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<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en-US" class=" story nytapp-vi-article " xmlns:og="http://opengraphprotocol.org/schema/"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8" /> <title data-rh="true">Twitter and Facebook Want to Shift Power to Users. Or Do They? - The New York Times</title> <meta data-rh="true" name="robots" content="noarchive, max-image-preview:large"/><meta data-rh="true" name="description" content="A decentralized internet was hailed as a way to dethrone Twitter and Facebook. But to the tech giants, the idea could unload some of their burdens."/><meta data-rh="true" property="twitter:url" content="https://www.nytimes.com/2019/12/18/technology/facebook-twitter-bitcoin-blockchain.html"/><meta data-rh="true" property="twitter:title" content="Twitter and Facebook Want to Shift Power to Users. Or Do They? (Published 2019)"/><meta data-rh="true" property="twitter:description" content="A decentralized internet was hailed as a way to dethrone Twitter and Facebook. 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data-testid="photoviewer-children-ImageCaption" class="css-ktho12 e3rygrp0"><span class="css-14fe1uy e1z0qqy90"><span class="css-1ly73wi e1tej78p0">Credit...</span><span><span aria-hidden="false">Erik Söderberg</span></span></span></figcaption></figure></div><div class="css-p6m5rf"><div class="byline-container css-1u5onbp epjyd6m2"><div class="css-165eim7 ey68jwv0" aria-hidden="true"><a href="https://www.nytimes.com/by/nathaniel-popper" class="css-uwwqev"><img alt="Nathaniel Popper" title="Nathaniel Popper" src="https://static01.nyt.com/images/2018/10/22/multimedia/author-nathaniel-popper/author-nathaniel-popper-thumbLarge.png" class="css-dc6zx6 ey68jwv2"/></a></div><div class="css-233int epjyd6m1"><p class="css-4anu6l e1jsehar1"><span class="byline-prefix">By </span><a href="https://www.nytimes.com/by/nathaniel-popper" class="last-byline css-ojhyzr e1jsehar0" itemProp="name">Nathaniel Popper</a></p><div class="css-gqryk5 epjyd6m0"></div></div></div></div><div class="css-1c72mta"><time dateTime="2019-12-18T05:00:22-05:00" class="css-1ubbotv e16638kd2"><span class="css-1sbuyqj e16638kd3">Dec. 18, 2019</span></time></div></header><div id="NYT_ABOVE_MAIN_CONTENT_REGION" data-testid="region"></div><section name="articleBody" class="meteredContent css-1r7ky0e"><div class="css-s99gbd StoryBodyCompanionColumn" data-testid="companionColumn-0"><div class="css-53u6y8"><p class="css-at9mc1 evys1bk0">SAN FRANCISCO — Not so long ago, the technology behind Bitcoin was seen in Silicon Valley as the best hope for challenging the enormous, centralized power of companies like Twitter and Facebook. </p><p class="css-at9mc1 evys1bk0">Now, in an unexpected twist, the internet giants think that technology could help them solve their many problems.</p><p class="css-at9mc1 evys1bk0">The chief executive of Twitter, Jack Dorsey, <a class="css-yywogo" href="https://twitter.com/jack/status/1204766078468911106" title="" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">said last week</a> that he hoped to fund the creation of software for social media that, inspired by the design of Bitcoin, would give Twitter less control over how people use the service and shift power toward users and outside programmers.</p><p class="css-at9mc1 evys1bk0">Likewise, Facebook’s chief executive, Mark Zuckerberg, <a class="css-yywogo" href="https://www.facebook.com/zuck/posts/10104380170714571?pnref=story" title="" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">has said he hopes the same concepts</a> from Bitcoin could “take power from centralized systems and put it back into people’s hands.”</p></div><aside class="css-ew4tgv" aria-label="companion column"></aside></div><div data-testid="Dropzone-1"></div><div class="css-s99gbd StoryBodyCompanionColumn" data-testid="companionColumn-1"><div class="css-53u6y8"><p class="css-at9mc1 evys1bk0">This push toward decentralization — the buzzword people in tech are using to describe these projects — has already gained enough currency and has sounded outlandish enough that it was one of the central themes of the satirical HBO show “Silicon Valley.” </p><p class="css-at9mc1 evys1bk0">Though Bitcoin’s digital tokens are widely used among the tech set, its underlying concept — a network of computers managing the currency without anyone in charge — is what’s most interesting to many people working on decentralization.</p><div class="css-1336jj"><div class="css-121kum4"><div class="css-171quhb"></div><div class="css-asuuk5"><noscript><div class="css-7axq9l" data-testid="optimistic-truncator-noscript"><svg width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" aria-hidden="true" class="css-1b5b8u1"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M2.5 12a9.5 9.5 0 1 1 19 0 9.5 9.5 0 0 1-19 0Zm8.5 1.75v-7.5h2v7.5h-2Zm0 2v2h2v-2h-2Z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg><div data-testid="optimistic-truncator-noscript-message" class="css-6yo1no"><p class="css-3kpklk">We are having trouble retrieving the article content.</p><p class="css-3kpklk">Please enable JavaScript in 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"}],"textAlign":"LEFT"},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":false,"adsDesktopHoldout":false,"adsHybrid":false,"adsMobile":false,"adsMobileHoldout":false,"bad":false,"index":0},{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"Now, in an unexpected twist, the internet giants think that technology could help them solve their many problems."}],"textAlign":"LEFT"},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":false,"adsDesktopHoldout":false,"adsHybrid":false,"adsMobile":false,"adsMobileHoldout":false,"bad":false,"index":1},{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"The chief executive of Twitter, Jack Dorsey, "},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[{"__typename":"LinkFormat","title":"","uri":null,"url":"https:\u002F\u002Ftwitter.com\u002Fjack\u002Fstatus\u002F1204766078468911106"}],"text":"said last week"},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":" that he hoped to fund the creation of software for social media that, inspired by the design of Bitcoin, would give Twitter less control over how people use the service and shift power toward users and outside programmers."}],"textAlign":"LEFT"},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":false,"adsDesktopHoldout":false,"adsHybrid":false,"adsMobile":false,"adsMobileHoldout":true,"bad":false,"index":2},{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"Likewise, Facebook’s chief executive, Mark Zuckerberg, "},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[{"__typename":"LinkFormat","title":"","uri":null,"url":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.facebook.com\u002Fzuck\u002Fposts\u002F10104380170714571?pnref=story"}],"text":"has said he hopes the same concepts"},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":" from Bitcoin could “take power from centralized systems and put it back into people’s hands.”"}],"textAlign":"LEFT"},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":true,"adsDesktopHoldout":true,"adsHybrid":true,"adsMobile":true,"adsMobileHoldout":false,"bad":false,"index":3},{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"This push toward decentralization — the buzzword people in tech are using to describe these projects — has already gained enough currency and has sounded outlandish enough that it was one of the central themes of the satirical HBO show “Silicon Valley.” "}],"textAlign":"LEFT"},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":false,"adsDesktopHoldout":false,"adsHybrid":false,"adsMobile":false,"adsMobileHoldout":false,"bad":false,"index":4},{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"Though Bitcoin’s digital tokens are widely used among the tech set, its underlying concept — a network of computers managing the currency without anyone in charge — is what’s most interesting to many people working on decentralization."}],"textAlign":"LEFT"},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":false,"adsDesktopHoldout":false,"adsHybrid":false,"adsMobile":false,"adsMobileHoldout":false,"bad":false,"index":5},{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"Countless entrepreneurs are working on decentralization projects, including the creator of the World Wide Web, Tim Berners-Lee. He founded "},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[{"__typename":"LinkFormat","title":"","uri":null,"url":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.fastcompany.com\u002F90243936\u002Fexclusive-tim-berners-lee-tells-us-his-radical-new-plan-to-upend-the-world-wide-web"}],"text":"Solid"},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":", which seeks to fix the problems of the centralized internet by shifting the ownership of personal data away from big companies and back toward users."}],"textAlign":"LEFT"},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":false,"adsDesktopHoldout":false,"adsHybrid":false,"adsMobile":false,"adsMobileHoldout":true,"bad":false,"index":6},{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"But the other efforts have largely been aimed at taking down Twitter and Facebook rather than helping them solve their problems. And the two behemoths have plenty of problems, from policing their sites for toxic content to dealing with pressure from regulators who think tech companies have grown too powerful. "}],"textAlign":"LEFT"},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":false,"adsDesktopHoldout":false,"adsHybrid":true,"adsMobile":true,"adsMobileHoldout":false,"bad":false,"index":7},{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"Not surprisingly, the efforts at Twitter and Facebook have faced skepticism and questions about whether they are just trying to land some positive press while dodging responsibility — and regulations. "}],"textAlign":"LEFT"},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":true,"adsDesktopHoldout":true,"adsHybrid":false,"adsMobile":false,"adsMobileHoldout":false,"bad":false,"index":8},{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"“When a company does something like this when it is under pressure, it becomes a way to distract attention by appearing to do something,” said Mitra Ardron, the head of the decentralized web project at the Internet Archive, which has hosted the Decentralized Web Summit the last four years. "}],"textAlign":"LEFT"},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":false,"adsDesktopHoldout":false,"adsHybrid":false,"adsMobile":false,"adsMobileHoldout":false,"bad":false,"index":9},{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"Many people working on decentralization projects are concerned that Twitter and Facebook are trying to align themselves with the work’s countercultural spirit without giving up their enormous power."}],"textAlign":"LEFT"},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":false,"adsDesktopHoldout":false,"adsHybrid":false,"adsMobile":false,"adsMobileHoldout":true,"bad":false,"index":10},{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"“The monoliths see it as a threat to their model, so they try to weave in the concepts into their own products to maintain control,” said Eugen Rochko, the founder of Mastodon, a competitor to Twitter. With around two million users, Mastodon has been one of the most successful alternative projects. "}],"textAlign":"LEFT"},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":false,"adsDesktopHoldout":false,"adsHybrid":true,"adsMobile":true,"adsMobileHoldout":false,"bad":false,"index":11},{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"Mr. Dorsey said Twitter was just starting to look at the idea and had committed only five people to it. Facebook has moved ahead with its Bitcoin-inspired cryptocurrency and has beefed up encryption, but the company has otherwise taken few steps to decentralize its services. Mr. Dorsey and Mr. Zuckerberg, though, have frequently discussed decentralization, suggesting they have a personal fascination that goes beyond business interests. "}],"textAlign":"LEFT"},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":false,"adsDesktopHoldout":true,"adsHybrid":false,"adsMobile":false,"adsMobileHoldout":false,"bad":false,"index":12},{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"Mr. Dorsey also hired a small team at his second company, Square, to work full time on Bitcoin, without any commercial responsibilities. And he recently announced that he was hoping to take an extended sojourn in Africa to understand how Bitcoin was working there."}],"textAlign":"LEFT"},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":false,"adsDesktopHoldout":false,"adsHybrid":false,"adsMobile":false,"adsMobileHoldout":false,"bad":true,"index":13},{"__typename":"TwitterEmbedBlock","hideMedia":false,"html":"\u003Cblockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\"\u003E\u003Cp lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\"\u003ESad to be leaving the continent…for now. Africa will define the future (especially the bitcoin one!). Not sure where yet, but I’ll be living here for 3-6 months mid 2020. Grateful I was able to experience a small part. 🌍 \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Ft.co\u002F9VqgbhCXWd\"\u003Epic.twitter.com\u002F9VqgbhCXWd\u003C\u002Fa\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E— jack (@jack) \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Ftwitter.com\u002Fjack\u002Fstatus\u002F1199774792917929984?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\"\u003ENovember 27, 2019\u003C\u002Fa\u003E\u003C\u002Fblockquote\u003E\n\n","snapshot":"","twitterUrl":"https:\u002F\u002Ftwitter.com\u002Fjack\u002Fstatus\u002F1199774792917929984"},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":false,"adsDesktopHoldout":false,"adsHybrid":false,"adsMobile":false,"adsMobileHoldout":false,"bad":true,"index":14},{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"“It’s clearly catching on in part because people believe in it,” said Neha Narula, the director of the Digital Currency Initiative at the M.I.T. Media Lab. “It’s not necessarily that it is cheaper or more efficient or faster or easier. In fact, it is much harder. But it’s clear that this idea speaks to people.”"}],"textAlign":"LEFT"},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":true,"adsDesktopHoldout":false,"adsHybrid":true,"adsMobile":true,"adsMobileHoldout":true,"bad":false,"index":15},{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"Mr. Dorsey’s tweets last week suggest that he wants the new team, Blue Sky, to build essentially a basic version of Twitter that would be available for anyone to copy. This would make it easier for outside developers to build on top of Twitter and to compete with it. A competitor might be able to offer a version without ads, or one that recommends tweets to readers based on different standards."}],"textAlign":"LEFT"},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":false,"adsDesktopHoldout":false,"adsHybrid":false,"adsMobile":false,"adsMobileHoldout":false,"bad":true,"index":16},{"__typename":"TwitterEmbedBlock","hideMedia":false,"html":"\u003Cblockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\"\u003E\u003Cp lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\"\u003ETwitter is funding a small independent team of up to five open source architects, engineers, and designers to develop an open and decentralized standard for social media. The goal is for Twitter to ultimately be a client of this standard. 🧵\u003C\u002Fp\u003E— jack (@jack) \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Ftwitter.com\u002Fjack\u002Fstatus\u002F1204766078468911106?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\"\u003EDecember 11, 2019\u003C\u002Fa\u003E\u003C\u002Fblockquote\u003E\n\n","snapshot":"","twitterUrl":"https:\u002F\u002Ftwitter.com\u002Fjack\u002Fstatus\u002F1204766078468911106"},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":false,"adsDesktopHoldout":false,"adsHybrid":false,"adsMobile":false,"adsMobileHoldout":false,"bad":true,"index":17},{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"While that would most likely pose a commercial threat to Twitter, Mr. Dorsey said it would also force the service to be “far more innovative than in the past” and could draw more overall users to it. "}],"textAlign":"LEFT"},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":false,"adsDesktopHoldout":true,"adsHybrid":false,"adsMobile":false,"adsMobileHoldout":true,"bad":false,"index":18},{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"The idea of decentralization harks back to the basic design and ideals of the internet, which was supposed to be a global gathering place where everyone was welcome and no one was in charge."}],"textAlign":"LEFT"},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":false,"adsDesktopHoldout":false,"adsHybrid":true,"adsMobile":true,"adsMobileHoldout":false,"bad":false,"index":19},{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"Mr. Dorsey said the invention of Bitcoin had made it possible to revive those early ideals. The key to Bitcoin is its blockchain database, which provides a way for a network of disconnected computers to agree on a single set of records for every Bitcoin in existence."}],"textAlign":"LEFT"},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":false,"adsDesktopHoldout":false,"adsHybrid":false,"adsMobile":false,"adsMobileHoldout":false,"bad":true,"index":20},{"__typename":"RelatedLinksBlock","description":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":" "},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[{"__typename":"LinkFormat","title":"","uri":null,"url":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.nytimes.com\u002F2018\u002F06\u002F27\u002Fbusiness\u002Fdealbook\u002Fblockchains-guide-information.html"}],"text":"Explaining the technology"},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":" behind cryptocurrencies."}],"displayStyle":"COMPACT","related":[],"title":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"What Is Blockchain?"}]},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":false,"adsDesktopHoldout":false,"adsHybrid":false,"adsMobile":false,"adsMobileHoldout":false,"bad":true,"index":21},{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"Mr. Dorsey is following in the steps of the many cryptocurrency advocates who have argued that the underlying technology could be used to record all the users and activity on a social network, and to agree on a single set of rules for the network, without having any single company in charge. He said, though, that it would most likely take “many years.” "}],"textAlign":"LEFT"},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":true,"adsDesktopHoldout":false,"adsHybrid":false,"adsMobile":false,"adsMobileHoldout":true,"bad":false,"index":22},{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"Facebook has "},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[{"__typename":"LinkFormat","title":"","uri":null,"url":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.theverge.com\u002F2019\u002F2\u002F20\u002F18233338\u002Ffacebook-login-blockchain-mark-zuckerberg"}],"text":"pursued several projects"},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":" over the past year that would shift control to its users. "}],"textAlign":"LEFT"},{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"The company’s most notable effort with blockchains is the "},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[{"__typename":"LinkFormat","title":"","uri":null,"url":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.nytimes.com\u002F2019\u002F10\u002F21\u002Ftechnology\u002Ffacebook-libra-marcus-lobbying.html"}],"text":"Libra cryptocurrency"},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":", which aims to create money outside the control of any one company. The Libra effort has faced crippling opposition from politicians, regulators and even some of the project’s original partners. But it appears to have inspired central banks in China and Europe, which are also considering ways to duplicate Bitcoin’s underlying technology."}],"textAlign":"LEFT"},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":false,"adsDesktopHoldout":true,"adsHybrid":false,"adsMobile":true,"adsMobileHoldout":false,"bad":false,"index":23},{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"Already, many start-ups have tried to use blockchains to create social networks to compete with Twitter and Facebook. But these networks, with names like Minds and Steemit, have faced many of the same problems that Bitcoin has, struggling to attract mainstream attention and leaving users to fend off hackers themselves. Many investors have largely given up on blockchain investments."}],"textAlign":"LEFT"},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":false,"adsDesktopHoldout":false,"adsHybrid":false,"adsMobile":false,"adsMobileHoldout":false,"bad":false,"index":24},{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"Several up-and-coming projects focused on decentralization, including Mr. Berners-Lee’s Solid, have steered clear of the blockchain entirely because they don’t believe it is useful for anything other than financial transactions. "}],"textAlign":"LEFT"},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":false,"adsDesktopHoldout":false,"adsHybrid":false,"adsMobile":false,"adsMobileHoldout":false,"bad":false,"index":25},{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"Mr. Dorsey said one of the great appeals of a decentralized future was that Twitter would no longer be the only one in charge of deciding what is and isn’t allowed on the network. "}],"textAlign":"LEFT"},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":false,"adsDesktopHoldout":false,"adsHybrid":false,"adsMobile":false,"adsMobileHoldout":true,"bad":false,"index":26},{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"To many people, that sounded like an effort by Mr. Dorsey to wash his hands of the hardest but arguably most important responsibility of social networks today: identifying and filtering bad actors and disinformation."}],"textAlign":"LEFT"},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":false,"adsDesktopHoldout":false,"adsHybrid":false,"adsMobile":true,"adsMobileHoldout":false,"bad":false,"index":27},{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"“I’m concerned that Twitter may try to foist the responsibility for dealing with these problems onto the decentralization community,” said Ross Schulman, the senior policy technologist at New America’s Open Technology Institute."}],"textAlign":"LEFT"},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":false,"adsDesktopHoldout":true,"adsHybrid":false,"adsMobile":false,"adsMobileHoldout":false,"bad":false,"index":28},{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"A spokeswoman for Facebook had no comment on the company’s efforts."}],"textAlign":"LEFT"},{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"Mastodon, the Twitter competitor, allows anyone to tweak the software in order to create his or her own version of Mastodon. If people don’t like the rules set up in one version, they can move to another."}],"textAlign":"LEFT"},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":true,"adsDesktopHoldout":false,"adsHybrid":false,"adsMobile":false,"adsMobileHoldout":false,"bad":false,"index":29},{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"But Mastodon has provided a window into just how difficult these problems are to deal with, even with decentralization. "}],"textAlign":"LEFT"},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":false,"adsDesktopHoldout":false,"adsHybrid":false,"adsMobile":false,"adsMobileHoldout":true,"bad":false,"index":30},{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"The Mastodon software was created to form a refuge from anger and hate speech on Twitter. But recently, a social network with "},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[{"__typename":"LinkFormat","title":"","uri":null,"url":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.nytimes.com\u002F2018\u002F10\u002F28\u002Fus\u002Fgab-robert-bowers-pittsburgh-synagogue-shootings.html"}],"text":"close ties to hate crimes and the far right"},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":", Gab, used Mastodon’s software to create a new home after it was pushed off the mainstream internet. "},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[{"__typename":"LinkFormat","title":"","uri":null,"url":"https:\u002F\u002Fblog.joinmastodon.org\u002F2019\u002F07\u002Fstatement-on-gabs-fork-of-mastodon\u002F"}],"text":"Mastodon’s leaders were opposed"},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":" to it but could do little to stop it. "}],"textAlign":"LEFT"},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":false,"adsDesktopHoldout":false,"adsHybrid":false,"adsMobile":true,"adsMobileHoldout":false,"bad":false,"index":31},{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"“Building these types of decentralized social networks comes with a slew of challenges that we haven’t figured out how to solve yet,” said Ms. Narula, who was a "},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[{"__typename":"LinkFormat","title":"","uri":null,"url":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.wired.com\u002Fstory\u002Fdecentralized-social-networks-sound-great-too-bad-theyll-never-work\u002F"}],"text":"co-author of an article"},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":" titled “Decentralized Social Networks Sound Great. Too Bad They’ll Never Work.” "}],"textAlign":"LEFT"},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":false,"adsDesktopHoldout":false,"adsHybrid":false,"adsMobile":false,"adsMobileHoldout":false,"bad":true,"index":32},{"__typename":"RelatedLinksBlock","description":[],"displayStyle":"STANDARD","related":[{"__typename":"Article","bylines":[{"__typename":"Byline","creators":[{"__typename":"Person","displayName":"Mike Isaac","id":"UGVyc29uOm55dDovL3BlcnNvbi81MWVhODljOS1hNDE4LTVlNWUtYWIxNy02NGRlZTI0NWM3OTI="},{"__typename":"Person","displayName":"Cecilia Kang","id":"UGVyc29uOm55dDovL3BlcnNvbi8yNjZmOWU2Zi1jZmZhLTU3NmQtYjMxNS03ZjhhZjdiMTczODI="}]}],"collections":[],"firstPublished":"2019-12-12T21:23:40.000Z","headline":{"__typename":"CreativeWorkHeadline","default":"F.T.C. Is Said to Consider an Injunction Against Facebook","seo":""},"id":"QXJ0aWNsZTpueXQ6Ly9hcnRpY2xlL2UxNmIyM2I1LTk2NTYtNTRjMy04NWE1LTMzNDMyZjVhNjI2ZQ==","promotionalHeadline":"F.T.C. 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So Do Its Partners.","seo":""},"id":"QXJ0aWNsZTpueXQ6Ly9hcnRpY2xlLzNmOTg3Yzk3LTFlZDgtNTQwOC05OThlLTQxMzQ1N2Q0ZDAyMA==","promotionalHeadline":"Partners in Facebook Cryptocurrency Are Also Skeptics","promotionalMedia":{"__typename":"Image","credit":"Libra Association","crops":[{"__typename":"ImageCrop","renditions":[{"__typename":"ImageRendition","name":"thumbLarge","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fstatic01.nyt.com\u002Fimages\u002F2019\u002F06\u002F25\u002Fbusiness\u002F25libra\u002Fmerlin_156590256_0959ff02-e7d7-4135-9591-9b9bd95cad19-thumbLarge.jpg","width":150}]},{"__typename":"ImageCrop","renditions":[{"__typename":"ImageRendition","name":"square640","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fstatic01.nyt.com\u002Fimages\u002F2019\u002F06\u002F25\u002Fbusiness\u002F25libra\u002Fmerlin_156590256_0959ff02-e7d7-4135-9591-9b9bd95cad19-square640.jpg","width":640}]},{"__typename":"ImageCrop","renditions":[{"__typename":"ImageRendition","name":"videoLarge","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fstatic01.nyt.com\u002Fimages\u002F2019\u002F06\u002F25\u002Fbusiness\u002F25libra\u002Fmerlin_156590256_0959ff02-e7d7-4135-9591-9b9bd95cad19-videoLarge.jpg","width":768},{"__typename":"ImageRendition","name":"mediumThreeByTwo440","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fstatic01.nyt.com\u002Fimages\u002F2019\u002F06\u002F25\u002Fbusiness\u002F25libra\u002Fmerlin_156590256_0959ff02-e7d7-4135-9591-9b9bd95cad19-mediumThreeByTwo440.jpg","width":440},{"__typename":"ImageRendition","name":"threeByTwoSmallAt2X","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fstatic01.nyt.com\u002Fimages\u002F2019\u002F06\u002F25\u002Fbusiness\u002F25libra\u002Fmerlin_156590256_0959ff02-e7d7-4135-9591-9b9bd95cad19-threeByTwoSmallAt2X.jpg","width":600}]}],"id":"SW1hZ2U6bnl0Oi8vaW1hZ2UvYjk0NjdhNGEtZTI1Zi01MjRmLTkwMTktMzc3MWRhMDVlZDcy"},"promotionalSummary":"The social media company said it had signed 27 partners to its Libra project. But executives at some of those companies said they were approaching it warily.","section":{"__typename":"Section","displayName":"Technology","id":"U2VjdGlvbjpueXQ6Ly9zZWN0aW9uLzQyMjQyNDBmLWIxYWItNTBiZC04ODFmLTc4MmQ2YTNiYzUyNw=="},"summary":"The social media company said it had signed 27 partners to its Libra project. But executives at some of those companies said they were approaching it warily.","typeOfMaterials":["News"],"url":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.nytimes.com\u002F2019\u002F06\u002F25\u002Ftechnology\u002Ffacebook-libra-cryptocurrency.html"},{"__typename":"Article","bylines":[{"__typename":"Byline","creators":[{"__typename":"Person","displayName":"Cecilia Kang","id":"UGVyc29uOm55dDovL3BlcnNvbi8yNjZmOWU2Zi1jZmZhLTU3NmQtYjMxNS03ZjhhZjdiMTczODI="},{"__typename":"Person","displayName":"Mike Isaac","id":"UGVyc29uOm55dDovL3BlcnNvbi81MWVhODljOS1hNDE4LTVlNWUtYWIxNy02NGRlZTI0NWM3OTI="},{"__typename":"Person","displayName":"Nathaniel Popper","id":"UGVyc29uOm55dDovL3BlcnNvbi80YjA5OTk5MS0zOWY2LTVmZmQtODhlYi02YTc3Y2VjY2VmZjg="}]}],"collections":[],"firstPublished":"2019-10-23T14:53:04.000Z","headline":{"__typename":"CreativeWorkHeadline","default":"Facebook’s Zuckerberg, Accused of Lying, Withstands a Washington 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"}],"textAlign":"LEFT"}]},"storyFormat":null,"storylines":[{"__typename":"AssociatedStoryline","ruleName":"styln-crypto-business","storyline":{"__typename":"Storyline","context":null,"displayName":"Cryptocurrency","experimentalJsonBlob":"{\"data\":[{\"version\":1,\"type\":\"experimentalJsonBlob\",\"data\":[{\"version\":1,\"type\":\"guide\",\"data\":{\"title\":\"Inside the World of Cryptocurrencies\",\"leadIn\":\"\",\"sections\":[{\"section\":[{\"type\":\"bulletedList\",\"value\":[\"\u003Cstrong\u003EA Small-Town Crypto Scam: \u003C\u002Fstrong\u003EHow did a successful, financially sophisticated banker \u003Ca href=\\\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.nytimes.com\u002F2025\u002F02\u002F19\u002Fmagazine\u002Fcryptocurrency-scam-kansas-heartland-bank.html\\\"\u003Egamble his community’s money away\u003C\u002Fa\u003E?\",\"\u003Cstrong\u003EA Cypto White Whale: \u003C\u002Fstrong\u003EFor 12 years, \u003Ca href=\\\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.nytimes.com\u002F2025\u002F02\u002F13\u002Fworld\u002Feurope\u002Fbitcoin-wales-james-howells-landfill.html\\\"\u003Ea man has begged officials to let him dig through a South Wales landfill\u003C\u002Fa\u003E to find a lost Bitcoin wallet that he says is worth around $800 million.\",\"\u003Cstrong\u003ETrump Memecoin:\u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E Some early traders made tens of millions off a new cryptocurrency launched by President Trump and his sons. \u003Ca href=\\\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.nytimes.com\u002F2025\u002F02\u002F09\u002Fus\u002Fpolitics\u002Ftrump-crypto-memecoin.html\\\"\u003EMany others lost out\u003C\u002Fa\u003E.\",\"\u003Cstrong\u003EBetting on Bitcoin:\u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E As the price of Bitcoin has \u003Ca href=\\\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.nytimes.com\u002F2024\u002F12\u002F04\u002Ftechnology\u002Fbitcoin-price-record.html\\\"\u003Esoared\u003C\u002Fa\u003E, a small but growing number of companies that have nothing to do with crypto have 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"},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[{"__typename":"LinkFormat","uri":"nyt:\u002F\u002Farticle\u002Fc595e8fe-b1a1-56d7-b3e3-f63a6e56e44a","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.nytimes.com\u002F2025\u002F02\u002F13\u002Fworld\u002Feurope\u002Fbitcoin-wales-james-howells-landfill.html"}],"text":"a man has begged officials to let him dig through a South Wales landfill"},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":" to find a lost Bitcoin wallet that he says is worth around $800 million."}]}]},{"__typename":"ListItemBlock","content":[{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[{"__typename":"BoldFormat"}],"text":"Trump Memecoin:"},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":" Some early traders made tens of millions off a new cryptocurrency launched by President Trump and his sons. "},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[{"__typename":"LinkFormat","uri":"nyt:\u002F\u002Farticle\u002Ff681bf9b-c830-55c1-9be5-95c7f30fc7cb","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.nytimes.com\u002F2025\u002F02\u002F09\u002Fus\u002Fpolitics\u002Ftrump-crypto-memecoin.html"}],"text":"Many others lost out"},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"."}]}]},{"__typename":"ListItemBlock","content":[{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[{"__typename":"BoldFormat"}],"text":"Betting on Bitcoin:"},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":" As the price of Bitcoin has "},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[{"__typename":"LinkFormat","uri":"nyt:\u002F\u002Farticle\u002F28b93764-d278-5c19-aee8-bc1d66091f63","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.nytimes.com\u002F2024\u002F12\u002F04\u002Ftechnology\u002Fbitcoin-price-record.html"}],"text":"soared"},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":", a small but growing number of companies that have nothing to do with crypto have started to "},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[{"__typename":"LinkFormat","uri":"nyt:\u002F\u002Farticle\u002Ffe8d3747-793b-5ec0-8fb0-69425de9dc33","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.nytimes.com\u002F2025\u002F01\u002F08\u002Fbusiness\u002Fbitcoin-crypto-company-treasury.html"}],"text":"build up stockpiles of the digital currency"},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"."}]}]},{"__typename":"ListItemBlock","content":[{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[{"__typename":"BoldFormat"}],"text":"Crypto Guide:"},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":" Our tech columnist believes that crypto is terribly explained. "},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[{"__typename":"LinkFormat","uri":"nyt:\u002F\u002Finteractive\u002Ffdfa79d6-21fb-5671-aaec-f568fca97293","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.nytimes.com\u002Finteractive\u002F2022\u002F03\u002F18\u002Ftechnology\u002Fcryptocurrency-crypto-guide.html"}],"text":"His mega-F.A.Q. is an attempt to fix that"},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"."}]}]}]}}]}]},"hubAssets":[],"primaryAssets":[],"promotedLiveAssets":[],"tone":"NEWS","topLinks":null,"uri":"nyt:\u002F\u002Fstoryline\u002F3ebf0054-7462-4612-9373-db6d88e097b3","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.nytimes.com\u002Fstoryline\u002F3ebf0054-7462-4612-9373-db6d88e097b3"},"testName":""},{"__typename":"AssociatedStoryline","ruleName":"styln-business-general","storyline":{"__typename":"Storyline","context":null,"displayName":"Best of Business","experimentalJsonBlob":"{\"data\":[{\"version\":1,\"type\":\"experimentalJsonBlob\",\"data\":[{\"version\":1,\"type\":\"guide\",\"data\":{\"title\":\"Explore Our Business and Tech Coverage\",\"leadIn\":\"Dive deeper into the people, issues and trends shaping the worlds of business and technology.\",\"sections\":[{\"section\":[{\"type\":\"bulletedList\",\"value\":[\"\u003Cstrong\u003EHow Altman Won Over Trump: \u003C\u002Fstrong\u003EAfter helping President Trump get elected, Elon Musk was poised to dominate America’s A.I. policies. 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Now amid a sudden pullback, \u003Ca href=\\\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.nytimes.com\u002F2025\u002F02\u002F05\u002Fbusiness\u002Fdei-target-black-sellers.html\\\"\u003Ethey worry the door might be closing\u003C\u002Fa\u003E.\",\"\u003Cstrong\u003ESilicon Valley Workers Quietly Protest: \u003C\u002Fstrong\u003EAs Mark Zuckerberg and other tech titans have embraced Trump and muffled internal dissent at their companies, their mostly left-leaning employees have objected with \u003Ca href=\\\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.nytimes.com\u002F2025\u002F01\u002F29\u002Ftechnology\u002Ftampons-silicon-valley-workers-protest.html\\\"\u003Esubtle acts of defiance\u003C\u002Fa\u003E.\",\"\u003Cstrong\u003EBill Gates Isn’t Like Those Other Tech Billionaires:\u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E The Microsoft co-founder and philanthropist is taking a break from the future to examine his past — and \u003Ca href=\\\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.nytimes.com\u002F2025\u002F01\u002F30\u002Ftechnology\u002Fbill-gates-tech-billionaires-memoir.html\\\"\u003Emulling where the billionaires now fit in\u003C\u002Fa\u003E.\"]}]}]}}]}]}","guide":{"__typename":"StorylineGuide","displayName":"Explore Our Business and Tech Coverage","leadIn":"Dive deeper into the people, issues and trends shaping the worlds of business and technology.","sections":[{"__typename":"StorylineGuideSection","items":[{"__typename":"StorylineGuideItem","content":{"__typename":"ListBlock","content":[{"__typename":"ListItemBlock","content":[{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[{"__typename":"BoldFormat"}],"text":"How Altman Won Over Trump: "},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"After helping President Trump get elected, Elon Musk was poised to dominate America’s A.I. policies. Then Sam Altman, the chief executive of OpenAI, "},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[{"__typename":"LinkFormat","uri":"nyt:\u002F\u002Farticle\u002Ffa5d0071-24b5-57d6-9e68-6c592806380e","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.nytimes.com\u002F2025\u002F02\u002F08\u002Ftechnology\u002Fsam-altman-elon-musk-trump.html"}],"text":"sneaked into the White House"},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"."}]}]},{"__typename":"ListItemBlock","content":[{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[{"__typename":"BoldFormat"}],"text":"Where to Find the Gossip: "},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"Emily Sundberg’s business newsletter, Feed Me, is read by dealmakers and strivers alike and "},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[{"__typename":"LinkFormat","uri":"nyt:\u002F\u002Farticle\u002F942a2fdd-62c8-563e-a76c-a33e475c82cb","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.nytimes.com\u002F2025\u002F02\u002F07\u002Fbusiness\u002Femily-sundberg-feed-me.html"}],"text":"has made her a rising Substack star"},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"."}]}]},{"__typename":"ListItemBlock","content":[{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[{"__typename":"BoldFormat"}],"text":"What Happens to Emerging Black Sellers?: "},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"Black-owned brands got a foot in the door through D.E.I. programs at big retailers like Target and Amazon. Now amid a sudden pullback, "},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[{"__typename":"LinkFormat","uri":"nyt:\u002F\u002Farticle\u002F01195438-338a-5fcc-930b-3aa95114c1c0","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.nytimes.com\u002F2025\u002F02\u002F05\u002Fbusiness\u002Fdei-target-black-sellers.html"}],"text":"they worry the door might be closing"},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"."}]}]},{"__typename":"ListItemBlock","content":[{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[{"__typename":"BoldFormat"}],"text":"Silicon Valley Workers Quietly Protest: "},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"As Mark Zuckerberg and other tech titans have embraced Trump and muffled internal dissent at their companies, their mostly left-leaning employees have objected with "},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[{"__typename":"LinkFormat","uri":"nyt:\u002F\u002Farticle\u002Fab5f9275-c085-5285-a15e-6397ae965a1f","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.nytimes.com\u002F2025\u002F01\u002F29\u002Ftechnology\u002Ftampons-silicon-valley-workers-protest.html"}],"text":"subtle acts of defiance"},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"."}]}]},{"__typename":"ListItemBlock","content":[{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[{"__typename":"BoldFormat"}],"text":"Bill Gates Isn’t Like Those Other Tech Billionaires:"},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":" The Microsoft co-founder and philanthropist is taking a break from the future to examine his past — and "},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[{"__typename":"LinkFormat","uri":"nyt:\u002F\u002Farticle\u002F6be1ebe8-d6bf-5352-bf58-c78c349d1c4d","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.nytimes.com\u002F2025\u002F01\u002F30\u002Ftechnology\u002Fbill-gates-tech-billionaires-memoir.html"}],"text":"mulling where the billionaires now fit in"},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"."}]}]}]}}]}]},"hubAssets":[],"primaryAssets":[],"promotedLiveAssets":[],"tone":"NEWS","topLinks":null,"uri":"nyt:\u002F\u002Fstoryline\u002F3ef25df1-b742-4684-8f0a-fae77b4d2826","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.nytimes.com\u002Fstoryline\u002F3ef25df1-b742-4684-8f0a-fae77b4d2826"},"testName":""}],"subsection":null,"summary":"A decentralized internet was hailed as a way to dethrone Twitter and Facebook. 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