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u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_14906428 coauthored" data-work_id="14906428" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/14906428/A_Comparison_of_Door_to_balloon_Times_and_False_positive_Activations_between_Emergency_Department_and_Out_of_hospital_Activation_of_the_Coronary_Catheterization_Team">A Comparison of Door-to-balloon Times and False-positive Activations between Emergency Department and Out-of-hospital Activation of the Coronary Catheterization Team</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Objectives: The objectives were to compare the proportion of false-positive activations and intervention times between emergency department (ED) and field-based activation of the coronary catheterization laboratory (cath) team for... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_14906428" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Objectives: The objectives were to compare the proportion of false-positive activations and intervention times between emergency department (ED) and field-based activation of the coronary catheterization laboratory (cath) team for emergency medical services (EMS) patients identified by out-of-hospital (OOH) 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/14906428" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text 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data-has-card-for-user="33959048" href="https://utah.academia.edu/ScottYoungquist">Scott Youngquist</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="33959048" type="text/json">{"id":33959048,"first_name":"Scott","last_name":"Youngquist","domain_name":"utah","page_name":"ScottYoungquist","display_name":"Scott Youngquist","profile_url":"https://utah.academia.edu/ScottYoungquist","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-14906428">+2</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-14906428"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://healthsciences-ucla.academia.edu/JamesNiemann">James Niemann</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://healthsciences-ucla.academia.edu/AmyKaji">Amy Kaji</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-14906428'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-14906428').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_14906428 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="14906428"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 14906428, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_14906428", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_14906428 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14906428; 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js-work-card work_14906430 coauthored" data-work_id="14906430" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/14906430/The_Proinflammatory_Cytokine_Response_following_Resuscitation_in_the_Swine_Model_Depends_on_the_Method_of_Ventricular_Fibrillation_Induction">The Proinflammatory Cytokine Response following Resuscitation in the Swine Model Depends on the Method of Ventricular Fibrillation Induction</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">A systemic inflammatory response has been reported following resuscitation from cardiac arrest. The purpose of this study was to compare the magnitude of the TNF-alpha response in two different swine models of VF arrest.</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/14906430" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="1c7ba4441c8b8474012605d4b99c2854" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":43788589,"asset_id":14906430,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/43788589/download_file?st=MTc0MTk1MTE3OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="33959048" href="https://utah.academia.edu/ScottYoungquist">Scott Youngquist</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="33959048" type="text/json">{"id":33959048,"first_name":"Scott","last_name":"Youngquist","domain_name":"utah","page_name":"ScottYoungquist","display_name":"Scott Youngquist","profile_url":"https://utah.academia.edu/ScottYoungquist","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-14906430">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-14906430"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://healthsciences-ucla.academia.edu/JamesNiemann">James Niemann</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-14906430'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-14906430').html(); 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container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_14906430 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="14906430"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14906430; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14906430]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_14906430").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_14906430").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="14906430"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="258680" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cardiopulmonary_Resuscitation">Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="258680" type="text/json">{"id":28850,"name":"Linear models","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linear_models","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="410370" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_health_systems_and_services_research-1">Public health systems and services research</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="410370" type="text/json">{"id":244814,"name":"Clinical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Sciences","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1452652" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ventricular_Fibrillation">Ventricular Fibrillation</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1452652" type="text/json">{"id":258680,"name":"Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cardiopulmonary_Resuscitation","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=14906430]'), work: {"id":14906430,"title":"The Proinflammatory Cytokine Response following Resuscitation in the Swine Model Depends on the Method of Ventricular Fibrillation Induction","created_at":"2015-08-13T16:09:09.073-07:00","owner_id":33892782,"url":"https://www.academia.edu/14906430/The_Proinflammatory_Cytokine_Response_following_Resuscitation_in_the_Swine_Model_Depends_on_the_Method_of_Ventricular_Fibrillation_Induction","slug":"The_Proinflammatory_Cytokine_Response_following_Resuscitation_in_the_Swine_Model_Depends_on_the_Method_of_Ventricular_Fibrillation_Induction","dom_id":"work_14906430","summary":"A systemic inflammatory response has been reported following resuscitation from cardiac arrest. 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research","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_health_systems_and_services_research-1"},{"id":419370,"name":"Swine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Swine"},{"id":474029,"name":"Tumor necrosis factor-alpha","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tumor_necrosis_factor-alpha"},{"id":1272906,"name":"Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Enzyme_Linked_Immunosorbent_Assay"},{"id":1452652,"name":"Ventricular Fibrillation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ventricular_Fibrillation"}],"publication_year":2008,"publication_year_with_fallback":2008,"paper_rank":null,"all_time_views":19,"active_discussion":{}}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_14906432 coauthored" data-work_id="14906432" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/14906432/A_Bayesian_Sensitivity_Analysis_of_Out_of_hospital_12_lead_Electrocardiograms_Implications_for_Regionalization_of_Cardiac_Care">A Bayesian Sensitivity Analysis of Out-of-hospital 12-lead Electrocardiograms: Implications for Regionalization of Cardiac Care</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Background: The effectiveness of out-of-hospital regionalization of ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients to hospitals providing primary percutaneous coronary intervention depends on the accuracy of the out-of-hospital... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_14906432" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Background: The effectiveness of out-of-hospital regionalization of ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients to hospitals providing primary percutaneous coronary intervention depends on the accuracy of the out-of-hospital 12-lead electrocardiogram (PHTL). Although estimates of sensitivity and specificity of PHTL for STEMI have been reported, the impact of out-of-hospital STEMI prevalence on positive predictive value (PPV) has not been evaluated.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/14906432" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="db3a885b26ab89e9474d586de0a3d181" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":43788591,"asset_id":14906432,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/43788591/download_file?st=MTc0MTk1MTE3OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="33892782" href="https://healthsciences-ucla.academia.edu/JamesNiemann">James Niemann</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="33892782" type="text/json">{"id":33892782,"first_name":"James","last_name":"Niemann","domain_name":"healthsciences-ucla","page_name":"JamesNiemann","display_name":"James Niemann","profile_url":"https://healthsciences-ucla.academia.edu/JamesNiemann","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-14906432">+2</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-14906432"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://utah.academia.edu/ScottYoungquist">Scott Youngquist</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://healthsciences-ucla.academia.edu/AmyKaji">Amy Kaji</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-14906432'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-14906432').html(); 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Theorem","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bayes_Theorem-1"},{"id":901876,"name":"Sensitivity and Specificity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sensitivity_and_Specificity"},{"id":1318932,"name":"Predictive value of tests","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Predictive_value_of_tests"}],"publication_year":2007,"publication_year_with_fallback":2007,"paper_rank":null,"all_time_views":30,"active_discussion":{}}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_14906442 coauthored" data-work_id="14906442" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/14906442/Infliximab_attenuates_early_myocardial_dysfunction_after_resuscitation_in_a_swine_cardiac_arrest_model">Infliximab attenuates early myocardial dysfunction after resuscitation in a swine cardiac arrest model</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Objective-Left ventricular (LV) dysfunction after successful cardiopulmonary resuscitation contributes to early death following resuscitation. Proinflammatory cytokines are known to depress myocardial function and TNF-alpha has been shown... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_14906442" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Objective-Left ventricular (LV) dysfunction after successful cardiopulmonary resuscitation contributes to early death following resuscitation. Proinflammatory cytokines are known to depress myocardial function and TNF-alpha has been shown to increase after successful resuscitation. We hypothesized that blocking the effects of TNF-alpha with infliximab would prevent or minimize postresuscitation cardiac dysfunction.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/14906442" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="32ba3feac3832513311e45f2f7158fb2" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":43788585,"asset_id":14906442,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/43788585/download_file?st=MTc0MTk1MTE3OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="33892782" href="https://healthsciences-ucla.academia.edu/JamesNiemann">James Niemann</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="33892782" type="text/json">{"id":33892782,"first_name":"James","last_name":"Niemann","domain_name":"healthsciences-ucla","page_name":"JamesNiemann","display_name":"James Niemann","profile_url":"https://healthsciences-ucla.academia.edu/JamesNiemann","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-14906442">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-14906442"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://utah.academia.edu/ScottYoungquist">Scott Youngquist</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-14906442'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-14906442').html(); 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Proinflammatory cytokines are known to depress myocardial function and TNF-alpha has been shown to increase after successful resuscitation. 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factor-alpha","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tumor_necrosis_factor-alpha"},{"id":1029004,"name":"Tumor Necrosis Factor–α (TNF)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tumor_Necrosis_Factor-_TNF_"},{"id":1924712,"name":"Interleukin","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Interleukin"}],"publication_year":2010,"publication_year_with_fallback":2010,"paper_rank":null,"all_time_views":20,"active_discussion":{}}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_14906445 coauthored" data-work_id="14906445" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/14906445/Cardiac_Function_and_the_Proinflammatory_Cytokine_Response_After_Recovery_From_Cardiac_Arrest_in_Swine">Cardiac Function and the Proinflammatory Cytokine Response After Recovery From Cardiac Arrest in Swine</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Increased levels of cytokines have been reported after resuscitation from cardiac arrest. We hypothesized that proinfl ammatory cytokines, released in response to ischemia/reperfusion, increase following resuscitation and play a role in... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_14906445" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Increased levels of cytokines have been reported after resuscitation from cardiac arrest. We hypothesized that proinfl ammatory cytokines, released in response to ischemia/reperfusion, increase following resuscitation and play a role in post-cardiac arrest myocardial dysfunction. Ventricular fi brillation (VF) was induced by coronary occlusion in 20 swine. After 7 min of VF, resuscitation was performed as per guidelines. Plasma levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6 were measured 15 min after the start of resuscitation in all animals and at intervals of 6 h in resuscitated animals. Intravascular pressures and cardiac output (CO) were also recorded. TNF-α abruptly increased after resuscitation, peaking at 15 min following return of spontaneous circulation, and declined to baseline levels after 3 h. IL-1β increased more slowly, reaching a maximum 2 h after reperfusion. IL-6 concentrations were not signifi cantly different from control values at any time point. Males demonstrated greater elevations of TNF-α and IL-1β than females. Stroke work was signifi cantly depressed at all time points with a nadir at 15-30 min after reperfusion, corresponding to the peak TNF-α values. The anti-TNF-α antibody infl iximab attenuated the decrease in myocardial function observed 30 min after reperfusion. TNF-α increases during recovery from cardiac arrest are associated with depression of left ventricle (LV) function. The effect of TNF-α can be attenuated by anti-TNF-α antibodies.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/14906445" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="8826623f3726927de9e8cc399d63d0c8" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":43788580,"asset_id":14906445,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/43788580/download_file?st=MTc0MTk1MTE3OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="33892782" href="https://healthsciences-ucla.academia.edu/JamesNiemann">James Niemann</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="33892782" type="text/json">{"id":33892782,"first_name":"James","last_name":"Niemann","domain_name":"healthsciences-ucla","page_name":"JamesNiemann","display_name":"James Niemann","profile_url":"https://healthsciences-ucla.academia.edu/JamesNiemann","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-14906445">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-14906445"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://utah.academia.edu/ScottYoungquist">Scott Youngquist</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-14906445'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-14906445').html(); 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class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_14906453 coauthored" data-work_id="14906453" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/14906453/Does_prearrest_adrenergic_integrity_affect_pressor_response_A_comparison_of_epinephrine_and_vasopressin_in_a_spontaneous_ventricular_fibrillation_swine_model">Does prearrest adrenergic integrity affect pressor response? A comparison of epinephrine and vasopressin in a spontaneous ventricular fibrillation swine model</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Objectives-Coronary perfusion pressure (CPP) during resuscitation from cardiac arrest has been shown to correlate with return of spontaneous circulation. Adrenergic blockade of beta-1 and alpha-1 receptors is common in the long-term... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_14906453" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Objectives-Coronary perfusion pressure (CPP) during resuscitation from cardiac arrest has been shown to correlate with return of spontaneous circulation. Adrenergic blockade of beta-1 and alpha-1 receptors is common in the long-term management of ischemic heart disease and congestive heart failure. We sought to compare the CPP response to vasopressin vs. epinephrine in a swine model of cardiac arrest following pre-arrest adrenergic blockade.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/14906453" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="0cb78e290420555459f2d6df68eeb9f5" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":43788578,"asset_id":14906453,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/43788578/download_file?st=MTc0MTk1MTE3OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="33892782" href="https://healthsciences-ucla.academia.edu/JamesNiemann">James Niemann</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="33892782" type="text/json">{"id":33892782,"first_name":"James","last_name":"Niemann","domain_name":"healthsciences-ucla","page_name":"JamesNiemann","display_name":"James Niemann","profile_url":"https://healthsciences-ucla.academia.edu/JamesNiemann","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-14906453">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-14906453"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://utah.academia.edu/ScottYoungquist">Scott Youngquist</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-14906453'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-14906453').html(); 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A comparison of epinephrine and vasopressin in a spontaneous ventricular fibrillation swine model","created_at":"2015-08-13T16:09:11.826-07:00","owner_id":33892782,"url":"https://www.academia.edu/14906453/Does_prearrest_adrenergic_integrity_affect_pressor_response_A_comparison_of_epinephrine_and_vasopressin_in_a_spontaneous_ventricular_fibrillation_swine_model","slug":"Does_prearrest_adrenergic_integrity_affect_pressor_response_A_comparison_of_epinephrine_and_vasopressin_in_a_spontaneous_ventricular_fibrillation_swine_model","dom_id":"work_14906453","summary":"Objectives-Coronary perfusion pressure (CPP) during resuscitation from cardiac arrest has been shown to correlate with return of spontaneous circulation. Adrenergic blockade of beta-1 and alpha-1 receptors is common in the long-term management of ischemic heart disease and congestive heart failure. 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Fibrillation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ventricular_Fibrillation"}],"publication_year":2011,"publication_year_with_fallback":2011,"paper_rank":null,"all_time_views":16,"active_discussion":{}}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_14906454 coauthored" data-work_id="14906454" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/14906454/Hypocalcemia_following_resuscitation_from_cardiac_arrest_revisited">Hypocalcemia following resuscitation from cardiac arrest revisited</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Objective: Hypocalcemia associated with cardiac arrest has been reported. However, mechanistic hypotheses for the decrease in ionized calcium (iCa) vary and its importance unknown. The objective of this study was to assess the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_14906454" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Objective: Hypocalcemia associated with cardiac arrest has been reported. However, mechanistic hypotheses for the decrease in ionized calcium (iCa) vary and its importance unknown. The objective of this study was to assess the relationships of iCa, pH, base excess (BE), and lactate in two porcine cardiac arrest models, and to determine the effect of exogenous calcium administration on post-resuscitation hemodynamics. Methods: Swine were instrumented and VF was induced either electrically (EVF, n = 65) or spontaneously, ischemically induced (IVF) with balloon occlusion of the LAD (n = 37). Animals were resuscitated after 7 min of VF. BE, iCa, and pH, were determined prearrest and at 15, 30, 60, 90, 120 min after ROSC. Lactate was also measured in 26 animals in the EVF group. Twelve EVF animals were randomized to receive 1 g of CaCl 2 infused over 20 min after ROSC or normal saline. Results: iCa, BE, and pH declined significantly over the 60 min following ROSC, regardless of VF type, with the lowest levels observed at the nadir of left ventricular stroke work post-resuscitation. Lactate was strongly correlated with BE (r = −0.89, p < 0.0001) and iCa (r = −0.40, p < 0.0001). In a multivariate generalized linear mixed model, iCa was 0.005 mg/dL higher for every one unit increase in BE (95% CI 0.003-0.007, p < 0.0001), while controlling for type of induced VF. While there was a univariate correlation between iCa and BE, when BE was included in the regression analysis with lactate, only lactate showed a statistically significant relationship with iCa (p = 0.02). Post-resuscitation CaCl 2 infusion improved post-ROSC hemodynamics when compared to saline infusion (LV stroke work control 8 ± 5 g m vs 23 ± 4, p = 0.014, at 30 min) with no significant difference in tau between groups. Conclusions: Ionized hypocalcemia occurs following ROSC. CaCl 2 improves post-ROSC hemodynamics suggesting that hypocalcemia may play a role in early post-resuscitation myocardial dysfunction.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/14906454" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="9cd80ebad73750352e541087226fb29b" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":43788579,"asset_id":14906454,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/43788579/download_file?st=MTc0MTk1MTE4MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="33892782" href="https://healthsciences-ucla.academia.edu/JamesNiemann">James Niemann</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="33892782" type="text/json">{"id":33892782,"first_name":"James","last_name":"Niemann","domain_name":"healthsciences-ucla","page_name":"JamesNiemann","display_name":"James Niemann","profile_url":"https://healthsciences-ucla.academia.edu/JamesNiemann","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-14906454">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-14906454"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://utah.academia.edu/ScottYoungquist">Scott Youngquist</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-14906454'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-14906454').html(); 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However, mechanistic hypotheses for the decrease in ionized calcium (iCa) vary and its importance unknown. The objective of this study was to assess the relationships of iCa, pH, base excess (BE), and lactate in two porcine cardiac arrest models, and to determine the effect of exogenous calcium administration on post-resuscitation hemodynamics. Methods: Swine were instrumented and VF was induced either electrically (EVF, n = 65) or spontaneously, ischemically induced (IVF) with balloon occlusion of the LAD (n = 37). Animals were resuscitated after 7 min of VF. BE, iCa, and pH, were determined prearrest and at 15, 30, 60, 90, 120 min after ROSC. Lactate was also measured in 26 animals in the EVF group. Twelve EVF animals were randomized to receive 1 g of CaCl 2 infused over 20 min after ROSC or normal saline. Results: iCa, BE, and pH declined significantly over the 60 min following ROSC, regardless of VF type, with the lowest levels observed at the nadir of left ventricular stroke work post-resuscitation. Lactate was strongly correlated with BE (r = −0.89, p \u003c 0.0001) and iCa (r = −0.40, p \u003c 0.0001). In a multivariate generalized linear mixed model, iCa was 0.005 mg/dL higher for every one unit increase in BE (95% CI 0.003-0.007, p \u003c 0.0001), while controlling for type of induced VF. While there was a univariate correlation between iCa and BE, when BE was included in the regression analysis with lactate, only lactate showed a statistically significant relationship with iCa (p = 0.02). Post-resuscitation CaCl 2 infusion improved post-ROSC hemodynamics when compared to saline infusion (LV stroke work control 8 ± 5 g m vs 23 ± 4, p = 0.014, at 30 min) with no significant difference in tau between groups. Conclusions: Ionized hypocalcemia occurs following ROSC. CaCl 2 improves post-ROSC hemodynamics suggesting that hypocalcemia may play a role in early post-resuscitation myocardial dysfunction.","publication":"Resuscitation","publication_with_fallback":"Resuscitation","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":43788579,"asset_id":14906454,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/43788579/thumbnails/1.jpg","download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/43788579/Hypocalcemia_following_resuscitation_fro20160316-24601-1in73i9-libre.pdf?1458179306=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DHypocalcemia_following_resuscitation_fro.pdf\u0026Expires=1741954779\u0026Signature=SJOHQGohRGWQxu~tTTWi5~sxjmeMPif46SmCCNaIn1asdbWMcC4jFj36J6aoo9eFrvNXXIZ7c19S07er3lKVboR4QOlDHEqk25NpgHXmgda6-WgmN-e2QG34UqB3kxbJgAQhsoiwwg7SFwr5lZDmimZBLj0Y--M44kk77KiJapSQ8BxNFyxk8elf5EBaimcfskDUUW8RYDLl4~18YND9dHzy8Tq6qLz6Ljr2pX6TpFG-THDT1ewjPIGkO5pD~L2yPYIZmQXYoh-oaWhw~iGiaPRgcH8fV5IbiyjrTYBW7oOwJcMXRe2kUF6NgK2Co4jLtd3Mdpeuu1hb1fobIXe-rg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA","download_file_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/43788579/download_file?st=MTc0MTk1MTE4MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","full_thumbnail_url":"https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/43788579/mini_magick20190215-13182-6gt0tf.png?1550259578"}],"downloadable_attachments_with_full_thumbnails":[{"id":43788579,"asset_id":14906454,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/43788579/thumbnails/1.jpg","download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/43788579/Hypocalcemia_following_resuscitation_fro20160316-24601-1in73i9-libre.pdf?1458179306=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DHypocalcemia_following_resuscitation_fro.pdf\u0026Expires=1741954780\u0026Signature=dNB4d17kgRcEDq3vrTuUqYQ8X8hm0PIb~9nfkJYPh0nSWCFxfhhRaoBjCpwGiDEogUrv9CGNAH3gZ1npWaydsj1iKGYETnTWf9h9xMo73qj9-j~kHrwml5ydIIn06k~vgsO6WZiuAC3ou7slbV4SNao9klg5z81ArKpF0PWEgXTfsVbXWyEWwYcSpW-mVVhNQmS9fYRp4yd0wnO~myDNRhqAlDqqYiyVTppYNtsHY8R2regNVzCuR6CUtxOdjNznBa5wl9B1-zsZJauGST2UmwmhjiCW95cKh1JmhPQjZ9wS3iKH7WdiVXMcqWZYp0nt6rS6wfhG9NXpZm9Hv8gFsg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA","download_file_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/43788579/download_file?st=MTc0MTk1MTE4MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","full_thumbnail_url":"https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/43788579/mini_magick20190215-13182-6gt0tf.png?1550259578"}],"has_pdf":true,"has_fulltext":true,"page_count":6,"ordered_authors":[{"id":33892782,"first_name":"James","last_name":"Niemann","domain_name":"healthsciences-ucla","page_name":"JamesNiemann","display_name":"James Niemann","profile_url":"https://healthsciences-ucla.academia.edu/JamesNiemann","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"},{"id":33959048,"first_name":"Scott","last_name":"Youngquist","domain_name":"utah","page_name":"ScottYoungquist","display_name":"Scott Youngquist","profile_url":"https://utah.academia.edu/ScottYoungquist","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3243,"name":"Nonparametric Statistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nonparametric_Statistics","nofollow":true},{"id":9534,"name":"Calcium","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Calcium","nofollow":true},{"id":28850,"name":"Linear models","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linear_models","nofollow":true},{"id":61235,"name":"Cardiac arrest","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cardiac_arrest"},{"id":74347,"name":"Hemodynamics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hemodynamics"},{"id":99698,"name":"Resuscitation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Resuscitation"},{"id":244814,"name":"Clinical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Sciences"},{"id":258680,"name":"Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cardiopulmonary_Resuscitation"},{"id":410370,"name":"Public health systems and services research","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_health_systems_and_services_research-1"},{"id":413194,"name":"Analysis of Variance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Analysis_of_Variance"},{"id":419370,"name":"Swine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Swine"},{"id":925029,"name":"Calcium Chloride","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Calcium_Chloride"},{"id":1137254,"name":"Hydrogen-Ion Concentration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hydrogen-Ion_Concentration"}],"publication_year":2010,"publication_year_with_fallback":2010,"paper_rank":null,"all_time_views":17,"active_discussion":{}}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_14906455 coauthored" data-work_id="14906455" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/14906455/Transthoracic_defibrillation_potential_gradients_in_a_closed_chest_porcine_model_of_prolonged_spontaneous_and_electrically_induced_ventricular_fibrillation">Transthoracic defibrillation potential gradients in a closed chest porcine model of prolonged spontaneous and electrically induced ventricular fibrillation</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Objective: The purpose of this study was to measure the local electrical field or potential gradient, measured with a catheter-based system, required to terminate long duration electrically or ischaemically induced ventricular... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_14906455" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Objective: The purpose of this study was to measure the local electrical field or potential gradient, measured with a catheter-based system, required to terminate long duration electrically or ischaemically induced ventricular fibrillation (VF). We hypothesized that prolonged ischaemic VF would be more difficult to terminate when compared to electrically induced VF of similar duration. Methods: Thirty anesthetized and instrumented swine were randomized to electrically induced VF or spontaneous, ischaemically induced VF, produced by balloon occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery. After 7 min of VF, chest compressions were initiated and rescue shocks were attempted 1 min later. The potential gradient for each shock was measured and the mean values required for defibrillation compared for the VF groups. Results: The number of shocks and the shock strength required for termination of VF were not significantly different for the groups. The potential gradient of the first successful defibrillating shock was significantly greater in the spontaneous, occlusion-induced VF group (12.80 ± 2.82 V/cm vs 9.60 ± 2.48 V/cm, p = 0.002). The number of refibrillations was greater in the ischaemic group than in the non-ischaemic electrical group (6 ± 4 vs 1 ± 1, p < 0.001). The number of animals requiring a shock at 360 J was 2.5 times greater for the ischaemic group. Conclusions: Defibrillation of prolonged VF produced by acute myocardial ischaemia requires a significantly greater potential gradient to terminate than prolonged VF induced by electrical stimulation of the right ventricular endocardium. The VF duration used in this study approximates that occurring in victims of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Our findings may be of clinical importance in the management of such patients.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/14906455" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="617d8a6726d03d85ab32a12def43a7c8" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":43788598,"asset_id":14906455,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/43788598/download_file?st=MTc0MTk1MTE4MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="33959048" href="https://utah.academia.edu/ScottYoungquist">Scott Youngquist</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="33959048" type="text/json">{"id":33959048,"first_name":"Scott","last_name":"Youngquist","domain_name":"utah","page_name":"ScottYoungquist","display_name":"Scott Youngquist","profile_url":"https://utah.academia.edu/ScottYoungquist","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-14906455">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-14906455"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://healthsciences-ucla.academia.edu/JamesNiemann">James Niemann</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-14906455'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-14906455').html(); 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We hypothesized that prolonged ischaemic VF would be more difficult to terminate when compared to electrically induced VF of similar duration. Methods: Thirty anesthetized and instrumented swine were randomized to electrically induced VF or spontaneous, ischaemically induced VF, produced by balloon occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery. After 7 min of VF, chest compressions were initiated and rescue shocks were attempted 1 min later. The potential gradient for each shock was measured and the mean values required for defibrillation compared for the VF groups. Results: The number of shocks and the shock strength required for termination of VF were not significantly different for the groups. The potential gradient of the first successful defibrillating shock was significantly greater in the spontaneous, occlusion-induced VF group (12.80 ± 2.82 V/cm vs 9.60 ± 2.48 V/cm, p = 0.002). The number of refibrillations was greater in the ischaemic group than in the non-ischaemic electrical group (6 ± 4 vs 1 ± 1, p \u003c 0.001). The number of animals requiring a shock at 360 J was 2.5 times greater for the ischaemic group. Conclusions: Defibrillation of prolonged VF produced by acute myocardial ischaemia requires a significantly greater potential gradient to terminate than prolonged VF induced by electrical stimulation of the right ventricular endocardium. The VF duration used in this study approximates that occurring in victims of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Our findings may be of clinical importance in the management of such patients.","publication":"Resuscitation","publication_with_fallback":"Resuscitation","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":43788598,"asset_id":14906455,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/43788598/thumbnails/1.jpg","download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/43788598/j.resuscitation.2009.12.027-libre.pdf20160316-24606-9ifvek?1458179304=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DTransthoracic_defibrillation_potential_g.pdf\u0026Expires=1741954780\u0026Signature=gwJaO7jym37g2m9BX-SuNpsHxkLwktgxABgk4v2TwjMGx9lo8fVORWaTY2Ofc5-9CW0Hd1ENyyrueqFwnEeOi3dm0mqHE7usfuCRYR8NRVq00tnaSFq2fKdr6ySc2hr6RC3QOrB85rpClJOX65mFEwSxsXFc0BmjwsB9GNxzzY02p-3TjkVAJiF71iJldBDJsE8wLsxzuHI-~FY51IK0J-JhRwAB3amaCgTz3v-7r9vVvk4~HqzfIY6oFdiVJjpNNx~yGYySQ3JuKTmpfjBSEGfJeqHwvx7-TzOxmOYY78CrZPn8X0StbUaTKa9tLRvI7bgXbGZPqYZaGmoTArCs4g__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA","download_file_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/43788598/download_file?st=MTc0MTk1MTE4MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","full_thumbnail_url":"https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/43788598/mini_magick20190215-9929-196os5h.png?1550259576"}],"downloadable_attachments_with_full_thumbnails":[{"id":43788598,"asset_id":14906455,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/43788598/thumbnails/1.jpg","download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/43788598/j.resuscitation.2009.12.027-libre.pdf20160316-24606-9ifvek?1458179304=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DTransthoracic_defibrillation_potential_g.pdf\u0026Expires=1741954780\u0026Signature=gwJaO7jym37g2m9BX-SuNpsHxkLwktgxABgk4v2TwjMGx9lo8fVORWaTY2Ofc5-9CW0Hd1ENyyrueqFwnEeOi3dm0mqHE7usfuCRYR8NRVq00tnaSFq2fKdr6ySc2hr6RC3QOrB85rpClJOX65mFEwSxsXFc0BmjwsB9GNxzzY02p-3TjkVAJiF71iJldBDJsE8wLsxzuHI-~FY51IK0J-JhRwAB3amaCgTz3v-7r9vVvk4~HqzfIY6oFdiVJjpNNx~yGYySQ3JuKTmpfjBSEGfJeqHwvx7-TzOxmOYY78CrZPn8X0StbUaTKa9tLRvI7bgXbGZPqYZaGmoTArCs4g__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA","download_file_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/43788598/download_file?st=MTc0MTk1MTE4MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","full_thumbnail_url":"https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/43788598/mini_magick20190215-9929-196os5h.png?1550259576"}],"has_pdf":true,"has_fulltext":true,"page_count":4,"ordered_authors":[{"id":33959048,"first_name":"Scott","last_name":"Youngquist","domain_name":"utah","page_name":"ScottYoungquist","display_name":"Scott Youngquist","profile_url":"https://utah.academia.edu/ScottYoungquist","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"},{"id":33892782,"first_name":"James","last_name":"Niemann","domain_name":"healthsciences-ucla","page_name":"JamesNiemann","display_name":"James Niemann","profile_url":"https://healthsciences-ucla.academia.edu/JamesNiemann","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":99698,"name":"Resuscitation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Resuscitation","nofollow":true},{"id":244814,"name":"Clinical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Sciences","nofollow":true},{"id":410370,"name":"Public health systems and services research","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_health_systems_and_services_research-1"},{"id":419370,"name":"Swine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Swine"},{"id":1452652,"name":"Ventricular Fibrillation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ventricular_Fibrillation"}],"publication_year":2010,"publication_year_with_fallback":2010,"paper_rank":null,"all_time_views":10,"active_discussion":{}}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_14906458 coauthored" data-work_id="14906458" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/14906458/Beta_blocker_use_and_the_changing_epidemiology_of_out_of_hospital_cardiac_arrest_rhythms">Beta-blocker use and the changing epidemiology of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest rhythms</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Background-The incidence of ventricular fibrillation (VF) as the presenting rhythm in out-ofhospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is declining, whereas pulseless electrical activity (PEA) is increasing. This changing epidemiology has occurred... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_14906458" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Background-The incidence of ventricular fibrillation (VF) as the presenting rhythm in out-ofhospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is declining, whereas pulseless electrical activity (PEA) is increasing. This changing epidemiology has occurred concomitant with an increase in beta blocker use.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/14906458" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="13b68ae73b074dc1ddd667022168f9a7" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":43788574,"asset_id":14906458,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/43788574/download_file?st=MTc0MTk1MTE4MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="33892782" href="https://healthsciences-ucla.academia.edu/JamesNiemann">James Niemann</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="33892782" type="text/json">{"id":33892782,"first_name":"James","last_name":"Niemann","domain_name":"healthsciences-ucla","page_name":"JamesNiemann","display_name":"James Niemann","profile_url":"https://healthsciences-ucla.academia.edu/JamesNiemann","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-14906458">+2</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-14906458"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://utah.academia.edu/ScottYoungquist">Scott Youngquist</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://healthsciences-ucla.academia.edu/AmyKaji">Amy Kaji</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-14906458'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-14906458').html(); 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use.","publication":"Resuscitation","publication_with_fallback":"Resuscitation","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":43788574,"asset_id":14906458,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/43788574/thumbnails/1.jpg","download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/43788574/Beta-blocker_use_and_the_changing_epidem20160316-18498-12mcixa-libre.pdf?1458179307=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DBeta_blocker_use_and_the_changing_epidem.pdf\u0026Expires=1741954780\u0026Signature=B7doCz~oqKoJe5FO1VLgO~4ABebpUmFwHwz3d7A~-d1b1I8wxgwURvXOGu5mU5XL5hgGIAsN~DM7ymGxopNIw3PGGqHFZ843pECYkYOjSHw1h8fdR2MT4NRQATJl7m8ZlvjE6zBn5pai22gEytUy~6xOFT7QD3dbYMBXy0whMu1CknVhbFoiL1y6oQI3HeBx9wo1Ni-huSRcta7PkIwT0x7svm01C7Jel3tpChNOdMLF8QGjnv1hAlPS2bwFXUGTU01HGhMlywhWWn5~O0l95KgyPwZ--2IZBLQR4OmA3tI14iYs0T7hFs2sL2ghOzsrVk-Zyo24ezWtjT2FvqPJxg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA","download_file_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/43788574/download_file?st=MTc0MTk1MTE4MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","full_thumbnail_url":"https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/43788574/mini_magick20190215-20879-16spn2u.png?1550259588"}],"downloadable_attachments_with_full_thumbnails":[{"id":43788574,"asset_id":14906458,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/43788574/thumbnails/1.jpg","download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/43788574/Beta-blocker_use_and_the_changing_epidem20160316-18498-12mcixa-libre.pdf?1458179307=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DBeta_blocker_use_and_the_changing_epidem.pdf\u0026Expires=1741954780\u0026Signature=B7doCz~oqKoJe5FO1VLgO~4ABebpUmFwHwz3d7A~-d1b1I8wxgwURvXOGu5mU5XL5hgGIAsN~DM7ymGxopNIw3PGGqHFZ843pECYkYOjSHw1h8fdR2MT4NRQATJl7m8ZlvjE6zBn5pai22gEytUy~6xOFT7QD3dbYMBXy0whMu1CknVhbFoiL1y6oQI3HeBx9wo1Ni-huSRcta7PkIwT0x7svm01C7Jel3tpChNOdMLF8QGjnv1hAlPS2bwFXUGTU01HGhMlywhWWn5~O0l95KgyPwZ--2IZBLQR4OmA3tI14iYs0T7hFs2sL2ghOzsrVk-Zyo24ezWtjT2FvqPJxg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA","download_file_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/43788574/download_file?st=MTc0MTk1MTE4MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","full_thumbnail_url":"https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/43788574/mini_magick20190215-20879-16spn2u.png?1550259588"}],"has_pdf":true,"has_fulltext":true,"page_count":12,"ordered_authors":[{"id":33892782,"first_name":"James","last_name":"Niemann","domain_name":"healthsciences-ucla","page_name":"JamesNiemann","display_name":"James 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Fibrillation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ventricular_Fibrillation"},{"id":1819400,"name":"Cohort Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cohort_Studies"}],"publication_year":2008,"publication_year_with_fallback":2008,"paper_rank":null,"all_time_views":21,"active_discussion":{}}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_14906460 coauthored" data-work_id="14906460" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/14906460/Beta_blockade_causes_a_reduction_in_the_frequency_spectrum_of_VF_but_improves_resuscitation_outcome_A_potential_limitation_of_quantitative_waveform_measures">Beta-blockade causes a reduction in the frequency spectrum of VF but improves resuscitation outcome: A potential limitation of quantitative waveform measures</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Introduction: Methods to identify appropriate treatments for the various stages of ventricular fibrillation (VF) involve differentiating groups of subjects who will respond to defibrillation with return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC)... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_14906460" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Introduction: Methods to identify appropriate treatments for the various stages of ventricular fibrillation (VF) involve differentiating groups of subjects who will respond to defibrillation with return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) and those who require other therapies (e.g., CPR, drugs) prior to defibrillation. The use of quantitative waveform measures (QWM) which measure the frequency and fractal dimension of the VF electrocardiogram have shown success in predicting response to defibrillatory shock in animal models. Patients in cardiac arrest are often taking medications affecting adrenergic activity such as the beta blocker metoprolol and the combined alpha and beta blocker, labetalol. How this exposure might alter the QWM and ROSC rates is not known. Hyothesis: We sought to determine how pretreatment with adrenergic agents alters two QWM measures, the amplitude spectrum area (AMSA) and the detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA). We also examined how these medications alter the probability of ROSC after shock. Methods: A swine model of ischemically induced VF cardiac arrest was used in which metoprolol and labetalol were administered prior to VF onset. 30 swine were randomly assigned to three groups of 10; control, metoprolol and labetalol. They were anesthetized, intubated and given the appropriate study drug. A balloon catheter was placed in the LAD coronary artery and inflated until VF occurred. ECG was recorded at 1000 Hz for 7 min of untreated VF. Closed chest compressions were then begun and after 1 min a 200 J shock was delivered. Resuscitation was continued with repeat defibrillation shocks as indicated for 15 min or until ROSC was achieved (defined: systolic BP > 60 for 10 min). The Fourier frequency spectra, AMSA and DFA measures from VF onset to 7 min were calculated using custom MATLAB routines. The QWM were compared over the electrical and circulatory phases of VF using generalized estimating equations. The rates of ROSC in the three groups were compared using relative risk measures. Results: All 10 control animals fibrillated after coronary occlusion, 8 metoprolol and 7 labetalol animals fibrillated.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/14906460" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="27be239a55f3919075019945d4dc18dd" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":43788698,"asset_id":14906460,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/43788698/download_file?st=MTc0MTk1MTE4MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="33892782" href="https://healthsciences-ucla.academia.edu/JamesNiemann">James Niemann</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="33892782" type="text/json">{"id":33892782,"first_name":"James","last_name":"Niemann","domain_name":"healthsciences-ucla","page_name":"JamesNiemann","display_name":"James Niemann","profile_url":"https://healthsciences-ucla.academia.edu/JamesNiemann","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-14906460">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-14906460"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://utah.academia.edu/ScottYoungquist">Scott Youngquist</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-14906460'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-14906460').html(); 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The use of quantitative waveform measures (QWM) which measure the frequency and fractal dimension of the VF electrocardiogram have shown success in predicting response to defibrillatory shock in animal models. Patients in cardiac arrest are often taking medications affecting adrenergic activity such as the beta blocker metoprolol and the combined alpha and beta blocker, labetalol. How this exposure might alter the QWM and ROSC rates is not known. Hyothesis: We sought to determine how pretreatment with adrenergic agents alters two QWM measures, the amplitude spectrum area (AMSA) and the detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA). We also examined how these medications alter the probability of ROSC after shock. Methods: A swine model of ischemically induced VF cardiac arrest was used in which metoprolol and labetalol were administered prior to VF onset. 30 swine were randomly assigned to three groups of 10; control, metoprolol and labetalol. They were anesthetized, intubated and given the appropriate study drug. A balloon catheter was placed in the LAD coronary artery and inflated until VF occurred. ECG was recorded at 1000 Hz for 7 min of untreated VF. Closed chest compressions were then begun and after 1 min a 200 J shock was delivered. Resuscitation was continued with repeat defibrillation shocks as indicated for 15 min or until ROSC was achieved (defined: systolic BP \u003e 60 for 10 min). The Fourier frequency spectra, AMSA and DFA measures from VF onset to 7 min were calculated using custom MATLAB routines. The QWM were compared over the electrical and circulatory phases of VF using generalized estimating equations. The rates of ROSC in the three groups were compared using relative risk measures. Results: All 10 control animals fibrillated after coronary occlusion, 8 metoprolol and 7 labetalol animals fibrillated.","publication":"Resuscitation","publication_with_fallback":"Resuscitation","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":43788698,"asset_id":14906460,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/43788698/thumbnails/1.jpg","download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/43788698/j.resuscitation.2011.09.026-libre.pdf20160316-17855-1ppiqpc?1458179293=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DBeta_blockade_causes_a_reduction_in_the.pdf\u0026Expires=1741954780\u0026Signature=Fu1Q0LtV2dwoVCH8VuVcQWcZMUx5r-pDw9FYES59pyq2u9tLno55awvnY2G7Qpk5LlxhctOtoQezKYSoHfChvfsqMBd3J4s7dUxj7uY6DgqLnWTHHt0W7ndPNM~8HAN0DYectHNqXFbfQV-pQSOxs9-~q7B6B0YPVAJAy9m6rVkR8MxaF72ttSNHAWeHWEURLNEFNHOrahOgUCAAW-oKTejmO8mT5IUqsWLtOp9UkujCXV0TS3EUmC0pp4R-fSFjSCKqkTj4td8iWjxewY1izEjkDQKieB6f2mhLKFvCpBKpociaKo8XSW7l72yz-fDXuBrIu~2NH2x~QnSWpppdpw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA","download_file_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/43788698/download_file?st=MTc0MTk1MTE4MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","full_thumbnail_url":"https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/43788698/mini_magick20190215-13186-g05ei2.png?1550259562"}],"downloadable_attachments_with_full_thumbnails":[{"id":43788698,"asset_id":14906460,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/43788698/thumbnails/1.jpg","download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/43788698/j.resuscitation.2011.09.026-libre.pdf20160316-17855-1ppiqpc?1458179293=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DBeta_blockade_causes_a_reduction_in_the.pdf\u0026Expires=1741954780\u0026Signature=Fu1Q0LtV2dwoVCH8VuVcQWcZMUx5r-pDw9FYES59pyq2u9tLno55awvnY2G7Qpk5LlxhctOtoQezKYSoHfChvfsqMBd3J4s7dUxj7uY6DgqLnWTHHt0W7ndPNM~8HAN0DYectHNqXFbfQV-pQSOxs9-~q7B6B0YPVAJAy9m6rVkR8MxaF72ttSNHAWeHWEURLNEFNHOrahOgUCAAW-oKTejmO8mT5IUqsWLtOp9UkujCXV0TS3EUmC0pp4R-fSFjSCKqkTj4td8iWjxewY1izEjkDQKieB6f2mhLKFvCpBKpociaKo8XSW7l72yz-fDXuBrIu~2NH2x~QnSWpppdpw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA","download_file_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/43788698/download_file?st=MTc0MTk1MTE4MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","full_thumbnail_url":"https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/43788698/mini_magick20190215-13186-g05ei2.png?1550259562"}],"has_pdf":true,"has_fulltext":true,"page_count":6,"ordered_authors":[{"id":33892782,"first_name":"James","last_name":"Niemann","domain_name":"healthsciences-ucla","page_name":"JamesNiemann","display_name":"James Niemann","profile_url":"https://healthsciences-ucla.academia.edu/JamesNiemann","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"},{"id":33959048,"first_name":"Scott","last_name":"Youngquist","domain_name":"utah","page_name":"ScottYoungquist","display_name":"Scott Youngquist","profile_url":"https://utah.academia.edu/ScottYoungquist","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3243,"name":"Nonparametric Statistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nonparametric_Statistics","nofollow":true},{"id":39000,"name":"Electrocardiography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electrocardiography","nofollow":true},{"id":61235,"name":"Cardiac arrest","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cardiac_arrest","nofollow":true},{"id":99698,"name":"Resuscitation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Resuscitation","nofollow":true},{"id":129744,"name":"Confidence intervals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Confidence_intervals"},{"id":151951,"name":"Animal Model","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animal_Model"},{"id":244814,"name":"Clinical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Sciences"},{"id":258680,"name":"Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cardiopulmonary_Resuscitation"},{"id":347511,"name":"Electrocardiogram","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electrocardiogram"},{"id":410370,"name":"Public health systems and services research","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_health_systems_and_services_research-1"},{"id":413195,"name":"Time Factors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Time_Factors"},{"id":419370,"name":"Swine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Swine"},{"id":424295,"name":"Survival Rate","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Survival_Rate"},{"id":890611,"name":"Fractal Dimension","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fractal_Dimension"},{"id":993152,"name":"Sus 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resuscitation gender dependent in the swine model?</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Introduction-Reperfusion results in a proinflammatory cytokine response, as has been observed following resuscitation from cardiac arrest. Variations in the inflammatory response have been shown to be gender dependent and mediated by... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_14906461" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Introduction-Reperfusion results in a proinflammatory cytokine response, as has been observed following resuscitation from cardiac arrest. Variations in the inflammatory response have been shown to be gender dependent and mediated by steroid hormones. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the tumour necrosis factor-alpha response following resuscitation was gender dependent.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/14906461" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="7848a5dacacf6c6163ae6596c1744209" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":43788572,"asset_id":14906461,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/43788572/download_file?st=MTc0MTk1MTE4MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="33892782" href="https://healthsciences-ucla.academia.edu/JamesNiemann">James Niemann</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="33892782" type="text/json">{"id":33892782,"first_name":"James","last_name":"Niemann","domain_name":"healthsciences-ucla","page_name":"JamesNiemann","display_name":"James Niemann","profile_url":"https://healthsciences-ucla.academia.edu/JamesNiemann","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-14906461">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-14906461"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://utah.academia.edu/ScottYoungquist">Scott Youngquist</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-14906461'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-14906461').html(); 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Variations in the inflammatory response have been shown to be gender dependent and mediated by steroid hormones. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the tumour necrosis factor-alpha response following resuscitation was gender 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itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/14961267/Paramedic_Self_efficacy_and_Skill_Retention_in_Pediatric_Airway_Management">Paramedic Self-efficacy and Skill Retention in Pediatric Airway Management</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">Objectives: The objectives were to determine the effect of pediatric airway management training on paramedic self-efficacy and skill performance and to determine which of several retraining methods is superior.</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/14961267" data-share-source="work_strip" 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itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="33955858" href="https://healthsciences-ucla.academia.edu/MarianneGauschehill">Marianne Gausche-hill</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="33955858" type="text/json">{"id":33955858,"first_name":"Marianne","last_name":"Gausche-hill","domain_name":"healthsciences-ucla","page_name":"MarianneGauschehill","display_name":"Marianne Gausche-hill","profile_url":"https://healthsciences-ucla.academia.edu/MarianneGauschehill","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-14961267">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-14961267"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://utah.academia.edu/ScottYoungquist">Scott Youngquist</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-14961267'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-14961267').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_14961267 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="14961267"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 14961267, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_14961267", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_14961267 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 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research</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="410370" type="text/json">{"id":10668,"name":"Problem Based Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Problem_Based_Learning","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="704648" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Competence">Clinical Competence</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="704648" type="text/json">{"id":22506,"name":"Adolescent","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adolescent","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=14961267]'), work: {"id":14961267,"title":"Paramedic Self-efficacy and Skill Retention in Pediatric Airway 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studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prospective_studies"},{"id":64933,"name":"Child","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Child"},{"id":134346,"name":"Infant","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infant"},{"id":244814,"name":"Clinical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Sciences"},{"id":410370,"name":"Public health systems and services research","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_health_systems_and_services_research-1"},{"id":704648,"name":"Clinical Competence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Competence"},{"id":1131312,"name":"Academic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Academic"}],"publication_year":2008,"publication_year_with_fallback":2008,"paper_rank":null,"all_time_views":70,"active_discussion":{}}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_14961281 coauthored" data-work_id="14961281" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/14961281/Barriers_to_Adoption_of_Evidence_Based_Prehospital_Airway_Management_Practices_in_California">Barriers to Adoption of Evidence-Based Prehospital Airway Management Practices in California</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Objective. To describe current prehospital airway management practices for adults and children and barriers to adoption of evidence-based airway management practices in California. Methods. We surveyed local medical directors of... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_14961281" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Objective. To describe current prehospital airway management practices for adults and children and barriers to adoption of evidence-based airway management practices in California. Methods. We surveyed local medical directors of California's 31 emergency medical services (EMS) agencies regarding prehospital airway management, including provider scope of practice, continuous quality improvement practices, and perceptions regarding barriers to the implementation of evidence-based airway management practices. The survey instrument was a Web-based, closedresponse form (<a href="http://www.surveymonkey.com" rel="nofollow">www.surveymonkey.com</a>) that medical directors could access by an e-mailed link provided by investigators. Medical directors were contacted by phone, mail, and e-mail to request their participation in the Web-based survey. Results. Twenty-five of 31 (81%) EMS medical directors completed the survey. Five medical directors completed surveys for two agencies over which they had responsibility. All responding medical directors employ bag-mask ventilation (BMV), airway adjuncts, and adult endotracheal intubation (ETI), which are procedures widely accepted in EMS practice. Rapid-sequence intubation (RSI), which has been shown to cause harm in certain patient subgroups, was not employed by any of the respondents. Prehospital pediatric ETI, which</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/14961281" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="c1d6031824486d1ff1a51b6273498564" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":43698251,"asset_id":14961281,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/43698251/download_file?st=MTc0MTk1MTE4MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="34116569" href="https://independent.academia.edu/BenjaminSquire">Benjamin Squire</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="34116569" type="text/json">{"id":34116569,"first_name":"Benjamin","last_name":"Squire","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"BenjaminSquire","display_name":"Benjamin Squire","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/BenjaminSquire","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/34116569/10012262/11167326/s65_benjamin.squire.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-14961281">+2</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-14961281"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://healthsciences-ucla.academia.edu/MarianneGauschehill">Marianne Gausche-hill</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://utah.academia.edu/ScottYoungquist">Scott Youngquist</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-14961281'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-14961281').html(); 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To describe current prehospital airway management practices for adults and children and barriers to adoption of evidence-based airway management practices in California. Methods. We surveyed local medical directors of California's 31 emergency medical services (EMS) agencies regarding prehospital airway management, including provider scope of practice, continuous quality improvement practices, and perceptions regarding barriers to the implementation of evidence-based airway management practices. The survey instrument was a Web-based, closedresponse form (www.surveymonkey.com) that medical directors could access by an e-mailed link provided by investigators. Medical directors were contacted by phone, mail, and e-mail to request their participation in the Web-based survey. Results. Twenty-five of 31 (81%) EMS medical directors completed the survey. Five medical directors completed surveys for two agencies over which they had responsibility. All responding medical directors employ bag-mask ventilation (BMV), airway adjuncts, and adult endotracheal intubation (ETI), which are procedures widely accepted in EMS practice. Rapid-sequence intubation (RSI), which has been shown to cause harm in certain patient subgroups, was not employed by any of the respondents. Prehospital pediatric ETI, which","publication":"Prehospital Emergency Care","publication_with_fallback":"Prehospital Emergency 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Squire","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/BenjaminSquire","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/34116569/10012262/11167326/s65_benjamin.squire.jpg"},{"id":33955858,"first_name":"Marianne","last_name":"Gausche-hill","domain_name":"healthsciences-ucla","page_name":"MarianneGauschehill","display_name":"Marianne Gausche-hill","profile_url":"https://healthsciences-ucla.academia.edu/MarianneGauschehill","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"},{"id":33959048,"first_name":"Scott","last_name":"Youngquist","domain_name":"utah","page_name":"ScottYoungquist","display_name":"Scott Youngquist","profile_url":"https://utah.academia.edu/ScottYoungquist","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":588,"name":"Nursing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nursing","nofollow":true},{"id":631,"name":"Pediatrics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pediatrics","nofollow":true},{"id":3645,"name":"Evidence Based Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evidence_Based_Medicine","nofollow":true},{"id":23246,"name":"Airway Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Airway_Management","nofollow":true},{"id":50113,"name":"California","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/California"},{"id":55154,"name":"Prehospital Emergency Care","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prehospital_Emergency_Care"},{"id":133652,"name":"Diffusion of Innovation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Diffusion_of_Innovation"},{"id":244814,"name":"Clinical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Sciences"},{"id":410370,"name":"Public health systems and services research","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_health_systems_and_services_research-1"},{"id":422088,"name":"Management Practice","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Management_Practice"}],"publication_year":2010,"publication_year_with_fallback":2010,"paper_rank":null,"all_time_views":49,"active_discussion":{}}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_14961354 coauthored" data-work_id="14961354" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/14961354/The_Need_for_Uniform_Definitions_in_the_Regionalized_Care_of_ST_segment_Elevation_Myocardial_Infarction">The Need for Uniform Definitions in the Regionalized Care of ST-segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div 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itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://healthsciences-ucla.academia.edu/JamesNiemann">James Niemann</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://utah.academia.edu/ScottYoungquist">Scott Youngquist</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-14961354'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-14961354').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_14961354 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="14961354"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 14961354, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_14961354", }); 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window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14961354]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_14961354").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_14961354").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="14961354"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="167876" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Myocardial_Revascularization">Myocardial Revascularization</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="167876" type="text/json">{"id":39000,"name":"Electrocardiography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electrocardiography","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="291048" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cardiac_Catheterization">Cardiac Catheterization</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="291048" type="text/json">{"id":167876,"name":"Myocardial Revascularization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Myocardial_Revascularization","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="410370" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_health_systems_and_services_research-1">Public health systems and services research</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="410370" type="text/json">{"id":244814,"name":"Clinical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Sciences","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="568482" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_markers">Biological markers</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="568482" type="text/json">{"id":291048,"name":"Cardiac Catheterization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cardiac_Catheterization","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=14961354]'), work: {"id":14961354,"title":"The Need for Uniform Definitions in the Regionalized Care of ST-segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction","created_at":"2015-08-16T11:28:58.713-07:00","owner_id":33956001,"url":"https://www.academia.edu/14961354/The_Need_for_Uniform_Definitions_in_the_Regionalized_Care_of_ST_segment_Elevation_Myocardial_Infarction","slug":"The_Need_for_Uniform_Definitions_in_the_Regionalized_Care_of_ST_segment_Elevation_Myocardial_Infarction","dom_id":"work_14961354","summary":null,"publication":"Academic Emergency Medicine","publication_with_fallback":"Academic Emergency Medicine","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":43697844,"asset_id":14961354,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/43697844/thumbnails/1.jpg","download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/43697844/The_need_for_uniform_definitions_in_the_20160313-20029-80bjlm-libre.pdf?1457918875=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_Need_for_Uniform_Definitions_in_the.pdf\u0026Expires=1741458638\u0026Signature=CfxxRzcN3ZK6haW7sswPYCe8DjSJ6~SKtAYLp6acIMQYpWFjwLJCz9avHNmwsaFwdSF1AqC42uIa7GwY2msZoRykXAxbUkDsozOD3oASXZf0gyrLC3ZOm-H4r7n7Udla3kHwcE45kShCNnTMWAvRUqWBDJ7m7-VMVStnxULi3mvAT3yK2UEGouVtshL8~WEz7j0aY7D9EN0KvAofzWWcFr-TnAzSfMIxduXT83FIClYopMM70XodA0nWgeEhbukArmB3GDUVfcyfO13koYYvER60KyX1TBNsEqRN5YKXiAvAuAhtpuXljBT2pHG80q-Mnzsn6Cn3Z3d5IKCaqi-7lQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA","download_file_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/43697844/download_file?st=MTc0MTk1MTE4MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","full_thumbnail_url":"https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/43697844/mini_magick20190215-4241-1fburd9.png?1550273157"}],"downloadable_attachments_with_full_thumbnails":[{"id":43697844,"asset_id":14961354,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/43697844/thumbnails/1.jpg","download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/43697844/The_need_for_uniform_definitions_in_the_20160313-20029-80bjlm-libre.pdf?1457918875=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_Need_for_Uniform_Definitions_in_the.pdf\u0026Expires=1741458638\u0026Signature=CfxxRzcN3ZK6haW7sswPYCe8DjSJ6~SKtAYLp6acIMQYpWFjwLJCz9avHNmwsaFwdSF1AqC42uIa7GwY2msZoRykXAxbUkDsozOD3oASXZf0gyrLC3ZOm-H4r7n7Udla3kHwcE45kShCNnTMWAvRUqWBDJ7m7-VMVStnxULi3mvAT3yK2UEGouVtshL8~WEz7j0aY7D9EN0KvAofzWWcFr-TnAzSfMIxduXT83FIClYopMM70XodA0nWgeEhbukArmB3GDUVfcyfO13koYYvER60KyX1TBNsEqRN5YKXiAvAuAhtpuXljBT2pHG80q-Mnzsn6Cn3Z3d5IKCaqi-7lQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA","download_file_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/43697844/download_file?st=MTc0MTk1MTE4MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","full_thumbnail_url":"https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/43697844/mini_magick20190215-4241-1fburd9.png?1550273157"}],"has_pdf":true,"has_fulltext":true,"page_count":3,"ordered_authors":[{"id":33956001,"first_name":"Amy","last_name":"Kaji","domain_name":"healthsciences-ucla","page_name":"AmyKaji","display_name":"Amy Kaji","profile_url":"https://healthsciences-ucla.academia.edu/AmyKaji","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"},{"id":33892782,"first_name":"James","last_name":"Niemann","domain_name":"healthsciences-ucla","page_name":"JamesNiemann","display_name":"James Niemann","profile_url":"https://healthsciences-ucla.academia.edu/JamesNiemann","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"},{"id":33959048,"first_name":"Scott","last_name":"Youngquist","domain_name":"utah","page_name":"ScottYoungquist","display_name":"Scott Youngquist","profile_url":"https://utah.academia.edu/ScottYoungquist","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":39000,"name":"Electrocardiography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electrocardiography","nofollow":true},{"id":167876,"name":"Myocardial Revascularization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Myocardial_Revascularization","nofollow":true},{"id":244814,"name":"Clinical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Sciences","nofollow":true},{"id":291048,"name":"Cardiac Catheterization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cardiac_Catheterization","nofollow":true},{"id":378016,"name":"Myocardial Infarction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Myocardial_Infarction"},{"id":410370,"name":"Public health systems and services research","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_health_systems_and_services_research-1"},{"id":568482,"name":"Biological markers","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_markers"}],"publication_year":2008,"publication_year_with_fallback":2008,"paper_rank":null,"all_time_views":5,"active_discussion":{}}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_14965022" data-work_id="14965022" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/14965022/Air_Medical_Transport_of_Prisoners">Air Medical Transport of Prisoners</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The medical problems of the incarcerated population often require emergent transport to medical facilities via air or ground. The transport of this population, however, can be logistically challenging because of the potentially dangerous... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_14965022" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The medical problems of the incarcerated population often require emergent transport to medical facilities via air or ground. The transport of this population, however, can be logistically challenging because of the potentially dangerous nature of the patients and requirements for accompanying security personnel. Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted of prisoners transported by our air medical service from January 1, 2000 to December 31, 2008. We examined demographics, reason for call, type of patient, procedures performed by air medical crews during transport, and disposition from the emergency department. Results: Twenty-nine patients (0.3%) of the 11,448 helicopter transports during the study period were transported from correctional facilities, 17 of which were medical in nature and 12 of which had a traumatic mechanism. Fifteen (51.7%) were admitted to the operating room or intensive care unit after emergency treatment. The median scene time for these transports was 20.7 minutes and was significantly different from that of both scene and interfacility transports (median scene times of 13.7 and 31.0 minutes, respectively). Conclusion: Medical and traumatic problems of this transported population spanned a large variety of emergency complaints. Scene times reflected the nature of these transports and were not excessively long. Air medical programs should be aware of the medical problems of these patients and take measures to protect their crew when transporting this population.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/14965022" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f3e464262ef2566a2c8b9cac9222d079" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":43695029,"asset_id":14965022,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/43695029/download_file?st=MTc0MTk1MTE4MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="33959048" href="https://utah.academia.edu/ScottYoungquist">Scott Youngquist</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="33959048" type="text/json">{"id":33959048,"first_name":"Scott","last_name":"Youngquist","domain_name":"utah","page_name":"ScottYoungquist","display_name":"Scott Youngquist","profile_url":"https://utah.academia.edu/ScottYoungquist","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_14965022 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="14965022"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 14965022, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_14965022", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_14965022 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14965022; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_14965022"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_14965022 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="14965022"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14965022; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14965022]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_14965022").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_14965022").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="14965022"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">2</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="588" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nursing">Nursing</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="588" type="text/json">{"id":588,"name":"Nursing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nursing","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="289315" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Safety_Management">Safety Management</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="289315" type="text/json">{"id":98134,"name":"United States","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/United_States","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=14965022]'), work: {"id":14965022,"title":"Air Medical Transport of Prisoners","created_at":"2015-08-16T14:36:31.570-07:00","owner_id":33959048,"url":"https://www.academia.edu/14965022/Air_Medical_Transport_of_Prisoners","slug":"Air_Medical_Transport_of_Prisoners","dom_id":"work_14965022","summary":"The medical problems of the incarcerated population often require emergent transport to medical facilities via air or ground. The transport of this population, however, can be logistically challenging because of the potentially dangerous nature of the patients and requirements for accompanying security personnel. Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted of prisoners transported by our air medical service from January 1, 2000 to December 31, 2008. We examined demographics, reason for call, type of patient, procedures performed by air medical crews during transport, and disposition from the emergency department. Results: Twenty-nine patients (0.3%) of the 11,448 helicopter transports during the study period were transported from correctional facilities, 17 of which were medical in nature and 12 of which had a traumatic mechanism. Fifteen (51.7%) were admitted to the operating room or intensive care unit after emergency treatment. The median scene time for these transports was 20.7 minutes and was significantly different from that of both scene and interfacility transports (median scene times of 13.7 and 31.0 minutes, respectively). Conclusion: Medical and traumatic problems of this transported population spanned a large variety of emergency complaints. Scene times reflected the nature of these transports and were not excessively long. Air medical programs should be aware of the medical problems of these patients and take measures to protect their crew when transporting this population.","publication":"Air Medical Journal","publication_with_fallback":"Air Medical Journal","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":43695029,"asset_id":14965022,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/43695029/thumbnails/1.jpg","download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/43695029/j.amj.2010.01.005-libre.pdf20160313-26923-1rirdc9?1457909282=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DAir_Medical_Transport_of_Prisoners.pdf\u0026Expires=1741954781\u0026Signature=VhHuhszopdgAgljlDvZXAb0YmMQJ~5ZZ~Tt6VExRWm4B97stzbbWGD-4pfX6wViahhCupbLCnMv7~tnxm8PwU~6Qy55u8eghHAYQmuzAsKM4NEgC--RiYKEDnCH7WKweYQ~p0zXchoz718Wh4WgM1E0JpdQDXSTPcu48KAlYmGa4gH7JB-wNonLYzTn47UM~zsVJml8EA9Cvx-VpjSRujXs-NO4otJOO00RtNCSUrDDHZkEPl6o0wTZrFlhg7RgOMngykkfA~uOBkgLU~lyNlIXwEmlElxETlnfLwQm2jmR4UwIGSmBd-VJLxfTskgqCle0aC09xagExVKyivIpg0Q__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA","download_file_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/43695029/download_file?st=MTc0MTk1MTE4MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","full_thumbnail_url":"https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/43695029/mini_magick20190215-18396-eicuf6.png?1550273500"}],"downloadable_attachments_with_full_thumbnails":[{"id":43695029,"asset_id":14965022,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/43695029/thumbnails/1.jpg","download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/43695029/j.amj.2010.01.005-libre.pdf20160313-26923-1rirdc9?1457909282=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DAir_Medical_Transport_of_Prisoners.pdf\u0026Expires=1741954781\u0026Signature=VhHuhszopdgAgljlDvZXAb0YmMQJ~5ZZ~Tt6VExRWm4B97stzbbWGD-4pfX6wViahhCupbLCnMv7~tnxm8PwU~6Qy55u8eghHAYQmuzAsKM4NEgC--RiYKEDnCH7WKweYQ~p0zXchoz718Wh4WgM1E0JpdQDXSTPcu48KAlYmGa4gH7JB-wNonLYzTn47UM~zsVJml8EA9Cvx-VpjSRujXs-NO4otJOO00RtNCSUrDDHZkEPl6o0wTZrFlhg7RgOMngykkfA~uOBkgLU~lyNlIXwEmlElxETlnfLwQm2jmR4UwIGSmBd-VJLxfTskgqCle0aC09xagExVKyivIpg0Q__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA","download_file_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/43695029/download_file?st=MTc0MTk1MTE4MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","full_thumbnail_url":"https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/43695029/mini_magick20190215-18396-eicuf6.png?1550273500"}],"has_pdf":true,"has_fulltext":true,"page_count":4,"ordered_authors":[{"id":33959048,"first_name":"Scott","last_name":"Youngquist","domain_name":"utah","page_name":"ScottYoungquist","display_name":"Scott Youngquist","profile_url":"https://utah.academia.edu/ScottYoungquist","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":588,"name":"Nursing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nursing","nofollow":true},{"id":98134,"name":"United States","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/United_States","nofollow":true},{"id":289271,"name":"Aged","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aged"},{"id":289315,"name":"Safety Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Safety_Management"},{"id":301567,"name":"Prisoners","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prisoners"},{"id":469105,"name":"Retrospective Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Retrospective_Studies"}],"publication_year":2010,"publication_year_with_fallback":2010,"paper_rank":null,"all_time_views":60,"active_discussion":{}}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_14965025" data-work_id="14965025" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/14965025/Sensitivity_of_Newer_generation_Computed_Tomography_Scanners_for_Subarachnoid_Hemorrhage_A_Bayesian_Analysis">Sensitivity of Newer-generation Computed Tomography Scanners for Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Bayesian Analysis</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Background: Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a life-threatening condition considered in patients presenting to the emergency department (ED) with acute and severe-onset headache. Currently, the practice pattern for suspected SAH is to... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_14965025" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Background: Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a life-threatening condition considered in patients presenting to the emergency department (ED) with acute and severe-onset headache. Currently, the practice pattern for suspected SAH is to perform a non-contrasted computed tomography (CT) scan of the head, followed by lumbar puncture (LP) if the CT is negative. Newer-generation 16slice CT scanners have been shown in one study to be very sensitive for SAH. Objective: We sought to validate these findings at our institution by retrospectively analyzing the sensitivity of our 16-slice or better CT scanner and performing a bayesian analysis with the results. Methods: We utilized ED electronic medical records and the Department of Neurosurgery research database to search for patients admitted from the ED with a diagnosis of SAH from January 1, 2005 to December 31, 2008. We found a total of 134 patients admitted with SAH during this time frame. Results: Average age was 53.8 years; 62% were female. Presenting complaint was headache in 57%, paresthesia or weakness in 7%, unresponsive in 10%, confusion or altered mental status in 5%, and ''other'' in 10%. Sensitivity of 16-slice or better CT scanner in our study was 131/134, or 97.8% (95% confidence interval 93.1-99.4%). No patient with a negative CT had a lesion requiring intervention. Conclusion: Our study confirms the high sensitivity of 16-slice or better CT scanners for SAH. This calls into question the need for LP after negative head CTwhen 16-slice CTor better is used. Ó 2012 Elsevier Inc.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/14965025" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="8f92816fb1307ab1f3e55c4c63028890" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":43695016,"asset_id":14965025,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/43695016/download_file?st=MTc0MTk1MTE4MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="33959048" href="https://utah.academia.edu/ScottYoungquist">Scott Youngquist</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="33959048" type="text/json">{"id":33959048,"first_name":"Scott","last_name":"Youngquist","domain_name":"utah","page_name":"ScottYoungquist","display_name":"Scott Youngquist","profile_url":"https://utah.academia.edu/ScottYoungquist","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_14965025 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="14965025"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 14965025, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_14965025", }); 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Currently, the practice pattern for suspected SAH is to perform a non-contrasted computed tomography (CT) scan of the head, followed by lumbar puncture (LP) if the CT is negative. Newer-generation 16slice CT scanners have been shown in one study to be very sensitive for SAH. Objective: We sought to validate these findings at our institution by retrospectively analyzing the sensitivity of our 16-slice or better CT scanner and performing a bayesian analysis with the results. Methods: We utilized ED electronic medical records and the Department of Neurosurgery research database to search for patients admitted from the ED with a diagnosis of SAH from January 1, 2005 to December 31, 2008. We found a total of 134 patients admitted with SAH during this time frame. Results: Average age was 53.8 years; 62% were female. Presenting complaint was headache in 57%, paresthesia or weakness in 7%, unresponsive in 10%, confusion or altered mental status in 5%, and ''other'' in 10%. Sensitivity of 16-slice or better CT scanner in our study was 131/134, or 97.8% (95% confidence interval 93.1-99.4%). No patient with a negative CT had a lesion requiring intervention. Conclusion: Our study confirms the high sensitivity of 16-slice or better CT scanners for SAH. This calls into question the need for LP after negative head CTwhen 16-slice CTor better is used. Ó 2012 Elsevier Inc.","publication":"The Journal of Emergency Medicine","publication_with_fallback":"The Journal of Emergency 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Youngquist","profile_url":"https://utah.academia.edu/ScottYoungquist","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":607,"name":"Emergency Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Emergency_Medicine","nofollow":true},{"id":1648,"name":"Computed Tomography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computed_Tomography","nofollow":true},{"id":38701,"name":"Bayesian Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bayesian_Analysis","nofollow":true},{"id":103108,"name":"Headache","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Headache"},{"id":159240,"name":"Subarachnoid hemorrhage","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Subarachnoid_hemorrhage"},{"id":161176,"name":"The","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The"},{"id":209591,"name":"Ct Scan","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ct_Scan"},{"id":244814,"name":"Clinical 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itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="33959048" href="https://utah.academia.edu/ScottYoungquist">Scott Youngquist</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="33959048" type="text/json">{"id":33959048,"first_name":"Scott","last_name":"Youngquist","domain_name":"utah","page_name":"ScottYoungquist","display_name":"Scott Youngquist","profile_url":"https://utah.academia.edu/ScottYoungquist","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-14965027">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-14965027"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/PhilipBossart">Philip Bossart</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-14965027'), 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u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Multiple studies have noted an association be- tween ambient air pollution and cardiovascular and pul- monary disease. Our goal was to investigate the potential relationship between fine particulate air pollution and emergency medical... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_23827371" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Multiple studies have noted an association be- tween ambient air pollution and cardiovascular and pul- monary disease. Our goal was to investigate the potential relationship between fine particulate air pollution and emergency medical services (EMS) calls with a particular focus on cardiovascular and respiratory complaints. Utilizing a database of 911 emergency calls from the National EMS Information System, we analyzed 322,097 eligible EMS encounters in Utah over a 4-year period. We evaluated the relationship between the health emergency, as noted by the EMS provider’s primary impression, and short-term exposure to fine particulate matter (aerodynam- ic diameter ≤2.5-μm cut point (PM2.5)), as recorded by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Air Quality System (AQS). Using a case crossover design and conditional logistic regression, we analyzed the association between health emergencies and PM2.5 concentrations over varying time exposures. At the 95 % confidence level, we found significant associations only between pollution exposure and EMS calls for diabetic symptoms (using pollution from the concurrent day) and syncope/fainting (using pollution from the concurrent day<br />This paper was presented in abstract form at the 2015 Annual Meeting of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine, San Diego, CA, May 12–15, 2015.<br />and from 2- to 5-day lagged moving averages). We found no other significant positive associations between health emergencies and PM2.5 concentration. In particular, we noted no association between daily PM2.5 concentration and EMS calls for cardiac arrest, chest pain, or respiratory distress. We found limited association between ambient air pollution and health emergencies, as classified by the EMS provider’s impression. We noted no association with primary cardiovascular or respiratory complaints.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/23827371" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f9c50e0d9e4828abe1dfc4d05c2354eb" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":44205936,"asset_id":23827371,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/44205936/download_file?st=MTc0MTk1MTE4MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="33959048" href="https://utah.academia.edu/ScottYoungquist">Scott Youngquist</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="33959048" type="text/json">{"id":33959048,"first_name":"Scott","last_name":"Youngquist","domain_name":"utah","page_name":"ScottYoungquist","display_name":"Scott Youngquist","profile_url":"https://utah.academia.edu/ScottYoungquist","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_23827371 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="23827371"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 23827371, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_23827371", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_23827371 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 23827371; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_23827371"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_23827371 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="23827371"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 23827371; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=23827371]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_23827371").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_23827371").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="23827371"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i></div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl6x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11979" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Air_Pollution_and_Health_Effects">Air Pollution and Health Effects</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="11979" type="text/json">{"id":11979,"name":"Air Pollution and Health Effects","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Air_Pollution_and_Health_Effects","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (false) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=23827371]'), work: {"id":23827371,"title":"Association between EMS calls and fine particulate air pollution in Utah","created_at":"2016-03-30T08:29:54.227-07:00","owner_id":33959048,"url":"https://www.academia.edu/23827371/Association_between_EMS_calls_and_fine_particulate_air_pollution_in_Utah","slug":"Association_between_EMS_calls_and_fine_particulate_air_pollution_in_Utah","dom_id":"work_23827371","summary":"Multiple studies have noted an association be- tween ambient air pollution and cardiovascular and pul- monary disease. Our goal was to investigate the potential relationship between fine particulate air pollution and emergency medical services (EMS) calls with a particular focus on cardiovascular and respiratory complaints. Utilizing a database of 911 emergency calls from the National EMS Information System, we analyzed 322,097 eligible EMS encounters in Utah over a 4-year period. We evaluated the relationship between the health emergency, as noted by the EMS provider’s primary impression, and short-term exposure to fine particulate matter (aerodynam- ic diameter ≤2.5-μm cut point (PM2.5)), as recorded by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Air Quality System (AQS). Using a case crossover design and conditional logistic regression, we analyzed the association between health emergencies and PM2.5 concentrations over varying time exposures. At the 95 % confidence level, we found significant associations only between pollution exposure and EMS calls for diabetic symptoms (using pollution from the concurrent day) and syncope/fainting (using pollution from the concurrent day\nThis paper was presented in abstract form at the 2015 Annual Meeting of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine, San Diego, CA, May 12–15, 2015.\nand from 2- to 5-day lagged moving averages). We found no other significant positive associations between health emergencies and PM2.5 concentration. In particular, we noted no association between daily PM2.5 concentration and EMS calls for cardiac arrest, chest pain, or respiratory distress. We found limited association between ambient air pollution and health emergencies, as classified by the EMS provider’s impression. We noted no association with primary cardiovascular or respiratory complaints.","publication":null,"publication_with_fallback":"Air Quality, Atmosphere \u0026 Health","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":44205936,"asset_id":23827371,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/44205936/thumbnails/1.jpg","download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/44205936/10.1007_s11869-016-0392-5-libre.pdf?1459379869=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DAssociation_between_EMS_calls_and_fine_p.pdf\u0026Expires=1741954781\u0026Signature=FWi3kf6bMqNUKBUQCbvsGhTVpYG3h15sSBLvpnVS0KWWOZX-klpY~0KCF16Swah1u2XWLCp1OsrQ83nZkOGOM826yuPAD9Mh9Srt5LZb7bacz3e1XdW29VyJYWrw4mkHRFL8IAvHhk-O5CtbDciNxyt6TAKrK8TOfTMJv44u2Pb0zqnqYpXBsWM43Jg~UqKENmQv~U8~O6P90A5drhy1SP-qHMzwb6hbD6~J~mBv~G2W7SACYTmGSp4y6PpbPcWJJQhUgdwcNmVfpkgW~yn72tVk4DVYxbkoIGMVEEc2H8z0i7b1pz~Rt3UfHdpkdY6oXYjGSi-lZkCzSdrZ-lKqtw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA","download_file_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/44205936/download_file?st=MTc0MTk1MTE4MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","full_thumbnail_url":"https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/44205936/mini_magick20190214-15069-jbxn4x.png?1550211160"}],"downloadable_attachments_with_full_thumbnails":[{"id":44205936,"asset_id":23827371,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/44205936/thumbnails/1.jpg","download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/44205936/10.1007_s11869-016-0392-5-libre.pdf?1459379869=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DAssociation_between_EMS_calls_and_fine_p.pdf\u0026Expires=1741954781\u0026Signature=FWi3kf6bMqNUKBUQCbvsGhTVpYG3h15sSBLvpnVS0KWWOZX-klpY~0KCF16Swah1u2XWLCp1OsrQ83nZkOGOM826yuPAD9Mh9Srt5LZb7bacz3e1XdW29VyJYWrw4mkHRFL8IAvHhk-O5CtbDciNxyt6TAKrK8TOfTMJv44u2Pb0zqnqYpXBsWM43Jg~UqKENmQv~U8~O6P90A5drhy1SP-qHMzwb6hbD6~J~mBv~G2W7SACYTmGSp4y6PpbPcWJJQhUgdwcNmVfpkgW~yn72tVk4DVYxbkoIGMVEEc2H8z0i7b1pz~Rt3UfHdpkdY6oXYjGSi-lZkCzSdrZ-lKqtw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA","download_file_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/44205936/download_file?st=MTc0MTk1MTE4MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","full_thumbnail_url":"https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/44205936/mini_magick20190214-15069-jbxn4x.png?1550211160"}],"has_pdf":true,"has_fulltext":true,"page_count":13,"ordered_authors":[{"id":33959048,"first_name":"Scott","last_name":"Youngquist","domain_name":"utah","page_name":"ScottYoungquist","display_name":"Scott Youngquist","profile_url":"https://utah.academia.edu/ScottYoungquist","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":11979,"name":"Air Pollution and Health Effects","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Air_Pollution_and_Health_Effects","nofollow":true},{"id":2418903,"name":"Prehospital Cardiac Arrest","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prehospital_Cardiac_Arrest"}],"publication_year":null,"publication_year_with_fallback":2016,"paper_rank":null,"all_time_views":17,"active_discussion":{}}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_23827389 coauthored" data-work_id="23827389" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/23827389/A_comparison_of_etanercept_vs_infliximab_for_the_treatment_of_post_arrest_myocardial_dysfunction_in_a_swine_model_of_ventricular_fibrillation">A comparison of etanercept vs. infliximab for the treatment of post-arrest myocardial dysfunction in a swine model of ventricular fibrillation</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Aims: To compare the effects of two TNF-antagonists, etanercept and infliximab, on post-cardiac arrest hemodynamics and global left ventricular function (LV) in a swine model following ventricular fibrillation (VF). Methods: Domestic... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_23827389" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Aims: To compare the effects of two TNF-antagonists, etanercept and infliximab, on post-cardiac arrest hemodynamics and global left ventricular function (LV) in a swine model following ventricular fibrillation (VF). Methods: Domestic swine (n = 30) were placed under general anesthesia and instrumented before VF was induced electrically. After 7 min of VF, standard ACLS resuscitation was performed. Animals achieving return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) were randomized to immediately receive infliximab (5 mg/kg, n = 10) or etanercept (0.3 mg/kg [4 mg/m 2 ], n = 10) or vehicle (250 mL normal saline [NS], n = 10) and LV function and hemodynamics were monitored for 3 h. Results: Following ROSC, mean arterial pressure (MAP), stroke work (SW), and LV dP/dt fell from pre-arrest values in all groups. However, at the 30 min nadir, infliximab-treated animals had higher MAP than either the NS group (difference 14.4 mm Hg, 95% confidence interval [CI] 4.2–24.7) or the etanercept group (19.2 mm Hg, 95% CI 9.0–29.5), higher SW than the NS group (10.3 gm-m, 95% CI 5.1–15.5) or the etanercept group (8.9 gm-m, 95% CI 4.0–14.4) and greater LV dP/dt than the NS group (282.9 mm Hg/s, 95% CI 169.6–386.1 higher with infliximab) or the etanercep group (228.9 mm Hg/s, 95% CI 115.6–342.2 higher with infliximab). Conclusions: Only infliximab demonstrated a beneficial effect on post cardiac arrest hemodynamics and LV function in this swine model. Etanercept was no better in this regard than saline.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/23827389" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="059ee62110070901ce7be4b1397e9a03" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":44207007,"asset_id":23827389,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/44207007/download_file?st=MTc0MTk1MTE4MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="33892782" href="https://healthsciences-ucla.academia.edu/JamesNiemann">James Niemann</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="33892782" type="text/json">{"id":33892782,"first_name":"James","last_name":"Niemann","domain_name":"healthsciences-ucla","page_name":"JamesNiemann","display_name":"James Niemann","profile_url":"https://healthsciences-ucla.academia.edu/JamesNiemann","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-23827389">+2</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-23827389"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://utah.academia.edu/ScottYoungquist">Scott Youngquist</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/JosephThomas57">Joseph Thomas</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-23827389'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-23827389').html(); 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container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_23827389 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="23827389"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 23827389; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=23827389]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_23827389").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_23827389").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="23827389"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i></div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl6x"></span></li><script>(function(){ if (false) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=23827389]'), work: {"id":23827389,"title":"A comparison of etanercept vs. infliximab for the treatment of post-arrest myocardial dysfunction in a swine model of ventricular fibrillation","created_at":"2016-03-30T08:31:27.300-07:00","owner_id":33959048,"url":"https://www.academia.edu/23827389/A_comparison_of_etanercept_vs_infliximab_for_the_treatment_of_post_arrest_myocardial_dysfunction_in_a_swine_model_of_ventricular_fibrillation","slug":"A_comparison_of_etanercept_vs_infliximab_for_the_treatment_of_post_arrest_myocardial_dysfunction_in_a_swine_model_of_ventricular_fibrillation","dom_id":"work_23827389","summary":"Aims: To compare the effects of two TNF-antagonists, etanercept and infliximab, on post-cardiac arrest hemodynamics and global left ventricular function (LV) in a swine model following ventricular fibrillation (VF). Methods: Domestic swine (n = 30) were placed under general anesthesia and instrumented before VF was induced electrically. After 7 min of VF, standard ACLS resuscitation was performed. Animals achieving return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) were randomized to immediately receive infliximab (5 mg/kg, n = 10) or etanercept (0.3 mg/kg [4 mg/m 2 ], n = 10) or vehicle (250 mL normal saline [NS], n = 10) and LV function and hemodynamics were monitored for 3 h. Results: Following ROSC, mean arterial pressure (MAP), stroke work (SW), and LV dP/dt fell from pre-arrest values in all groups. However, at the 30 min nadir, infliximab-treated animals had higher MAP than either the NS group (difference 14.4 mm Hg, 95% confidence interval [CI] 4.2–24.7) or the etanercept group (19.2 mm Hg, 95% CI 9.0–29.5), higher SW than the NS group (10.3 gm-m, 95% CI 5.1–15.5) or the etanercept group (8.9 gm-m, 95% CI 4.0–14.4) and greater LV dP/dt than the NS group (282.9 mm Hg/s, 95% CI 169.6–386.1 higher with infliximab) or the etanercep group (228.9 mm Hg/s, 95% CI 115.6–342.2 higher with infliximab). Conclusions: Only infliximab demonstrated a beneficial effect on post cardiac arrest hemodynamics and LV function in this swine model. Etanercept was no better in this regard than saline.","publication":null,"publication_with_fallback":"Resuscitation","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":44207007,"asset_id":23827389,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/44207007/thumbnails/1.jpg","download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/44207007/A_comparison_of_etanercept_vs._infliximab-libre.pdf?1459380320=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DA_comparison_of_etanercept_vs_infliximab.pdf\u0026Expires=1741954781\u0026Signature=fUiSms2~MTzYPtGxv0zdKtcShPyBsf4FaF~RL55jnyv4DD4wmEl-uB0ju86ZgELI9A7bVmqdxUNP1ExhBjy8bZFk3Q20bI6QJfU6eXym4Dhz7ldZ~nt24e020bTFnVhRVaXh8WbU3UPW6IEbpaVbok3GzCbBuB6ai93P~fDXNMU4n5smQjK5We7dyUpbLJznv33KtqO~hK4IMch0BGHzmhCOr3G1IMXLpgcwYEHS5gYgn3tySkKzTVxUCMCn0Z-dpUKUaqfz0gegK4l3-bXX9XCsU-J4qjS1M2lIdzh3IV-2sP88-nvdz2~HnIJ6eZdJKGwDFWNMUQEHMM1TzzJXag__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA","download_file_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/44207007/download_file?st=MTc0MTk1MTE4MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","full_thumbnail_url":"https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/44207007/mini_magick20190214-15069-1r1zd3n.png?1550211029"}],"downloadable_attachments_with_full_thumbnails":[{"id":44207007,"asset_id":23827389,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/44207007/thumbnails/1.jpg","download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/44207007/A_comparison_of_etanercept_vs._infliximab-libre.pdf?1459380320=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DA_comparison_of_etanercept_vs_infliximab.pdf\u0026Expires=1741954781\u0026Signature=fUiSms2~MTzYPtGxv0zdKtcShPyBsf4FaF~RL55jnyv4DD4wmEl-uB0ju86ZgELI9A7bVmqdxUNP1ExhBjy8bZFk3Q20bI6QJfU6eXym4Dhz7ldZ~nt24e020bTFnVhRVaXh8WbU3UPW6IEbpaVbok3GzCbBuB6ai93P~fDXNMU4n5smQjK5We7dyUpbLJznv33KtqO~hK4IMch0BGHzmhCOr3G1IMXLpgcwYEHS5gYgn3tySkKzTVxUCMCn0Z-dpUKUaqfz0gegK4l3-bXX9XCsU-J4qjS1M2lIdzh3IV-2sP88-nvdz2~HnIJ6eZdJKGwDFWNMUQEHMM1TzzJXag__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA","download_file_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/44207007/download_file?st=MTc0MTk1MTE4MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","full_thumbnail_url":"https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/44207007/mini_magick20190214-15069-1r1zd3n.png?1550211029"}],"has_pdf":true,"has_fulltext":true,"page_count":5,"ordered_authors":[{"id":33892782,"first_name":"James","last_name":"Niemann","domain_name":"healthsciences-ucla","page_name":"JamesNiemann","display_name":"James Niemann","profile_url":"https://healthsciences-ucla.academia.edu/JamesNiemann","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"},{"id":33959048,"first_name":"Scott","last_name":"Youngquist","domain_name":"utah","page_name":"ScottYoungquist","display_name":"Scott Youngquist","profile_url":"https://utah.academia.edu/ScottYoungquist","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"},{"id":46154936,"first_name":"Joseph","last_name":"Thomas","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JosephThomas57","display_name":"Joseph Thomas","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/JosephThomas57","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":23159,"name":"Proinflammatory Cytokines","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Proinflammatory_Cytokines"},{"id":61235,"name":"Cardiac arrest","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cardiac_arrest"}],"publication_year":null,"publication_year_with_fallback":2013,"paper_rank":null,"all_time_views":15,"active_discussion":{}}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_23827661" data-work_id="23827661" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/23827661/Acute_medical_impairment_among_elderly_patients_involved_in_motor_vehicle_collisions">Acute medical impairment among elderly patients involved in motor vehicle collisions</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Background: The association between acute medical illness and motor vehicle collisions (MVCs) among elderly emergency department patients is unclear. We sought to determine the prevalence of acute medical conditions that might impair... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_23827661" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Background: The association between acute medical illness and motor vehicle collisions (MVCs) among elderly emergency department patients is unclear. We sought to determine the prevalence of acute medical conditions that might impair driving ability among the elderly involved in MVCs and determine if there was an increased risk of the driver having an acute medical condition compared to similarly aged passengers.<br />Methods: We reviewed charts of patients aged 65 years or older whose emergency department visit was prompted by a motor vehicle collision between 1 July 2000 and 30 June 2010 at two Level 1 trauma centres. The exposure of interest was occupancy status (driver vs. passenger), and the outcome measure was the presence of any predefined acute medical illness that might impair driving ability.<br />Results: Final analysis included 871 drivers (cases) and 307 passengers (controls). An acute medical illness was recorded in 107 patients (9%): 97 drivers (11%) and 10 passengers (3%). Compared to passengers, drivers had significantly higher odds of presenting with acute medical illness (OR 3.7, 95% CI 1.9–7.2). After controlling for potential confounders, the adjusted odds ratio was 5.5 (95% CI 2.3–13.0). Conclusion: Acute medical conditions are a moderately common diagnosis among elderly drivers, presenting in about one in ten patients. A difference in the risk of finding an acute medical illness when comparing elderly drivers and passengers evaluated in the emergency department after a collision suggests the need for considering additional diagnostic investigation and post-discharge surveillance in this population.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/23827661" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="b3b840482cd19c4aae38b49d5f2875af" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":44207093,"asset_id":23827661,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/44207093/download_file?st=MTc0MTk1MTE4Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="33959048" href="https://utah.academia.edu/ScottYoungquist">Scott Youngquist</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="33959048" type="text/json">{"id":33959048,"first_name":"Scott","last_name":"Youngquist","domain_name":"utah","page_name":"ScottYoungquist","display_name":"Scott Youngquist","profile_url":"https://utah.academia.edu/ScottYoungquist","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_23827661 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="23827661"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 23827661, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_23827661", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_23827661 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 23827661; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_23827661"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_23827661 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="23827661"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 23827661; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=23827661]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_23827661").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_23827661").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="23827661"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="607" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Emergency_Medicine">Emergency Medicine</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="607" type="text/json">{"id":607,"name":"Emergency Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Emergency_Medicine","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6106" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Trauma_Studies">Trauma Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6106" type="text/json">{"id":6106,"name":"Trauma Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Trauma_Studies","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="228863" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Motor_Vehicle_Crashes">Motor Vehicle Crashes</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="228863" type="text/json">{"id":64283,"name":"Elderly","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Elderly","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=23827661]'), work: {"id":23827661,"title":"Acute medical impairment among elderly patients involved in motor vehicle collisions","created_at":"2016-03-30T08:34:54.853-07:00","owner_id":33959048,"url":"https://www.academia.edu/23827661/Acute_medical_impairment_among_elderly_patients_involved_in_motor_vehicle_collisions","slug":"Acute_medical_impairment_among_elderly_patients_involved_in_motor_vehicle_collisions","dom_id":"work_23827661","summary":"Background: The association between acute medical illness and motor vehicle collisions (MVCs) among elderly emergency department patients is unclear. We sought to determine the prevalence of acute medical conditions that might impair driving ability among the elderly involved in MVCs and determine if there was an increased risk of the driver having an acute medical condition compared to similarly aged passengers.\nMethods: We reviewed charts of patients aged 65 years or older whose emergency department visit was prompted by a motor vehicle collision between 1 July 2000 and 30 June 2010 at two Level 1 trauma centres. The exposure of interest was occupancy status (driver vs. passenger), and the outcome measure was the presence of any predefined acute medical illness that might impair driving ability.\nResults: Final analysis included 871 drivers (cases) and 307 passengers (controls). An acute medical illness was recorded in 107 patients (9%): 97 drivers (11%) and 10 passengers (3%). Compared to passengers, drivers had significantly higher odds of presenting with acute medical illness (OR 3.7, 95% CI 1.9–7.2). After controlling for potential confounders, the adjusted odds ratio was 5.5 (95% CI 2.3–13.0). Conclusion: Acute medical conditions are a moderately common diagnosis among elderly drivers, presenting in about one in ten patients. A difference in the risk of finding an acute medical illness when comparing elderly drivers and passengers evaluated in the emergency department after a collision suggests the need for considering additional diagnostic investigation and post-discharge surveillance in this 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