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id="toc-Sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" 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Moscheles</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 27 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-27" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">27 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ignaz_Moscheles" title="Ignaz Moscheles – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Ignaz Moscheles" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ignaz_Moscheles" title="Ignaz Moscheles – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Ignaz Moscheles" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ignaz_Moscheles" title="Ignaz Moscheles – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Ignaz Moscheles" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ignaz_Moscheles" title="Ignaz Moscheles – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Ignaz Moscheles" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ignaz_Moscheles" title="Ignaz Moscheles – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ignaz Moscheles" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ignaz_Moscheles" title="Ignaz Moscheles – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Ignaz Moscheles" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%DA%AF%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%B3_%D9%85%D8%B4%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D9%84%D8%B3" title="ایگناتس مشه‌لس – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ایگناتس مشه‌لس" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ignaz_Moscheles" title="Ignaz Moscheles – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Ignaz Moscheles" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EA%B7%B8%EB%82%98%EC%B8%A0_%EB%AA%A8%EC%85%B8%EB%A0%88%EC%8A%A4" title="이그나츠 모셸레스 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="이그나츠 모셸레스" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BB%D5%A3%D5%B6%D5%A1%D6%81_%D5%84%D5%B8%D5%B7%D5%A5%D5%AC%D5%A5%D5%BD" title="Իգնաց Մոշելես – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Իգնաց Մոշելես" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ignaz_Moscheles" title="Ignaz Moscheles – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Ignaz Moscheles" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%99%D7%92%D7%A0%D7%A5_%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%A9%D7%9C%D7%A1" title="איגנץ מושלס – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="איגנץ מושלס" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ignatius_Moscheles" title="Ignatius Moscheles – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Ignatius Moscheles" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ignaz_Moscheles" title="Ignaz Moscheles – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Ignaz Moscheles" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%AC%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B2_%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B4%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%B3" title="ايجناز موستشيليس – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ايجناز موستشيليس" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ignaz_Moscheles" title="Ignaz Moscheles – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Ignaz Moscheles" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A4%E3%82%B0%E3%83%8A%E3%83%BC%E3%83%84%E3%83%BB%E3%83%A2%E3%82%B7%E3%82%A7%E3%83%AC%E3%82%B9" title="イグナーツ・モシェレス – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="イグナーツ・モシェレス" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ignaz_Moscheles" title="Ignaz Moscheles – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Ignaz Moscheles" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ignaz_Moscheles" title="Ignaz Moscheles – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Ignaz Moscheles" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ignaz_Moscheles" title="Ignaz Moscheles – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ignaz Moscheles" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ignaz_Moscheles" title="Ignaz Moscheles – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Ignaz Moscheles" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%81,_%D0%98%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%86" title="Мошелес, Игнац – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Мошелес, Игнац" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ignaz_Moscheles" title="Ignaz Moscheles – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Ignaz Moscheles" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ignaz_Moscheles" title="Ignaz Moscheles – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Ignaz Moscheles" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%86_%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%81" title="Ігнац Мошелес – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Ігнац Мошелес" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ignaz_Moscheles" title="Ignaz Moscheles – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Ignaz Moscheles" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%A0%BC%E7%BA%B3%E5%85%B9%C2%B7%E8%8E%AB%E8%B0%A2%E8%8E%B1%E6%96%AF" title="伊格纳兹·莫谢莱斯 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="伊格纳兹·莫谢莱斯" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q159551#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon 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</div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Bohemian pianist and composer (1794–1870)</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Ignaz Moscheles</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Ignaz_Moscheles_1860.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Ignaz_Moscheles_1860.jpg/220px-Ignaz_Moscheles_1860.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="292" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Ignaz_Moscheles_1860.jpg/330px-Ignaz_Moscheles_1860.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Ignaz_Moscheles_1860.jpg/440px-Ignaz_Moscheles_1860.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1279" data-file-height="1695" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Moscheles, from a portrait by his son <a href="/wiki/Felix_Moscheles" title="Felix Moscheles">Felix Moscheles</a>, <a href="/wiki/Category:1860" title="Category:1860">1860</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Isaac Ignaz Moscheles</div><br /><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1794-05-23</span>)</span>23 May 1794<br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Prague" title="Prague">Prague</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">10 March 1870<span style="display:none">(1870-03-10)</span> (aged 75)<br /><div style="display:inline" class="deathplace"><a href="/wiki/Leipzig" title="Leipzig">Leipzig</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data">Charlotte</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">2 sons and 3 daughters</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Parent(s)</th><td class="infobox-data">Klara Popper (Lieben) and Joachim Moises Moscheles</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Isaac Ignaz Moscheles</b> (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">German pronunciation:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="de-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Standard_German" title="Help:IPA/Standard German">[ˈɪɡnaːts<span class="wrap"> </span>ˈmɔʃələs]</a></span>; 23 May 1794<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> – 10 March 1870) was a <a href="/wiki/Bohemia" title="Bohemia">Bohemian</a> piano <a href="/wiki/Virtuoso" title="Virtuoso">virtuoso</a> and composer. He was based initially in <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a> and later at <a href="/wiki/Leipzig" title="Leipzig">Leipzig</a>, where he joined his friend and sometime pupil <a href="/wiki/Felix_Mendelssohn" title="Felix Mendelssohn">Felix Mendelssohn</a> as professor of piano in the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Music_and_Theatre_Leipzig" title="University of Music and Theatre Leipzig">Conservatory</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Life">Life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ignaz_Moscheles&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_life_and_career">Early life and career</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ignaz_Moscheles&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Early life and career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Moscheles was born 1794 in <a href="/wiki/Prague" title="Prague">Prague</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bohemia" title="Bohemia">Bohemia</a>, the son of Klara Popper (Lieben) and Joachim Moises Moscheles.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was from an affluent <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_Germany" title="History of the Jews in Germany">German-speaking Jewish</a> merchant family. His first name was originally Isaac. His father played the guitar and was keen for one of his children to become a musician. Initially his hopes fixed on Ignaz's sister, but when she demurred, her piano lessons were transferred to her brother. Ignaz developed an early passion for the (then revolutionary) piano music of <a href="/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven">Beethoven</a>, which the Mozartean <a href="/wiki/Bed%C5%99ich_Divi%C5%A1_Weber" title="Bedřich Diviš Weber">Bedřich Diviš Weber</a>, his teacher at the <a href="/wiki/Prague_Conservatory" title="Prague Conservatory">Prague Conservatory</a>, attempted to curb, urging him to focus on Bach, Mozart and <a href="/wiki/Muzio_Clementi" title="Muzio Clementi">Muzio Clementi</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After his father's early death, Moscheles settled in <a href="/wiki/Vienna" title="Vienna">Vienna</a> in 1808. His abilities were such that he was able to study in the city under <a href="/wiki/Johann_Georg_Albrechtsberger" title="Johann Georg Albrechtsberger">Albrechtsberger</a> for counterpoint and theory and <a href="/wiki/Antonio_Salieri" title="Antonio Salieri">Salieri</a> for composition. At this time he changed his first name from "Isaac" to "Ignaz". He was one of the leading virtuosi resident in Vienna during the 1814–1815 <a href="/wiki/Congress_of_Vienna" title="Congress of Vienna">Congress of Vienna</a>, and it was at this time that he wrote his enormously popular virtuosic <i>Alexander Variations</i>, Op. 32 for piano and orchestra, which he later played throughout Europe. Here, too, he became a close friend of <a href="/wiki/Giacomo_Meyerbeer" title="Giacomo Meyerbeer">Giacomo Meyerbeer</a>, at that time still a piano virtuoso, not yet a composer; their extemporized piano-duets were highly acclaimed.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Moscheles was also familiar with <a href="/wiki/Johann_Nepomuk_Hummel" title="Johann Nepomuk Hummel">Hummel</a> and <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Wilhelm_Kalkbrenner" class="mw-redirect" title="Friedrich Wilhelm Kalkbrenner">Kalkbrenner</a>. Among the virtuosi of the 1820s, Hummel, Kalkbrenner, <a href="/wiki/Johann_Baptist_Cramer" title="Johann Baptist Cramer">Cramer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Henri_Herz" title="Henri Herz">Herz</a> and <a href="/wiki/Carl_Maria_von_Weber" title="Carl Maria von Weber">Weber</a> were his most famous rivals.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>While in Vienna, Moscheles was able to meet his idol Beethoven, who was so impressed with the young man's abilities that he entrusted him with the preparation of the piano score of his opera <i><a href="/wiki/Fidelio" title="Fidelio">Fidelio</a></i>, commissioned by his publisher <a href="/wiki/Artaria" title="Artaria">Artaria</a>. At the end of his manuscript, before presenting it to Beethoven, Moscheles wrote the words <i>Fine mit gottes Hülfe</i> ("Finished with God's help"). Beethoven approved Moscheles's version, but appended the words <i>O Mensch, hilf dir selber</i> ("O Man, help thyself!").<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Moscheles's good relations with Beethoven were to prove important to both at the end of Beethoven's life.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Faith_and_family">Faith and family</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ignaz_Moscheles&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Faith and family"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Charlotte_Emden_Moscheles,_by_Henri_Lehmann.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Charlotte_Emden_Moscheles%2C_by_Henri_Lehmann.jpg/220px-Charlotte_Emden_Moscheles%2C_by_Henri_Lehmann.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="271" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Charlotte_Emden_Moscheles%2C_by_Henri_Lehmann.jpg/330px-Charlotte_Emden_Moscheles%2C_by_Henri_Lehmann.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Charlotte_Emden_Moscheles%2C_by_Henri_Lehmann.jpg/440px-Charlotte_Emden_Moscheles%2C_by_Henri_Lehmann.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1654" data-file-height="2039" /></a><figcaption>Moscheles married Charlotte Emden (<a href="/wiki/Henri_Lehmann" title="Henri Lehmann">Henri Lehmann</a>,1837)</figcaption></figure> <p>Moscheles was still a <a href="/wiki/Judaism" title="Judaism">practising Jew</a> in <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_Vienna" title="History of the Jews in Vienna">Vienna</a> in 1814–15. His wife noted that he was a member of the congregation in Vienna, and that he wrote for the Vienna Jewish community an oratorio celebrating the peace. Throughout his life, like many other musicians of Jewish origin, he remained close to other musicians of similar descent such as <a href="/wiki/Felix_Mendelssohn" title="Felix Mendelssohn">Felix Mendelssohn</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anton_Rubinstein" title="Anton Rubinstein">Anton Rubinstein</a>, <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Joachim" title="Joseph Joachim">Joseph Joachim</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_Hiller" title="Ferdinand Hiller">Ferdinand Hiller</a>. He also remained in contact with patrons of Jewish origin such as the <a href="/wiki/Bernhard_von_Eskeles" title="Bernhard von Eskeles">Eskeles</a> family in Vienna, the Leo family in Paris, and the <a href="/wiki/Rothschild_banking_family_of_England" title="Rothschild banking family of England">Rothschilds in England</a>. He married Charlotte Emden, daughter of a Hamburg Jewish banker and a cousin of <a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Heine" title="Heinrich Heine">Heinrich Heine</a>, in a <a href="/wiki/Hamburg" title="Hamburg">Hamburg</a> synagogue in 1825.<sup id="cite_ref-Eitner_Moscheles_1885_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Eitner_Moscheles_1885-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nonetheless, after he settled in England, Moscheles became a member of the <a href="/wiki/Church_of_England" title="Church of England">Church of England</a>. </p><p>His children, two sons and three daughters,<sup id="cite_ref-Eitner_Moscheles_1885_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Eitner_Moscheles_1885-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> were all baptised at birth and he and his wife were baptised in 1832. They were parents to the painters <a href="/wiki/Felix_Moscheles" title="Felix Moscheles">Felix</a> (1833–1917), their second son, and Serena Anna Moscheles (1830–1902), their second daughter and wife of <a href="/wiki/Georg_Rosen_(1821%E2%80%931891)" title="Georg Rosen (1821–1891)">Georg Rosen</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Rosen was an orientalist like his brother of <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_August_Rosen" title="Friedrich August Rosen">Friedrich August Rosen</a>, another friend of Mendelssohn, like Moscheles. His granddaughter <a href="/wiki/Jelka_Rosen" title="Jelka Rosen">Jelka Rosen</a>, also a painter, married the composer <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Delius" title="Frederick Delius">Frederick Delius</a>. Another granddaughter, Marie-Thérèse, married <a href="/wiki/Henry_Fielding_Dickens" title="Henry Fielding Dickens">Henry Fielding Dickens</a>, the son of author <a href="/wiki/Charles_Dickens" title="Charles Dickens">Charles Dickens</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Moscheles travelled extensively in Europe as a pianist and conductor, eventually settling in London (1825–1846) where he became co-director of the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Philharmonic_Society" title="Royal Philharmonic Society">Royal Philharmonic Society</a> in 1832. He never disavowed his Jewish origins and frequently took his family to visit his relatives in Prague, all of whom had retained their Jewish allegiances.<sup id="cite_ref-Conway_2011,_106_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Conway_2011,_106-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Through his Dickens descendants, he is a great-grandfather of Admiral <a href="/wiki/Gerald_Charles_Dickens" title="Gerald Charles Dickens">Gerald Charles Dickens</a> and a great-great-great-great-grandfather of actor <a href="/wiki/Harry_Lloyd" title="Harry Lloyd">Harry Lloyd</a>. Through his Roche descendants, he is great-great-grandfather to the musicologist <a href="/wiki/Jerome_Roche" title="Jerome Roche">Jerome Roche</a>, and great-great-great-grandfather to historian Helen Roche and electronic musician <a href="/wiki/Mike_Paradinas" title="Mike Paradinas">Mike Paradinas</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mendelssohn_and_the_London_period">Mendelssohn and the London period</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ignaz_Moscheles&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Mendelssohn and the London period"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After his Viennese period there followed for Moscheles a sensational series of European concert tours – it was after hearing Moscheles play at Carlsbad that the boy <a href="/wiki/Robert_Schumann" title="Robert Schumann">Robert Schumann</a> was fired to become a piano virtuoso himself. But Moscheles found an especially warm welcome in London, where in 1822 he was awarded an honorary membership of the London Academy of Music (later to become the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Academy_of_Music" title="Royal Academy of Music">Royal Academy of Music</a>). At the end of the year he wrote in his diary, "I feel more and more at home in England", and he had no hesitation in settling there after his marriage. Moscheles visited most of the great capitals of Europe, making his first appearance in London in 1822, and there securing the friendship of <a href="/wiki/Muzio_Clementi" title="Muzio Clementi">Muzio Clementi</a> and <a href="/wiki/Johann_Baptist_Cramer" title="Johann Baptist Cramer">Johann Baptist Cramer</a>. Moscheles was also a student of Muzio Clementi. </p><p>In March 1823, Moscheles paid a long visit to <a href="/wiki/Bath,_Somerset" title="Bath, Somerset">Bath</a> in <a href="/wiki/Somerset" title="Somerset">Somerset</a> and started work on his Piano Concerto No. 4 (Op. 64). On an excursion to <a href="/wiki/Bristol" title="Bristol">Bristol</a>, Coleridge says that, "Moscheles delights in the view of the Bristol Channel and adds, "What can be finer than the first view of the Welsh mountains from Clifton? an enchanting panorama? The very place to write an adagio; the blue mountains form such a grand background to this bright channel." The piano concerto had its first performance, in London, shortly afterwards, on 16 June.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Before that, however, in 1824, he had accepted an invitation to visit <a href="/wiki/Abraham_Mendelssohn_Bartholdy" title="Abraham Mendelssohn Bartholdy">Abraham Mendelssohn Bartholdy</a> in Berlin to give some lessons to his children <a href="/wiki/Felix_Mendelssohn" title="Felix Mendelssohn">Felix</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fanny_Mendelssohn" title="Fanny Mendelssohn">Fanny</a>. His comments on meeting them were: "This is a family the like of which I have never known. Felix, a boy of fifteen is a phenomenon. What are all prodigies compared with him? ... He is already a mature artist. His elder sister Fanny is also extraordinarily gifted." Shortly afterwards he wrote: "This afternoon ... I gave Felix Mendelssohn his first lesson, without losing sight for a moment of the fact that I was sitting next to a master, not a pupil."<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Thus began a relationship of extraordinary intensity which lasted throughout and beyond Mendelssohn's life (he died in 1847). Moscheles was instrumental in bringing Felix to London for the first time in 1829 – Abraham entrusted Felix to his care for this visit. Moscheles had carefully prepared for it. In London, apart from becoming a regular and successful performer as well as a musical adviser for the soirées of the Rothschilds, he had become an invaluable aid for <a href="/wiki/George_Thomas_Smart" title="George Thomas Smart">Sir George Smart</a> and the Philharmonic Society, advising them of the talents of European musicians he encountered on his own concert-tours. When Smart himself toured Europe in 1825 looking for new music and musicians for the Society, Moscheles furnished Smart with a list of contacts and letters of introduction, including both Beethoven and Mendelssohn. In Prague, Moscheles's brother acted as Smart's guide. Smart visited the Mendelssohns in Berlin and was impressed with both Felix and Fanny. This eventually led to Mendelssohn's invitation to conduct at the Society on his 1829 visit.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1827, Moscheles acted as intermediary between the Philharmonic Society and the dying Beethoven.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He helped persuade the Society to send Beethoven desperately needed funds during the composer's illness. In return, Beethoven offered to write for the Society his (uncompleted) <a href="/wiki/Symphony_No._10_(Beethoven/Cooper)" title="Symphony No. 10 (Beethoven/Cooper)">Tenth Symphony</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Mendelssohn's great success in England from 1829 until the end of his life also reflected well on his friend. Although Moscheles's music was now being looked on as a little old-fashioned, he was heavily in demand as a music teacher and included amongst his pupils many children of the rich and aristocratic classes. He was also appointed "Pianist to <a href="/wiki/Prince_Albert_of_Saxe-Coburg_and_Gotha" title="Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha">Prince Albert</a>", a sinecure, which nevertheless confirmed his status.<sup id="cite_ref-Conway_2011,_106_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Conway_2011,_106-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Child prodigy pianist <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Jonas" title="Elizabeth Jonas">Elizabeth Jonas</a>, a student of Moscheles, played several command performances at <a href="/wiki/Windsor_Castle" title="Windsor Castle">Windsor Castle</a>. </p><p>Moscheles never ceased to promote the music of Beethoven and gave many recitals of his music: in 1832 he conducted the London premiere of Beethoven's <i><a href="/wiki/Missa_Solemnis_(Beethoven)" class="mw-redirect" title="Missa Solemnis (Beethoven)">Missa Solemnis</a></i>, and he translated <a href="/wiki/Anton_Felix_Schindler" class="mw-redirect" title="Anton Felix Schindler">A.F. Schindler</a>'s biography of Beethoven into English. He was an early exponent of the piano recital – the concert of music for piano alone, the innovation of which is disputed between <a href="/wiki/Franz_Liszt" title="Franz Liszt">Liszt</a> and Moscheles. Moscheles gave the first fully public performance of Beethoven's <a href="/wiki/Hammerklavier_Sonata" class="mw-redirect" title="Hammerklavier Sonata">Hammerklavier Sonata</a> in London on 14 March 1839, three years after Liszt had performed it for an invited audience in Paris.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Moscheles notably reintroduced the harpsichord as a solo recital instrument. He also often performed in concert with Mendelssohn in London (and elsewhere) – one great favourite of both musicians were <a href="/wiki/Johann_Sebastian_Bach" title="Johann Sebastian Bach">Bach</a>'s concerti for multiple keyboard instruments. On these occasions Mendelssohn and Moscheles were renowned for vying with each other in impromptu <a href="/wiki/Cadenza" title="Cadenza">cadenzas</a>. Performances of the three-harpsichord concerto were given, on one occasion with <a href="/wiki/Sigismund_Thalberg" class="mw-redirect" title="Sigismund Thalberg">Thalberg</a> at the third keyboard, on another with <a href="/wiki/Clara_Schumann" title="Clara Schumann">Clara Schumann</a>. Moscheles often appeared as a conductor, especially of Beethoven.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_Leipzig_years">The Leipzig years</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ignaz_Moscheles&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: The Leipzig years"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Moscheles_in_Leipzig.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Moscheles_in_Leipzig.jpg/220px-Moscheles_in_Leipzig.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="286" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Moscheles_in_Leipzig.jpg/330px-Moscheles_in_Leipzig.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/36/Moscheles_in_Leipzig.jpg 2x" data-file-width="438" data-file-height="569" /></a><figcaption>Moscheles in Leipzig</figcaption></figure> <p>Although throughout this period Moscheles continued to write music and travel on concert tours, he depended heavily on teaching for income, and this placed him under considerable stress. When therefore Mendelssohn established a <a href="/wiki/Music_school" title="Music school">Conservatory</a> at <a href="/wiki/Leipzig" title="Leipzig">Leipzig</a> in 1843 he was keen to attract his friend Moscheles there as a colleague, promising him ample time in his schedules for concertising and music-making. After several years, Moscheles gladly accepted the position in 1846. He became a longstanding and prominent member of the Conservatory faculty, teaching piano there for several decades. </p><p>The Conservatory became in effect a shrine to Mendelssohn's musical legacy. The critic and pianist <a href="/wiki/Edward_Dannreuther" title="Edward Dannreuther">Edward Dannreuther</a>, who studied under Moscheles at Leipzig between 1859 and 1863, later wrote: </p> <blockquote><p>[...] it was whispered that the two old Grands in the pianoforte-room of the Conservatorium were wont to rehearse Mendelssohn's D minor Concerto all alone by themselves, from 12.30 on Sunday night until cock-crow! Force of habit, probably.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>It thus fell to Moscheles to lead the counter-attack on <a href="/wiki/Richard_Wagner" title="Richard Wagner">Wagner</a> after the latter's snide attack on Mendelssohn (and Meyerbeer) in his notorious article <i><a href="/wiki/Das_Judenthum_in_der_Musik" title="Das Judenthum in der Musik">Das Judenthum in der Musik</a></i> ("Jewry in Music"), which he did by requesting the resignation from the Conservatory's board of Wagner's editor, Brendel.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Like Mendelssohn, Moscheles believed that music had reached its Golden Age during the period Bach to Beethoven, and was suspicious of (although not necessarily antagonistic towards) new directions such as those shown by Wagner, Liszt and Berlioz. Nevertheless, his personal relations with all of these (except perhaps Wagner) remained cordial. The Mendelssohn legacy in Britain meant that the Leipzig Conservatory had a high reputation amongst English musicians and amongst those who studied there during Moscheles's time were <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Sullivan" title="Arthur Sullivan">Arthur Sullivan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Charles_Villiers_Stanford" title="Charles Villiers Stanford">Charles Villiers Stanford</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Moscheles died in Leipzig on 10 March 1870, nine days after attending his last rehearsal with the <a href="/wiki/Leipzig_Gewandhaus_Orchestra" title="Leipzig Gewandhaus Orchestra">Leipzig Gewandhaus Orchestra</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Music">Music</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ignaz_Moscheles&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Music"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_compositions_by_Ignaz_Moscheles" title="List of compositions by Ignaz Moscheles">List of compositions by Ignaz Moscheles</a></div> <p>Among his 142 opus numbers, Moscheles wrote a number of symphonic works. Apart from an <a href="/wiki/Overture" title="Overture">overture</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Ballet" title="Ballet">ballet</a> and a <a href="/wiki/Symphony" title="Symphony">symphony</a>, all are scored for piano and orchestra: eight <a href="/wiki/Piano_concerto" title="Piano concerto">piano concertos</a> (of which the last is in fragmentary form only, no orchestral parts having survived) and sets of <a href="/wiki/Variation_(music)" title="Variation (music)">variations</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fantasia_(music)" class="mw-redirect" title="Fantasia (music)">fantasias</a> on folk songs. The main theme of the finale of his fourth piano concerto is based on the tune "<a href="/wiki/The_British_Grenadiers" title="The British Grenadiers">The British Grenadiers</a>". Moscheles also left several chamber works (including a <a href="/wiki/Piano_trio" title="Piano trio">piano trio</a> that has been recorded), and a large number of works for piano solo, including <a href="/wiki/Piano_sonata" title="Piano sonata">sonatas</a> and the <a href="/wiki/%C3%89tude" title="Étude">études</a> that continued to be studied by advanced students even as Moscheles's music fell into eclipse. There are also some song settings.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>More recently, with the modest but noticeable revival of interest in compositions by this composer and those of his colleagues, more of Moscheles's works are being made accessible on compact disc, especially by small and independent record labels. All the completed piano concerti and fantasias for piano and orchestra are available on the <a href="/wiki/Hyperion_Records" title="Hyperion Records">Hyperion Records</a> label, played by <a href="/wiki/Howard_Shelley" title="Howard Shelley">Howard Shelley</a>, who also conducted the <a href="/wiki/Tasmanian_Symphony_Orchestra" title="Tasmanian Symphony Orchestra">Tasmanian Symphony Orchestra</a>; they have also issued the complete piano studies, played by <a href="/wiki/Piers_Lane" title="Piers Lane">Piers Lane</a>. <a href="/wiki/Ian_Hobson" title="Ian Hobson">Ian Hobson</a> has also recorded the first six and included a pair of variations not recorded by Shelley. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ignaz_Moscheles&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Much of what is known about Moscheles's life is derived from the biography, with selections from his diaries and correspondence, written after his death by his wife, Charlotte, and published in Germany in 1872; an English edition appeared the following year. The book also gives lively portraits of his era and of his musical contemporaries.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The diaries themselves are lost. Another important source is the correspondence between Moscheles and <a href="/wiki/Felix_Mendelssohn" title="Felix Mendelssohn">Mendelssohn</a>, preserved at the Brotherton Collection at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Leeds" title="University of Leeds">University of Leeds</a>, and published in 1888 by Ignaz's son (and Felix Mendelssohn's <a href="/wiki/Godparent" title="Godparent">god-son</a>), <a href="/wiki/Felix_Moscheles" title="Felix Moscheles">Felix Moscheles</a>. </p> <ul><li>Anon. (1898). "Edward Dannreuther" in <i><a href="/wiki/Musical_Times" class="mw-redirect" title="Musical Times">Musical Times</a></i> 39/688 (1 October 1898).</li> <li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFConway2011" class="citation book cs1">Conway, David (2011). <i>Jewry in Music: Entry to the Profession from the Enlightenment to Richard Wagner</i>. Cambridge. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-107-01538-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-107-01538-8"><bdi>978-1-107-01538-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Jewry+in+Music%3A+Entry+to+the+Profession+from+the+Enlightenment+to+Richard+Wagner&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-1-107-01538-8&rft.aulast=Conway&rft.aufirst=David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIgnaz+Moscheles" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKroll2014" class="citation book cs1">Kroll, Mark (2014). <i>Ignaz Moscheles and the Changing World of Musical Europe</i>. Woodbridge. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-843-83935-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-843-83935-4"><bdi>978-1-843-83935-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ignaz+Moscheles+and+the+Changing+World+of+Musical+Europe&rft.place=Woodbridge&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-1-843-83935-4&rft.aulast=Kroll&rft.aufirst=Mark&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIgnaz+Moscheles" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</span></li> <li>Moscheles, Charlotte, tr. A. D. Coleridge, <i>Life of Moscheles</i>, 2 vols. London 1873</li> <li>Moscheles, Felix (ed.) (1888). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/lettersfelixmen00moscgoog"><i>Letters of Felix Mendelssohn to Ignaz and Charlotte Moscheles</i></a>, London.</li> <li>Moscheles, Felix (1899). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/fragmentsanauto00moscgoog"><i>Fragments of an Autobiography</i></a>. London.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ignaz_Moscheles&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kroll (2014), p. 4.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKroll2014" class="citation book cs1">Kroll, Mark (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=MBQABQAAQBAJ&q=%22Moscheles,+Joachim+(Chaim)+Moses%22&pg=PA382"><i>Ignaz Moscheles and the Changing World of Musical Europe</i></a>. Boydell & Brewer. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781843839354" title="Special:BookSources/9781843839354"><bdi>9781843839354</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ignaz+Moscheles+and+the+Changing+World+of+Musical+Europe&rft.pub=Boydell+%26+Brewer&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=9781843839354&rft.aulast=Kroll&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DMBQABQAAQBAJ%26q%3D%2522Moscheles%2C%2BJoachim%2B%28Chaim%29%2BMoses%2522%26pg%3DPA382&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIgnaz+Moscheles" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kroll (2014), 1–3</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Conway (2011), pp. 127–30.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kroll (2014), pp. 6–20.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Conway (2011), p. 129.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kroll (2014), pp. 8–9; Conway (2011), p. 129.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Eitner_Moscheles_1885-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Eitner_Moscheles_1885_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Eitner_Moscheles_1885_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Cf. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRobert_Eitner1885" class="citation cs2 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Robert Eitner (1885), "<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/s:ADB:Moscheles,_Ignaz" class="extiw" title="de:s:ADB:Moscheles, Ignaz">Moscheles, Ignaz</a>", <i><a href="/wiki/Allgemeine_Deutsche_Biographie" title="Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie">Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie</a></i> (in German), vol. 22, Leipzig: Duncker & Humblot, pp. 345–351</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Moscheles%2C+Ignaz&rft.btitle=Allgemeine+Deutsche+Biographie&rft.place=Leipzig&rft.pages=345-351&rft.pub=Duncker+%26+Humblot&rft.date=1885&rft.au=Robert+Eitner&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIgnaz+Moscheles" class="Z3988"></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Cf. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGregor_Pelger2005" class="citation cs2 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Gregor Pelger (2005), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://daten.digitale-sammlungen.de/0001/bsb00016410/images/index.html?seite=65">"Rosen, Georg Friedrich Wilhelm"</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Neue_Deutsche_Biographie" title="Neue Deutsche Biographie">Neue Deutsche Biographie</a></i> (in German), vol. 22, Berlin: Duncker & Humblot, pp. 51–52</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Rosen%2C+Georg+Friedrich+Wilhelm&rft.btitle=Neue+Deutsche+Biographie&rft.place=Berlin&rft.pages=51-52&rft.pub=Duncker+%26+Humblot&rft.date=2005&rft.au=Gregor+Pelger&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdaten.digitale-sammlungen.de%2F0001%2Fbsb00016410%2Fimages%2Findex.html%3Fseite%3D65&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIgnaz+Moscheles" class="Z3988"></span>; (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/ppn116621257.html">full text online</a>).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBledsoe2012" class="citation book cs1">Bledsoe, Robert Terrell (9 February 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=NpKtHbYSso0C&q=%22granddaughter+of+Ignaz+Moscheles,+pianist+and+composer%22&pg=PA192"><i>Dickens, Journalism, Music: 'Household Words' and 'All the Year Round'<span></span></i></a>. A&C Black. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781441150875" title="Special:BookSources/9781441150875"><bdi>9781441150875</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dickens%2C+Journalism%2C+Music%3A+%27Household+Words%27+and+%27All+the+Year+Round%27&rft.pub=A%26C+Black&rft.date=2012-02-09&rft.isbn=9781441150875&rft.aulast=Bledsoe&rft.aufirst=Robert+Terrell&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DNpKtHbYSso0C%26q%3D%2522granddaughter%2Bof%2BIgnaz%2BMoscheles%2C%2Bpianist%2Band%2Bcomposer%2522%26pg%3DPA192&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIgnaz+Moscheles" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNayder2012" class="citation book cs1">Nayder, Lillian (15 February 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=RnqgfWsoIXwC&q=%22Her+name+is+Marie+Roche,+and+she+is+a+granddaughter+of+the+late+celebrated+%5B%E2%80%8BIgnaz%5D+Moscheles,+the+composer+and+pianist.%E2%80%9D57%22&pg=PA329"><i>The Other Dickens: A Life of Catherine Hogarth</i></a>. Cornell University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0801465062" title="Special:BookSources/978-0801465062"><bdi>978-0801465062</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Other+Dickens%3A+A+Life+of+Catherine+Hogarth&rft.pub=Cornell+University+Press&rft.date=2012-02-15&rft.isbn=978-0801465062&rft.aulast=Nayder&rft.aufirst=Lillian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DRnqgfWsoIXwC%26q%3D%2522Her%2Bname%2Bis%2BMarie%2BRoche%2C%2Band%2Bshe%2Bis%2Ba%2Bgranddaughter%2Bof%2Bthe%2Blate%2Bcelebrated%2B%255B%25E2%2580%258BIgnaz%255D%2BMoscheles%2C%2Bthe%2Bcomposer%2Band%2Bpianist.%25E2%2580%259D57%2522%26pg%3DPA329&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIgnaz+Moscheles" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Conway_2011,_106-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Conway_2011,_106_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Conway_2011,_106_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Conway (2011), p. 106.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://reader.exacteditions.com/issues/92388/page/25">"The Wire – April 2021 (Issue 446)"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Wire+%E2%80%93+April+2021+%28Issue+446%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Freader.exacteditions.com%2Fissues%2F92388%2Fpage%2F25&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIgnaz+Moscheles" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Moscheles, C. (tr. A. D. Coleridge), vol. 1, pp. 71–2.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">C. Moscheles (1874), I, p. 98.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Conway (2011), pp. 106–7.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNoorduin2021" class="citation journal cs1">Noorduin, Marten (17 May 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fem%2Fcaab005">"The metronome marks for Beethoven's Ninth Symphony in context"</a>. <i>Early Music</i>. <b>49</b> (caab005): 129–145. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fem%2Fcaab005">10.1093/em/caab005</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0306-1078">0306-1078</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Early+Music&rft.atitle=The+metronome+marks+for+Beethoven%27s+Ninth+Symphony+in+context&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=caab005&rft.pages=129-145&rft.date=2021-05-17&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fem%2Fcaab005&rft.issn=0306-1078&rft.aulast=Noorduin&rft.aufirst=Marten&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1093%252Fem%252Fcaab005&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIgnaz+Moscheles" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Conway (2011), p. 108.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCrumey" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Crumey" title="Andrew Crumey">Crumey, Andrew</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://crumey.co.uk/beethoven_9_hammerklavier_first_played.html">"Beethoven's Hammerklavier Sonata – Part Two"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 September</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Beethoven%27s+Hammerklavier+Sonata+%E2%80%93+Part+Two&rft.aulast=Crumey&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcrumey.co.uk%2Fbeethoven_9_hammerklavier_first_played.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIgnaz+Moscheles" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Conway (2011), pp. 106–9.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Anon. (1898), p. 647.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Conway (2011), p. 194.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kroll (2014), pp. 174–5.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kroll (2014), pp. 340–60.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">C. Moscheles (1873), 2 vols.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ignaz_Moscheles&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/author/39840">Works by Ignaz Moscheles</a> at <a href="/wiki/Project_Gutenberg" title="Project Gutenberg">Project Gutenberg</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/search.php?query=%28%28subject%3A%22Moscheles%2C%20Ignaz%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22Ignaz%20Moscheles%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Moscheles%2C%20Ignaz%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Ignaz%20Moscheles%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Moscheles%2C%20I%2E%22%20OR%20title%3A%22Ignaz%20Moscheles%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Moscheles%2C%20Ignaz%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Ignaz%20Moscheles%22%29%20OR%20%28%221794-1870%22%20AND%20Moscheles%29%29%20AND%20%28-mediatype:software%29">Works by or about Ignaz Moscheles</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a></li> <li><a href="https://imslp.org/wiki/Category:Moscheles,_Ignaz" class="extiw" title="scores:Category:Moscheles, Ignaz">Free scores by Ignaz Moscheles</a> at the <a href="/wiki/International_Music_Score_Library_Project" title="International Music Score Library Project">International Music Score Library Project</a> (IMSLP)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.classical-composers.org/comp/moschele">www.classical-composers.org/comp/moschele</a> Work List of Moscheles</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080514085759/http://www.periodpiano.com/Stock/images/large/Moscheles.htm">www.periodpiano.com/Stock/images/large/Moscheles.htm</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090710141450/http://www.karadar.com/dictionary/moscheles.html">www.karadar.com/Dictionary/moscheles.html</a> Karadar Classical Music Dictionary</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Moscheles, Ignaz"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Moscheles,_Ignaz">"Moscheles, Ignaz" </a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>. Vol. 18 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 890.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Moscheles%2C+Ignaz&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.pages=890&rft.edition=11th&rft.date=1911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIgnaz+Moscheles" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CBB_cljn738"><span class="plainlinks">Piano Concerto No.3 in G minor Op.58</span></a> on <a href="/wiki/YouTube_video_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="YouTube video (identifier)">YouTube</a>, Part 1 of 4: Allegro moderato. <a href="/wiki/Michael_Ponti" title="Michael Ponti">Michael Ponti</a> (piano) and the <a href="/wiki/Philharmonia_Hungarica" title="Philharmonia Hungarica">Philharmonia Hungarica</a> conducted by <a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Othmar_M%C3%A1ga" class="extiw" title="de:Othmar Mága">Othmar Mága</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style 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.navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Romantic_music" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style 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abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Romantic_music" title="Template:Romantic music"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Romantic_music" title="Template talk:Romantic music"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Romantic_music" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Romantic music"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Romantic_music" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Romantic_music" title="Romantic music">Romantic music</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/List_of_Romantic_composers" title="List of Romantic composers">List of Romantic composers</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">Composers and<br /> musicians</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adolphe_Adam" title="Adolphe Adam">Adam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles-Valentin_Alkan" title="Charles-Valentin Alkan">Alkan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anton_Arensky" title="Anton Arensky">Arensky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurt_Atterberg" title="Kurt Atterberg">Atterberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Auber" title="Daniel Auber">Auber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mily_Balakirev" title="Mily Balakirev">Balakirev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Bazzini" title="Antonio Bazzini">Bazzini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amy_Beach" title="Amy Beach">Beach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven">Beethoven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vincenzo_Bellini" title="Vincenzo Bellini">Bellini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Sterndale_Bennett" title="William Sterndale Bennett">Bennett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Auguste_de_B%C3%A9riot" title="Charles Auguste de Bériot">Bériot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hector_Berlioz" title="Hector Berlioz">Berlioz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louise_Bertin" title="Louise Bertin">Bertin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franz_Berwald" title="Franz Berwald">Berwald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georges_Bizet" title="Georges Bizet">Bizet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Borodin" title="Alexander Borodin">Borodin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergei_Bortkiewicz" title="Sergei Bortkiewicz">Bortkiewicz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johannes_Brahms" title="Johannes Brahms">Brahms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Bruch" title="Max Bruch">Bruch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anton_Bruckner" title="Anton Bruckner">Bruckner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferruccio_Busoni" title="Ferruccio Busoni">Busoni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Whitefield_Chadwick" title="George Whitefield Chadwick">Chadwick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C%C3%A9cile_Chaminade" title="Cécile Chaminade">Chaminade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Chausson" title="Ernest Chausson">Chausson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luigi_Cherubini" title="Luigi Cherubini">Cherubini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Chopin" title="Frédéric Chopin">Chopin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernhard_Crusell" title="Bernhard Crusell">Crusell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C%C3%A9sar_Cui" title="César Cui">Cui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Czerny" title="Carl Czerny">Czerny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A9licien_David" title="Félicien David">Félicien David</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_David_(musician)" title="Ferdinand David (musician)">Ferdinand David</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9o_Delibes" title="Léo Delibes">Delibes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Delius" title="Frederick Delius">Delius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luigi_Denza" title="Luigi Denza">Denza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vincent_d%27Indy" title="Vincent d'Indy">d'Indy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaetano_Donizetti" title="Gaetano Donizetti">Donizetti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" title="Antonín Dvořák">Dvořák</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Elgar" title="Edward Elgar">Elgar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louise_Farrenc" title="Louise Farrenc">Farrenc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Faur%C3%A9" title="Gabriel Fauré">Fauré</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Field_(composer)" title="John Field (composer)">Field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Foote" title="Arthur Foote">Foote</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Foster" title="Stephen Foster">Foster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C%C3%A9sar_Franck" title="César Franck">Franck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Franz" title="Robert Franz">Franz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauro_Giuliani" title="Mauro Giuliani">Giuliani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Glazunov" title="Alexander Glazunov">Glazunov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Glinka" title="Mikhail Glinka">Glinka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B4nio_Carlos_Gomes" title="Antônio Carlos Gomes">Gomes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Melchor_Gomis" title="José Melchor Gomis">J. Gomis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Gounod" title="Charles Gounod">Gounod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Gretchaninov" title="Alexander Gretchaninov">Gretchaninov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edvard_Grieg" title="Edvard Grieg">Grieg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fromental_Hal%C3%A9vy" title="Fromental Halévy">Halévy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor_Herbert" title="Victor Herbert">Herbert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_H%C3%A9rold" title="Ferdinand Hérold">Hérold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustav_Holst" title="Gustav Holst">Holst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Nepomuk_Hummel" title="Johann Nepomuk Hummel">Hummel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Joachim" title="Joseph Joachim">Joachim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scott_Joplin" title="Scott Joplin">Joplin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jan_Kalivoda" title="Jan Kalivoda">Kalivoda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Kalkbrenner" title="Friedrich Kalkbrenner">Kalkbrenner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fritz_Kreisler" title="Fritz Kreisler">Kreisler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Kuhlau" title="Friedrich Kuhlau">Kuhlau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toivo_Kuula" title="Toivo Kuula">Kuula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franz_Lachner" title="Franz Lachner">Lachner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89douard_Lalo" title="Édouard Lalo">Lalo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruggero_Leoncavallo" title="Ruggero Leoncavallo">Leoncavallo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franz_Liszt" title="Franz Liszt">Liszt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Loewe" title="Carl Loewe">Loewe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Christian_Lumbye" title="Hans Christian Lumbye">Lumbye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mykola_Lysenko" title="Mykola Lysenko">Lysenko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_MacDowell" title="Edward MacDowell">MacDowell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leevi_Madetoja" title="Leevi Madetoja">Madetoja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustav_Mahler" title="Gustav Mahler">Mahler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Marschner" title="Heinrich Marschner">Marschner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santiago_Masarnau_Fern%C3%A1ndez" title="Santiago Masarnau Fernández">Masarnau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jules_Massenet" title="Jules Massenet">Massenet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolai_Medtner" title="Nikolai Medtner">Medtner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89tienne_M%C3%A9hul" title="Étienne Méhul">Méhul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fanny_Mendelssohn" title="Fanny Mendelssohn">Fanny Mendelssohn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Felix_Mendelssohn" title="Felix Mendelssohn">Felix Mendelssohn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saverio_Mercadante" title="Saverio Mercadante">Mercadante</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Am%C3%A9d%C3%A9e_M%C3%A9reaux" title="Amédée Méreaux">Méreaux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giacomo_Meyerbeer" title="Giacomo Meyerbeer">Meyerbeer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanis%C5%82aw_Moniuszko" title="Stanisław Moniuszko">Moniuszko</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Moscheles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moritz_Moszkowski" title="Moritz Moszkowski">Moszkowski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modest_Mussorgsky" title="Modest Mussorgsky">Mussorgsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Niedermeyer" title="Louis Niedermeyer">Niedermeyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Nielsen" title="Carl Nielsen">Nielsen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacques_Offenbach" title="Jacques Offenbach">Offenbach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Onslow_(composer)" title="George Onslow (composer)">Onslow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Pacini" title="Giovanni Pacini">Pacini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignacy_Jan_Paderewski" title="Ignacy Jan Paderewski">Paderewski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_Paganini" title="Niccolò Paganini">Paganini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Knowles_Paine" title="John Knowles Paine">Paine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Popper" title="David Popper">Popper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89mile_Prudent" title="Émile Prudent">Prudent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giacomo_Puccini" title="Giacomo Puccini">Puccini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergei_Rachmaninoff" title="Sergei Rachmaninoff">Rachmaninoff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joachim_Raff" title="Joachim Raff">Raff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anton_Reicha" title="Anton Reicha">Reicha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Reinecke" title="Carl Reinecke">Reinecke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottorino_Respighi" title="Ottorino Respighi">Respighi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_Ries" title="Ferdinand Ries">Ries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolai_Rimsky-Korsakov" title="Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov">Rimsky-Korsakov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Rode" title="Pierre Rode">Rode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gioachino_Rossini" title="Gioachino Rossini">Rossini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anton_Rubinstein" title="Anton Rubinstein">Rubinstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camille_Saint-Sa%C3%ABns" title="Camille Saint-Saëns">Saint-Saëns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pablo_de_Sarasate" title="Pablo de Sarasate">Sarasate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franz_Schubert" title="Franz Schubert">Schubert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clara_Schumann" title="Clara Schumann">C. Schumann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Schumann" title="Robert Schumann">R. Schumann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Scriabin" title="Alexander Scriabin">Scriabin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Sibelius" title="Jean Sibelius">Sibelius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bed%C5%99ich_Smetana" title="Bedřich Smetana">Smetana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fernando_Sor" title="Fernando Sor">Sor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Philip_Sousa" title="John Philip Sousa">Sousa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Spohr" title="Louis Spohr">Spohr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaspare_Spontini" title="Gaspare Spontini">Spontini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Strauss_I" title="Johann Strauss I">J. Strauss I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Strauss_II" title="Johann Strauss II">J. Strauss II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Strauss" title="Richard Strauss">R. Strauss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergei_Taneyev" title="Sergei Taneyev">Taneyev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francisco_T%C3%A1rrega" title="Francisco Tárrega">Tárrega</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyotr_Ilyich_Tchaikovsky" title="Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky">Tchaikovsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigismond_Thalberg" title="Sigismond Thalberg">Thalberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudolf_Tobias" title="Rudolf Tobias">Tobias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Verdi" title="Giuseppe Verdi">Verdi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henri_Vieuxtemps" title="Henri Vieuxtemps">Vieuxtemps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jan_V%C3%A1clav_Vo%C5%99%C3%AD%C5%A1ek" title="Jan Václav Voříšek">Voříšek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Wagner" title="Richard Wagner">Wagner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Maria_von_Weber" title="Carl Maria von Weber">Weber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henryk_Wieniawski" title="Henryk Wieniawski">Wieniawski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Vaughan_Williams" title="Ralph Vaughan Williams">Vaughan Williams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugo_Wolf" title="Hugo Wolf">Wolf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eug%C3%A8ne_Ysa%C3%BFe" title="Eugène Ysaÿe">Ysaÿe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">Instrumentation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Romantic_guitar" title="Romantic guitar">Romantic guitar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orchestra#Early_Romantic_orchestra" title="Orchestra">Romantic orchestra</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">Genres</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ballade_(classical_music)" title="Ballade (classical music)">Ballade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Character_piece" title="Character piece">Character piece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chorale_prelude" title="Chorale prelude">Chorale prelude</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intermezzo" title="Intermezzo">Intermezzo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lied" title="Lied">Lied</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mazurka" title="Mazurka">Mazurka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orchestral_song" title="Orchestral song">Orchestral song</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romantic_ballet" title="Romantic ballet">Romantic ballet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romantische_Oper" title="Romantische Oper">Romantic opera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symphonic_poem" title="Symphonic poem">Symphonic poem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symphony" title="Symphony">Symphony</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">Other topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indianist_movement" title="Indianist movement">Indianist movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musical_nationalism" title="Musical nationalism">Musical nationalism</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Neue_Zeitschrift_f%C3%BCr_Musik" title="Neue Zeitschrift für Musik">Neue Zeitschrift für Musik</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_German_School" title="New German School">New German School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-romanticism" title="Post-romanticism">Post-romanticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyotr_Ilyich_Tchaikovsky_and_the_Belyayev_circle" title="Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky and the Belyayev circle">Tchaikovsky and the Belyayev circle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyotr_Ilyich_Tchaikovsky_and_The_Five" title="Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky and The Five">Tchaikovsky and The Five</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/War_of_the_Romantics" title="War of the Romantics">War of the Romantics</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">Background</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Common_practice_period" title="Common practice period">Common practice period</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanticism" title="Romanticism">Romanticism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Romantic_chess" title="Romantic chess">Chess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_Revival_architecture" title="Gothic Revival architecture">Gothic Revival architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romantic_poetry" title="Romantic poetry">Poetry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanticism_in_science" title="Romanticism in science">Science</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musical_nationalism" title="Musical nationalism">Musical nationalism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Romantic_nationalism" title="Romantic nationalism">Romantic nationalism</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><div style="float: left;"> ← <b><a href="/wiki/Template:Classical_period_(music)" title="Template:Classical period (music)">Classical music</a></b></div><div style="float: right;"><b><a href="/wiki/Template:Modernism_(music)" title="Template:Modernism (music)">Modernist music</a></b> → </div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Romantic_music" title="Category:Romantic music">Category</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Symbol_portal_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portal"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Classical_music" title="Portal:Classical music">Portal</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159551#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159551#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159551#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000109045254">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/56797125">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/2218/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJpJ9x4fMRcXWjFMYtY3wC">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/118785028">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n50007944">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb13897743q">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb13897743q">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an36179238">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=jn20000604083&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX993839">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.bnportugal.gov.pt/aut/catbnp/251886">Portugal</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p074233750">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/12027837">Norway</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000214957&P_CON_LNG=ENG">Latvia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://katalog.nsk.hr/F/?func=direct&doc_number=000426291&local_base=nsk10">Croatia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.nlg.gr/cgi-bin/koha/opac-authoritiesdetail.pl?authid=70384">Greece</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/zw9ccvph5t3tzsk">Sweden</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810662328405606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=8034&url_prefix=https://opac.vatlib.it/auth/detail/&id=495/232102">Vatican</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007265510405171">Israel</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:au:finaf:000208148">Finland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058596214606706">Catalonia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.kbr.be/LIBRARY/doc/AUTHORITY/14023320">Belgium</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA07218036?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/artist/b7350f31-487d-4021-9613-d881a5689bcf">MusicBrainz</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bmlo.de/m1204">BMLO</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/1224932">Trove</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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