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class="mdc-c-description___SrnQP_2734c4f mdc-u-ts-5"><div class="mck-u-links-inline">The latest American Opportunity Survey takes a pulse check of economic opportunity in America and highlights the barriers that must be overcome to ensure sustainable, inclusive economic growth for everyone.</div></div></div></section><main data-layer-region="article-body" class="mdc-u-grid mdc-u-grid-gutter-xxl"><div class="mdc-u-grid mdc-u-grid-col-1 mdc-u-grid-col-md-12"><div class="mdc-u-grid-col-md-start-2 mdc-u-grid-col-md-end-12 mdc-u-grid-col-lg-start-3 mdc-u-grid-col-lg-end-11"><div class="mdc-o-content-body mck-u-dropcap"> <div data-component="mdc-c-module-wrapper" data-module-theme="default" data-module-background="transparent" data-module-category="" class="DownloadsSidebar_mck-c-downloads-sidebar__iFmyt mck-o-xs-right-span"><div data-layer-region="downloads-right-rail"><h3 data-component="mdc-c-heading" class="mdc-c-heading___0fM1W_2734c4f mdc-c-heading--title___5qyOB_2734c4f 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pages)</span></a></div></div></div></div> <p><strong>COVID-19. </strong>The vaccine. The Delta variant. And now the Omicron variant. The return from remote work (or not). The return from remote schooling (or not). The Great Resignation. The year 2021 has been unlike any other, challenging the resilience of American workers and their families in extraordinary ways.</p> <p>What might 2022 bring?</p> <div data-component="mdc-c-module-wrapper" data-module-theme="light" data-module-background="lightest-grey" data-module-category="" data-module-gradient-position="bottom-right" class="mck-c-inline-module-container SideBar_mck-c-sidebar__bgimg-wrapper__Qj4Dt mck-o-sm-left-span SideBar_mck-c-sidebar__sidebar-wrapper__Dpjw2 SideBar_mck-c-sidebar__sidebar-wrapper--istablet__IQ6ii mck-u-screen-only mck-c-module-wrapper" data-layer-region="sidebar"><div class="SideBar_mck-c-sidebar__epoAm mck-o-md-center"><div class="SideBar_mck-c-sidebar__share-icons-wrapper__9gB_c"><div data-component="mdc-c-link-container" class="mdc-c-link-container___xefGu_2734c4f mdc-c-link-container--display-column___X0HDD_2734c4f SideBar_mck-c-sidebar__share-icons___eQy6"><div data-component="mdc-c-dropdown-menu" class="mdc-c-drop-down"><button data-component="mdc-c-button" aria-label="" type="button" id="button_id" class="mdc-c-button___U4iY2_2734c4f mdc-c-button--ghost mdc-c-button--size-medium mdc-c-drop-down__rootmenu___yJzvz_2734c4f" aria-expanded="false" aria-haspopup="menu"><span data-component="mdc-c-icon" class="mdc-c-icon___oi7ef_2734c4f mdc-c-icon--default___f-hQM_2734c4f mdc-c-icon--size-md___yi5fA_2734c4f mck-share2-icon"></span></button><div data-component="mdc-c-module-wrapper" data-module-theme="light" data-module-background="white" data-module-category="" class=""></div></div><button data-component="mdc-c-button" aria-label="Expandable Sidebar" type="button" id="button_id" class="mdc-c-button___U4iY2_2734c4f mdc-c-button--ghost mdc-c-button--size-medium SideBar_mck-c-sidebar__toggle-btn__EL8iE" aria-expanded="false" data-layer-event-prefix="UI Item" data-layer-action="click" data-layer-category="sidebar" data-layer-subcategory="open" data-layer-text="open sidebar"><span data-component="mdc-c-icon" class="mdc-c-icon___oi7ef_2734c4f mdc-c-icon--radial___y3csX_2734c4f mdc-c-icon--size-xxl___cL3ZT_2734c4f mck-plus-no-circle-icon"></span></button></div></div><div class="SideBar_mck-c-sidebar__content-outer__UdWCq"><div class="SideBar_mck-c-sidebar__eyebrow__5GSEq"></div><div class="SideBar_mck-c-sidebar__content__raEwe"><h2 data-component="mdc-c-heading" class="mdc-c-heading___0fM1W_2734c4f mdc-u-ts-3 SideBar_mck-c-sidebar__content-heading__NJekY"><div>McKinsey Economic Opportunity Index</div></h2><div class="SideBar_mck-c-sidebar__content-description__4p9iI mdc-u-ts-7"><div class="mdc-o-content-body"><p>Our survey questions on access to economic opportunity were inspired by the University of Michigan’s <a href="http://www.sca.isr.umich.edu/">Index of Consumer Sentiment</a>. For each respondent, we calculated a score from 0 to 200—from a low perception (a pessimistic view of economic opportunity) to a high perception (an optimistic view). Scores were based on the respondents’ answers to five questions: </p> <ol> <li>We are interested in how much economic opportunity people have these days. Would you say that you and your family have more or fewer economic opportunities compared with 12 months ago?</li> <li>Looking ahead, do you think that 12 months from now you and your family will have more or fewer economic opportunities?</li> <li>Turning to economic opportunity in the country as a whole, do you think that during the next 12 months people in this country will have more or fewer economic opportunities?</li> <li>Looking ahead over the next five years, which would you say is more likely— that in the country as a whole there will be continuous growth in economic opportunity, or that economic opportunities will decline?</li> <li>Thinking again about the country as a whole, do you believe that our economy does a good or bad job of providing economic opportunities for all people?</li> </ol> <p>A respondent who gave low-perception responses to all five questions would score 0; five neutral-perception responses would score 100; and five high-perception responses would score 200. </p></div></div></div></div></div></div> <p>To find out, we surveyed a cross section of 5,000 Americans in the fall of 2021. Our goal: to take a pulse check on the current and future state of economic opportunity in the United States and to learn more about the challenges its workers face.</p> <p>Below we highlight five key insights from the survey. We hope they help spur meaningful reflection and conversation among public-, private-, and social-sector leaders about the state of sustainable, inclusive growth in America—and the path ahead for making that growth a reality for everyone.</p> <div data-module-category="" class="PullQuote_mck-c-pullquote__DbaQ5 mck-o-lg-center"><blockquote data-component="mdc-c-blockquote" class="PullQuote_mck-c-blockquote__6n21p PullQuote_mck-c-blockquote--hide-quotes__CpGpg mdc-c-blockquote mdc-c-blockquote--is-quotes___TozKo_2734c4f"><p>Americans are marginally more optimistic about their access to economic opportunity than they were in March. But the slight uptick masks a broader ambivalence.</p></blockquote></div> <div data-component="mdc-c-module-wrapper" data-module-theme="default" data-module-background="transparent" data-module-category="" class="mck-c-inline-module-container mck-o-edge-to-edge StoryContainer_mck-c-story-container__TLkZC mck-c-module-wrapper"><div data-component="mdc-c-module-wrapper" data-module-theme="light" data-module-background="white" data-module-category="" class="StoryContainer_mck-c-story-container__item__YhXnX"><div class="mck-o-container"><div class="mck-o-container--wrapped mck-o-container--mobile-spacing mdc-u-grid mdc-u-grid-col-md-12 StoryContainer_mck-c-story-container__content-item__fg74z"><div data-component="mdc-c-content-block" class="mdc-c-content-block___7p6Lu_2734c4f mdc-u-grid-gutter-md StoryContainer_mck-c-story-container__content-text__DEQ4O StoryContainer_mck-c-story-container__container-sticky__EK8hB StoryContainer_mck-c-story-container__container-sticky--extra-spacing__uDmVE mdc-u-grid-col-md-span-4"><div data-component="mdc-c-description" class="mdc-c-description___SrnQP_2734c4f mdc-u-ts-8 mck-u-links-inline"><div>Americans are marginally more optimistic about their access to economic opportunity than they were in March, when we conducted our first survey. But the slight uptick in the McKinsey Economic Opportunity Index indicated in the exhibit masks a broader ambivalence: while respondents are more optimistic than they were in March about their current opportunities, they are less optimistic about future growth. For example, 17 percent of the respondents (up from 10 percent in March) reported that they and their families have more economic opportunities than they did 12 months ago. Yet only 35 percent of the respondents, down from 41 percent in March, said that it’s likely the country as a whole will enjoy continuous growth in economic opportunity over the next five years. Notably, respondents of color appear less optimistic today than they did in March.</div></div></div><div class="StoryContainer_mck-c-story-container__content-media__o8N4Z StoryContainer_mck-c-story-container__container-sticky__EK8hB StoryContainer_mck-c-story-container__container-sticky--extra-spacing__uDmVE mdc-u-grid-col-md-span-8"></div></div></div></div><div data-component="mdc-c-module-wrapper" data-module-theme="light" data-module-background="lightest-grey" data-module-category="" class="StoryContainer_mck-c-story-container__item__YhXnX"><div class="mck-o-container"><div class="mck-o-container--wrapped mck-o-container--mobile-spacing mdc-u-grid mdc-u-grid-col-md-12 StoryContainer_mck-c-story-container__content-item__fg74z"><div data-component="mdc-c-content-block" class="mdc-c-content-block___7p6Lu_2734c4f mdc-u-grid-gutter-md StoryContainer_mck-c-story-container__content-text__DEQ4O StoryContainer_mck-c-story-container__container-sticky__EK8hB StoryContainer_mck-c-story-container__container-sticky--extra-spacing__uDmVE mdc-u-grid-col-md-span-4"><div data-component="mdc-c-description" class="mdc-c-description___SrnQP_2734c4f mdc-u-ts-8 mck-u-links-inline"><div><p>Many Americans remain in a state of economic precarity. Only 48 percent of the respondents (down from 50 percent in March) said that they could cover more than two months of expenses if they lost their jobs. The challenge increases as the level of education falls: only 38 percent of respondents without college degrees report that they could cover more than two months of expenses if they lost their jobs.</p> <p>Groups reporting that their position has worsened since our March survey include women, people living in rural areas, and caregivers with a child or children at home.</p></div></div></div><div class="StoryContainer_mck-c-story-container__content-media__o8N4Z StoryContainer_mck-c-story-container__container-sticky__EK8hB StoryContainer_mck-c-story-container__container-sticky--extra-spacing__uDmVE mdc-u-grid-col-md-span-8"><div class=""><picture data-component="mdc-c-picture" class="Exhibit_mck-c-exhibit__image__pyIDm"><source media="(min-width: 768px)" srcSet="/~/media/mckinsey/featured%20insights/sustainable%20inclusive%20growth/america%202022%20in%20charts%20an%20economic%20opportunity%20snapshot/svgz-americanoppsurvey-ex2.svgz?cq=50&cpy=Center"/><img alt="Almost half of Americans report being on the financial brink." src="/~/media/mckinsey/featured%20insights/sustainable%20inclusive%20growth/america%202022%20in%20charts%20an%20economic%20opportunity%20snapshot/svgz-americanoppsurvey-ex2.svgz?cq=50&cpy=Center" loading="lazy"/></picture></div><div class="mck-u-sr-only"></div></div></div></div></div><div data-component="mdc-c-module-wrapper" data-module-theme="light" data-module-background="white" data-module-category="" class="StoryContainer_mck-c-story-container__item__YhXnX"><div class="mck-o-container"><div class="mck-o-container--wrapped mck-o-container--mobile-spacing mdc-u-grid mdc-u-grid-col-md-12 StoryContainer_mck-c-story-container__content-item__fg74z"><div data-component="mdc-c-content-block" class="mdc-c-content-block___7p6Lu_2734c4f mdc-u-grid-gutter-md StoryContainer_mck-c-story-container__content-text__DEQ4O StoryContainer_mck-c-story-container__container-sticky__EK8hB StoryContainer_mck-c-story-container__container-sticky--extra-spacing__uDmVE mdc-u-grid-col-md-span-4"><div data-component="mdc-c-description" class="mdc-c-description___SrnQP_2734c4f mdc-u-ts-8 mck-u-links-inline"><div><p>Although respondents reported many barriers to their economic well-being, access to healthcare and/or health insurance were far and away the most pressing. Moreover, healthcare-related barriers were slightly more likely to be included among respondents’ top three in this survey than they were in March. </p> <p>Americans with children at home experience these barriers most acutely. Such respondents were more likely than average to say that each barrier in the chart was a top three barrier to their well-being.</p></div></div></div><div class="StoryContainer_mck-c-story-container__content-media__o8N4Z StoryContainer_mck-c-story-container__container-sticky__EK8hB StoryContainer_mck-c-story-container__container-sticky--extra-spacing__uDmVE mdc-u-grid-col-md-span-8"><div class=""><picture data-component="mdc-c-picture" class="Exhibit_mck-c-exhibit__image__pyIDm"><source media="(min-width: 768px)" srcSet="/~/media/mckinsey/featured%20insights/sustainable%20inclusive%20growth/america%202022%20in%20charts%20an%20economic%20opportunity%20snapshot/svgz-americanoppsurvey-ex3.svgz?cq=50&cpy=Center"/><img alt="Americans report access to affordable healthcare as the greatest barrier to well-being." src="/~/media/mckinsey/featured%20insights/sustainable%20inclusive%20growth/america%202022%20in%20charts%20an%20economic%20opportunity%20snapshot/svgz-americanoppsurvey-ex3.svgz?cq=50&cpy=Center" loading="lazy"/></picture></div><div class="mck-u-sr-only"></div></div></div></div></div><div data-component="mdc-c-module-wrapper" data-module-theme="light" data-module-background="lightest-grey" data-module-category="" class="StoryContainer_mck-c-story-container__item__YhXnX"><div class="mck-o-container"><div class="mck-o-container--wrapped mck-o-container--mobile-spacing mdc-u-grid mdc-u-grid-col-md-12 StoryContainer_mck-c-story-container__content-item__fg74z"><div data-component="mdc-c-content-block" class="mdc-c-content-block___7p6Lu_2734c4f mdc-u-grid-gutter-md StoryContainer_mck-c-story-container__content-text__DEQ4O StoryContainer_mck-c-story-container__container-sticky__EK8hB StoryContainer_mck-c-story-container__container-sticky--extra-spacing__uDmVE mdc-u-grid-col-md-span-4"><div data-component="mdc-c-description" class="mdc-c-description___SrnQP_2734c4f mdc-u-ts-8 mck-u-links-inline"><div><p>Forty-nine percent of the respondents said that most Americans have opportunities to find good jobs, up seven percentage points from March. This rise in optimism could stem from the ongoing economic recovery and from the so-called <a href="/capabilities/people-and-organizational-performance/our-insights/great-attrition-or-great-attraction-the-choice-is-yours">Great Attrition</a>, which has increased the bargaining power of workers. </p> <p>Nonetheless, unemployed Americans cited the limited availability of jobs as a barrier to employment, suggesting that some workers are avoiding widely available entry-level jobs to search for others, perhaps with more pay or flexibility. Supporting that hypothesis: the second-most-cited barrier to employment was the need for more skills and education.</p> <p>Some barriers affected particular groups: the need to take care of family was the top pick of caregivers, for example, while “My identity (age, race, gender, sexuality)” was the top pick for workers over age 55.</p></div></div></div><div class="StoryContainer_mck-c-story-container__content-media__o8N4Z StoryContainer_mck-c-story-container__container-sticky__EK8hB StoryContainer_mck-c-story-container__container-sticky--extra-spacing__uDmVE mdc-u-grid-col-md-span-8"><div class=""><picture data-component="mdc-c-picture" class="Exhibit_mck-c-exhibit__image__pyIDm"><source media="(min-width: 768px)" srcSet="/~/media/mckinsey/featured%20insights/sustainable%20inclusive%20growth/america%202022%20in%20charts%20an%20economic%20opportunity%20snapshot/svgz-americanoppsurvey-ex4.svgz?cq=50&cpy=Center"/><img alt="Unemployed Americans cite limited job availability and a lack of experience, skills, or education as the greatest barriers to employment." src="/~/media/mckinsey/featured%20insights/sustainable%20inclusive%20growth/america%202022%20in%20charts%20an%20economic%20opportunity%20snapshot/svgz-americanoppsurvey-ex4.svgz?cq=50&cpy=Center" loading="lazy"/></picture></div><div class="mck-u-sr-only"></div></div></div></div></div><div data-component="mdc-c-module-wrapper" data-module-theme="light" data-module-background="white" data-module-category="" class="StoryContainer_mck-c-story-container__item__YhXnX"><div class="mck-o-container"><div class="mck-o-container--wrapped mck-o-container--mobile-spacing mdc-u-grid mdc-u-grid-col-md-12 StoryContainer_mck-c-story-container__content-item__fg74z"><div data-component="mdc-c-content-block" class="mdc-c-content-block___7p6Lu_2734c4f mdc-u-grid-gutter-md StoryContainer_mck-c-story-container__content-text__DEQ4O StoryContainer_mck-c-story-container__container-sticky__EK8hB StoryContainer_mck-c-story-container__container-sticky--extra-spacing__uDmVE mdc-u-grid-col-md-span-4"><div data-component="mdc-c-description" class="mdc-c-description___SrnQP_2734c4f mdc-u-ts-8 mck-u-links-inline"><div><p>When jobless respondents were asked about the causes of their unemployment, their answers collectively highlighted the challenges the pandemic has posed for lives and livelihoods everywhere. Thirty percent of the respondents (up from 27 percent in March) cited physical health as a cause, and 15 percent (up from 13 percent) cited mental health. Respondents who say they’ve stopped looking for work were the most likely to cite physical or mental health as a cause of their joblessness.</p> <p>A third explanation for unemployment—the need to take care of family—was cited by 12 percent of the respondents. Yet that percentage masked considerable differences: those with children at home were 2.4 times more likely to cite taking care of family as a reason for unemployment. Asian Americans were three times more likely to cite taking care of family than respondents of other races.</p></div></div></div><div class="StoryContainer_mck-c-story-container__content-media__o8N4Z StoryContainer_mck-c-story-container__container-sticky__EK8hB StoryContainer_mck-c-story-container__container-sticky--extra-spacing__uDmVE mdc-u-grid-col-md-span-8"><div class=""><picture data-component="mdc-c-picture" class="Exhibit_mck-c-exhibit__image__pyIDm"><source media="(min-width: 768px)" srcSet="/~/media/mckinsey/featured%20insights/sustainable%20inclusive%20growth/america%202022%20in%20charts%20an%20economic%20opportunity%20snapshot/svgz-americanoppsurvey-ex5-vf.svgz?cq=50&cpy=Center"/><img alt="Americans report physical health and mental health as the top causes of unemployment." src="/~/media/mckinsey/featured%20insights/sustainable%20inclusive%20growth/america%202022%20in%20charts%20an%20economic%20opportunity%20snapshot/svgz-americanoppsurvey-ex5-vf.svgz?cq=50&cpy=Center" loading="lazy"/></picture></div><div class="mck-u-sr-only"></div></div></div></div></div></div> <h3>Looking ahead</h3> <div data-component="mdc-c-module-wrapper" data-module-theme="light" data-module-background="lightest-grey" data-module-category="" data-module-gradient-position="bottom-right" class="mck-c-inline-module-container SideBar_mck-c-sidebar__bgimg-wrapper__Qj4Dt mck-o-sm-left-span SideBar_mck-c-sidebar__sidebar-wrapper__Dpjw2 SideBar_mck-c-sidebar__sidebar-wrapper--istablet__IQ6ii mck-u-screen-only mck-c-module-wrapper" data-layer-region="sidebar"><div class="SideBar_mck-c-sidebar__epoAm mck-o-md-center"><div class="SideBar_mck-c-sidebar__share-icons-wrapper__9gB_c"><div data-component="mdc-c-link-container" class="mdc-c-link-container___xefGu_2734c4f mdc-c-link-container--display-column___X0HDD_2734c4f SideBar_mck-c-sidebar__share-icons___eQy6"><div data-component="mdc-c-dropdown-menu" class="mdc-c-drop-down"><button data-component="mdc-c-button" aria-label="" type="button" id="button_id" class="mdc-c-button___U4iY2_2734c4f mdc-c-button--ghost mdc-c-button--size-medium mdc-c-drop-down__rootmenu___yJzvz_2734c4f" aria-expanded="false" aria-haspopup="menu"><span data-component="mdc-c-icon" class="mdc-c-icon___oi7ef_2734c4f mdc-c-icon--default___f-hQM_2734c4f mdc-c-icon--size-md___yi5fA_2734c4f mck-share2-icon"></span></button><div data-component="mdc-c-module-wrapper" data-module-theme="light" data-module-background="white" data-module-category="" class=""></div></div><button data-component="mdc-c-button" aria-label="Expandable Sidebar" type="button" id="button_id" class="mdc-c-button___U4iY2_2734c4f mdc-c-button--ghost mdc-c-button--size-medium SideBar_mck-c-sidebar__toggle-btn__EL8iE" aria-expanded="false" data-layer-event-prefix="UI Item" data-layer-action="click" data-layer-category="sidebar" data-layer-subcategory="open" data-layer-text="open sidebar"><span data-component="mdc-c-icon" class="mdc-c-icon___oi7ef_2734c4f mdc-c-icon--radial___y3csX_2734c4f mdc-c-icon--size-xxl___cL3ZT_2734c4f mck-plus-no-circle-icon"></span></button></div></div><div class="SideBar_mck-c-sidebar__content-outer__UdWCq"><div class="SideBar_mck-c-sidebar__eyebrow__5GSEq"></div><div class="SideBar_mck-c-sidebar__content__raEwe"><h2 data-component="mdc-c-heading" class="mdc-c-heading___0fM1W_2734c4f mdc-u-ts-3 SideBar_mck-c-sidebar__content-heading__NJekY"><div>About the authors</div></h2><div class="SideBar_mck-c-sidebar__content-description__4p9iI mdc-u-ts-7"><div class="mdc-o-content-body"><p>This article, a collaboration among Nathnael Bulcho, <a href="/our-people/andre-dua">Andre Dua</a>, <a href="/our-people/kweilin-ellingrud">Kweilin Ellingrud</a>, Tom Goldenberg, <a href="/sitecore/service/notfound.aspx?item=web%3a%7b2f04bdb5-20a1-4dbc-b8d1-43b795dce856%7d%40en">Michael Lazar</a>, Ryan Luby, and Sarah Pemberton, is part of an ongoing McKinsey research effort to understand the perceptions of, and barriers to, economic opportunity in America.</p></div></div></div></div></div></div> <p>As we found in the <a href="/featured-insights/sustainable-inclusive-growth/unequal-america-ten-insights-on-the-state-of-economic-opportunity">inaugural American Opportunity Survey</a>, in March, this new survey reminds us of the substantial—and stubbornly persistent—barriers preventing many Americans from having a more equitable, prosperous future. In particular, the lack of access to healthcare, mental-health care, and (for parents and caregivers) to childcare represent thorny challenges that leaders in all sectors may wish to prioritize.</p> <p>At the same time, the pulse-check nature of the survey points to intriguing, real-time developments for workers as America moves forward into 2022. Here are some of the possibilities we’ll be watching most closely:</p> <ul> <li>Will the divergence we observed between respondents’ positive-trending views of the near term, and their more negative-trending views of the longer term, continue?</li> <li>Will inflation continue into 2022? If so, what effect might it have on the perceived and real incomes of American workers?</li> <li>What effect will the continued normalization of US fiscal policy (including the end of stimulus payments) have on workers’ perception of their economic opportunity and well-being?</li> <li>Will the labor market return to something approximating a historical normal, or will the current—and unprecedented—mismatch between the supply of and demand for labor continue?</li> <li>What efforts can the private, public, and social sectors undertake to help provide the training and skills that workers say they need to find better jobs?</li> </ul></div><div class="container-placeholder"></div></div></div><div class="mdc-u-grid mdc-u-grid-gutter-xl"><section role="contentinfo" data-layer-region="article-about-authors" class="mdc-u-grid mdc-u-grid-col-md-12 AboutAuthor_mck-c-about-author__nRJzu"><div class="mdc-u-grid-col-md-start-2 mdc-u-grid-col-md-end-12 mdc-u-grid-col-lg-start-3 mdc-u-grid-col-lg-end-11"><h5 data-component="mdc-c-heading" class="mdc-c-heading___0fM1W_2734c4f mdc-c-heading--title___5qyOB_2734c4f mdc-c-heading--border___K8dj3_2734c4f mdc-u-align-center"></h5><div data-component="mdc-c-description" class="mdc-c-description___SrnQP_2734c4f mdc-u-ts-8 mck-u-links-inline mck-u-links-inline--secondary mdc-u-mt-5"><div><p><strong>Nathnael Bulcho </strong>is a consultant in McKinsey’s Washington, DC, office; <strong><a href="/our-people/andre-dua">Andre Dua</a></strong> is a senior partner in the Miami office; <strong><a href="/our-people/kweilin-ellingrud">Kweilin Ellingrud</a></strong> is a senior partner in the Minneapolis office; <strong>Tom Goldenberg</strong> is a consultant in the Stamford office; <strong><a href="/sitecore/service/notfound.aspx?item=web%3a%7b2f04bdb5-20a1-4dbc-b8d1-43b795dce856%7d%40en">Michael Lazar</a></strong> is a partner in the New York office, where <strong>Ryan Luby</strong> is a senior knowledge expert; and <strong>Sarah Pemberton</strong> is a consultant in the Hong Kong office.</p> <p>The authors wish to thank Eric Bochtler, Erica Coe, Jenny Cordina, Priya Das, Kana Enomoto, Nora Gardner, Jonathan Law, Savannah Leonard, Linda Liu, Sharon Mei, David Muir, Maurice Obeid, and Ben Saft for their contributions to this article.</p> <hr /> <p>This article was edited by Tom Fleming, an executive editor in the Chicago office.</p></div></div></div></section><section class="mdc-u-grid mdc-u-grid-col-md-12 mck-u-screen-only"><div class="mdc-u-grid-col-md-start-2 mdc-u-grid-col-md-end-12 mdc-u-grid-col-lg-start-5 mdc-u-grid-col-lg-end-9"><h5 data-component="mdc-c-heading" class="mdc-c-heading___0fM1W_2734c4f mdc-c-heading--title___5qyOB_2734c4f mdc-c-heading--border___K8dj3_2734c4f mdc-u-align-center">Explore a career with us</h5><div data-component="mdc-c-link-container" class="mdc-c-link-container___xefGu_2734c4f mdc-c-link-container--align-center___ar3mu_2734c4f"><a data-component="mdc-c-link" 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snapshot","fields":null,"databaseName":"web","deviceId":"fe5d7fdf-89c0-4d99-9aa3-b5fbd009c9f3","itemId":"1a83853d-f0f7-464e-a315-f4602e1c839d","itemLanguage":"en","itemVersion":3,"layoutId":"ae753eb4-a035-40b4-83bf-4b4438df6742","templateId":"683910db-02ba-40ba-92e7-726c880160a9","templateName":"ArticleJSS","placeholders":{"jss-main":[{"uid":"232bb7e9-289f-492d-a916-2b6185e44a84","componentName":"ArticleTemplate","dataSource":"","fields":{"data":{"articleTemplate":{"title":{"jsonValue":{"value":"America 2022 in charts: An economic opportunity snapshot"}},"sEOTitle":{"value":"American economic opportunity in 2022"},"description":{"jsonValue":{"value":"The latest American Opportunity Survey takes a pulse check of economic opportunity in America and highlights the barriers that must be overcome to ensure sustainable, inclusive economic growth for everyone."}},"sEODescription":{"value":"The latest American Opportunity Survey takes a pulse check of economic opportunity in America in 2022 and highlights the barriers that must be overcome."},"displayDate":{"jsonValue":{"value":"2021-12-13T00:00:00Z"}},"body":{"value":"[[Audio 1]]\n[[DownloadsSidebar]]\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCOVID-19. \u003c/strong\u003eThe vaccine. The Delta variant. And now the Omicron variant. The return from remote work (or not). The return from remote schooling (or not). The Great Resignation. The year 2021 has been unlike any other, challenging the resilience of American workers and their families in extraordinary ways.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhat might 2022 bring?\u003c/p\u003e\n[[Sidebar 1]]\n\u003cp\u003eTo find out, we surveyed a cross section of 5,000 Americans in the fall of 2021. Our goal: to take a pulse check on the current and future state of economic opportunity in the United States and to learn more about the challenges its workers face.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBelow we highlight five key insights from the survey. We hope they help spur meaningful reflection and conversation among public-, private-, and social-sector leaders about the state of sustainable, inclusive growth in America\u0026mdash;and the path ahead for making that growth a reality for everyone.\u003c/p\u003e\n[[PullQuote 1]]\n[[Story 1]]\n\u003ch3\u003eLooking ahead\u003c/h3\u003e\n[[Sidebar authors]]\n\u003cp\u003eAs we found in the \u003ca href=\"/featured-insights/sustainable-inclusive-growth/unequal-america-ten-insights-on-the-state-of-economic-opportunity\"\u003einaugural American Opportunity Survey\u003c/a\u003e, in March, this new survey reminds us of the substantial\u0026mdash;and stubbornly persistent\u0026mdash;barriers preventing many Americans from having a more equitable, prosperous future. In particular, the lack of access to healthcare, mental-health care, and (for parents and caregivers) to childcare represent thorny challenges that leaders in all sectors may wish to prioritize.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAt the same time, the pulse-check nature of the survey points to intriguing, real-time developments for workers as America moves forward into 2022. Here are some of the possibilities we\u0026rsquo;ll be watching most closely:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eWill the divergence we observed between respondents\u0026rsquo; positive-trending views of the near term, and their more negative-trending views of the longer term, continue?\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eWill inflation continue into 2022? If so, what effect\n might it have on the perceived and real incomes of\n American workers?\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eWhat effect will the continued normalization of US fiscal policy (including the end of stimulus payments) have\n on workers\u0026rsquo; perception of their economic opportunity\n and well-being?\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eWill the labor market return to something approximating\n a historical normal, or will the current\u0026mdash;and unprecedented\u0026mdash;mismatch between the supply of and demand for\n labor continue?\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eWhat efforts can the private, public, and social sectors undertake to help provide the training and skills that workers say they need to find better jobs?\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e"},"isFullScreenInteractive":{"boolValue":false},"hideStickySocialShareBar":{"boolValue":false},"desktopID":{"value":""},"mobileID":{"value":""},"desktopURL":{"value":""},"mobileURL":{"value":""},"desktopPaddingPercentage":{"value":""},"mobilePaddingPercentage":{"value":""},"desktopOverrideHeight":{"value":""},"mobileOverrideHeight":{"value":""},"cerosOembedURL":{"value":""},"cerosRenderMode":{"targetItem":null},"cerosBackgroundColor":{"targetItem":null},"hideByLine":{"boolValue":false},"tableOfContentsTitle":{"value":"TABLE OF CONTENTS"},"accessStatus":{"targetItem":{"key":{"value":"RegisteredUsers"},"value":{"value":"Registered Users"}}},"articleType":{"targetItem":{"displayName":"Article"}},"hasSpecialReport":{"boolValue":false},"contentType":{"targetItem":{"displayName":"Article"}},"sourcePublication":{"targetItem":null},"externalPublication":{"value":""},"mobileReady":{"boolValue":true},"forClientsOnly":{"boolValue":false},"excludeFromClientLink":{"boolValue":false},"originalPublishDate":{"jsonValue":{"value":"2021-12-13T00:00:00Z"}},"footnotes":{"value":""},"contributoryPractice":{"targetItems":[]},"aboutTheAuthors":{"value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNathnael Bulcho \u003c/strong\u003eis a consultant in McKinsey\u0026rsquo;s Washington, DC, office; \u003cstrong\u003e\u003ca href=\"/our-people/andre-dua\"\u003eAndre Dua\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e is a senior partner in the Miami office; \u003cstrong\u003e\u003ca href=\"/our-people/kweilin-ellingrud\"\u003eKweilin Ellingrud\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\nis a senior partner in the Minneapolis office; \u003cstrong\u003eTom Goldenberg\u003c/strong\u003e is a consultant in the Stamford office; \u003cstrong\u003e\u003ca href=\"/sitecore/service/notfound.aspx?item=web%3a%7b2f04bdb5-20a1-4dbc-b8d1-43b795dce856%7d%40en\"\u003eMichael Lazar\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e is a partner in the\nNew York office, where \u003cstrong\u003eRyan Luby\u003c/strong\u003e is a senior knowledge expert; and \u003cstrong\u003eSarah Pemberton\u003c/strong\u003e is\na consultant in the Hong Kong office.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe authors wish to thank Eric Bochtler, Erica Coe, Jenny Cordina, Priya Das, Kana Enomoto, Nora Gardner, Jonathan Law, Savannah Leonard, Linda Liu, Sharon Mei, David Muir, Maurice Obeid, and Ben Saft for their contributions to this article.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003chr /\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis article was edited by Tom Fleming, an executive editor in the Chicago office.\u003c/p\u003e"},"authors":{"targetItems":[]},"nonPartnerAuthors":{"targetItems":[]},"interactiveToUse":{"targetItem":null},"enableArticleComponents":{"boolValue":false},"relatedArticles":{"targetItems":[{"sourcePublication":{"targetItem":null},"publicationSource":null,"externalPublication":{"value":""},"title":{"value":"Unequal America: Ten insights on the state of economic opportunity"},"url":{"path":"/featured-insights/sustainable-inclusive-growth/unequal-america-ten-insights-on-the-state-of-economic-opportunity"},"eyebrow":{"targetItem":{"name":"Article"}},"articleType":{"targetItem":{"name":"Article"}},"contentType":{"targetItem":{"name":"Article"}},"description":{"value":"The inaugural McKinsey American Opportunity Survey spotlights Americans\u0026rsquo; 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But the slight uptick masks a broader ambivalence."},"mediaID":{"value":"1"},"renderMode":{"targetItem":{"key":{"value":"center"},"value":{"value":"center-align"}}},"citation":{"value":""},"enableQuotes":{"boolValue":false},"CTA":{"url":"","linkType":"internal","text":"","target":"","className":"","queryString":"","anchor":"","targetItem":null}}]},"disruptorsignup":{"results":[{"mediaID":{"value":"full-width"},"renderMode":{"targetItem":{"key":{"value":"fullwidth"},"value":{"value":"Full Width"}}},"callToAction":{"url":"/user-registration/register-mvc","text":"Subscribe"},"title":{"jsonValue":{"value":"Stay current on your favorite topics"}}},{"mediaID":{"value":"left"},"renderMode":{"targetItem":{"key":{"value":"left"},"value":{"value":"Left"}}},"callToAction":{"url":"/user-registration/register-mvc","text":"Subscribe"},"title":{"jsonValue":{"value":"Stay current on your favorite topics"}}}]},"articlesidebar":{"results":[{"mediaID":{"value":"authors"},"description":{"jsonValue":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis article, a collaboration among Nathnael Bulcho, \u003ca href=\"/our-people/andre-dua\"\u003eAndre Dua\u003c/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"/our-people/kweilin-ellingrud\"\u003eKweilin Ellingrud\u003c/a\u003e, Tom Goldenberg, \u003ca href=\"/sitecore/service/notfound.aspx?item=web%3a%7b2f04bdb5-20a1-4dbc-b8d1-43b795dce856%7d%40en\"\u003eMichael Lazar\u003c/a\u003e, Ryan Luby, and Sarah Pemberton, is part of an ongoing McKinsey research effort to understand the perceptions of, and barriers to, economic opportunity in America.\u003c/p\u003e"}},"aboutTheAuthors":{"jsonValue":{"value":""}},"headline":{"jsonValue":{"value":"About the authors"}},"footnotes":{"value":""},"showShareTools":{"boolValue":true},"backgroundColor":{"targetItem":{"key":{"value":"Lightest Grey"},"value":{"value":"lightest-grey"}}},"gradientDirection":{"targetItem":{"key":{"value":"Bottom Right"},"value":{"value":"bottom-right"}}},"renderMode":{"targetItem":{"key":{"value":"Collapsible"},"value":{"value":"default"}}},"isAboutAuthor":{"boolValue":false},"background":{"targetItem":null},"image":{"src":null,"alt":""}},{"mediaID":{"value":"1"},"description":{"jsonValue":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eOur survey questions on access to economic opportunity were inspired by the University of Michigan\u0026rsquo;s \u003ca href=\"http://www.sca.isr.umich.edu/\"\u003eIndex of Consumer Sentiment\u003c/a\u003e. For each respondent, we calculated a score from 0 to 200\u0026mdash;from a low perception (a pessimistic view of economic opportunity) to a high perception (an optimistic view). Scores were based on the respondents\u0026rsquo; answers to five questions: \u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eWe are interested in how much economic opportunity people have these\n days. Would you say that you and your family have more or fewer economic\n opportunities compared with 12 months ago?\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eLooking ahead, do you think that 12 months from now you and your family will\n have more or fewer economic opportunities?\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eTurning to economic opportunity in the country as a whole, do you think\n that during the next 12 months people in this country will have more or fewer\n economic opportunities?\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eLooking ahead over the next five years, which would you say is more likely\u0026mdash;\n that in the country as a whole there will be continuous growth in economic\n opportunity, or that economic opportunities will decline?\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eThinking again about the country as a whole, do you believe that our\n economy does a good or bad job of providing economic opportunities for\n all people?\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA respondent who gave low-perception responses to all five questions would score 0; five neutral-perception responses would score 100; and five high-perception responses would score 200. \u003c/p\u003e"}},"aboutTheAuthors":{"jsonValue":{"value":""}},"headline":{"jsonValue":{"value":"McKinsey Economic Opportunity Index"}},"footnotes":{"value":""},"showShareTools":{"boolValue":true},"backgroundColor":{"targetItem":{"key":{"value":"Lightest Grey"},"value":{"value":"lightest-grey"}}},"gradientDirection":{"targetItem":{"key":{"value":"Bottom Right"},"value":{"value":"bottom-right"}}},"renderMode":{"targetItem":{"key":{"value":"Collapsible"},"value":{"value":"default"}}},"isAboutAuthor":{"boolValue":false},"background":{"targetItem":null},"image":{"src":null,"alt":""}}]},"boxout":{"results":[]},"globalsidebar":{"results":[]},"video":{"results":[]},"scrollycontainer":{"results":[]},"bespokeinteractive":{"results":[]},"storycontainer":{"results":[{"id":"44A26806C72D4E758A8F3305DDD15949","mediaID":{"value":"1"},"collapseTopSpace":{"boolValue":false},"collapseBottomSpace":{"boolValue":false},"desktopTextColumnWidth":{"targetItem":null},"children":{"results":[{"id":"5BD70004E5FA40C2BEA6F4DFBDDFB2C7","name":"Ceros 1","template":{"name":"CerosForStory"},"title":{"value":""},"description":{"value":"Americans are marginally more optimistic about their access to economic opportunity than they were in March, when we conducted our first survey. But the slight uptick in the McKinsey Economic Opportunity Index indicated in the exhibit masks a broader ambivalence: while respondents are more optimistic than they were in March about their current opportunities, they are less optimistic about future growth. For example, 17 percent of the respondents (up from 10 percent in March) reported that they and their families have more economic opportunities than they did 12 months ago. Yet only 35 percent of the respondents, down from 41 percent in March, said that it\u0026rsquo;s likely the country as a whole will enjoy continuous growth in economic opportunity over the next five years. Notably, respondents of color appear less optimistic today than they\ndid in March."},"footnotes":{"value":""},"desktopID":{"value":"experience-61b0dcfea3827"},"desktopURL":{"value":"//view.ceros.com/mckinsey/americanoppsurvey-dec"},"desktopPaddingPercentage":{"value":"120.9"},"desktopOverrideHeight":{"value":""},"mobileID":{"value":"experience-61b0dcfea3827"},"mobilePaddingPercentage":{"value":"120.9"},"mobileOverrideHeight":{"value":""},"mobileURL":{"value":"//view.ceros.com/mckinsey/americanoppsurvey-dec"},"cerosOembedURL":{"value":""},"backgroundTheme":{"targetItem":{"key":{"value":"White"},"value":{"value":"-bg-white"}}},"mediaPlacement":{"targetItem":{"key":{"value":"Right"},"value":{"value":"is-align-right"}}},"eyebrow":{"value":""},"displayNumber":{"value":""},"scaleToFit":{"boolValue":false}},{"id":"8C1014248424443483EE2540B0259F5C","name":"Exhibit 2","template":{"name":"StoryItem"},"title":{"value":""},"description":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eMany Americans remain in a state of economic precarity. Only 48 percent of the respondents (down from 50 percent in March) said that they could cover more than two months of expenses if they lost their jobs. The challenge increases as the level of education falls: only 38 percent of respondents without college degrees report that they could cover more than two months of expenses if they lost\ntheir jobs.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGroups reporting that their position has worsened since our March survey include women, people living in rural areas, and caregivers with a child or children at home.\u003c/p\u003e"},"exhibitImage":{"src":"/~/media/mckinsey/featured insights/sustainable inclusive growth/america 2022 in charts an economic opportunity snapshot/svgz-americanoppsurvey-ex2.svgz","alt":"Almost half of Americans report being on the financial brink.","description":""},"scaleToFit":{"boolValue":false},"footnotes":{"value":""},"backgroundTheme":{"targetItem":{"key":{"value":"Gray"},"value":{"value":"-bg-lightest-grey"}}},"mediaPlacement":{"targetItem":{"key":{"value":"Right"},"value":{"value":"is-align-right"}}},"eyebrow":{"value":""},"displayNumber":{"value":""}},{"id":"592C131FE29A4451857CAC77CC2ED0CC","name":"Exhibit 3","template":{"name":"StoryItem"},"title":{"value":""},"description":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eAlthough respondents reported many barriers to their economic well-being, access to healthcare and/or health insurance were far and away the most pressing. Moreover, healthcare-related barriers were slightly more likely to be included among respondents\u0026rsquo; top three in this survey than they were in March. \u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAmericans with children at home experience these barriers most acutely. Such respondents were more likely than average to say that each barrier in the chart was a top three barrier to their\nwell-being.\u003c/p\u003e"},"exhibitImage":{"src":"/~/media/mckinsey/featured insights/sustainable inclusive growth/america 2022 in charts an economic opportunity snapshot/svgz-americanoppsurvey-ex3.svgz","alt":"Americans report access to affordable healthcare as the greatest barrier to well-being.","description":""},"scaleToFit":{"boolValue":false},"footnotes":{"value":""},"backgroundTheme":{"targetItem":{"key":{"value":"White"},"value":{"value":"-bg-white"}}},"mediaPlacement":{"targetItem":{"key":{"value":"Right"},"value":{"value":"is-align-right"}}},"eyebrow":{"value":""},"displayNumber":{"value":""}},{"id":"E29B28445816493EBFA3BAD5F66B5B26","name":"Exhibit 4","template":{"name":"StoryItem"},"title":{"value":""},"description":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eForty-nine percent of the respondents said that most Americans have opportunities to find good jobs, up\nseven percentage points from March. This rise in optimism could stem from the ongoing economic recovery and from\nthe so-called \u003ca href=\"/capabilities/people-and-organizational-performance/our-insights/great-attrition-or-great-attraction-the-choice-is-yours\"\u003eGreat Attrition\u003c/a\u003e, which\nhas increased the bargaining power\nof workers. \u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNonetheless, unemployed Americans cited the limited availability of jobs as a barrier to employment, suggesting that some workers are avoiding widely available entry-level jobs to search for others, perhaps with more pay or flexibility. Supporting that hypothesis: the second-most-cited barrier to employment was the need for more skills and education.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSome barriers affected particular groups: the need to take care of family was the top pick of caregivers, for example, while \u0026ldquo;My identity (age, race, gender, sexuality)\u0026rdquo; was the top pick for workers over age 55.\u003c/p\u003e"},"exhibitImage":{"src":"/~/media/mckinsey/featured insights/sustainable inclusive growth/america 2022 in charts an economic opportunity snapshot/svgz-americanoppsurvey-ex4.svgz","alt":"Unemployed Americans cite limited job availability and a lack of experience, skills, or education as the greatest barriers to employment.","description":""},"scaleToFit":{"boolValue":false},"footnotes":{"value":""},"backgroundTheme":{"targetItem":{"key":{"value":"Gray"},"value":{"value":"-bg-lightest-grey"}}},"mediaPlacement":{"targetItem":{"key":{"value":"Right"},"value":{"value":"is-align-right"}}},"eyebrow":{"value":""},"displayNumber":{"value":""}},{"id":"BF1ABDDE7B594A5CBE3C9F28C30F3A59","name":"Exhibit 5","template":{"name":"StoryItem"},"title":{"value":""},"description":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eWhen jobless respondents were asked about the causes of their unemployment, their answers collectively highlighted the challenges the pandemic has posed for lives and livelihoods everywhere. Thirty percent of the respondents (up from 27 percent in March) cited physical health as a cause, and 15 percent (up from 13 percent) cited mental health. Respondents who say they\u0026rsquo;ve stopped looking for work were the most likely to cite physical or mental health as a cause of their joblessness.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA third explanation for unemployment\u0026mdash;the need to take care of family\u0026mdash;was cited by 12 percent of the respondents. Yet that percentage masked considerable differences: those with children at home were 2.4 times more likely to cite taking care of family as a reason for unemployment. Asian Americans were three times more likely to cite taking care of family than respondents of other races.\u003c/p\u003e"},"exhibitImage":{"src":"/~/media/mckinsey/featured insights/sustainable inclusive growth/america 2022 in charts an economic opportunity snapshot/svgz-americanoppsurvey-ex5-vf.svgz","alt":"Americans report physical health and mental health as the top causes of 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