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overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; -webkit-line-clamp: 3; -webkit-box-orient: vertical; }</style><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><div class="u-floatLeft"><h1 class="PageHeader-title u-m0x u-fs30">Intellectual Property Law</h1><div class="u-tcGrayDark">57,608 Followers</div><div class="u-tcGrayDark u-mt2x">Recent papers in <b>Intellectual Property Law</b></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="TabbedNavigation"><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><ul class="nav u-m0x u-p0x list-inline u-displayFlex"><li class="active"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Law">Top Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Law/MostCited">Most Cited Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Law/MostDownloaded">Most Downloaded Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Law/MostRecent">Newest Papers</a></li><li><a class="" href="https://www.academia.edu/People/Intellectual_Property_Law">People</a></li></ul></div><style type="text/css">ul.nav{flex-direction:row}@media(max-width: 567px){ul.nav{flex-direction:column}.TabbedNavigation li{max-width:100%}.TabbedNavigation li.active{background-color:var(--background-grey, #dddde2)}.TabbedNavigation li.active:before,.TabbedNavigation li.active:after{display:none}}</style></div></div></div><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12"><div class="u-displayFlex"><div class="u-flexGrow1"><div class="works"><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_38435745" data-work_id="38435745" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/38435745/History_of_Copyright_A_Chronology_in_Relation_to_Music_Music_Business_Journal_2001_ONLINE_">'History of Copyright: A Chronology in Relation to Music', Music Business Journal (2001) [ONLINE].</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">History of copyright: a chronology in relation to music [1455-2001] (later updated to 2006, then to 2015), and as applicable in Britain, unless otherwise stated. First published in Music Business Journal (Ligo Publishing Ltd.) in 2001.... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_38435745" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">History of copyright: a chronology in relation to music [1455-2001] (later updated to 2006, then to 2015), and as applicable in Britain, unless otherwise stated.<br /><br />First published in Music Business Journal (Ligo Publishing Ltd.) in 2001. Republished, in updated form, in the Musicians' and Songwriters' Yearbook 2008 (London: A&C Black, 31st July 2007), 339-345.<br /><br />KEYWORDS: Copyright, History of Copyright, Copyright Law, Intellectual Property Law, Music Copyright, Copyright in Music, Music and Copyright, "Jonathan David Little"</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/38435745" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="c67b18e1433e4325e86150dc9159ee4d" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":58496889,"asset_id":38435745,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/58496889/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0OTA1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="22236601" href="https://chi.academia.edu/JonathanLittle">Jonathan David Little</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="22236601" type="text/json">{"id":22236601,"first_name":"Jonathan David","last_name":"Little","domain_name":"chi","page_name":"JonathanLittle","display_name":"Jonathan David Little","profile_url":"https://chi.academia.edu/JonathanLittle?f_ri=13151","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/22236601/17855494/17871465/s65_jonathan.little.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_38435745 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="38435745"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 38435745, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_38435745", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=38435745]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_38435745").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_38435745").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="38435745"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">11</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4631" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Copyright_History">Copyright History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4631" type="text/json">{"id":4631,"name":"Copyright History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Copyright_History?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7685" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Copyright">Copyright</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7685" type="text/json">{"id":7685,"name":"Copyright","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Copyright?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="13151" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Law">Intellectual Property Law</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="13151" type="text/json">{"id":13151,"name":"Intellectual Property Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="44047" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Copyright_and_intellectual_property">Copyright and intellectual property</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="44047" type="text/json">{"id":44047,"name":"Copyright and intellectual property","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Copyright_and_intellectual_property?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=38435745]'), work: {"id":38435745,"title":"'History of Copyright: A Chronology in Relation to Music', Music Business Journal (2001) [ONLINE].","created_at":"2019-02-25T09:28:12.459-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/38435745/History_of_Copyright_A_Chronology_in_Relation_to_Music_Music_Business_Journal_2001_ONLINE_?f_ri=13151","dom_id":"work_38435745","summary":"History of copyright: a chronology in relation to music [1455-2001] (later updated to 2006, then to 2015), and as applicable in Britain, unless otherwise stated.\n\nFirst published in Music Business Journal (Ligo Publishing Ltd.) in 2001. Republished, in updated form, in the Musicians' and Songwriters' Yearbook 2008 (London: A\u0026C Black, 31st July 2007), 339-345.\n\nKEYWORDS: Copyright, History of Copyright, Copyright Law, Intellectual Property Law, Music Copyright, Copyright in Music, Music and Copyright, \"Jonathan David Little\"","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":58496889,"asset_id":38435745,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":22236601,"first_name":"Jonathan David","last_name":"Little","domain_name":"chi","page_name":"JonathanLittle","display_name":"Jonathan David Little","profile_url":"https://chi.academia.edu/JonathanLittle?f_ri=13151","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/22236601/17855494/17871465/s65_jonathan.little.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":4631,"name":"Copyright History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Copyright_History?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":7685,"name":"Copyright","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Copyright?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":13151,"name":"Intellectual Property Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":44047,"name":"Copyright and intellectual property","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Copyright_and_intellectual_property?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":90776,"name":"Copyright Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Copyright_Law?f_ri=13151"},{"id":216154,"name":"Music Copyright Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Music_Copyright_Law?f_ri=13151"},{"id":443105,"name":"History of musical copyright","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_musical_copyright?f_ri=13151"},{"id":502655,"name":"Business of Music","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Business_of_Music?f_ri=13151"},{"id":600036,"name":"Music and Copyright","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Music_and_Copyright?f_ri=13151"},{"id":889577,"name":"Music Business History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Music_Business_History?f_ri=13151"},{"id":3149857,"name":"Music Copyright","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Music_Copyright?f_ri=13151"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_4799209" data-work_id="4799209" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/4799209/Globalization_Liberalism_and_Western_Concepts_of_Intellectual_Property_Law_A_Need_of_Protection_of_the_Rights_of_Indigenous_People_and_the_Cultural_Diversity_in_Contemporary_World">Globalization, Liberalism and Western Concepts of Intellectual Property Law : A Need of Protection of the Rights of Indigenous People and the Cultural Diversity in Contemporary World</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">"The increasing sensibility regarding intangible cultural heritage provides momentum to better define a legal framework for the protection of these peculiar immaterial goods. This article questions whether the current intellectual... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_4799209" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">"The increasing sensibility regarding intangible cultural heritage provides momentum to better define a legal framework for the protection of these peculiar immaterial goods. This article questions whether the current intellectual property rights (IPRs) regime represents an adequate model of protection vis-à-vis intangible cultural heritage. A plethora of caveats must be taken into consideration, starting with the desirability of the commodification of intangible cultural heritage, i.e. its exploitation and commercialization through the IPRs regime, but also including the outlining of the legal instruments needed for guaranteeing adequate advantages for the countries and communities representing the sources of origin of the intangible goods.  <br />After framing the crucial issues detected in literature regarding intangible cultural heritage, the article investigates the ways in which the actual IPRs regime grants protection to intangible goods. Our evaluation supports the idea that, without a many-faceted remodeling, current intellectual property laws represent an unsatisfactory mechanism for protecting intangible cultural heritage. This inadequacy is rooted in the inefficacy of IPRs under the patent and copyright regimes in ensuring the protection of cultural heritage, while also falling short of fostering an appropriate comprehensive social policy."</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/4799209" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="cec5effeca98d78dfc9251de4ee86140" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":32098233,"asset_id":4799209,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/32098233/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0OTA1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="6021545" href="https://wvu.academia.edu/PaoloDavideFarah">Paolo Davide Farah</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="6021545" type="text/json">{"id":6021545,"first_name":"Paolo Davide","last_name":"Farah","domain_name":"wvu","page_name":"PaoloDavideFarah","display_name":"Paolo Davide Farah","profile_url":"https://wvu.academia.edu/PaoloDavideFarah?f_ri=13151","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/6021545/2596226/3016412/s65_paolo_davide.farah.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_4799209 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="4799209"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 4799209, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_4799209", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=4799209]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_4799209").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_4799209").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="4799209"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">20</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="540" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Law">Islamic Law</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="540" type="text/json">{"id":540,"name":"Islamic Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="926" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Indigenous_Studies">Indigenous Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="926" type="text/json">{"id":926,"name":"Indigenous Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Indigenous_Studies?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="967" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property">Intellectual Property</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="967" type="text/json">{"id":967,"name":"Intellectual Property","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1439" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Globalization">Globalization</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1439" type="text/json">{"id":1439,"name":"Globalization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Globalization?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=4799209]'), work: {"id":4799209,"title":"Globalization, Liberalism and Western Concepts of Intellectual Property Law : A Need of Protection of the Rights of Indigenous People and the Cultural Diversity in Contemporary World","created_at":"2013-10-17T04:23:50.762-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/4799209/Globalization_Liberalism_and_Western_Concepts_of_Intellectual_Property_Law_A_Need_of_Protection_of_the_Rights_of_Indigenous_People_and_the_Cultural_Diversity_in_Contemporary_World?f_ri=13151","dom_id":"work_4799209","summary":"\"The increasing sensibility regarding intangible cultural heritage provides momentum to better define a legal framework for the protection of these peculiar immaterial goods. This article questions whether the current intellectual property rights (IPRs) regime represents an adequate model of protection vis-à-vis intangible cultural heritage. A plethora of caveats must be taken into consideration, starting with the desirability of the commodification of intangible cultural heritage, i.e. its exploitation and commercialization through the IPRs regime, but also including the outlining of the legal instruments needed for guaranteeing adequate advantages for the countries and communities representing the sources of origin of the intangible goods. \r\nAfter framing the crucial issues detected in literature regarding intangible cultural heritage, the article investigates the ways in which the actual IPRs regime grants protection to intangible goods. Our evaluation supports the idea that, without a many-faceted remodeling, current intellectual property laws represent an unsatisfactory mechanism for protecting intangible cultural heritage. This inadequacy is rooted in the inefficacy of IPRs under the patent and copyright regimes in ensuring the protection of cultural heritage, while also falling short of fostering an appropriate comprehensive social policy.\"","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":32098233,"asset_id":4799209,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":6021545,"first_name":"Paolo Davide","last_name":"Farah","domain_name":"wvu","page_name":"PaoloDavideFarah","display_name":"Paolo Davide Farah","profile_url":"https://wvu.academia.edu/PaoloDavideFarah?f_ri=13151","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/6021545/2596226/3016412/s65_paolo_davide.farah.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":540,"name":"Islamic Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":926,"name":"Indigenous Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Indigenous_Studies?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":967,"name":"Intellectual Property","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":1439,"name":"Globalization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Globalization?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":2095,"name":"Corporate Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Corporate_Law?f_ri=13151"},{"id":2575,"name":"International Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Law?f_ri=13151"},{"id":4568,"name":"Liberalism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Liberalism?f_ri=13151"},{"id":8331,"name":"Indigenous Knowledge","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Indigenous_Knowledge?f_ri=13151"},{"id":12108,"name":"China","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/China?f_ri=13151"},{"id":12281,"name":"Business Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Business_Law?f_ri=13151"},{"id":13151,"name":"Intellectual Property Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Law?f_ri=13151"},{"id":19287,"name":"International trade law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_trade_law?f_ri=13151"},{"id":21479,"name":"Cultural Diversity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Diversity?f_ri=13151"},{"id":22464,"name":"Intellectual Property Rights","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Rights?f_ri=13151"},{"id":128406,"name":"Traditional Knowledge and Intellectual Property Rights","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Traditional_Knowledge_and_Intellectual_Property_Rights?f_ri=13151"},{"id":175320,"name":"Indegenous People","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Indegenous_People?f_ri=13151"},{"id":476367,"name":"Preferential Trade Agreements","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Preferential_Trade_Agreements?f_ri=13151"},{"id":1223672,"name":"WTO/GATT","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/WTO_GATT?f_ri=13151"},{"id":1223673,"name":"Arab countries' integration into the global trading system","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arab_countries_integration_into_the_global_trading_system?f_ri=13151"},{"id":1223674,"name":"Finance and banking law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Finance_and_banking_law?f_ri=13151"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_17492292" data-work_id="17492292" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/17492292/Personality_Based_Rule_Utilitarian_and_Lockean_Justifications_of_Intellectual_Property">Personality-Based, Rule-Utilitarian, and Lockean Justifications of Intellectual Property</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">In this article, I will present and examine personality-based, rule-utilitarian, and Lockean justifications for intellectual property. Care is needed so that we do not confuse moral claims with legal ones. The brief sketch of... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_17492292" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In this article, I will present and examine personality-based, rule-utilitarian, and Lockean justifications for intellectual property. Care is needed so that we do not confuse moral claims with legal ones. The brief sketch of Anglo-American and Continental systems of intellectual property below, focuses on legal conceptions and rights while the arguments that follow—personality based, utilitarian, and Lockean— are essentially moral. I will argue that there are justified moral claims to intellectual works—claims that are strong enough to warrant legal protection.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/17492292" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="2d4d3688bb5422f506efba0750084419" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":39539973,"asset_id":17492292,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39539973/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0OTA1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="201847" href="https://washington.academia.edu/AdamMoore">Adam Moore</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="201847" type="text/json">{"id":201847,"first_name":"Adam","last_name":"Moore","domain_name":"washington","page_name":"AdamMoore","display_name":"Adam Moore","profile_url":"https://washington.academia.edu/AdamMoore?f_ri=13151","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/201847/38932020/32396894/s65_adam.moore.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_17492292 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="17492292"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 17492292, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_17492292", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=17492292]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_17492292").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_17492292").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="17492292"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="967" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property">Intellectual Property</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="967" type="text/json">{"id":967,"name":"Intellectual Property","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="13151" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Law">Intellectual Property Law</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="13151" type="text/json">{"id":13151,"name":"Intellectual Property Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="22464" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Rights">Intellectual Property Rights</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="22464" type="text/json">{"id":22464,"name":"Intellectual Property Rights","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Rights?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="44047" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Copyright_and_intellectual_property">Copyright and intellectual property</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="44047" type="text/json">{"id":44047,"name":"Copyright and intellectual property","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Copyright_and_intellectual_property?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=17492292]'), work: {"id":17492292,"title":"Personality-Based, Rule-Utilitarian, and Lockean Justifications of Intellectual Property","created_at":"2015-10-29T19:17:36.998-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/17492292/Personality_Based_Rule_Utilitarian_and_Lockean_Justifications_of_Intellectual_Property?f_ri=13151","dom_id":"work_17492292","summary":"In this article, I will present and examine personality-based, rule-utilitarian, and Lockean justifications for intellectual property. Care is needed so that we do not confuse moral claims with legal ones. The brief sketch of Anglo-American and Continental systems of intellectual property below, focuses on legal conceptions and rights while the arguments that follow—personality based, utilitarian, and Lockean— are essentially moral. I will argue that there are justified moral claims to intellectual works—claims that are strong enough to warrant legal protection.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":39539973,"asset_id":17492292,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":201847,"first_name":"Adam","last_name":"Moore","domain_name":"washington","page_name":"AdamMoore","display_name":"Adam Moore","profile_url":"https://washington.academia.edu/AdamMoore?f_ri=13151","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/201847/38932020/32396894/s65_adam.moore.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":967,"name":"Intellectual Property","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":13151,"name":"Intellectual Property Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":22464,"name":"Intellectual Property Rights","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Rights?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":44047,"name":"Copyright and intellectual property","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Copyright_and_intellectual_property?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":128406,"name":"Traditional Knowledge and Intellectual Property Rights","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Traditional_Knowledge_and_Intellectual_Property_Rights?f_ri=13151"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_3723733 coauthored" data-work_id="3723733" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/3723733/A_PROTE%C3%87%C3%83O_DE_PLANTAS_PELO_DIREITO_DE_PROPRIEDADE_INTELECTUAL_NO_BRASIL_ESTADOS_UNIDOS_E_EUROPA">A PROTEÇÃO DE PLANTAS PELO DIREITO DE PROPRIEDADE INTELECTUAL NO BRASIL, ESTADOS UNIDOS E EUROPA</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/3723733" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="d66dcb070db1f001110743af9f61bcde" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":31978893,"asset_id":3723733,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31978893/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0OTA1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="43069459" href="https://filmow.academia.edu/FZ">Fabíola W Zibetti</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="43069459" type="text/json">{"id":43069459,"first_name":"Fabíola","last_name":"Zibetti","domain_name":"filmow","page_name":"FZ","display_name":"Fabíola W Zibetti","profile_url":"https://filmow.academia.edu/FZ?f_ri=13151","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/43069459/11968005/13335318/s65_f..z.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-3723733">+2</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-3723733"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://ufrgs.academia.edu/KellyBruch">Kelly Bruch</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://uchile.academia.edu/FabiolaZibetti">Fabiola W Zibetti</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-3723733'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-3723733').html(); 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container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_3723733 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="3723733"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3723733; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=3723733]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_3723733").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_3723733").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="3723733"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="967" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property">Intellectual Property</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="967" type="text/json">{"id":967,"name":"Intellectual Property","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2274" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Agribusiness">Agribusiness</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2274" type="text/json">{"id":2274,"name":"Agribusiness","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Agribusiness?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="13151" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Law">Intellectual Property Law</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="13151" type="text/json">{"id":13151,"name":"Intellectual Property Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=3723733]'), work: {"id":3723733,"title":"A PROTEÇÃO DE PLANTAS PELO DIREITO DE PROPRIEDADE INTELECTUAL NO BRASIL, ESTADOS UNIDOS E EUROPA","created_at":"2013-06-16T08:14:25.348-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/3723733/A_PROTE%C3%87%C3%83O_DE_PLANTAS_PELO_DIREITO_DE_PROPRIEDADE_INTELECTUAL_NO_BRASIL_ESTADOS_UNIDOS_E_EUROPA?f_ri=13151","dom_id":"work_3723733","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":31978893,"asset_id":3723733,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":43069459,"first_name":"Fabíola","last_name":"Zibetti","domain_name":"filmow","page_name":"FZ","display_name":"Fabíola W Zibetti","profile_url":"https://filmow.academia.edu/FZ?f_ri=13151","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/43069459/11968005/13335318/s65_f..z.jpg"},{"id":4558613,"first_name":"Kelly","last_name":"Bruch","domain_name":"ufrgs","page_name":"KellyBruch","display_name":"Kelly Bruch","profile_url":"https://ufrgs.academia.edu/KellyBruch?f_ri=13151","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4558613/1890833/8129365/s65_kelly.bruch.jpg"},{"id":119243487,"first_name":"Fabiola","last_name":"Zibetti","domain_name":"uchile","page_name":"FabiolaZibetti","display_name":"Fabiola W Zibetti","profile_url":"https://uchile.academia.edu/FabiolaZibetti?f_ri=13151","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/119243487/71680718/60130267/s65_fabiola.wust.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":967,"name":"Intellectual Property","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":2274,"name":"Agribusiness","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Agribusiness?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":13151,"name":"Intellectual Property Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_7955606" data-work_id="7955606" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/7955606/The_registration_of_colors_as_trade_marks_according_to_the_UK_EU_and_international_system">The registration of colors as trade marks according to the UK, EU and international system.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The trade mark is often the first thing that a consumer would notice when getting in touch with a new brand and usually the last thing that will forget about an old one. The trade mark’s unique feature to distinguish between different... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_7955606" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The trade mark is often the first thing that a consumer would notice when getting in touch with a new brand and usually the last thing that will forget about an old one. The trade mark’s unique feature to distinguish between different products and services has an enormous social and economic value which is further strengthened by today’s ever raising global consumerism. Trade marks enable people to attach particular associations to particular brands like, among many other things - quality, origin and publicity.1 All these important trade mark’s features inevitably lead to aggressive practices of corporations to win and secure bigger shares of the market and to promote their products more successively.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/7955606" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="cd7e98ea686e7ddd8967511cf7cad5ce" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":34429099,"asset_id":7955606,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/34429099/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0OTA1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="3728417" href="https://rgu.academia.edu/DimitarTerziyski">Dimitar Terziyski</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="3728417" type="text/json">{"id":3728417,"first_name":"Dimitar","last_name":"Terziyski","domain_name":"rgu","page_name":"DimitarTerziyski","display_name":"Dimitar Terziyski","profile_url":"https://rgu.academia.edu/DimitarTerziyski?f_ri=13151","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3728417/1336850/9857497/s65_dimitar.terziyski.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_7955606 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="7955606"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 7955606, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_7955606", }); 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href="https://www.academia.edu/62691448/ANTITRUST_E_PROPRIET%C3%80_INTELLETTUALE_NEL_MERCATO_FARMACEUTICO_BREVE_STORIA_DI_WINNER_E_LOSERS_E_DI_UN_UNDERDOG_">ANTITRUST E PROPRIETÀ INTELLETTUALE NEL MERCATO FARMACEUTICO: BREVE STORIA DI WINNER E LOSERS (E DI UN UNDERDOG)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/62691448" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="d7dfe913a0f5e66869a0f2996e62457e" rel="nofollow" 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type="text/json">{"id":2710,"name":"Antitrust (Law)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Antitrust_Law_?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="13151" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Law">Intellectual Property Law</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="13151" type="text/json">{"id":13151,"name":"Intellectual Property Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="22464" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Rights">Intellectual Property Rights</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="22464" type="text/json">{"id":22464,"name":"Intellectual Property Rights","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Rights?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ 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Intellettuale","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Proprieta_Intellettuale?f_ri=13151"},{"id":284527,"name":"Pharmaceutical Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pharmaceutical_Law?f_ri=13151"},{"id":296735,"name":"Antitrust","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Antitrust?f_ri=13151"},{"id":298344,"name":"Antitrust \u0026 Competition Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Antitrust_and_Competition_Law?f_ri=13151"},{"id":467509,"name":"Antitrust, Competition, Eu Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Antitrust_Competition_Eu_Law?f_ri=13151"},{"id":1001969,"name":"Pharmaceuticals and the Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pharmaceuticals_and_the_Law?f_ri=13151"},{"id":1031549,"name":"Healthcare Policy and Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Healthcare_Policy_and_Law?f_ri=13151"},{"id":1198288,"name":"Proprietà 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français","created_at":"2013-05-15T00:06:24.375-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/3537456/La_reconnaissance_et_la_protection_des_savoirs_traditionnels_dans_loutre_mer_fran%C3%A7ais?f_ri=13151","dom_id":"work_3537456","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":31260130,"asset_id":3537456,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1966439,"first_name":"Thomas","last_name":"BURELLI","domain_name":"uottawa","page_name":"ThomasBURELLI","display_name":"Thomas BURELLI","profile_url":"https://uottawa.academia.edu/ThomasBURELLI?f_ri=13151","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1966439/1649302/15922482/s65_thomas.burelli.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":926,"name":"Indigenous Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Indigenous_Studies?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":2575,"name":"International Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":8331,"name":"Indigenous Knowledge","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Indigenous_Knowledge?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":13151,"name":"Intellectual Property Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":19018,"name":"New Caledonia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_Caledonia?f_ri=13151"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_44000898" data-work_id="44000898" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/44000898/INTELLECTUAL_PROPERTY_AND_ARTIFICIAL_INTELLIGENCE_THE_CONFLICTING_ISSUES_OF_CREATIVE_OWNERSHIP">INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY AND ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE: THE CONFLICTING ISSUES OF CREATIVE OWNERSHIP</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The 21st century has seen the emergence of technological innovations that render the erstwhile Intellectual Property (IP) systems seemingly inept in protecting and regulating intellectual property rights. Artificial Intelligence (AI) has... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_44000898" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The 21st century has seen the emergence of technological innovations that render the erstwhile Intellectual<br />Property (IP) systems seemingly inept in protecting and regulating intellectual property rights. Artificial Intelligence (AI) has established itself as a frontier of innovation with over a $250 million market opportunity. With the advent of the AI, the lines of creative ownership rights attributed to the creators of intellectual works are blurred, due to the essential nature of the technology itself. The question of who then<br />is attributed authorship of the work produced by AI arise</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/44000898" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="265074307821e434b987b6d3dc141919" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":64333470,"asset_id":44000898,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/64333470/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0OTA1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="79073860" href="https://independent.academia.edu/TammyKoroye">Tammy Koroye</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="79073860" type="text/json">{"id":79073860,"first_name":"Tammy","last_name":"Koroye","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"TammyKoroye","display_name":"Tammy Koroye","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/TammyKoroye?f_ri=13151","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/79073860/22433894/21638506/s65_tammy.koroye.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_44000898 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="44000898"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 44000898, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_44000898", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=44000898]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_44000898").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_44000898").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="44000898"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">9</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="465" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Artificial_Intelligence">Artificial Intelligence</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="465" type="text/json">{"id":465,"name":"Artificial Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Artificial_Intelligence?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2575" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Law">International Law</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2575" type="text/json">{"id":2575,"name":"International Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="13151" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Law">Intellectual Property Law</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="13151" type="text/json">{"id":13151,"name":"Intellectual Property Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="20224" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/EU_Law">EU Law</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="20224" type="text/json">{"id":20224,"name":"EU Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/EU_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=44000898]'), work: {"id":44000898,"title":"INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY AND ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE: THE CONFLICTING ISSUES OF CREATIVE OWNERSHIP","created_at":"2020-09-02T01:17:40.266-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/44000898/INTELLECTUAL_PROPERTY_AND_ARTIFICIAL_INTELLIGENCE_THE_CONFLICTING_ISSUES_OF_CREATIVE_OWNERSHIP?f_ri=13151","dom_id":"work_44000898","summary":"The 21st century has seen the emergence of technological innovations that render the erstwhile Intellectual\nProperty (IP) systems seemingly inept in protecting and regulating intellectual property rights. Artificial Intelligence (AI) has established itself as a frontier of innovation with over a $250 million market opportunity. With the advent of the AI, the lines of creative ownership rights attributed to the creators of intellectual works are blurred, due to the essential nature of the technology itself. The question of who then\nis attributed authorship of the work produced by AI arise","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":64333470,"asset_id":44000898,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":79073860,"first_name":"Tammy","last_name":"Koroye","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"TammyKoroye","display_name":"Tammy Koroye","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/TammyKoroye?f_ri=13151","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/79073860/22433894/21638506/s65_tammy.koroye.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":465,"name":"Artificial Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Artificial_Intelligence?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":2575,"name":"International Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":13151,"name":"Intellectual Property Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":20224,"name":"EU Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/EU_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":27328,"name":"International Copyright Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Copyright_Law?f_ri=13151"},{"id":29883,"name":"Authorship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Authorship?f_ri=13151"},{"id":44047,"name":"Copyright and intellectual property","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Copyright_and_intellectual_property?f_ri=13151"},{"id":90776,"name":"Copyright Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Copyright_Law?f_ri=13151"},{"id":1029248,"name":"Uk Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Uk_Law?f_ri=13151"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_44363761" data-work_id="44363761" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/44363761/207_Propriedade_Intelectual_os_novos_desafios_para_a_America_Latina_1991_">207) Propriedade Intelectual: os novos desafios para a America Latina (1991)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">207. “Desenvolvimento Tecnológico e Integração Regional” Montevidéu, 20 junho 1991, 19 p. Publicado, em forma resumida, em Conexión: Revista Latinoamericana de Integración (Montevidéu: ano I, n. 1, setembro 1991, p. 113-115). Publicado,... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_44363761" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">207. “Desenvolvimento Tecnológico e Integração Regional”<br />Montevidéu, 20 junho 1991, 19 p. <br />Publicado, em forma resumida, em Conexión: Revista Latinoamericana de Integración (Montevidéu: ano I, n. 1, setembro 1991, p. 113-115). <br />Publicado, em versão completa e sob o título de “Propriedade Intelectual: os novos desafios para a América Latina”, na revista Estudos Avançados (São Paulo: IEA-USP, vol. 5, n. 12, maio-agosto de 1991, ISSN: 0103-4014, p. 187-203; links: <a href="https://www.scielo.br/pdf/ea/v5n12/v5n12a12.pdf" rel="nofollow">https://www.scielo.br/pdf/ea/v5n12/v5n12a12.pdf</a> e <a href="http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&pid=S0103-40141991000200012&lng=en&nrm=iso&tlng=pt" rel="nofollow">http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&pid=S0103-40141991000200012&lng=en&nrm=iso&tlng=pt</a>). <br />Relação de Publicados n. 067 e 068.<br /><br />A reestruturação, no âmbito da Rodada Uruguai do GATT, das regras multilaterais que regulam o comércio internacional, inclusive no que concerne aos novos temas da propriedade intelectual, dos investimentos e dos serviços, encontra a América Latina numa fase singular de sua história econômica. Quando a Rodada foi lançada, em 1986, em Punta del Este, o Continente estava entregue a uma onda generalizada de pessimismo declinista, iniciado com o problema da divida externa e logo prolongado pela mais profunda crise econômica que a América Latina conheceu desde os anos 30. Mas ela coincidiu, igualmente, com a conscientização da necessidade de mudanças radicais no funcionamento dos aparelhos produtivos das economias nacionais e na forma de sua inserção no sistema econômico internacional, oferecendo, como tal, uma oportunidade ímpar para se repensar o modelo tradicional de modernização tecnológica. Com efeito, a transição dos anos 80 para os 90 foi caracterizada por grandes mudanças na economia mundial, que operou uma transição acelerada para o que já foi chamado de novo paradigma tecnológico, ou seja, um modelo produtivo não mais tipicamente tayloriano e fordista, mas um tipo de organização social da produção identificado com a science-based industry. A magnitude do choque representado pela Rodada Uruguai, especialmente no que concerne aos fluxos de alta tecnologia, não deve ser minimizada, quaisquer que venham a ser os resultados efetivos do novo contrato mundial que emergirá no GATT. Ele deve assegurar as bases de um novo regime relativo à proteção da propriedade intelectual e, como tal, criar regras multilaterais aplicadas ao comércio de tecnologia muito mais restritas que as atualmente existentes. Muito embora seus contornos ainda não estejam desenhados em todos os detalhes, desde já três coisas precisam ficar claras em relação a seus potenciais efeitos para países importadores de tecnologia como os da América Latina. <br />(...)</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/44363761" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="96e241944a0ef5edcff61bf356c2b546" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":64760440,"asset_id":44363761,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/64760440/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0OTA1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="7851066" href="https://unb.academia.edu/PauloRobertodeAlmeida">Paulo Roberto de Almeida</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="7851066" type="text/json">{"id":7851066,"first_name":"Paulo Roberto","last_name":"de Almeida","domain_name":"unb","page_name":"PauloRobertodeAlmeida","display_name":"Paulo Roberto de Almeida","profile_url":"https://unb.academia.edu/PauloRobertodeAlmeida?f_ri=13151","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/7851066/2776432/66447948/s65_paulo_roberto.de_almeida.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_44363761 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="44363761"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 44363761, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_44363761", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_44363761 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 44363761; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_44363761"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_44363761 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="44363761"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 44363761; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=44363761]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_44363761").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_44363761").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="44363761"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="388" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Latin_American_Studies">Latin American Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="388" type="text/json">{"id":388,"name":"Latin American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Latin_American_Studies?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="967" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property">Intellectual Property</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="967" type="text/json">{"id":967,"name":"Intellectual Property","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3827" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Brazilian_Studies">Brazilian Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3827" type="text/json">{"id":3827,"name":"Brazilian Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Brazilian_Studies?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="13151" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Law">Intellectual Property Law</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="13151" type="text/json">{"id":13151,"name":"Intellectual Property Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=44363761]'), work: {"id":44363761,"title":"207) Propriedade Intelectual: os novos desafios para a America Latina (1991)","created_at":"2020-10-24T11:50:06.091-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/44363761/207_Propriedade_Intelectual_os_novos_desafios_para_a_America_Latina_1991_?f_ri=13151","dom_id":"work_44363761","summary":"207. “Desenvolvimento Tecnológico e Integração Regional”\nMontevidéu, 20 junho 1991, 19 p. \nPublicado, em forma resumida, em Conexión: Revista Latinoamericana de Integración (Montevidéu: ano I, n. 1, setembro 1991, p. 113-115). \nPublicado, em versão completa e sob o título de “Propriedade Intelectual: os novos desafios para a América Latina”, na revista Estudos Avançados (São Paulo: IEA-USP, vol. 5, n. 12, maio-agosto de 1991, ISSN: 0103-4014, p. 187-203; links: https://www.scielo.br/pdf/ea/v5n12/v5n12a12.pdf e http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf\u0026pid=S0103-40141991000200012\u0026lng=en\u0026nrm=iso\u0026tlng=pt). \nRelação de Publicados n. 067 e 068.\n\nA reestruturação, no âmbito da Rodada Uruguai do GATT, das regras multilaterais que regulam o comércio internacional, inclusive no que concerne aos novos temas da propriedade intelectual, dos investimentos e dos serviços, encontra a América Latina numa fase singular de sua história econômica. Quando a Rodada foi lançada, em 1986, em Punta del Este, o Continente estava entregue a uma onda generalizada de pessimismo declinista, iniciado com o problema da divida externa e logo prolongado pela mais profunda crise econômica que a América Latina conheceu desde os anos 30. Mas ela coincidiu, igualmente, com a conscientização da necessidade de mudanças radicais no funcionamento dos aparelhos produtivos das economias nacionais e na forma de sua inserção no sistema econômico internacional, oferecendo, como tal, uma oportunidade ímpar para se repensar o modelo tradicional de modernização tecnológica. Com efeito, a transição dos anos 80 para os 90 foi caracterizada por grandes mudanças na economia mundial, que operou uma transição acelerada para o que já foi chamado de novo paradigma tecnológico, ou seja, um modelo produtivo não mais tipicamente tayloriano e fordista, mas um tipo de organização social da produção identificado com a science-based industry. A magnitude do choque representado pela Rodada Uruguai, especialmente no que concerne aos fluxos de alta tecnologia, não deve ser minimizada, quaisquer que venham a ser os resultados efetivos do novo contrato mundial que emergirá no GATT. Ele deve assegurar as bases de um novo regime relativo à proteção da propriedade intelectual e, como tal, criar regras multilaterais aplicadas ao comércio de tecnologia muito mais restritas que as atualmente existentes. Muito embora seus contornos ainda não estejam desenhados em todos os detalhes, desde já três coisas precisam ficar claras em relação a seus potenciais efeitos para países importadores de tecnologia como os da América Latina. \n(...)","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":64760440,"asset_id":44363761,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":7851066,"first_name":"Paulo Roberto","last_name":"de Almeida","domain_name":"unb","page_name":"PauloRobertodeAlmeida","display_name":"Paulo Roberto de Almeida","profile_url":"https://unb.academia.edu/PauloRobertodeAlmeida?f_ri=13151","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/7851066/2776432/66447948/s65_paulo_roberto.de_almeida.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":388,"name":"Latin American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Latin_American_Studies?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":967,"name":"Intellectual Property","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":3827,"name":"Brazilian Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Brazilian_Studies?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":13151,"name":"Intellectual Property Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":19006,"name":"Dissemination of Scientific Research \u0026 Technological Innovation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dissemination_of_Scientific_Research_and_Technological_Innovation?f_ri=13151"},{"id":22464,"name":"Intellectual Property Rights","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Rights?f_ri=13151"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_71089436" data-work_id="71089436" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/71089436/In_Light_of_the_Ends_Copyright_Hysteresis_and_Private_Copy_Exception_after_the_British_Academy_of_Songwriters_Composers_and_Authors_BASCA_and_Others_v_Secretary_of_State_for_Business_Innovation_and_Skills_Case">In Light of the Ends. Copyright Hysteresis and Private Copy Exception after the British Academy of Songwriters, Composers and Authors (BASCA) and Others v Secretary of State for Business, Innovation and Skills Case</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">In the British Academy of Songwriters, Composers and Authors (BASCA) and others v Secretary of State for Business, Innovation and Skills case, the High Court of Justice in matter of private copy exception provides the twofold prime... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_71089436" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In the British Academy of Songwriters, Composers and Authors (BASCA) and others v Secretary of State for Business, Innovation and Skills case, the High Court of Justice in matter of private copy exception provides the twofold prime opportunity to shed light on the state of the art of copyright in the UK and to flesh out the idea of &#39;legal hysteresis’. I support the reintroduction of the private copy exception, possibly in a less narrow fashion, and I explain the reasons why I am confident that my expectations will be fulfilled.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/71089436" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="18a1f607c68e613f8ce3969b01935c52" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":80587256,"asset_id":71089436,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/80587256/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0OTA1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="736533" href="https://strathclyde.academia.edu/GuidoNotoLaDiega">Guido Noto La Diega</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="736533" type="text/json">{"id":736533,"first_name":"Guido","last_name":"Noto La Diega","domain_name":"strathclyde","page_name":"GuidoNotoLaDiega","display_name":"Guido Noto La Diega","profile_url":"https://strathclyde.academia.edu/GuidoNotoLaDiega?f_ri=13151","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/736533/251443/111612223/s65_guido.noto_la_diega.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_71089436 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="71089436"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 71089436, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_71089436", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_71089436 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 71089436; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_71089436"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_71089436 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="71089436"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 71089436; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=71089436]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_71089436").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_71089436").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="71089436"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">20</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="546" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Law">Comparative Law</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="546" type="text/json">{"id":546,"name":"Comparative Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="922" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Education">Education</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="922" type="text/json">{"id":922,"name":"Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Education?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="967" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property">Intellectual Property</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="967" type="text/json">{"id":967,"name":"Intellectual Property","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2891" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Commons">Commons</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="2891" type="text/json">{"id":2891,"name":"Commons","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Commons?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=71089436]'), work: {"id":71089436,"title":"In Light of the Ends. Copyright Hysteresis and Private Copy Exception after the British Academy of Songwriters, Composers and Authors (BASCA) and Others v Secretary of State for Business, Innovation and Skills Case","created_at":"2022-02-11T02:40:55.917-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/71089436/In_Light_of_the_Ends_Copyright_Hysteresis_and_Private_Copy_Exception_after_the_British_Academy_of_Songwriters_Composers_and_Authors_BASCA_and_Others_v_Secretary_of_State_for_Business_Innovation_and_Skills_Case?f_ri=13151","dom_id":"work_71089436","summary":"In the British Academy of Songwriters, Composers and Authors (BASCA) and others v Secretary of State for Business, Innovation and Skills case, the High Court of Justice in matter of private copy exception provides the twofold prime opportunity to shed light on the state of the art of copyright in the UK and to flesh out the idea of \u0026#39;legal hysteresis’. I support the reintroduction of the private copy exception, possibly in a less narrow fashion, and I explain the reasons why I am confident that my expectations will be fulfilled.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":80587256,"asset_id":71089436,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":736533,"first_name":"Guido","last_name":"Noto La Diega","domain_name":"strathclyde","page_name":"GuidoNotoLaDiega","display_name":"Guido Noto La Diega","profile_url":"https://strathclyde.academia.edu/GuidoNotoLaDiega?f_ri=13151","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/736533/251443/111612223/s65_guido.noto_la_diega.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":546,"name":"Comparative Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":922,"name":"Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Education?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":967,"name":"Intellectual Property","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":2891,"name":"Commons","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Commons?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":4001,"name":"Common Property","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Common_Property?f_ri=13151"},{"id":4486,"name":"Political Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science?f_ri=13151"},{"id":7685,"name":"Copyright","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Copyright?f_ri=13151"},{"id":7946,"name":"Comparative Private Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Private_Law?f_ri=13151"},{"id":13151,"name":"Intellectual Property Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Law?f_ri=13151"},{"id":18838,"name":"Digital Copyright","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Digital_Copyright?f_ri=13151"},{"id":22229,"name":"Parody","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Parody?f_ri=13151"},{"id":22464,"name":"Intellectual Property Rights","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Rights?f_ri=13151"},{"id":28235,"name":"Multidisciplinary","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multidisciplinary?f_ri=13151"},{"id":29206,"name":"English law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English_law?f_ri=13151"},{"id":52218,"name":"Legal English","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Legal_English?f_ri=13151"},{"id":81837,"name":"Intelectual Property","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intelectual_Property?f_ri=13151"},{"id":90776,"name":"Copyright Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Copyright_Law?f_ri=13151"},{"id":170029,"name":"Multidisciplinary Research","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multidisciplinary_Research?f_ri=13151"},{"id":328613,"name":"Limitations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Limitations?f_ri=13151"},{"id":434502,"name":"Copyright Exceptions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Copyright_Exceptions?f_ri=13151"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_44665150" data-work_id="44665150" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/44665150/THEORETICAL_ASPECTS_OF_MECHANISM_OF_INTELLECTUAL_PROPERTY_RIGHTS_REMEDY">THEORETICAL ASPECTS OF MECHANISM OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS REMEDY</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The axiological nature of law consists in its ability to ensure legal entities the feasibility of their equal opportunities in the implementation of civil relations. Correspondence of the real-world details to ideal legal model is... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_44665150" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The axiological nature of law consists in its ability to ensure legal<br />entities the feasibility of their equal opportunities in the implementation of civil relations. Correspondence of the real-world details to ideal legal model is achieved through the good behavior of participants in public relations. The exercise of legal civil rights and fulfillment of corresponding legal obligations results in the legal relations between their participants.<br />    Going beyond the legal regulation of public relations leads to an<br />intensification of legal coercion. It is aimed to regulate civil relations, within which the infringement took place, by exercising certain legal powers from among legal civil rights of an injured party, particularly the right of defense.<br />    The right of defense is the opportunity of an authorized person to use the legally permitted means of coercive influence on an offender, to apply retaliatory measures, as well as the opportunity to apply to competent state or nongovernmental authorities to compel the obligated person to certain good behavior.<br />    It should be noted that legal nature of the right of defense is debatable in modern civil science. Thus, two opposing views have been formed thus far regarding the nature of such a structure as the right of defense.<br />    According to the first, the right of defense is a component of legal civil rights. Therefore, the implementation of such powers occurs at a certain stage of legal relations development. Separation of another type of civil relations between the same entities, regarding the same object, with the same scope of powers cannot be considered appropriate.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/44665150" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="c329dbe797e87c1a4af03baaf2bc6d47" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":65137850,"asset_id":44665150,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/65137850/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0OTA1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="70552656" href="https://univ-paris1.academia.edu/AnatoliyKostruba">Anatoliy Kostruba</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="70552656" type="text/json">{"id":70552656,"first_name":"Anatoliy","last_name":"Kostruba","domain_name":"univ-paris1","page_name":"AnatoliyKostruba","display_name":"Anatoliy Kostruba","profile_url":"https://univ-paris1.academia.edu/AnatoliyKostruba?f_ri=13151","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/70552656/18147833/103760578/s65_anatoliy.kostruba.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_44665150 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="44665150"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 44665150, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_44665150", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=44665150]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_44665150").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_44665150").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="44665150"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="548" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_Law">Civil Law</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="548" type="text/json">{"id":548,"name":"Civil Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="13151" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Law">Intellectual Property Law</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="13151" type="text/json">{"id":13151,"name":"Intellectual Property Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="22464" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Rights">Intellectual Property Rights</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="22464" type="text/json">{"id":22464,"name":"Intellectual Property Rights","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Rights?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="411737" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Constitutional_Law_Right_to_Health_Protection_Socio-Legal_Isuues">Constitutional Law, Right to Health Protection, Socio-Legal Isuues</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="411737" type="text/json">{"id":411737,"name":"Constitutional Law, Right to Health Protection, Socio-Legal Isuues","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Constitutional_Law_Right_to_Health_Protection_Socio-Legal_Isuues?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=44665150]'), work: {"id":44665150,"title":"THEORETICAL ASPECTS OF MECHANISM OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS REMEDY","created_at":"2020-12-08T22:26:10.282-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/44665150/THEORETICAL_ASPECTS_OF_MECHANISM_OF_INTELLECTUAL_PROPERTY_RIGHTS_REMEDY?f_ri=13151","dom_id":"work_44665150","summary":" The axiological nature of law consists in its ability to ensure legal\nentities the feasibility of their equal opportunities in the implementation of civil relations. Correspondence of the real-world details to ideal legal model is achieved through the good behavior of participants in public relations. The exercise of legal civil rights and fulfillment of corresponding legal obligations results in the legal relations between their participants.\n Going beyond the legal regulation of public relations leads to an\nintensification of legal coercion. It is aimed to regulate civil relations, within which the infringement took place, by exercising certain legal powers from among legal civil rights of an injured party, particularly the right of defense.\n The right of defense is the opportunity of an authorized person to use the legally permitted means of coercive influence on an offender, to apply retaliatory measures, as well as the opportunity to apply to competent state or nongovernmental authorities to compel the obligated person to certain good behavior.\n It should be noted that legal nature of the right of defense is debatable in modern civil science. Thus, two opposing views have been formed thus far regarding the nature of such a structure as the right of defense.\n According to the first, the right of defense is a component of legal civil rights. Therefore, the implementation of such powers occurs at a certain stage of legal relations development. Separation of another type of civil relations between the same entities, regarding the same object, with the same scope of powers cannot be considered appropriate. ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":65137850,"asset_id":44665150,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":70552656,"first_name":"Anatoliy","last_name":"Kostruba","domain_name":"univ-paris1","page_name":"AnatoliyKostruba","display_name":"Anatoliy Kostruba","profile_url":"https://univ-paris1.academia.edu/AnatoliyKostruba?f_ri=13151","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/70552656/18147833/103760578/s65_anatoliy.kostruba.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":548,"name":"Civil Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":13151,"name":"Intellectual Property Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":22464,"name":"Intellectual Property Rights","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Rights?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":411737,"name":"Constitutional Law, Right to Health Protection, Socio-Legal Isuues","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Constitutional_Law_Right_to_Health_Protection_Socio-Legal_Isuues?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":629936,"name":"Socio-legal Interest In Health and Social Care Law, With Particular Focus on Adult Protection, DoLS (Deprivation of Liberty Safeguarding), Mental Healthcare Law and Professional Practice of Health and Social Care Practitioners.","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Socio-legal_Interest_In_Health_and_Social_Care_Law_With_Particular_Focus_on_Adult_Protection_DoLS_?f_ri=13151"},{"id":2637755,"name":"Legal Remedy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Legal_Remedy?f_ri=13151"},{"id":3239984,"name":"Extraordinary (Legal) Remedy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Extraordinary_Legal_Remedy?f_ri=13151"},{"id":3826075,"name":"human right protections","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/human_right_protections?f_ri=13151"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_44401858" data-work_id="44401858" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/44401858/Impact_of_Digital_Economy_on_Intellectual_Property_Law">Impact of Digital Economy on Intellectual Property Law</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Intellectual property is regarded to be the digital economy's hot issue. It ranges from theoretical arguments to own information concerning everyday life relating to the foundation of internet geography. The current study deals with the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_44401858" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Intellectual property is regarded to be the digital economy's hot issue. It ranges from theoretical arguments to own information concerning everyday life relating to the foundation of internet geography. The current study deals with the impact of the digital economy on intellectual property law and proposes that although various countries have given many intellectual property laws, no such implementation has ever been made. Still, the digital world has witnessed the protection of intellectual law through technical protection and contracts. The digital economy has greatly impacted the intellectual property law that can be witnessed through cyber squatter legislation and significant legal and economic protection developments. The endorsement of business methods patents and e-commerce would significantly affect freedom, computer as well as privacy. However, some of their personal information has been suggested by giving individual property rights while describing it to protect freedom and privacy. In this study, it has also been concluded that policy is critical to conceive and analyze issues so that it would be technology independent. It would help policymakers to draft legislation and policies in the same way. In addition to this, policymakers' decisions should not base on any business model's specifics only. Moreover, the study suggests the need for other adaptations to ensure that all the essential purposes in copyright laws, such as giving free access to the public for a broader range of information, have been adequately fulfilled in the digital economy context. However, such adaptations are yet to design, and for completing such tasks, the stakeholders' participation is significant.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/44401858" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="6d56b201c6c000b90a6139e7e64b6e6e" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":64810416,"asset_id":44401858,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/64810416/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0OTA1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="59105534" href="https://geomaza.academia.edu/AKhan">Asif Khan</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="59105534" type="text/json">{"id":59105534,"first_name":"Asif","last_name":"Khan","domain_name":"geomaza","page_name":"AKhan","display_name":"Asif Khan","profile_url":"https://geomaza.academia.edu/AKhan?f_ri=13151","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/59105534/16787038/58109613/s65_asif.khan.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_44401858 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="44401858"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 44401858, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_44401858", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=44401858]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_44401858").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_44401858").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="44401858"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="534" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law">Law</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="534" type="text/json">{"id":534,"name":"Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2575" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Law">International Law</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2575" type="text/json">{"id":2575,"name":"International Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="13151" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Law">Intellectual Property Law</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="13151" type="text/json">{"id":13151,"name":"Intellectual Property Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3796058" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/degital_economy">degital economy</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="3796058" type="text/json">{"id":3796058,"name":"degital economy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/degital_economy?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=44401858]'), work: {"id":44401858,"title":"Impact of Digital Economy on Intellectual Property Law","created_at":"2020-10-30T09:22:25.992-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/44401858/Impact_of_Digital_Economy_on_Intellectual_Property_Law?f_ri=13151","dom_id":"work_44401858","summary":"Intellectual property is regarded to be the digital economy's hot issue. It ranges from theoretical arguments to own information concerning everyday life relating to the foundation of internet geography. The current study deals with the impact of the digital economy on intellectual property law and proposes that although various countries have given many intellectual property laws, no such implementation has ever been made. Still, the digital world has witnessed the protection of intellectual law through technical protection and contracts. The digital economy has greatly impacted the intellectual property law that can be witnessed through cyber squatter legislation and significant legal and economic protection developments. The endorsement of business methods patents and e-commerce would significantly affect freedom, computer as well as privacy. However, some of their personal information has been suggested by giving individual property rights while describing it to protect freedom and privacy. In this study, it has also been concluded that policy is critical to conceive and analyze issues so that it would be technology independent. It would help policymakers to draft legislation and policies in the same way. In addition to this, policymakers' decisions should not base on any business model's specifics only. Moreover, the study suggests the need for other adaptations to ensure that all the essential purposes in copyright laws, such as giving free access to the public for a broader range of information, have been adequately fulfilled in the digital economy context. However, such adaptations are yet to design, and for completing such tasks, the stakeholders' participation is significant.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":64810416,"asset_id":44401858,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":59105534,"first_name":"Asif","last_name":"Khan","domain_name":"geomaza","page_name":"AKhan","display_name":"Asif Khan","profile_url":"https://geomaza.academia.edu/AKhan?f_ri=13151","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/59105534/16787038/58109613/s65_asif.khan.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":534,"name":"Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":2575,"name":"International Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":13151,"name":"Intellectual Property Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":3796058,"name":"degital economy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/degital_economy?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_43074901" data-work_id="43074901" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/43074901/FLATTENING_THE_CURVE_OF_COUNTERFEITING_WITH_BRAND_PROTECTION_STRATEGIES">FLATTENING THE CURVE OF COUNTERFEITING WITH BRAND PROTECTION STRATEGIES</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">The paper sheds light on few brand protection strategies that can be utilized to protect businesses from harm brought by counterfeiting.</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/43074901" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="e58120ab4775246d8714f66f523c62f7" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":63330933,"asset_id":43074901,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/63330933/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0OTA1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="68833239" href="https://crowdrise.academia.edu/ToritsejuDottie">Toritseju (Toju) Dottie</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="68833239" type="text/json">{"id":68833239,"first_name":"Toritseju (Toju)","last_name":"Dottie","domain_name":"crowdrise","page_name":"ToritsejuDottie","display_name":"Toritseju (Toju) Dottie","profile_url":"https://crowdrise.academia.edu/ToritsejuDottie?f_ri=13151","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/68833239/29413865/27379478/s65_toritseju.dottie.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_43074901 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="43074901"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 43074901, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_43074901", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=43074901]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_43074901").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_43074901").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="43074901"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i></div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl6x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="13151" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Law">Intellectual Property Law</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="13151" type="text/json">{"id":13151,"name":"Intellectual Property Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (false) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=43074901]'), work: {"id":43074901,"title":"FLATTENING THE CURVE OF COUNTERFEITING WITH BRAND PROTECTION STRATEGIES","created_at":"2020-05-16T08:38:21.508-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/43074901/FLATTENING_THE_CURVE_OF_COUNTERFEITING_WITH_BRAND_PROTECTION_STRATEGIES?f_ri=13151","dom_id":"work_43074901","summary":"The paper sheds light on few brand protection strategies that can be utilized to protect businesses from harm brought by counterfeiting.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":63330933,"asset_id":43074901,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":68833239,"first_name":"Toritseju (Toju)","last_name":"Dottie","domain_name":"crowdrise","page_name":"ToritsejuDottie","display_name":"Toritseju (Toju) Dottie","profile_url":"https://crowdrise.academia.edu/ToritsejuDottie?f_ri=13151","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/68833239/29413865/27379478/s65_toritseju.dottie.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":13151,"name":"Intellectual Property Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_66125438" data-work_id="66125438" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/66125438/Intellectual_Property_Rights_in_the_Time_of_Corona">Intellectual Property Rights in the Time of Corona</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/66125438" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="bbfff587f700685a648cab17342c8ab2" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":77440406,"asset_id":66125438,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/77440406/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0OTA1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="877181" href="https://independent.academia.edu/mahatabuddin">Mahatab Uddin</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="877181" type="text/json">{"id":877181,"first_name":"Mahatab","last_name":"Uddin","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"mahatabuddin","display_name":"Mahatab Uddin","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/mahatabuddin?f_ri=13151","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_66125438 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="66125438"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 66125438, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_66125438", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=66125438]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_66125438").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_66125438").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="66125438"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="13151" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Law">Intellectual Property Law</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="13151" type="text/json">{"id":13151,"name":"Intellectual Property Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="22464" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Rights">Intellectual Property Rights</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="22464" type="text/json">{"id":22464,"name":"Intellectual Property Rights","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Rights?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="731195" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Compulsory_License">Compulsory License</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="731195" type="text/json">{"id":731195,"name":"Compulsory License","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Compulsory_License?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3594697" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/COVID-19_PANDEMIC">COVID-19 PANDEMIC</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="3594697" type="text/json">{"id":3594697,"name":"COVID-19 PANDEMIC","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/COVID-19_PANDEMIC?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=66125438]'), work: {"id":66125438,"title":"Intellectual Property Rights in the Time of Corona","created_at":"2021-12-27T09:49:24.357-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/66125438/Intellectual_Property_Rights_in_the_Time_of_Corona?f_ri=13151","dom_id":"work_66125438","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":77440406,"asset_id":66125438,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":877181,"first_name":"Mahatab","last_name":"Uddin","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"mahatabuddin","display_name":"Mahatab Uddin","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/mahatabuddin?f_ri=13151","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":13151,"name":"Intellectual Property Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":22464,"name":"Intellectual Property Rights","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Rights?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":731195,"name":"Compulsory License","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Compulsory_License?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":3594697,"name":"COVID-19 PANDEMIC","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/COVID-19_PANDEMIC?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":3674503,"name":"COVID-19 Vaccine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/COVID-19_Vaccine?f_ri=13151"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_43714907" data-work_id="43714907" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/43714907/REVENTA_DE_SOFTWARE_DE_SEGUNDA_MANO_ESTADO_DE_LA_CUESTI%C3%93N_EN_LA_UNI%C3%93N_EUROPEA_TRAS_LA_SENTENCIA_USEDSOFT_C_ORACLE_INTERNATIONAL">REVENTA DE SOFTWARE DE SEGUNDA MANO. ESTADO DE LA CUESTIÓN EN LA UNIÓN EUROPEA TRAS LA SENTENCIA USEDSOFT C. ORACLE INTERNATIONAL</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Resumen: En su reciente sentencia en el asunto UsedSoft c. Oracle International, el Tribunal de Justicia de la Unión Europea ha declarado el agotamiento del derecho del autor del programa de ordenador para oponerse a la sucesiva reventa... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_43714907" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Resumen: En su reciente sentencia en el asunto UsedSoft c. Oracle International, el Tribunal de Justicia de la Unión Europea ha declarado el agotamiento del derecho del autor del programa de ordenador para oponerse a la sucesiva reventa de copias de su programa que hubieran sido adquiridas a cambio de un precio y por un período ilimitado en el tiempo, con independencia de que exista una copia física o fuera descargado de una página web y aun cuando se hubiera pacta-do alguna cláusula contractual a contrario. Mientras que esta decisión será bien recibida por los licenciatarios y las empresas de reventa de software, no puede decirse lo mismo de las compañías que diseñan y comercializan programas de ordenador. ¿Pero realmente esto es así? Las caracte-rísticas del mercado emergente permiten dar una respuesta negativa, dado que las compañías de software presumiblemente centrarán su atención en la inserción de nuevas medidas tecnológicas de control del acceso y el uso del programa y en el desarrollo de sistemas de cloud-computing. Palabras clave: reventa de licencias de uso de programas de ordenador, agotamiento del derecho de distribución, descarga del software. Abstract: In its recent judgment in the case UsedSoft v. Oracle International,</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/43714907" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="56f2ea0ba2b46949b69b70edc37c164d" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":64021587,"asset_id":43714907,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/64021587/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0OTA1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="3294411" href="https://uam.academia.edu/GemmaMineroAlejandre">Gemma Minero Alejandre</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="3294411" type="text/json">{"id":3294411,"first_name":"Gemma","last_name":"Minero Alejandre","domain_name":"uam","page_name":"GemmaMineroAlejandre","display_name":"Gemma Minero Alejandre","profile_url":"https://uam.academia.edu/GemmaMineroAlejandre?f_ri=13151","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3294411/1095225/35789628/s65_gemma.minero_alejandre.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_43714907 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="43714907"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 43714907, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_43714907", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=43714907]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_43714907").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_43714907").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="43714907"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="967" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property">Intellectual Property</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="967" type="text/json">{"id":967,"name":"Intellectual Property","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="13151" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Law">Intellectual Property Law</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="13151" type="text/json">{"id":13151,"name":"Intellectual Property Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="96041" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Propiedad_Intelectual">Propiedad Intelectual</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="96041" type="text/json">{"id":96041,"name":"Propiedad Intelectual","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Propiedad_Intelectual?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="464027" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Derechos_de_autor">Derechos de autor</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="464027" type="text/json">{"id":464027,"name":"Derechos de autor","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Derechos_de_autor?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=43714907]'), work: {"id":43714907,"title":"REVENTA DE SOFTWARE DE SEGUNDA MANO. ESTADO DE LA CUESTIÓN EN LA UNIÓN EUROPEA TRAS LA SENTENCIA USEDSOFT C. ORACLE INTERNATIONAL","created_at":"2020-07-26T03:59:09.594-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/43714907/REVENTA_DE_SOFTWARE_DE_SEGUNDA_MANO_ESTADO_DE_LA_CUESTI%C3%93N_EN_LA_UNI%C3%93N_EUROPEA_TRAS_LA_SENTENCIA_USEDSOFT_C_ORACLE_INTERNATIONAL?f_ri=13151","dom_id":"work_43714907","summary":"Resumen: En su reciente sentencia en el asunto UsedSoft c. Oracle International, el Tribunal de Justicia de la Unión Europea ha declarado el agotamiento del derecho del autor del programa de ordenador para oponerse a la sucesiva reventa de copias de su programa que hubieran sido adquiridas a cambio de un precio y por un período ilimitado en el tiempo, con independencia de que exista una copia física o fuera descargado de una página web y aun cuando se hubiera pacta-do alguna cláusula contractual a contrario. Mientras que esta decisión será bien recibida por los licenciatarios y las empresas de reventa de software, no puede decirse lo mismo de las compañías que diseñan y comercializan programas de ordenador. ¿Pero realmente esto es así? Las caracte-rísticas del mercado emergente permiten dar una respuesta negativa, dado que las compañías de software presumiblemente centrarán su atención en la inserción de nuevas medidas tecnológicas de control del acceso y el uso del programa y en el desarrollo de sistemas de cloud-computing. Palabras clave: reventa de licencias de uso de programas de ordenador, agotamiento del derecho de distribución, descarga del software. Abstract: In its recent judgment in the case UsedSoft v. Oracle International,","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":64021587,"asset_id":43714907,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":3294411,"first_name":"Gemma","last_name":"Minero Alejandre","domain_name":"uam","page_name":"GemmaMineroAlejandre","display_name":"Gemma Minero Alejandre","profile_url":"https://uam.academia.edu/GemmaMineroAlejandre?f_ri=13151","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3294411/1095225/35789628/s65_gemma.minero_alejandre.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":967,"name":"Intellectual Property","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":13151,"name":"Intellectual Property Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":96041,"name":"Propiedad Intelectual","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Propiedad_Intelectual?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":464027,"name":"Derechos de autor","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Derechos_de_autor?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_37741448" data-work_id="37741448" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/37741448/Non_Conventional_Copyright_Do_New_and_Atypical_Works_Deserve_Protection">Non-Conventional Copyright: Do New and Atypical Works Deserve Protection?</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The book draws a picture of possible new spaces for copyright. It expands on whether modern copyright law should be more flexible as to whether new or unconventional forms of expression - including graffiti, tattoos, land art, conceptual... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_37741448" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The book draws a picture of possible new spaces for copyright. It expands on whether modern copyright law should be more flexible as to whether new or unconventional forms of expression - including graffiti, tattoos, land art, conceptual art and bio art, engineered DNA, sport movements, jokes, magic tricks, dj-sets, 3D printing, works generated by artificial intelligence, perfume making, typefaces, illegal and immoral works - deserve protection. The contributors offer authoritative, coherent and well-argued essays focusing on whether copyright can subsist in these unconventional subject matters.<br />Copyright law constantly evolves to keep up with societal changes and technological advances. Contemporary forms of creativity can threaten the comfortable conceptions of copyright law as creative people continually find new ways of expressing themselves. In this context, Non-Conventional Copyright identifies possible new spaces for copyright protection. <br />With current copyright law in mind, the contributions explore if the law should be more flexible as to whether new or unconventional forms of expression – including graffiti, tattoos, land art, conceptual art and bio art, engineered DNA, sport movements, jokes, magic tricks, DJ sets, 3D printing, works generated by artificial intelligence, perfume making, typefaces, or illegal and immoral works – deserve protection. Vitally, the contributors suggest that it may be time to challenge some of the basic tenets of copyright laws by embracing more flexible ways to identify protectable works and interpret the current requirements for protection. Additionally, some contributors cast doubts about whether copyright is the right instrument to address and regulate these forms of expression. <br />Contemporary in topic, this thought-provoking book will be essential reading for intellectual property law scholars, practitioners and policymakers. Creative people and those involved in the creative industries will also find this book an engaging read.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/37741448" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="b3ce2e40511ca1f1a5319755ee70de44" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":57736576,"asset_id":37741448,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57736576/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0OTA1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="126897" href="https://wwwupf.academia.edu/NicolaLucchi">Nicola Lucchi</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="126897" type="text/json">{"id":126897,"first_name":"Nicola","last_name":"Lucchi","domain_name":"wwwupf","page_name":"NicolaLucchi","display_name":"Nicola Lucchi","profile_url":"https://wwwupf.academia.edu/NicolaLucchi?f_ri=13151","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/126897/33831/6282767/s65_nicola.lucchi.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_37741448 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="37741448"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 37741448, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_37741448", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=37741448]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_37741448").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_37741448").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="37741448"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="546" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Law">Comparative Law</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="546" type="text/json">{"id":546,"name":"Comparative Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7685" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Copyright">Copyright</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7685" type="text/json">{"id":7685,"name":"Copyright","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Copyright?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9972" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Copyright_Law_">Copyright (Law)</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9972" type="text/json">{"id":9972,"name":"Copyright (Law)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Copyright_Law_?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="13151" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Law">Intellectual Property Law</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="13151" type="text/json">{"id":13151,"name":"Intellectual Property Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=37741448]'), work: {"id":37741448,"title":"Non-Conventional Copyright: Do New and Atypical Works Deserve Protection?","created_at":"2018-11-10T15:29:07.334-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/37741448/Non_Conventional_Copyright_Do_New_and_Atypical_Works_Deserve_Protection?f_ri=13151","dom_id":"work_37741448","summary":"The book draws a picture of possible new spaces for copyright. It expands on whether modern copyright law should be more flexible as to whether new or unconventional forms of expression - including graffiti, tattoos, land art, conceptual art and bio art, engineered DNA, sport movements, jokes, magic tricks, dj-sets, 3D printing, works generated by artificial intelligence, perfume making, typefaces, illegal and immoral works - deserve protection. The contributors offer authoritative, coherent and well-argued essays focusing on whether copyright can subsist in these unconventional subject matters.\nCopyright law constantly evolves to keep up with societal changes and technological advances. Contemporary forms of creativity can threaten the comfortable conceptions of copyright law as creative people continually find new ways of expressing themselves. In this context, Non-Conventional Copyright identifies possible new spaces for copyright protection. \nWith current copyright law in mind, the contributions explore if the law should be more flexible as to whether new or unconventional forms of expression – including graffiti, tattoos, land art, conceptual art and bio art, engineered DNA, sport movements, jokes, magic tricks, DJ sets, 3D printing, works generated by artificial intelligence, perfume making, typefaces, or illegal and immoral works – deserve protection. Vitally, the contributors suggest that it may be time to challenge some of the basic tenets of copyright laws by embracing more flexible ways to identify protectable works and interpret the current requirements for protection. Additionally, some contributors cast doubts about whether copyright is the right instrument to address and regulate these forms of expression. \nContemporary in topic, this thought-provoking book will be essential reading for intellectual property law scholars, practitioners and policymakers. Creative people and those involved in the creative industries will also find this book an engaging read.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":57736576,"asset_id":37741448,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":126897,"first_name":"Nicola","last_name":"Lucchi","domain_name":"wwwupf","page_name":"NicolaLucchi","display_name":"Nicola Lucchi","profile_url":"https://wwwupf.academia.edu/NicolaLucchi?f_ri=13151","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/126897/33831/6282767/s65_nicola.lucchi.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":546,"name":"Comparative Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":7685,"name":"Copyright","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Copyright?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":9972,"name":"Copyright (Law)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Copyright_Law_?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":13151,"name":"Intellectual Property Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":18838,"name":"Digital Copyright","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Digital_Copyright?f_ri=13151"},{"id":27328,"name":"International Copyright Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Copyright_Law?f_ri=13151"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_9803181" data-work_id="9803181" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/9803181/_Cease_and_Desist_a_satire_">"Cease & Desist" (a satire)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">Cease and Desist: From the Law Offices of M.C Grosfischerplan. The latest dispatch from the copyright wars.</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/9803181" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="3a96bdbcfa17edc037b6346c73647afb" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":35975564,"asset_id":9803181,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/35975564/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0OTA1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1198677" href="https://independent.academia.edu/JoyGarnett">Joy Garnett</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1198677" type="text/json">{"id":1198677,"first_name":"Joy","last_name":"Garnett","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JoyGarnett","display_name":"Joy Garnett","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/JoyGarnett?f_ri=13151","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1198677/430931/10895099/s65_joy.garnett.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_9803181 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="9803181"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 9803181, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_9803181", }); 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garantam acesso a tecnologias verdes no âmbito de DPIs menos excludentes</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/44928853" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="fb8b986def73b1509dfcbaf05d67845b" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":65454460,"asset_id":44928853,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" 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data-work_id="3349517" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/3349517/Compulsory_Licensing_of_Intellectual_Property_in_the_light_of_John_Locke_s_Concept_of_Property_and_Utilitarian_Concept_of_Bentham">Compulsory Licensing of Intellectual Property in the light of John Locke’s Concept of Property and Utilitarian Concept of Bentham</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/3349517" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li 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href="https://symbiosis.academia.edu/ManzoorElahi">Manzoor Elahi</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="3516859" type="text/json">{"id":3516859,"first_name":"Manzoor","last_name":"Elahi","domain_name":"symbiosis","page_name":"ManzoorElahi","display_name":"Manzoor Elahi","profile_url":"https://symbiosis.academia.edu/ManzoorElahi?f_ri=13151","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3516859/1204401/1508178/s65_manzoor.elahi.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_3349517 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="3349517"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 3349517, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_3349517", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_3349517 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span 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href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jurisprudence">Jurisprudence</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="542" type="text/json">{"id":542,"name":"Jurisprudence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jurisprudence?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="803" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy">Philosophy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="803" type="text/json">{"id":803,"name":"Philosophy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="813" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Philosophy">Political Philosophy</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="813" type="text/json">{"id":813,"name":"Political Philosophy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Philosophy?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new 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Elahi","profile_url":"https://symbiosis.academia.edu/ManzoorElahi?f_ri=13151","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3516859/1204401/1508178/s65_manzoor.elahi.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":534,"name":"Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":542,"name":"Jurisprudence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jurisprudence?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":803,"name":"Philosophy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":813,"name":"Political Philosophy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Philosophy?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":967,"name":"Intellectual Property","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property?f_ri=13151"},{"id":2606,"name":"Innovation statistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Innovation_statistics?f_ri=13151"},{"id":5248,"name":"Legal 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Bentham","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jeremy_Bentham?f_ri=13151"},{"id":997252,"name":"Legisprudence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Legisprudence?f_ri=13151"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_36468594" data-work_id="36468594" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/36468594/RECONCEPTUALIZING_NIGERIAN_COPYRIGHT_LAW_TO_PROTECT_NOLLYWOOD">RECONCEPTUALIZING NIGERIAN COPYRIGHT LAW TO PROTECT NOLLYWOOD</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Intellectual Property, Nollywood, Creative Industry, Nigerian Copyright Laws, Digital Copyright, International Trade & Development, Transactional Negotiation, Animation Rights, Naijacomedy, Folklore, Traditional Cultural Expressions,... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_36468594" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Intellectual Property, Nollywood, Creative Industry, Nigerian Copyright Laws, Digital Copyright, International Trade & Development, Transactional Negotiation, Animation Rights, Naijacomedy, Folklore, Traditional Cultural Expressions, Celebrity Branding, Fashion Design, Trademarks, Cyberspace law, Contract laws, Creative Human Capital, Technology law, Technical Protection Measures, Nigerian Copyright Commission, U.S. Copyright Office, Afrollywood, Afrondise, Technical Protection Measure, Digital Copyright Millennium Act, ECOWAS, WTO, TRIPS, WIPO, Cultural Appropriation, Cultural Anachronism, Fair Use, Fair Dealing, Bollywood, Ghallywood, Hollywood, Kennywood, Jollywood, Joziwood, Vollywood, Piracy, Cinematography, Films, Animation, Fashion design, Folklore, Customary law, Nigerian Legal System, Music, Derivative Rights.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/36468594" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="61dd387f261c51854618b193620e3b98" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":56385924,"asset_id":36468594,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" 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B (Hons), BL, LL.M</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="44977601" type="text/json">{"id":44977601,"first_name":"Prof. Samuel Samiái","last_name":"Andrews, SJD, LL.M, LL. B (Hons), BL, LL.M","domain_name":"alyamamah","page_name":"alyamamahacademiaeduProfSamuelSamiáiAndrews","display_name":"Prof. Samuel Samiái Andrews, SJD, LL.M, LL. B (Hons), BL, LL.M","profile_url":"https://alyamamah.academia.edu/alyamamahacademiaeduProfSamuelSami%C3%A1iAndrews?f_ri=13151","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/44977601/12149977/146715284/s65_prof._samuel_sami_i.andrews.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_36468594 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="36468594"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 36468594, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_36468594", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_36468594 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 36468594; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_36468594"); 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B (Hons), BL, LL.M","domain_name":"alyamamah","page_name":"alyamamahacademiaeduProfSamuelSamiáiAndrews","display_name":"Prof. Samuel Samiái Andrews, SJD, LL.M, LL. 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Examples of the most successful experience of developed and democratic foreign countries in the field of legal support of intellectual property rights are considered. The potential of future introduction of one or another successful foreign example or the approach on which it is based into the Ukrainian social and legal realities is analyzed. The author's definitions of the concepts "intellectual property", "intellectual property right" and "enforcement of intellectual property rights" are offered. Emphasis is placed on the fact that in order to properly ensure intellectual property rights in Ukraine, it is first necessary to create and implement clear and effective legal regulation in this area. It is emphasized that not all methods and means of ensuring intellectual property rights, which have demonstrated success in certain countries, will be suitable for use in Ukraine. 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Examples of the most successful experience of developed and democratic foreign countries in the field of legal support of intellectual property rights are considered. The potential of future introduction of one or another successful foreign example or the approach on which it is based into the Ukrainian social and legal realities is analyzed. The author's definitions of the concepts \"intellectual property\", \"intellectual property right\" and \"enforcement of intellectual property rights\" are offered. Emphasis is placed on the fact that in order to properly ensure intellectual property rights in Ukraine, it is first necessary to create and implement clear and effective legal regulation in this area. It is emphasized that not all methods and means of ensuring intellectual property rights, which have demonstrated success in certain countries, will be suitable for use in Ukraine. 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Chris also holds a B.A. in Political Science and a minor in African-American Studies from the University of California... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_31964687" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Chris Batiste-Boykin recently graduated from the University of San Francisco with dual JD and MBA degrees in May 2016. Chris also holds a B.A. in Political Science and a minor in African-American Studies from the University of California at Berkeley. The purpose of this paper was to investigate how technology will shape the law in the coming future especially in light of data collection, automation, algorithms, surveillance techniques and other technological advancements that shape how we interact with each other. As legal scholarship, it investigates a common data collection practice and proposes how judges may gain a deeper understanding of the law that protects long standing values within society, to apply to technology regardless of our ability to use technology to do, say, think, act, move, faster, with more impact than ever before.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/31964687" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="d516a312e2a6d021af0934864b7d6a7b" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":52238874,"asset_id":31964687,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/52238874/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0OTA1Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="26422672" href="https://usfca.academia.edu/ChrisBatisteBoykin">Chris Batiste-Boykin</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="26422672" type="text/json">{"id":26422672,"first_name":"Chris","last_name":"Batiste-Boykin","domain_name":"usfca","page_name":"ChrisBatisteBoykin","display_name":"Chris Batiste-Boykin","profile_url":"https://usfca.academia.edu/ChrisBatisteBoykin?f_ri=13151","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/26422672/7325383/8238397/s65_chris.batiste-boykin.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_31964687 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="31964687"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 31964687, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_31964687", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=31964687]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_31964687").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_31964687").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="31964687"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="923" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Technology">Technology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="923" type="text/json">{"id":923,"name":"Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Technology?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2858" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Popular_Culture">Popular Culture</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2858" type="text/json">{"id":2858,"name":"Popular Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Popular_Culture?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="13151" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Law">Intellectual Property Law</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="13151" type="text/json">{"id":13151,"name":"Intellectual Property Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="60798" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Surveillance_personal_data_social_sorting_privacy_camera_surveillance_identification_systems_i">Surveillance, personal data, social sorting, privacy, camera surveillance, identification systems, internet surveillance, biometrics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="60798" type="text/json">{"id":60798,"name":"Surveillance, personal data, social sorting, privacy, camera surveillance, identification systems, internet surveillance, biometrics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Surveillance_personal_data_social_sorting_privacy_camera_surveillance_identification_systems_i?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=31964687]'), work: {"id":31964687,"title":"In Re Google Inc.: ECPA, Consent, and the Ordinary Course of Business in an Automated World","created_at":"2017-03-21T08:07:52.378-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/31964687/In_Re_Google_Inc_ECPA_Consent_and_the_Ordinary_Course_of_Business_in_an_Automated_World?f_ri=13151","dom_id":"work_31964687","summary":"Chris Batiste-Boykin recently graduated from the University of San Francisco with dual JD and MBA degrees in May 2016. Chris also holds a B.A. in Political Science and a minor in African-American Studies from the University of California at Berkeley. The purpose of this paper was to investigate how technology will shape the law in the coming future especially in light of data collection, automation, algorithms, surveillance techniques and other technological advancements that shape how we interact with each other. As legal scholarship, it investigates a common data collection practice and proposes how judges may gain a deeper understanding of the law that protects long standing values within society, to apply to technology regardless of our ability to use technology to do, say, think, act, move, faster, with more impact than ever before. ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":52238874,"asset_id":31964687,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":26422672,"first_name":"Chris","last_name":"Batiste-Boykin","domain_name":"usfca","page_name":"ChrisBatisteBoykin","display_name":"Chris Batiste-Boykin","profile_url":"https://usfca.academia.edu/ChrisBatisteBoykin?f_ri=13151","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/26422672/7325383/8238397/s65_chris.batiste-boykin.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":923,"name":"Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Technology?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":2858,"name":"Popular Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Popular_Culture?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":13151,"name":"Intellectual Property Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":60798,"name":"Surveillance, personal data, social sorting, privacy, camera surveillance, identification systems, internet surveillance, biometrics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Surveillance_personal_data_social_sorting_privacy_camera_surveillance_identification_systems_i?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":610496,"name":"Security and Surveillance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Security_and_Surveillance?f_ri=13151"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_28413008" data-work_id="28413008" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/28413008/Documentation_and_Digitization_of_Traditional_Knowledge_and_Intangible_Cultural_Heritage_Challenges_and_Prospects">Documentation and Digitization of Traditional Knowledge and Intangible Cultural Heritage: Challenges and Prospects</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/28413008" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f0e647b137affd1d1c5b45d0b47f36ae" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":48754229,"asset_id":28413008,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/48754229/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0OTA1Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="27510476" href="https://uottawa.academia.edu/ChidiOguamanam">Chidi Oguamanam</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="27510476" type="text/json">{"id":27510476,"first_name":"Chidi","last_name":"Oguamanam","domain_name":"uottawa","page_name":"ChidiOguamanam","display_name":"Chidi Oguamanam","profile_url":"https://uottawa.academia.edu/ChidiOguamanam?f_ri=13151","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_28413008 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="28413008"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 28413008, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_28413008", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=28413008]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_28413008").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_28413008").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="28413008"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="967" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property">Intellectual Property</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="967" type="text/json">{"id":967,"name":"Intellectual Property","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2132" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Heritage">Cultural Heritage</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2132" type="text/json">{"id":2132,"name":"Cultural Heritage","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Heritage?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="13151" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Law">Intellectual Property Law</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="13151" type="text/json">{"id":13151,"name":"Intellectual Property Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="31239" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Traditional_Knowledge">Traditional Knowledge</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="31239" type="text/json">{"id":31239,"name":"Traditional Knowledge","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Traditional_Knowledge?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=28413008]'), work: {"id":28413008,"title":"Documentation and Digitization of Traditional Knowledge and Intangible Cultural Heritage: Challenges and Prospects","created_at":"2016-09-11T11:30:18.887-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/28413008/Documentation_and_Digitization_of_Traditional_Knowledge_and_Intangible_Cultural_Heritage_Challenges_and_Prospects?f_ri=13151","dom_id":"work_28413008","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":48754229,"asset_id":28413008,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":27510476,"first_name":"Chidi","last_name":"Oguamanam","domain_name":"uottawa","page_name":"ChidiOguamanam","display_name":"Chidi Oguamanam","profile_url":"https://uottawa.academia.edu/ChidiOguamanam?f_ri=13151","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":967,"name":"Intellectual Property","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":2132,"name":"Cultural Heritage","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Heritage?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":13151,"name":"Intellectual Property Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":31239,"name":"Traditional Knowledge","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Traditional_Knowledge?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_21073641" data-work_id="21073641" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/21073641/Bioprospection_enjeux_scientifiques_et_risques_juridiques">Bioprospection : enjeux scientifiques et risques juridiques</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">La bioprospection peut être définie comme l’inventaire et l’évaluation des éléments constitutifs de la diversité biologique ou biodiversité d’un écosystème particulier. Cette démarche présente un intérêt scientifique certain pour la... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_21073641" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">La bioprospection peut être définie comme l’inventaire et l’évaluation des éléments constitutifs de la diversité biologique ou biodiversité d’un écosystème particulier. Cette démarche présente un intérêt scientifique certain pour la connaissance de la biodiversité, son utilisation durable et le cas échéant sa valorisation (produits pharmaceutiques, cosmétiques, nouvelles variétés végétales, etc.). Effectuée en collaboration avec les populations autochtones et locales détentrices de connaissances associées aux ressources, la bioprospection a permis des avancées considérables. Il s’agit néanmoins d’activités qui ont parfois été très critiquées en raison des conditions d’accès et d’utilisation des ressources et des conditions de collaborations avec les populations détentrices de savoirs. Ainsi, entre bioprospection et biopiraterie la frontière est parfois difficile à définir et très souvent difficile à appréhender pour les chercheuses et les chercheurs.<br /><br /><br />Durant cet atelier, j’aborderai des cas récents de bioprospection, en particulier le cas du brevet « Utilisation de l’acide rosmarinique et de ses dérivés pour traiter la ciguatéra » et le brevet « Simalikalactone e et son utilisation comme médicament ». Il s’agira de décortiquer les différentes phases de ces projets, de la collecte jusqu’à la valorisation des résultats afin de mettre en évidence les enjeux scientifiques, éthiques et juridiques associés à ces cas.<br /><br /><br />Une analyse du cadre juridique au sein duquel évoluent les bioprospecteurs sera présentée. Cela sera l’occasion de mettre en évidence le caractère complexe de ce cadre ainsi que la position inconfortable dans laquelle il place les chercheuses et les chercheuses.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/21073641" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a85b26dabe7fbb0e13179763bef2e91b" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":41702089,"asset_id":21073641,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/41702089/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0OTA1Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1966439" href="https://uottawa.academia.edu/ThomasBURELLI">Thomas BURELLI</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1966439" type="text/json">{"id":1966439,"first_name":"Thomas","last_name":"BURELLI","domain_name":"uottawa","page_name":"ThomasBURELLI","display_name":"Thomas BURELLI","profile_url":"https://uottawa.academia.edu/ThomasBURELLI?f_ri=13151","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1966439/1649302/15922482/s65_thomas.burelli.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_21073641 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="21073641"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 21073641, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_21073641", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=21073641]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_21073641").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_21073641").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="21073641"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">10</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="814" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethics">Ethics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="814" type="text/json">{"id":814,"name":"Ethics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethics?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="967" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property">Intellectual Property</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="967" type="text/json">{"id":967,"name":"Intellectual Property","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7649" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Traditional_Ecological_Knowledge">Traditional Ecological Knowledge</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7649" type="text/json">{"id":7649,"name":"Traditional Ecological Knowledge","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Traditional_Ecological_Knowledge?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7682" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Patents">Patents</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="7682" type="text/json">{"id":7682,"name":"Patents","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Patents?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=21073641]'), work: {"id":21073641,"title":"Bioprospection : enjeux scientifiques et risques juridiques","created_at":"2016-01-28T14:38:09.057-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/21073641/Bioprospection_enjeux_scientifiques_et_risques_juridiques?f_ri=13151","dom_id":"work_21073641","summary":"La bioprospection peut être définie comme l’inventaire et l’évaluation des éléments constitutifs de la diversité biologique ou biodiversité d’un écosystème particulier. Cette démarche présente un intérêt scientifique certain pour la connaissance de la biodiversité, son utilisation durable et le cas échéant sa valorisation (produits pharmaceutiques, cosmétiques, nouvelles variétés végétales, etc.). Effectuée en collaboration avec les populations autochtones et locales détentrices de connaissances associées aux ressources, la bioprospection a permis des avancées considérables. Il s’agit néanmoins d’activités qui ont parfois été très critiquées en raison des conditions d’accès et d’utilisation des ressources et des conditions de collaborations avec les populations détentrices de savoirs. Ainsi, entre bioprospection et biopiraterie la frontière est parfois difficile à définir et très souvent difficile à appréhender pour les chercheuses et les chercheurs.\n\n\nDurant cet atelier, j’aborderai des cas récents de bioprospection, en particulier le cas du brevet « Utilisation de l’acide rosmarinique et de ses dérivés pour traiter la ciguatéra » et le brevet « Simalikalactone e et son utilisation comme médicament ». Il s’agira de décortiquer les différentes phases de ces projets, de la collecte jusqu’à la valorisation des résultats afin de mettre en évidence les enjeux scientifiques, éthiques et juridiques associés à ces cas.\n\n\nUne analyse du cadre juridique au sein duquel évoluent les bioprospecteurs sera présentée. Cela sera l’occasion de mettre en évidence le caractère complexe de ce cadre ainsi que la position inconfortable dans laquelle il place les chercheuses et les chercheuses. ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":41702089,"asset_id":21073641,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1966439,"first_name":"Thomas","last_name":"BURELLI","domain_name":"uottawa","page_name":"ThomasBURELLI","display_name":"Thomas BURELLI","profile_url":"https://uottawa.academia.edu/ThomasBURELLI?f_ri=13151","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1966439/1649302/15922482/s65_thomas.burelli.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":814,"name":"Ethics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethics?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":967,"name":"Intellectual Property","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":7649,"name":"Traditional Ecological Knowledge","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Traditional_Ecological_Knowledge?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":7682,"name":"Patents","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Patents?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":13151,"name":"Intellectual Property Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Law?f_ri=13151"},{"id":19018,"name":"New Caledonia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_Caledonia?f_ri=13151"},{"id":31239,"name":"Traditional Knowledge","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Traditional_Knowledge?f_ri=13151"},{"id":85335,"name":"Biopiracy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biopiracy?f_ri=13151"},{"id":88069,"name":"Bioprospecting","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bioprospecting?f_ri=13151"},{"id":101683,"name":"Patent Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Patent_Law?f_ri=13151"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_11258217" data-work_id="11258217" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/11258217/Penalty_Fair_A_study_of_criminal_sanctions_for_copyright_infringement_available_under_the_Copyright_Designs_and_Patent_Act_1988">Penalty Fair? A study of criminal sanctions for copyright infringement available under the Copyright, Designs and Patent Act 1988.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This study was commissioned by the UK Intellectual Property Office (IPO) to provide an evidence-based view on whether the criminal sanctions for copyright infringement available under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 (CDPA... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_11258217" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This study was commissioned by the UK Intellectual Property Office (IPO) to provide an evidence-based view on whether the criminal sanctions for copyright infringement available under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 (CDPA 1988) are proportionate and utilised. <br /> <br />The study focus is on the difference in the sanctions available for copyright infringement that apply to online criminal activity – often referred to as ‘piracy’ - compared with those relating to physical goods. <br /> <br />The research gathers quantitative data from 2006-13, qualitative views and evidence from stakeholders.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/11258217" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="adf1afccc1438e0135e938b03f226a08" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":36853480,"asset_id":11258217,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/36853480/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0OTA1Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="2462259" href="https://independent.academia.edu/IanGoodyer">Ian Goodyer</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="2462259" type="text/json">{"id":2462259,"first_name":"Ian","last_name":"Goodyer","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"IanGoodyer","display_name":"Ian Goodyer","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/IanGoodyer?f_ri=13151","photo":"https://gravatar.com/avatar/932fece8b18ead73add6a97f1ce704cb?s=65"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_11258217 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="11258217"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 11258217, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_11258217", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11258217]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_11258217").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_11258217").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="11258217"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">14</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="535" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Criminal_Law-1">Criminal Law</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="535" type="text/json">{"id":535,"name":"Criminal Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Criminal_Law-1?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="967" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property">Intellectual Property</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="967" type="text/json">{"id":967,"name":"Intellectual Property","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7685" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Copyright">Copyright</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7685" type="text/json">{"id":7685,"name":"Copyright","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Copyright?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9972" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Copyright_Law_">Copyright (Law)</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="9972" type="text/json">{"id":9972,"name":"Copyright (Law)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Copyright_Law_?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=11258217]'), work: {"id":11258217,"title":"Penalty Fair? A study of criminal sanctions for copyright infringement available under the Copyright, Designs and Patent Act 1988.","created_at":"2015-03-04T03:54:19.200-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/11258217/Penalty_Fair_A_study_of_criminal_sanctions_for_copyright_infringement_available_under_the_Copyright_Designs_and_Patent_Act_1988?f_ri=13151","dom_id":"work_11258217","summary":"This study was commissioned by the UK Intellectual Property Office (IPO) to provide an evidence-based view on whether the criminal sanctions for copyright infringement available under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 (CDPA 1988) are proportionate and utilised.\r\n\r\nThe study focus is on the difference in the sanctions available for copyright infringement that apply to online criminal activity – often referred to as ‘piracy’ - compared with those relating to physical goods.\r\n\r\nThe research gathers quantitative data from 2006-13, qualitative views and evidence from stakeholders.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":36853480,"asset_id":11258217,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":2462259,"first_name":"Ian","last_name":"Goodyer","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"IanGoodyer","display_name":"Ian Goodyer","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/IanGoodyer?f_ri=13151","photo":"https://gravatar.com/avatar/932fece8b18ead73add6a97f1ce704cb?s=65"}],"research_interests":[{"id":535,"name":"Criminal Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Criminal_Law-1?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":967,"name":"Intellectual Property","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":7685,"name":"Copyright","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Copyright?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":9972,"name":"Copyright (Law)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Copyright_Law_?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":13151,"name":"Intellectual Property Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Law?f_ri=13151"},{"id":18838,"name":"Digital Copyright","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Digital_Copyright?f_ri=13151"},{"id":22464,"name":"Intellectual Property Rights","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Rights?f_ri=13151"},{"id":44047,"name":"Copyright and intellectual property","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Copyright_and_intellectual_property?f_ri=13151"},{"id":54715,"name":"The Futur of Copyright at the Digital Era","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_Futur_of_Copyright_at_the_Digital_Era?f_ri=13151"},{"id":90776,"name":"Copyright Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Copyright_Law?f_ri=13151"},{"id":114840,"name":"Phonographic Industry, Copyrights And New Scenarios for Digital Music Sells.","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonographic_Industry_Copyrights_And_New_Scenarios_for_Digital_Music_Sells?f_ri=13151"},{"id":193777,"name":"Copyright infringement","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Copyright_infringement?f_ri=13151"},{"id":216154,"name":"Music Copyright Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Music_Copyright_Law?f_ri=13151"},{"id":842875,"name":"Internet File Sharing and Copyright Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Internet_File_Sharing_and_Copyright_Law?f_ri=13151"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_5265335" data-work_id="5265335" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/5265335/Can_the_eBays_Community_Review_Forum_fairly_resolve_disputes_">Can the eBay's Community Review Forum fairly resolve disputes ?</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/5265335" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f50f03ad883baf655da6c9469edc9e5b" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":32442992,"asset_id":5265335,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/32442992/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0OTA1Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="7221890" href="https://leidenuniv.academia.edu/DanielDimov">Daniel Dimov</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="7221890" type="text/json">{"id":7221890,"first_name":"Daniel","last_name":"Dimov","domain_name":"leidenuniv","page_name":"DanielDimov","display_name":"Daniel Dimov","profile_url":"https://leidenuniv.academia.edu/DanielDimov?f_ri=13151","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/7221890/2692795/3134481/s65_daniel.dimov.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_5265335 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="5265335"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 5265335, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_5265335", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_5265335 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 5265335; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = 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href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property">Intellectual Property</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="967" type="text/json">{"id":967,"name":"Intellectual Property","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2098" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Contract_Law">Contract Law</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="2098" type="text/json">{"id":2098,"name":"Contract Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Contract_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=5265335]'), work: {"id":5265335,"title":"Can the eBay's Community Review Forum fairly resolve disputes 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class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="2506425" href="https://lancaster.academia.edu/ChristopherMay">Christopher May</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="2506425" type="text/json">{"id":2506425,"first_name":"Christopher","last_name":"May","domain_name":"lancaster","page_name":"ChristopherMay","display_name":"Christopher May","profile_url":"https://lancaster.academia.edu/ChristopherMay?f_ri=13151","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2506425/782757/972800/s65_christopher.may.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_47849798 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="47849798"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 47849798, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_47849798", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_47849798 InlineList-item 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u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_44935207 coauthored" data-work_id="44935207" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/44935207/Crowdsourcing_the_Built_Environment">Crowdsourcing the Built Environment</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Premise - Crowdsourcing the Built Environment The voice of “the crowd” holds meaning like never before. The advent of network technologies and digital platforms invite the public to participate in the process of collective creation.... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_44935207" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Premise - Crowdsourcing the Built Environment<br /><br />The voice of “the crowd” holds meaning like never before. The advent of network technologies and digital platforms invite the public to participate in the process of collective creation. “Crowdsourcing” is more than an abstract idea. Already it has informed the creation of two signature public projects in New York, and it promises to change the way the public can interact with the design of the built environment. What effect will this new media have on the way cities evolve?<br /><br /><br />Foreword - Innovation in Practice<br />by Brian Vargo, Executive Editor<br /><br />In real estate, ‘innovation’ can be precarious. The industry typically standardizes the spectrum of the built environment into defined asset classes and product types, often confined by conventional financing and public policy. To many, the prospect of ‘innovation’ invites undue peril. Why subject the already risk-prone process of building or operating real estate to additional uncertainty?<br />Others see ‘innovation’ as the impetus of creating economic value. Beyond real estate, ‘innovation’ is a cornerstone of the modern economy and holds both cultural and practical implications. Many herald changing trends in the demand for real estate as a new generation takes hold, often pairing the ‘innovation economy’ with the ‘disruptive economy.’ Innovation is by its own definition unsettling; it can invoke a fundamental questioning of norms, disruptive of established principle in the pursuit of unique value. Yet not all novel ideas last forever, and only time will distinguish whether an innovative concept is fleeting or substantive.<br /><br />If real estate follows a basis of standardization, and innovation is naturally disruptive, what is innovation in real estate? What is the conflict between real estate and innovation, and how is it challenged, overcome, or resolved? What is the value of innovation in the design and development of the built environment, and how does one find it?<br /><br />The 2015 Harvard Journal of Real Estate takes aim at those questions. This year’s Journal features 11 authors from programs across Harvard University, each with distinct approaches to the various facets of the real estate industry. The authors investigate a range of subjects under the umbrella of innovative practice, including opportunistic investment strategies, creative financing mechanisms, progressive public policy, and case studies in unique approaches to real estate development. Following each article is a review written by an invited academic or leading practitioner with a background in the same topic.<br /><br />The real estate industry faces new frontiers, and its evolution will require many voices. Collectively, these authors investigate the value of innovation in practice, inviting both new ideas and opportunities for further discourse.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/44935207" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="0fb5e43598bd45d330206cfb4766f579" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":65462112,"asset_id":44935207,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/65462112/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0OTA1Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="60430143" href="https://usc.academia.edu/WendyFok">Wendy W Fok</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="60430143" type="text/json">{"id":60430143,"first_name":"Wendy","last_name":"Fok","domain_name":"usc","page_name":"WendyFok","display_name":"Wendy W Fok","profile_url":"https://usc.academia.edu/WendyFok?f_ri=13151","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/60430143/15740973/38867748/s65_wendy.fok.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-44935207">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-44935207"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://harvard.academia.edu/WendyWFok">Wendy W Fok</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-44935207'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-44935207').html(); 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container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_44935207 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="44935207"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 44935207; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=44935207]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_44935207").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_44935207").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="44935207"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">13</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="41" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Real_Estate">Real Estate</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="41" type="text/json">{"id":41,"name":"Real Estate","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Real_Estate?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="967" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property">Intellectual Property</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="967" type="text/json">{"id":967,"name":"Intellectual Property","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="988" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design">Design</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="988" type="text/json">{"id":988,"name":"Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1372" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Architecture">Architecture</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1372" type="text/json">{"id":1372,"name":"Architecture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Architecture?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=44935207]'), work: {"id":44935207,"title":"Crowdsourcing the Built Environment","created_at":"2021-01-19T07:02:58.175-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/44935207/Crowdsourcing_the_Built_Environment?f_ri=13151","dom_id":"work_44935207","summary":"Premise - Crowdsourcing the Built Environment\n\nThe voice of “the crowd” holds meaning like never before. The advent of network technologies and digital platforms invite the public to participate in the process of collective creation. “Crowdsourcing” is more than an abstract idea. Already it has informed the creation of two signature public projects in New York, and it promises to change the way the public can interact with the design of the built environment. What effect will this new media have on the way cities evolve?\n\n\nForeword - Innovation in Practice\nby Brian Vargo, Executive Editor\n\nIn real estate, ‘innovation’ can be precarious. The industry typically standardizes the spectrum of the built environment into defined asset classes and product types, often confined by conventional financing and public policy. To many, the prospect of ‘innovation’ invites undue peril. Why subject the already risk-prone process of building or operating real estate to additional uncertainty?\nOthers see ‘innovation’ as the impetus of creating economic value. Beyond real estate, ‘innovation’ is a cornerstone of the modern economy and holds both cultural and practical implications. Many herald changing trends in the demand for real estate as a new generation takes hold, often pairing the ‘innovation economy’ with the ‘disruptive economy.’ Innovation is by its own definition unsettling; it can invoke a fundamental questioning of norms, disruptive of established principle in the pursuit of unique value. Yet not all novel ideas last forever, and only time will distinguish whether an innovative concept is fleeting or substantive.\n\nIf real estate follows a basis of standardization, and innovation is naturally disruptive, what is innovation in real estate? What is the conflict between real estate and innovation, and how is it challenged, overcome, or resolved? What is the value of innovation in the design and development of the built environment, and how does one find it?\n\nThe 2015 Harvard Journal of Real Estate takes aim at those questions. This year’s Journal features 11 authors from programs across Harvard University, each with distinct approaches to the various facets of the real estate industry. The authors investigate a range of subjects under the umbrella of innovative practice, including opportunistic investment strategies, creative financing mechanisms, progressive public policy, and case studies in unique approaches to real estate development. Following each article is a review written by an invited academic or leading practitioner with a background in the same topic.\n\nThe real estate industry faces new frontiers, and its evolution will require many voices. Collectively, these authors investigate the value of innovation in practice, inviting both new ideas and opportunities for further discourse.\n\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":65462112,"asset_id":44935207,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":60430143,"first_name":"Wendy","last_name":"Fok","domain_name":"usc","page_name":"WendyFok","display_name":"Wendy W Fok","profile_url":"https://usc.academia.edu/WendyFok?f_ri=13151","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/60430143/15740973/38867748/s65_wendy.fok.jpg"},{"id":11810463,"first_name":"Wendy W","last_name":"Fok","domain_name":"harvard","page_name":"WendyWFok","display_name":"Wendy W Fok","profile_url":"https://harvard.academia.edu/WendyWFok?f_ri=13151","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/11810463/7719833/39515971/s65_wendy_w.fok.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":41,"name":"Real Estate","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Real_Estate?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":967,"name":"Intellectual Property","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":988,"name":"Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":1372,"name":"Architecture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Architecture?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":2869,"name":"Digital Media","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Digital_Media?f_ri=13151"},{"id":3688,"name":"Property Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Property_Law?f_ri=13151"},{"id":4001,"name":"Common Property","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Common_Property?f_ri=13151"},{"id":7685,"name":"Copyright","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Copyright?f_ri=13151"},{"id":13151,"name":"Intellectual Property Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Law?f_ri=13151"},{"id":18838,"name":"Digital Copyright","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Digital_Copyright?f_ri=13151"},{"id":21327,"name":"Sustainable Architecture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sustainable_Architecture?f_ri=13151"},{"id":21556,"name":"Crowdsourcing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Crowdsourcing?f_ri=13151"},{"id":44047,"name":"Copyright and intellectual property","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Copyright_and_intellectual_property?f_ri=13151"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_34853543" data-work_id="34853543" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/34853543/Az_%C3%B6nvezet%C5%91_aut%C3%B3_szoftvere_magas_szint%C5%B1_szellemi_alkot%C3%A1s_vagy_kifinomult_k%C3%A1rokoz%C3%B3">Az önvezető autó szoftvere magas szintű szellemi alkotás vagy kifinomult károkozó?</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">1. Bevezetés, fogalmi alapvetések Az autóipar számára jelenleg az önvezető autók mutatják az irányt. Nem tudható, hogy ebből belátható időn belül további vezetéssegítő vagy fejlett co-pilot szolgáltatások, esetleg teljesen automatizált... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_34853543" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">1. Bevezetés, fogalmi alapvetések Az autóipar számára jelenleg az önvezető autók mutatják az irányt. Nem tudható, hogy ebből belátható időn belül további vezetéssegítő vagy fejlett co-pilot szolgáltatások, esetleg teljesen automatizált rendszerek sokasága nő ki. Egyes források szerint 2035-re már több mint 50 millió önvezető jármű lesz az utakon szerte a világon. 2 A legfrissebb fejlemények közé tartozik, hogy az NVIDIA bejelentette, hogy a legmagasabb, 4-es szintű automatizálást megvalósító technológiát fejleszt 2018-ra, az Audi bejelentése szerint 2020-ra elérhető lesz az önvezető autójuk, a Delphi és a MobilEye szintén 4-es szintű rendszer elérését jelentették be 2019-re, míg pl. a Ford a teljesen automatizált rendszert 2021-re tervezi bevezetni a piacra, a Volkswagen pedig 2019-ben. 3 A Business Insider legfrissebb elemzése pedig már 18 céget vett górcső alá annak eldöntése érdekében, hogy melyiküknek van a legnagyobb esélye elsőként automatizált vezetőrendszerrel ellátott autókat az utakra küldeni 4. Megállapítható tehát, hogy a jövő az autóink ablakán kopogtat, és ez a jövő kényelmesebb (más célra felhasználható) utazási idővel és nagyobb biztonsággal kecsegtet, kiküszöbölheti pl. a vezető fáradtsága vagy figyelmetlensége miatt okozott baleseteket (a WHO felmérése szerint évente körülbelül 1,25 millióan halnak meg közúti balesetben). 5 Egyes szerzők szerint elősegítheti továbbá a 1 Jelen tanulmány a 2017.06.01-én az NMHH Médiatudományi Intézet honlapján megjelent " Az önvezető autókkal kapcsolatos szerzői jogi és felelősségi kérdések c. tanulmány átdolgozott (javított, frissített és kibővített) változata.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/34853543" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="bac3dbd687114b0db44663593be337c1" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":54712143,"asset_id":34853543,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54712143/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0OTA1Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="54655689" href="https://independent.academia.edu/SomkutasPeter">Somkutas Peter</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="54655689" type="text/json">{"id":54655689,"first_name":"Somkutas","last_name":"Peter","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"SomkutasPeter","display_name":"Somkutas Peter","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SomkutasPeter?f_ri=13151","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/54655689/18581269/18547605/s65_somkutas.peter.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_34853543 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="34853543"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 34853543, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_34853543", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_34853543 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34853543; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_34853543"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_34853543 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="34853543"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34853543; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34853543]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_34853543").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_34853543").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="34853543"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="548" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_Law">Civil Law</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="548" type="text/json">{"id":548,"name":"Civil Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2575" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Law">International Law</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2575" type="text/json">{"id":2575,"name":"International Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="13151" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Law">Intellectual Property Law</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="13151" type="text/json">{"id":13151,"name":"Intellectual Property Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="389775" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Product_Liability_Law">Product Liability Law</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="389775" type="text/json">{"id":389775,"name":"Product Liability Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Product_Liability_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=34853543]'), work: {"id":34853543,"title":"Az önvezető autó szoftvere magas szintű szellemi alkotás vagy kifinomult károkozó?","created_at":"2017-10-13T14:28:55.984-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/34853543/Az_%C3%B6nvezet%C5%91_aut%C3%B3_szoftvere_magas_szint%C5%B1_szellemi_alkot%C3%A1s_vagy_kifinomult_k%C3%A1rokoz%C3%B3?f_ri=13151","dom_id":"work_34853543","summary":"1. Bevezetés, fogalmi alapvetések Az autóipar számára jelenleg az önvezető autók mutatják az irányt. Nem tudható, hogy ebből belátható időn belül további vezetéssegítő vagy fejlett co-pilot szolgáltatások, esetleg teljesen automatizált rendszerek sokasága nő ki. Egyes források szerint 2035-re már több mint 50 millió önvezető jármű lesz az utakon szerte a világon. 2 A legfrissebb fejlemények közé tartozik, hogy az NVIDIA bejelentette, hogy a legmagasabb, 4-es szintű automatizálást megvalósító technológiát fejleszt 2018-ra, az Audi bejelentése szerint 2020-ra elérhető lesz az önvezető autójuk, a Delphi és a MobilEye szintén 4-es szintű rendszer elérését jelentették be 2019-re, míg pl. a Ford a teljesen automatizált rendszert 2021-re tervezi bevezetni a piacra, a Volkswagen pedig 2019-ben. 3 A Business Insider legfrissebb elemzése pedig már 18 céget vett górcső alá annak eldöntése érdekében, hogy melyiküknek van a legnagyobb esélye elsőként automatizált vezetőrendszerrel ellátott autókat az utakra küldeni 4. Megállapítható tehát, hogy a jövő az autóink ablakán kopogtat, és ez a jövő kényelmesebb (más célra felhasználható) utazási idővel és nagyobb biztonsággal kecsegtet, kiküszöbölheti pl. a vezető fáradtsága vagy figyelmetlensége miatt okozott baleseteket (a WHO felmérése szerint évente körülbelül 1,25 millióan halnak meg közúti balesetben). 5 Egyes szerzők szerint elősegítheti továbbá a 1 Jelen tanulmány a 2017.06.01-én az NMHH Médiatudományi Intézet honlapján megjelent \" Az önvezető autókkal kapcsolatos szerzői jogi és felelősségi kérdések c. tanulmány átdolgozott (javított, frissített és kibővített) változata.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54712143,"asset_id":34853543,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":54655689,"first_name":"Somkutas","last_name":"Peter","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"SomkutasPeter","display_name":"Somkutas Peter","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SomkutasPeter?f_ri=13151","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/54655689/18581269/18547605/s65_somkutas.peter.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":548,"name":"Civil Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":2575,"name":"International Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":13151,"name":"Intellectual Property Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":389775,"name":"Product Liability Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Product_Liability_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":692995,"name":"Software Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Software_Law?f_ri=13151"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_33688085" data-work_id="33688085" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/33688085/Applying_the_EU_Data_Protection_Directive_on_Profiling_Technology_pdf">Applying the EU Data Protection Directive on Profiling Technology.pdf</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Data Profiling which aims to categorize people to decide their eligibility for certain services, inter alia social and economic services, where an automated decision is taken by computers based on people’s profiles. These decisions may... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_33688085" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Data Profiling which aims to categorize people to decide their eligibility for certain services, inter alia social and economic services, where an automated decision is taken by computers based on people’s profiles. These decisions may pose risks to people’s lives without their awareness, or they might know only when negative consequences occur to them. This may rise questions regarding personal data protection when analyzing such data then categorizing it into different profiles. It also challenges the main principles of the EU Data Protection Directive in a way that makes the directive insufficient to provide protection to data subjects against such profiling risks.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/33688085" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="46755979d0ca278b1a61bcf1d1dab21b" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":53691719,"asset_id":33688085,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53691719/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0OTA1Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="65956382" href="https://independent.academia.edu/Fady_Emil">Fady Emil</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="65956382" type="text/json">{"id":65956382,"first_name":"Fady","last_name":"Emil","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"Fady_Emil","display_name":"Fady Emil","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/Fady_Emil?f_ri=13151","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_33688085 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="33688085"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 33688085, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_33688085", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_33688085 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33688085; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_33688085"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_33688085 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="33688085"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33688085; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33688085]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_33688085").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_33688085").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="33688085"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">12</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7074" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Internet_Law">Internet Law</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7074" type="text/json">{"id":7074,"name":"Internet Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Internet_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7682" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Patents">Patents</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7682" type="text/json">{"id":7682,"name":"Patents","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Patents?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7685" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Copyright">Copyright</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7685" type="text/json">{"id":7685,"name":"Copyright","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Copyright?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="13151" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Law">Intellectual Property Law</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="13151" type="text/json">{"id":13151,"name":"Intellectual Property Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=33688085]'), work: {"id":33688085,"title":"Applying the EU Data Protection Directive on Profiling Technology.pdf","created_at":"2017-06-28T09:53:08.798-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/33688085/Applying_the_EU_Data_Protection_Directive_on_Profiling_Technology_pdf?f_ri=13151","dom_id":"work_33688085","summary":"Data Profiling which aims to categorize people to decide their eligibility for certain services, inter alia social and economic services, where an automated decision is taken by computers based on people’s profiles. These decisions may pose risks to people’s lives without their awareness, or they might know only when negative consequences occur to them. This may rise questions regarding personal data protection when analyzing such data then categorizing it into different profiles. It also challenges the main principles of the EU Data Protection Directive in a way that makes the directive insufficient to provide protection to data subjects against such profiling risks.\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":53691719,"asset_id":33688085,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":65956382,"first_name":"Fady","last_name":"Emil","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"Fady_Emil","display_name":"Fady Emil","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/Fady_Emil?f_ri=13151","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":7074,"name":"Internet Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Internet_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":7682,"name":"Patents","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Patents?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":7685,"name":"Copyright","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Copyright?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":13151,"name":"Intellectual Property Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":79104,"name":"World Trade Organization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/World_Trade_Organization?f_ri=13151"},{"id":92007,"name":"Privacy and data protection","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Privacy_and_data_protection?f_ri=13151"},{"id":92618,"name":"Philosophy of Intellectual Property","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy_of_Intellectual_Property?f_ri=13151"},{"id":102389,"name":"International Intellectual Property Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Intellectual_Property_Law?f_ri=13151"},{"id":107490,"name":"Common Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Common_Law?f_ri=13151"},{"id":526128,"name":"Trademark Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Trademark_Law?f_ri=13151"},{"id":764652,"name":"Copyrights Protection","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Copyrights_Protection?f_ri=13151"},{"id":2434893,"name":"Intenational Commercial Arbitration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intenational_Commercial_Arbitration?f_ri=13151"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_66040263" data-work_id="66040263" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/66040263/International_Registration_of_Ip_Rights_and_Innovation_Management_in_a_Globalised_World">International Registration of Ip Rights and Innovation Management in a Globalised World</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Nowadays the system of international protection of IP (intellectual property) rights offers new possibilities for companies to protect its intellectual assets. From all the IP rights we choose to present the case of trademarks and patents... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_66040263" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Nowadays the system of international protection of IP (intellectual property) rights offers new possibilities for companies to protect its intellectual assets. From all the IP rights we choose to present the case of trademarks and patents because they represent important assets for companies and sometimes they are subject of IP rights infringement. In the context of the development of the new means of communications and the new informational technologies companies faces new challenges in regards of IP rights protection. Piracy of products, technologies and trademarks is a highly profitable business undermining the rightful owners of Intellectual Property (IP) rights and thus it diminishes the benefits of innovation. The research explores the trends in IP protection at international level and generates some conclusions for innovation management purposes.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/66040263" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="e7d5161da15fbb71532f66a62661ab77" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":77386549,"asset_id":66040263,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/77386549/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0OTA1Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="101432047" href="https://umftg.academia.edu/NateaMihaela">Mihaela Daciana Natea</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="101432047" type="text/json">{"id":101432047,"first_name":"Mihaela Daciana","last_name":"Natea","domain_name":"umftg","page_name":"NateaMihaela","display_name":"Mihaela Daciana Natea","profile_url":"https://umftg.academia.edu/NateaMihaela?f_ri=13151","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/101432047/22196332/21424895/s65_natea.mihaela.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_66040263 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="66040263"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 66040263, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_66040263", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_66040263 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 66040263; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_66040263"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_66040263 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="66040263"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 66040263; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=66040263]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_66040263").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_66040263").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="66040263"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4524" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sustainable_Development">Sustainable Development</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4524" type="text/json">{"id":4524,"name":"Sustainable Development","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sustainable_Development?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="13151" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Law">Intellectual Property Law</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="13151" type="text/json">{"id":13151,"name":"Intellectual Property Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="18409" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Innovation_and_Knowledge_Managemnt">Innovation and Knowledge Managemnt</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="18409" type="text/json">{"id":18409,"name":"Innovation and Knowledge Managemnt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Innovation_and_Knowledge_Managemnt?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=66040263]'), work: {"id":66040263,"title":"International Registration of Ip Rights and Innovation Management in a Globalised World","created_at":"2021-12-26T12:33:04.269-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/66040263/International_Registration_of_Ip_Rights_and_Innovation_Management_in_a_Globalised_World?f_ri=13151","dom_id":"work_66040263","summary":"Nowadays the system of international protection of IP (intellectual property) rights offers new possibilities for companies to protect its intellectual assets. From all the IP rights we choose to present the case of trademarks and patents because they represent important assets for companies and sometimes they are subject of IP rights infringement. In the context of the development of the new means of communications and the new informational technologies companies faces new challenges in regards of IP rights protection. Piracy of products, technologies and trademarks is a highly profitable business undermining the rightful owners of Intellectual Property (IP) rights and thus it diminishes the benefits of innovation. The research explores the trends in IP protection at international level and generates some conclusions for innovation management purposes.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":77386549,"asset_id":66040263,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":101432047,"first_name":"Mihaela Daciana","last_name":"Natea","domain_name":"umftg","page_name":"NateaMihaela","display_name":"Mihaela Daciana Natea","profile_url":"https://umftg.academia.edu/NateaMihaela?f_ri=13151","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/101432047/22196332/21424895/s65_natea.mihaela.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":4524,"name":"Sustainable Development","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sustainable_Development?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":13151,"name":"Intellectual Property Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":18409,"name":"Innovation and Knowledge Managemnt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Innovation_and_Knowledge_Managemnt?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_40365058" data-work_id="40365058" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/40365058/A_Geopol%C3%ADtica_da_Propriedade_Intelectual_o_Caso_da_Produ%C3%A7%C3%A3o_de_Antirretrovirais_e_o_Licenciamento_Compuls%C3%B3rio_para_Medicamentos">A Geopolítica da Propriedade Intelectual: o Caso da Produção de Antirretrovirais e o Licenciamento Compulsório para Medicamentos</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">O presente artigo busca discutir os sentidos e disputas em torno do licenciamento compulsório para medicamentos no marco da política externa brasileira através de um investimento bibliográfico sobre a produção de antirretrovirais a partir... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_40365058" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">O presente artigo busca discutir os sentidos e disputas em torno do licenciamento compulsório para medicamentos no marco da política externa brasileira através de um investimento bibliográfico sobre a produção de antirretrovirais a partir das reconfigurações do campo suscitadas pelas mais recentes inovações farmacológicas no que diz respeito à busca de uma cura para a Aids e contenção do crescente avanço do HIV.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button 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u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="41667795" href="https://embrapa.academia.edu/SheilaSouza">Sheila de Souza Corrêa de Melo</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="41667795" type="text/json">{"id":41667795,"first_name":"Sheila de Souza Corrêa de","last_name":"Melo","domain_name":"embrapa","page_name":"SheilaSouza","display_name":"Sheila de Souza Corrêa de Melo","profile_url":"https://embrapa.academia.edu/SheilaSouza?f_ri=13151","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/41667795/11418102/12736062/s65_sheila.souza.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_40365058 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="40365058"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong 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data-work-id="40365058"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 40365058; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=40365058]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_40365058").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_40365058").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="40365058"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="967" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property">Intellectual Property</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="967" type="text/json">{"id":967,"name":"Intellectual Property","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="13151" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Law">Intellectual Property Law</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="13151" type="text/json">{"id":13151,"name":"Intellectual Property Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="101683" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Patent_Law">Patent Law</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="101683" type="text/json">{"id":101683,"name":"Patent Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Patent_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="117607" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Technology_Licensing_and_Commercialization">Technology Licensing and Commercialization</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="117607" type="text/json">{"id":117607,"name":"Technology Licensing and Commercialization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Technology_Licensing_and_Commercialization?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=40365058]'), work: {"id":40365058,"title":"A Geopolítica da Propriedade Intelectual: o Caso da Produção de Antirretrovirais e o Licenciamento Compulsório para Medicamentos","created_at":"2019-09-16T05:18:03.672-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/40365058/A_Geopol%C3%ADtica_da_Propriedade_Intelectual_o_Caso_da_Produ%C3%A7%C3%A3o_de_Antirretrovirais_e_o_Licenciamento_Compuls%C3%B3rio_para_Medicamentos?f_ri=13151","dom_id":"work_40365058","summary":"O presente artigo busca discutir os sentidos e disputas em torno do licenciamento compulsório para medicamentos no marco da política externa brasileira através de um investimento bibliográfico sobre a produção de antirretrovirais a partir das reconfigurações do campo suscitadas pelas mais recentes inovações farmacológicas no que diz respeito à busca de uma cura para a Aids e contenção do crescente avanço do HIV.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":60612092,"asset_id":40365058,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":41667795,"first_name":"Sheila de Souza Corrêa de","last_name":"Melo","domain_name":"embrapa","page_name":"SheilaSouza","display_name":"Sheila de Souza Corrêa de Melo","profile_url":"https://embrapa.academia.edu/SheilaSouza?f_ri=13151","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/41667795/11418102/12736062/s65_sheila.souza.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":967,"name":"Intellectual Property","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":13151,"name":"Intellectual Property Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":101683,"name":"Patent Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Patent_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":117607,"name":"Technology Licensing and Commercialization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Technology_Licensing_and_Commercialization?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_43714883" data-work_id="43714883" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/43714883/El_car%C3%A1cter_equitativo_de_la_compensaci%C3%B3n_por_copia_privada_Comentario_a_la_Sentencia_del_Tribunal_de_Justicia_de_la_Uni%C3%B3n_Europea_de_11_de_octubre_de_2010_Caso_Padawan_">El carácter equitativo de la compensación por copia privada. Comentario a la Sentencia del Tribunal de Justicia de la Unión Europea de 11 de octubre de 2010 (Caso Padawan)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">SUMARIO: I. ANTECEDENTES. II. BREVES NOTAS SOBRE EL DERECHO DE COMPENSACIÓN EQUITATIVA EN ESPAÑA. III. CUESTIONES PLANTEADAS AL TRIBUNAL DE JUSTICIA. 1. CONCEPTO DE COMPENSACIÓN EQUITATIVA. ARMONIZACIÓN Y CARÁCTER COMUNITARIO. 2. EL... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_43714883" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">SUMARIO: I. ANTECEDENTES. II. BREVES NOTAS SOBRE EL DERECHO DE COMPENSACIÓN EQUITATIVA EN ESPAÑA. III. CUESTIONES PLANTEADAS AL TRIBUNAL DE JUSTICIA. 1. CONCEPTO DE COMPENSACIÓN EQUITATIVA. ARMONIZACIÓN Y CARÁCTER COMUNITARIO. 2. EL PERJUICIO COMO CRITERIO PARA CALCULAR LA CUANTÍA DE LA COMPENSACIÓN. 3. LA PRESUNCIÓN DE UTILIZACIÓN DE LOS BIENES GRAVADOS. 4. COMPATIBILIDAD DEL SISTEMA ESPAÑOL CON LA DIRECTIVA 2001/29/CE. IV. CONSIDERACIONES FINALES</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/43714883" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="c63669d80995bdc96e42dc47b8df9a53" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":64021566,"asset_id":43714883,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/64021566/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0OTA1Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="3294411" href="https://uam.academia.edu/GemmaMineroAlejandre">Gemma Minero Alejandre</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="3294411" type="text/json">{"id":3294411,"first_name":"Gemma","last_name":"Minero Alejandre","domain_name":"uam","page_name":"GemmaMineroAlejandre","display_name":"Gemma Minero Alejandre","profile_url":"https://uam.academia.edu/GemmaMineroAlejandre?f_ri=13151","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3294411/1095225/35789628/s65_gemma.minero_alejandre.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_43714883 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="43714883"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 43714883, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_43714883", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=43714883]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_43714883").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_43714883").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="43714883"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="967" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property">Intellectual Property</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="967" type="text/json">{"id":967,"name":"Intellectual Property","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="13151" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Law">Intellectual Property Law</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="13151" type="text/json">{"id":13151,"name":"Intellectual Property Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="96041" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Propiedad_Intelectual">Propiedad Intelectual</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="96041" type="text/json">{"id":96041,"name":"Propiedad Intelectual","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Propiedad_Intelectual?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="464027" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Derechos_de_autor">Derechos de autor</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="464027" type="text/json">{"id":464027,"name":"Derechos de autor","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Derechos_de_autor?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=43714883]'), work: {"id":43714883,"title":"El carácter equitativo de la compensación por copia privada. Comentario a la Sentencia del Tribunal de Justicia de la Unión Europea de 11 de octubre de 2010 (Caso Padawan)","created_at":"2020-07-26T03:52:50.033-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/43714883/El_car%C3%A1cter_equitativo_de_la_compensaci%C3%B3n_por_copia_privada_Comentario_a_la_Sentencia_del_Tribunal_de_Justicia_de_la_Uni%C3%B3n_Europea_de_11_de_octubre_de_2010_Caso_Padawan_?f_ri=13151","dom_id":"work_43714883","summary":"SUMARIO: I. ANTECEDENTES. II. BREVES NOTAS SOBRE EL DERECHO DE COMPENSACIÓN EQUITATIVA EN ESPAÑA. III. CUESTIONES PLANTEADAS AL TRIBUNAL DE JUSTICIA. 1. CONCEPTO DE COMPENSACIÓN EQUITATIVA. ARMONIZACIÓN Y CARÁCTER COMUNITARIO. 2. EL PERJUICIO COMO CRITERIO PARA CALCULAR LA CUANTÍA DE LA COMPENSACIÓN. 3. LA PRESUNCIÓN DE UTILIZACIÓN DE LOS BIENES GRAVADOS. 4. COMPATIBILIDAD DEL SISTEMA ESPAÑOL CON LA DIRECTIVA 2001/29/CE. IV. CONSIDERACIONES FINALES","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":64021566,"asset_id":43714883,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":3294411,"first_name":"Gemma","last_name":"Minero Alejandre","domain_name":"uam","page_name":"GemmaMineroAlejandre","display_name":"Gemma Minero Alejandre","profile_url":"https://uam.academia.edu/GemmaMineroAlejandre?f_ri=13151","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3294411/1095225/35789628/s65_gemma.minero_alejandre.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":967,"name":"Intellectual Property","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":13151,"name":"Intellectual Property Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":96041,"name":"Propiedad Intelectual","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Propiedad_Intelectual?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":464027,"name":"Derechos de autor","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Derechos_de_autor?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_34087923" data-work_id="34087923" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/34087923/Palestra_Denominacao_de_Origem_Confraria_Fornace">Palestra Denominacao de Origem Confraria Fornace</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">Apresentação - na confraria do vinho Fornace - sobre indicações geográficas, abordando especialmente as indicações de procedência e as denominações de origem relacionadas aos vinhos. A base normativa é o TRIPs e a Lei 9279.</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/34087923" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="283fc7ae117a6d6383083087002c5edc" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":54020791,"asset_id":34087923,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54020791/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0OTA1Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="986404" href="https://uniube.academia.edu/RODRIGOBARROS">RODRIGO BARROS</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="986404" type="text/json">{"id":986404,"first_name":"RODRIGO","last_name":"BARROS","domain_name":"uniube","page_name":"RODRIGOBARROS","display_name":"RODRIGO BARROS","profile_url":"https://uniube.academia.edu/RODRIGOBARROS?f_ri=13151","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/986404/6609244/14680227/s65_rodrigo.barros.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_34087923 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="34087923"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 34087923, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_34087923", }); 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u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_37285804" data-work_id="37285804" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/37285804/Direitos_de_propriedade_intelectual_e_a_economia_da_obten%C3%A7%C3%A3o_de_lucros_da_inova%C3%A7%C3%A3o_tecnol%C3%B3gica_as_contribui%C3%A7%C3%B5es_de_David_Teece">Direitos de propriedade intelectual e a economia da obtenção de lucros da inovação tecnológica: as contribuições de David Teece</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Em 1986, David Teece publicou o artigo Proting from technological innovation: Implications for integration, collaboration, licensing and public policy, que contribuiu significativamente para o estudo dos impactos das inovações... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_37285804" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Em 1986, David Teece publicou o artigo Proting from technological innovation: Implications for integration, collaboration, licensing and public policy, que contribuiu significativamente para o estudo dos impactos das inovações tecnológicas no mercado. A sua análise da gestão da inovação colaborou na construção de concepções mais realistas da forma, contrapondo-se e aprimorando as perspectivas teóricas mais tradicionais. Como reconhecimento da importância dessa pesquisa, em 2006, a Research Policy, revista na qual foi publicada o referido trabalho, organizou uma edição especial de comemoração dos 20 anos de sua publicação. A relevância daquele artigo se confirma ao saber que, em julho de 2006, ele era o mais citado dos que já foram publicados pela revista, com um total de 681 citações naquela época. Isso se deve à perspectiva interdisciplinar que o autor conferiu à abordagem do tema da inovação, o que acabou garantindo uma dimensão mais ampla do assunto. Nesse contexto, o presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar as contribuições e a atualidade do artigo de David Teece de 1986, especialmente no que tange ao debate relacionado aos direitos de propriedade intelectual. Foi realizada pesquisa teórica que se ancora no diálogo entre o artigo da década de oitenta e alguns autores que publicaram na edição especial da Research Policy de 2006 (vol. 35, nº 8), dentre eles o próprio Teece. O presente trabalho foi, portanto, dividido em duas seções. Na primeira, serão abordados os principais aspectos do artigo de 1986, evidenciando, sobretudo, a visão do autor sobre a importância dos ativos complementares na obtenção de lucros com a inovação e sua interface com os regimes de apropriabilidade. Na segunda, fundamentalmente a partir dos artigos de Gary Pisano, Giovani Dosi, Luigi Marengo, Corrado Pasquali e Richard Nelson publicados na Research Policy, vol. 35, nº 8, (2006), serão expostas as conclusões destes autores e de outros no que tange à aplicação da teoria Profiting from Innovation (PFI) sobre os regimes de apropriabilidade, sob a luz das mudanças contemporâneas na natureza da propriedade intelectual.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/37285804" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="db42d38a0a026f2689c51b832dc79e9e" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":57240871,"asset_id":37285804,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57240871/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0OTA1Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="2553850" href="https://ufmg.academia.edu/FABIANOLARA">Fabiano Teodoro R Lara</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="2553850" type="text/json">{"id":2553850,"first_name":"Fabiano Teodoro","last_name":"Lara","domain_name":"ufmg","page_name":"FABIANOLARA","display_name":"Fabiano Teodoro R Lara","profile_url":"https://ufmg.academia.edu/FABIANOLARA?f_ri=13151","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2553850/12715673/20014176/s65_fabiano_teodoro.lara.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_37285804 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="37285804"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 37285804, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_37285804", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_37285804 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 37285804; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_37285804"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_37285804 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="37285804"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 37285804; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=37285804]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_37285804").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_37285804").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="37285804"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">12</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="967" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property">Intellectual Property</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="967" type="text/json">{"id":967,"name":"Intellectual Property","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2709" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Competition_Law">Competition Law</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2709" type="text/json">{"id":2709,"name":"Competition Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Competition_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2710" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Antitrust_Law_">Antitrust (Law)</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2710" type="text/json">{"id":2710,"name":"Antitrust (Law)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Antitrust_Law_?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7682" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Patents">Patents</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="7682" type="text/json">{"id":7682,"name":"Patents","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Patents?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=37285804]'), work: {"id":37285804,"title":"Direitos de propriedade intelectual e a economia da obtenção de lucros da inovação tecnológica: as contribuições de David Teece","created_at":"2018-08-24T07:18:59.166-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/37285804/Direitos_de_propriedade_intelectual_e_a_economia_da_obten%C3%A7%C3%A3o_de_lucros_da_inova%C3%A7%C3%A3o_tecnol%C3%B3gica_as_contribui%C3%A7%C3%B5es_de_David_Teece?f_ri=13151","dom_id":"work_37285804","summary":"Em 1986, David Teece publicou o artigo Proting from technological innovation: Implications for integration, collaboration, licensing and public policy, que contribuiu significativamente para o estudo dos impactos das inovações tecnológicas no mercado. A sua análise da gestão da inovação colaborou na construção de concepções mais realistas da forma, contrapondo-se e aprimorando as perspectivas teóricas mais tradicionais. Como reconhecimento da importância dessa pesquisa, em 2006, a Research Policy, revista na qual foi publicada o referido trabalho, organizou uma edição especial de comemoração dos 20 anos de sua publicação. A relevância daquele artigo se confirma ao saber que, em julho de 2006, ele era o mais citado dos que já foram publicados pela revista, com um total de 681 citações naquela época. Isso se deve à perspectiva interdisciplinar que o autor conferiu à abordagem do tema da inovação, o que acabou garantindo uma dimensão mais ampla do assunto. Nesse contexto, o presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar as contribuições e a atualidade do artigo de David Teece de 1986, especialmente no que tange ao debate relacionado aos direitos de propriedade intelectual. Foi realizada pesquisa teórica que se ancora no diálogo entre o artigo da década de oitenta e alguns autores que publicaram na edição especial da Research Policy de 2006 (vol. 35, nº 8), dentre eles o próprio Teece. O presente trabalho foi, portanto, dividido em duas seções. Na primeira, serão abordados os principais aspectos do artigo de 1986, evidenciando, sobretudo, a visão do autor sobre a importância dos ativos complementares na obtenção de lucros com a inovação e sua interface com os regimes de apropriabilidade. Na segunda, fundamentalmente a partir dos artigos de Gary Pisano, Giovani Dosi, Luigi Marengo, Corrado Pasquali e Richard Nelson publicados na Research Policy, vol. 35, nº 8, (2006), serão expostas as conclusões destes autores e de outros no que tange à aplicação da teoria Profiting from Innovation (PFI) sobre os regimes de apropriabilidade, sob a luz das mudanças contemporâneas na natureza da propriedade intelectual.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":57240871,"asset_id":37285804,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":2553850,"first_name":"Fabiano Teodoro","last_name":"Lara","domain_name":"ufmg","page_name":"FABIANOLARA","display_name":"Fabiano Teodoro R Lara","profile_url":"https://ufmg.academia.edu/FABIANOLARA?f_ri=13151","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2553850/12715673/20014176/s65_fabiano_teodoro.lara.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":967,"name":"Intellectual Property","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":2709,"name":"Competition Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Competition_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":2710,"name":"Antitrust (Law)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Antitrust_Law_?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":7682,"name":"Patents","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Patents?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":8645,"name":"Theory of the Firm","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theory_of_the_Firm?f_ri=13151"},{"id":13151,"name":"Intellectual Property Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Law?f_ri=13151"},{"id":22464,"name":"Intellectual Property Rights","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Rights?f_ri=13151"},{"id":58568,"name":"Direito Econômico","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Direito_Econ%C3%B4mico?f_ri=13151"},{"id":131189,"name":"Direito Concorrencial","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Direito_Concorrencial?f_ri=13151"},{"id":173728,"name":"Direito da Concorrência","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Direito_da_Concorr%C3%AAncia?f_ri=13151"},{"id":598421,"name":"Direito Da Propriedade Intelectual","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Direito_Da_Propriedade_Intelectual?f_ri=13151"},{"id":1314764,"name":"Direito Antitruste","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Direito_Antitruste?f_ri=13151"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_34548630" data-work_id="34548630" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/34548630/Shareholders_agreement_under_Russian_law">Shareholders agreement under Russian law</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The following aspects are anylised in the paper: - Russian courts' practice in connection with shareholders' agreements governed by foreign law before the legislative developments of 2009; - novelties in the regulation of corporate... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_34548630" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The following aspects are anylised in the paper: <br />- Russian courts' practice in connection with shareholders' agreements governed by foreign law before the legislative developments of 2009; <br />- novelties in the regulation of corporate agreements which became effective on 1 September 2014 and 1 June 2015; <br />- arbitrability of disputes arising from shareholders' agreements; <br />- recent courts' practice in connection with particular provisions of shareholders' agreements governed by Russian law.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/34548630" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="36c471959edc1088cfbeea38e03325b4" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":54413628,"asset_id":34548630,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54413628/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0OTA1Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="11600234" href="https://westminster.academia.edu/YDianova">Yana Dianova</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="11600234" type="text/json">{"id":11600234,"first_name":"Yana","last_name":"Dianova","domain_name":"westminster","page_name":"YDianova","display_name":"Yana Dianova","profile_url":"https://westminster.academia.edu/YDianova?f_ri=13151","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/11600234/17602683/17658777/s65_yana.dianova.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_34548630 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="34548630"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 34548630, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_34548630", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34548630]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_34548630").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_34548630").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="34548630"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2095" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Corporate_Law">Corporate Law</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2095" type="text/json">{"id":2095,"name":"Corporate Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Corporate_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2098" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Contract_Law">Contract Law</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2098" type="text/json">{"id":2098,"name":"Contract Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Contract_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2252" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mergers_and_Acquisitions">Mergers & Acquisitions</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2252" type="text/json">{"id":2252,"name":"Mergers \u0026 Acquisitions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mergers_and_Acquisitions?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="13151" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Law">Intellectual Property Law</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="13151" type="text/json">{"id":13151,"name":"Intellectual Property Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=34548630]'), work: {"id":34548630,"title":"Shareholders agreement under Russian law","created_at":"2017-09-12T06:31:45.496-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/34548630/Shareholders_agreement_under_Russian_law?f_ri=13151","dom_id":"work_34548630","summary":"The following aspects are anylised in the paper: \n- Russian courts' practice in connection with shareholders' agreements governed by foreign law before the legislative developments of 2009; \n- novelties in the regulation of corporate agreements which became effective on 1 September 2014 and 1 June 2015; \n- arbitrability of disputes arising from shareholders' agreements; \n- recent courts' practice in connection with particular provisions of shareholders' agreements governed by Russian law. ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54413628,"asset_id":34548630,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":11600234,"first_name":"Yana","last_name":"Dianova","domain_name":"westminster","page_name":"YDianova","display_name":"Yana Dianova","profile_url":"https://westminster.academia.edu/YDianova?f_ri=13151","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/11600234/17602683/17658777/s65_yana.dianova.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2095,"name":"Corporate Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Corporate_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":2098,"name":"Contract Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Contract_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":2252,"name":"Mergers \u0026 Acquisitions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mergers_and_Acquisitions?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":13151,"name":"Intellectual Property Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":92007,"name":"Privacy and data protection","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Privacy_and_data_protection?f_ri=13151"},{"id":113985,"name":"Antitrust Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Antitrust_Law?f_ri=13151"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_39391807" data-work_id="39391807" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/39391807/Copyright_and_Fan_Productivity_in_China_A_Cross_jurisdictional_Perspective">Copyright and Fan Productivity in China - A Cross-jurisdictional Perspective</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This book takes a unique approach to mitigate the problem of massive online copyright infringement and justify fan activities. It argues for a cooperative approach that encourages copyright owners to exert a degree of control over their... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_39391807" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This book takes a unique approach to mitigate the problem of massive online copyright infringement and justify fan activities. It argues for a cooperative approach that encourages copyright owners to exert a degree of control over their fan creators. In contrast to the current approach, which treats fan utilizations as theft, this book suggests that the copyright owners and the lawmakers should instead distinguish between fan creators and commercial pirates, allowing them unleash their potential.<br /><br />This book offers a clear and comprehensive account of the fascinating aspects of legal problems created by fan activities in China, Japan and the United States, offering a valuable guide for students, practitioners, academics and entrepreneurs whose work involves or who are interested in cutting-edge legal issues in the creative industry.<br /><br />"Tianxiang He introduces us to the world of fandom inhabited by ‘fan-subbers’, fan-dubbers’, ‘mash-uppers’, and ‘fan-fictionists’ against the backdrop of copyright law and policy in China. His work is engaging in that it not merely describes the law, but also the political dimension where copyright and state media control converge into a reality where being an artist or a fan is not that straightforward." -- Prof. Anselm Kamperman Sanders, Institute for Globalization and International Regulation (IGIR), Faculty of Law, Maastricht University<br /><br />"The tension between copyright holders and fan communities has been increasingly salient yet underexplored. This timely, insightful and deeply engaging book not only fills a niche, but also covers a country that has been rarely examined in this context. The book advances a promising model for the two groups to cooperate. It also explores complex issues concerning political culture, media regulation and civic engagement in China. A must read for anybody interested in copyright law, cultural production, digital technology or Chinese information policy." -- Prof. Peter K. Yu, Professor of Law and Director, Center for Law and Intellectual Property, Texas A&M University School of Law</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/39391807" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f6e52e9a83baeb46249c363b3ebfd0b9" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":59535229,"asset_id":39391807,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/59535229/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0OTA1Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="919547" href="https://cityu-hk.academia.edu/TianxiangHe">Tianxiang He</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="919547" type="text/json">{"id":919547,"first_name":"Tianxiang","last_name":"He","domain_name":"cityu-hk","page_name":"TianxiangHe","display_name":"Tianxiang He","profile_url":"https://cityu-hk.academia.edu/TianxiangHe?f_ri=13151","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/919547/342901/10108793/s65_tianxiang.he.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_39391807 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="39391807"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 39391807, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_39391807", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=39391807]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_39391807").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_39391807").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="39391807"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="13151" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Law">Intellectual Property Law</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="13151" type="text/json">{"id":13151,"name":"Intellectual Property Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="90776" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Copyright_Law">Copyright Law</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="90776" type="text/json">{"id":90776,"name":"Copyright Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Copyright_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="112424" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fan_Activism">Fan Activism</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="112424" type="text/json">{"id":112424,"name":"Fan Activism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fan_Activism?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="925235" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Copyright_and_Fair_Use_Doctrine">Copyright and Fair Use Doctrine</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="925235" type="text/json">{"id":925235,"name":"Copyright and Fair Use Doctrine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Copyright_and_Fair_Use_Doctrine?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=39391807]'), work: {"id":39391807,"title":"Copyright and Fan Productivity in China - A Cross-jurisdictional Perspective","created_at":"2019-06-05T07:01:52.436-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/39391807/Copyright_and_Fan_Productivity_in_China_A_Cross_jurisdictional_Perspective?f_ri=13151","dom_id":"work_39391807","summary":"This book takes a unique approach to mitigate the problem of massive online copyright infringement and justify fan activities. It argues for a cooperative approach that encourages copyright owners to exert a degree of control over their fan creators. In contrast to the current approach, which treats fan utilizations as theft, this book suggests that the copyright owners and the lawmakers should instead distinguish between fan creators and commercial pirates, allowing them unleash their potential.\n\nThis book offers a clear and comprehensive account of the fascinating aspects of legal problems created by fan activities in China, Japan and the United States, offering a valuable guide for students, practitioners, academics and entrepreneurs whose work involves or who are interested in cutting-edge legal issues in the creative industry.\n\n\"Tianxiang He introduces us to the world of fandom inhabited by ‘fan-subbers’, fan-dubbers’, ‘mash-uppers’, and ‘fan-fictionists’ against the backdrop of copyright law and policy in China. His work is engaging in that it not merely describes the law, but also the political dimension where copyright and state media control converge into a reality where being an artist or a fan is not that straightforward.\" -- Prof. Anselm Kamperman Sanders, Institute for Globalization and International Regulation (IGIR), Faculty of Law, Maastricht University\n\n\"The tension between copyright holders and fan communities has been increasingly salient yet underexplored. This timely, insightful and deeply engaging book not only fills a niche, but also covers a country that has been rarely examined in this context. The book advances a promising model for the two groups to cooperate. It also explores complex issues concerning political culture, media regulation and civic engagement in China. A must read for anybody interested in copyright law, cultural production, digital technology or Chinese information policy.\" -- Prof. Peter K. Yu, Professor of Law and Director, Center for Law and Intellectual Property, Texas A\u0026M University School of Law","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":59535229,"asset_id":39391807,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":919547,"first_name":"Tianxiang","last_name":"He","domain_name":"cityu-hk","page_name":"TianxiangHe","display_name":"Tianxiang He","profile_url":"https://cityu-hk.academia.edu/TianxiangHe?f_ri=13151","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/919547/342901/10108793/s65_tianxiang.he.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":13151,"name":"Intellectual Property Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":90776,"name":"Copyright Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Copyright_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":112424,"name":"Fan Activism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fan_Activism?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":925235,"name":"Copyright and Fair Use Doctrine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Copyright_and_Fair_Use_Doctrine?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_12225080" data-work_id="12225080" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/12225080/Internet_Service_Providers_Liability_in_Argentina_The_Decision_in_re_Rodriguez_vs_Google_">Internet Service Providers Liability in Argentina: The Decision in re "Rodriguez vs. Google"</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" 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InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="30715470" href="https://independent.academia.edu/FranciscodeZaval%C3%ADa">Francisco de Zavalía</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="30715470" type="text/json">{"id":30715470,"first_name":"Francisco","last_name":"de Zavalía","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"FranciscodeZavalía","display_name":"Francisco de Zavalía","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/FranciscodeZaval%C3%ADa?f_ri=13151","photo":"https://gravatar.com/avatar/8aa6ee33c969b447ca8352c8a1321474?s=65"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_12225080 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="12225080"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { 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data-card-contents-for-ri="967" type="text/json">{"id":967,"name":"Intellectual Property","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2783" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Privacy">Privacy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2783" type="text/json">{"id":2783,"name":"Privacy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Privacy?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7685" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Copyright">Copyright</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7685" type="text/json">{"id":7685,"name":"Copyright","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Copyright?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="13151" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Law">Intellectual Property Law</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="13151" type="text/json">{"id":13151,"name":"Intellectual Property Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=12225080]'), work: {"id":12225080,"title":"Internet Service Providers Liability in Argentina: The Decision in re \"Rodriguez vs. Google\"","created_at":"2015-05-04T06:35:45.338-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/12225080/Internet_Service_Providers_Liability_in_Argentina_The_Decision_in_re_Rodriguez_vs_Google_?f_ri=13151","dom_id":"work_12225080","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":37504891,"asset_id":12225080,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":30715470,"first_name":"Francisco","last_name":"de Zavalía","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"FranciscodeZavalía","display_name":"Francisco de Zavalía","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/FranciscodeZaval%C3%ADa?f_ri=13151","photo":"https://gravatar.com/avatar/8aa6ee33c969b447ca8352c8a1321474?s=65"}],"research_interests":[{"id":967,"name":"Intellectual Property","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":2783,"name":"Privacy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Privacy?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":7685,"name":"Copyright","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Copyright?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":13151,"name":"Intellectual Property Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":23506,"name":"Information Security and Privacy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Information_Security_and_Privacy?f_ri=13151"},{"id":27328,"name":"International Copyright Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Copyright_Law?f_ri=13151"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_2943181" data-work_id="2943181" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/2943181/Appropriation_Art_Fair_Use_Or_Foul">Appropriation Art: Fair Use Or Foul?</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/2943181" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div 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Okpaluba</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="3447975" type="text/json">{"id":3447975,"first_name":"Johnson","last_name":"Okpaluba","domain_name":"kcl","page_name":"JohnsonOkpaluba","display_name":"Johnson Okpaluba","profile_url":"https://kcl.academia.edu/JohnsonOkpaluba?f_ri=13151","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_2943181 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="2943181"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 2943181, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_2943181", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_2943181 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x 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});</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_2943181").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="2943181"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="967" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property">Intellectual Property</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="967" type="text/json">{"id":967,"name":"Intellectual Property","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1236" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Art">Art</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1236" type="text/json">{"id":1236,"name":"Art","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Art?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7685" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Copyright">Copyright</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7685" type="text/json">{"id":7685,"name":"Copyright","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Copyright?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="13151" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Law">Intellectual Property Law</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="13151" type="text/json">{"id":13151,"name":"Intellectual Property Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=2943181]'), work: {"id":2943181,"title":"Appropriation Art: Fair Use 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Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":193777,"name":"Copyright infringement","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Copyright_infringement?f_ri=13151"},{"id":575775,"name":"Cultural appropriation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_appropriation?f_ri=13151"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_45839754" data-work_id="45839754" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/45839754/Plaintiff_in_42B_Federal_Lawsuit_HARIHAR_v_US_BANK_et_al_Docket_No_15cv11880_USDC_Boston_MA_receives_mail_offer_to_open_NEW_Credit_Card_account_w_Bank_Defendant_WELLS_FARGO">Plaintiff in $42B Federal Lawsuit - HARIHAR v US BANK et al (Docket No 15cv11880, USDC, Boston, MA) receives mail offer to open NEW Credit Card account w/ Bank Defendant - WELLS FARGO</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">"...On Tuesday, April 6, 2021, I received by US Mail an offer to open a NEW credit card account with WELLS FARGO (See attached offer, pictured below). While I certainly appreciate the opportunity to rebuild a business relationship with... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_45839754" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">"...On Tuesday, April 6, 2021, I received by US Mail an offer to open a NEW credit card account with WELLS FARGO (See attached offer, pictured below). While I certainly appreciate the opportunity to rebuild a business relationship with WELLS FARGO, you are well-aware that there are substantial legal issues which must first be justly resolved - before giving any consideration to such offers (Ref. the $42B Federal lawsuit - HARIHAR v US BANK, et al, Docket No. 15-cv-11880, US District Court, Boston, MA)..."</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/45839754" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="343f8799a48686931816d0f0669e744e" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":66205666,"asset_id":45839754,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/66205666/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0OTA1Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="127090514" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MohanHarihar">Mohan Harihar</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="127090514" type="text/json">{"id":127090514,"first_name":"Mohan","last_name":"Harihar","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MohanHarihar","display_name":"Mohan Harihar","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MohanHarihar?f_ri=13151","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/127090514/32483944/44530421/s65_mohan.harihar.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_45839754 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="45839754"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 45839754, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_45839754", }); 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While I certainly appreciate the opportunity to rebuild a business relationship with WELLS FARGO, you are well-aware that there are substantial legal issues which must first be justly resolved - before giving any consideration to such offers (Ref. the $42B Federal lawsuit - HARIHAR v US BANK, et al, Docket No. 15-cv-11880, US District Court, Boston, MA)...\" \n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":66205666,"asset_id":45839754,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":127090514,"first_name":"Mohan","last_name":"Harihar","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MohanHarihar","display_name":"Mohan Harihar","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MohanHarihar?f_ri=13151","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/127090514/32483944/44530421/s65_mohan.harihar.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":535,"name":"Criminal Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Criminal_Law-1?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":547,"name":"Constitutional Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Constitutional_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":548,"name":"Civil Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":724,"name":"Economics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economics?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":748,"name":"Financial Economics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Financial_Economics?f_ri=13151"},{"id":922,"name":"Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Education?f_ri=13151"},{"id":967,"name":"Intellectual Property","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property?f_ri=13151"},{"id":2096,"name":"Securities Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Securities_Law?f_ri=13151"},{"id":5248,"name":"Legal Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Legal_Theory?f_ri=13151"},{"id":6908,"name":"Banking","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Banking?f_ri=13151"},{"id":13151,"name":"Intellectual Property Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Law?f_ri=13151"},{"id":15182,"name":"Financial crimes combating","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Financial_crimes_combating?f_ri=13151"},{"id":22464,"name":"Intellectual Property Rights","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Rights?f_ri=13151"},{"id":61954,"name":"Judgement and Decision Making (JDM)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Judgement_and_Decision_Making_JDM_?f_ri=13151"},{"id":67397,"name":"Mortgage Foreclosure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mortgage_Foreclosure?f_ri=13151"},{"id":111368,"name":"Fraud","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fraud?f_ri=13151"},{"id":206104,"name":"Finance and banking","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Finance_and_banking?f_ri=13151"},{"id":296068,"name":"Mortgages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mortgages?f_ri=13151"},{"id":419472,"name":"Land Titles and Deeds","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Land_Titles_and_Deeds?f_ri=13151"},{"id":533723,"name":"The Impact of Auditing in Controlling Fraud and Other Financial Irregularities in Commercial Banks","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_Impact_of_Auditing_in_Controlling_Fraud_and_Other_Financial_Irregularities_in_Commercial_Banks?f_ri=13151"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_43123084" data-work_id="43123084" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/43123084/Fair_use_will_give_the_digital_economy_a_fair_go">Fair use will give the digital economy a fair go</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This article argues that the Australian government should amend the Copyright Act 1968 (Cth) in order to introduce United States-style fair use provisions as an additional open-ended exception to copyright sitting below, and integrated... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_43123084" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This article argues that the Australian government should amend the Copyright<br />Act 1968 (Cth) in order to introduce United States-style fair use provisions<br />as an additional open-ended exception to copyright sitting below, and<br />integrated with, the current fair dealing exceptions. It identifies some of the<br />ways in which current copyright law is holding back innovation and economic<br />growth, which emerge from the submissions of some of the key stakeholders<br />to the Australian Law Reform Commission’s recent Inquiry into Copyright and<br />the Digital Economy. It then reviews the experience in the US and how the fair<br />use provisions have spurred innovation in the American economy. The<br />arguments for and against introducing fair use into Australian copyright law are<br />canvassed, and different options for implementing this reform are analysed,<br />including that proposed by the ALRC. The optimal option for reaping the<br />benefits of the digital economy, involving a “two-step test”, is identified and<br />recommended.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/43123084" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="2572ecf34533d02bd02f86464ebc6e5b" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":63380736,"asset_id":43123084,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/63380736/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0OTA1Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="158706852" href="https://independent.academia.edu/BobWright2">Bob Wright</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="158706852" type="text/json">{"id":158706852,"first_name":"Bob","last_name":"Wright","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"BobWright2","display_name":"Bob Wright","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/BobWright2?f_ri=13151","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/158706852/44444959/34985727/s65_bob.wright.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_43123084 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="43123084"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 43123084, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_43123084", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=43123084]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_43123084").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_43123084").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="43123084"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i></div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl6x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="13151" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Law">Intellectual Property Law</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="13151" type="text/json">{"id":13151,"name":"Intellectual Property Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (false) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=43123084]'), work: {"id":43123084,"title":"Fair use will give the digital economy a fair go","created_at":"2020-05-20T23:36:32.241-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/43123084/Fair_use_will_give_the_digital_economy_a_fair_go?f_ri=13151","dom_id":"work_43123084","summary":"This article argues that the Australian government should amend the Copyright\nAct 1968 (Cth) in order to introduce United States-style fair use provisions\nas an additional open-ended exception to copyright sitting below, and\nintegrated with, the current fair dealing exceptions. It identifies some of the\nways in which current copyright law is holding back innovation and economic\ngrowth, which emerge from the submissions of some of the key stakeholders\nto the Australian Law Reform Commission’s recent Inquiry into Copyright and\nthe Digital Economy. It then reviews the experience in the US and how the fair\nuse provisions have spurred innovation in the American economy. The\narguments for and against introducing fair use into Australian copyright law are\ncanvassed, and different options for implementing this reform are analysed,\nincluding that proposed by the ALRC. The optimal option for reaping the\nbenefits of the digital economy, involving a “two-step test”, is identified and\nrecommended.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":63380736,"asset_id":43123084,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":158706852,"first_name":"Bob","last_name":"Wright","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"BobWright2","display_name":"Bob Wright","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/BobWright2?f_ri=13151","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/158706852/44444959/34985727/s65_bob.wright.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":13151,"name":"Intellectual Property Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_37376439" data-work_id="37376439" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/37376439/Analise_Economica_da_Propriedade_Intelectual">Analise Economica da Propriedade Intelectual</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">LARA, Fabiano Teodoro de Rezende. Análise Econômica da Propriedade Intelectual. In: Luciano Benetti Timm. (Org.). DIREITO E ECONOMIA NO BRASIL. 2ed.São Paulo: Atlas, 2014, v. 1, p. 357-381.</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/37376439" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="11613a6f03d095e3aa3f6447f190dc44" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":57338808,"asset_id":37376439,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57338808/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0OTA1Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="2553850" href="https://ufmg.academia.edu/FABIANOLARA">Fabiano Teodoro R Lara</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="2553850" type="text/json">{"id":2553850,"first_name":"Fabiano Teodoro","last_name":"Lara","domain_name":"ufmg","page_name":"FABIANOLARA","display_name":"Fabiano Teodoro R Lara","profile_url":"https://ufmg.academia.edu/FABIANOLARA?f_ri=13151","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2553850/12715673/20014176/s65_fabiano_teodoro.lara.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_37376439 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="37376439"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 37376439, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_37376439", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_37376439 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 37376439; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_37376439"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_37376439 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="37376439"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 37376439; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=37376439]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_37376439").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_37376439").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="37376439"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">2</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3837" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economical_Analysis_of_Law">Economical Analysis of Law</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3837" type="text/json">{"id":3837,"name":"Economical Analysis of Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economical_Analysis_of_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="13151" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Law">Intellectual Property Law</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="13151" type="text/json">{"id":13151,"name":"Intellectual Property Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=37376439]'), work: {"id":37376439,"title":"Analise Economica da Propriedade Intelectual","created_at":"2018-09-10T18:29:00.209-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/37376439/Analise_Economica_da_Propriedade_Intelectual?f_ri=13151","dom_id":"work_37376439","summary":"LARA, Fabiano Teodoro de Rezende. Análise Econômica da Propriedade Intelectual. In: Luciano Benetti Timm. (Org.). DIREITO E ECONOMIA NO BRASIL. 2ed.São Paulo: Atlas, 2014, v. 1, p. 357-381.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":57338808,"asset_id":37376439,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":2553850,"first_name":"Fabiano Teodoro","last_name":"Lara","domain_name":"ufmg","page_name":"FABIANOLARA","display_name":"Fabiano Teodoro R Lara","profile_url":"https://ufmg.academia.edu/FABIANOLARA?f_ri=13151","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2553850/12715673/20014176/s65_fabiano_teodoro.lara.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3837,"name":"Economical Analysis of Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economical_Analysis_of_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":13151,"name":"Intellectual Property Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_34889202 coauthored" data-work_id="34889202" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/34889202/Trademarks_and_Digital_Goods">Trademarks and Digital Goods</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Increasingly, trademark litigation involves the use of trademarks in digital environments. Sometimes it involves the sale of digital models of tangible objects such as cars and handbags to be used in video games or films. With the growth... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_34889202" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Increasingly, trademark litigation involves the use of trademarks in digital environments. Sometimes it involves the sale of digital models of tangible objects such as cars and handbags to be used in video games or films. With the growth of 3D printing, digital version of objects will not be limited to media products, because 3D printing technology radically separates the design and production processes.<br /><br />That separation has potentially destabilizing consequences for trademark law, which has overwhelmingly been oriented toward indications of the origin of physical goods. For one thing, digitization brings much more of trademark law into contact with the Supreme Court's decision in Dastar Corp. v. Twentieth Century Fox Film Corp., raising difficult questions about whether, and under what circumstances, digital files count as “goods” for Lanham Act purposes. More broadly, a world of increasing digitization implicates important concerns about the boundaries of trademark law vis-`a-vis other areas of IP law, and it raises profound questions about the meaning of source indication and the role of trademark law in the digital world.  <br /><br />We argue that the question of whether we should treat digital files as<br />relevant goods is irreducibly one of policy, and it should not be reduced to mere formalism. Digital files should be treated as goods only when consumers’ interactions with the files sufficiently resemble their interactions with physical goods that they warrant the same treatment. <br /><br />In particular, we argue that digital files should be treated as goods only when the origin of the files as such (not the content of those files) is material to consumers. That, we argue, may turn out to be relatively rare. Indeed, we suggest that a world of greater digitization might well be a world in which trademark law has less relevance relative to design patent and copyright.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/34889202" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="477ebfc881ecb95600a7146cb12137d6" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":54749694,"asset_id":34889202,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54749694/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0OTA1Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="70357127" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MarkMcKenna10">Mark McKenna</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="70357127" type="text/json">{"id":70357127,"first_name":"Mark","last_name":"McKenna","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MarkMcKenna10","display_name":"Mark McKenna","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MarkMcKenna10?f_ri=13151","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-34889202">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-34889202"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://campbell.academia.edu/LucasOsborn">Lucas Osborn</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-34889202'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-34889202').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_34889202 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="34889202"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 34889202, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_34889202", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_34889202 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34889202; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_34889202"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_34889202 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="34889202"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34889202; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34889202]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_34889202").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_34889202").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="34889202"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="13151" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Law">Intellectual Property Law</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="13151" type="text/json">{"id":13151,"name":"Intellectual Property Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="90776" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Copyright_Law">Copyright Law</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="90776" type="text/json">{"id":90776,"name":"Copyright Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Copyright_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="101683" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Patent_Law">Patent Law</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="101683" type="text/json">{"id":101683,"name":"Patent Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Patent_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="207384" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Additive_Manufacturing_and_3D_printing">Additive Manufacturing and 3D printing</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="207384" type="text/json">{"id":207384,"name":"Additive Manufacturing and 3D printing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Additive_Manufacturing_and_3D_printing?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=34889202]'), work: {"id":34889202,"title":"Trademarks and Digital Goods","created_at":"2017-10-18T05:16:33.572-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/34889202/Trademarks_and_Digital_Goods?f_ri=13151","dom_id":"work_34889202","summary":"Increasingly, trademark litigation involves the use of trademarks in digital environments. Sometimes it involves the sale of digital models of tangible objects such as cars and handbags to be used in video games or films. With the growth of 3D printing, digital version of objects will not be limited to media products, because 3D printing technology radically separates the design and production processes.\n\nThat separation has potentially destabilizing consequences for trademark law, which has overwhelmingly been oriented toward indications of the origin of physical goods. For one thing, digitization brings much more of trademark law into contact with the Supreme Court's decision in Dastar Corp. v. Twentieth Century Fox Film Corp., raising difficult questions about whether, and under what circumstances, digital files count as “goods” for Lanham Act purposes. More broadly, a world of increasing digitization implicates important concerns about the boundaries of trademark law vis-`a-vis other areas of IP law, and it raises profound questions about the meaning of source indication and the role of trademark law in the digital world. \n\nWe argue that the question of whether we should treat digital files as\nrelevant goods is irreducibly one of policy, and it should not be reduced to mere formalism. Digital files should be treated as goods only when consumers’ interactions with the files sufficiently resemble their interactions with physical goods that they warrant the same treatment. \n\nIn particular, we argue that digital files should be treated as goods only when the origin of the files as such (not the content of those files) is material to consumers. That, we argue, may turn out to be relatively rare. Indeed, we suggest that a world of greater digitization might well be a world in which trademark law has less relevance relative to design patent and copyright.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54749694,"asset_id":34889202,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":70357127,"first_name":"Mark","last_name":"McKenna","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MarkMcKenna10","display_name":"Mark McKenna","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MarkMcKenna10?f_ri=13151","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"},{"id":4361693,"first_name":"Lucas","last_name":"Osborn","domain_name":"campbell","page_name":"LucasOsborn","display_name":"Lucas Osborn","profile_url":"https://campbell.academia.edu/LucasOsborn?f_ri=13151","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4361693/3462852/4069605/s65_lucas.osborn.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":13151,"name":"Intellectual Property Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":90776,"name":"Copyright Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Copyright_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":101683,"name":"Patent Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Patent_Law?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":207384,"name":"Additive Manufacturing and 3D printing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Additive_Manufacturing_and_3D_printing?f_ri=13151","nofollow":false},{"id":526128,"name":"Trademark Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Trademark_Law?f_ri=13151"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_17670957" data-work_id="17670957" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/17670957/The_Flash_of_Genius_Defining_Invention_in_the_Era_of_Corporate_Research">The Flash of Genius: Defining Invention in the Era of Corporate Research</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">During the 1940s a heated debate took place in the federal courts and among patent attorneys regarding Justice William O. Douglas’s decision in a patent infringement case that a “new device, however useful, must reveal the flash of... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_17670957" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">During the 1940s a heated debate took place in the federal courts and among patent attorneys regarding Justice William O. Douglas’s decision in a patent infringement case that a “new device, however useful, must reveal the flash of creative genius, not merely the skill of the calling.”  While a few commentators argued that this decision did nothing more than affirm a longstanding principle that an inventor show more than ordinary skill or ingenuity, most commentators and lower court judges interpreted this ruling to require that a patentable invention required its inventor to literally experience a moment of  inspiration.  In their effort to define invention the courts argued over whether invention was the province of the individual or whether organized industrial research could also be invention and thus protected by existing patent law.  The legal controversy was only resolved when Congress stepped in and modified the patent law in 1952 to make the nature of the inventive act immaterial to the question of patentability.  This paper argues that this legal debate over the over the nature of invention reflects a larger cultural anxiety about the role of the individual inventor growing out of the rapid rise of corporate research organizations.  At the same time, it seeks to explore the ways in which the patent system itself helps to define invention for the larger culture.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/17670957" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="0f4a33f409394f752190a19a0d747465" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":39649182,"asset_id":17670957,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39649182/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0OTA1Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="59411" href="https://rutgers.academia.edu/PaulIsrael">Paul Israel</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="59411" type="text/json">{"id":59411,"first_name":"Paul","last_name":"Israel","domain_name":"rutgers","page_name":"PaulIsrael","display_name":"Paul Israel","profile_url":"https://rutgers.academia.edu/PaulIsrael?f_ri=13151","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/59411/17240/16052/s65_paul.israel.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_17670957 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="17670957"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 17670957, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_17670957", }); 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Douglas’s decision in a patent infringement case that a “new device, however useful, must reveal the flash of creative genius, not merely the skill of the calling.” While a few commentators argued that this decision did nothing more than affirm a longstanding principle that an inventor show more than ordinary skill or ingenuity, most commentators and lower court judges interpreted this ruling to require that a patentable invention required its inventor to literally experience a moment of inspiration. In their effort to define invention the courts argued over whether invention was the province of the individual or whether organized industrial research could also be invention and thus protected by existing patent law. The legal controversy was only resolved when Congress stepped in and modified the patent law in 1952 to make the nature of the inventive act immaterial to the question of patentability. 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