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(PDF) Language in the World of Naguib Mahfouz: A Textual Linguistic Criticism of Literary Discourse in al-Liṣ wal-Kilāb
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window.loswp.shouldShowBulkDownload = true; window.loswp.showSignupCaptcha = false window.loswp.willEdgeCache = false; window.loswp.work = {"work":{"id":109087436,"created_at":"2023-11-12T09:24:59.741-08:00","from_world_paper_id":243139024,"updated_at":"2024-11-24T06:10:07.343-08:00","_data":{"publisher":"Egypts Presidential Specialized Council for Education and Scientific Research","grobid_abstract":"Throughout his writing career, which lasted for more than 70 years, the Egyptian novelist and Nobel Prize winner Naguib Mahfouz was aware of the role of language and its relationship to society. For Mahfouz, language is not only a medium of representation, but also a means of intervention into the sociopolitical context. In al-Liṣ wal-Kilāb (The Thief and the Dogs), particularly, Mahfouz detaches standard Arabic from its regular territory in order to provide a clear view of the turbulent social life in Egypt after the 1952 revolution. He creates instead a new assemblage of classical fuṣḥā (heritage), contemporary fuṣḥā (modern), colloquial Arabic of the educated, and colloquial Arabic of the illiterate. The purpose of using this multi-level linguistic style by Mahfouz, it will be argued, is to give voice to the marginalized cultural groups in the post-revolutionary era. Therefore, the paper examines al-Liṣ wal-Kilāb from a linguistic perspective, aiming at analyzing and demonstrating the interaction between its linguistic style and polyphonic narrative structure. This analysis ultimately reveals that by using a multi-level linguistic style, Mahfouz is able to open a kind of foreign language within standard Arabic which escapes its monotypic mode of representation.","publication_name":"مجلة الدراسات الإنسانية والأدبية","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":"107312963"},"document_type":"paper","pre_hit_view_count_baseline":null,"quality":"high","language":"en","title":"Language in the World of Naguib Mahfouz: A Textual Linguistic Criticism of Literary Discourse in al-Liṣ wal-Kilāb","broadcastable":true,"draft":null,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [270143632]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "control"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; window.loginModal = {}; window.loginModal.appleClientId = 'edu.academia.applesignon'; window.userInChina = "false";</script><script defer="" src="https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client"></script><div class="ds-loswp-container"><div class="ds-work-card--grid-container"><div class="ds-work-card--container js-loswp-work-card"><div class="ds-work-card--cover"><div class="ds-work-cover--wrapper"><div class="ds-work-cover--container"><button class="ds-work-cover--clickable js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"swp-splash-paper-cover","attachmentId":107312964,"attachmentType":"pdf"}"><img alt="First page of “Language in the World of Naguib Mahfouz: A Textual Linguistic Criticism of Literary Discourse in al-Liṣ wal-Kilāb”" class="ds-work-cover--cover-thumbnail" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/107312964/mini_magick20231112-1-tzv77n.png?1699809943" /><img alt="PDF Icon" class="ds-work-cover--file-icon" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/single_work_splash/adobe_icon.svg" /><div class="ds-work-cover--hover-container"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span><p>Download Free PDF</p></div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-container">Download Free PDF</div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-triangle"></div></button></div></div></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-information"><h1 class="ds-work-card--work-title">Language in the World of Naguib Mahfouz: A Textual Linguistic Criticism of Literary Discourse in al-Liṣ wal-Kilāb</h1><div class="ds-work-card--work-authors ds-work-card--detail"><a class="ds-work-card--author js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="270143632" href="https://independent.academia.edu/IbrahimElshafey4"><img alt="Profile image of Ibrahim Elshafey" class="ds-work-card--author-avatar" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/270143632/120593064/109919548/s65_ibrahim.elshafey.png" />Ibrahim Elshafey</a></div><div class="ds-work-card--detail"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">مجلة الدراسات الإنسانية والأدبية</p><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata"><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">visibility</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm" id="work-metadata-view-count">…</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">description</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">16 pages</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">link</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">1 file</p></div></div><script>(async () => { const workId = 109087436; 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For Mahfouz, language is not only a medium of representation, but also a means of intervention into the sociopolitical context. In al-Liṣ wal-Kilāb (The Thief and the Dogs), particularly, Mahfouz detaches standard Arabic from its regular territory in order to provide a clear view of the turbulent social life in Egypt after the 1952 revolution. He creates instead a new assemblage of classical fuṣḥā (heritage), contemporary fuṣḥā (modern), colloquial Arabic of the educated, and colloquial Arabic of the illiterate. The purpose of using this multi-level linguistic style by Mahfouz, it will be argued, is to give voice to the marginalized cultural groups in the post-revolutionary era. Therefore, the paper examines al-Liṣ wal-Kilāb from a linguistic perspective, aiming at analyzing and demonstrating the interaction between its linguistic style and polyphonic narrative structure. This analysis ultimately reveals that by using a multi-level linguistic style, Mahfouz is able to open a kind of foreign language within standard Arabic which escapes its monotypic mode of representation.</p><div class="ds-work-card--button-container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--work-card","attachmentId":107312964,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/109087436/Language_in_the_World_of_Naguib_Mahfouz_A_Textual_Linguistic_Criticism_of_Literary_Discourse_in_al_Li%E1%B9%A3_wal_Kil%C4%81b"}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--work-card","attachmentId":107312964,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/109087436/Language_in_the_World_of_Naguib_Mahfouz_A_Textual_Linguistic_Criticism_of_Literary_Discourse_in_al_Li%E1%B9%A3_wal_Kil%C4%81b"}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-trigger-container"><div class="ds-signup-banner-trigger"></div></div><div class="ds-signup-banner ds-signup-banner-simple-copy"><div id="ds-signup-banner-close-button"><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary ds2-5-button--inverse"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">close</span></button></div><h4 class="ds2-5-heading-serif-sm">Sign up to get access to over 50M papers</h4><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--inverse js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"signup-banner"}">Sign up for free<span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">arrow_forward</span></button></div><script>(() => { // Set up signup banner show/hide behavior: // 1. 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Pp. 200. $69.95 cloth. $21.95 paper","attachmentId":91694795,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/87505785/NILOOFAR_HAERI_Sacred_Language_Ordinary_People_Dilemmas_of_Culture_and_Politics_in_Egypt_New_York_Palgrave_Macmillan_2003_Pp_200_69_95_cloth_21_95_paper","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/87505785/NILOOFAR_HAERI_Sacred_Language_Ordinary_People_Dilemmas_of_Culture_and_Politics_in_Egypt_New_York_Palgrave_Macmillan_2003_Pp_200_69_95_cloth_21_95_paper"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="2" data-entity-id="75976795" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/75976795/Cultural_and_Stylistic_Challenges_in_the_Translation_of_Naguib_Mahfouz_into_English_The_Examples_of_Ziqaq_el_Madaq_Palace_Walk_and_The_Harafish">Cultural and Stylistic Challenges in the Translation of Naguib Mahfouz into English The Examples of Ziqaq el-Madaq, Palace Walk and The Harafish</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="11538091" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AhmadElsheemi">Ahmad Elsheemi</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">مجلة وادی النیل للدراسات والبحوث الإنسانیة والاجتماعیة والتربویه, 2014</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The writer of this paper (also a translator) is interested in the translation of Naguib Mahfouz into English. This paper is an attempt to show some of the shortcomings in the translation of some of Mahfouz's novels into English. The paper takes the AUC translation of three Mahfouzian novels: Ziqaq el-Maddaq (Midaq Alley), Palace Walk, and El-Harafish, as samples of the study. There are examples of failures in the translations of the three novels. The stylistic and cultural defects in the translation of these three novels have been referred to by such prominent critics as Edward Said and Rashid el-Enani. The paper tries to put our hands on these shortcomings related to style and culture. 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Arabic Language in English Writing in Ahdaf Soueif’s Work","attachmentId":92081034,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/88012649/_I_am_My_Language_Arabic_Language_in_English_Writing_in_Ahdaf_Soueif_s_Work","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/88012649/_I_am_My_Language_Arabic_Language_in_English_Writing_in_Ahdaf_Soueif_s_Work"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="4" data-entity-id="50944334" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/50944334/Rediscovering_Ancient_Egyptian_Literature_through_Arabic_Poetics_American_University_in_Cairo_Press_cover_title_and_endorsements_">Rediscovering Ancient Egyptian Literature through Arabic Poetics, American University in Cairo Press (cover, title and endorsements)</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="1109060" href="https://dubaimonsters.academia.edu/HanyRashwan">Hany Rashwan</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2022</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The book is the first study that compares ancient Egyptian literary devices with their Arabic counterparts. The book proposes new postcolonial ground for debate about the employment of Eurocentric literary theories, terms and concepts as a universal language of literary criticism. The book demonstrates how linguistic kinship can form a fruitful standpoint for exploring the literary devices of such related languages. An Arabic-based textual analytic method is proposed as a viable comparative critical method for working across kindred languages to carry out literary analyses, critical evaluations, and interpretations using new methodologies and other techniques appropriate to the comparative research.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Rediscovering Ancient Egyptian Literature through Arabic Poetics, American University in Cairo Press (cover, title and endorsements)","attachmentId":68821120,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/50944334/Rediscovering_Ancient_Egyptian_Literature_through_Arabic_Poetics_American_University_in_Cairo_Press_cover_title_and_endorsements_","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/50944334/Rediscovering_Ancient_Egyptian_Literature_through_Arabic_Poetics_American_University_in_Cairo_Press_cover_title_and_endorsements_"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="1254913" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/1254913/The_Use_of_Colloquial_Arabic_in_Prose_Literature_Laban_il%CA%BFa%E1%B9%A3f%C5%ABr_by_Y%C5%ABsuf_al_Qa%CA%BF%C4%ABd">The Use of Colloquial Arabic in Prose Literature: Laban ilʿaṣfūr by Yūsuf al-Qaʿīd.</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="2008481" href="https://uva.academia.edu/LiesbethZack">Liesbeth Zack</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The Use of Colloquial Arabic in Prose Literature: Laban ilʿaṣfūr by Yūsuf al-Qaʿīd.","attachmentId":36195228,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/1254913/The_Use_of_Colloquial_Arabic_in_Prose_Literature_Laban_il%CA%BFa%E1%B9%A3f%C5%ABr_by_Y%C5%ABsuf_al_Qa%CA%BF%C4%ABd","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/1254913/The_Use_of_Colloquial_Arabic_in_Prose_Literature_Laban_il%CA%BFa%E1%B9%A3f%C5%ABr_by_Y%C5%ABsuf_al_Qa%CA%BF%C4%ABd"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="101104449" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/101104449/Analysis_of_the_Algerian_Novel_Fahla_Rabah_Sbaa_from_a_Sociolinguistic_Approach">Analysis of the Algerian Novel Fahla (Rabah Sbaa) from a Sociolinguistic Approach</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="45902911" href="https://upf.academia.edu/NassimaKerras">Nassima Kerras</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Arab World English Journal For Translation and Literary Studies</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">This study analyzes the Algerian novel Fahla from a sociolinguistic point of view. The author has taken the initiative to write his novel in Algerian and in Latin characters and Arabic characters for both Arabic and Francophone readers since Algerian remains uncodified to this day. The main objective is to observe the linguistic system of the Algerian language and that of the standard Arabic one to understand the functioning of the dialect mentioned above and demonstrate the need to study its linguistic typology and the phylogenetic relationships between the two languages. It is essential to investigate the relationship between language use, society, and identity to compare them. The novel is an appropriate example to analyze this three-dimensionality of language as osmosis that reflects the uniqueness of each speaker. A sociolinguistic study is carried out to evaluate the validity of Algerian as an official language. Fragments of texts that reflect these characteristics are conside...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Analysis of the Algerian Novel Fahla (Rabah Sbaa) from a Sociolinguistic Approach","attachmentId":101736267,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/101104449/Analysis_of_the_Algerian_Novel_Fahla_Rabah_Sbaa_from_a_Sociolinguistic_Approach","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/101104449/Analysis_of_the_Algerian_Novel_Fahla_Rabah_Sbaa_from_a_Sociolinguistic_Approach"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="329850" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/329850/In_Search_of_Social_and_Literary_Roles_for_Standard_and_Colloquial_Arabic_in_Late_19th_Century_Egypt">In Search of Social and Literary Roles for Standard and Colloquial Arabic in Late 19th Century Egypt</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="187090" href="https://utexas.academia.edu/JohnBaskerville">John Baskerville</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"In Search of Social and Literary Roles for Standard and Colloquial Arabic in Late 19th Century Egypt","attachmentId":1651905,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/329850/In_Search_of_Social_and_Literary_Roles_for_Standard_and_Colloquial_Arabic_in_Late_19th_Century_Egypt","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/329850/In_Search_of_Social_and_Literary_Roles_for_Standard_and_Colloquial_Arabic_in_Late_19th_Century_Egypt"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="112114719" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/112114719/The_Arabic_Tongue_A_Worthy_Language">The Arabic Tongue: A Worthy Language</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="21228699" href="https://baha.academia.edu/YahyaDahami">YAHYA S A L E H DAHAMI</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">European journal of language and literature studies, 2018</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The Arabic language, during the pre-Islamic age, at the beginning of Islam and today with its valuable tradition, convention and practice, is a great language. Hamad ibn (son of) Khalifah Abu Shihab is one of the modernist poets linking the twentieth century with the twenty-first. He is one of the supporters of the classical Arabic language. The researcher, in this literary paper, takes on to illustrate the perceptiveness of a famous poem by Hamad ibn Khalifah as a case of the magnitude and worth of the Arabic language, its influence and being influencing. The poem of Hamad ibn Khalifah has never been studied or analyzed; for this motive, the poem deserves to be given enough consideration because it deals directly with a central theme which is classical Arabic language. It can be estimated as a legacy of the graceful Arabic tongues. The study uses the analytical and descriptive method which starts, in its first section, with a succinct introductory sketch on the Arabic language and its importance. After that, the core point of the study to be followed is a descriptive, analytical and critical dealing with the poem, its wisdom and everlasting concepts. In this section, the researcher endeavors to ascertain the reputation of the Arabic language and to demonstrate the capacities of Hamad ibn Khalifah Abu Shihab as a modern Arabic poet through his poem. A brief discussion is followed. The paper ends with a shortlived conclusion summarizing the full investigation and stating the results if there is any.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The Arabic Tongue: A Worthy Language","attachmentId":109445101,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/112114719/The_Arabic_Tongue_A_Worthy_Language","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/112114719/The_Arabic_Tongue_A_Worthy_Language"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="1297334" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/1297334/Form_and_Ideology_Arabic_Sociolinguistics_and_Beyond">Form and Ideology: Arabic Sociolinguistics and Beyond</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="408719" href="https://johnshopkins.academia.edu/Niloofarhaeri">Niloofar haeri</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Key Words politics of language, anthropology of the Arab world, Islam, gender, genre s Abstract The aim of this review is to contribute to a dialogue between anthropologists and sociolinguists who work on the Arab world. One of the most distinctive features of the Arab world is that Classical Arabic co-exists with national vernaculars such as Egyptian, Syrian, Jordanian, and so on. The first is the language of writing, education, and administration, whereas the latter are the media of oral exchanges, nonprint media, poetry, and plays. The proximity or distance between the "Classical" and the "colloquials," whether the latter are also "Arabic" or have been so accepting of foreign borrowings that they ceased to be so, whether they are languages or "inferior dialects" are all contentious issues that continue to be debated within the Arab world. In fact, such debates have become inseparable from the central concerns and dilemmas of social and intellectual movements in this century. After providing a broad outline of work in Arabic sociolinguistics, the review moves to the literature on education. Debates on education are intimately linked with larger questions regarding colonialism, nationalism, and modernization. The last part of the review is devoted to anthropological works on the region. The complexities of the sociolinguistic settings in the Arab world provide promising and challenging grounds for contributions to anthropological theory.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Form and Ideology: Arabic Sociolinguistics and Beyond","attachmentId":31944254,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/1297334/Form_and_Ideology_Arabic_Sociolinguistics_and_Beyond","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/1297334/Form_and_Ideology_Arabic_Sociolinguistics_and_Beyond"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--wrapper js-loswp-sticky-ctas hidden"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--grid-container"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":107312964,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":107312964,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div><div class="ds-below-fold--grid-container ds-below-fold--full-width"><div class="ds-work--container js-loswp-embedded-document"><div class="attachment_preview" data-attachment="Attachment_107312964" style="display: none"><div class="js-scribd-document-container"><div class="scribd--document-loading js-scribd-document-loader" style="display: block;"><img alt="Loading..." src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/loaders/paper-load.gif" /><p>Loading Preview</p></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="scribd--no-preview-alert js-preview-unavailable"><p>Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. 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