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苏莱曼一世 (奥斯曼帝国) - 维基百科,自由的百科全书
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class=""><span>登录</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="更多选项" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="个人工具" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">个人工具</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="用户菜单" > <div 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</div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-早年" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#早年"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>早年</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-早年-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-戎马生涯" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#戎马生涯"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>戎马生涯</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-戎马生涯-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关戎马生涯子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-戎马生涯-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-征战欧罗巴" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#征战欧罗巴"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>征战欧罗巴</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-征战欧罗巴-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-与波斯的战事" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#与波斯的战事"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>与波斯的战事</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-与波斯的战事-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-地中海和北非战场" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#地中海和北非战场"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>地中海和北非战场</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-地中海和北非战场-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-政治改革" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#政治改革"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>政治改革</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-政治改革-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-文化成就" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#文化成就"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>文化成就</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-文化成就-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-个人生活" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#个人生活"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>个人生活</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-个人生活-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关个人生活子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-个人生活-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-许蕾姆苏丹" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#许蕾姆苏丹"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>许蕾姆苏丹</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-许蕾姆苏丹-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-易卜拉欣帕夏" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#易卜拉欣帕夏"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>易卜拉欣帕夏</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-易卜拉欣帕夏-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-储位之争" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#储位之争"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>储位之争</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-储位之争-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-死亡" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#死亡"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>死亡</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-死亡-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-遗产" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#遗产"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>遗产</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-遗产-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-注释" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#注释"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>注释</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-注释-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参考來源" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参考來源"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>参考來源</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参考來源-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-延伸阅读" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#延伸阅读"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>延伸阅读</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-延伸阅读-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-外部链接" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#外部链接"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>外部链接</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-外部链接-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">苏莱曼一世 (奥斯曼帝国)</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。125种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-125" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">125种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D3%99%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD_I" title="Шәлиман I – 阿布哈西亚语" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="Шәлиман I" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="阿布哈西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%BCleyman_I" title="Süleyman I – 南非荷兰语" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Süleyman I" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="南非荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%BCleyman_I." title="Süleyman I. – 瑞士德语" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Süleyman I." data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="瑞士德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%B1%E1%88%88%E1%8B%AD%E1%88%9B%E1%8A%95_%E1%8A%A5%E1%8C%B9%E1%89%A5_%E1%8B%B5%E1%8A%95%E1%89%85" title="ሱለይማን እጹብ ድንቅ – 阿姆哈拉语" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ሱለይማን እጹብ ድንቅ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="阿姆哈拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solim%C3%A1n_I_o_Magnifico" title="Solimán I o Magnifico – 阿拉贡语" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Solimán I o Magnifico" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="阿拉贡语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A" title="سليمان القانوني – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="سليمان القانوني" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D9%86%D9%89" title="سليمان القانونى – 埃及阿拉伯文" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="سليمان القانونى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="埃及阿拉伯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solim%C3%A1n_el_Magn%C3%ADficu" title="Solimán el Magníficu – 阿斯图里亚斯语" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Solimán el Magníficu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="阿斯图里亚斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultan_S%C3%BCleyman_Qanuni" title="Sultan Süleyman Qanuni – 阿塞拜疆语" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Sultan Süleyman Qanuni" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="阿塞拜疆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C" title="سلیمان قانونی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="سلیمان قانونی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D3%A9%D0%BB%D3%99%D0%B9%D0%BC%D3%99%D0%BD_I" title="Сөләймән I – 巴什基尔语" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Сөләймән I" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="巴什基尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suleimans_D%C4%97dl%C4%ABs%C4%97s" title="Suleimans Dėdlīsės – 薩莫吉希亞文" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Suleimans Dėdlīsės" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="薩莫吉希亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD_I" title="Сулейман I – 白俄罗斯语" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Сулейман I" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="白俄罗斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD_I" title="Сулейман I – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Сулейман I" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sul%C3%A9man_Kanuni" title="Suléman Kanuni – 貝塔維文" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Suléman Kanuni" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="貝塔維文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%8E%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD_I" title="Сюлейман I – 保加利亚语" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Сюлейман I" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="保加利亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8" title="সুলতান সুলাইমান – 孟加拉语" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="সুলতান সুলাইমান" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="孟加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suleiman_ar_Meurdezus" title="Suleiman ar Meurdezus – 布列塔尼语" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Suleiman ar Meurdezus" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="布列塔尼语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulejman_I" title="Sulejman I – 波斯尼亚语" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Sulejman I" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="波斯尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulaiman_I" title="Sulaiman I – Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Sulaiman I" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Mandailing</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/I_%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="I Сулейман – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="I Сулейман" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solim%C3%A0_I_el_Magn%C3%ADfic" title="Solimà I el Magnífic – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Solimà I el Magnífic" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD_I" title="Сулейман I – 车臣语" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Сулейман I" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="车臣语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%84%DB%95%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C" title="سولەیمان قانوونی – 中库尔德语" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="سولەیمان قانوونی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="中库尔德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulejman_I." title="Sulejman I. – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Sulejman I." data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD_I" title="Сулейман I – 楚瓦什语" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Сулейман I" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="楚瓦什语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swleiman_I" title="Swleiman I – 威尔士语" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Swleiman I" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="威尔士语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%BCleyman_1." title="Süleyman 1. – 丹麦语" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Süleyman 1." data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="丹麦语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%BCleyman_I." title="Süleyman I. – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Süleyman I." data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C4%B1l%C3%AAman_I" title="Sılêman I – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Sılêman I" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%BB%CE%B5%CF%8A%CE%BC%CE%AC%CE%BD_%CE%91%CE%84_%CE%BF_%CE%9C%CE%B5%CE%B3%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%BF%CF%80%CF%81%CE%B5%CF%80%CE%AE%CF%82" title="Σουλεϊμάν Α΄ ο Μεγαλοπρεπής – 希腊语" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Σουλεϊμάν Α΄ ο Μεγαλοπρεπής" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="希腊语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suleiman_the_Magnificent" title="Suleiman the Magnificent – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Suleiman the Magnificent" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulejmano_la_1-a" title="Sulejmano la 1-a – 世界语" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Sulejmano la 1-a" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solim%C3%A1n_el_Magn%C3%ADfico" title="Solimán el Magnífico – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Solimán el Magnífico" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suleiman_I" title="Suleiman I – 爱沙尼亚语" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Suleiman I" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="爱沙尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suleiman_I.a" title="Suleiman I.a – 巴斯克语" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Suleiman I.a" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86_%DB%8C%DA%A9%D9%85" title="سلیمان یکم – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سلیمان یکم" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suleiman_Suuri" title="Suleiman Suuri – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Suleiman Suuri" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suleiman_mikli" title="Suleiman mikli – 法罗语" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Suleiman mikli" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="法罗语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="优良条目"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soliman_le_Magnifique" title="Soliman le Magnifique – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Soliman le Magnifique" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%BCleyman_I." title="Süleyman I. – 北弗里西亚语" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Süleyman I." data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="北弗里西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suleiman_Oll%C3%A1sach" title="Suleiman Ollásach – 爱尔兰语" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Suleiman Ollásach" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="爱尔兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%98%87%E8%90%8A%E6%9B%BC%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96" title="蘇萊曼一世 – 赣语" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="蘇萊曼一世" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="赣语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soliman_Magnifik-a" title="Soliman Magnifik-a – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Soliman Magnifik-a" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%BCleyman_I" title="Süleyman I – 苏格兰盖尔语" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Süleyman I" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="苏格兰盖尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suleiman_I" title="Suleiman I – 加利西亚语" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Suleiman I" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="加利西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solim%C3%A3_pe_Momor%C3%A3mb%C3%BDva" title="Solimã pe Momorãmbýva – 瓜拉尼语" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Solimã pe Momorãmbýva" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="瓜拉尼语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suleiman_Mai_Girma" title="Suleiman Mai Girma – 豪萨语" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Suleiman Mai Girma" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="豪萨语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%9F_%D7%94%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%A9%D7%95%D7%9F" title="סולימאן הראשון – 希伯来语" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="סולימאן הראשון" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%AE" title="सुलेमान प्रथम – 印地语" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="सुलेमान प्रथम" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="印地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suleiman_the_Magnificent" title="Suleiman the Magnificent – 斐濟印地文" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Suleiman the Magnificent" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="斐濟印地文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulejman_I." title="Sulejman I. – 克罗地亚语" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Sulejman I." data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="优良条目"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/I._Szulejm%C3%A1n_oszm%C3%A1n_szult%C3%A1n" title="I. Szulejmán oszmán szultán – 匈牙利语" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="I. Szulejmán oszmán szultán" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="匈牙利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%AC%D5%A5%D5%B5%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%B6_I" title="Սուլեյման I – 亚美尼亚语" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Սուլեյման I" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="亚美尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%BCleyman_I" title="Süleyman I – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Süleyman I" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suleiman_I" title="Suleiman I – 伊洛卡诺语" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Suleiman I" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="伊洛卡诺语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%BAleiman_mikli" title="Súleiman mikli – 冰岛语" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Súleiman mikli" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="冰岛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="优良条目"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solimano_il_Magnifico" title="Solimano il Magnifico – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Solimano il Magnifico" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B9%E3%83%AC%E3%82%A4%E3%83%9E%E3%83%B31%E4%B8%96" title="スレイマン1世 – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="スレイマン1世" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulieman_di_Magnifisent" title="Sulieman di Magnifisent – 牙買加克里奧爾英文" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Sulieman di Magnifisent" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="牙買加克里奧爾英文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%98%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C_I" title="სულეიმან I – 格鲁吉亚语" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="სულეიმან I" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="格鲁吉亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultan_Suleyman" title="Sultan Suleyman – 卡拉卡尔帕克语" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Sultan Suleyman" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="卡拉卡尔帕克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/I_%D0%A1%D2%AF%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="I Сүлеймен – 哈萨克语" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="I Сүлеймен" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="哈萨克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%89%B4%EB%A0%88%EC%9D%B4%EB%A7%8C_1%EC%84%B8" title="쉴레이만 1세 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="쉴레이만 1세" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siltan_Sil%C3%AAman%C3%AA_Qan%C3%BBn%C3%AE" title="Siltan Silêmanê Qanûnî – 库尔德语" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Siltan Silêmanê Qanûnî" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="库尔德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suleiman_Vrasoberys" title="Suleiman Vrasoberys – 康沃尔语" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Suleiman Vrasoberys" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="康沃尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suleimanus_I_(sultanus_Ottomanicus)" title="Suleimanus I (sultanus Ottomanicus) – 拉丁语" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Suleimanus I (sultanus Ottomanicus)" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="拉丁语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soliman_le_Magnifich" title="Soliman le Magnifich – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Soliman le Magnifich" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soliman_el_Magnifich" title="Soliman el Magnifich – 倫巴底文" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Soliman el Magnifich" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="倫巴底文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suleimanas_Didysis" title="Suleimanas Didysis – 立陶宛语" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Suleimanas Didysis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="立陶宛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suleimans_I" title="Suleimans I – 拉脱维亚语" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Suleimans I" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="拉脱维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suleiman_I" title="Suleiman I – 马拉加斯语" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Suleiman I" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="马拉加斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%BCleyman_I" title="Süleyman I – 米南佳保语" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Süleyman I" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="米南佳保语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%98%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%82" title="Сулејман Величествениот – 马其顿语" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Сулејман Величествениот" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="马其顿语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%81%E0%B5%BD%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BB_%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BB" title="സുൽത്താൻ സുലെയ്മാൻ – 马拉雅拉姆语" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="സുൽത്താൻ സുലെയ്മാൻ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="马拉雅拉姆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="पहिला सुलेमान – 马拉地语" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="पहिला सुलेमान" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="马拉地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulaiman_al-Qanuni" title="Sulaiman al-Qanuni – 马来语" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Sulaiman al-Qanuni" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="马来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%99%E1%80%9F%E1%80%AC_%E1%80%86%E1%80%B0%E1%80%9C%E1%80%B1%E1%80%99%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA" title="မဟာ ဆူလေမန် – 缅甸语" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="မဟာ ဆူလေမန်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="缅甸语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C" title="سلیمان قانونی – 马赞德兰语" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="سلیمان قانونی" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="马赞德兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%BCleyman_I." title="Süleyman I. – 低地德语" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Süleyman I." data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="低地德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%BCleyman_I" title="Süleyman I – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Süleyman I" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suleiman_I_av_Det_osmanske_riket" title="Suleiman I av Det osmanske riket – 挪威尼诺斯克语" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Suleiman I av Det osmanske riket" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="挪威尼诺斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suleiman_I_den_store" title="Suleiman I den store – 书面挪威语" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Suleiman I den store" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="书面挪威语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soliman_lo_Magnific" title="Soliman lo Magnific – 奥克语" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Soliman lo Magnific" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="奥克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0_%E0%A8%B8%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A8" title="ਸ਼ਾਨਦਾਰ ਸੁਲੇਮਾਨ – 旁遮普语" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਸ਼ਾਨਦਾਰ ਸੁਲੇਮਾਨ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="旁遮普语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulejman_Wspania%C5%82y" title="Sulejman Wspaniały – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Sulejman Wspaniały" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soliman_%C3%ABl_Magn%C3%ACfich" title="Soliman ël Magnìfich – 皮埃蒙特文" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Soliman ël Magnìfich" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="皮埃蒙特文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%B8%D9%85" title="سلیمان اعظم – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="سلیمان اعظم" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A" title="سلیمان قانوني – 普什图语" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="سلیمان قانوني" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="普什图语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solim%C3%A3o,_o_Magn%C3%ADfico" title="Solimão, o Magnífico – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Solimão, o Magnífico" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soliman_I" title="Soliman I – 罗马尼亚语" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Soliman I" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="罗马尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD_I" title="Сулейман I – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Сулейман I" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%9F%D1%8B%D1%88%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9" title="Сулейман Пышный – 盧森尼亞文" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Сулейман Пышный" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="盧森尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/I_%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="I Сулейман – 萨哈语" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="I Сулейман" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="萨哈语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solimanu_lu_Magn%C3%ACficu" title="Solimanu lu Magnìficu – 西西里语" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Solimanu lu Magnìficu" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="西西里语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulejman_I" title="Sulejman I – 塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Sulejman I" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%99%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A_I" title="සුලෙයිමාන් I – 僧伽罗语" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="සුලෙයිමාන් I" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="僧伽罗语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suleiman_the_Magnificent" title="Suleiman the Magnificent – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Suleiman the Magnificent" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%BCleyman_I." title="Süleyman I. – 斯洛伐克语" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Süleyman I." data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="斯洛伐克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulejman_I." title="Sulejman I. – 斯洛文尼亚语" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Sulejman I." data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="斯洛文尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suldaan_Suleymaan_Al_Qaanuuni" title="Suldaan Suleymaan Al Qaanuuni – 索马里语" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Suldaan Suleymaan Al Qaanuuni" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="索马里语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulejmani_I" title="Sulejmani I – 阿尔巴尼亚语" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Sulejmani I" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="阿尔巴尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%98%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Сулејман Величанствени – 塞尔维亚语" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Сулејман Величанствени" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%BCleyman_I" title="Süleyman I – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Süleyman I" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suleiman_I" title="Suleiman I – 斯瓦希里语" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Suleiman I" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="斯瓦希里语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D" title="முதலாம் சுலைமான் – 泰米尔语" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="முதலாம் சுலைமான்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="泰米尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%9C%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%89%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3" title="สุลัยมานผู้เกรียงไกร – 泰语" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="สุลัยมานผู้เกรียงไกร" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="泰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%BCle%C3%BDman_I" title="Süleýman I – 土库曼语" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Süleýman I" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="土库曼语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suleiman_I" title="Suleiman I – 他加禄语" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Suleiman I" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="他加禄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/I_Sulejman" title="I Sulejman – 塔里什文" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="I Sulejman" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="塔里什文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/I._S%C3%BCleyman" title="I. Süleyman – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="I. Süleyman" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%B6l%C3%A4yman_I_Qanuni" title="Söläyman I Qanuni – 鞑靼语" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Söläyman I Qanuni" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="鞑靼语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD_I" title="Сулейман I – 图瓦语" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="Сулейман I" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="图瓦语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тыва дыл</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD_I" title="Сулейман I – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Сулейман I" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%84" title="سلیمان اول – 乌尔都语" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="سلیمان اول" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="乌尔都语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulaymon_I" title="Sulaymon I – 乌兹别克语" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Sulaymon I" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="乌兹别克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suleiman_I" title="Suleiman I – 维普森语" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Suleiman I" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="维普森语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suleiman_I" title="Suleiman I – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Suleiman I" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suleiman_I" title="Suleiman I – 瓦瑞语" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Suleiman I" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="瓦瑞语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E8%8E%B1%E6%9B%BC%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96%EF%BC%88%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%EF%BC%89" title="苏莱曼一世(奥斯曼帝国) – 吴语" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="苏莱曼一世(奥斯曼帝国)" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="吴语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%98%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C_I" title="სულეიმან I – 明格列爾文" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="სულეიმან I" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="明格列爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%9F_%D7%93%D7%A2%D7%A8_%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%A9%D7%98%D7%A2%D7%A8" title="סוליימאן דער ערשטער – 意第绪语" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="סוליימאן דער ערשטער" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="意第绪语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%98%87%E8%90%8A%E6%9B%BC%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96" title="蘇萊曼一世 – 文言文" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="蘇萊曼一世" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="文言文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suleyman_1-s%C3%A8" title="Suleyman 1-sè – 闽南语" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Suleyman 1-sè" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="闽南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%98%87%E9%87%8C%E6%B0%91%E5%A4%A7%E5%B8%9D" title="蘇里民大帝 – 粤语" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="蘇里民大帝" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="粤语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q8474#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空间"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a 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class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=%E8%8B%8F%E8%8E%B1%E6%9B%BC%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96_%28%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%29&action=show-download-screen"><span>下载为PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="javascript:print();" rel="alternate" title="本页面的可打印版本[p]" accesskey="p"><span>打印页面</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 在其他项目中 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Kanuni_Sultan_S%C3%BCleyman" hreflang="en"><span>维基共享资源</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikiquote mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikiquote.org/wiki/%E8%98%87%E8%90%8A%E6%9B%BC%E5%A4%A7%E5%B8%9D" 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data-noteta-code="zh-cn:伊斯坦布尔;zh-hk:伊斯坦堡;zh-sg:伊斯坦堡;zh-tw:伊斯坦堡;"></div></div></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r83732082">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}@media screen and 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.infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn" style="background-color: #cbe; font-size: 125%">苏莱曼一世<br /><small><span lang="tr">Sultān Suleimān-i evvel</span><br />سلطان سليمان اول</small></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E5%8F%91" class="mw-redirect" title="奥斯曼帝国哈里发">奥斯曼帝国哈里发</a><br /><span class="ilh-all ilh-blue" data-orig-title="众信士长官" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Amir al-Mu'minin"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%97%E4%BF%A1%E5%A3%AB%E9%95%BF%E5%AE%98" class="mw-redirect" title="众信士长官">众信士长官</a></span></span><br /><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%95%E8%BF%AA%E6%B2%99%E9%98%BF" title="帕迪沙阿">帕迪沙阿</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="奥斯曼帝国苏丹列表">奥斯曼帝国苏丹</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%A4%E5%9C%A3%E5%9C%B0%E7%9B%91%E6%8A%A4%E4%BA%BA" title="两圣地监护人">两圣地监护人</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image photo"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:EmperorSuleiman.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/EmperorSuleiman.jpg/220px-EmperorSuleiman.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="257" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/EmperorSuleiman.jpg/330px-EmperorSuleiman.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/EmperorSuleiman.jpg/440px-EmperorSuleiman.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1810" data-file-height="2117" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:normal;padding-bottom:0.2em;padding-top:0.2em;">据为<a href="/wiki/%E6%8F%90%E9%A6%99" class="mw-redirect" title="提香">提香</a>所作的苏莱曼画像,约1530年</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e4dcf6;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em 0.2em;">第2任<a href="/wiki/%E9%84%82%E5%9C%96%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E7%99%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="鄂圖曼帝國哈里發">奥斯曼帝国哈里发</a><br />第10任<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="奥斯曼帝国苏丹列表">奥斯曼帝国苏丹</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;;">統治</th><td class="infobox-data" style="">1520年9月30日–1566年9月6日(45年341天)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A7%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E4%B9%8B%E5%8A%8D" title="奧斯曼之劍">束劍</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">1520年9月30日</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;;">前任</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E5%88%A9%E5%A7%86%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96" title="塞利姆一世">塞利姆一世</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;;">繼任</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E5%88%A9%E5%A7%86%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%96" title="塞利姆二世">塞利姆二世</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e4dcf6;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em 0.2em;"><div style="height: 4px; width:100%;"></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;;">出生</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1494-11-06</span>)</span>1494年11月6日<br /><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD" title="奥斯曼帝国">奥斯曼帝国</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E6%8B%89%E5%B8%83%E5%AE%97" title="特拉布宗">特拉布宗</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;;">逝世</th><td class="infobox-data" style="">1566年9月6日<span style="display:none">(<span class="dday deathdate">1566歲—09—06</span>)</span>(71歲)<br /><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%88%E7%89%99%E5%88%A9%E7%8E%8B%E5%9B%BD" title="匈牙利王国">匈牙利王国</a><a href="/wiki/%E9%8C%AB%E8%93%8B%E7%89%B9%E5%A0%A1" title="錫蓋特堡">锡盖特堡</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;;">安葬</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><div style="display:inline" class="label"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E5%B8%83%E5%B0%94" class="mw-redirect" title="伊斯坦布尔">伊斯坦布尔</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E8%8E%B1%E6%9B%BC%E5%B0%BC%E8%80%B6%E6%B8%85%E7%9C%9F%E5%AF%BA" title="苏莱曼尼耶清真寺">苏莱曼尼耶清真寺</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;;">配偶</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E8%AE%B8%E8%95%BE%E5%A7%86%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9" title="许蕾姆苏丹">许蕾姆苏丹</a>(正室)<br /><a href="/wiki/%E7%91%AA%E5%B8%8C%E5%BE%B7%E5%BC%97%E6%9C%97" title="瑪希德弗朗">居尔巴哈尔苏丹</a><br /><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="居尔费姆哈屯" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Gülfem Hatun"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B1%85%E5%B0%94%E8%B4%B9%E5%A7%86%E5%93%88%E5%B1%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="居尔费姆哈屯(页面不存在)">居尔费姆哈屯</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%BClfem_Hatun" class="extiw" title="en:Gülfem Hatun"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Gülfem Hatun</span></a></span>)</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;;">子嗣</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="马哈茂德皇子 (苏莱曼大帝之子)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Şehzade Mahmud (son of Suleiman the Magnificent)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A9%AC%E5%93%88%E8%8C%82%E5%BE%B7%E7%9A%87%E5%AD%90_(%E8%8B%8F%E8%8E%B1%E6%9B%BC%E5%A4%A7%E5%B8%9D%E4%B9%8B%E5%AD%90)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="马哈茂德皇子 (苏莱曼大帝之子)(页面不存在)">马哈茂德皇子</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eehzade_Mahmud_(son_of_Suleiman_the_Magnificent)" class="extiw" title="en:Şehzade Mahmud (son of Suleiman the Magnificent)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Şehzade Mahmud (son of Suleiman the Magnificent)</span></a></span>)</span></span><br /><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E5%A1%94%E6%B3%95%E7%9A%87%E5%AD%90_(%E8%98%87%E8%90%8A%E6%9B%BC%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96)" title="穆斯塔法皇子 (蘇萊曼一世)">穆斯塔法皇子</a><br />穆拉德皇子<br /><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="穆罕默德皇子" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Şehzade Mehmed"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A9%86%E7%BD%95%E9%BB%98%E5%BE%B7%E7%9A%87%E5%AD%90&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="穆罕默德皇子(页面不存在)">穆罕默德皇子</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eehzade_Mehmed" class="extiw" title="en:Şehzade Mehmed"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Şehzade Mehmed</span></a></span>)</span></span><br /><a href="/wiki/%E7%B1%B3%E8%B5%AB%E9%BA%97%E7%91%AA%E8%98%87%E4%B8%B9" title="米赫麗瑪蘇丹">米赫麗瑪蘇丹</a><br /><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="阿卜杜拉皇子" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Şehzade Abdullah"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E5%8D%9C%E6%9D%9C%E6%8B%89%E7%9A%87%E5%AD%90&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿卜杜拉皇子(页面不存在)">阿卜杜拉皇子</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eehzade_Abdullah" class="extiw" title="en:Şehzade Abdullah"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Şehzade Abdullah</span></a></span>)</span></span><br /><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E5%88%A9%E5%A7%86%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%96" title="塞利姆二世">塞利姆二世</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E8%80%B6%E6%BF%9F%E5%BE%B7%E7%9A%87%E5%AD%90_(%E8%98%87%E8%90%8A%E6%9B%BC%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96)" title="巴耶濟德皇子 (蘇萊曼一世)">巴耶濟德皇子</a><br /><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="吉汉哲皇子" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Şehzade Cihangir"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%90%89%E6%B1%89%E5%93%B2%E7%9A%87%E5%AD%90&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="吉汉哲皇子(页面不存在)">吉汉哲皇子</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eehzade_Cihangir" class="extiw" title="en:Şehzade Cihangir"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Şehzade Cihangir</span></a></span>)</span></span><br /><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="拉泽耶苏丹" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Raziye Sultan"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%8B%89%E6%B3%BD%E8%80%B6%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="拉泽耶苏丹(页面不存在)">拉泽耶苏丹</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raziye_Sultan" class="extiw" title="en:Raziye Sultan"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Raziye Sultan</span></a></span>)</span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style=""><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83732082"><table class="infobox" style="border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:left;">全名</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data nickname" style="text-align:left; padding-left:0.7em;;">苏莱曼沙阿·本·塞利姆沙阿汗<br />Süleyman Şah bin Selim Şah Han</td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E4%BB%A3" title="朝代">王朝</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A7%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="奧斯曼王朝">奥斯曼王朝</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;;">父親</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E5%88%A9%E5%A7%86%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96" title="塞利姆一世">塞利姆一世</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;;">母親</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E8%89%BE%E8%AC%9D%C2%B7%E5%93%88%E8%8A%99%E8%8E%8E%E8%98%87%E4%B8%B9" title="艾謝·哈芙莎蘇丹">艾谢·哈芙莎苏丹</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;;">宗教信仰</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E9%80%8A%E5%B0%BC%E6%B4%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="逊尼派">伊斯兰教逊尼派</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;;"><a href="/wiki/%E8%8A%B1%E6%8A%BC_(%E5%A5%A7%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B%E8%98%87%E4%B8%B9)" class="mw-redirect" title="花押 (奧斯曼帝國蘇丹)">花押</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tughra_of_Suleiman_I_the_Magnificent.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="苏莱曼一世 Sultān Suleimān-i evvel سلطان سليمان اول的签名"><img alt="苏莱曼一世 Sultān Suleimān-i evvel سلطان سليمان اول的签名" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Tughra_of_Suleiman_I_the_Magnificent.svg/125px-Tughra_of_Suleiman_I_the_Magnificent.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="88" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Tughra_of_Suleiman_I_the_Magnificent.svg/188px-Tughra_of_Suleiman_I_the_Magnificent.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Tughra_of_Suleiman_I_the_Magnificent.svg/250px-Tughra_of_Suleiman_I_the_Magnificent.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="357" data-file-height="252" /></a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>苏莱曼一世</b>(<a href="/wiki/%E9%84%82%E5%9C%96%E6%9B%BC%E5%9C%9F%E8%80%B3%E5%85%B6%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="鄂圖曼土耳其語">鄂圖曼土耳其語</a>:<span lang="ota" dir="rtl">سليمان اول</span>‎;<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E8%80%B3%E5%85%B6%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="土耳其語">土耳其語</a>:<span lang="tr">I. Süleyman</span>;1494年11月6日—1566年9月6日),也译作<b>苏里曼一世</b><sup id="cite_ref-cihai_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cihai-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>,是<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD" title="奥斯曼帝国">奥斯曼帝国</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="奥斯曼帝国苏丹列表">第10位</a>和在位时间最长的<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9_(%E7%A7%B0%E8%B0%93)" title="苏丹 (称谓)">苏丹</a>(1520年-1566年在位),并同时兼任<a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E5%8F%91" title="哈里发">哈里发</a>之职<span id="noteTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>註 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span>。因为苏莱曼一世的功勋,他在<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E6%96%B9%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C" title="西方世界">西方</a>尊称为<b>苏莱曼<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E5%B8%9D" title="大帝">大帝</a></b>(<a href="/wiki/%E9%84%82%E5%9C%96%E6%9B%BC%E5%9C%9F%E8%80%B3%E5%85%B6%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="鄂圖曼土耳其語">鄂圖曼土耳其語</a>:<span lang="ota" dir="rtl">محتشم سليمان</span>‎、现代<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E8%80%B3%E5%85%B6%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="土耳其語">土耳其語</a>:<span lang="tr">Muhteşem Süleyman</span>,<a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E4%B8%81%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="拉丁語">拉丁語</a>:<span lang="la">Suleimanus Magnificus</span><span id="noteTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-westname_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-westname-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>註 2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span>)<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>,而他因在位时完成了对奥斯曼帝国法律体系的改造,在国内和东方又称为<b>「立法者」苏丹苏莱曼</b>(奥斯曼土耳其文:<span lang="tr">قانونى سلطان سليمان</span>、现代土耳其文:<span lang="tr">Kanuni Sultan Süleyman</span>、阿拉伯语:<span lang="ar" dir="rtl">السلطان سليمان القانوني</span>‎<span id="noteTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-eastname_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eastname-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>註 3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span>)。 </p><p>苏莱曼大帝是<a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A7%E6%B4%B2" title="欧洲">欧洲</a>16世纪的一位杰出的君主,在他的统治下,奥斯曼帝国在<a href="/wiki/%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB" title="政治">政治</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E" title="经济">经济</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%86%9B%E4%BA%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="军事">军事</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96" title="文化">文化</a>等诸多方面都进入全盛时期。苏莱曼大帝亲自统帅<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%86%9B%E9%98%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="奥斯曼军队">奥斯曼军队</a>占领并征服了<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E6%95%99" title="基督教">基督教</a>重镇<a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E6%A0%BC%E8%8E%B1%E5%BE%B7" title="贝尔格莱德">贝尔格莱德</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E5%BE%97%E5%B2%9B" title="罗得岛">罗得岛</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%88%E7%89%99%E5%88%A9" title="匈牙利">匈牙利</a>的大部分,<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E4%BA%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="奥斯曼人">奥斯曼人</a>的扩张态势一直到1529年的<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E4%B9%9F%E7%BA%B3%E4%B9%8B%E5%9B%B4" title="维也纳之围">维也纳之围</a>时才被暂时遏制。苏莱曼大帝在与<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E6%96%AF" title="波斯">波斯</a>(今<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%9C%97" title="伊朗">伊朗</a>)<a href="/wiki/%E8%90%A8%E9%9D%9E%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="萨非王朝">萨非王朝</a>的战争中占领了大半个<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E4%B8%9C%E5%9C%B0%E5%8C%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="中东地区">中东地区</a>,并将西至<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%B0%94%E5%8F%8A%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A" title="阿尔及利亚">阿尔及利亚</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E9%9D%9E" title="北非">北非</a>大部地区纳入奥斯曼帝国版图。苏莱曼大帝在位期间,奥斯曼帝国<a href="/wiki/%E8%89%A6%E9%9A%8A" class="mw-disambig" title="艦隊">舰队</a>称霸<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E4%B8%AD%E6%B5%B7" title="地中海">地中海</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A2%E6%B5%B7" title="红海">红海</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E6%96%AF%E6%B9%BE" title="波斯湾">波斯湾</a><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。在他的治理下,鄂圖曼帝國統治了一千五百萬到二千五百萬人。 </p><p>作为一个帝国的舵手,苏莱曼大帝亲自进行了社会、教育、税收和刑律等方面的<a href="/wiki/%E7%AB%8B%E6%B3%95" class="mw-redirect" title="立法">立法</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%94%B9%E9%9D%A9" title="改革">改革</a>。他主持编撰的权威法典(或卡农)奠定了在他逝世后帝国数个世纪的法律制度基础。苏莱曼大帝不但凭借他自己的努力成为一名出色的<a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%97%E4%BA%BA" title="诗人">诗人</a>和金匠(受過良好的教育,講五種語言),他还是文化的大资助人。他在位时期是奥斯曼帝国<a href="/wiki/%E8%89%BA%E6%9C%AF" title="艺术">艺术</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E5%AD%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="文学">文学</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A7%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%BB%BA%E7%AF%89" title="奧斯曼建築">建筑</a>的黄金时代<sup id="cite_ref-atil24_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-atil24-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>苏莱曼大帝打破鄂圖曼人的传统,迎娶了<a href="/wiki/%E7%83%8F%E5%85%8B%E8%98%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="烏克蘭">烏克蘭</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%B4%E9%9A%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="奴隶">奴隶</a>出身的<a href="/wiki/%E8%AE%B8%E8%95%BE%E5%A7%86%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9" title="许蕾姆苏丹">罗克塞拉娜</a>,并使她成为他的<a href="/wiki/%E7%9A%87%E5%90%8E" title="皇后">皇后</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%AE%B8%E8%95%BE%E5%A7%86%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9" title="许蕾姆苏丹">许蕾姆苏丹</a>。许蕾姆苏丹不仅在帝国后宫有很大的影响力,还积极参与苏莱曼大帝的政治生活。许蕾姆苏丹最疼愛的兒子巴耶濟德因爭位被同母兄弟塞利姆皇子殺死,<a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E5%88%A9%E5%A7%86%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%96" title="塞利姆二世">塞利姆皇子</a>在苏莱曼大帝去世后继任苏丹之位。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="早年"><span id=".E6.97.A9.E5.B9.B4"></span>早年</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%8F%E8%8E%B1%E6%9B%BC%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96_(%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD)&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节:早年"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Semailname_47b.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Semailname_47b.jpg/150px-Semailname_47b.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="263" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Semailname_47b.jpg/225px-Semailname_47b.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Semailname_47b.jpg/300px-Semailname_47b.jpg 2x" data-file-width="345" data-file-height="605" /></a><figcaption>年轻的苏莱曼一世</figcaption></figure> <p>苏莱曼一世出生于<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%91%E6%B5%B7" title="黑海">黑海</a>之滨的<a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E6%8B%89%E5%B8%83%E5%AE%97" title="特拉布宗">特拉布宗</a>,具体日期可能是1494年11月6日<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。他的母亲是亚武兹苏丹<a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E5%88%A9%E5%A7%86%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96" title="塞利姆一世">塞利姆一世</a>的<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="蘇丹后 (奧斯曼帝國)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Haseki sultan"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%98%87%E4%B8%B9%E5%90%8E_(%E5%A5%A7%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="蘇丹后 (奧斯曼帝國)(页面不存在)">蘇丹后</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haseki_sultan" class="extiw" title="en:Haseki sultan"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Haseki sultan</span></a></span>)</span></span>(后成为<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9%E7%9A%87%E5%A4%AA%E5%90%8E" class="mw-redirect" title="苏丹皇太后">皇太后</a>)<a href="/wiki/%E8%89%BE%E8%AC%9D%C2%B7%E5%93%88%E8%8A%99%E8%8E%8E%E8%98%87%E4%B8%B9" title="艾謝·哈芙莎蘇丹">艾谢·哈芙莎苏丹</a>,于1534年逝世。苏莱曼7岁时,被送往帝都<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E5%B8%83%E5%B0%94" class="mw-redirect" title="伊斯坦布尔">伊斯坦布尔</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%89%98%E6%99%AE%E5%8D%A1%E7%8F%80%E5%AE%AB" title="托普卡珀宫">托普卡珀宫</a>的皇家学校学习<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6" title="科学">科学</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2" title="历史">历史</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E5%AD%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="文学">文学</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%9E%E5%AD%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="神学">神学</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B5%E6%B3%95" title="兵法">兵法</a>。苏莱曼年轻时,与一名奴隶<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%95%E5%B0%94%E5%8A%A0%E5%8B%92%C2%B7%E6%98%93%E5%8D%9C%E6%8B%89%E6%AC%A3%E5%B8%95%E5%A4%8F" title="帕尔加勒·易卜拉欣帕夏">易卜拉欣</a>结下友谊,易卜拉欣日后成为苏莱曼最信任的<a href="/wiki/%E9%A1%BE%E9%97%AE" class="mw-redirect" title="顾问">顾问</a>之一,并曾任<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E7%B6%AD%E9%BD%8A%E7%88%BE" title="大維齊爾">大维齐尔</a><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。从17岁开始,年轻的苏莱曼先后担任<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E6%B3%95" class="mw-redirect" title="卡法">卡法</a>(今<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%8C%E5%85%8B%E5%85%B0" title="乌克兰">乌克兰</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%B9%E5%A5%A5%E5%A4%9A%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A" title="费奥多西亚">费奥多西亚</a>)和<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E5%B0%BC%E8%96%A9" title="馬尼薩">馬尼薩</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E6%80%BB%E7%9D%A3" title="总督">总督</a>,并在帝国故都<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E8%BF%AA%E7%88%BE%E5%85%A7" title="埃迪爾內">埃迪尔内</a>短期任职<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。父亲<a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E5%88%A9%E5%A7%86%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96" title="塞利姆一世">塞利姆一世</a>归真后,苏莱曼返回帝都伊斯坦布尔<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B3%E4%BD%8D" title="即位">继位</a>,成为奥斯曼帝国第10任苏丹。几周后,<a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%B0%BC%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="威尼斯共和国">威尼斯共和国</a>驻奥斯曼帝国<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E4%BD%BF" class="mw-disambig" title="公使">公使</a>巴尔托洛梅奥·孔塔里尼(Bartolomeo Contarini)对年轻的苏丹作了如下描述:“他25岁的年纪,身材高挑而硬朗,外表柔弱。颈部稍长、面容瘦削、<a href="/wiki/%E9%B9%B0%E9%92%A9%E9%BC%BB" title="鹰钩鼻">鹰钩鼻</a>,留着一簇<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E8%83%A1%E5%AD%90" class="mw-disambig" title="小胡子">小胡子</a>和少许<a href="/wiki/%E8%83%A1%E9%A1%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="胡须">胡须</a>,尽管略显苍白,却依然神采奕奕。他被誉为英明之主,好学之士,所有人都想受益于他的统治。他的<a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E6%9C%AC_(%E5%A4%B4%E5%B7%BE)" class="mw-redirect" title="特本 (头巾)">头巾</a>也大得出奇。”<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>一些史学家宣称苏莱曼年轻时仰慕<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E5%85%B6%E9%A0%93%E7%8E%8B%E5%9C%8B" title="馬其頓王國">马其顿</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E5%8E%86%E5%B1%B1%E5%A4%A7%E5%A4%A7%E5%B8%9D" title="亚历山大大帝">亚历山大大帝</a><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>,并受其影响,立志建立一个囊括东西方的帝国,这成为他日后频繁征战<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E6%B4%B2" title="亚洲">亚洲</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9E%E6%B4%B2" title="非洲">非洲</a>和欧洲的思想动力。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="戎马生涯"><span id=".E6.88.8E.E9.A9.AC.E7.94.9F.E6.B6.AF"></span>戎马生涯</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%8F%E8%8E%B1%E6%9B%BC%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96_(%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD)&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节:戎马生涯"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="征战欧罗巴"><span id=".E5.BE.81.E6.88.98.E6.AC.A7.E7.BD.97.E5.B7.B4"></span>征战欧罗巴</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%8F%E8%8E%B1%E6%9B%BC%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96_(%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD)&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节:征战欧罗巴"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84833064">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-size:small}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:2em;margin-bottom:0.8em;margin-top:0.8em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img::after{content:"\202f \202f \202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small::after{content:"\202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small{display:none}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">参见:<a href="/wiki/%E9%84%82%E5%9C%96%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B%E6%96%BC%E6%AD%90%E6%B4%B2%E7%9A%84%E5%BE%81%E6%88%B0" title="鄂圖曼帝國於歐洲的征戰">鄂圖曼帝國於歐洲的征戰</a></div> <p>苏莱曼一世继承父业后,于1521年镇压了一场由帝国<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%A9%AC%E5%A3%AB%E9%9D%A9" title="大马士革">大马士革</a>总督领导的叛乱,不久后便开始了一系列军事征服。苏莱曼很快就做好了征服<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%88%E7%89%99%E5%88%A9%E7%8E%8B%E5%9B%BD" title="匈牙利王国">匈牙利王国</a>重镇<a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E6%A0%BC%E8%8E%B1%E5%BE%B7" title="贝尔格莱德">贝尔格莱德</a>的准备,这也是他曾祖父<a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E7%BD%95%E9%BB%98%E5%BE%B7%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%96_(%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD)" title="穆罕默德二世 (奥斯曼帝国)">穆罕默德二世</a>的未竟事业。在<a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E5%B0%94%E7%BB%B4%E4%BA%9A%E4%BA%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="塞尔维亚人">塞尔维亚人</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%9D%E5%8A%A0%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A%E4%BA%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="保加利亚人">保加利亚人</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%9C%E5%8D%A0%E5%BA%AD%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="拜占庭帝国">拜占庭人</a>相继失败后,匈牙利人成为阻止奥斯曼帝国向欧洲内陆扩张的唯一难以对付的力量,而攻占贝尔格莱德是消灭匈牙利人的关键所在。苏莱曼大军将贝尔格莱德团团围住,并从一座<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E7%91%99%E6%B2%B3" title="多瑙河">多瑙河</a>中的岛屿上接连向城内发射重炮。贝尔格莱德的守军仅有700人,匈牙利也没有派兵增援,奥斯曼人在1521年8月占领<a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E6%A0%BC%E8%8E%B1%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%B4%E5%9F%8E%E6%88%98_(1521%E5%B9%B4)" title="贝尔格莱德围城战 (1521年)">贝尔格莱德</a><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:OttomanJanissariesAndDefendingKnightsOfStJohnSiegeOfRhodes1522.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/OttomanJanissariesAndDefendingKnightsOfStJohnSiegeOfRhodes1522.jpg/200px-OttomanJanissariesAndDefendingKnightsOfStJohnSiegeOfRhodes1522.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="201" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/OttomanJanissariesAndDefendingKnightsOfStJohnSiegeOfRhodes1522.jpg/300px-OttomanJanissariesAndDefendingKnightsOfStJohnSiegeOfRhodes1522.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/OttomanJanissariesAndDefendingKnightsOfStJohnSiegeOfRhodes1522.jpg/400px-OttomanJanissariesAndDefendingKnightsOfStJohnSiegeOfRhodes1522.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1046" data-file-height="1052" /></a><figcaption>1522年罗得岛之围</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E6%95%99%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C" title="基督教世界">基督教世界</a>重镇贝尔格莱德陷落的消息很快传遍欧洲。根据<a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%9E%E5%9C%A3%E7%BD%97%E9%A9%AC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD" title="神圣罗马帝国">神圣罗马帝国</a>驻伊斯坦布尔大使的说法,“占领贝尔格莱德是吞并匈牙利的一系列戏剧性事件的开始。它导致了<a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E7%B4%84%E4%BB%80%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%96" title="拉約什二世">拉约什国王</a>之死、<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%83%E8%BE%BE" title="布达">布达</a>的陷落、<a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E5%85%B0%E8%A5%BF%E7%93%A6%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A" title="特兰西瓦尼亚">特兰西瓦尼亚</a>的被征服、一个繁荣王国的毁灭和邻国对将会遭遇到同样命运的恐惧……”<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>通往匈牙利和<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E5%9C%B0%E5%88%A9" title="奥地利">奥地利</a>的道路被打通了,苏莱曼却将注意力转移到<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%BB%E9%99%A2%E9%AA%91%E5%A3%AB%E5%9B%A2" title="医院骑士团">医院骑士团</a>的大本营——东<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E4%B8%AD%E6%B5%B7" title="地中海">地中海</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E5%BE%97%E5%B2%9B" title="罗得岛">罗得岛</a>。医院骑士团在<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E7%BA%B3%E6%89%98%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="安纳托利亚">安纳托利亚</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%8E%E5%87%A1%E7%89%B9" title="黎凡特">累范特</a>近海的<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E7%9B%97" title="海盗">海盗</a>活动,长期困扰着奥斯曼帝国。1522年夏天,苏莱曼凭借其父塞利姆一世留下的<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%86%9B" title="海军">海军</a>优势,派遣一支由400艘<a href="/wiki/%E6%88%B0%E8%89%A6" title="戰艦">战舰</a>组成的舰队进军罗得岛,他本人则亲自统帅十万大军从反方向包抄<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。经过5个月残酷的<a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E5%BE%97%E5%B2%9B%E4%B9%8B%E5%9B%B4_(1522%E5%B9%B4)" title="罗得岛之围 (1522年)">围攻战</a>,岛上的守军有条件<a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%95%E9%99%8D" title="投降">投降</a>。骑士们得到苏莱曼的允许,离开罗得岛,并最终在<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E7%88%BE%E4%BB%96%E5%B3%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="馬爾他島">马耳他岛</a>重建了<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E8%80%B3%E4%BB%96%E9%AA%91%E5%A3%AB%E5%9B%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="马耳他骑士团">马耳他骑士团</a>。 </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Battle_of_Moh%C3%A1cs,_Turkish_miniature.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Battle_of_Moh%C3%A1cs%2C_Turkish_miniature.jpg/250px-Battle_of_Moh%C3%A1cs%2C_Turkish_miniature.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="194" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Battle_of_Moh%C3%A1cs%2C_Turkish_miniature.jpg/375px-Battle_of_Moh%C3%A1cs%2C_Turkish_miniature.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Battle_of_Moh%C3%A1cs%2C_Turkish_miniature.jpg/500px-Battle_of_Moh%C3%A1cs%2C_Turkish_miniature.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3107" data-file-height="2415" /></a><figcaption>描绘<a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E6%AC%A1%E6%91%A9%E5%93%88%E8%B5%A4%E6%88%98%E5%BD%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="第一次摩哈赤战役">第一次摩哈赤战役</a>的<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9C%9F%E8%80%B3%E5%85%B6%E5%BD%A9%E7%BB%98&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="土耳其彩绘(页面不存在)">土耳其彩绘</a></figcaption></figure> <p>贝尔格莱德战役后,<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%88%E7%89%99%E5%88%A9%E7%8E%8B%E5%9B%BD" title="匈牙利王国">匈牙利王国</a>与奥斯曼帝国的关系恶化,而苏莱曼解除罗得岛这一后顾之忧后在<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E6%AC%A7" title="东欧">东欧</a>重启战端。在1526年8月29日的<a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E6%AC%A1%E6%91%A9%E5%93%88%E8%B5%A4%E6%88%98%E5%BD%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="第一次摩哈赤战役">第一次摩哈赤战役</a>中,苏莱曼大败<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%88%E7%89%99%E5%88%A9%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="匈牙利君主列表">匈牙利国王</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E7%BA%A6%E4%BB%80%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%96" class="mw-redirect" title="拉约什二世">拉约什二世</a>。匈牙利人的抵抗土崩瓦解,鄂圖曼帝国成为东欧的一支空前强大的势力<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。据说苏莱曼见到拉约什二世的尸体时表达了哀悼:“我来此确实是为了击败他;但让他在刚刚品味到生活与权力时就撒手人寰却不是我的本意。”<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:SiegeOfViennaByOttomanForces.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/SiegeOfViennaByOttomanForces.jpg/200px-SiegeOfViennaByOttomanForces.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="345" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/SiegeOfViennaByOttomanForces.jpg/300px-SiegeOfViennaByOttomanForces.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/SiegeOfViennaByOttomanForces.jpg/400px-SiegeOfViennaByOttomanForces.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1074" data-file-height="1853" /></a><figcaption>1529年<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E4%B9%9F%E7%BA%B3%E4%B9%8B%E5%9B%B4" title="维也纳之围">维也纳之围</a></figcaption></figure> <p>在<a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%9E%E5%9C%A3%E7%BD%97%E9%A9%AC%E7%9A%87%E5%B8%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="神圣罗马皇帝">神圣罗马皇帝</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%A5%E7%90%86%E4%BA%94%E4%B8%96_(%E7%A5%9E%E5%9C%A3%E7%BD%97%E9%A9%AC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD)" title="查理五世 (神圣罗马帝国)">查理五世</a>和他的弟弟<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E5%9C%B0%E5%88%A9" title="奥地利">奥地利</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E5%85%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="大公">大公</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%90%E8%BF%AA%E5%8D%97%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96_(%E7%A5%9E%E5%9C%A3%E7%BD%97%E9%A9%AC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD)" title="斐迪南一世 (神圣罗马帝国)">斐迪南</a>的领导下,<a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E5%B8%83%E6%96%AF%E5%A0%A1%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="哈布斯堡王朝">哈布斯堡王朝</a>夺取了<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%83%E8%BE%BE" title="布达">布达</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%88%E7%89%99%E5%88%A9" title="匈牙利">匈牙利</a>。为此,苏莱曼一世于1529年率军穿过多瑙河河谷,再次占领布达,并且在当年<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%8B%E5%A4%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="秋天">秋天</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E4%B9%9F%E7%BA%B3%E4%B9%8B%E5%9B%B4" title="维也纳之围">兵临维也纳城下</a>。维也纳之围是鄂圖曼帝國最为雄心勃勃的远征,标志着它对西方的军事威胁达到了顶点。不过由于16,000名维也纳守军的奋战<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>,奥地利人使苏莱曼一世第一次尝到了失败的滋味,为一直持续到20世纪的<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A7%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC-%E5%93%88%E5%B8%83%E6%96%AF%E5%A0%A1%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="奧斯曼-哈布斯堡戰爭">鄂圖曼-哈布斯堡戰爭</a>拉开了序幕<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。1532年鄂圖曼帝國再次试图占领维也纳,但苏莱曼一世的大军还未到城下就撤退了。这两次远征维也纳失败的原因都是鄂圖曼士兵因恶劣天气生病(迫使他们放弃携带围城器械),以及<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%A5%E7%BB%99%E7%BA%BF" title="补给线">补给线</a>拉得过长阻碍行军<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>1540年代匈牙利争端再起,为苏莱曼一世一雪维也纳之耻提供了机会。一些匈牙利<a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%B5%E6%97%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="贵族">贵族</a>建议邻国的<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%90%E8%BF%AA%E5%8D%97%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96_(%E7%A5%9E%E5%9C%A3%E7%BD%97%E9%A9%AC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD)" title="斐迪南一世 (神圣罗马帝国)">奥地利大公斐迪南</a>与已故匈牙利国王拉约什二世的家族<a href="/wiki/%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E8%81%94%E5%A7%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="政治联姻">联姻</a>以继承匈牙利王位,因为根据之前的协议,如果拉约什死后无嗣,由哈布斯堡家族继承王位<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。但其他贵族则支持现任国王<a href="/wiki/%E6%89%8E%E6%B3%A2%E5%B0%A7%E4%BC%8A%C2%B7%E4%BA%9A%E8%AF%BA%E4%BB%80" title="扎波尧伊·亚诺什">扎波尧伊·亚诺什</a>,扎波尧伊得到了苏莱曼的支持,但没有获得欧洲基督教国家的承认。1541年哈布斯堡王朝与奥斯曼人的冲突再起,并试图围攻布达。但哈布斯堡王朝的努力最终失败,他们丢失了更多的<a href="/wiki/%E8%A6%81%E5%A1%9E" title="要塞">要塞</a><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>,斐迪南和他的兄长、神圣罗马皇帝查理五世被迫与苏莱曼一世缔结了一项羞辱性<a href="/wiki/%E5%92%8C%E7%BA%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="和约">和约</a>,和约规定:斐迪南放弃对匈牙利王位的企图,并每年向苏莱曼缴纳一笔固定的费用以换取苏莱曼对仍处于他控制下的匈牙利部分领土的承认。更具象征性意义的是,和约中并未称查理五世为“<a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%9E%E5%9C%A3%E7%BD%97%E9%A9%AC%E7%9A%87%E5%B8%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="神圣罗马皇帝">神圣罗马皇帝</a>”,而只称他为“<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E7%8F%AD%E7%89%99%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB" title="西班牙君主">西班牙国王</a>”,因为苏莱曼一世认为自己才是真正的“<a href="/wiki/%E5%87%AF%E6%92%92_(%E5%A4%B4%E8%A1%94)" title="凯撒 (头衔)">凱撒</a>”、<a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E9%A9%AC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="罗马帝国">罗马帝国</a>的合法继承人<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="与波斯的战事"><span id=".E4.B8.8E.E6.B3.A2.E6.96.AF.E7.9A.84.E6.88.98.E4.BA.8B"></span>与波斯的战事</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%8F%E8%8E%B1%E6%9B%BC%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96_(%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD)&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节:与波斯的战事"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>欧洲边境巩固后,苏莱曼把目光转移到受到<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E6%96%AF" title="波斯">波斯</a>(今<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%9C%97" title="伊朗">伊朗</a>)<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%80%E5%8F%B6%E6%B4%BE" title="什叶派">什叶派</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%90%A8%E9%9D%9E%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="萨非王朝">萨非王朝</a>威胁的帝国东方。特别是有两起事件加剧了两国关系的恶化:第一件事是,<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%9C%97%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="伊朗君主列表">波斯国王</a>(<a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E8%B5%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="沙赫">沙赫</a>)<a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%94%E8%B5%AB%E7%8E%9B%E6%96%AF%E6%99%AE%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96" title="塔赫玛斯普一世">塔赫玛斯普一世</a>杀掉了忠于苏莱曼的<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E6%A0%BC%E8%BE%BE" title="巴格达">巴格达</a>总督,换上了自己人;第二件事是,<a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%94%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A9%E6%96%AF" title="比特利斯">比特利斯</a>总督叛变,并向萨非王朝宣誓效忠<sup id="cite_ref-imber51_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-imber51-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。为此,苏莱曼于1533年命<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E7%B6%AD%E9%BD%8A%E7%88%BE" title="大維齊爾">大维齐尔</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%95%E5%B0%94%E5%8A%A0%E5%8B%92%C2%B7%E6%98%93%E5%8D%9C%E6%8B%89%E6%AC%A3%E5%B8%95%E5%A4%8F" title="帕尔加勒·易卜拉欣帕夏">帕尔加勒·易卜拉欣帕夏</a>率部队<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A7%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC-%E8%96%A9%E9%9D%9E%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD_(1532%E5%B9%B4-1555%E5%B9%B4)" title="奧斯曼-薩非戰爭 (1532年-1555年)">进军亚洲</a>,開啟了長達三百年的<a href="/wiki/%E9%84%82%E5%9C%96%E6%9B%BC-%E6%B3%A2%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD" title="鄂圖曼-波斯戰爭">鄂圖曼-波斯戰爭</a>。 </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sueleymanname_nahcevan.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Sueleymanname_nahcevan.jpg/220px-Sueleymanname_nahcevan.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="303" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Sueleymanname_nahcevan.jpg/330px-Sueleymanname_nahcevan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Sueleymanname_nahcevan.jpg/440px-Sueleymanname_nahcevan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="743" data-file-height="1024" /></a><figcaption>描绘苏莱曼大帝1554年夏天在<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%B3%E5%B8%8C%E5%88%87%E4%B8%87%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="纳希切万自治共和国">纳希切万</a>进军的<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B3%A2%E6%96%AF%E5%BD%A9%E7%BB%98&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="波斯彩绘(页面不存在)">波斯彩绘</a></figcaption></figure> <p>鄂圖曼军队攻克比特利斯,并乘胜占领毫无抵抗的波斯故都<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E4%B8%8D%E9%87%8C%E5%A3%AB" title="大不里士">大不里士</a>。1534年苏莱曼亲率大军与易卜拉欣帕夏会合,并向波斯内地推进。塔赫玛斯普一世试图利用波斯内地冬天的恶劣天气诱敌深入,为避免与鄂圖曼帝国军队直接对抗,他一退再退,放弃了大片领土<sup id="cite_ref-sicker206_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sicker206-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。苏莱曼对在冬天的波斯作战有所顾忌,于是与易卜拉欣帕夏转而挥师<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%8B%89%E5%85%8B" title="伊拉克">伊拉克</a>。当鄂圖曼大军兵临伊斯兰故都<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E6%A0%BC%E8%BE%BE" title="巴格达">巴格达</a>城下时,波斯总督开城投降。自此,苏莱曼成为<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="伊斯兰世界">伊斯兰世界</a>无可争议的领袖和<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%94%E6%96%AF%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="阿拔斯王朝">阿拔斯王朝</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E5%8F%91" title="哈里发">哈里发</a>的合法继承人<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>为了一劳永逸地击败波斯,苏莱曼于1548年到1549年发动了对波斯的第二场战争。此战中,塔赫玛斯普一世与第一次一样避免与鄂圖曼军队直接对抗而选择撤退,并在与鄂圖曼帝国接壤的<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%A1%9E%E6%8B%9C%E7%96%86" title="阿塞拜疆">阿塞拜疆</a>地区施行<a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A6%E5%9C%9F%E6%94%BF%E7%AD%96" title="焦土政策">焦土政策</a>,试图让奥斯曼军队暴露在<a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E5%8A%A0%E7%B4%A2" title="高加索">高加索</a>的寒冬中<sup id="cite_ref-sicker206_27-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sicker206-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。苏莱曼大军暂时占领大不里士和阿塞拜疆地区后又被迫撤回<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E7%BA%B3%E6%89%98%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="安纳托利亚">安纳托利亚</a>过冬,波斯人随后收复了阿塞拜疆地区。不过,鄂圖曼帝国还是夺取了<a href="/wiki/%E5%87%A1%E5%9F%8E%E7%9C%81" class="mw-redirect" title="凡城省">凡城</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E9%B2%81%E5%90%89%E4%BA%9A" title="格鲁吉亚">格鲁吉亚</a>的一些要塞<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>1553年,苏莱曼发动了对波斯的第三次也是最后一次战争。最初<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%B0%94%E7%A5%96%E9%B2%81%E5%A7%86" title="埃尔祖鲁姆">埃尔祖鲁姆</a>被塔赫玛斯普一世的儿子攻陷,但苏莱曼很快就还以颜色,他率军渡过<a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%BC%E5%8F%91%E6%8B%89%E5%BA%95%E6%B2%B3" title="幼发拉底河">幼发拉底河</a>上游,重新占领埃尔祖鲁姆,并洗劫了波斯的部分地区。波斯军队仍然沿袭前两次避敌锋芒的策略,使苏莱曼进退两难。1554年签订的协议结束了苏莱曼在亚洲的征伐。根据协议,鄂圖曼帝国将大不里士交还波斯,但获得了巴格达、幼发拉底河与<a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%95%E6%A0%BC%E9%87%8C%E6%96%AF%E6%B2%B3" title="底格里斯河">底格里斯河</a>流域下游、<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A5%E6%B5%B7%E5%8F%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="入海口">入海口</a>以及<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E6%96%AF%E6%B9%BE" title="波斯湾">波斯湾</a>的部分地区<sup id="cite_ref-Kinross236_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kinross236-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。塔赫玛斯普一世也保证停止所有对鄂圖曼帝国领土的袭击<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="地中海和北非战场"><span id=".E5.9C.B0.E4.B8.AD.E6.B5.B7.E5.92.8C.E5.8C.97.E9.9D.9E.E6.88.98.E5.9C.BA"></span>地中海和北非战场</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%8F%E8%8E%B1%E6%9B%BC%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96_(%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD)&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节:地中海和北非战场"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">参见:<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%B7%B4%E7%BE%85%E8%96%A9%C2%B7%E6%B5%B7%E9%9B%B7%E4%B8%81%E5%B8%95%E5%A4%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="巴巴羅薩·海雷丁帕夏">巴巴羅薩·海雷丁帕夏</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%84%8F%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89_(1542%E5%B9%B4%EF%BC%8D1546%E5%B9%B4)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="意大利战争 (1542年-1546年)(页面不存在)">意大利战争 (1542年-1546年)</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E8%80%B3%E4%BB%96%E4%B9%8B%E5%9B%B4_(1565%E5%B9%B4)" title="马耳他之围 (1565年)">马耳他之围 (1565年)</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Battle_of_Preveza_(1538).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Battle_of_Preveza_%281538%29.jpg/220px-Battle_of_Preveza_%281538%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="137" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Battle_of_Preveza_%281538%29.jpg/330px-Battle_of_Preveza_%281538%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Battle_of_Preveza_%281538%29.jpg/440px-Battle_of_Preveza_%281538%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="499" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%B7%B4%E7%BD%97%E8%90%A8%C2%B7%E6%B5%B7%E9%9B%B7%E4%B8%81%E5%B8%95%E5%A4%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="巴巴罗萨·海雷丁帕夏">巴巴罗萨·海雷丁帕夏</a>在1538年的<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%99%AE%E9%9B%B7%E9%9F%A6%E6%89%8E%E6%88%98%E5%BD%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="普雷韦扎战役(页面不存在)">普雷韦扎战役</a>中击败<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%BE%B7%E7%83%88%E4%BA%9A%C2%B7%E5%A4%9A%E9%87%8C%E4%BA%9A" title="安德烈亚·多里亚">安德烈亚·多里亚</a>指挥的神圣同盟</figcaption></figure> <p>当苏莱曼一世在陆地上的征服获得巨大成功后,<a href="/wiki/%E6%91%A9%E9%87%8C%E4%BA%9E" title="摩里亞">摩里亚</a>(今<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%AF%E7%BD%97%E5%A5%94%E5%B0%BC%E6%92%92" title="伯罗奔尼撒">伯罗奔尼撒</a>)的<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E7%BE%85%E5%B0%BC" title="科羅尼">科罗尼</a>要塞被<a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%9E%E5%9C%A3%E7%BD%97%E9%A9%AC%E7%9A%87%E5%B8%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="神圣罗马皇帝">神圣罗马皇帝</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%A5%E7%90%86%E4%BA%94%E4%B8%96_(%E7%A5%9E%E5%9C%A3%E7%BD%97%E9%A9%AC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD)" title="查理五世 (神圣罗马帝国)">查理五世</a>的海军上将<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%BE%B7%E7%83%88%E4%BA%9A%C2%B7%E5%A4%9A%E9%87%8C%E4%BA%9A" title="安德烈亚·多里亚">安德烈亚·多里亚</a>攻陷的消息映入他的眼帘。西班牙在东<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E4%B8%AD%E6%B5%B7" title="地中海">地中海</a>的存在让苏莱曼耿耿于怀,他视之为查理五世意图与自己争夺地区霸权的前兆。意识到在地中海建立一支强大海军的必要性,苏莱曼任命卓越的<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E9%9B%B7%E4%B8%81%E5%B8%95%E5%A4%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="海雷丁帕夏">海雷丁帕夏</a>(西方人称之为“<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%B7%B4%E7%BD%97%E8%90%A8" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="巴巴罗萨">巴巴罗萨</a>”,即红胡子)为海军<a href="/wiki/%E7%B8%BD%E5%8F%B8%E4%BB%A4" title="總司令">总司令</a>,负责重建奥斯曼帝国<a href="/wiki/%E8%89%A6%E9%9A%8A" class="mw-disambig" title="艦隊">舰队</a>。海雷丁帕夏重建的奥斯曼海军战舰数量相当于地中海其他国家的战舰数量的总和<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。1535年查理五世在<a href="/wiki/%E7%AA%81%E5%B0%BC%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="突尼斯共和国">突尼斯</a>取得了对奥斯曼帝国的一次重大胜利,加上后来暴发的奥斯曼帝国与<a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%B0%BC%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="威尼斯共和国">威尼斯共和国</a>的战争,促使苏莱曼同意与<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E7%8E%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="法国国王">法国国王</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%97%E6%9C%97%E7%B4%A2%E7%93%A6%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96_(%E6%B3%95%E5%85%B0%E8%A5%BF)" title="弗朗索瓦一世 (法兰西)">弗朗索瓦一世</a>联合对付查理五世的建议<sup id="cite_ref-imber51_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-imber51-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。1538年西班牙舰队在<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%99%AE%E9%9B%B7%E9%9F%A6%E6%89%8E%E6%88%98%E5%BD%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="普雷韦扎战役(页面不存在)">普雷韦扎战役</a>中被海雷丁帕夏击败,从此奥斯曼土耳其人在地中海称雄33年,一直到1571年<a href="/wiki/%E5%8B%92%E7%8F%AD%E9%99%80%E6%88%B0%E5%BD%B9" title="勒班陀戰役">勒班陀海战</a>中被击败。 </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E6%91%A9%E6%B4%9B%E5%93%A5" title="摩洛哥">摩洛哥</a>以东的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E9%9D%9E" title="北非">北非</a>大片领土成为奥斯曼帝国的属地,<a href="/wiki/%E7%9A%84%E9%BB%8E%E6%B3%A2%E9%87%8C%E5%A1%94%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A" title="的黎波里塔尼亚">的黎波里塔尼亚</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%AA%81%E5%B0%BC%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="突尼斯共和国">突尼斯</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%B0%94%E5%8F%8A%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A" title="阿尔及利亚">阿尔及利亚</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%8F%E6%9F%8F%E5%B0%94%E4%BA%BA" title="柏柏尔人">柏柏尔人</a>国家成为帝国的自治行省,也是苏莱曼与查理五世冲突的前沿阵地。查理五世曾试图把奥斯曼人赶出该地区,但1541年他的计划于失败了<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。在奥斯曼帝国抗击西班牙的战争中一直有柏柏儿<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E7%9B%97" title="海盗">海盗</a>助阵。在短期内,<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%E7%9A%84%E6%89%A9%E5%BC%A0" title="奥斯曼帝国的扩张">奥斯曼帝国的扩张</a>保持了它在地中海的霸权。奥斯曼帝国海军还控制了<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A2%E6%B5%B7" title="红海">红海</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E6%96%AF%E6%B9%BE" title="波斯湾">波斯湾</a>,一直到1554年被<a href="/wiki/%E8%91%A1%E8%90%84%E7%89%99%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="葡萄牙帝国">葡萄牙帝国</a>的海军所击败。葡萄牙人于1515年占领<a href="/wiki/%E5%BF%BD%E9%87%8C%E6%A8%A1%E5%AD%90" title="忽里模子">忽里模子</a>(在今<a href="/wiki/%E9%9C%8D%E5%B0%94%E6%9C%A8%E5%85%B9%E6%B5%B7%E5%B3%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="霍尔木兹海峡">霍尔木兹海峡</a>),从而对苏莱曼控制下<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E4%B8%81" class="mw-redirect" title="亚丁">亚丁</a>(今属<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%9F%E9%97%A8" title="也门">也门</a>)构成威胁。 </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Siege_of_malta_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Siege_of_malta_1.jpg/220px-Siege_of_malta_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Siege_of_malta_1.jpg/330px-Siege_of_malta_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Siege_of_malta_1.jpg/440px-Siege_of_malta_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="461" /></a><figcaption>1565年马耳他之围:土耳其舰队到达,<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="马泰奥·佩雷斯" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Matteo Pérez"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A9%AC%E6%B3%B0%E5%A5%A5%C2%B7%E4%BD%A9%E9%9B%B7%E6%96%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="马泰奥·佩雷斯(页面不存在)">马泰奥·佩雷斯·德·阿莱奇奥</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matteo_P%C3%A9rez" class="extiw" title="en:Matteo Pérez"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Matteo Pérez</span></a></span>)</span></span>绘。</figcaption></figure> <p>1542年为了对付哈布斯堡王朝的一次普通威胁,法王弗朗索瓦一世请求恢复<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%9B%BD-%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%E8%81%94%E7%9B%9F" title="法国-奥斯曼帝国联盟">与奥斯曼帝国的联盟</a>,为此苏莱曼令海雷丁帕夏带领200艘大帆船开往西地中海支援<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%9B%BD" title="法国">法国</a><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。海雷丁帕夏开往法国途中洗劫了<a href="/wiki/%E9%82%A3%E4%B8%8D%E5%8B%92%E6%96%AF" title="那不勒斯">那不勒斯</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E8%A5%BF%E9%87%8C%E5%B2%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="西西里岛">西西里岛</a>沿海地区,到达法国后,弗朗索瓦一世把<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E4%BC%A6" title="土伦">土伦</a>港让给海雷丁帕夏作为他的海军司令部。在该次远征中,海雷丁帕夏于1543年攻占了<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%BC%E6%96%AF" title="尼斯">尼斯</a>。1544年弗朗索瓦一世与查理五世讲和,从而结束了法国与奥斯曼帝国的短暂联合。 </p><p>在地中海的另一处,<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%BB%E9%99%A2%E9%AA%91%E5%A3%AB%E5%9B%A2" title="医院骑士团">医院骑士团</a>已经于1530年重建为<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E8%80%B3%E4%BB%96%E9%AA%91%E5%A3%AB%E5%9B%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="马耳他骑士团">马耳他骑士团</a>,他们针对穆斯林海军的反抗行动很快激怒了奥斯曼人。奥斯曼人调集另一支庞大的舰队开往<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E7%88%BE%E4%BB%96%E5%B3%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="馬爾他島">马耳他岛</a>,试图将骑士团赶出马耳他岛。奥斯曼人于1565年到达马耳他,<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E8%80%B3%E4%BB%96%E4%B9%8B%E5%9B%B4_(1565%E5%B9%B4)" title="马耳他之围 (1565年)">围攻战</a>从5月18日持续到9月8日,由<a href="/wiki/%E6%84%8F%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9" title="意大利">意大利</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%BB%E5%AE%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="画家">画家</a><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="马泰奥·佩雷斯" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Matteo Pérez"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A9%AC%E6%B3%B0%E5%A5%A5%C2%B7%E4%BD%A9%E9%9B%B7%E6%96%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="马泰奥·佩雷斯(页面不存在)">马泰奥·佩雷斯·德·阿莱奇奥</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matteo_P%C3%A9rez" class="extiw" title="en:Matteo Pérez"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Matteo Pérez</span></a></span>)</span></span>所绘于<a href="/wiki/%E7%93%A6%E8%8E%B1%E5%A1%94" title="瓦莱塔">瓦莱塔</a><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E7%8E%8B%E5%AE%AB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="大王宫(页面不存在)">大王宫</a>圣米迦勒和圣乔治大厅的一组<a href="/wiki/%E5%A3%81%E7%94%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="壁画">壁画</a>生动地描绘了这场战役。战役开始时似乎是1522年<a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E5%BE%97%E5%B2%9B%E4%B9%8B%E5%9B%B4_(1522%E5%B9%B4)" title="罗得岛之围 (1522年)">罗得岛战役</a>的翻版,马耳他岛上的大部分城市被毁,半数骑士团成员阵亡;但<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E7%8F%AD%E7%89%99" title="西班牙">西班牙</a>军队及时赶来增援骑士团,奥斯曼人损失三万人,最终失败撤退<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="政治改革"><span id=".E6.94.BF.E6.B2.BB.E6.94.B9.E9.9D.A9"></span>政治改革</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%8F%E8%8E%B1%E6%9B%BC%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96_(%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD)&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节:政治改革"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Suleiman_bas-relief_in_the_U.S._House_of_Representatives_chamber.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Suleiman_bas-relief_in_the_U.S._House_of_Representatives_chamber.jpg/220px-Suleiman_bas-relief_in_the_U.S._House_of_Representatives_chamber.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="275" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fc/Suleiman_bas-relief_in_the_U.S._House_of_Representatives_chamber.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="320" data-file-height="400" /></a><figcaption>卡努尼苏丹苏莱曼是<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E4%BC%9A%E5%A4%A7%E5%8E%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="美国国会大厦">美国国会大厦</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD%E4%BC%97%E8%AE%AE%E9%99%A2" title="美国众议院">众议院</a>会客厅<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E7%90%86%E7%9F%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="大理石">大理石</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%AE%E9%9B%95" title="浮雕">浅浮雕</a>上雕刻的23位古代著名的立法者之一</figcaption></figure> <p>苏丹苏莱曼在西方被誉为“苏莱曼<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E5%B8%9D" title="大帝">大帝</a>”,而在土耳其国内他则被称为“卡努尼苏丹苏莱曼”(即<a href="/wiki/%E7%AB%8B%E6%B3%95%E8%80%85" class="mw-redirect" title="立法者">立法者</a>苏丹苏莱曼)。据史学家<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%95%E7%89%B9%E9%87%8C%E5%85%8B%C2%B7%E9%B2%8D%E5%B0%94%E5%BC%97%EF%BC%8C%E7%AC%AC3%E4%BB%A3%E9%87%91%E7%BD%97%E6%96%AF%E7%94%B7%E7%88%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="帕特里克·鲍尔弗,第3代金罗斯男爵(页面不存在)">金罗斯男爵</a>记载:“他(苏莱曼)和他的先辈们如父亲(<a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E5%88%A9%E5%A7%86%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96" title="塞利姆一世">亚武兹苏丹塞利姆</a>)和曾祖父(<a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E7%BD%95%E9%BB%98%E5%BE%B7%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%96_(%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD)" title="穆罕默德二世 (奥斯曼帝国)">法蒂赫苏丹穆罕默德</a>)一样是一位伟大的<a href="/wiki/%E5%86%9B%E4%BA%8B%E5%AE%B6" title="军事家">军事家</a>,武功烈烈,他与先辈们不同之处是他的文治同样煌煌。他是伟大的立法者,在臣民们眼中他是卓然高尚的君王和宽宏正义的化身。”<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>帝国的最高法律是<a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E9%87%8C%E4%BA%9A%E6%B3%95" class="mw-redirect" title="沙里亚法">沙里亚法</a>,或称<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E6%95%99%E6%B3%95" class="mw-redirect" title="伊斯兰教法">伊斯兰教法</a>,是<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E6%95%99" title="伊斯兰教">伊斯兰教</a>的至高无上的法规,苏丹无权更改。不过奥斯曼帝国还有另一套法律被称为“卡农”(宗教法规),是以苏丹的个人意志而制定的,包括<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%91%E6%B3%95" title="刑法">刑法</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E5%9C%B0%E6%B3%95" title="土地法">土地所有权法</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E7%A8%85%E6%B3%95" title="稅法">税法</a>等<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。苏莱曼搜集了他之前的九位苏丹所做的全部判决,他去除对同类案例相同、重复的判决,在自相矛盾的判决中选取自认为是正确者,颁布了一部新的单独的法典,当然这部法典要避免违背伊斯兰教的基本法(沙里亚法)<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。苏莱曼对法律体系的改革是为了适应帝国的快速发展,并获得了<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E7%A9%86%E5%A4%AB%E6%8F%90" title="大穆夫提">大穆夫提</a>(首席<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%AE%98" title="法官">法官</a>)<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A9%86%E7%BD%95%E9%BB%98%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E8%89%BE%E5%B8%83%E8%8B%8F%E5%B0%A4%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E4%BC%8A%E9%A9%AC%E8%BF%AA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="穆罕默德·艾布苏尤德·伊马迪(页面不存在)">穆罕默德·艾布苏尤德·伊马迪</a>的支持。当卡农法发展到最终形态,卡农法典就被称为“奥斯曼卡农”(<i><span lang="tr">kanun‐i Osmani</span></i>)或“奥斯曼法”。苏莱曼法典持续使用了三百多年<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>苏莱曼对于在<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%B8%95%E5%B8%8C" title="西帕希">西帕希</a>(从苏丹手中领取<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%87%E9%82%91" class="mw-redirect" title="采邑">采邑</a>作为服兵役报酬的<a href="/wiki/%E9%AA%91%E5%85%B5" title="骑兵">骑兵</a>)的土地上工作的<a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E4%BA%9E" title="拉亞">帝国非穆斯林臣民</a>(主要是<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E5%BE%92" title="基督徒">基督徒</a>)的处境予以特殊关注。他特别颁布了针对非穆斯林臣民的法典,对向非穆斯林征<a href="/wiki/%E7%A8%8E" class="mw-redirect" title="税">税</a>的管理法规进行改革,把他们的地位提高到<a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%B2%E5%A5%B4%E5%88%B6" title="農奴制">农奴</a>之上,使得国外的基督徒农奴移居到土耳其人的土地上以从改革中获利<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。苏莱曼苏丹也在保护<a href="/wiki/%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E4%BA%BA" title="犹太人">犹太人</a>方面扮演重要角色,为接下来几个世纪内对帝国境内犹太人的保护做出了榜样。1553年末或1554年,苏莱曼在他最宠幸的<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A7%E7%A7%91" class="mw-redirect" title="內科">内科</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E7%89%99%E7%A7%91" class="mw-redirect" title="牙科">牙科</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%BB%E7%94%9F" title="医生">医生</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E7%8F%AD%E7%89%99%E4%BA%BA" title="西班牙人">西班牙</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E4%BA%BA" title="犹太人">犹太人</a><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%91%A9%E8%A5%BF%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E8%92%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="摩西·阿蒙(页面不存在)">摩西·阿蒙</a>的建议下颁布<a href="/wiki/%E6%95%95%E4%BB%A4" class="mw-redirect" title="敕令">敕令</a>,正式废除了<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8D%E7%8A%B9%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" class="mw-redirect" title="反犹主义">反犹太人</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%80%E7%A5%AD%E8%AF%BD%E8%B0%A4" title="血祭诽谤">血祭诽谤</a><sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。此外,苏莱曼还颁布新的刑法和<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B2%BB%E5%AE%89%E6%B3%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="治安法(页面不存在)">治安法</a>,规定一系列针特定犯罪行为的罚款措施,同时减少了<a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%BB%E5%88%91" title="死刑">死刑</a>和<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%96%AD%E8%82%A2%E5%88%91&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="断肢刑(页面不存在)">断肢刑</a>的判罚。在征税方面,规定税收可以有各种形式,包括<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A8%E7%89%A9" title="动物">牲畜</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%BF%E4%BA%A7%E8%B5%84%E6%BA%90" title="矿产资源">矿产</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%B8%E6%98%93" title="贸易">贸易</a>利润和<a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%9B%E5%87%BA%E5%8F%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="进出口">进出口</a>税等货物和物产。除税收之外,声名狼藉的官员很可能会被苏丹没收土地和财产。 </p><p>教育是苏丹关心的另一个重要领域。苏莱曼时代,由宗教基金资助的<a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E7%9C%9F%E5%AF%BA" title="清真寺">清真寺</a>附属学校为男性穆斯林学生提供了一个充分自由的教育环境,优于同时期的基督教国家<sup id="cite_ref-kinross211_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kinross211-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。在苏莱曼时代的帝都<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E5%B8%83%E5%B0%94" class="mw-redirect" title="伊斯坦布尔">伊斯坦布尔</a>,<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E5%AD%A6" title="小学">小学</a>(<span lang="tr">mekteb</span>)的数量增加到14所,那里教学生们阅读、写作和伊斯兰教教义。小学毕业后,如果学生们想接受更进一步的教育,可以进入8所<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E5%AD%A6%E6%A0%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="伊斯兰学校">伊斯兰学校</a>(相当于西方的<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%B8%E9%99%A2_(%E5%AD%B8%E6%A0%A1)" class="mw-redirect" title="學院 (學校)">学院</a>)中的一所深造,在那里学习<a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%AD%E6%B3%95" title="语法">语法</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%A2%E8%80%8C%E4%B8%8A%E5%AD%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="形而上学">形而上学</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%A6" title="哲学">哲学</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%AD%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="天文学">天文学</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A0%E6%98%9F%E5%AD%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="占星学">占星学</a><sup id="cite_ref-kinross211_42-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kinross211-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。更高级的伊斯兰学校相当于<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="大学">大学</a>级别,那里的毕业生可以成为<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E7%8E%9B%E7%9B%AE" title="伊玛目">伊玛目</a>(领拜人)或<a href="/wiki/%E6%95%99%E5%B8%88" title="教师">教师</a>。教学中心往往是围绕清真寺庭院的众多建筑之一,清真寺周围其他服务大众的建筑设施包括<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BE%E4%B9%A6%E9%A6%86" title="图书馆">图书馆</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%A3%9F%E5%A0%82" title="食堂">食堂</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%96%B7%E6%B3%89" class="mw-redirect" title="喷泉">喷泉</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%A8%E6%88%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="厨房">厨房</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%BB%E9%99%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="医院">医院</a>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="文化成就"><span id=".E6.96.87.E5.8C.96.E6.88.90.E5.B0.B1"></span>文化成就</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%8F%E8%8E%B1%E6%9B%BC%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96_(%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD)&action=edit&section=7" title="编辑章节:文化成就"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tughra_Suleiman.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Tughra_Suleiman.jpg/220px-Tughra_Suleiman.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="178" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Tughra_Suleiman.jpg/330px-Tughra_Suleiman.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Tughra_Suleiman.jpg/440px-Tughra_Suleiman.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3907" data-file-height="3153" /></a><figcaption>苏莱曼大帝的<a href="/wiki/%E8%8A%B1%E6%8A%BC_(%E5%A5%A7%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B%E8%98%87%E4%B8%B9)" class="mw-redirect" title="花押 (奧斯曼帝國蘇丹)">花押</a></figcaption></figure> <p>在苏莱曼大帝的资助下,<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="奥斯曼帝国文化(页面不存在)">奥斯曼帝国的文化发展</a>步入了黄金时代。苏丹官邸<a href="/wiki/%E6%89%98%E6%99%AE%E5%8D%A1%E7%8F%80%E5%AE%AB" title="托普卡珀宫">托普卡珀宫</a>管理着成百上千的皇家艺术团体(被称为<span lang="tr">Ehl-i Hiref</span>,意为“天才团体”)。经过一段训练期后,<a href="/wiki/%E8%89%BA%E6%9C%AF%E5%AE%B6" title="艺术家">艺术家</a>和工匠们的技艺水平就能更上一个台阶,每年每季度还能获得与他们的能力相称的工钱。现存于世的工匠名单和工资登记簿为苏莱曼大帝对艺术的慷慨资助提供了证据,其中最早的资料可以追溯到1526年,名单上记录了40个艺术团体的600名成员。“天才团体”吸引了帝国最有才能的工艺家进入苏丹的宫廷,他们有的来自<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="伊斯兰世界">伊斯兰世界</a>,也有的来自帝国新近占领的欧洲领土,从而使伊斯兰、土耳其和欧洲的文化融为一体<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。在服务于苏丹宫廷的工艺家包括<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%BB%E5%AE%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="画家">画家</a>、图书装订工、皮货商、珠宝商和金匠。虽然苏莱曼之前的统治者们受<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E6%96%AF%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96" class="mw-redirect" title="波斯文化">波斯文化</a>的影响(例如苏莱曼的父亲<a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E5%88%A9%E5%A7%86%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96" title="塞利姆一世">塞利姆一世</a>就用<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E6%96%AF%E8%AF%AD" title="波斯语">波斯语</a>写诗),但从苏莱曼对艺术的资助可以看出奥斯曼帝国坚持自己的艺术传统<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>苏莱曼大帝自己也是一位颇有造诣的<a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%97%E4%BA%BA" title="诗人">诗人</a>,他用<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E6%96%AF%E8%AF%AD" title="波斯语">波斯语</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%9C%9F%E8%80%B3%E5%85%B6%E8%AF%AD" title="奥斯曼土耳其语">土耳其语</a>写作,<a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%94%E5%90%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="笔名">笔名</a>是<b>穆希比</b>(奥斯曼土耳其语:<span lang="tr"><b>محبى</b></span>,现代土耳其语:<span lang="tr"><b>Muhibbi</b></span>),意为<a href="/wiki/%E7%88%B1%E4%BA%BA" title="爱人">爱人</a>。苏莱曼的一些诗句已经成为土耳其语<a href="/wiki/%E8%B0%9A%E8%AF%AD" title="谚语">谚语</a>,比如著名的“每个人的归宿都一样,但故事的版本多种多样”<span id="noteTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>註 4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span>。1543年苏莱曼的少子穆罕默德逝世,苏莱曼建造了一个活动的<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BA%AA%E5%B9%B4%E9%93%AD%E6%96%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="纪年铭文(页面不存在)">纪年铭文</a>以纪念这一年:“皇子中独一无二的,我的苏丹穆罕默德。”<sup id="cite_ref-byegm_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-byegm-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>除苏莱曼自己的作品外,许多苏莱曼在位时期的伟大天才把文学世界变得朝气蓬勃,他们之中包括<a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%8C%E7%A5%96%E9%87%8C" title="富祖里">富祖里</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%9F%BA" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="巴基">巴基</a>。文学史家E·J·W·吉布(<span lang="en">E. J. W. Gibb</span>)注意到:“没有一个时期,甚至在土耳其,对诗歌的鼓励比这位苏丹(指苏莱曼大帝)在位时更多。”<sup id="cite_ref-byegm_46-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-byegm-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>苏莱曼大帝最有名的诗句是: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r61209892">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{margin-top:0;overflow:hidden}.mw-parser-output .templatequote .templatequotecite{line-height:1em;text-align:left;padding-left:2em;margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .templatequote .templatequotecite cite{font-size:small}</style> </p> <blockquote class="templatequote"><p>人们以为财富和权力是至上的天道,<br /> </p><p>但在这世上健康的魔法才是最好的國朝。<br /> 人们所说的君权只是世俗的吵闹和不断的征討;<br /> </p><p> 崇拜<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89" class="mw-redirect" title="阿拉">真主</a>才是至尊的宝座、最幸福的财宝。<sup id="cite_ref-Mansel,_84._48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mansel,_84.-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Istanbul_-_S%C3%BCleymaniye_camii_-_Foto_G._Dall%27Orto_26-5-2006_-_15.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Istanbul_-_S%C3%BCleymaniye_camii_-_Foto_G._Dall%27Orto_26-5-2006_-_15.jpg/220px-Istanbul_-_S%C3%BCleymaniye_camii_-_Foto_G._Dall%27Orto_26-5-2006_-_15.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="187" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Istanbul_-_S%C3%BCleymaniye_camii_-_Foto_G._Dall%27Orto_26-5-2006_-_15.jpg/330px-Istanbul_-_S%C3%BCleymaniye_camii_-_Foto_G._Dall%27Orto_26-5-2006_-_15.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Istanbul_-_S%C3%BCleymaniye_camii_-_Foto_G._Dall%27Orto_26-5-2006_-_15.jpg/440px-Istanbul_-_S%C3%BCleymaniye_camii_-_Foto_G._Dall%27Orto_26-5-2006_-_15.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1132" data-file-height="960" /></a><figcaption>苏莱曼大帝首席建筑师<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E6%9F%A5%C2%B7%E7%B1%B3%E9%A6%AC%E7%88%BE%C2%B7%E5%B8%8C%E5%8D%97" class="mw-redirect" title="科查·米馬爾·希南">科查·米马尔·希南</a>所造<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E5%B8%83%E5%B0%94" class="mw-redirect" title="伊斯坦布尔">伊斯坦布尔</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E8%8E%B1%E6%9B%BC%E5%B0%BC%E8%80%B6%E6%B8%85%E7%9C%9F%E5%AF%BA" title="苏莱曼尼耶清真寺">苏莱曼尼耶清真寺</a></figcaption></figure> <p>苏莱曼大帝也因在帝国境内<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%E5%BB%BA%E7%AD%91&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="奥斯曼帝国建筑(页面不存在)">大兴土木</a>而闻名于世。苏莱曼在帝都<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E5%B8%83%E5%B0%94" class="mw-redirect" title="伊斯坦布尔">伊斯坦布尔</a>开展一系列工程建设,包括<a href="/wiki/%E6%A1%A5%E6%A2%81" class="mw-redirect" title="桥梁">桥梁</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E7%9C%9F%E5%AF%BA" title="清真寺">清真寺</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%AB%E6%AE%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="宫殿">宫殿</a>以及各种慈善和公益设施,以期它能成为伊斯兰文明的中心。其中最伟大的建筑是由苏丹的首席<a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%BA%E7%AD%91%E5%B8%88" title="建筑师">建筑师</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E6%9F%A5%C2%B7%E7%B1%B3%E9%A6%AC%E7%88%BE%C2%B7%E5%B8%8C%E5%8D%97" class="mw-redirect" title="科查·米馬爾·希南">科查·米马尔·希南</a>设计建成的,这些建筑标志着<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A7%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%BB%BA%E7%AF%89" title="奧斯曼建築">奥斯曼帝国的建筑艺术</a>达到了顶峰。希南在全国负责设计了超过三百座建筑,包括他的两座代表性建筑:苏莱曼大帝时期建造的帝都伊斯坦布尔的<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E8%8E%B1%E6%9B%BC%E5%B0%BC%E8%80%B6%E6%B8%85%E7%9C%9F%E5%AF%BA" title="苏莱曼尼耶清真寺">苏莱曼尼耶清真寺</a>和苏莱曼之子<a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E5%88%A9%E5%A7%86%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%96" title="塞利姆二世">塞利姆二世</a>时期建造的故都<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E8%BF%AA%E7%88%BE%E5%85%A7" title="埃迪爾內">埃迪尔内</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E5%88%A9%E7%B1%B3%E8%80%B6%E6%B8%85%E7%9C%9F%E5%AF%BA" title="塞利米耶清真寺">塞利米耶清真寺</a>。苏莱曼大帝还下令重建了<a href="/wiki/%E8%80%B6%E8%B7%AF%E6%92%92%E5%86%B7" title="耶路撒冷">耶路撒冷</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%86%E9%A1%B6%E6%B8%85%E7%9C%9F%E5%AF%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="圆顶清真寺">圆顶清真寺</a>和耶路撒冷城墙(今<a href="/wiki/%E8%80%B6%E8%B7%AF%E6%92%92%E5%86%B7%E5%8F%A4%E5%9F%8E" class="mw-redirect" title="耶路撒冷古城">耶路撒冷古城</a>的城墙,已由<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A6%E6%97%A6" title="约旦">约旦</a>申报入选<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E5%9B%BD%E6%95%99%E7%A7%91%E6%96%87%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87" class="mw-redirect" title="联合国教科文组织">联合国教科文组织</a><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E9%81%97%E4%BA%A7%E5%90%8D%E5%BD%95" class="mw-redirect" title="世界遗产名录">世界遗产名录</a><sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>),修缮了<a href="/wiki/%E9%BA%A6%E5%8A%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="麦加">麦加</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E5%B0%94%E7%99%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="克尔白">克尔白</a>(<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%88%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="天房">天房</a>),并在<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%A9%AC%E5%A3%AB%E9%9D%A9" title="大马士革">大马士革</a>建造了一座建筑群<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="个人生活"><span id=".E4.B8.AA.E4.BA.BA.E7.94.9F.E6.B4.BB"></span>个人生活</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%8F%E8%8E%B1%E6%9B%BC%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96_(%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD)&action=edit&section=8" title="编辑章节:个人生活"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="许蕾姆苏丹"><span id=".E8.AE.B8.E8.95.BE.E5.A7.86.E8.8B.8F.E4.B8.B9"></span>许蕾姆苏丹</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%8F%E8%8E%B1%E6%9B%BC%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96_(%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD)&action=edit&section=9" title="编辑章节:许蕾姆苏丹"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Khourrem.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Khourrem.jpg/220px-Khourrem.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="257" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Khourrem.jpg/330px-Khourrem.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Khourrem.jpg/440px-Khourrem.jpg 2x" data-file-width="685" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E8%AE%B8%E8%95%BE%E5%A7%86%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9" title="许蕾姆苏丹">许蕾姆苏丹</a></figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目:<a href="/wiki/%E8%AE%B8%E8%95%BE%E5%A7%86%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9" title="许蕾姆苏丹">许蕾姆苏丹</a></div> <p>苏莱曼大帝迷上了一个<a href="/wiki/%E9%B2%81%E5%A1%9E%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A%E4%BA%BA" title="鲁塞尼亚人">罗塞尼亚</a>血统的<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%E5%90%8E%E5%AE%AB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="奥斯曼帝国后宫(页面不存在)">后宫</a>少女<a href="/wiki/%E8%AE%B8%E8%95%BE%E5%A7%86%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9" title="许蕾姆苏丹">许蕾姆</a>。西方的<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%96%E4%BA%A4%E5%AE%98" title="外交官">外交官</a>们听闻宫中闲聊到她的<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E6%8B%89%E5%A4%AB%E4%BA%BA" title="斯拉夫人">斯拉夫</a>出身时,都管她叫“鲁塞拉齐娅”(<span lang="tr">Russelazie</span>)或者“<a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E5%85%8B%E5%A1%9E%E6%8B%89%E5%A8%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="罗克塞拉娜">罗克塞拉娜</a>”(<span lang="tr">Roxelana</span>)<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。许蕾姆是一位<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E6%AD%A3%E6%95%99" class="mw-redirect" title="东正教">东正教</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%9E%E7%88%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="神父">神父</a>的女儿<sup id="cite_ref-Kinross236_30-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kinross236-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>,后被俘虏,送入帝国后宫,很快成了苏莱曼大帝的宠妃。苏莱曼大帝为了立她为<a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%A3%E5%AE%A4" class="mw-redirect" title="正室">正室</a>,不惜破坏奥斯曼帝国延续两个多世纪的不得立外國出身<a href="/wiki/%E5%A6%83%E5%AC%AA" title="妃嬪">妃嬪</a>為后的传统<sup id="cite_ref-Kinross236_30-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kinross236-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>,这大大出乎宫中乃至整个伊斯坦布尔的观察家的预料<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。苏莱曼还允许许蕾姆苏丹<span id="noteTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-sultan_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sultan-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>註 5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span>陪伴他在宫中度过余生,这就破坏了另一项传统:当一位皇子成年后,他会被派往帝国的<a href="/wiki/%E9%82%8A%E5%A2%83" title="邊境">边疆</a>省份做总督,他的生母也要随行,除非他本人或者后代登上皇位,否则其生母不得回京<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Anton_Hickel_001.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Anton_Hickel_001.JPG/220px-Anton_Hickel_001.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="316" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Anton_Hickel_001.JPG/330px-Anton_Hickel_001.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Anton_Hickel_001.JPG/440px-Anton_Hickel_001.JPG 2x" data-file-width="535" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption>苏莱曼大帝(左)与许蕾姆苏丹在一起</figcaption></figure> <p>苏莱曼大帝以<a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%94%E5%90%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="笔名">笔名</a>“穆希比”为许蕾姆苏丹创作了下面这首<a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%97" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="诗">诗</a>: </p> <blockquote><p>“我寂寞<a href="/wiki/%E7%B1%B3%E5%93%88%E6%8B%89%E5%B8%83" title="米哈拉布">壁龛</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%A1%E5%BA%A7" title="御座">宝座</a>、我的爱、我的<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E5%85%89" title="月光">月光</a>。<br /> </p><p>我最真诚的朋友、我的知己、我存在的理由、我的苏丹<span id="noteTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-sultan_53-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sultan-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>註 5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span>、我唯一的爱。<br /> 美人中最美的人……<br /> 我的春天、我面露欢快的爱、我的<a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BD%E6%99%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="白晝">白昼</a>、我的甜心、带笑的树叶……<br /> 我的绿树、我的芳香、我的<a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%AB%E7%91%B0" title="玫瑰">玫瑰</a>、这世上唯一不会让我悲伤的人……<br /> 我的<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E5%B8%83%E5%B0%94" class="mw-redirect" title="伊斯坦布尔">伊斯坦布尔</a>、我的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E6%8B%89%E6%9B%BC" title="卡拉曼">卡拉曼</a>、我<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E7%BA%B3%E6%89%98%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="安纳托利亚">安纳托利亚</a>的土地<br /> 我的<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E8%BE%BE%E8%B5%AB%E5%B0%9A" class="mw-disambig" title="巴达赫尚">巴达赫尚</a>、我的<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E6%A0%BC%E8%BE%BE" title="巴格达">巴格达</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E5%91%BC%E7%BD%97%E7%8F%8A" title="大呼罗珊">呼罗珊</a><br /> 秀发亮丽的我的妻、蛾眉弯弯的我的爱、眼中充满淘气的我的爱……<br /> 我会永远歌唱你的赞歌<br /> </p><p> 我,痛心的爱人、眼中充满泪水的穆希比,我很快乐。”<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="易卜拉欣帕夏"><span id=".E6.98.93.E5.8D.9C.E6.8B.89.E6.AC.A3.E5.B8.95.E5.A4.8F"></span>易卜拉欣帕夏</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%8F%E8%8E%B1%E6%9B%BC%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96_(%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD)&action=edit&section=10" title="编辑章节:易卜拉欣帕夏"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Suleiman_Agostino.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Suleiman_Agostino.JPG/220px-Suleiman_Agostino.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="311" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Suleiman_Agostino.JPG/330px-Suleiman_Agostino.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Suleiman_Agostino.JPG/440px-Suleiman_Agostino.JPG 2x" data-file-width="543" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E6%88%88%E6%96%AF%E8%92%82%E8%AF%BA%C2%B7%E9%9F%A6%E5%86%85%E9%BD%90%E4%BA%9A%E8%AF%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿戈斯蒂诺·韦内齐亚诺(页面不存在)">阿戈斯蒂诺·韦内齐亚诺</a>所绘苏莱曼大帝的<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9B%95%E7%89%88%E7%94%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="雕版画(页面不存在)">雕版画</a>肖像<span id="noteTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>註 6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span>。注意看画中的苏莱曼大帝头戴从<a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%B0%BC%E6%96%AF" title="威尼斯">威尼斯</a>获得的<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%B4%E7%9B%94" class="mw-redirect" title="头盔">头盔</a>,头盔上有四重<a href="/wiki/%E7%9A%87%E5%86%A0" title="皇冠">皇冠</a>,比<a href="/wiki/%E6%95%99%E5%AE%97" title="教宗">教宗</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E9%87%8D%E5%86%95" title="三重冕">三重冕</a>还要多一重,象征着他的权势超群<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。皇冠顶上有一片非常大的羽毛。这是奥斯曼帝国苏丹最不典型的头饰,可能苏莱曼除了接见来宾、尤其是<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E4%BD%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="大使">大使</a>外从未在其他正式场合戴过它<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%95%E5%B0%94%E5%8A%A0%E5%8B%92%C2%B7%E6%98%93%E5%8D%9C%E6%8B%89%E6%AC%A3%E5%B8%95%E5%A4%8F" title="帕尔加勒·易卜拉欣帕夏">帕尔加勒·易卜拉欣帕夏</a>年少时就与苏莱曼大帝成了好朋友。他原信<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E8%85%8A%E6%AD%A3%E6%95%99%E4%BC%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="希腊正教会">希腊正教</a>,长大后在<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E5%A4%AB%E5%B8%8C%E5%B0%94%E6%A2%85" title="德夫希尔梅">德夫希尔梅</a>制度下进入<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%AB%E5%BB%B7%E5%AD%A6%E6%A0%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="奥斯曼帝国宫廷学校(页面不存在)">宫廷学校</a>学习。苏莱曼先让他做皇家<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%BB%E9%B9%B0%E6%9C%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="养鹰术(页面不存在)">放鹰者</a>,然后擢升他为<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A7%E6%88%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="卧房">寝宫</a>的侍卫长<sup id="cite_ref-Mansel,_87._59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mansel,_87.-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。1523年,易卜拉欣帕夏晋升为<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E7%B6%AD%E9%BD%8A%E7%88%BE" title="大維齊爾">大维齐尔</a>和全军的<a href="/wiki/%E7%B8%BD%E5%8F%B8%E4%BB%A4" title="總司令">总司令</a>。苏莱曼还授予易卜拉欣帕夏<a href="/wiki/%E9%AD%AF%E7%B1%B3%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9E" title="魯米利亞">鲁米利亚</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%9D%E5%8B%92%E8%B4%9D%E4%BC%8A" title="贝勒贝伊">贝勒贝伊</a>(<span lang="tr">Beylerbey</span>,意为“众<a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%9D%E4%BC%8A" title="贝伊">贝伊</a>之贝伊”)的荣衔,把帝国在<a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A7%E6%B4%B2" title="欧洲">欧洲</a>的所有领土的管辖权以及驻扎在这些领土上的所有军队的战时指挥权交给他。根据17世纪一位<a href="/wiki/%E7%BC%96%E5%B9%B4%E5%8F%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="编年史">编年史</a>家的记载,易卜拉欣帕夏曾请求苏莱曼大帝收回成命,不要把他擢升到如此高位,以免树大招风自身难保;对此苏莱曼大帝向他保证,无论任何情况,只要他在位一天,他就不会有事<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>但最后易卜拉欣帕夏还是失去了苏莱曼大帝的恩宠。在易卜拉欣十三年的大维齐尔任期内,他青云直上,而且积累了大量财富,使得他在朝中树敌颇多。当易卜拉欣帕夏出征<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E6%96%AF" title="波斯">波斯</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%90%A8%E9%9D%9E%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="萨非王朝">萨非王朝</a>期间,有报告抵达苏莱曼大帝御前诉说易卜拉欣的傲慢:特别是易卜拉欣使用“塞拉斯克尔苏丹”(<span lang="tr">serasker sultan</span>)的头衔被视为对苏丹的公然冒犯<sup id="cite_ref-kinross230_61-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kinross230-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>苏莱曼对易卜拉欣的猜疑因后者与财政大臣伊斯坎德尔·切莱比(<span lang="tr">İskender Çelebi</span>)的不和而加重了。后来,切莱比被卷入了一场阴谋而失宠,易卜拉欣说服苏莱曼处死切莱比,两人的争斗才算告终。不过切莱比死前指控易卜拉欣是阴谋的同谋者<sup id="cite_ref-kinross230_61-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kinross230-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>,他的遗言使苏莱曼相信易卜拉欣确实背叛了自己<sup id="cite_ref-kinross230_61-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kinross230-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。1536年5月15日,人们在<a href="/wiki/%E6%89%98%E6%99%AE%E5%8D%A1%E7%8F%80%E5%AE%AB" title="托普卡珀宫">托普卡珀宫</a>发现了易卜拉欣帕夏的尸体。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="储位之争"><span id=".E5.82.A8.E4.BD.8D.E4.B9.8B.E4.BA.89"></span>储位之争</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%8F%E8%8E%B1%E6%9B%BC%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96_(%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD)&action=edit&section=11" title="编辑章节:储位之争"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>苏莱曼的两位<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%8E%E5%A6%83" title="后妃">后妃</a>为他生育了8位<a href="/wiki/%E7%9A%87%E5%AD%90" title="皇子">皇子</a>,其中有4位活过了1550年代,他们是:<a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E5%A1%94%E6%B3%95%E7%9A%87%E5%AD%90_(%E8%98%87%E8%90%8A%E6%9B%BC%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96)" title="穆斯塔法皇子 (蘇萊曼一世)">穆斯塔法皇子</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E5%88%A9%E5%A7%86%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%96" title="塞利姆二世">塞利姆皇子</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E8%80%B6%E6%BF%9F%E5%BE%B7%E7%9A%87%E5%AD%90_(%E8%98%87%E8%90%8A%E6%9B%BC%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96)" title="巴耶濟德皇子 (蘇萊曼一世)">巴耶濟德皇子</a>和吉汉吉尔皇子。4位皇子中只有穆斯塔法皇子不是<a href="/wiki/%E8%AE%B8%E8%95%BE%E5%A7%86%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9" title="许蕾姆苏丹">许蕾姆苏丹</a>所生,而是<a href="/wiki/%E7%91%AA%E5%B8%8C%E5%BE%B7%E5%BC%97%E6%9C%97" title="瑪希德弗朗">居尔巴哈尔苏丹</a>(“居尔巴哈尔”意为春天的<a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%AB%E7%91%B0" title="玫瑰">玫瑰</a>)所生,由于他身為長子,从而拥有皇位优先继承权。许蕾姆苏丹意识到,如果穆斯塔法皇子<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%A7%E4%BD%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="继位">继位</a>,她的三个儿子就会性命不保。当时,穆斯塔法皇子被认为是所有皇子中最有才能的一位,而且他得到了<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E7%B6%AD%E9%BD%8A%E7%88%BE" title="大維齊爾">大维齐尔</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%95%E5%B0%94%E5%8A%A0%E5%8B%92%C2%B7%E6%98%93%E5%8D%9C%E6%8B%89%E6%AC%A3%E5%B8%95%E5%A4%8F" title="帕尔加勒·易卜拉欣帕夏">帕尔加勒·易卜拉欣帕夏</a>的支持。奥地利驻伊斯坦布尔大使<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E5%90%89%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E5%90%89%E6%96%AF%E6%9E%97%C2%B7%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E5%B8%83%E6%96%AF%E8%B4%9D%E5%85%8B" title="奥吉尔·吉斯林·德·布斯贝克">布斯貝克</a>就曾提到:“苏莱曼的诸皇子中有一位叫穆斯塔法,他的教养出奇的好,深谋远虑,二十四五岁左右,作为一位君王正当年;希望<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8A%E5%B8%9D" title="上帝">上帝</a>不要让和他一样充满力量的<a href="/wiki/%E8%9B%AE%E6%97%8F" title="蛮族">野蛮人</a>靠近我们。”接着他还谈到了穆斯塔法“卓越的天赋”<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Suleiman_I._after_1560.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Suleiman_I._after_1560.jpg/220px-Suleiman_I._after_1560.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="295" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Suleiman_I._after_1560.jpg/330px-Suleiman_I._after_1560.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Suleiman_I._after_1560.jpg/440px-Suleiman_I._after_1560.jpg 2x" data-file-width="690" data-file-height="925" /></a><figcaption>1560年尼加里所绘晚年的苏莱曼大帝</figcaption></figure> <p>许蕾姆苏丹一直被指责至少对之后的<a href="/wiki/%E7%9A%87%E5%82%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="皇储">储位</a>更迭阴谋负有部分责任。表面上,她只是苏丹的妻子,和同时代的<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="英格兰君主列表">英格兰国王</a><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%A8%E5%88%A9%E5%85%AB%E4%B8%96" title="亨利八世">亨利八世</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E5%90%8E" title="王后">王后</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%A6%AE%C2%B7%E5%8D%9A%E6%9E%97" title="安妮·博林">安妮·博林</a>一样在政治舞台上只能扮演非正式公开的角色<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。但事实上,这并没有阻止许蕾姆苏丹发挥她强大的政治影响力。当时奥斯曼帝国还未建立起正式的皇位继承制度,新苏丹继位后往往会将兄弟们全部处死以防止他们为争夺皇位而发动叛乱。为了保住自己三个儿子的性命,许蕾姆苏丹运用她的影响力不断削弱支持穆斯塔法皇子的力量<sup id="cite_ref-Mansel,_84._48-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mansel,_84.-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>在许蕾姆苏丹的煽动下<sup id="cite_ref-Mansel,_87._59-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mansel,_87.-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>,苏莱曼大帝谋杀了大维齐尔易卜拉欣帕夏,让<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%B3%E5%A9%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="女婿">女婿</a><a href="/wiki/%E9%AD%AF%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E5%B8%95%E5%A4%8F" title="魯斯坦帕夏">魯斯坦帕夏</a>(娶苏莱曼大帝与许蕾姆苏丹之女<a href="/wiki/%E7%B1%B3%E8%B5%AB%E9%BA%97%E7%91%AA%E8%98%87%E4%B8%B9" title="米赫麗瑪蘇丹">米赫麗瑪蘇丹</a>)取而代之。从1552年鲁斯坦帕夏被任命为远征<a href="/wiki/%E8%90%A8%E9%9D%9E%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="萨非王朝">波斯</a>的总司令开始,扳倒穆斯塔法皇子的阴谋拉开了序幕。鲁斯坦帕夏派一个苏丹最为信任的人向苏丹报告,他称因为苏丹已经不是军队的首领,士兵们认为是时候让一位更年轻的皇子上台了;同时他散布谣言,证实穆斯塔法皇子已经接受了这个建议。苏莱曼被谣言激怒,他开始相信穆斯塔法皇子确实想抢班夺权,结果第二年夏天,远征军从波斯回国途中,苏莱曼把穆斯塔法皇子召到自己在<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E9%9B%B7%E5%88%A9" title="埃雷利">埃雷利</a>河谷(今属<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A%E7%9C%81" title="科尼亚省">科尼亚省</a>)的大帐中<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>,说“如果他(穆斯塔法皇子)内心无愧地赶来了”,他将“能把自己的被指控罪行洗刷干净”<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Szigetvar_1566.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Szigetvar_1566.jpg/200px-Szigetvar_1566.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="286" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Szigetvar_1566.jpg/300px-Szigetvar_1566.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Szigetvar_1566.jpg/400px-Szigetvar_1566.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1272" data-file-height="1819" /></a><figcaption>苏莱曼大帝的最后一战:1566年<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E7%9B%96%E7%89%B9%E7%93%A6%E5%B0%94%E6%88%98%E5%BD%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="西盖特瓦尔战役">西盖特瓦尔战役</a></figcaption></figure> <p>穆斯塔法皇子面临一个选择:如果真的去他父皇那里,他得冒着被处死的生命危险;如果他不去,则会被指控叛君叛国。最后,穆斯塔法皇子以为有军队的支持,自己不会有事,还是选择了去父皇的大帐。奥地利驻伊斯坦布尔<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E4%BD%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="大使">大使</a>布斯貝克是穆斯塔法皇子生命最后时光的见证人,他描绘了穆斯塔法皇子的结局:「当穆斯塔法皇子进入苏莱曼大帐的时候,苏莱曼的<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%A6%E5%AE%98" title="宦官">宦官</a>们攻击了他,年轻的皇子勇敢地自卫。苏莱曼靠着大帐的亚麻布吊帘才将打斗的双方分开,然后他凝视着大帐,用凶恶和危险的目光瞥向沉默的宦官,并用威胁性的言语严厉地指责他们的犹豫不决。于是,惧怕苏莱曼的宦官们壮了壮胆,把穆斯塔法皇子推倒在地,把绞索套在他的脖子上,绞死了他。」<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>据说吉汉吉尔皇子在得到他同父异母兄长的死讯几个月后就因悲伤过度而死<sup id="cite_ref-Mansel89_67-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mansel89-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。苏莱曼将帝国的两个不同部分的指挥权授予其他两位还活着的皇子:巴耶济德和塞利姆。但几年内两位同胞兄弟就因争夺皇位而暴发<a href="/wiki/%E5%86%85%E6%88%98" title="内战">内战</a>,他们各自有一支支持自己的皇家军队<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。在父皇军队的帮助下,塞利姆于1559年在<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E_(%E5%9C%9F%E8%80%B3%E5%85%B6)" class="mw-redirect" title="科尼亞 (土耳其)">科尼亚</a>击败了巴耶济德,巴耶济德皇子和他的四个儿子只得逃往波斯,寻求波斯人的庇护。苏莱曼苏丹要求波斯<a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E8%B5%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="沙赫">沙赫</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%94%E8%B5%AB%E7%8E%9B%E6%96%AF%E6%99%AE%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96" title="塔赫玛斯普一世">塔赫玛斯普一世</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%95%E6%B8%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="引渡">交出</a>巴耶济德或者处死他,作为<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%96%E4%BA%A4" title="外交">外交</a>上的交换条件,沙赫将获得一大笔数量的<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%84%E9%87%91" class="mw-redirect" title="黄金">黄金</a>。沙赫同意了交换条件,1561年,他让土耳其刽子手把巴耶济德及其四个儿子<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%9E%E5%88%91" title="绞刑">绞死</a>了<sup id="cite_ref-Mansel89_67-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mansel89-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。如此一来,塞利姆成为唯一活在世上的皇子,为他七年后(1566年9月5/6日)登上皇位扫清了障碍<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="死亡"><span id=".E6.AD.BB.E4.BA.A1"></span>死亡</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%8F%E8%8E%B1%E6%9B%BC%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96_(%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD)&action=edit&section=12" title="编辑章节:死亡"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>1566年5月1日,苏莱曼从伊斯坦布尔出发<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>,再次远征<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%88%E7%89%99%E5%88%A9" title="匈牙利">匈牙利</a>。同年9月6日,苏莱曼在奥斯曼人取得<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E7%9B%96%E7%89%B9%E7%93%A6%E5%B0%94%E6%88%98%E5%BD%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="西盖特瓦尔战役">西盖特瓦尔战役</a>的胜利之前离开了人世,享壽71岁<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。為避免在戰爭中動搖軍心,蘇萊曼的死保密了48天。他的心臟和內臟就近埋在<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="土貝克" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Turbék"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9C%9F%E8%B2%9D%E5%85%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="土貝克(页面不存在)">土貝克</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turb%C3%A9k" class="extiw" title="en:Turbék"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Turbék</span></a></span>)</span></span>,屍首則運回伊斯坦堡,安葬在<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E8%8E%B1%E6%9B%BC%E5%B0%BC%E8%80%B6%E6%B8%85%E7%9C%9F%E5%AF%BA" title="苏莱曼尼耶清真寺">苏莱曼尼耶清真寺</a>。<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>後來,塞利姆在內臟的掩埋地上方蓋起了一座陵墓,這座陵墓隨著土貝克在1680年代被毀而消失<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>,直到2015年有考古團隊在<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%88%E7%89%99%E5%88%A9" title="匈牙利">匈牙利</a>發現可能是陵墓的遺跡,挖掘之後判定這即是苏莱曼的陵墓<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="遗产"><span id=".E9.81.97.E4.BA.A7"></span>遗产</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%8F%E8%8E%B1%E6%9B%BC%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96_(%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD)&action=edit&section=13" title="编辑章节:遗产"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:OttomanEmpireIn1683.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/OttomanEmpireIn1683.png/220px-OttomanEmpireIn1683.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="207" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/OttomanEmpireIn1683.png/330px-OttomanEmpireIn1683.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/OttomanEmpireIn1683.png/440px-OttomanEmpireIn1683.png 2x" data-file-width="1966" data-file-height="1850" /></a><figcaption>奥斯曼帝国版图的变化,苏莱曼大帝的征服是帝国领土扩张过程中的重要环节,帝国的领土于1683年达到最大。</figcaption></figure> <p>苏莱曼一世归真时的奥斯曼帝国拥有无可匹敌的军事力量、大量的财富和广袤的领土,是当时世界上<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E5%9B%BD" title="大国">最强国</a>之一<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。苏莱曼统治下的奥斯曼帝国控制着<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E6%95%99" title="伊斯兰教">伊斯兰教</a>的大部分重要城市(如伊斯兰教三大<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%A3%E5%9C%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="圣地">圣地</a><a href="/wiki/%E9%BA%A6%E5%8A%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="麦加">麦加</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%BA%A6%E5%9C%B0%E9%82%A3" title="麦地那">麦地那</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%80%B6%E8%B7%AF%E6%92%92%E5%86%B7" title="耶路撒冷">耶路撒冷</a>,<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E4%BC%AF%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD" title="阿拉伯帝国">阿拉伯帝国</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%80%AD%E9%A9%AC%E4%BA%9A%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="倭马亚王朝">倭马亚王朝</a>故都<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%A9%AC%E5%A3%AB%E9%9D%A9" title="大马士革">大马士革</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%94%E6%96%AF%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="阿拔斯王朝">阿拔斯王朝</a>故都<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E6%A0%BC%E8%BE%BE" title="巴格达">巴格达</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E8%92%82%E7%8E%9B%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="法蒂玛王朝">法蒂玛王朝</a>故都<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%80%E7%BD%97" title="开罗">开罗</a>)、<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%B0%94%E5%B9%B2%E5%8D%8A%E5%B2%9B" title="巴尔干半岛">巴尔干</a>的许多行省(从今天的<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E7%BD%97%E5%9C%B0%E4%BA%9A" title="克罗地亚">克罗地亚</a>到<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E5%9C%B0%E5%88%A9" title="奥地利">奥地利</a>)及其<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E9%9D%9E" title="北非">北非</a>的大部分。苏莱曼在<a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A7%E6%B4%B2" title="欧洲">欧洲</a>的扩张使<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%9C%9F%E8%80%B3%E5%85%B6%E4%BA%BA" title="奥斯曼土耳其人">奥斯曼土耳其人</a>成为欧洲政治舞台上保持各国势力均衡的强大仲裁者。确实,奥地利驻伊斯坦布尔大使布斯貝克就察觉到苏莱曼统治下的奥斯曼帝国即将对欧洲进行征服,并对此感到恐惧:“在土耳其人一方是强大的帝国资源、他们的力量未曾受损、屡战屡胜、不畏艰苦、团结一致、遵规守纪而且头脑清醒……我们能够怀疑结果会是怎样么?当土耳其人惩罚<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E6%96%AF" title="波斯">波斯</a>后,他们就会转而攻击我们的<a href="/wiki/%E5%92%BD%E5%96%89" title="咽喉">咽喉</a>,整个东方都会支持他们;我不敢说我们会怎样地毫无防备。”<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>甚至在布斯贝克死后三十年,<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD" title="英国">英国</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%89%A7%E4%BD%9C%E5%AE%B6" title="剧作家">剧作家</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%BB%89%C2%B7%E8%8E%8E%E5%A3%AB%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A" title="威廉·莎士比亚">威廉·莎士比亚</a>在他的<a href="/wiki/%E5%96%9C%E5%89%A7" class="mw-redirect" title="喜剧">喜剧</a>《<a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%B0%BC%E6%96%AF%E5%95%86%E4%BA%BA" title="威尼斯商人">威尼斯商人</a>》(第二幕第一场)中也提到了“苏里曼苏丹”(英文:<span lang="en">Sultan Solyman</span>)是一位军事奇才<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%C4%B0stanbul_5622.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/%C4%B0stanbul_5622.jpg/220px-%C4%B0stanbul_5622.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/%C4%B0stanbul_5622.jpg/330px-%C4%B0stanbul_5622.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/%C4%B0stanbul_5622.jpg/440px-%C4%B0stanbul_5622.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1932" data-file-height="2576" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E8%8E%B1%E6%9B%BC%E5%B0%BC%E8%80%B6%E6%B8%85%E7%9C%9F%E5%AF%BA" title="苏莱曼尼耶清真寺">苏莱曼尼耶清真寺</a>中的苏丹苏莱曼<a href="/wiki/%E5%A2%93" class="mw-redirect" title="墓">墓</a></figcaption></figure> <p>苏莱曼大帝的遗产并不仅仅局限在军事领域。苏莱曼大帝归真一个世纪后,<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%9B%BD" title="法国">法国</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%85%E8%A1%8C%E5%AE%B6" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="旅行家">旅行家</a><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="让·德泰弗诺" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Jean de Thévenot"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%AE%A9%C2%B7%E5%BE%B7%E6%B3%B0%E5%BC%97%E8%AF%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="让·德泰弗诺(页面不存在)">让·德泰弗诺</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_de_Th%C3%A9venot" class="extiw" title="en:Jean de Thévenot"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Jean de Thévenot</span></a></span>)</span></span>亲眼目睹了“这个国家雄厚的农业基础、农民的幸福生活、充裕的主食和苏莱曼超群的政府编制。”<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>苏莱曼对行政和立法体系的改革使他赢得了“卡努尼”(“立法者”)的称号,保证了他身后的帝国国祚长久,这一成就“足够让他之后的很多代颓废的后继者坐吃山空了”<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>由于苏莱曼个人对文化的资助,奥斯曼帝国的<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%84%E9%87%91%E6%97%B6%E4%BB%A3" title="黄金时代">黄金时代</a>在他的主持下拉开序幕。苏莱曼时代,奥斯曼土耳其人在<a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%BA%E7%AD%91" class="mw-redirect" title="建筑">建筑</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E5%AD%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="文学">文学</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%89%BA%E6%9C%AF" title="艺术">艺术</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%9E%E5%AD%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="神学">神学</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%A6" title="哲学">哲学</a>等领域的文化成就达到了顶峰<sup id="cite_ref-atil24_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-atil24-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。如今,<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%9A%E6%96%AF%E6%99%AE%E9%B2%81%E6%96%AF%E6%B5%B7%E5%B3%A1" title="博斯普鲁斯海峡">博斯普鲁斯海峡</a>、以及现代土耳其与前奥斯曼行省的很多城市的地平线上仍然装饰着<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E6%9F%A5%C2%B7%E7%B1%B3%E9%A6%AC%E7%88%BE%C2%B7%E5%B8%8C%E5%8D%97" class="mw-redirect" title="科查·米馬爾·希南">科查·米马尔·希南</a>的建筑作品。其中,<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E8%8E%B1%E6%9B%BC%E5%B0%BC%E8%80%B6%E6%B8%85%E7%9C%9F%E5%AF%BA" title="苏莱曼尼耶清真寺">苏莱曼尼耶清真寺</a>是苏莱曼大帝与他的妻子<a href="/wiki/%E8%AE%B8%E8%95%BE%E5%A7%86%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9" title="许蕾姆苏丹">许蕾姆苏丹</a>的最终归宿,他们被葬在清真寺内的两座分开的陵墓中<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mosque_in_Mariupol.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Mosque_in_Mariupol.jpg/220px-Mosque_in_Mariupol.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Mosque_in_Mariupol.jpg/330px-Mosque_in_Mariupol.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Mosque_in_Mariupol.jpg/440px-Mosque_in_Mariupol.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%8C%E5%85%8B%E5%85%B0" title="乌克兰">乌克兰</a><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E9%87%8C%E4%B9%8C%E6%B3%A2%E5%B0%94" title="马里乌波尔">马里乌波尔</a>清真寺</figcaption></figure> <p>2007年,为了纪念苏莱曼大帝和他的<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%8C%E5%85%8B%E5%85%B0" title="乌克兰">乌克兰</a>妻子<a href="/wiki/%E8%AE%B8%E8%95%BE%E5%A7%86%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9" title="许蕾姆苏丹">许蕾姆苏丹</a>,乌克兰的<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E9%87%8C%E4%B9%8C%E6%B3%A2%E5%B0%94" title="马里乌波尔">马里乌波尔</a>建造起一座<a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E7%9C%9F%E5%AF%BA" title="清真寺">清真寺</a><sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。清真寺的建造者是土耳其商人萨利赫·吉汉,他和苏莱曼大帝一样出生于<a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E6%8B%89%E5%B8%83%E5%AE%97" title="特拉布宗">特拉布宗</a>。每周五(<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%BB%E9%BA%BB%E6%97%A5" title="主麻日">主麻日</a>),当地的<a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E6%9E%97" title="穆斯林">穆斯林</a>会去清真寺作<a href="/wiki/%E7%A4%BC%E6%8B%9C_(%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E6%95%99)" title="礼拜 (伊斯兰教)">礼拜</a><sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div style="clear:both;"></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="注释"><span id=".E6.B3.A8.E9.87.8A"></span>注释</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%8F%E8%8E%B1%E6%9B%BC%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96_(%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD)&action=edit&section=14" title="编辑章节:注释"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div id="references-NoteFoot"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">奥斯曼帝国苏丹自<a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E5%88%A9%E5%A7%86%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96" title="塞利姆一世">塞利姆一世</a>起接受<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%80%E7%BD%97" title="开罗">开罗</a><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%94%E6%96%AF%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="阿拔斯王朝">阿拔斯王朝</a>献出的<a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E5%8F%91" title="哈里发">哈里发</a>称号。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-westname-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-westname_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">其他语言中的“苏莱曼大帝”还有:阿拉伯语:<span lang="ar" dir="rtl">سليمان العظيم</span>‎,<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E6%96%AF%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="波斯語">波斯語</a>:<span lang="fa" dir="rtl">سلیمان کبیر或سلیمان قدرتمند</span>‎,<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%8C%E5%B0%94%E9%83%BD%E8%AF%AD" title="乌尔都语">乌尔都语</a>:<span lang="ur">سلیمان اعظم</span>‎‎,<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E8%87%98%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="希臘語">希臘語</a>:<span lang="el">Σουλεϊμάν ο Μεγαλοπρεπής</span>,<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E6%B4%9B%E7%B6%AD%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="斯洛維尼亞語">斯洛維尼亞語</a>:<span lang="sl">Sulejman Veličastni</span>,<a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E7%88%BE%E7%B6%AD%E4%BA%9E%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="塞爾維亞語">塞爾維亞語</a>:<span lang="sr">Сулејман Величанствени</span>,<a href="/wiki/%E7%83%8F%E5%85%8B%E8%98%AD%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="烏克蘭語">烏克蘭語</a>:<span lang="uk">Сулейма́н Пи́шний</span>,<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E9%A6%AC%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E%E8%AA%9E" title="羅馬尼亞語">羅馬尼亞語</a>:<span lang="ro">Soliman Magnificul</span>,<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E6%B4%9B%E4%BC%90%E5%85%8B%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="斯洛伐克語">斯洛伐克語</a>:<span lang="sk">Sulejman Skvostný</span>,<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%9D%E5%8A%A0%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9E%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="保加利亞語">保加利亞語</a>:<span lang="bg">Сюлейман Великолепни</span>,<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E8%98%AD%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="波蘭語">波蘭語</a>:<span lang="pl">Sulejman Wspaniały</span>,西班牙語:<span lang="es">Solimán el Magnífico</span>,德語:<span lang="de">Süleyman der Große或Süleyman der Prächtige</span>,<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%A9%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="義大利語">義大利語</a>:<span lang="it">Solimano il Magnifico</span>,法語:<span lang="fr">Soliman le Magnifique</span>,俄语:<span lang="ru">Сулейманом Великолепным</span>,葡萄牙語:<span lang="pt">Solimão o Magnífico</span>,英語:<span lang="en">Suleiman the Magnificent</span>,日语:<span lang="ja">スレイマン大帝</span>等。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-eastname-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-eastname_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">其他语言中的“苏莱曼大帝”还有:波斯文、普什图文、乌尔都文:<span lang="fa">سلطان سلیمان قانونی</span>‎等。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">英文版:<i><span lang="en">Everyone aims at the same meaning, but many are the versions of the story.</span></i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-sultan-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-sultan_53-0"><sup><b>5.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sultan_53-1"><sup><b>5.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">土耳其语不分阴阳性,许蕾姆的“苏丹”头衔与苏莱曼大帝的“<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9_(%E7%A7%B0%E8%B0%93)" title="苏丹 (称谓)">苏丹</a>”头衔不同,后者相当于阳性(<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B7%E6%80%A7" title="男性">男性</a>)的苏丹,而前者相当于阴性(<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%B3%E6%80%A7" title="女性">女性</a>)的苏丹,是(男性)苏丹之妻的称号(帝国早期苏丹之妻称“<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%AF%E6%95%A6" title="可敦">可敦</a>”),亦相当于“<a href="/wiki/%E7%9A%87%E5%90%8E" title="皇后">皇后</a>”。另外,苏丹的女儿也拥有(女性)“苏丹”称号,相當於<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E4%B8%BB" title="公主">公主</a>。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">阿戈斯蒂诺从未见过苏莱曼大帝,但他在<a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%B0%BC%E6%96%AF" title="威尼斯">威尼斯</a>可能见过画中的头盔并进行了<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%A0%E6%8F%8F" title="素描">素描</a>。</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参考來源"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.80.83.E4.BE.86.E6.BA.90"></span>参考來源</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%8F%E8%8E%B1%E6%9B%BC%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96_(%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD)&action=edit&section=15" title="编辑章节:参考來源"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist columns references-column-width" style="-moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-cihai-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-cihai_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREF辞海1999">辞海 1999</a>,第691頁:"<span lang="zh-cn">苏里曼一世</span>"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMerriman1944">Merriman 1944</a>,<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.87496">扉頁</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMansel1998">Mansel 1998</a>,第61頁</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-atil24-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-atil24_7-0"><sup><b>4.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-atil24_7-1"><sup><b>4.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAtıl,_The_Age_of_Sultan_Süleyman_the_Magnificent1987">Atıl, The Age of Sultan Süleyman the Magnificent 1987</a>,第24頁</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFClot1992">Clot 1992</a>,第25頁</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBarber1973">Barber 1973</a>,第<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sultansbarb00barb/page/36">36</a>頁</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFClot1992">Clot 1992</a>,第28頁</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKinross1979">Kinross 1979</a>,第175頁</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLamb1951">Lamb 1951</a>,第14頁</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBarber1976">Barber 1976</a>,第23頁</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFImber2002">Imber 2002</a>,第49頁</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFClot1992">Clot 1992</a>,第39頁</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKinross1979">Kinross 1979</a>,第176頁</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKinross1979">Kinross 1979</a>,第187頁</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSevery1987">Severy 1987</a>,第580頁</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFEmbree2004">Embree 2004</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTurnbull2003">Turnbull 2003</a>,第<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/ospreyessentialh1699turn/page/n54">50</a>頁</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFImber2002">Imber 2002</a>,第50頁</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLabib1979">Labib 1979</a>,第444頁</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFImber2002">Imber 2002</a>,第52頁</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFImber2002">Imber 2002</a>,第53頁</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFImber2002">Imber 2002</a>,第54頁</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-imber51-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-imber51_26-0"><sup><b>23.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-imber51_26-1"><sup><b>23.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFImber2002">Imber 2002</a>,第51頁</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-sicker206-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-sicker206_27-0"><sup><b>24.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sicker206_27-1"><sup><b>24.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSicker2000">Sicker 2000</a>,第206頁</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFClot1992">Clot 1992</a>,第93頁</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFThe_Encyclopedia_of_World_History2001">The Encyclopedia of World History 2001</a>,第<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/encyclopediaofwo0000unse_i2x5/page/351/mode/1up">351</a>頁,IV. The Early Modern Period, 1500–1800 > C. The Middle East and North Africa, 1500–1800 > 2. The Middle East, 1501–1808 > a. The Ottoman Empire > 1. The Rise to World Empire:"<span lang="en">1548–49 Suleyman's second Iranian campaign. The Ottomans occupied Tabriz and Azerbaijan again but withdrew. Their only territorial gains from two years of warfare were Van, which was organized as a province, and some forts in Georgia.</span>"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kinross236-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Kinross236_30-0"><sup><b>27.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kinross236_30-1"><sup><b>27.1</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kinross236_30-2"><sup><b>27.2</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKinross1979">Kinross 1979</a>,第236頁</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFThe_Encyclopedia_of_World_History2001">The Encyclopedia of World History 2001</a>,第<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/encyclopediaofwo0000unse_i2x5/page/351/mode/1up">351</a>頁,IV. The Early Modern Period, 1500–1800 > C. The Middle East and North Africa, 1500–1800 > 2. The Middle East, 1501–1808 > a. The Ottoman Empire > 1. The Rise to World Empire:"<span lang="en">1553–55 Suleyman's third Iranian campaign. His forces ravaged parts of Iran but failed to force a showdown with the shah's army, which withdrew into the mountains of Luristan. In the peace agreement signed at Amasya (May 29, 1555), the shah recognized the existing boundaries and promised to end his propaganda and raids into Ottoman territory.</span>"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFClot1992">Clot 1992</a>,第87頁</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKinross1979">Kinross 1979</a>,第227頁</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKinross1979">Kinross 1979</a>,第53頁</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMalta.com2007">Malta.com 2007</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKinross1979">Kinross 1979</a>,第205頁</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFImber2002">Imber 2002</a>,第244頁</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGreenblatt2003">Greenblatt 2003</a>,第20頁</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGreenblatt2003">Greenblatt 2003</a>,第21頁</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKinross1979">Kinross 1979</a>,第210頁</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMansel1998">Mansel 1998</a>,第124頁</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-kinross211-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-kinross211_42-0"><sup><b>39.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kinross211_42-1"><sup><b>39.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKinross1979">Kinross 1979</a>,第211頁</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAtıl,_The_Golden_Age_of_Ottoman_Art1987">Atıl, The Golden Age of Ottoman Art 1987</a>,第24-33頁</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMansel1998">Mansel 1998</a>,第70頁</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-byegm-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-byegm_46-0"><sup><b>42.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-byegm_46-1"><sup><b>42.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHalman1988">Halman 1988</a>,英文版:<i><span lang="en">Peerless among princes, my Sultan Mehmed.</span></i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTürkçe_Bilgi">Türkçe Bilgi</a>,奥斯曼土耳其语版:<span lang="tr">شهزادهلر گزيدهسی سلطان محمدم</span>,现代土耳其语版:<i><span lang="tr">Şehzadeler güzidesi Sultan Muhammed’üm</span></i>,作于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E5%8E%86" title="伊斯兰历">伊斯兰历</a>950年,相当于<a href="/wiki/%E5%84%92%E7%95%A5%E6%9B%86" title="儒略曆">西历</a>1543年。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Mansel,_84.-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Mansel,_84._48-0"><sup><b>44.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mansel,_84._48-1"><sup><b>44.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMansel1998">Mansel 1998</a>,第84頁,诗句的英文版: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209892"> <blockquote class="templatequote"><span lang="en">The people think of wealth and power as the greatest fate,<br /> <p>But in this world a spell of health is the best state.<br /> What men call sovereignty is a worldly strife and constant war;<br /> </p> Worship of God is the highest throne, the happiest of all estates.</span></blockquote></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFUNESCO">UNESCO</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAtıl,_The_Age_of_Sultan_Süleyman_the_Magnificent1987">Atıl, The Age of Sultan Süleyman the Magnificent 1987</a>,第26頁</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAhmed2001">Ahmed 2001</a>,第43頁</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMansel1998">Mansel 1998</a>,第86頁</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFImber2002">Imber 2002</a>,第90頁</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWomen_in_World_History_Curriculum_Showcase">Women in World History Curriculum Showcase</a>,詩句的英文版: <blockquote><span lang="en">"Throne of my lonely niche, my wealth, my love, my moonlight.<br /> <p>My most sincere friend, my confidant, my very existence, my Sultan, my one and only love.<br /> The most beautiful among the beautiful…<br /> My springtime, my merry faced love, my daytime, my sweetheart, laughing leaf…<br /> My plants, my sweet, my rose, the one only who does not distress me in this world…<br /> My Istanbul, my Caraman, the earth of my Anatolia<br /> My Badakhshan, my Baghdad and Khorasan<br /> My woman of the beautiful hair, my love of the slanted brow, my love of eyes full of mischief…<br /> I'll sing your praises always<br /> </p> I, lover of the tormented heart, Muhibbi of the eyes full of tears, I am happy."</span></blockquote></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFThe_Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art1968">The Metropolitan Museum of Art 1968</a>,第229頁</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLevey1975">Levey 1975</a>,第65頁</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Mansel,_87.-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Mansel,_87._59-0"><sup><b>53.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mansel,_87._59-1"><sup><b>53.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMansel1998">Mansel 1998</a>,第87頁</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFClot1992">Clot 1992</a>,第49頁</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-kinross230-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-kinross230_61-0"><sup><b>55.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kinross230_61-1"><sup><b>55.1</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kinross230_61-2"><sup><b>55.2</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKinross1979">Kinross 1979</a>,第230頁</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFClot1992">Clot 1992</a>,第155頁</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMansel1998">Mansel 1998</a>,第85頁</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFÜnal1961">Ünal 1961</a>,第9-22頁</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFClot1992">Clot 1992</a>,第157頁</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKinross1979">Kinross 1979</a>,第239頁</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Mansel89-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Mansel89_67-0"><sup><b>61.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mansel89_67-1"><sup><b>61.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMansel1998">Mansel 1998</a>,第89頁</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKinross1979">Kinross 1979</a>,第240頁</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFYapp2007">Yapp 2007</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTurnbull2003">Turnbull 2003</a>,第55頁</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFImber2002">Imber 2002</a>,第60頁</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTurnbull2003">Turnbull 2003</a>,第57頁</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFThe_Guardian2015">The Guardian 2015</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFÁgoston1991">Ágoston 1991</a>,第197-198頁</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSara_Toth_Stub2018">Sara Toth Stub 2018</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFClot1992">Clot 1992</a>,第298頁</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLewis2002">Lewis 2002</a>,第10頁</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">剧中<a href="/wiki/%E6%91%A9%E6%B4%9B%E5%93%A5" title="摩洛哥">摩洛哥</a><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%B2%E7%8E%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="亲王">亲王</a>向女主角鲍西娅求婚时曾说到:“凭着这一柄曾经手刃波斯王并且使一个三次战败苏里曼苏丹的波斯王子授首的宝剑起誓,……”见<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%B1%E7%94%9F%E8%B1%AA" title="朱生豪">朱生豪</a>译本。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAhmed2001">Ahmed 2001</a>,第147頁</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLamb1951">Lamb 1951</a>,第325頁</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRussell2007">Russell 2007</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGoodwin2003">Goodwin 2003</a>,第<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/historyofottoman0000good/page/237/mode/1up">237</a>頁</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRISU2007">RISU 2007</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFZAMAN_DIŞ_HABERLER2007">ZAMAN DIŞ HABERLER 2007</a></span> </li> </ol></div> <dl><dt>已出版的资料</dt></dl> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r80540462">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-100{font-size:100%}</style><div class="refbegin columns references-column-count references-column-count-2" style="-moz-column-count: 2; -webkit-column-count: 2; column-count: 2;"> <ul><li><cite id="CITEREFÁgoston1991" class="citation journal">Ágoston, Gábor. Muslim Cultural Enclaves in Hungary under Ottoman Rule. Acta Orientalia Scientiarum Hungaricae. 1991, <b>45</b>: 181–204.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%8F%E8%8E%B1%E6%9B%BC%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96+%28%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%29&rft.atitle=Muslim+Cultural+Enclaves+in+Hungary+under+Ottoman+Rule&rft.aufirst=G%C3%A1bor&rft.aulast=%C3%81goston&rft.date=1991&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Acta+Orientalia+Scientiarum+Hungaricae&rft.pages=181-204&rft.volume=45&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFAhmed2001" class="citation book">Ahmed, Syed Z. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/zenithofempiregl0000ahme"><span></span><i>The Zenith of an Empire : The Glory of the Suleiman the Magnificent and the Law Giver</i><span></span></a>. A.E.R. Publications. 2001. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-0971587304" title="Special:网络书源/978-0971587304"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 978-0971587304</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%8F%E8%8E%B1%E6%9B%BC%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96+%28%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%29&rft.aufirst=Syed+Z&rft.aulast=Ahmed&rft.btitle=The+Zenith+of+an+Empire+%3A+The+Glory+of+the+Suleiman+the+Magnificent+and+the+Law+Giver&rft.date=2001&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0971587304&rft.pub=A.E.R.+Publications&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fzenithofempiregl0000ahme&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFAtıl,_The_Age_of_Sultan_Süleyman_the_Magnificent1987" class="citation book">Atıl, Esin. <span></span><i>The Age of Sultan Süleyman the Magnificent</i><span></span>. Washington, D.C.: National Gallery of Art. 1987. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-0894680984" title="Special:网络书源/978-0894680984"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 978-0894680984</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%8F%E8%8E%B1%E6%9B%BC%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96+%28%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%29&rft.aufirst=Esin&rft.aulast=At%C4%B1l&rft.btitle=The+Age+of+Sultan+S%C3%BCleyman+the+Magnificent&rft.date=1987&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0894680984&rft.place=Washington%2C+D.C.&rft.pub=National+Gallery+of+Art&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFAtıl,_The_Golden_Age_of_Ottoman_Art1987" class="citation journal">Atıl, Esin. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110609191610/http://www.saudiaramcoworld.com/issue/198704/the.golden.age.of.ottoman.art.htm"><i>The Golden Age of Ottoman Art</i></a>. Saudi Aramco World (Houston, Texas: Aramco Services Co). July–August 1987, <b>38</b> (4): 24–33 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2007-04-18</span>]</span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/1530-5821"><span title="国际标准连续出版物号">ISSN 1530-5821</span></a>. (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.saudiaramcoworld.com/issue/198704/the.golden.age.of.ottoman.art.htm">原始内容</a>存档于2011-06-09).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%8F%E8%8E%B1%E6%9B%BC%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96+%28%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%29&rft.atitle=The+Golden+Age+of+Ottoman+Art&rft.aufirst=Esin&rft.aulast=At%C4%B1l&rft.date=1987-07%2F1987-08&rft.genre=article&rft.issn=1530-5821&rft.issue=4&rft.jtitle=Saudi+Aramco+World&rft.pages=24-33&rft.volume=38&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.saudiaramcoworld.com%2Fissue%2F198704%2Fthe.golden.age.of.ottoman.art.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFBarber1973" class="citation book">Barber, Noel. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sultansbarb00barb"><span></span><i>The Sultans</i><span></span></a>. New York: Simon & Schuster. 1973.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%8F%E8%8E%B1%E6%9B%BC%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96+%28%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%29&rft.aufirst=Noel&rft.aulast=Barber&rft.btitle=The+Sultans&rft.date=1973&rft.genre=book&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Simon+%26+Schuster&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsultansbarb00barb&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFBarber1976" class="citation book">Barber, Noel. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/lordsofgoldenhor0000barb"><span></span><i>Lords of the Golden Horn : From Suleiman the Magnificent to Kamal Ataturk</i><span></span></a>. London: Pan Books. 1976. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-0330247351" title="Special:网络书源/978-0330247351"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 978-0330247351</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%8F%E8%8E%B1%E6%9B%BC%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96+%28%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%29&rft.aufirst=Noel&rft.aulast=Barber&rft.btitle=Lords+of+the+Golden+Horn+%3A+From+Suleiman+the+Magnificent+to+Kamal+Ataturk&rft.date=1976&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0330247351&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Pan+Books&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Flordsofgoldenhor0000barb&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFClot1992" class="citation book">Clot, André. <span></span><i>Suleiman the Magnificent : The Man, His Life, His Epoch</i><span></span>. London: Saqi Books. 1992. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-0863561269" title="Special:网络书源/978-0863561269"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 978-0863561269</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%8F%E8%8E%B1%E6%9B%BC%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96+%28%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%29&rft.aufirst=Andr%C3%A9&rft.aulast=Clot&rft.btitle=Suleiman+the+Magnificent+%3A+The+Man%2C+His+Life%2C+His+Epoch&rft.date=1992&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0863561269&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Saqi+Books&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFGreenblatt2003" class="citation book">Greenblatt, Miriam. <span></span><i>Süleyman the Magnificent and the Ottoman Empire</i><span></span>. New York: Benchmark Books. 2003. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-0761414896" title="Special:网络书源/978-0761414896"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 978-0761414896</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%8F%E8%8E%B1%E6%9B%BC%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96+%28%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%29&rft.aufirst=Miriam&rft.aulast=Greenblatt&rft.btitle=S%C3%BCleyman+the+Magnificent+and+the+Ottoman+Empire&rft.date=2003&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0761414896&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Benchmark+Books&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFImber2002" class="citation book">Imber, Colin. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/ottomanempire1300000imbe"><span></span><i>The Ottoman Empire, 1300–1650 : The Structure of Power</i><span></span></a>. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. 2002. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-0333613863" title="Special:网络书源/978-0333613863"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 978-0333613863</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%8F%E8%8E%B1%E6%9B%BC%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96+%28%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%29&rft.aufirst=Colin&rft.aulast=Imber&rft.btitle=The+Ottoman+Empire%2C+1300%E2%80%931650+%3A+The+Structure+of+Power&rft.date=2002&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0333613863&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Palgrave+Macmillan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fottomanempire1300000imbe&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFKinross1979" class="citation book">Kinross, Patrick. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/ottomancenturies00kinr"><span></span><i>The Ottoman centuries : The Rise and Fall of the Turkish Empire</i><span></span></a>. New York: Morrow. 1979. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-0688080938" title="Special:网络书源/978-0688080938"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 978-0688080938</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%8F%E8%8E%B1%E6%9B%BC%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96+%28%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%29&rft.aufirst=Patrick&rft.aulast=Kinross&rft.btitle=The+Ottoman+centuries+%3A+The+Rise+and+Fall+of+the+Turkish+Empire&rft.date=1979&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0688080938&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Morrow&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fottomancenturies00kinr&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFLabib1979" class="citation journal">Labib, Subhi. <i>The Era of Suleyman the Magnificent: Crisis of Orientation</i>. International journal of Middle East studies (London: Cambridge University Press). 1979年11月, <b>10</b> (4): 435–451. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/0020-7438"><span title="国际标准连续出版物号">ISSN 0020-7438</span></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%8F%E8%8E%B1%E6%9B%BC%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96+%28%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%29&rft.atitle=The+Era+of+Suleyman+the+Magnificent%3A+Crisis+of+Orientation&rft.aufirst=Subhi&rft.aulast=Labib&rft.date=1979-11&rft.genre=article&rft.issn=0020-7438&rft.issue=4&rft.jtitle=International+journal+of+Middle+East+studies&rft.pages=435-451&rft.volume=10&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFLamb1951" class="citation book">Lamb, Harold. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/suleimanthemagni001564mbp"><span></span><i>Suleiman, the Magnificent, Sultan of the East</i><span></span></a>. Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday. 1951. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/oclc/397000"><span title="OCLC">OCLC 397000</span></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%8F%E8%8E%B1%E6%9B%BC%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96+%28%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%29&rft.aufirst=Harold&rft.aulast=Lamb&rft.btitle=Suleiman%2C+the+Magnificent%2C+Sultan+of+the+East&rft.date=1951&rft.genre=book&rft.place=Garden+City%2C+N.Y.&rft.pub=Doubleday&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsuleimanthemagni001564mbp&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F397000&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFLevey1975" class="citation book">Levey, Michael. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/worldofottomanar0000leve_n0z4"><span></span><i>The World of Ottoman Art</i><span></span></a>. Thames & Hudson. 1975. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/0500270651" title="Special:网络书源/0500270651"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 0500270651</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%8F%E8%8E%B1%E6%9B%BC%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96+%28%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%29&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.aulast=Levey&rft.btitle=The+World+of+Ottoman+Art&rft.date=1975&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0500270651&rft.pub=Thames+%26+Hudson&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fworldofottomanar0000leve_n0z4&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFLewis2002" class="citation book">Lewis, Bernard. <span></span><i>What Went Wrong? : Western Impact and Middle Eastern Response</i><span></span>. London: Phoenix. 2002. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-0753816752" title="Special:网络书源/978-0753816752"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 978-0753816752</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%8F%E8%8E%B1%E6%9B%BC%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96+%28%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%29&rft.aufirst=Bernard&rft.aulast=Lewis&rft.btitle=What+Went+Wrong%3F+%3A+Western+Impact+and+Middle+Eastern+Response&rft.date=2002&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0753816752&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Phoenix&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFMansel1998" class="citation book">Mansel, Phillip. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/constantinopleci0000mans"><span></span><i>Constantinople : City of the World's Desire, 1453–1924</i><span></span></a>. New York: St. Martin's Griffin. 1998. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-0312187088" title="Special:网络书源/978-0312187088"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 978-0312187088</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%8F%E8%8E%B1%E6%9B%BC%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96+%28%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%29&rft.aufirst=Phillip&rft.aulast=Mansel&rft.btitle=Constantinople+%3A+City+of+the+World%27s+Desire%2C+1453%E2%80%931924&rft.date=1998&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0312187088&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=St.+Martin%27s+Griffin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fconstantinopleci0000mans&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFMerriman1944" class="citation book">Merriman, Roger Bigelow. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.87496"><span></span><i>Suleiman the Magnificent, 1520–1566</i><span></span></a>. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. 1944. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/oclc/784228"><span title="OCLC">OCLC 784228</span></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%8F%E8%8E%B1%E6%9B%BC%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96+%28%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%29&rft.aufirst=Roger+Bigelow&rft.aulast=Merriman&rft.btitle=Suleiman+the+Magnificent%2C+1520%E2%80%931566&rft.date=1944&rft.genre=book&rft.place=Cambridge%2C+Massachusetts&rft.pub=Harvard+University+Press&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fin.ernet.dli.2015.87496&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F784228&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFSevery1987" class="citation journal">Severy, Merle. <i>The World of Süleyman the Magnificent</i>. National geographic (Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society). 1987年11月, <b>172</b> (5): 552–601. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/0027-9358"><span title="国际标准连续出版物号">ISSN 0027-9358</span></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%8F%E8%8E%B1%E6%9B%BC%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96+%28%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%29&rft.atitle=The+World+of+S%C3%BCleyman+the+Magnificent&rft.aufirst=Merle&rft.aulast=Severy&rft.date=1987-11&rft.genre=article&rft.issn=0027-9358&rft.issue=5&rft.jtitle=National+geographic&rft.pages=552-601&rft.volume=172&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFSicker2000" class="citation book">Sicker, Martin. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/islamicworldinas0000sick"><span></span><i>The Islamic World In Ascendancy : From the Arab Conquests to the Siege of Vienna</i><span></span></a>. Westport, Connecticut: Praeger. 2000. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-0275968922" title="Special:网络书源/978-0275968922"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 978-0275968922</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%8F%E8%8E%B1%E6%9B%BC%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96+%28%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%29&rft.aufirst=Martin&rft.aulast=Sicker&rft.btitle=The+Islamic+World+In+Ascendancy+%3A+From+the+Arab+Conquests+to+the+Siege+of+Vienna&rft.date=2000&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0275968922&rft.place=Westport%2C+Connecticut&rft.pub=Praeger&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fislamicworldinas0000sick&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFSara_Toth_Stub2018" class="citation journal">Sara Toth Stub. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.archaeology.org/issues/292-1803/letter-from/6344-hungary-search-for-suleiman">The Search for the Sultan’s Tomb</a>. <a href="/wiki/%E8%80%83%E5%8F%A4%E5%AD%B8_(%E9%9B%9C%E8%AA%8C)" title="考古學 (雜誌)">Archaeology</a> (<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E8%80%83%E5%8F%A4%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E6%89%80" title="美國考古研究所">Archaeological Institute of America</a>). March–April 2018 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2021-11-27</span>]</span>. (原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211127120014/https://www.archaeology.org/issues/292-1803/letter-from/6344-hungary-search-for-suleiman">存档</a>于2021-11-27).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%8F%E8%8E%B1%E6%9B%BC%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96+%28%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%29&rft.atitle=The+Search+for+the+Sultan%E2%80%99s+Tomb&rft.au=Sara+Toth+Stub&rft.date=2018-03%2F2018-04&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archaeology&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.archaeology.org%2Fissues%2F292-1803%2Fletter-from%2F6344-hungary-search-for-suleiman&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFÜnal1961" class="citation book">Ünal, Tahsin. <span></span><i>The Execution of Prince Mustafa in Eregli</i><span></span>. Anıt. 1961: 9–22.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%8F%E8%8E%B1%E6%9B%BC%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96+%28%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%29&rft.aufirst=Tahsin&rft.aulast=%C3%9Cnal&rft.btitle=The+Execution+of+Prince+Mustafa+in+Eregli&rft.date=1961&rft.genre=book&rft.pages=9-22&rft.pub=An%C4%B1t&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment"><code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|issue=</code>被忽略 (<a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%BC%95%E6%96%87%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F1%E9%94%99%E8%AF%AF#parameter_discarded" title="Help:引文格式1错误">帮助</a>)</span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFTurnbull2003" class="citation book">Turnbull, Stephen. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/ospreyessentialh1699turn"><span></span><i>The Ottoman Empire 1326 – 1699</i><span></span></a>. New York: Osprey Publishing. 2003.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%8F%E8%8E%B1%E6%9B%BC%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96+%28%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%29&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft.aulast=Turnbull&rft.btitle=The+Ottoman+Empire+1326+%E2%80%93+1699&rft.date=2003&rft.genre=book&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Osprey+Publishing&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fospreyessentialh1699turn&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFSaudi_Aramco_World_editors1964" class="citation journal">The Editors. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070513164833/http://www.saudiaramcoworld.com/issue/196402/.suleiman.the.lawgiver..htm"><i>Suleiman The Lawgiver</i></a>. Saudi Aramco World (Houston, Texas: Aramco Services Co). 1964-03-04, <b>15</b> (2): 8–10 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2007-04-18</span>]</span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/1530-5821"><span title="国际标准连续出版物号">ISSN 1530-5821</span></a>. (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.saudiaramcoworld.com/issue/196402/.suleiman.the.lawgiver..htm">原始内容</a>存档于2007-05-13).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%8F%E8%8E%B1%E6%9B%BC%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96+%28%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%29&rft.atitle=Suleiman+The+Lawgiver&rft.au=The+Editors&rft.date=1964-03-04&rft.genre=article&rft.issn=1530-5821&rft.issue=2&rft.jtitle=Saudi+Aramco+World&rft.pages=8-10&rft.volume=15&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.saudiaramcoworld.com%2Fissue%2F196402%2F.suleiman.the.lawgiver..htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFThe_Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art1968" class="citation journal">Turquerie. The Metropolitan Museum of Art Bulletin (The Metropolitan Museum of Art). 1968, <b>26</b> (5): 225-239. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F3258981"><span title="數位物件識別號">doi:10.2307/3258981</span></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%8F%E8%8E%B1%E6%9B%BC%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96+%28%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%29&rft.atitle=Turquerie&rft.date=1968&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=5&rft.jtitle=The+Metropolitan+Museum+of+Art+Bulletin&rft.pages=225-239&rft.volume=26&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F3258981&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFGoodwin2003" class="citation book">Goodwin, Godfrey. Süleymaniye, Istanbul. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/historyofottoman0000good/mode/2up">A History of Ottoman Architecture</a>. London: Thames & Hudson. 2003: 215–239 [1971]. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-0-500-51192-3" title="Special:网络书源/978-0-500-51192-3"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 978-0-500-51192-3</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%8F%E8%8E%B1%E6%9B%BC%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96+%28%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%29&rft.atitle=S%C3%BCleymaniye%2C+Istanbul&rft.aufirst=Godfrey&rft.aulast=Goodwin&rft.btitle=A+History+of+Ottoman+Architecture&rft.date=2003&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.isbn=978-0-500-51192-3&rft.pages=215-239&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Thames+%26+Hudson&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fhistoryofottoman0000good%2Fmode%2F2up&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFThe_Encyclopedia_of_World_History2001" class="citation encyclopaedia">Stearns, Peter N (编). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090130120155/http://bartleby.com/67/794.html">The Encyclopedia of World History: Ancient, Medieval, and Modern, chronologically arranged</a>. 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(原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130116050341/http://www.zaman.com.tr/newsDetail_getNewsById.action?haberno=598120">存档</a>于2013-01-16) <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到土耳其语网页">(土耳其语)</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%8F%E8%8E%B1%E6%9B%BC%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96+%28%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%29&rft.btitle=%C3%96zak+ile+Yaz%C4%B1c%C4%B1o%C4%9Flu+cami+a%C3%A7%C4%B1l%C4%B1%C5%9F%C4%B1na+kat%C4%B1ld%C4%B1&rft.date=2007-10-07&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=ZAMAN+DI%C5%9E+HABERLER&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.zaman.com.tr%2FnewsDetail_getNewsById.action%3Fhaberno%3D598120&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFThe_Guardian2015" class="citation web">Associated Press in Budapest. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/science/2015/dec/09/suleiman-the-magnificent-tomb-hungary">Suleiman the Magnificent's tomb believed to have been found in Hungary</a>. The Guardian. 2015-12-09 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2021-11-27</span>]</span>. (原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211127101213/https://www.theguardian.com/science/2015/dec/09/suleiman-the-magnificent-tomb-hungary">存档</a>于2021-11-27) <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到英语网页">(英语)</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%8F%E8%8E%B1%E6%9B%BC%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96+%28%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%29&rft.atitle=Suleiman+the+Magnificent%27s+tomb+believed+to+have+been+found+in+Hungary&rft.au=Associated+Press+in+Budapest&rft.date=2015-12-09&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fscience%2F2015%2Fdec%2F09%2Fsuleiman-the-magnificent-tomb-hungary&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="延伸阅读"><span id=".E5.BB.B6.E4.BC.B8.E9.98.85.E8.AF.BB"></span>延伸阅读</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%8F%E8%8E%B1%E6%9B%BC%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96_(%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD)&action=edit&section=16" title="编辑章节:延伸阅读"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r80540462"><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><cite class="citation book">Bridge, Anthony. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/suleimanmagnific0000brid"><span></span><i>Suleiman the Magnificent, Scourge of Heaven</i><span></span></a>. New York: F. Watts. 1983. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/oclc/9853956"><span title="OCLC">OCLC 9853956</span></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%8F%E8%8E%B1%E6%9B%BC%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96+%28%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%29&rft.aufirst=Anthony&rft.aulast=Bridge&rft.btitle=Suleiman+the+Magnificent%2C+Scourge+of+Heaven&rft.date=1983&rft.genre=book&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=F.+Watts&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsuleimanmagnific0000brid&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F9853956&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation book">Downey, Fairfax Davis. <span></span><i>The Grand Turke, Suleyman the Magnificent, sultan of the Ottomans</i><span></span>. New York: Minton, Balch & Company. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/oclc/25776191"><span title="OCLC">OCLC 25776191</span></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%8F%E8%8E%B1%E6%9B%BC%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96+%28%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%29&rft.aufirst=Fairfax+Davis&rft.aulast=Downey&rft.btitle=The+Grand+Turke%2C+Suleyman+the+Magnificent%2C+sultan+of+the+Ottomans&rft.genre=book&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Minton%2C+Balch+%26+Company&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F25776191&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation web">Hooker, Richard. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wsu.edu:8080/~dee/OTTOMAN/SULEYMAN.HTM"><i>The Ottomans: Suleyman</i></a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2007-09-02</span>]</span>. (原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/19990117031057/http://www.wsu.edu:8080/~dee/OTTOMAN/SULEYMAN.HTM">存档</a>于1999-01-17).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%8F%E8%8E%B1%E6%9B%BC%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96+%28%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%29&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.aulast=Hooker&rft.btitle=The+Ottomans%3A+Suleyman&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsu.edu%3A8080%2F~dee%2FOTTOMAN%2FSULEYMAN.HTM&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation book">Lybyer, Albert Howe. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/governmentottom00lybygoog"><span></span><i>The government of the Ottoman empire in the time of Suleiman the Magnificent</i><span></span></a>. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. 1913. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/oclc/1562148"><span title="OCLC">OCLC 1562148</span></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%8F%E8%8E%B1%E6%9B%BC%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96+%28%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%29&rft.aufirst=Albert+Howe&rft.aulast=Lybyer&rft.btitle=The+government+of+the+Ottoman+empire+in+the+time+of+Suleiman+the+Magnificent&rft.date=1913&rft.genre=book&rft.place=Cambridge%2C+Massachusetts&rft.pub=Harvard+University+Press&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fgovernmentottom00lybygoog&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1562148&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="外部链接"><span id=".E5.A4.96.E9.83.A8.E9.93.BE.E6.8E.A5"></span>外部链接</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%8F%E8%8E%B1%E6%9B%BC%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96_(%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD)&action=edit&section=17" title="编辑章节:外部链接"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82655521">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9;display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox" style="font-size:small;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82655520">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%AB%E8%B5%84%E6%BA%90" title="维基共享资源">维基共享资源</a>中相關的多媒體資源:<a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Kanuni_Sultan_S%C3%BCleyman" class="extiw" title="commons:Kanuni Sultan Süleyman"><span style="font-weight:bold;">苏莱曼一世</span></a>(<a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Suleiman_I" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Suleiman I">分類</a>)</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071224133530/http://www.sinanasaygi.com/en/eserler.asp?action=eserDetay&ID=77">苏丹苏莱曼大帝陵</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060614160210/http://paradoxplace.com/Perspectives/Genl%20Images/Single%20Frames/Suleiman.htm">苏莱曼大帝的肖像和花押</a></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box" style="margin:0.5em auto !important; font-size:95%;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FFD700; text-align:center;"><div>苏莱曼一世 (奥斯曼帝国) </div><div><b><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A7%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="奧斯曼王朝">奥斯曼王朝</a></b></div><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-size:90%; margin:2em"><b>出生于:</b>1494年11月6日</span><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-size:90%; margin:2em"><b>逝世於:</b>1566年09月5日</span> </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ACE777;">統治者頭銜 </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="background:#FABE60;" class="skin-invert"><a href="/wiki/%E9%81%9C%E5%B0%BC%E6%B4%BE" title="遜尼派">伊斯蘭教遜尼派頭銜</a> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;font-weight: bold;" rowspan="1">前任者:<br />父<a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E5%88%A9%E5%A7%86%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96" title="塞利姆一世">塞利姆一世</a> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b><a href="/wiki/%E9%84%82%E5%9C%96%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="鄂圖曼帝國">鄂圖曼帝國</a>第十代<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="奥斯曼帝国苏丹列表">素丹</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99" class="mw-redirect" title="伊斯蘭教">伊斯蘭教</a>第七十四代<a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E5%8F%91%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="哈里发列表">哈里發</a></b><br />1520年-1566年 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center; font-weight: bold;" rowspan="1">繼任者:<br />子<a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E5%88%A9%E5%A7%86%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%96" title="塞利姆二世">塞利姆二世</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84265675">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl 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title="Template talk:奧斯曼帝國蘇丹"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E5%A5%A7%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B%E8%98%87%E4%B8%B9" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:奧斯曼帝國蘇丹"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="奥斯曼帝国蘇丹" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD" title="奥斯曼帝国">奥斯曼帝国</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="奥斯曼帝国苏丹列表">蘇丹</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #B7EC90;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A7%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B%E7%9A%84%E5%B4%9B%E8%B5%B7" title="奧斯曼帝國的崛起">崛起 <small>(1299–1453)</small></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;padding: 0.25em 0; line-height: 1.4em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96" title="奥斯曼一世">奧斯曼一世</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E5%B0%94%E6%B1%97%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96" title="奥尔汗一世">奥尔汗一世</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E6%8B%89%E5%BE%B7%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96" title="穆拉德一世">穆拉德一世</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E8%80%B6%E6%B5%8E%E5%BE%B7%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96" title="巴耶济德一世">巴耶济德一世</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E7%BD%95%E9%BB%98%E5%BE%B7%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96_(%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD)" title="穆罕默德一世 (奥斯曼帝国)">穆罕默德一世</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E6%8B%89%E5%BE%B7%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%96" title="穆拉德二世">穆拉德二世</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E7%BD%95%E9%BB%98%E5%BE%B7%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%96_(%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD)" title="穆罕默德二世 (奥斯曼帝国)">穆罕默德二世</a></span></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Imperial_standard_of_the_Ottoman_Sultan.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="奥斯曼帝国苏丹旗帜"><img alt="奥斯曼帝国苏丹旗帜" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Imperial_standard_of_the_Ottoman_Sultan.svg/100px-Imperial_standard_of_the_Ottoman_Sultan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Imperial_standard_of_the_Ottoman_Sultan.svg/150px-Imperial_standard_of_the_Ottoman_Sultan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Imperial_standard_of_the_Ottoman_Sultan.svg/200px-Imperial_standard_of_the_Ottoman_Sultan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #B7EC90;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%E7%9A%84%E6%89%A9%E5%BC%A0" title="奥斯曼帝国的扩张">擴張 <small>(1453–1683)</small></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;padding: 0.25em 0; line-height: 1.4em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E8%80%B6%E6%B5%8E%E5%BE%B7%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%96" title="巴耶济德二世">巴耶济德二世</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E5%88%A9%E5%A7%86%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96" title="塞利姆一世">塞利姆一世</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a class="mw-selflink selflink">蘇萊曼一世</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E5%88%A9%E5%A7%86%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%96" title="塞利姆二世">塞利姆二世</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E6%8B%89%E5%BE%B7%E4%B8%89%E4%B8%96" title="穆拉德三世">穆拉德三世</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E7%BD%95%E9%BB%98%E5%BE%B7%E4%B8%89%E4%B8%96_(%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD)" title="穆罕默德三世 (奥斯曼帝国)">穆罕默德三世</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E8%89%BE%E5%93%88%E8%BF%88%E5%BE%B7%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96" title="艾哈迈德一世">艾哈迈德一世</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E5%A1%94%E6%B3%95%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96" title="穆斯塔法一世">穆斯塔法一世</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%96" title="奥斯曼二世">奧斯曼二世</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E6%8B%89%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%9B%E4%B8%96" title="穆拉德四世">穆拉德四世</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E6%98%93%E5%8D%9C%E6%8B%89%E6%AC%A3%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96_(%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD)" title="易卜拉欣一世 (奥斯曼帝国)">易卜拉欣一世</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E7%BD%95%E9%BB%98%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%9B%E4%B8%96_(%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD)" title="穆罕默德四世 (奥斯曼帝国)">穆罕默德四世</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #B7EC90;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A7%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B%E7%9A%84%E6%BB%AF%E6%AD%A2" title="奧斯曼帝國的滯止">滯止 <small>(1683–1827)</small></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;padding: 0.25em 0; line-height: 1.4em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E8%8E%B1%E6%9B%BC%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%96_(%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD)" title="苏莱曼二世 (奥斯曼帝国)">蘇萊曼二世</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E8%89%BE%E5%93%88%E8%BF%88%E5%BE%B7%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%96" title="艾哈迈德二世">艾哈迈德二世</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E5%A1%94%E6%B3%95%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%96" title="穆斯塔法二世">穆斯塔法二世</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E8%89%BE%E5%93%88%E8%BF%88%E5%BE%B7%E4%B8%89%E4%B8%96" title="艾哈迈德三世">艾哈迈德三世</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E5%93%88%E8%8C%82%E5%BE%B7%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96" title="马哈茂德一世">马哈茂德一世</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E4%B8%89%E4%B8%96" title="奥斯曼三世">奧斯曼三世</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E5%A1%94%E6%B3%95%E4%B8%89%E4%B8%96" title="穆斯塔法三世">穆斯塔法三世</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%8D%9C%E6%9D%9C%E5%8B%92-%E5%93%88%E7%B1%B3%E5%BE%B7%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96" title="阿卜杜勒-哈米德一世">阿卜杜勒-哈米德一世</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E5%88%A9%E5%A7%86%E4%B8%89%E4%B8%96" title="塞利姆三世">塞利姆三世</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E5%A1%94%E6%B3%95%E5%9B%9B%E4%B8%96" title="穆斯塔法四世">穆斯塔法四世</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E5%93%88%E8%8C%82%E5%BE%B7%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%96" title="馬哈茂德二世">馬哈茂德二世</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #B7EC90;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A7%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B%E7%9A%84%E8%A1%B0%E8%90%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="奧斯曼帝國的衰落">衰落 <small>(1828–1908)</small></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;padding: 0.25em 0; line-height: 1.4em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%8D%9C%E6%9D%9C%E5%8B%92-%E9%82%81%E5%90%89%E5%BE%B7%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96" title="阿卜杜勒-邁吉德一世">阿卜杜勒-邁吉德一世</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%8D%9C%E6%9D%9C%E5%8B%92-%E9%98%BF%E9%BD%8A%E8%8C%B2%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96" title="阿卜杜勒-阿齊茲一世">阿卜杜勒-阿齊茲一世</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E6%8B%89%E5%BE%B7%E4%BA%94%E4%B8%96" title="穆拉德五世">穆拉德五世</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%8D%9C%E6%9D%9C%E5%8B%92-%E5%93%88%E7%B1%B3%E5%BE%B7%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%96" title="阿卜杜勒-哈米德二世">阿卜杜勒-哈米德二世</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #B7EC90;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%84%82%E5%9C%96%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B%E7%9A%84%E5%88%86%E8%A3%82" title="鄂圖曼帝國的分裂">解體 <small>(1908–1922)</small></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;padding: 0.25em 0; line-height: 1.4em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E7%BD%95%E9%BB%98%E5%BE%B7%E4%BA%94%E4%B8%96_(%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD)" title="穆罕默德五世 (奥斯曼帝国)">穆罕默德五世</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E7%BD%95%E9%BB%98%E5%BE%B7%E5%85%AD%E4%B8%96_(%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD)" title="穆罕默德六世 (奥斯曼帝国)">穆罕默德六世</a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="哈里发" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E7%99%BC" title="Template:哈里發"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E7%99%BC" title="Template talk:哈里發"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E7%99%BC" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:哈里發"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="哈里发" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E5%8F%91" title="哈里发">哈里发</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E5%8F%91%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="哈里发列表">哈里发列表</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E7%99%BC%E5%9C%8B" title="哈里發國">哈里發國</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%A3%E7%BB%9F%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E5%8F%91%E6%97%B6%E6%9C%9F" title="正统哈里发时期">四大</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%A3%E7%BB%9F%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E5%8F%91%E6%97%B6%E6%9C%9F" title="正统哈里发时期">(正統)哈里發</a><br />(632年—661年)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%B8%83%C2%B7%E4%BC%AF%E5%85%8B%E5%B0%94" title="阿布·伯克尔">巴克爾</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A7%E9%BA%A6%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E6%9C%AC%C2%B7%E8%B5%AB%E5%A1%94%E5%8D%9C" title="欧麦尔·本·赫塔卜">歐瑪爾</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%C2%B7%E6%9C%AC%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E5%87%A1" title="奥斯曼·本·阿凡">奧斯曼</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E9%87%8C%C2%B7%E6%9C%AC%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E6%AF%94%C2%B7%E5%A1%94%E5%88%A9%E5%8D%9C" title="阿里·本·阿比·塔利卜">阿里</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A7%E7%91%AA%E4%BA%9E%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="奧瑪亞王朝">奧瑪亞</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A7%E7%91%AA%E4%BA%9E%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E7%99%BC%E5%9C%8B" title="奧瑪亞哈里發國">哈里發</a><br />(661年—750年)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E9%98%BF%E7%BB%B4%E5%8F%B6%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96" title="穆阿维叶一世">穆阿维叶一世</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E8%80%B6%E9%BD%90%E5%BE%B7%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96" title="耶齐德一世">耶齐德一世</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E9%98%BF%E7%BB%B4%E5%8F%B6%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%96" title="穆阿维叶二世">穆阿维叶二世</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E7%88%BE%E8%90%AC%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96" title="馬爾萬一世">馬爾萬一世</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%8D%9C%E6%9D%9C%E5%8B%92-%E9%A9%AC%E5%88%A9%E5%85%8B" title="阿卜杜勒-马利克">阿卜杜勒-麦立克</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A6%E7%AB%8B%E5%BE%B7%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96" title="韦立德一世">韦立德一世</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E8%90%8A%E6%9B%BC%C2%B7%E8%B3%93%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E5%8D%9C%E6%9D%9C%E5%8B%92-%E9%BA%A5%E7%AB%8B%E5%85%8B" title="蘇萊曼·賓·阿卜杜勒-麥立克">蘇萊曼</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A7%E9%BA%A6%E5%B0%94%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%96" title="欧麦尔二世">欧麦尔二世</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E8%80%B6%E9%BD%90%E5%BE%B7%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%96" title="耶齐德二世">耶齐德二世</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E6%B2%99%E5%A7%86%C2%B7%E6%9C%AC%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E5%8D%9C%E6%9D%9C%E5%8B%92-%E9%A6%AC%E5%88%A9%E5%85%8B" title="希沙姆·本·阿卜杜勒-馬利克">希沙姆</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A6%E7%AB%8B%E5%BE%B7%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%96" title="韦立德二世">韦立德二世</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E8%80%B6%E9%BD%90%E5%BE%B7%E4%B8%89%E4%B8%96" title="耶齐德三世">耶齐德三世</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E5%B8%83%E6%8B%89%E6%AC%A3%C2%B7%E8%B3%93%C2%B7%E9%9F%8B%E7%AB%8B%E5%BE%B7" title="伊布拉欣·賓·韋立德">易卜拉欣</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E7%88%BE%E8%90%AC%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%96" title="馬爾萬二世">馬爾萬二世</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%94%E6%96%AF%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="阿拔斯王朝">阿拔斯</a>/<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E6%9C%A8%E7%95%99%E5%85%8B%E8%98%87%E4%B8%B9%E5%9C%8B" title="馬木留克蘇丹國">馬木留克哈里發</a></span><br />(750年—1517年)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible expanded navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%94%E6%96%AF%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E5%8F%91" title="Template:阿拔斯王朝哈里发"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%94%E6%96%AF%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E5%8F%91&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:阿拔斯王朝哈里发(页面不存在)"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%94%E6%96%AF%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E5%8F%91" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:阿拔斯王朝哈里发"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="阿拔斯王朝哈里发" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%94%E6%96%AF%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="阿拔斯王朝">阿拔斯王朝</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E5%8F%91" title="哈里发">哈里发</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E6%A0%BC%E8%BE%BE" title="巴格达">巴格达</a>哈里发<br />(749–1258)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%96%A9%E6%B3%95%E8%B5%AB_(%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%94%E6%96%AF%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E7%99%BC)" title="薩法赫 (阿拔斯哈里發)">萨法赫</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%BC%E8%98%87%E7%88%BE_(%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%94%E6%96%AF%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E7%99%BC)" title="曼蘇爾 (阿拔斯哈里發)">曼苏尔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E8%B5%AB%E8%BF%AA_(%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%94%E6%96%AF%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E5%8F%91)" title="马赫迪 (阿拔斯哈里发)">马赫迪</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E8%BF%AA_(%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%94%E6%96%AF%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E5%8F%91)" title="哈迪 (阿拔斯哈里发)">哈迪</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E4%BC%A6%C2%B7%E6%8B%89%E5%B8%8C%E5%BE%B7" title="哈伦·拉希德">哈伦·拉希德</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%98%8E_(%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%94%E6%96%AF%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E7%99%BC)" title="阿明 (阿拔斯哈里發)">阿明</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/%E6%98%93%E5%8D%9C%E6%8B%89%E6%AC%A3%C2%B7%E4%BC%8A%E6%9C%AC%C2%B7%E9%A9%AC%E8%B5%AB%E8%BF%AA" title="易卜拉欣·伊本·马赫迪">易卜拉欣·伊本·马赫迪</a></i><sup>[B]</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E8%92%99_(%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%94%E6%96%AF%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E7%99%BC)" title="馬蒙 (阿拔斯哈里發)">马蒙</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E9%98%BF%E5%8F%B0%E7%BB%A5%E5%A7%86" title="穆阿台绥姆">穆阿台绥姆</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%93%A6%E8%A5%BF%E6%A0%BC" title="瓦西格">瓦提克</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E5%A1%94%E7%93%A6%E5%9F%BA%E5%8B%92" title="穆塔瓦基勒">穆塔瓦基勒</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%9F%E5%8F%B0%E7%BB%A5%E5%B0%94" title="孟台绥尔">蒙塔塞爾</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E5%A1%94%E5%9B%A0_(%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%94%E6%96%AF%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E7%99%BC)" title="穆斯塔因 (阿拔斯哈里發)">穆斯塔因一世</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E9%98%BF%E5%8F%B0%E8%8C%B2" title="穆阿台茲">穆阿台茲</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E8%B5%AB%E5%A1%94%E8%BF%AA" title="穆赫塔迪">穆赫塔迪</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E9%98%BF%E5%8F%B0%E7%B1%B3%E5%BE%B7" title="穆阿台米德">穆阿台米德</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E9%98%BF%E5%8F%B0%E8%BF%AA%E5%BE%B7" title="穆阿台迪德">穆阿台迪德</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E5%85%8B%E5%A1%94%E8%8F%B2" title="穆克塔菲">穆克塔菲一世</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E5%85%8B%E5%A1%94%E8%BF%AA%E7%88%BE" title="穆克塔迪爾">穆克塔迪爾一世</a></li> <li><i><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="阿卜杜拉·本·穆塔兹" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Abdallah ibn al-Mu'tazz"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E5%8D%9C%E6%9D%9C%E6%8B%89%C2%B7%E6%9C%AC%C2%B7%E7%A9%86%E5%A1%94%E5%85%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿卜杜拉·本·穆塔兹(页面不存在)">阿卜杜拉·本·穆塔兹</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdallah_ibn_al-Mu%27tazz" class="extiw" title="en:Abdallah ibn al-Mu'tazz"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Abdallah ibn al-Mu'tazz</span></a></span>)</span></span></i><sup>[B]</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E5%B8%8C%E7%88%BE_(%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E7%99%BC)" title="卡希爾 (哈里發)">卡希爾一世</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E8%BF%AA_(%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E7%99%BC)" title="拉迪 (哈里發)">拉迪一世</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E5%8F%B0%E5%9F%BA" title="穆台基">穆台基</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E5%A1%94%E5%85%8B%E8%8F%B2_(%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%94%E6%96%AF%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E7%99%BC)" title="穆斯塔克菲 (阿拔斯哈里發)">穆斯塔克菲一世</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E6%8F%90" title="穆提">穆提</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%94%E4%BC%8A" title="塔伊">塔伊一世</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E8%BF%AA%E7%88%BE" title="卡迪爾">卡迪爾一世</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E4%BC%8A%E5%A7%86_(%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%94%E6%96%AF%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E7%99%BC)" title="卡伊姆 (阿拔斯哈里發)">卡伊姆一世</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E5%85%8B%E5%A1%94%E8%BF%AA" title="穆克塔迪">穆克塔迪</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E5%A1%94%E9%BD%8A%E7%88%BE" title="穆斯塔齊爾">穆斯塔齊爾</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E5%A1%94%E7%88%BE%E5%B8%8C%E5%BE%B7" title="穆斯塔爾希德">穆斯塔爾希德</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E5%B8%8C%E5%BE%B7_(%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%94%E6%96%AF%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E7%99%BC)" title="拉希德 (阿拔斯哈里發)">拉希德二世</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E6%A0%BC%E5%8F%B0%E8%8F%B2" title="穆格台菲">穆克塔菲二世</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E5%90%89%E5%BE%B7_(%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%94%E6%96%AF%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E7%99%BC)" title="穆斯坦吉德 (阿拔斯哈里發)">穆斯坦吉德一世</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E5%A1%94%E8%BF%AA" title="穆斯塔迪">穆斯塔迪</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%8D%E8%B3%BD%E7%88%BE_(%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E7%99%BC)" title="納賽爾 (哈里發)">納賽爾</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%A5%E5%B8%8C%E7%88%BE" title="查希爾">查希爾一世</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E7%B6%8F%E7%88%BE%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96" title="穆斯坦綏爾一世">穆斯坦綏爾一世</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E5%8F%B0%E7%BB%A5%E6%9C%A8" title="穆斯台绥木">穆斯台绥木</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">被<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9C%A8%E8%B7%AF%E5%85%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="马木路克">马木路克</a>带到<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%80%E7%BD%97" title="开罗">开罗</a>的<br />阿拔斯哈里发<br />(1261–1517)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E7%B6%8F%E7%88%BE%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%96" title="穆斯坦綏爾二世">穆斯坦綏爾二世</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E5%9F%BA%E5%A7%86%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96" title="哈基姆一世">哈基姆一世</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E5%A1%94%E5%85%8B%E8%8F%B2%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96" title="穆斯塔克菲一世">穆斯塔克菲一世</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%93%A6%E6%8F%90%E5%85%8B%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96" title="瓦提克一世">瓦提克一世</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E5%9F%BA%E5%A7%86%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%96" title="哈基姆二世">哈基姆二世</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E5%A1%94%E8%BF%AA%E5%BE%B7%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96" title="穆塔迪德一世">穆塔迪德一世</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E5%A1%94%E7%93%A6%E5%9F%BA%E5%8B%92%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96" title="穆塔瓦基勒一世">穆塔瓦基勒一世</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E9%98%BF%E5%8F%B0%E7%BB%A5%E5%A7%86%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%96" title="穆阿台绥姆二世">穆阿台绥姆二世</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E5%A1%94%E7%93%A6%E5%9F%BA%E5%8B%92%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96" title="穆塔瓦基勒一世">穆塔瓦基勒一世</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%93%A6%E6%8F%90%E5%85%8B%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%96" title="瓦提克二世">瓦提克二世</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E9%98%BF%E5%8F%B0%E7%BB%A5%E5%A7%86%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%96" title="穆阿台绥姆二世">穆阿台绥姆二世</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E5%A1%94%E7%93%A6%E5%9F%BA%E5%8B%92%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96" title="穆塔瓦基勒一世">穆塔瓦基勒一世</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E5%A1%94%E5%9B%A0_(%E9%96%8B%E7%BE%85%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E7%99%BC)" title="穆斯塔因 (開羅哈里發)">穆斯塔因二世</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E5%A1%94%E8%BF%AA%E5%BE%B7%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%96" title="穆塔迪德二世">穆塔迪德二世</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E5%A1%94%E5%85%8B%E8%8F%B2%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%96" title="穆斯塔克菲二世">穆斯塔克菲二世</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E4%BC%8A%E5%A7%86_(%E9%96%8B%E7%BE%85%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E7%99%BC)" title="卡伊姆 (開羅哈里發)">卡伊姆二世</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E5%90%89%E5%BE%B7_(%E9%96%8B%E7%BE%85%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E7%99%BC)" title="穆斯坦吉德 (開羅哈里發)">穆斯坦吉德二世</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E5%A1%94%E7%93%A6%E5%9F%BA%E5%8B%92%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%96" title="穆塔瓦基勒二世">穆塔瓦基勒二世</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E5%A1%94%E5%A7%86%E8%A5%BF%E5%85%8B" title="穆斯塔姆西克">穆斯塔姆西克</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E5%A1%94%E7%93%A6%E5%9F%BA%E5%8B%92%E4%B8%89%E4%B8%96" title="穆塔瓦基勒三世">穆塔瓦基勒三世</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E5%A1%94%E5%A7%86%E8%A5%BF%E5%85%8B" title="穆斯塔姆西克">穆斯塔姆西克</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E5%A1%94%E7%93%A6%E5%9F%BA%E5%8B%92%E4%B8%89%E4%B8%96" title="穆塔瓦基勒三世">穆塔瓦基勒三世</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><sup>[B]</sup>:短暂即位的哈里发,仅得到巴格达承认</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A7%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="奧斯曼王朝">鄂圖曼</a><a href="/wiki/%E9%84%82%E5%9C%96%E6%9B%BC%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E7%99%BC%E5%9C%8B" title="鄂圖曼哈里發國">哈里發</a><br />(1517年—1924年)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E5%88%A9%E5%A7%86%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96" title="塞利姆一世">塞利姆一世</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a class="mw-selflink selflink">蘇萊曼一世</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E5%88%A9%E5%A7%86%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%96" title="塞利姆二世">塞利姆二世</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E6%8B%89%E5%BE%B7%E4%B8%89%E4%B8%96" title="穆拉德三世">穆拉德三世</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E7%BD%95%E9%BB%98%E5%BE%B7%E4%B8%89%E4%B8%96_(%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD)" title="穆罕默德三世 (奥斯曼帝国)">穆罕默德三世</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E8%89%BE%E5%93%88%E8%BF%88%E5%BE%B7%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96" title="艾哈迈德一世">艾哈迈德一世</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E5%A1%94%E6%B3%95%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96" title="穆斯塔法一世">穆斯塔法一世</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%96" title="奥斯曼二世">奥斯曼二世</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E5%A1%94%E6%B3%95%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96" title="穆斯塔法一世">穆斯塔法一世</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E6%8B%89%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%9B%E4%B8%96" title="穆拉德四世">穆拉德四世</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E6%98%93%E5%8D%9C%E6%8B%89%E6%AC%A3%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96_(%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD)" title="易卜拉欣一世 (奥斯曼帝国)">易卜拉欣</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E7%BD%95%E9%BB%98%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%9B%E4%B8%96_(%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD)" title="穆罕默德四世 (奥斯曼帝国)">穆罕默德四世</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E8%8E%B1%E6%9B%BC%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%96_(%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD)" title="苏莱曼二世 (奥斯曼帝国)">蘇萊曼二世</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E8%89%BE%E5%93%88%E8%BF%88%E5%BE%B7%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%96" title="艾哈迈德二世">艾哈迈德二世</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E5%A1%94%E6%B3%95%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%96" title="穆斯塔法二世">穆斯塔法二世</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E8%89%BE%E5%93%88%E8%BF%88%E5%BE%B7%E4%B8%89%E4%B8%96" title="艾哈迈德三世">艾哈迈德三世</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E5%93%88%E8%8C%82%E5%BE%B7%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96" title="马哈茂德一世">马哈茂德一世</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E4%B8%89%E4%B8%96" title="奥斯曼三世">奥斯曼三世</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E5%A1%94%E6%B3%95%E4%B8%89%E4%B8%96" title="穆斯塔法三世">穆斯塔法三世</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%8D%9C%E6%9D%9C%E5%8B%92-%E5%93%88%E7%B1%B3%E5%BE%B7%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96" title="阿卜杜勒-哈米德一世">阿卜杜勒-哈米德一世</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E5%88%A9%E5%A7%86%E4%B8%89%E4%B8%96" title="塞利姆三世">塞利姆三世</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E5%A1%94%E6%B3%95%E5%9B%9B%E4%B8%96" title="穆斯塔法四世">穆斯塔法四世</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E5%93%88%E8%8C%82%E5%BE%B7%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%96" title="馬哈茂德二世">馬哈茂德二世</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%8D%9C%E6%9D%9C%E5%8B%92-%E9%82%81%E5%90%89%E5%BE%B7%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96" title="阿卜杜勒-邁吉德一世">阿卜杜勒-邁吉德一世</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%8D%9C%E6%9D%9C%E5%8B%92-%E9%98%BF%E9%BD%8A%E8%8C%B2%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96" title="阿卜杜勒-阿齊茲一世">阿卜杜勒-阿齊茲</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E6%8B%89%E5%BE%B7%E4%BA%94%E4%B8%96" title="穆拉德五世">穆拉德五世</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%8D%9C%E6%9D%9C%E5%8B%92-%E5%93%88%E7%B1%B3%E5%BE%B7%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%96" title="阿卜杜勒-哈米德二世">阿卜杜勒-哈米德二世</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E7%BD%95%E9%BB%98%E5%BE%B7%E4%BA%94%E4%B8%96_(%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD)" title="穆罕默德五世 (奥斯曼帝国)">穆罕默德五世</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E7%BD%95%E9%BB%98%E5%BE%B7%E5%85%AD%E4%B8%96_(%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD)" title="穆罕默德六世 (奥斯曼帝国)">穆罕默德六世</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%8D%9C%E6%9D%9C%E5%8B%92-%E8%BF%88%E5%90%89%E5%BE%B7%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%96" title="阿卜杜勒-迈吉德二世">阿卜杜勒-迈吉德二世</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">其他哈里發</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E6%A1%91%C2%B7%E6%9C%AC%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E9%87%8C" title="哈桑·本·阿里">哈山</a>(661年)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%8D%9C%E6%9D%9C%E6%8B%89%C2%B7%E4%BC%8A%E6%9C%AC%C2%B7%E7%A5%96%E6%8B%9C%E5%B0%94" title="阿卜杜拉·伊本·祖拜尔">祖拜尔</a>(684年—692年)</li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="葉海亞·本·阿布杜拉" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Talib al-Haqq"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%91%89%E6%B5%B7%E4%BA%9E%C2%B7%E6%9C%AC%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E5%B8%83%E6%9D%9C%E6%8B%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="葉海亞·本·阿布杜拉(页面不存在)">葉海亞</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talib_al-Haqq" class="extiw" title="en:Talib al-Haqq"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Talib al-Haqq</span></a></span>)</span></span>(747年—748年)</li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E8%92%82%E7%8E%9B%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="法蒂玛王朝">法提瑪哈里發</a><br />(909年—1171年)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%8D%9C%E6%9D%9C%E6%8B%89%C2%B7%E9%A9%AC%E8%B5%AB%E8%BF%AA" title="阿卜杜拉·马赫迪">马赫迪</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E5%98%8E%E4%B9%89%E6%9C%A8_(%E6%B3%95%E8%92%82%E7%8E%9B%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E5%8F%91)" title="嘎义木 (法蒂玛哈里发)">嘎义木</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="曼蘇爾·納斯爾·阿拉" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="al-Mansur bi-Nasr Allah"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9B%BC%E8%98%87%E7%88%BE%C2%B7%E7%B4%8D%E6%96%AF%E7%88%BE%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="曼蘇爾·納斯爾·阿拉(页面不存在)">曼蘇爾</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/al-Mansur_bi-Nasr_Allah" class="extiw" title="en:al-Mansur bi-Nasr Allah"><span lang="en" dir="auto">al-Mansur bi-Nasr Allah</span></a></span>)</span></span></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E4%BB%AA%E5%85%B9_(%E6%B3%95%E8%92%82%E7%8E%9B%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E5%8F%91)" title="穆仪兹 (法蒂玛哈里发)">穆仪兹</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="阿齊茲·比拉" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Al-Aziz Billah"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E9%BD%8A%E8%8C%B2%C2%B7%E6%AF%94%E6%8B%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿齊茲·比拉(页面不存在)">阿齊茲</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Aziz_Billah" class="extiw" title="en:Al-Aziz Billah"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Al-Aziz Billah</span></a></span>)</span></span></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E5%9F%BA%E5%A7%86%C2%B7%E6%AF%94%E9%98%BF%E5%A7%86%E9%B2%81%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89" title="哈基姆·比阿姆鲁·阿拉">哈基姆</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="薩伊爾·伊薩茲·丁·阿拉" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Al-Zahir li-i'zaz Din Allah"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%96%A9%E4%BC%8A%E7%88%BE%C2%B7%E4%BC%8A%E8%96%A9%E8%8C%B2%C2%B7%E4%B8%81%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="薩伊爾·伊薩茲·丁·阿拉(页面不存在)">薩伊爾</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Zahir_li-i%27zaz_Din_Allah" class="extiw" title="en:Al-Zahir li-i'zaz Din Allah"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Al-Zahir li-i'zaz Din Allah</span></a></span>)</span></span></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E7%BB%A5%E5%B0%94_(%E6%B3%95%E8%92%82%E7%8E%9B%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D)" title="穆斯坦绥尔 (法蒂玛王朝)">穆斯坦绥尔</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E5%A1%94%E5%88%A9" title="穆斯塔利">穆斯塔利</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="阿米爾·阿卡姆·阿拉" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Al-Amir bi-Ahkam Allah"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E7%B1%B3%E7%88%BE%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E5%8D%A1%E5%A7%86%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿米爾·阿卡姆·阿拉(页面不存在)">阿米爾</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Amir_bi-Ahkam_Allah" class="extiw" title="en:Al-Amir bi-Ahkam Allah"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Al-Amir bi-Ahkam Allah</span></a></span>)</span></span></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="哈菲茲 (法提瑪哈里發)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="al-Hafiz"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%93%88%E8%8F%B2%E8%8C%B2_(%E6%B3%95%E6%8F%90%E7%91%AA%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E7%99%BC)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="哈菲茲 (法提瑪哈里發)(页面不存在)">哈菲茲</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/al-Hafiz" class="extiw" title="en:al-Hafiz"><span lang="en" dir="auto">al-Hafiz</span></a></span>)</span></span></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="薩菲爾" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="al-Zafir"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%96%A9%E8%8F%B2%E7%88%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="薩菲爾(页面不存在)">薩菲爾</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/al-Zafir" class="extiw" title="en:al-Zafir"><span lang="en" dir="auto">al-Zafir</span></a></span>)</span></span></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="法伊茲·納斯爾·阿拉" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="al-Fa'iz bi-Nasr Allah"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B3%95%E4%BC%8A%E8%8C%B2%C2%B7%E7%B4%8D%E6%96%AF%E7%88%BE%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="法伊茲·納斯爾·阿拉(页面不存在)">法伊茲</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/al-Fa%27iz_bi-Nasr_Allah" class="extiw" title="en:al-Fa'iz bi-Nasr Allah"><span lang="en" dir="auto">al-Fa'iz bi-Nasr Allah</span></a></span>)</span></span></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="阿迪德" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="al-Adid"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E8%BF%AA%E5%BE%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿迪德(页面不存在)">阿迪德</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/al-Adid" class="extiw" title="en:al-Adid"><span lang="en" dir="auto">al-Adid</span></a></span>)</span></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E5%B0%94%E5%A4%9A%E7%93%A6%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E5%8F%91%E5%9B%BD" title="科尔多瓦哈里发国">哥多華(後奧瑪亞)哈里發</a><br />(929年—1031年)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%8D%9C%E6%9D%9C%E6%8B%89%E8%B5%AB%E6%9B%BC%E4%B8%89%E4%B8%96" title="阿卜杜拉赫曼三世">阿卜杜拉赫曼三世</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="哈克木二世" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Al-Hakam II"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%93%88%E5%85%8B%E6%9C%A8%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="哈克木二世(页面不存在)">哈克木二世</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Hakam_II" class="extiw" title="en:Al-Hakam II"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Al-Hakam II</span></a></span>)</span></span></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="希沙姆二世" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Hisham II"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%8C%E6%B2%99%E5%A7%86%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="希沙姆二世(页面不存在)">希沙姆二世</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hisham_II" class="extiw" title="en:Hisham II"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Hisham II</span></a></span>)</span></span></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="穆罕默德二世 (哥多華哈里發)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Muhammad II of Córdoba"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A9%86%E7%BD%95%E9%BB%98%E5%BE%B7%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%96_(%E5%93%A5%E5%A4%9A%E8%8F%AF%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E7%99%BC)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="穆罕默德二世 (哥多華哈里發)(页面不存在)">穆罕默德二世</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_II_of_C%C3%B3rdoba" class="extiw" title="en:Muhammad II of Córdoba"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Muhammad II of Córdoba</span></a></span>)</span></span></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="蘇萊曼·本·哈克木" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Sulayman ibn al-Hakam"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%98%87%E8%90%8A%E6%9B%BC%C2%B7%E6%9C%AC%C2%B7%E5%93%88%E5%85%8B%E6%9C%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="蘇萊曼·本·哈克木(页面不存在)">蘇萊曼</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulayman_ibn_al-Hakam" class="extiw" title="en:Sulayman ibn al-Hakam"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Sulayman ibn al-Hakam</span></a></span>)</span></span></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="希沙姆二世" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Hisham II"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%8C%E6%B2%99%E5%A7%86%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="希沙姆二世(页面不存在)">希沙姆二世</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hisham_II" class="extiw" title="en:Hisham II"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Hisham II</span></a></span>)</span></span></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="蘇萊曼·本·哈克木" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Sulayman ibn al-Hakam"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%98%87%E8%90%8A%E6%9B%BC%C2%B7%E6%9C%AC%C2%B7%E5%93%88%E5%85%8B%E6%9C%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="蘇萊曼·本·哈克木(页面不存在)">蘇萊曼</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulayman_ibn_al-Hakam" class="extiw" title="en:Sulayman ibn al-Hakam"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Sulayman ibn al-Hakam</span></a></span>)</span></span></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="阿布杜拉赫曼四世" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Abd ar-Rahman IV"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E5%B8%83%E6%9D%9C%E6%8B%89%E8%B5%AB%E6%9B%BC%E5%9B%9B%E4%B8%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿布杜拉赫曼四世(页面不存在)">阿布杜拉赫曼四世</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abd_ar-Rahman_IV" class="extiw" title="en:Abd ar-Rahman IV"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Abd ar-Rahman IV</span></a></span>)</span></span></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="阿布杜拉赫曼五世" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Abd ar-Rahman V"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E5%B8%83%E6%9D%9C%E6%8B%89%E8%B5%AB%E6%9B%BC%E4%BA%94%E4%B8%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿布杜拉赫曼五世(页面不存在)">阿布杜拉赫曼五世</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abd_ar-Rahman_V" class="extiw" title="en:Abd ar-Rahman V"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Abd ar-Rahman V</span></a></span>)</span></span></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="穆罕默德三世 (哥多華哈里發)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Muhammad III of Córdoba"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A9%86%E7%BD%95%E9%BB%98%E5%BE%B7%E4%B8%89%E4%B8%96_(%E5%93%A5%E5%A4%9A%E8%8F%AF%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E7%99%BC)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="穆罕默德三世 (哥多華哈里發)(页面不存在)">穆罕默德三世</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_III_of_C%C3%B3rdoba" class="extiw" title="en:Muhammad III of Córdoba"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Muhammad III of Córdoba</span></a></span>)</span></span></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="希沙姆三世" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Hisham III of Córdoba"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%8C%E6%B2%99%E5%A7%86%E4%B8%89%E4%B8%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="希沙姆三世(页面不存在)">希沙姆三世</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hisham_III_of_C%C3%B3rdoba" class="extiw" title="en:Hisham III of Córdoba"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Hisham III of Córdoba</span></a></span>)</span></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E7%93%A6%E5%B8%8C%E5%BE%B7%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="穆瓦希德王朝">穆瓦希德哈里發</a><br />(1145年—1269年)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%8D%9C%E6%9D%9C%E5%8B%92%C2%B7%E6%85%95%E6%95%8F" title="阿卜杜勒·慕敏">慕敏</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%B8%83%C2%B7%E9%9B%85%E5%90%84%E5%B8%83%C2%B7%E4%BC%98%E7%B4%A0%E7%A6%8F" title="阿布·雅各布·优素福">優素福一世</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%B8%83%C2%B7%E4%BC%98%E7%B4%A0%E7%A6%8F%C2%B7%E9%9B%85%E5%90%84%E5%B8%83%C2%B7%E6%9B%BC%E8%8B%8F%E5%B0%94" title="阿布·优素福·雅各布·曼苏尔">曼蘇爾</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E7%BD%95%E9%BB%98%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E7%BA%B3%E8%A5%BF%E5%B0%94" title="穆罕默德·纳西尔">纳西尔</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%98%E7%B4%A0%E7%A6%8F%C2%B7%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E8%A5%BF%E5%B0%94" title="优素福·穆斯坦西尔">優素福二世</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%8D%9C%E6%9D%9C%E5%8B%92-%E7%93%A6%E5%B8%8C%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E9%A9%AC%E8%B5%AB%E5%8D%A2" title="阿卜杜勒-瓦希德·马赫卢">阿布杜拉瓦希德一世</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%8D%9C%E6%9D%9C%E6%8B%89%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E8%BF%AA%E5%8B%92" title="阿卜杜拉·阿迪勒">阿迪勒</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B6%E6%B5%B7%E4%BA%9A%C2%B7%E7%A9%86%E5%A1%94%E8%A5%BF%E5%A7%86" title="叶海亚·穆塔西姆">葉海亞</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E5%BE%B7%E9%87%8C%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E9%A9%AC%E8%92%99" title="伊德里斯·马蒙">伊德里斯一世</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%8D%9C%E6%9D%9C%E5%8B%92-%E7%93%A6%E5%B8%8C%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E6%8B%89%E5%B8%8C%E5%BE%B7" title="阿卜杜勒-瓦希德·拉希德">阿布杜拉瓦希德二世</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%B8%83%C2%B7%E5%93%88%E6%A1%91%C2%B7%E8%B5%9B%E4%B9%89%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E7%A9%86%E5%A1%94%E8%BF%AA%E5%BE%B7" title="阿布·哈桑·赛义德·穆塔迪德">阿里</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%B8%83%C2%B7%E5%93%88%E5%A4%AB%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E5%A5%A5%E9%A9%AC%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E7%A9%86%E5%B0%94%E5%A1%94%E8%BE%BE" title="阿布·哈夫斯·奥马尔·穆尔塔达">歐瑪爾</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E5%BE%B7%E9%87%8C%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E7%93%A6%E8%A5%BF%E6%A0%BC" title="伊德里斯·瓦西格">伊德里斯二世</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="謝里夫哈里發國" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Sharifian Caliphate"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%AC%9D%E9%87%8C%E5%A4%AB%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E7%99%BC%E5%9C%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="謝里夫哈里發國(页面不存在)">謝里夫哈里發</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sharifian_Caliphate" class="extiw" title="en:Sharifian Caliphate"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Sharifian Caliphate</span></a></span>)</span></span><br />(1924年—1925年)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BE%AF%E8%B5%9B%E5%9B%A0%C2%B7%E6%9C%AC%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E9%87%8C" title="侯赛因·本·阿里">海珊</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E5%9B%BD" title="伊斯兰国">伊斯蘭國哈里發</a><br />(2014年—)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%B8%83%C2%B7%E8%B4%9D%E5%85%8B%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E5%B7%B4%E6%A0%BC%E8%BE%BE%E8%BF%AA" title="阿布·贝克尔·巴格达迪">巴格達迪</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%B8%83%C2%B7%E6%98%93%E5%8D%9C%E6%8B%89%E6%AC%A3%C2%B7%E5%93%88%E5%B8%8C%E7%B1%B3%C2%B7%E5%BA%93%E9%9B%B7%E5%B8%8C" title="阿布·易卜拉欣·哈希米·库雷希">易卜拉欣</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%B8%83%C2%B7%E5%93%88%E6%A1%91%C2%B7%E5%93%88%E5%B8%8C%E7%B1%B3%C2%B7%E5%BA%93%E6%8B%89%E5%B8%8C" title="阿布·哈桑·哈希米·库拉希">哈山</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%B8%83%C2%B7%E4%BE%AF%E8%B5%9B%E5%9B%A0%C2%B7%E4%BE%AF%E8%B5%9B%E5%B0%BC%C2%B7%E5%BA%93%E6%8B%89%E5%B8%8C" title="阿布·侯赛因·侯赛尼·库拉希">海珊</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="阿布·哈夫斯·哈希米·库拉希" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Abu Hafs al-Hashimi al-Qurashi"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%B8%83%C2%B7%E5%93%88%E5%A4%AB%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E5%93%88%E5%B8%8C%E7%B1%B3%C2%B7%E5%BA%AB%E6%8B%89%E5%B8%8C" title="阿布·哈夫斯·哈希米·庫拉希">哈夫斯</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abu_Hafs_al-Hashimi_al-Qurashi" class="extiw" title="en:Abu Hafs al-Hashimi al-Qurashi"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Abu Hafs al-Hashimi al-Qurashi</span></a></span>)</span></span></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="-&#123;zh-cn:规范控制;zh-tw:權威控制;&#125;--&#123;zh-cn:数据库;zh-tw:資料庫&#125;-_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=編輯維基數據鏈接&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8474#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;編輯維基數據鏈接" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="-&#123;zh-cn:规范控制;zh-tw:權威控制;&#125;--&#123;zh-cn:数据库;zh-tw:資料庫&#125;-_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=編輯維基數據鏈接&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8474#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;編輯維基數據鏈接" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/Help:%E8%A7%84%E8%8C%83%E6%8E%A7%E5%88%B6" title="Help:规范控制">规范控制数据库</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8474#identifiers" title="編輯維基數據鏈接"><img alt="編輯維基數據鏈接" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">国际</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1849701/">FAST</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000121029740">ISNI</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/89743257">VIAF</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJqQBJ6bFHmmk44xBVBwYP">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">各地</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90637676">挪威</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bncatalogo.cl/F?func=direct&local_base=red10&doc_number=000066733">智利</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX1220527">西班牙</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12033237p">法国</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12033237p">BnF data</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/118619993">德国</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007268511805171">以色列</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n80056904">美国</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/rp352qq93tb53q0">瑞典</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000202221&P_CON_LNG=ENG">拉脱维亚</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00621531">日本</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=jn20011018975&CON_LNG=ENG">捷克</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35812390">澳大利亚</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p070878811">荷兰</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810614068105606">波兰</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=8034&url_prefix=https://opac.vatlib.it/auth/detail/&id=495/51270">梵蒂冈</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">艺术家</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=&role=&nation=&subjectid=500126202">艺术家联合名录</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">人物</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd118619993.html?language=en">德意志传记</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/1098912">Trove</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">其他</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/028510798">IdRef</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/suleyman-i">伊斯兰百科全书</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐5dc468848‐rvdst Cached time: 20241124153902 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 1.626 seconds Real time usage: 1.991 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 17656/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 334311/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 23427/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 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</div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-6b7f745dd4-rr7dr","wgBackendResponseTime":288,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"1.626","walltime":"1.991","ppvisitednodes":{"value":17656,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":334311,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":23427,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":31,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":77,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":73832,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 1608.639 1 -total"," 16.00% 257.404 2 Template:Infobox"," 14.89% 239.575 1 Template:Infobox_royalty"," 13.46% 216.565 26 Template:Lang"," 12.51% 201.197 26 Template:Category_handler"," 11.71% 188.434 1 Template:Reflist"," 9.98% 160.558 3 Template:Navbox"," 8.72% 140.311 2 Template:Lang-ota"," 8.45% 135.967 7 Template:NoteTag"," 7.02% 112.848 26 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[\"CITEREFRISU2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRussell2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSara_Toth_Stub2018\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSaudi_Aramco_World_editors1964\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSevery1987\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSicker2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFThe_Encyclopedia_of_World_History2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFThe_Guardian2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFThe_Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art1968\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTurnbull2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTürkçe_Bilgi\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFUNESCO\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWomen_in_World_History_Curriculum_Showcase\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFYapp2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFZAMAN_DIŞ_HABERLER2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFÁgoston1991\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFÜnal1961\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREF辞海1999\"] = 1,\n}\ntemplate_list = table#1 {\n [\"Age in years and days\"] = 1,\n [\"Authority control\"] = 1,\n [\"Bd\"] = 1,\n [\"Birth date\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite book\"] = 20,\n [\"Cite encyclopedia\"] = 2,\n [\"Cite journal\"] = 7,\n [\"Cite news\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite web\"] = 11,\n [\"Clear\"] = 1,\n [\"Commons+cat\"] = 1,\n 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