">Minister of State for Foreign Affairs</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Mabane !"><a href="/wiki/William_Mabane" class="mw-redirect" title="William Mabane">William Mabane</a></span> </td> <td style="background: #AFEEEE"> </td> <td>Liberal National </td> <td>succeeded <a href="/wiki/Richard_Law,_1st_Baron_Coleraine" title="Richard Law, 1st Baron Coleraine">Richard Law</a>; Mabane was previously <a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_Secretary_to_the_Ministry_of_Food" title="Parliamentary Secretary to the Ministry of Food">Parliamentary Secretary to the Ministry of Food</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="54 !"><a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_Under-Secretary_of_State_for_Foreign_Affairs" class="mw-redirect" title="Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs">Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Dunglass !"><a href="/wiki/Alec_Douglas-Home" title="Alec Douglas-Home">Lord Dunglass</a></span> </td> <td style="background: #0087DC"> </td> <td>Conservative </td> <td>succeeded <a href="/wiki/George_Hall,_1st_Viscount_Hall" title="George Hall, 1st Viscount Hall">George Hall</a>; Dunglass was previously a backbench MP having earlier been Parliamentary Private Secretary to Neville Chamberlain </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="55 !"><a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_Under-Secretary_of_State_for_Foreign_Affairs" class="mw-redirect" title="Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs">Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Lovat !"><a href="/wiki/Simon_Fraser,_15th_Lord_Lovat" title="Simon Fraser, 15th Lord Lovat">Lord Lovat</a></span> </td> <td style="background: #0087DC"> </td> <td>Conservative </td> <td>newly created as a joint role; Lovat served as a <a href="/wiki/Commandos_(United_Kingdom)" title="Commandos (United Kingdom)">Commandos</a> officer during the war </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="56 !"><a href="/wiki/Under-Secretary_of_State_for_Air" title="Under-Secretary of State for Air">Under-Secretary of State for Air</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Hogg !"><a href="/wiki/Quintin_Hogg,_Baron_Hailsham_of_St_Marylebone" title="Quintin Hogg, Baron Hailsham of St Marylebone">Quintin Hogg</a></span> </td> <td style="background: #0087DC"> </td> <td>Conservative </td> <td><i>in situ</i> – appointed 12 April 1945 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="57 !"><a href="/wiki/Under-Secretary_of_State_for_Air" title="Under-Secretary of State for Air">Under-Secretary of State for Air</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Beatty !"><a href="/wiki/David_Field_Beatty,_2nd_Earl_Beatty" class="mw-redirect" title="David Field Beatty, 2nd Earl Beatty">Earl Beatty</a></span> </td> <td style="background: #0087DC"> </td> <td>Conservative </td> <td>succeeded <a href="/wiki/Hugh_Seely" class="mw-redirect" title="Hugh Seely">Hugh Seely</a>; Beatty was an army officer through the war </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="58 !"><a href="/wiki/Under-Secretary_of_State_for_Dominion_Affairs" title="Under-Secretary of State for Dominion Affairs">Under-Secretary of State for Dominion Affairs</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Emrys-Evans !"><a href="/wiki/Paul_Emrys-Evans" title="Paul Emrys-Evans">Paul Emrys-Evans</a></span> </td> <td style="background: #0087DC"> </td> <td>Conservative </td> <td><i>in situ</i> – appointed 4 March 1942 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="59 !"><a href="/wiki/Under-Secretary_of_State_for_Scotland" class="mw-redirect" title="Under-Secretary of State for Scotland">Under-Secretary of State for Scotland</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Chapman !"><a href="/wiki/Allan_Chapman_(politician)" title="Allan Chapman (politician)">Allan Chapman</a></span> </td> <td style="background: #0087DC"> </td> <td>Conservative </td> <td><i>in situ</i> – appointed 4 March 1942 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="60 !"><a href="/wiki/Under-Secretary_of_State_for_Scotland" class="mw-redirect" title="Under-Secretary of State for Scotland">Under-Secretary of State for Scotland</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Galbraith !"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Galbraith,_1st_Baron_Strathclyde" title="Thomas Galbraith, 1st Baron Strathclyde">Thomas Galbraith</a></span> </td> <td style="background: #0087DC"> </td> <td>Conservative </td> <td>succeeded <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Westwood" title="Joseph Westwood">Joseph Westwood</a>; Galbraith was previously a backbench MP and was in the <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Naval_Command" class="mw-redirect" title="Scottish Naval Command">Scottish Naval Command</a> during the war </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="61 !"><a href="/wiki/Under-Secretary_of_State_for_the_Colonies" title="Under-Secretary of State for the Colonies">Under-Secretary of State for the Colonies</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Devonshire !"><a href="/wiki/Edward_Cavendish,_10th_Duke_of_Devonshire" title="Edward Cavendish, 10th Duke of Devonshire">Duke of Devonshire</a></span> </td> <td style="background: #0087DC"> </td> <td>Conservative </td> <td><i>in situ</i> – appointed 1 January 1943 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="62 !"><a href="/wiki/Under-Secretary_of_State_for_the_Home_Department" class="mw-redirect" title="Under-Secretary of State for the Home Department">Under-Secretary of State for the Home Department</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Munster !"><a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_FitzClarence,_5th_Earl_of_Munster" title="Geoffrey FitzClarence, 5th Earl of Munster">Earl of Munster</a></span> </td> <td style="background: #0087DC"> </td> <td>Conservative </td> <td><i>in situ</i> – appointed 31 October 1944 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="63 !"><a href="/wiki/Under-Secretary_of_State_for_War" title="Under-Secretary of State for War">Under-Secretary of State for War</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Croft !"><a href="/wiki/Henry_Page_Croft,_1st_Baron_Croft" title="Henry Page Croft, 1st Baron Croft">Sir Henry Page Croft</a></span> </td> <td style="background: #0087DC"> </td> <td>Conservative </td> <td><i>in situ</i> – appointed 17 May 1940 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="64 !"><a href="/wiki/Civil_Lord_of_the_Admiralty" title="Civil Lord of the Admiralty">Civil Lord of the Admiralty</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Pilkington !"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Pilkington_(1908%E2%80%931976)" class="mw-redirect" title="Richard Pilkington (1908–1976)">Richard Pilkington</a></span> </td> <td style="background: #0087DC"> </td> <td>Conservative </td> <td><i>in situ</i> – appointed 4 March 1942 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="65 !"><a href="/wiki/Comptroller_of_the_Household" title="Comptroller of the Household">Comptroller of the Household</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Pym !"><a href="/wiki/Leslie_Pym" title="Leslie Pym">Leslie Pym</a></span> </td> <td style="background: #0087DC"> </td> <td>Conservative </td> <td>succeeded <a href="/wiki/George_Mathers,_1st_Baron_Mathers" title="George Mathers, 1st Baron Mathers">George Mathers</a>; Pym was previously a <a href="/wiki/Lord_Commissioner_of_the_Treasury" class="mw-redirect" title="Lord Commissioner of the Treasury">Lord Commissioner of the Treasury</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="66 !"><a href="/wiki/Treasurer_of_the_Household" title="Treasurer of the Household">Treasurer of the Household</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Edmondson !"><a href="/wiki/Sir_James_Edmondson" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir James Edmondson">Sir James Edmondson</a></span> </td> <td style="background: #0087DC"> </td> <td>Conservative </td> <td><i>in situ</i> – appointed 12 March 1942 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="67 !"><a href="/wiki/Vice-Chamberlain_of_the_Household" title="Vice-Chamberlain of the Household">Vice-Chamberlain of the Household</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Young !"><a href="/wiki/Sir_Arthur_Young,_1st_Baronet" title="Sir Arthur Young, 1st Baronet">Arthur Young</a></span> </td> <td style="background: #0087DC"> </td> <td>Conservative </td> <td><i>in situ</i> – appointed 13 July 1944 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="68 !"><a href="/wiki/Captain_of_the_Gentlemen-at-Arms" class="mw-redirect" title="Captain of the Gentlemen-at-Arms">Captain of the Gentlemen-at-Arms</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Fortescue !"><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Fortescue,_5th_Earl_Fortescue" title="Hugh Fortescue, 5th Earl Fortescue">Earl Fortescue</a></span> </td> <td style="background: #0087DC"> </td> <td>Conservative </td> <td><i>in situ</i> – appointed 22 March 1945 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="69 !"><a href="/wiki/Captain_of_the_Yeomen_of_the_Guard" title="Captain of the Yeomen of the Guard">Captain of the Yeomen of the Guard</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Templemore !"><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Chichester,_4th_Baron_Templemore" title="Arthur Chichester, 4th Baron Templemore">Lord Templemore</a></span> </td> <td style="background: #0087DC"> </td> <td>Conservative </td> <td><i>in situ</i> – appointed 31 May 1940 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="70 !"><a href="/wiki/Lord_in_Waiting" class="mw-redirect" title="Lord in Waiting">Lord in Waiting</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Alness !"><a href="/wiki/Lord_Alness" class="mw-redirect" title="Lord Alness">Lord Alness</a></span> </td> <td style="background: #AFEEEE"> </td> <td>Liberal National </td> <td><i>in situ</i> – appointed 4 June 1940 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="71 !"><a href="/wiki/Lord_in_Waiting" class="mw-redirect" title="Lord in Waiting">Lord in Waiting</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Normanby !"><a href="/wiki/Oswald_Phipps,_4th_Marquess_of_Normanby" title="Oswald Phipps, 4th Marquess of Normanby">Marquess of Normanby</a></span> </td> <td style="background: #0087DC"> </td> <td>Conservative </td> <td><i>in situ</i> – appointed 22 March 1945 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="72 !"><a href="/wiki/Lord_in_Waiting" class="mw-redirect" title="Lord in Waiting">Lord in Waiting</a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Northumberland !"><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Percy,_10th_Duke_of_Northumberland" title="Hugh Percy, 10th Duke of Northumberland">10th Duke of Northumberland</a></span> </td> <td style="background: #0087DC"> </td> <td>Conservative </td> <td>succeeded <a href="/wiki/Francis_Agar-Robartes,_7th_Viscount_Clifden" title="Francis Agar-Robartes, 7th Viscount Clifden">Viscount Clifden</a>; Northumberland was a Royal Artillery officer during the war </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Churchill_caretaker_ministry&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Eden" title="Anthony Eden">Anthony Eden</a> did not acquire the title of <a href="/wiki/Deputy_Prime_Minister_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Deputy Prime Minister of the United Kingdom">Deputy Prime Minister of the United Kingdom</a> during the caretaker ministry. He did however serve as <a href="/wiki/Deputy_Leader_of_the_Conservative_Party_(UK)" class="mw-redirect" title="Deputy Leader of the Conservative Party (UK)">Deputy Leader of the Conservative Party</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">As confirmed by <i><a href="/wiki/Hansard" title="Hansard">Hansard</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">In his closing speech to Parliament, the King said that "legislation has been passed to provide for a scheme of family allowances, in which the families of serving men will be included".<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The housing shortage was still the primary domestic issue when Churchill formed his third ministry in 1951 and future prime minister <a href="/wiki/Harold_Macmillan" title="Harold Macmillan">Harold Macmillan</a> was appointed <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Housing_and_Local_Government" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister of Housing and Local Government">Minister of Housing and Local Government</a> with a commitment to build 300,000 new houses per annum, a target he achieved.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJenkins2001844–845_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJenkins2001844–845-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Churchill_caretaker_ministry&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEJenkins2001485–486-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJenkins2001485–486_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFJenkins2001">Jenkins 2001</a>, pp. 485–486.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEJenkins2001514–515-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJenkins2001514–515_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFJenkins2001">Jenkins 2001</a>, pp. 514–515.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEJenkins2001543-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJenkins2001543_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFJenkins2001">Jenkins 2001</a>, p. 543.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEJenkins2001551–552-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJenkins2001551–552_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFJenkins2001">Jenkins 2001</a>, pp. 551–552.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEJenkins2001576–582-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJenkins2001576–582_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFJenkins2001">Jenkins 2001</a>, pp. 576–582.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEJenkins2001583-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJenkins2001583_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFJenkins2001">Jenkins 2001</a>, p. 583.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEJenkins2001586-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJenkins2001586_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJenkins2001586_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFJenkins2001">Jenkins 2001</a>, p. 586.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEJenkins2001585-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJenkins2001585_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFJenkins2001">Jenkins 2001</a>, p. 585.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHermiston2016356-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHermiston2016356_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHermiston2016356_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHermiston2016">Hermiston 2016</a>, p. 356.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHermiston2016356–357-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHermiston2016356–357_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHermiston2016">Hermiston 2016</a>, pp. 356–357.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHermiston2016357-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHermiston2016357_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHermiston2016">Hermiston 2016</a>, p. 357.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHermiston2016358-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHermiston2016358_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHermiston2016358_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHermiston2016358_13-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHermiston2016">Hermiston 2016</a>, p. 358.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPelling1980401-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 June</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BBC+History&rft.atitle=Why+Churchill+Lost+in+1945&rft.date=2011-02-17&rft.aulast=Addison&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fhistory%2Fworldwars%2Fwwtwo%2Felection_01.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurchill+caretaker+ministry" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEToye2010655-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEToye2010655_47-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFToye2010">Toye 2010</a>, p. 655.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGilbert199032-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGilbert199032_48-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGilbert1990">Gilbert 1990</a>, p. 32.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEJenkins2001793-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJenkins2001793_49-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFJenkins2001">Jenkins 2001</a>, p. 793.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEToye2010655–656-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEToye2010655–656_50-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFToye2010">Toye 2010</a>, pp. 655–656.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEToye2010679–680-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEToye2010679–680_51-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFToye2010">Toye 2010</a>, pp. 679–680.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGilbert1991846–847-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGilbert1991846–847_52-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGilbert1991">Gilbert 1991</a>, pp. 846–847.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPelling1980413-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPelling1980413_53-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPelling1980">Pelling 1980</a>, p. 413.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGilbert1991849-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGilbert1991849_54-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGilbert1991849_54-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGilbert1991">Gilbert 1991</a>, p. 849.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGilbert1991847–848-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGilbert1991847–848_55-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGilbert1991">Gilbert 1991</a>, pp. 847–848.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGilbert1991855-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGilbert1991855_56-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGilbert1991855_56-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGilbert1991">Gilbert 1991</a>, p. 855.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHermiston2016366–367-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHermiston2016366–367_57-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHermiston2016">Hermiston 2016</a>, pp. 366–367.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEJenkins2001798–799-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJenkins2001798–799_58-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFJenkins2001">Jenkins 2001</a>, pp. 798–799.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPelling1980408-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPelling1980408_59-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPelling1980">Pelling 1980</a>, p. 408.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBall2001328-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBall2001328_60-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBall2001">Ball 2001</a>, p. 328.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Churchill_caretaker_ministry&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBall2001" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Stuart_Ball" title="Stuart Ball">Ball, Stuart</a> (2001). "Churchill and the Conservative Party". <i>Transactions of the Royal Historical Society</i>. <b>11</b>. Cambridge University Press: 307–330. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FS0080440101000160">10.1017/S0080440101000160</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/3679426">3679426</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:153860359">153860359</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+Royal+Historical+Society&rft.atitle=Churchill+and+the+Conservative+Party&rft.volume=11&rft.pages=307-330&rft.date=2001&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A153860359%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F3679426%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FS0080440101000160&rft.aulast=Ball&rft.aufirst=Stuart&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurchill+caretaker+ministry" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFButlerButler1994" class="citation book cs1">Butler, David; Butler, Gareth (1994). <i>British Political Facts 1900–1994</i> (7 ed.). Basingstoke and London: The Macmillan Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-03-12121-47-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-03-12121-47-1"><bdi>978-03-12121-47-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=British+Political+Facts+1900%E2%80%931994&rft.place=Basingstoke+and+London&rft.edition=7&rft.pub=The+Macmillan+Press&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=978-03-12121-47-1&rft.aulast=Butler&rft.aufirst=David&rft.au=Butler%2C+Gareth&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurchill+caretaker+ministry" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFenby2011" class="citation book cs1">Fenby, Jonathan (2011). <i>The General: Charles de Gaulle and the France he saved</i>. London: Simon & Schuster. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-18-47394-10-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-18-47394-10-1"><bdi>978-18-47394-10-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+General%3A+Charles+de+Gaulle+and+the+France+he+saved&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Simon+%26+Schuster&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-18-47394-10-1&rft.aulast=Fenby&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurchill+caretaker+ministry" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGilbert1990" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Martin_Gilbert" title="Martin Gilbert">Gilbert, Martin</a> (1990). <i><span></span>'Never despair': Winston S. Churchill 1945-1965</i>. Vol. 8. London: Minerva. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-74939-104-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-74939-104-1"><bdi>978-0-74939-104-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%27Never+despair%27%3A+Winston+S.+Churchill+1945-1965&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Minerva&rft.date=1990&rft.isbn=978-0-74939-104-1&rft.aulast=Gilbert&rft.aufirst=Martin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurchill+caretaker+ministry" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGilbert1991" class="citation book cs1">Gilbert, Martin (1991). <i>Churchill: A Life</i>. London: Heinemann. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-04-34291-83-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-04-34291-83-0"><bdi>978-04-34291-83-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Churchill%3A+A+Life&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Heinemann&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=978-04-34291-83-0&rft.aulast=Gilbert&rft.aufirst=Martin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurchill+caretaker+ministry" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHermiston2016" class="citation book cs1">Hermiston, Roger (2016). <i>All Behind You, Winston – Churchill's Great Coalition, 1940–45</i>. London: Aurum Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-17-81316-64-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-17-81316-64-1"><bdi>978-17-81316-64-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=All+Behind+You%2C+Winston+%E2%80%93+Churchill%27s+Great+Coalition%2C+1940%E2%80%9345&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Aurum+Press&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=978-17-81316-64-1&rft.aulast=Hermiston&rft.aufirst=Roger&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurchill+caretaker+ministry" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLeonard1977" class="citation book cs1">Leonard, Thomas M. (1977). <i>Day By Day: The Forties</i>. New York: Facts On File, Inc. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-87196-375-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-87196-375-8"><bdi>978-0-87196-375-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Day+By+Day%3A+The+Forties&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Facts+On+File%2C+Inc.&rft.date=1977&rft.isbn=978-0-87196-375-8&rft.aulast=Leonard&rft.aufirst=Thomas+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurchill+caretaker+ministry" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRoberts2018" class="citation book cs1">Roberts, Andrew (2018). <i>Churchill: Walking with Destiny</i>. London: Allen Lane. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-02-41205-63-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-02-41205-63-1"><bdi>978-02-41205-63-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Churchill%3A+Walking+with+Destiny&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Allen+Lane&rft.date=2018&rft.isbn=978-02-41205-63-1&rft.aulast=Roberts&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurchill+caretaker+ministry" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJenkins2001" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Roy_Jenkins" title="Roy Jenkins">Jenkins, Roy</a> (2001). <i>Churchill</i>. London: Macmillan Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-03-30488-05-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-03-30488-05-1"><bdi>978-03-30488-05-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Churchill&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Macmillan+Press&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-03-30488-05-1&rft.aulast=Jenkins&rft.aufirst=Roy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurchill+caretaker+ministry" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPelling1980" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Henry_Pelling" title="Henry Pelling">Pelling, Henry</a> (June 1980). "The 1945 General Election Reconsidered". <i>The Historical Journal</i>. <b>23</b> (2). Cambridge University Press: 399–414. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FS0018246X0002433X">10.1017/S0018246X0002433X</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/2638675">2638675</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:154658298">154658298</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Historical+Journal&rft.atitle=The+1945+General+Election+Reconsidered&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=399-414&rft.date=1980-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A154658298%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F2638675%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FS0018246X0002433X&rft.aulast=Pelling&rft.aufirst=Henry&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurchill+caretaker+ministry" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Pelling, Henry. (1989) "The Caretaker Government and the Election, May to July 1945" in Pelling, <i> Winston Churchill</i> (Palgrave Macmillan, 1989), pp 548–562 <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-10691-2_26">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-10691-2_26</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFToye2010" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Toye" title="Richard Toye">Toye, Richard</a> (July 2010). "Winston Churchill's "Crazy Broadcast": Party, Nation, and the 1945 Gestapo Speech". <i>Journal of British Studies</i>. <b>49</b> (3). Cambridge University Press: 655–680. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1086%2F652014">10.1086/652014</a>. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/10871%2F9424">10871/9424</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/23265382">23265382</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+British+Studies&rft.atitle=Winston+Churchill%27s+%22Crazy+Broadcast%22%3A+Party%2C+Nation%2C+and+the+1945+Gestapo+Speech&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=655-680&rft.date=2010-07&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F10871%2F9424&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F23265382%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1086%2F652014&rft.aulast=Toye&rft.aufirst=Richard&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurchill+caretaker+ministry" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZweiniger-Bargielowska1994" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Ina_Zweiniger-Bargielowska" title="Ina Zweiniger-Bargielowska">Zweiniger-Bargielowska, Ina</a> (March 1994). "Rationing, Austerity and the Conservative Party Recovery after 1945". <i>The Historical Journal</i>. <b>37</b> (1). Cambridge University Press: 173–197. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FS0018246X00014758">10.1017/S0018246X00014758</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/2640057">2640057</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:153634656">153634656</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Historical+Journal&rft.atitle=Rationing%2C+Austerity+and+the+Conservative+Party+Recovery+after+1945&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=173-197&rft.date=1994-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A153634656%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F2640057%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FS0018246X00014758&rft.aulast=Zweiniger-Bargielowska&rft.aufirst=Ina&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurchill+caretaker+ministry" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Churchill_caretaker_ministry&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBest2001" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_Best" title="Geoffrey Best">Best, Geoffrey</a> (2001). <i>Churchill: A Study in Greatness</i>. London: Bloomsbury. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-18-52852-53-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-18-52852-53-5"><bdi>978-18-52852-53-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Churchill%3A+A+Study+in+Greatness&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Bloomsbury&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-18-52852-53-5&rft.aulast=Best&rft.aufirst=Geoffrey&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurchill+caretaker+ministry" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNeiberg2015" class="citation book cs1">Neiberg, Michael (2015). <i>Potsdam: The End of World War II and the Remaking of Europe</i>. New York City: Basic Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-04-65075-25-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-04-65075-25-6"><bdi>978-04-65075-25-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Potsdam%3A+The+End+of+World+War+II+and+the+Remaking+of+Europe&rft.place=New+York+City&rft.pub=Basic+Books&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-04-65075-25-6&rft.aulast=Neiberg&rft.aufirst=Michael&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurchill+caretaker+ministry" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNicol2010" class="citation book cs1">Nicol, Patricia (2010). <i>Sucking Eggs</i>. London: Vintage Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-00-99521-12-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-00-99521-12-9"><bdi>978-00-99521-12-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sucking+Eggs&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Vintage+Books&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-00-99521-12-9&rft.aulast=Nicol&rft.aufirst=Patricia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurchill+caretaker+ministry" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Churchill_war_ministry" title="Churchill war ministry">Churchill war ministry</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/List_of_British_governments" title="List of British governments">Government of the United Kingdom</a> </b><br />1945 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Attlee_ministry" title="Attlee ministry">First Attlee ministry</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd 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aria-labelledby="Winston_Churchill" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible expanded navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Winston_Churchill" title="Template:Winston Churchill"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Winston_Churchill" title="Template talk:Winston Churchill"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Winston_Churchill" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Winston Churchill"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Winston_Churchill" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Winston_Churchill" title="Winston Churchill">Winston Churchill</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Life</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Early_life_of_Winston_Churchill" title="Early life of Winston Churchill">Early life, 1874–1904</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winston_Churchill_in_politics,_1900%E2%80%931939" title="Winston Churchill in politics, 1900–1939">In politics, 1900–1939</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Winston_Churchill%27s_Liberal_Party_years,_1904%E2%80%931924" title="Winston Churchill's Liberal Party years, 1904–1924">Liberal Party, 1904–1924</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chancellorship_of_Winston_Churchill" title="Chancellorship of Winston Churchill">Chancellor, 1924–1929</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winston_Churchill%27s_%22Wilderness%22_years,_1929%E2%80%931939" title="Winston Churchill's "Wilderness" years, 1929–1939">"Wilderness" years, 1929–1939</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winston_Churchill_in_the_Second_World_War" title="Winston Churchill in the Second World War">World War II, 1939–1945</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Later_life_of_Winston_Churchill" title="Later life of Winston Churchill">Later life, 1945–1965</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_history_of_Winston_Churchill" title="Electoral history of Winston Churchill">Electoral history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winston_Churchill_as_a_painter" title="Winston Churchill as a painter">As a painter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winston_Churchill_as_a_writer" title="Winston Churchill as a writer">As a writer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racial_views_of_Winston_Churchill" title="Racial views of Winston Churchill">Racial views</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winston_Churchill%27s_pets" title="Winston Churchill's pets">His pets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_and_state_funeral_of_Winston_Churchill" title="Death and state funeral of Winston Churchill">Death and funeral</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ministries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Churchill_war_ministry" title="Churchill war ministry">Churchill war ministry, 1940–1945</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Winston_Churchill%27s_first_premiership" title="Timeline of Winston Churchill's first premiership">timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Allied_World_War_II_conferences" title="List of Allied World War II conferences">conferences</a></li></ul></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Churchill caretaker ministry, 1945</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Churchill_ministry" title="Third Churchill ministry">Churchill's third ministry, 1951–1955</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Writings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Story_of_the_Malakand_Field_Force" title="The Story of the Malakand Field Force"><i>The Story of the Malakand Field Force</i> (1898)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Savrola" title="Savrola"><i>Savrola</i> (1899 novel)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_River_War" title="The River War"><i>The River War</i> (1899)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_to_Ladysmith_via_Pretoria" title="London to Ladysmith via Pretoria"><i>London to Ladysmith via Pretoria</i> (1900)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ian_Hamilton%27s_March" title="Ian Hamilton's March"><i>Ian Hamilton's March</i> (1900)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lord_Randolph_Churchill_(book)" title="Lord Randolph Churchill (book)"><i>Lord Randolph Churchill</i> (1906)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_World_Crisis" title="The World Crisis"><i>The World Crisis</i> (1923–1931, five volumes)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/My_Early_Life" title="My Early Life"><i>My Early Life</i> (1930)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marlborough:_His_Life_and_Times" title="Marlborough: His Life and Times"><i>Marlborough: His Life and Times</i> (1933–1938, four volumes)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Contemporaries" title="Great Contemporaries"><i>Great Contemporaries</i> (1937)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arms_and_the_Covenant" title="Arms and the Covenant"><i>Arms and the Covenant</i> (1938)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Are_There_Men_on_the_Moon%3F" title="Are There Men on the Moon?">"Are There Men on the Moon?" (1942)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Second_World_War_(book_series)" title="The Second World War (book series)"><i>The Second World War</i> (1948–1953, six volumes)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_History_of_the_English-Speaking_Peoples" title="A History of the English-Speaking Peoples"><i>A History of the English-Speaking Peoples</i> (1956–1958, four volumes)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Speeches</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/A_total_and_unmitigated_defeat" title="A total and unmitigated defeat">A total and unmitigated defeat</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Blood,_toil,_tears_and_sweat" title="Blood, toil, tears and sweat">Blood, toil, tears and sweat</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Be_ye_men_of_valour" title="Be ye men of valour">Be ye men of valour</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/We_shall_fight_on_the_beaches" title="We shall fight on the beaches">We shall fight on the beaches</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/This_was_their_finest_hour" title="This was their finest hour">This was their finest hour</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Never_was_so_much_owed_by_so_many_to_so_few" title="Never was so much owed by so many to so few">Never was so much owed by so many to so few</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Iron_Curtain#Churchill_speech" title="Iron Curtain">Iron Curtain</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Legacy and<br />depictions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bibliography_of_Winston_Churchill" title="Bibliography of Winston Churchill">Bibliography of Winston Churchill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honours_of_Winston_Churchill" class="mw-redirect" title="Honours of Winston Churchill">Honours</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Churchill_Society" title="International Churchill Society">International Churchill Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Churchill_War_Rooms" title="Churchill War Rooms">Churchill War Rooms and Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Churchill_Museum" title="National Churchill Museum">National Churchill Museum</a> (Fulton, Missouri)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Churchill_College,_Cambridge" title="Churchill College, Cambridge">Churchill College, Cambridge</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Churchill_Archives_Centre" title="Churchill Archives Centre">Churchill Archives Centre</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winston_Churchill_Memorial_Trusts" title="Winston Churchill Memorial Trusts">Memorial Trusts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winston_Churchill_School_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Winston Churchill School (disambiguation)">Schools and higher education (various)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winston_Churchill_Boulevard" title="Winston Churchill Boulevard">Boulevard in Mississauga, Ontario</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Monuments_and_memorials_to_Winston_Churchill" title="Category:Monuments and memorials to Winston Churchill">others</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bust_of_Winston_Churchill_(Epstein)" title="Bust of Winston Churchill (Epstein)">Epstein busts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bust_of_Winston_Churchill,_Mishkenot_Sha%27ananim" title="Bust of Winston Churchill, Mishkenot Sha'ananim">Mishkenot Sha'ananim bust, Israel</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Roaring_Lion" title="The Roaring Lion">The Roaring Lion</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portrait_of_Winston_Churchill_(Sutherland)" title="Portrait of Winston Churchill (Sutherland)">Sutherland portrait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cultural_depictions_of_Winston_Churchill" title="Cultural depictions of Winston Churchill">Cultural depictions</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Churchillian_Drift" title="Churchillian Drift">Churchillian Drift</a>"</li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Statues" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Statues</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>London <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Winston_Churchill,_Palace_of_Westminster" title="Statue of Winston Churchill, Palace of Westminster">Palace of Westminster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Winston_Churchill,_Parliament_Square" title="Statue of Winston Churchill, Parliament Square">Parliament Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Winston_Churchill,_Woodford" title="Statue of Winston Churchill, Woodford">Woodford</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Winston_Churchill,_Paris" title="Statue of Winston Churchill, Paris">Paris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Winston_Churchill_(Toronto)" title="Statue of Winston Churchill (Toronto)">Toronto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Winston_Churchill_(Washington,_D.C.)" title="Statue of Winston Churchill (Washington, D.C.)">Washington, D.C.</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blenheim_Palace" title="Blenheim Palace">Blenheim Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chartwell" title="Chartwell">Chartwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norway_Debate" title="Norway Debate">Norway Debate</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Operation_Unthinkable" title="Operation Unthinkable">Operation Unthinkable</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winston_Churchill%27s_political_ideology" class="mw-redirect" title="Winston Churchill's political ideology">Political ideology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Sidney_Street" title="Siege of Sidney Street">Siege of Sidney Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Martin%27s_Church,_Bladon" title="St Martin's Church, Bladon">St Martin's Church, Bladon</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Sword_of_Stalingrad" title="Sword of Stalingrad">Sword of Stalingrad</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Terminological_inexactitude" title="Terminological inexactitude">Terminological inexactitude</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Other_Club" title="The Other Club">The Other Club</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tonypandy_riots" title="Tonypandy riots">Tonypandy riots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_British_war_cabinet_crisis" title="1940 British war cabinet crisis">1940 British war cabinet crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengal_famine_of_1943" title="Bengal famine of 1943">Bengal famine of 1943</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honorary_citizenship_of_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Honorary citizenship of the United States">Honorary U.S. citizenship</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Family_of_Winston_Churchill" title="Family of Winston Churchill">Family</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Clementine_Churchill" title="Clementine Churchill">Clementine Churchill</a> (wife)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diana_Churchill" title="Diana Churchill">Diana Churchill</a> (daughter)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Randolph_Churchill" title="Randolph Churchill">Randolph Churchill</a> (son)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Churchill_(actress)" title="Sarah Churchill (actress)">Sarah Churchill</a> (daughter)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tomb_of_Marigold_Churchill" title="Tomb of Marigold Churchill">Marigold Churchill</a> (daughter)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Soames" title="Mary Soames">Mary Soames</a> (daughter)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winston_Churchill_(1940%E2%80%932010)" title="Winston Churchill (1940–2010)">Winston Churchill</a> (grandson)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lord_Randolph_Churchill" title="Lord Randolph Churchill">Lord Randolph Churchill</a> (father)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lady_Randolph_Churchill" title="Lady Randolph Churchill">Jennie Jerome, Lady Randolph Churchill</a> (mother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Churchill_(1880%E2%80%931947)" title="Jack Churchill (1880–1947)">Jack Churchill</a> (brother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Spencer-Churchill,_7th_Duke_of_Marlborough" title="John Spencer-Churchill, 7th Duke of Marlborough">John Spencer-Churchill</a> (grandfather)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frances_Anne_Spencer-Churchill,_Duchess_of_Marlborough" title="Frances Anne Spencer-Churchill, Duchess of Marlborough">Frances Anne Spencer-Churchill</a> (grandmother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonard_Jerome" title="Leonard Jerome">Leonard Jerome</a> (grandfather)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="British_governments" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:British_ministries" title="Template:British ministries"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:British_ministries" title="Template talk:British ministries"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:British_ministries" title="Special:EditPage/Template:British ministries"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="British_governments" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_British_governments" title="List of British governments">British governments</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Great_Britain" title="Kingdom of Great Britain">Great Britain</a><br />(1707–1801)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Godolphin%E2%80%93Marlborough_ministry" title="Godolphin–Marlborough ministry">Godolphin–Marlborough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harley_ministry" title="Harley ministry">Harley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Townshend_ministry" title="Townshend ministry">Townshend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Stanhope%E2%80%93Sunderland_ministry" title="First Stanhope–Sunderland ministry">Stanhope–Sunderland I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Stanhope%E2%80%93Sunderland_ministry" title="Second Stanhope–Sunderland ministry">Stanhope–Sunderland II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walpole%E2%80%93Townshend_ministry" title="Walpole–Townshend ministry">Walpole–Townshend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walpole_ministry" title="Walpole ministry">Walpole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carteret_ministry" title="Carteret ministry">Carteret</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broad_Bottom_ministry" title="Broad Bottom ministry">Broad Bottom I and II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Short-lived_ministry" title="Short-lived ministry">Short-lived</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Newcastle_ministry" title="First Newcastle ministry">Newcastle I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pitt%E2%80%93Devonshire_ministry" title="Pitt–Devonshire ministry">Pitt–Devonshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1757_caretaker_ministry" title="1757 caretaker ministry">1757 Caretaker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pitt%E2%80%93Newcastle_ministry" title="Pitt–Newcastle ministry">Pitt–Newcastle (Newcastle II)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bute_ministry" title="Bute ministry">Bute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grenville_ministry" title="Grenville ministry">Grenville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Rockingham_ministry" title="First Rockingham ministry">Rockingham I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chatham_ministry" title="Chatham ministry">Chatham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grafton_ministry" title="Grafton ministry">Grafton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_ministry" title="North ministry">North</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Rockingham_ministry" title="Second Rockingham ministry">Rockingham II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shelburne_ministry" title="Shelburne ministry">Shelburne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fox%E2%80%93North_coalition" title="Fox–North coalition">Fox–North (Portland I)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Pitt_ministry" title="First Pitt ministry">Pitt I</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_(2022,_lesser_arms).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="HM Government of the United Kingdom's Royal Coat of Arms"><img alt="HM Government of the United Kingdom's Royal Coat of Arms" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%282022%2C_lesser_arms%29.svg/100px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%282022%2C_lesser_arms%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="88" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%282022%2C_lesser_arms%29.svg/150px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%282022%2C_lesser_arms%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%282022%2C_lesser_arms%29.svg/200px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%282022%2C_lesser_arms%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1552" data-file-height="1366" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_of_Great_Britain_and_Ireland" title="United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland">UK (GB and Ire)</a><br />(1801–1922)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Addington_ministry" title="Addington ministry">Addington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Pitt_ministry" title="Second Pitt ministry">Pitt II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_All_the_Talents" title="Ministry of All the Talents">All the Talents</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Portland_ministry" title="Second Portland ministry">Portland II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perceval_ministry" title="Perceval ministry">Perceval</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liverpool_ministry" title="Liverpool ministry">Liverpool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canningite_government,_1827%E2%80%931828" title="Canningite government, 1827–1828">Canning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canningite_government,_1827%E2%80%931828" title="Canningite government, 1827–1828">Goderich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wellington%E2%80%93Peel_ministry" title="Wellington–Peel ministry">Wellington–Peel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whig_government,_1830%E2%80%931834" title="Whig government, 1830–1834">Grey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whig_government,_1830%E2%80%931834" title="Whig government, 1830–1834">Melbourne I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wellington_caretaker_ministry" title="Wellington caretaker ministry">Wellington Caretaker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Peel_ministry" title="First Peel ministry">Peel I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Melbourne_ministry" title="Second Melbourne ministry">Melbourne II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Peel_ministry" title="Second Peel ministry">Peel II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Russell_ministry" title="First Russell ministry">Russell I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Who%3F_Who%3F_ministry" title="Who? Who? ministry">Who? Who? (Derby–Disraeli I)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aberdeen_ministry" title="Aberdeen ministry">Aberdeen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Palmerston_ministry" title="First Palmerston ministry">Palmerston I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Derby%E2%80%93Disraeli_ministry" title="Second Derby–Disraeli ministry">Derby–Disraeli II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberal_government,_1859%E2%80%931866" title="Liberal government, 1859–1866">Palmerston II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberal_government,_1859%E2%80%931866" title="Liberal government, 1859–1866">Russell II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Derby%E2%80%93Disraeli_ministry" title="Third Derby–Disraeli ministry">Derby–Disraeli III (Disraeli I)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Gladstone_ministry" title="First Gladstone ministry">Gladstone I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Disraeli_ministry" title="Second Disraeli ministry">Disraeli II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Gladstone_ministry" title="Second Gladstone ministry">Gladstone II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Salisbury_ministry" title="First Salisbury ministry">Salisbury I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Gladstone_ministry" title="Third Gladstone ministry">Gladstone III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Salisbury_ministry" title="Second Salisbury ministry">Salisbury II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberal_government,_1892%E2%80%931895" title="Liberal government, 1892–1895">Gladstone IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberal_government,_1892%E2%80%931895" title="Liberal government, 1892–1895">Rosebery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unionist_government,_1895%E2%80%931905" title="Unionist government, 1895–1905">Salisbury III and IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unionist_government,_1895%E2%80%931905" title="Unionist government, 1895–1905">Balfour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberal_government,_1905%E2%80%931915" title="Liberal government, 1905–1915">Campbell-Bannerman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberal_government,_1905%E2%80%931915" title="Liberal government, 1905–1915">Asquith I–III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asquith_coalition_ministry" title="Asquith coalition ministry">Asquith Coalition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lloyd_George_ministry" title="Lloyd George ministry">Lloyd George I and II</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">UK (GB and NI)</a><br />(1922–present)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Conservative_government,_1922%E2%80%931924" title="Conservative government, 1922–1924">Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservative_government,_1922%E2%80%931924" title="Conservative government, 1922–1924">Baldwin I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_MacDonald_ministry" title="First MacDonald ministry">MacDonald I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Baldwin_ministry" title="Second Baldwin ministry">Baldwin II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_MacDonald_ministry" title="Second MacDonald ministry">MacDonald II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Government_(1931)" title="National Government (1931)">National Government I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Government_(1931%E2%80%931935)" title="National Government (1931–1935)">National Government II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Government_(1935%E2%80%931937)" title="National Government (1935–1937)">National Government III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Government_(1937%E2%80%931939)" title="National Government (1937–1939)">National Government IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chamberlain_war_ministry" title="Chamberlain war ministry">Chamberlain War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Churchill_war_ministry" title="Churchill war ministry">Churchill War</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Churchill Caretaker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attlee_ministry" title="Attlee ministry">Attlee I and II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Churchill_ministry" title="Third Churchill ministry">Churchill III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eden_ministry" title="Eden ministry">Eden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservative_government,_1957%E2%80%931964" title="Conservative government, 1957–1964">Macmillan I and II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservative_government,_1957%E2%80%931964" title="Conservative government, 1957–1964">Douglas-Home</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labour_government,_1964%E2%80%931970" title="Labour government, 1964–1970">Wilson I and II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heath_ministry" title="Heath ministry">Heath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labour_government,_1974%E2%80%931979" title="Labour government, 1974–1979">Wilson III and IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labour_government,_1974%E2%80%931979" title="Labour government, 1974–1979">Callaghan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Thatcher_ministry" title="First Thatcher ministry">Thatcher I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Thatcher_ministry" title="Second Thatcher ministry">Thatcher II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Thatcher_ministry" title="Third Thatcher ministry">Thatcher III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Major_ministry" title="First Major ministry">Major I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Major_ministry" title="Second Major ministry">Major II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Blair_ministry" title="First Blair ministry">Blair I</a></li> <li><a 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