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id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_sl.wikipedia.org&uselang=sl" class=""><span>Denarni prispevki</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Posebno:Registracija&returnto=Polarnost" title="Predlagamo vam, da si ustvarite račun in se prijavite, vendar to ni obvezno." class=""><span>Ustvari račun</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Posebno:Prijava&returnto=Polarnost" title="Prijava je zaželena, vendar ni obvezna [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Prijava</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Več možnosti" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Osebna orodja" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Osebna orodja</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Uporabniški meni" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_sl.wikipedia.org&uselang=sl"><span>Denarni prispevki</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Posebno:Registracija&returnto=Polarnost" title="Predlagamo vam, da si ustvarite račun in se prijavite, vendar to ni obvezno."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Ustvari račun</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Posebno:Prijava&returnto=Polarnost" title="Prijava je zaželena, vendar ni obvezna [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Prijava</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Strani za neprijavljene urejevalce <a href="/wiki/Pomo%C4%8D:Uvod" aria-label="Več o urejanju"><span>več o tem</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Posebno:MojiPrispevki" title="Seznam urejanj s tega IP-naslova [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Prispevki</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Posebno:MojPogovor" title="Pogovor o urejanjih s tega IP-naslova [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Pogovorna stran</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Projekt"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Vsebina" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Vsebina</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">prestavi v stransko letvico</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">skrij</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Uvod</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Polarnost_kovalentne_vezi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Polarnost_kovalentne_vezi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Polarnost kovalentne vezi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Polarnost_kovalentne_vezi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Polarnost_molekule" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Polarnost_molekule"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Polarnost molekule</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Polarnost_molekule-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Topnost_polarnih_in_nepolarnih_snovi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Topnost_polarnih_in_nepolarnih_snovi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Topnost polarnih in nepolarnih snovi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Topnost_polarnih_in_nepolarnih_snovi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Električna_prevodnost_polarnih_snovi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Električna_prevodnost_polarnih_snovi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Električna prevodnost polarnih snovi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Električna_prevodnost_polarnih_snovi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Vsebina" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Vklopi kazalo vsebine" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Vklopi kazalo vsebine</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Polarnost</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="P9jdi na članek v drugem jeziku. Na voljo v 38 jezikih." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-38" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">38 jezikov</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pol%C3%AAre_molekule" title="Polêre molekule – afrikanščina" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Polêre molekule" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikanščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%B7%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="قطبية كيميائية – arabščina" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="قطبية كيميائية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%96%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8F%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%86%D1%8C" title="Хімічная палярнасць – beloruščina" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Хімічная палярнасць" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="beloruščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polaritat_qu%C3%ADmica" title="Polaritat química – katalonščina" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Polaritat química" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalonščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polaridad_sa_usa_ka_Kimikal" title="Polaridad sa usa ka Kimikal – sebuanščina" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Polaridad sa usa ka Kimikal" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="sebuanščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemisk_polaritet" title="Kemisk polaritet – danščina" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Kemisk polaritet" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polarit%C3%A4t_(Chemie)" title="Polarität (Chemie) – nemščina" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Polarität (Chemie)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="nemščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A7%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%84%CE%B1" title="Χημική πολικότητα – grščina" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Χημική πολικότητα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_polarity" title="Chemical polarity – angleščina" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Chemical polarity" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="angleščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polaridad_(qu%C3%ADmica)" title="Polaridad (química) – španščina" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Polaridad (química)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="španščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molekuli_polaarsus" title="Molekuli polaarsus – estonščina" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Molekuli polaarsus" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polartasun_(kimika)" title="Polartasun (kimika) – baskovščina" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Polartasun (kimika)" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskovščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%B7%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%AA_%D8%B4%DB%8C%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C" title="قطبیت شیمیایی – perzijščina" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="قطبیت شیمیایی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perzijščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poolisuus" title="Poolisuus – finščina" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Poolisuus" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polarit%C3%A9_(chimie)" title="Polarité (chimie) – francoščina" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Polarité (chimie)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francoščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polara%C3%ADocht" title="Polaraíocht – irščina" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Polaraíocht" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polaridade_qu%C3%ADmica" title="Polaridade química – galicijščina" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Polaridade química" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicijščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%98%D7%91%D7%99%D7%95%D7%AA_(%D7%9B%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%94)" title="קוטביות (כימיה) – hebrejščina" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קוטביות (כימיה)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebrejščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE" title="रासायनिक ध्रुवीयता – hindijščina" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="रासायनिक ध्रुवीयता" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindijščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemijski_polaritet" title="Kemijski polaritet – hrvaščina" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Kemijski polaritet" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="hrvaščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polaritas_(kimia)" title="Polaritas (kimia) – indonezijščina" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Polaritas (kimia)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonezijščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polarit%C3%A0" title="Polarità – italijanščina" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Polarità" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italijanščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9E%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%95%E1%83%97%E1%83%98%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="პოლარული ნივთიერებები – gruzijščina" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="პოლარული ნივთიერებები" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="gruzijščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tizzugla_(takrura)" title="Tizzugla (takrura) – kabilščina" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Tizzugla (takrura)" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="kabilščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B7%B9%EC%84%B1_(%ED%99%94%ED%95%99)" title="극성 (화학) – korejščina" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="극성 (화학)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korejščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B8_%E0%B4%A7%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%A4" title="രാസ ധ്രുവത – malajalamščina" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="രാസ ധ്രുവത" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malajalamščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polarisatie_(scheikunde)" title="Polarisatie (scheikunde) – nizozemščina" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Polarisatie (scheikunde)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nizozemščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polaritet_(kjemi)" title="Polaritet (kjemi) – knjižna norveščina" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Polaritet (kjemi)" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="knjižna norveščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polarno%C5%9B%C4%87" title="Polarność – poljščina" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Polarność" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poljščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polaridade_(qu%C3%ADmica)" title="Polaridade (química) – portugalščina" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Polaridade (química)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polaritate_(chimie)" title="Polaritate (chimie) – romunščina" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Polaritate (chimie)" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="romunščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemijska_polarnost" title="Hemijska polarnost – srbohrvaščina" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Hemijska polarnost" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="srbohrvaščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polarita_(ch%C3%A9mia)" title="Polarita (chémia) – slovaščina" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Polarita (chémia)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovaščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemijska_polarnost" title="Hemijska polarnost – srbščina" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Hemijska polarnost" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="srbščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%A9_%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%88" title="இரசாயன முனைவுத்தன்மை – tamilščina" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="இரசாயன முனைவுத்தன்மை" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8F%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C_(%D1%85%D1%96%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%8F)" title="Полярність (хімія) – ukrajinščina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Полярність (хімія)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrajinščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9E%81%E6%80%A7" title="极性 – kitajščina" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="极性" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kitajščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A5%B5%E6%80%A7" title="極性 – kantonščina" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="極性" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q506623#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Uredi medjezikovne povezave" class="wbc-editpage">Uredi povezave</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Imenski prostori"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Polarnost" title="Ogled vsebinske strani [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Stran</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a 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class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">prestavi v stransko letvico</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">skrij</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Iz Wikipedije, proste enciklopedije</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="sl" dir="ltr"><p><b>Polárnost</b> <a href="/wiki/Kovalentna_vez" title="Kovalentna vez">kovalentne vezi</a> je pojav, ko si dva ali več <a href="/wiki/Atom" title="Atom">atomov</a>, povezanih s kovalentno vezjo, »nepravično« oz. neenakomerno izmenjujeta skupni elektronski par. <a href="/wiki/Molekula" title="Molekula">Molekula</a> je navzven nevtralna oziroma nepolarna, tudi če so vezi v njej polarne, a to je možno le, če je molekula <a href="/wiki/Simetrija" title="Simetrija">simetrična</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Polarnost_kovalentne_vezi">Polarnost kovalentne vezi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Polarnost&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Uredi razdelek: Polarnost kovalentne vezi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Polarnost&action=edit&section=1" title="Urejanje izvorne kode razdelka: Polarnost kovalentne vezi"><span>uredi kodo</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kovalentna vez je polarna, če se s kovalentno vezjo povežeta dva ali več različnih atomov. Atom, ki ima večjo <a href="/wiki/Elektronegativnost" title="Elektronegativnost">elektronegativnost</a>, privlači skupni elektronski par močneje kot drugi atom. Posledica tega je nastanek <a href="/wiki/Elektri%C4%8Dni_dipolni_moment" title="Električni dipolni moment">dipolnega momenta</a>. Ker en atom privlači skupni elektronski par močneje kot drugi atom, se skupni elektronski par okoli prvega atoma zadržuje več časa, kot okoli drugega, kar povzroči rahel negativni <a href="/wiki/Elektri%C4%8Dni_naboj" title="Električni naboj">električni naboj</a> pri prvem in rahel pozitivni električni naboj pri drugem atomu. </p><p>Kovalentna vez je nepolarna, če se s kovalentno vezjo povežeta dva ali več enakih atomov. Vsi imajo enako elektronegativnost, vsi privlačijo elektronski par z enako močjo, torej se ta zadržuje na obeh koncih molekule enako dolgo. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Polarnost_molekule">Polarnost molekule</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Polarnost&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Uredi razdelek: Polarnost molekule" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Polarnost&action=edit&section=2" title="Urejanje izvorne kode razdelka: Polarnost molekule"><span>uredi kodo</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Polarnost molekule ni odvisna le od polarnosti vezi, temveč tudi od <a href="/wiki/Elektri%C4%8Dni_dipolni_moment" title="Električni dipolni moment">dipolnih momentov</a>. </p><p>Če so vse vezi v molekuli nepolarne, potem je tudi celotna molekula nepolarna (npr. molekula <a href="/wiki/Jod" title="Jod">joda</a> - <a href="/wiki/Jod" title="Jod">I2</a>). </p><p>Če so vezi znotraj nje polarne, potem je lahko molekula nepolarna (molekula je simetrična, dipolni momenti se med seboj popolnoma izničijo; npr. borov trifluorid - BF3) ali pa polarna (molekula je največkrat nesimetrična, dipolni momenti se med seboj ne izničijo; npr. <a href="/wiki/Voda" title="Voda">voda</a> - <a href="/wiki/Voda" title="Voda">H2O</a> ali <a href="/wiki/Cianovodikova_kislina" title="Cianovodikova kislina">cianovodik</a> - <a href="/wiki/Cianovodikova_kislina" title="Cianovodikova kislina">HCN</a>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Topnost_polarnih_in_nepolarnih_snovi">Topnost polarnih in nepolarnih snovi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Polarnost&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Uredi razdelek: Topnost polarnih in nepolarnih snovi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Polarnost&action=edit&section=3" title="Urejanje izvorne kode razdelka: Topnost polarnih in nepolarnih snovi"><span>uredi kodo</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><div class="noprint relarticle mainarticle"><i>Glavni članek: <a href="/wiki/Topilo" title="Topilo">Topilo</a>.</i></div></dd></dl> <p><a href="/wiki/Topnost" title="Topnost">Topnost</a> neke snovi je močno odvisna od polarnosti. V polarnih topilih (najbolj znano je voda) se <a href="/wiki/Raztopina" title="Raztopina">raztapljajo</a> le snovi, ki so iz polarnih molekul ali iz ionov. Če v kozarec vode dodamo <a href="/wiki/Sol" title="Sol">sol</a>, ki je <a href="/wiki/Ionska_vez" title="Ionska vez">ionska spojina</a>, se bodo molekule vode »prisesale« na <a href="/wiki/Ion" title="Ion">ione</a>, in sicer negativni del, kjer je kisik, se bo prisesal na <a href="/wiki/Kation" title="Kation">pozitiven natrijev ion</a>, pozitivni del, kjer sta vodika, pa na <a href="/wiki/Anion" title="Anion">negativni klorov ion</a>. To povzroči razpad molekule snovi. Enak proces bi potekel med vodo in <a href="/wiki/Sladkor" title="Sladkor">sladkorjem</a> (npr. <a href="/wiki/Glukoza" title="Glukoza">glukozo</a>), ki je polarna snov. V nepolarnih topilih (heksan) pa se raztapljajo le nepolarne snovi. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Električna_prevodnost_polarnih_snovi"><span id="Elektri.C4.8Dna_prevodnost_polarnih_snovi"></span>Električna prevodnost polarnih snovi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Polarnost&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Uredi razdelek: Električna prevodnost polarnih snovi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Polarnost&action=edit&section=4" title="Urejanje izvorne kode razdelka: Električna prevodnost polarnih snovi"><span>uredi kodo</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><div class="noprint relarticle mainarticle"><i>Glavni članek: <a href="/wiki/Elektri%C4%8Dna_prevodnost" title="Električna prevodnost">Električna prevodnost</a>.</i></div></dd></dl> <p>Kljub temu, da je molekula polarna, je v primerjavi z ionsko snovjo skoraj povsem nevtralna (brez kakršnega koli naboja), saj so ti električni pribitki zelo majhni. Zaradi tega <a href="/wiki/Destilirana_voda" title="Destilirana voda">destilirana voda</a> praktično ne prevaja elektrike. Voda iz pipe, na primer, ga prevaja le, ker so v njej raztopljene marsikatere snovi, med njimi tudi ioni, prek katerih steče električni tok. </p>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Pridobljeno iz »<a dir="ltr" href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Polarnost&oldid=6115450">https://sl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Polarnost&oldid=6115450</a>«</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Posebno:Kategorije" title="Posebno:Kategorije">Kategorije</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Fizikalna_kemija" title="Kategorija:Fizikalna kemija">Fizikalna kemija</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Kemijske_lastnosti" title="Kategorija:Kemijske lastnosti">Kemijske lastnosti</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Kemijske_vezi" title="Kategorija:Kemijske vezi">Kemijske vezi</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Čas zadnje spremembe strani: 10:33, 30. oktober 2023.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Besedilo se sme prosto uporabljati v skladu z dovoljenjem <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Creative Commons Priznanje avtorstva-Deljenje pod enakimi pogoji 4.0</a>; uveljavljajo se lahko dodatni pogoji. 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