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searchaux" style="display:none">American spectroscopist (1891–1953)</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">John J. Hopfield</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Jan Józef Chmielewski</div><br /><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1891-07-08</span>)</span>July 8, 1891</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">January 8, 1953<span style="display:none">(1953-01-08)</span> (aged 61)<br /><div style="display:inline" class="deathplace"><a href="/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland">Maryland</a>, United States</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Alma mater</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Syracuse_University" title="Syracuse University">Syracuse University</a> (A.B. 1917)<br /><a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Berkeley" title="University of California, Berkeley">University of California, Berkeley</a> (Ph.D. 1923)</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><b>Scientific career</b></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Doctoral_advisor" title="Doctoral advisor">Doctoral advisor</a></th><td class="infobox-data">E. P. Lewis<br /><a href="/wiki/Raymond_Thayer_Birge" title="Raymond Thayer Birge">Raymond Thayer Birge</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>John Joseph Hopfield</b> (born <b>Jan Józef Chmielewski</b>; July 8, 1891 – January 8, 1953) was a Polish-American physicist. Hopfield's published research included vacuum ultraviolet spectroscopy and solar ultraviolet spectroscopy. He was the discoverer of the "Hopfield bands" of oxygen and co-discoverer of the "Lyman–Birge–Hopfield bands" of nitrogen. For about a decade he was an industrial physicist working with technologies for fabricating glass windows, and was the inventor listed on several related patents.<sup id="cite_ref-Birge_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Birge-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Guggenheim_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Guggenheim-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Career">Career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_J._Hopfield_(spectroscopist)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Born in Poland, little is known about Hopfield's upbringing. He was admitted to Syracuse University around 1913, and completed his A.B. degree in 1917 and then worked as an instructor through 1919. At Syracuse, he had worked as an assistant with <a href="/wiki/Raymond_Thayer_Birge" title="Raymond Thayer Birge">Raymond Thayer Birge</a>, who moved to University of California, Berkeley around this time. Hopfield was then admitted to Berkeley with a fellowship, and was awarded his doctorate for spectroscopic work in 1923. He became an instructor and assistant professor of physics at Berkeley, and was awarded a <a href="/wiki/Guggenheim_Fellowship" title="Guggenheim Fellowship">Guggenheim Fellowship</a> in 1928 to work with <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Paschen" title="Friedrich Paschen">Friedrich Paschen</a> for a year in Berlin.<sup id="cite_ref-Birge_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Birge-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By the time he left Berlin in 1929, the stock market crash and depression had ended most new faculty hiring. <a href="/wiki/Purdue_University" title="Purdue University">Purdue University</a> appointed him as a National Research Council Fellow for two years. He next was employed in creating the physics exhibit for the 1933 "<a href="/wiki/Century_of_Progress" title="Century of Progress">Century of Progress</a>" World's Fair in Chicago. This was followed by a position with the <a href="/wiki/Libbey-Owens-Ford" title="Libbey-Owens-Ford">Libbey-Owens-Ford</a> glass company in Toledo, Ohio. With the onset of the Second World War, physicists were again in great demand, and he moved to Washington, D.C., to participate in war-related research. The end of his career was spent at the Johns Hopkins University <a href="/wiki/Applied_Physics_Laboratory" title="Applied Physics Laboratory">Applied Physics Laboratory</a> and at the <a href="/wiki/Naval_Research_Laboratory" class="mw-redirect" title="Naval Research Laboratory">Naval Research Laboratory</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Optics" title="Optics">Optics</a> Division in <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a>. On January 8, 1953, Hopfield died after a brief illness.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Hopfield's son, <a href="/wiki/John_Hopfield" title="John Hopfield">J. J. Hopfield</a>, was born in 1933 and also became a noted physicist, receiving the 2024 <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Physics" title="Nobel Prize in Physics">Nobel Prize in Physics</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Select_publications">Select publications</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_J._Hopfield_(spectroscopist)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Select publications"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ultraviolet" title="Ultraviolet">Ultraviolet</a> <a href="/wiki/Absorption_(chemistry)" title="Absorption (chemistry)">Absorption</a> and Emission Spectra of <a href="/wiki/Carbon_Monoxide" class="mw-redirect" title="Carbon Monoxide">Carbon Monoxide</a><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>The Ultra-Violet Band Spectrum of <a href="/wiki/Nitrogen" title="Nitrogen">Nitrogen</a><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>New Ultra-Violet Spectrum of <a href="/wiki/Helium" title="Helium">Helium</a><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Absorption and Emission Spectra in the Region λ 600-1100.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>New <a href="/wiki/Oxygen" title="Oxygen">Oxygen</a> Spectra in the Ultraviolet and new Spectra in <a href="/wiki/Nitrogen" title="Nitrogen">Nitrogen</a><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Preparation of <a href="/wiki/Victor_Schumann" title="Victor Schumann">Schumann</a> plates<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>The Ultraviolet Spectrum of the Sun from <a href="/wiki/V-2" class="mw-redirect" title="V-2">V-2</a> Rockets<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Patents">Patents</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_J._Hopfield_(spectroscopist)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Patents"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>HOPFIELD<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Manufacture of multiple glass sheet glazing units<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Uniting of glass to glass and metals to glass<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Multiple glass sheet glazing unit and method of making the same<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Multiply glass sheet glazing unit<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Method of fabricating multiple glass sheet glazing units<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_J._Hopfield_(spectroscopist)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Birge-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Birge_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Birge_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFBirge1966" class="citation book cs1">Birge, Raymond Thayer (1966). <i>History of the Physics Department</i>. University of California, Berkeley. pp. 15–18. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/6494379">6494379</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=History+of+the+Physics+Department&rft.pages=15-18&rft.pub=University+of+California%2C+Berkeley&rft.date=1966&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F6494379&rft.aulast=Birge&rft.aufirst=Raymond+Thayer&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+J.+Hopfield+%28spectroscopist%29" class="Z3988"></span> Birge devoted several pages of this manuscript to Hopfield.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKrupenie1972" class="citation journal cs1">Krupenie, Paul H. (1972). "The Spectrum of Molecular Oxygen". <i>Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data</i>. <b>1</b> (2): 423. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1972JPCRD...1..423K">1972JPCRD...1..423K</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1063%2F1.3253101">10.1063/1.3253101</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Physical+and+Chemical+Reference+Data&rft.atitle=The+Spectrum+of+Molecular+Oxygen&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=423&rft.date=1972&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1063%2F1.3253101&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1972JPCRD...1..423K&rft.aulast=Krupenie&rft.aufirst=Paul+H.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+J.+Hopfield+%28spectroscopist%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAjello2020" class="citation journal cs1">Ajello, Joseph M. (March 2020). "The UV Spectrum of the Lyman-Birge-Hopfield Band System of N2 Induced by Cascading from Electron Impact". <i>Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics</i>. <b>125</b> (3). <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2020JGRA..12527546A">2020JGRA..12527546A</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1029%2F2019JA027546">10.1029/2019JA027546</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:213340934">213340934</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Space+Physics&rft.atitle=The+UV+Spectrum+of+the+Lyman-Birge-Hopfield+Band+System+of+N2+Induced+by+Cascading+from+Electron+Impact&rft.volume=125&rft.issue=3&rft.date=2020-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A213340934%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1029%2F2019JA027546&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2020JGRA..12527546A&rft.aulast=Ajello&rft.aufirst=Joseph+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+J.+Hopfield+%28spectroscopist%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Guggenheim-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Guggenheim_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20140806101714/http://www.gf.org/fellows/6819-john-j-hopfield">"John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation"</a>. John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gf.org/fellows/6819-john-j-hopfield">the original</a> on 6 August 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 August</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=John+Simon+Guggenheim+Memorial+Foundation&rft.pub=John+Simon+Guggenheim+Memorial+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gf.org%2Ffellows%2F6819-john-j-hopfield&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+J.+Hopfield+%28spectroscopist%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1">"John J. Hopfield". <i>Physics Today</i>. <b>6</b> (3): 24. 1953. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1063%2F1.3061184">10.1063/1.3061184</a>. <q>John J. Hopfield, physicist at the optics division of the Naval Research Laboratory at Bethesda, Maryland, died after a brief illness on January 8th at the age of sixty‐one.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Physics+Today&rft.atitle=John+J.+Hopfield&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=24&rft.date=1953&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1063%2F1.3061184&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+J.+Hopfield+%28spectroscopist%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/2024/press-release/">"The Nobel Prize in Physics 2024"</a>. <i>NobelPrize.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-10-08</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NobelPrize.org&rft.atitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physics+2024&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nobelprize.org%2Fprizes%2Fphysics%2F2024%2Fpress-release%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+J.+Hopfield+%28spectroscopist%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHopfield,_J._J.R._T._Birge1927" class="citation journal cs1">Hopfield, J. J.; R. T. Birge (1927). "Ultraviolet Absorption and Emission Spectra of Carbon Monoxide". <i>Physical Review</i>. <b>29</b> (6): 922. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1927PhRv...29..901.">1927PhRv...29..901.</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1103%2FPhysRev.29.901">10.1103/PhysRev.29.901</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Physical+Review&rft.atitle=Ultraviolet+Absorption+and+Emission+Spectra+of+Carbon+Monoxide&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=6&rft.pages=922&rft.date=1927&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1103%2FPhysRev.29.901&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1927PhRv...29..901.&rft.au=Hopfield%2C+J.+J.&rft.au=R.+T.+Birge&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+J.+Hopfield+%28spectroscopist%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBirge,_R._T.J._J._Hopfield1928" class="citation journal cs1">Birge, R. T.; J. J. Hopfield (1928). "The Ultra-Violet Band Spectrum of Nitrogen". <i>The Astrophysical Journal</i>. <b>68</b>: 257. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1928ApJ....68..257B">1928ApJ....68..257B</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1086%2F143142">10.1086/143142</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Astrophysical+Journal&rft.atitle=The+Ultra-Violet+Band+Spectrum+of+Nitrogen&rft.volume=68&rft.pages=257&rft.date=1928&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1086%2F143142&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1928ApJ....68..257B&rft.au=Birge%2C+R.+T.&rft.au=J.+J.+Hopfield&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+J.+Hopfield+%28spectroscopist%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHopfield,_John_J.1930" class="citation journal cs1">Hopfield, John J. (1930). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1086%2F143271">"New Ultra-Violet Spectrum of Helium"</a>. <i>The Astrophysical Journal</i>. <b>72</b>: 133. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1930ApJ....72..133H">1930ApJ....72..133H</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1086%2F143271">10.1086/143271</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Astrophysical+Journal&rft.atitle=New+Ultra-Violet+Spectrum+of+Helium&rft.volume=72&rft.pages=133&rft.date=1930&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1086%2F143271&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1930ApJ....72..133H&rft.au=Hopfield%2C+John+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1086%252F143271&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+J.+Hopfield+%28spectroscopist%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHopfield,_John_J.1930" class="citation journal cs1">Hopfield, John J. (1930). "Absorption and Emission Spectra in the Region λ 600-1100". <i>Physical Review</i>. <b>35</b> (9): 1133. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1930PhRv...35.1133H">1930PhRv...35.1133H</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1103%2Fphysrev.35.1133">10.1103/physrev.35.1133</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Physical+Review&rft.atitle=Absorption+and+Emission+Spectra+in+the+Region+%CE%BB+600-1100&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=9&rft.pages=1133&rft.date=1930&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1103%2Fphysrev.35.1133&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1930PhRv...35.1133H&rft.au=Hopfield%2C+John+J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+J.+Hopfield+%28spectroscopist%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHopfield,_J._J.1930" class="citation journal cs1">Hopfield, J. J. (1930). "New Oxygen Spectra in the Ultraviolet and new Spectra in Nitrogen". <i>Physical Review</i>. <b>36</b> (4): 789–790. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1930PhRv...36..783.">1930PhRv...36..783.</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1103%2Fphysrev.36.783">10.1103/physrev.36.783</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Physical+Review&rft.atitle=New+Oxygen+Spectra+in+the+Ultraviolet+and+new+Spectra+in+Nitrogen&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=789-790&rft.date=1930&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1103%2Fphysrev.36.783&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1930PhRv...36..783.&rft.au=Hopfield%2C+J.+J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+J.+Hopfield+%28spectroscopist%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHopfield,_J._J.E._T._S._Appleyard1932" class="citation journal cs1">Hopfield, J. J.; E. T. S. Appleyard (1932). "A Simplified Method of Preparing Schumann Plates". <i>JOSA</i>. <b>22</b> (9): 488–495. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1364%2Fjosa.22.000488">10.1364/josa.22.000488</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=JOSA&rft.atitle=A+Simplified+Method+of+Preparing+Schumann+Plates&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=9&rft.pages=488-495&rft.date=1932&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1364%2Fjosa.22.000488&rft.au=Hopfield%2C+J.+J.&rft.au=E.+T.+S.+Appleyard&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+J.+Hopfield+%28spectroscopist%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHopfield,_J._J.Clearman,_H._E.1948" class="citation journal cs1">Hopfield, J. J.; Clearman, H. E. (1948). "The Ultraviolet Spectrum of the Sun from V2 Rockets". <i>Phys. Rev</i>. <b>73</b> (9): 877–884. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1948PhRv...73..877H">1948PhRv...73..877H</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1103%2FPhysRev.73.877">10.1103/PhysRev.73.877</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Phys.+Rev.&rft.atitle=The+Ultraviolet+Spectrum+of+the+Sun+from+V2+Rockets&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=9&rft.pages=877-884&rft.date=1948&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1103%2FPhysRev.73.877&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1948PhRv...73..877H&rft.au=Hopfield%2C+J.+J.&rft.au=Clearman%2C+H.+E.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+J.+Hopfield+%28spectroscopist%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHopfield,_John_J.1933" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol">Hopfield, John J. (28 February 1933). <i>HOPFIELD</i>. Vol. U.S. Patent No. 1, 899, 804. Washington, D.C.: <a href="/wiki/U.S._Patent_and_Trademark_Office" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Patent and Trademark Office">U.S. Patent and Trademark Office</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=HOPFIELD&rft.place=Washington%2C+D.C.&rft.pub=U.S.+Patent+and+Trademark+Office&rft.date=1933-02-28&rft.au=Hopfield%2C+John+J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+J.+Hopfield+%28spectroscopist%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHopfield,_John_J.1940" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol">Hopfield, John J. (3 September 1940). <i>Manufacture of multiple glass sheet glazing units</i>. Vol. U.S. Patent No. 2, 213, 395. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Manufacture+of+multiple+glass+sheet+glazing+units&rft.place=Washington%2C+D.C.&rft.pub=U.S.+Patent+and+Trademark+Office&rft.date=1940-09-03&rft.au=Hopfield%2C+John+J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+J.+Hopfield+%28spectroscopist%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHopfield,_John_J.1941" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol">Hopfield, John J. (14 January 1941). <i>Uniting of glass to glass and metals to glass</i>. Vol. U.S. Patent No. 2, 228, 352. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Uniting+of+glass+to+glass+and+metals+to+glass&rft.place=Washington%2C+D.C.&rft.pub=U.S.+Patent+and+Trademark+Office&rft.date=1941-01-14&rft.au=Hopfield%2C+John+J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+J.+Hopfield+%28spectroscopist%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHaven,_Charles_D.John_J._Hopfield1941" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol">Haven, Charles D.; John J. Hopfield (18 March 1941). <i>Multiple glass sheet glazing unit and method of making the same</i>. Vol. U.S. Patent No. 2, 235, 680. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Multiple+glass+sheet+glazing+unit+and+method+of+making+the+same&rft.place=Washington%2C+D.C.&rft.pub=U.S.+Patent+and+Trademark+Office&rft.date=1941-03-18&rft.au=Haven%2C+Charles+D.&rft.au=John+J.+Hopfield&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+J.+Hopfield+%28spectroscopist%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHaven,_Charles_D.John_J._Hopfield1941" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol">Haven, Charles D.; John J. Hopfield (18 March 1941). <i>Multiple glass sheet glazing unit</i>. Vol. U.S. Patent No. 2, 235, 681. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Multiple+glass+sheet+glazing+unit&rft.place=Washington%2C+D.C.&rft.pub=U.S.+Patent+and+Trademark+Office&rft.date=1941-03-18&rft.au=Haven%2C+Charles+D.&rft.au=John+J.+Hopfield&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+J.+Hopfield+%28spectroscopist%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHopfield,_John_J.1943" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol">Hopfield, John J. (14 December 1943). <i>Method of fabricating multiple glass sheet glazing units</i>. Vol. U.S. Patent No. 2, 336, 544. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Method+of+fabricating+multiple+glass+sheet+glazing+units&rft.place=Washington%2C+D.C.&rft.pub=U.S.+Patent+and+Trademark+Office&rft.date=1943-12-14&rft.au=Hopfield%2C+John+J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+J.+Hopfield+%28spectroscopist%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl 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