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</a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Early_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Early history</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Late_Middle_Ages" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Late_Middle_Ages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Late Middle Ages</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Late_Middle_Ages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Habsburg_era" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Habsburg_era"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Habsburg era</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Habsburg_era-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-20th_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#20th_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>20th century</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-20th_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-First_Czechoslovak_Republic" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#First_Czechoslovak_Republic"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4.1</span> <span>First Czechoslovak Republic</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-First_Czechoslovak_Republic-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Second_World_War" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Second_World_War"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4.2</span> <span>Second World War</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Second_World_War-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cold_War" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cold_War"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4.3</span> <span>Cold War</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cold_War-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-After_the_Velvet_Revolution" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#After_the_Velvet_Revolution"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>After the Velvet Revolution</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-After_the_Velvet_Revolution-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Geography</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Geography subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Climate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Climate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Administration_and_politics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Administration_and_politics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Administration and politics</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Administration_and_politics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Administration and politics subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Administration_and_politics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Administrative_division" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Administrative_division"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Administrative division</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Administrative_division-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-City_government" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#City_government"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>City government</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-City_government-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Demographics</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Demographics subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-2011_census" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2011_census"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>2011 census</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2011_census-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Historical_population" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Historical_population"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Historical population</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Historical_population-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Foreign_residents" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Foreign_residents"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Foreign residents</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Foreign_residents-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Culture</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Culture-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Culture subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-In_popular_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_popular_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>In popular culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_popular_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cuisine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cuisine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Cuisine</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cuisine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Social_media" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Social_media"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2.1</span> <span>Social media</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Social_media-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Economy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tourism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tourism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Tourism</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Tourism-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Tourism subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Tourism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Main_attractions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Main_attractions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Main attractions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Main_attractions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Hradčany_and_Lesser_Town_(Malá_Strana)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hradčany_and_Lesser_Town_(Malá_Strana)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1.1</span> <span>Hradčany and Lesser Town (Malá Strana)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hradčany_and_Lesser_Town_(Malá_Strana)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Old_Town_(Staré_Město)_and_Josefov" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Old_Town_(Staré_Město)_and_Josefov"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1.2</span> <span>Old Town (Staré Město) and Josefov</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Old_Town_(Staré_Město)_and_Josefov-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-New_Town_(Nové_Město)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#New_Town_(Nové_Město)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1.3</span> <span>New Town (Nové Město)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-New_Town_(Nové_Město)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vinohrady_and_Žižkov" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vinohrady_and_Žižkov"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1.4</span> <span>Vinohrady and Žižkov</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vinohrady_and_Žižkov-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_places" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_places"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1.5</span> <span>Other places</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_places-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tourism_statistics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tourism_statistics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>Tourism statistics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tourism_statistics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Education</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Education-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Education subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Public_universities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Public_universities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1</span> <span>Public universities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Public_universities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Public_arts_academies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Public_arts_academies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.2</span> <span>Public arts academies</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Public_arts_academies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Private_universities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Private_universities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.3</span> <span>Private universities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Private_universities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Largest_private_colleges" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Largest_private_colleges"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.4</span> <span>Largest private colleges</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Largest_private_colleges-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-International_institutions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#International_institutions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.5</span> <span>International institutions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-International_institutions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Science,_research_and_hi-tech_centres" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Science,_research_and_hi-tech_centres"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Science, research and hi-tech centres</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Science,_research_and_hi-tech_centres-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Transport</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Transport-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Transport subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Transport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Public_transportation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Public_transportation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.1</span> <span>Public transportation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Public_transportation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Prague_Metro" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prague_Metro"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.1.1</span> <span>Prague Metro</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prague_Metro-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Roads" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Roads"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.2</span> <span>Roads</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Roads-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rail" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rail"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.3</span> <span>Rail</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rail-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Air" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Air"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.4</span> <span>Air</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Air-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cycling" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cycling"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.5</span> <span>Cycling</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cycling-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Sport</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Sport-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Sport subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Sport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Teams" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Teams"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12.1</span> <span>Teams</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Teams-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Stadia_and_arenas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Stadia_and_arenas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12.2</span> <span>Stadia and arenas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Stadia_and_arenas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Events" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Events"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12.3</span> <span>Events</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Events-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-International_relations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#International_relations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>International relations</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-International_relations-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle International relations subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-International_relations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Twin_towns_–_sister_cities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Twin_towns_–_sister_cities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13.1</span> <span>Twin towns – sister cities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Twin_towns_–_sister_cities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Namesakes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Namesakes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13.2</span> <span>Namesakes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Namesakes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">16</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">17</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Further reading subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Culture_and_society" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culture_and_society"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">17.1</span> <span>Culture and society</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Culture_and_society-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">18</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span 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Available in 214 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-214" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">214 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ady mw-list-item"><a href="https://ady.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0" title="Прага – Adyghe" lang="ady" hreflang="ady" data-title="Прага" data-language-autonym="Адыгабзэ" data-language-local-name="Adyghe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгабзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praag" title="Praag – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Praag" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prag" title="Prag – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Prag" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8D%95%E1%88%AB%E1%8C%8D" title="ፕራግ – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ፕራግ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prag" title="Prag – Old English" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Prag" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Old English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%BA" title="براغ – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="براغ" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praga" title="Praga – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Praga" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%A6%DC%AA%DC%90%DC%93" title="ܦܪܐܓ – Aramaic" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܦܪܐܓ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="Aramaic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%93%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%AF" title="Փրակ – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Փրակ" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%97" title="প্ৰাগ – Assamese" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="প্ৰাগ" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praga" title="Praga – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Praga" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praga" title="Praga – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Praga" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0" title="Прага – Avaric" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Прага" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="Avaric" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praqa" title="Praqa – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Praqa" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%82" title="پراق – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="پراق" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praha" title="Praha – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Praha" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%97" title="প্রাগ – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="প্রাগ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praha" title="Praha – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Praha" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0" title="Прага – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Прага" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0" title="Прага – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Прага" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0" title="Прага – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Прага" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prague" title="Prague – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Prague" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bi mw-list-item"><a href="https://bi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prague" title="Prague – Bislama" lang="bi" hreflang="bi" data-title="Prague" data-language-autonym="Bislama" data-language-local-name="Bislama" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bislama</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0" title="Прага – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Прага" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prag" title="Prag – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Prag" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%94%E0%BD%B4%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A3%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%81%E0%BD%BA%E0%BC%8D" title="པུ་ལ་ཁེ། – Tibetan" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="པུ་ལ་ཁེ།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibetan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prag" title="Prag – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Prag" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praha" title="Praha – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Praha" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praga" title="Praga – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Praga" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0" title="Прага – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Прага" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praga" title="Praga – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Praga" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praha" title="Praha – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Praha" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ch mw-list-item"><a href="https://ch.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praga" title="Praga – Chamorro" lang="ch" hreflang="ch" data-title="Praga" data-language-autonym="Chamoru" data-language-local-name="Chamorro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chamoru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prague" title="Prague – Shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Prague" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praga" title="Praga – Corsican" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Praga" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Corsican" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prag" title="Prag – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Prag" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prag" title="Prag – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Prag" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%B1%D8%A7%DD%A3" title="پراݣ – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="پراݣ" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praha" title="Praha – Northern Sami" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Praha" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Northern Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pdc mw-list-item"><a href="https://pdc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prag" title="Prag – Pennsylvania German" lang="pdc" hreflang="pdc" data-title="Prag" data-language-autonym="Deitsch" data-language-local-name="Pennsylvania German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deitsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prag" title="Prag – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Prag" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%B3%CA%BCnaa_Habitiin" title="Tóʼnaa Habitiin – Navajo" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Tóʼnaa Habitiin" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="Navajo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Diné bizaad</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praga" title="Praga – Lower Sorbian" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Praga" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="Lower Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praha" title="Praha – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Praha" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CF%81%CE%AC%CE%B3%CE%B1" title="Πράγα – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Πράγα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C3%AAga" title="Prêga – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Prêga" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0_%D0%BE%D1%88" title="Прага ош – Erzya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Прага ош" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="Erzya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praga" title="Praga – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Praga" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prago" title="Prago – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Prago" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praga" title="Praga – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Praga" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praga" title="Praga – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Praga" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ee mw-list-item"><a href="https://ee.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prague" title="Prague – Ewe" lang="ee" hreflang="ee" data-title="Prague" data-language-autonym="Eʋegbe" data-language-local-name="Ewe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eʋegbe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%B1%D8%A7%DA%AF" title="پراگ – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پراگ" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prague" title="Prague – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Prague" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prag" title="Prag – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Prag" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prague" title="Prague – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Prague" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praach" title="Praach – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Praach" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ff mw-list-item"><a href="https://ff.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prague" title="Prague – Fula" lang="ff" hreflang="ff" data-title="Prague" data-language-autonym="Fulfulde" data-language-local-name="Fula" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fulfulde</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C3%A1g" title="Prág – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Prág" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praag" title="Praag – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Praag" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag mw-list-item"><a href="https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praga" title="Praga – Gagauz" lang="gag" hreflang="gag" data-title="Praga" data-language-autonym="Gagauz" data-language-local-name="Gagauz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagauz</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C3%A0g" title="Pràg – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Pràg" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praga" title="Praga – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Praga" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-glk mw-list-item"><a href="https://glk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%B1%D8%A7%DA%AF" title="پراگ – Gilaki" lang="glk" hreflang="glk" data-title="پراگ" data-language-autonym="گیلکی" data-language-local-name="Gilaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>گیلکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-got mw-list-item"><a href="https://got.wikipedia.org/wiki/%F0%90%8D%80%F0%90%8D%82%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%B7%F0%90%8C%B0" title="𐍀𐍂𐌰𐌷𐌰 – Gothic" lang="got" hreflang="got" data-title="𐍀𐍂𐌰𐌷𐌰" data-language-autonym="𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺" data-language-local-name="Gothic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praha" title="Praha – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Praha" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%94%84%EB%9D%BC%ED%95%98" title="프라하 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="프라하" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prag" title="Prag – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Prag" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8A%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%B0%D5%A1" title="Պրահա – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Պրահա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%97" title="प्राग – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="प्राग" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praha" title="Praha – Upper Sorbian" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Praha" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Upper Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prag" title="Prag – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Prag" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praha" title="Praha – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Praha" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prague" title="Prague – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Prague" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praha" title="Praha – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Praha" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praga" title="Praga – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Praga" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praha" title="Praha – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Praha" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%C3%A6" title="Прагæ – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Прагæ" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPraha" title="IPraha – Zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="IPraha" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="Zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prag" title="Prag – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Prag" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praga" title="Praga – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Praga" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%92" title="פראג – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פראג" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praha" title="Praha – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Praha" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praag%C9%A9" title="Praagɩ – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Praagɩ" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%97%E0%B3%8D" title="ಪ್ರಾಗ್ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಪ್ರಾಗ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C3%A1ga" title="Prága – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Prága" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0" title="Прага – Karachay-Balkar" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Прага" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="Karachay-Balkar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9E%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%A6%E1%83%90" title="პრაღა – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="პრაღა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praga" title="Praga – Kashubian" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Praga" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="Kashubian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0" title="Прага – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Прага" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praha" title="Praha – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Praha" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praha" title="Praha – Kinyarwanda" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Praha" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="Kinyarwanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikinyarwanda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praha" title="Praha – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Praha" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0" title="Прага – Komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Прага" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="Komi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prague" title="Prague – Kongo" lang="kg" hreflang="kg" data-title="Prague" data-language-autonym="Kongo" data-language-local-name="Kongo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praha" title="Praha – Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Praha" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prag" title="Prag – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Prag" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prague" title="Prague – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Prague" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prag" title="Prag – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Prag" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0" title="Прага – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Прага" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praga" title="Praga – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Praga" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praga" title="Praga – Ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Praga" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="Ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%9B%E0%BA%A3%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%81" title="ປຣາກ – Lao" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ປຣາກ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="Lao" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ltg mw-list-item"><a href="https://ltg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praga" title="Praga – Latgalian" lang="ltg" hreflang="ltg" data-title="Praga" data-language-autonym="Latgaļu" data-language-local-name="Latgalian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latgaļu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praga" title="Praga – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Praga" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C4%81ga" title="Prāga – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Prāga" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prag" title="Prag – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Prag" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%8C%D0%B0" title="Прагьа – Lezghian" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Прагьа" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="Lezghian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praha" title="Praha – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Praha" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praga" title="Praga – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Praga" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praag" title="Praag – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Praag" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prag" title="Prag – Lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Prag" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="Lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praha" title="Praha – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Praha" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praga" title="Praga – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Praga" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/pragas" title="pragas – Lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="pragas" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="Lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praga" title="Praga – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Praga" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C3%A1ga" title="Prága – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Prága" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0" title="Прага – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Прага" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prague" title="Prague – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Prague" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8D" title="പ്രാഗ് – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="പ്രാഗ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praga" title="Praga – Maltese" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Praga" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Maltese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prague" title="Prague – Māori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Prague" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="Māori" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%97" title="प्राग – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="प्राग" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9E%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%A6%E1%83%90" title="პრაღა – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="პრაღა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AC" title="براج – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="براج" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%B1%D8%A7%DA%AF" title="پراگ – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="پراگ" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praha" title="Praha – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Praha" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praha" title="Praha – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Praha" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prague" title="Prague – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Prague" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0" title="Прага – Moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Прага" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3" title="Праг – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Праг" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%95%E1%80%9B%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA%E1%80%82%E1%80%BA%E1%80%99%E1%80%BC%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%B7" title="ပရက်ဂ်မြို့ – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ပရက်ဂ်မြို့" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praag" title="Praag – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Praag" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praag" title="Praag – Low Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Praag" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Low Saxon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%97" title="प्राग – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="प्राग" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%97" title="प्राग – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="प्राग" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%97%E3%83%A9%E3%83%8F" title="プラハ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="プラハ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praga" title="Praga – Neapolitan" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Praga" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="Neapolitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0" title="Прага – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Прага" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prag" title="Prag – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Prag" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praha" title="Praha – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Praha" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praha" title="Praha – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Praha" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prague" title="Prague – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Prague" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praha" title="Praha – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Praha" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praga" title="Praga – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Praga" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0" title="Прага – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Прага" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praga" title="Praga – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Praga" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AA%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%97" title="ਪਰਾਗ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਪਰਾਗ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%B1%D8%A7%DA%AF" title="پراگ – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="پراگ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praga" title="Praga – Papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Praga" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%B1%D8%A7%DA%AB" title="پراګ – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="پراګ" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%91%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%80%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%BB%E1%9E%84%E1%9E%94%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%80" title="ទីក្រុងប្រាក – Khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ទីក្រុងប្រាក" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prague" title="Prague – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Prague" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praga" title="Praga – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Praga" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prag" title="Prag – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Prag" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praga" title="Praga – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Praga" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praga" title="Praga – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Praga" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praga" title="Praga – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Praga" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praga" title="Praga – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Praga" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praga" title="Praga – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Praga" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rmy mw-list-item"><a href="https://rmy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praga" title="Praga – Vlax Romani" lang="rmy" hreflang="rmy" data-title="Praga" data-language-autonym="Romani čhib" data-language-local-name="Vlax Romani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Romani čhib</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prag" title="Prag – Romansh" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Prag" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="Romansh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praha" title="Praha – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Praha" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0" title="Прага – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Прага" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0" title="Прага – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Прага" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0" title="Прага – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Прага" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/pulake" title="pulake – Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="pulake" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sakizaya</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praga" title="Praga – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Praga" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prague" title="Prague – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Prague" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praag" title="Praag – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Praag" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praga" title="Praga – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Praga" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praga" title="Praga – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Praga" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prague" title="Prague – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Prague" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%B1%D8%A7%DA%AF" title="پراگ – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="پراگ" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praha" title="Praha – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Praha" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praga" title="Praga – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Praga" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cu mw-list-item"><a href="https://cu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0" title="Прага – Church Slavic" lang="cu" hreflang="cu" data-title="Прага" data-language-autonym="Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ" data-language-local-name="Church Slavic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praga" title="Praga – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Praga" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%B1%D8%A7%DA%AF" title="پراگ – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="پراگ" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3" title="Праг – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Праг" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prag" title="Prag – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Prag" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praha" title="Praha – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Praha" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prag" title="Prag – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Prag" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praga" title="Praga – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Praga" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE" title="பிராகா – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="பிராகா" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prag" title="Prag – Kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Prag" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-tara mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-tara.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praghe" title="Praghe – Tarantino" lang="nap-x-tara" hreflang="nap-x-tara" data-title="Praghe" data-language-autonym="Tarandíne" data-language-local-name="Tarantino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tarandíne</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0" title="Прага – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Прага" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%8D" title="ప్రాగ్ – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="ప్రాగ్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81" title="ปราก – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ปราก" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0" title="Прага – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Прага" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prag" title="Prag – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Prag" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0" title="Прага – Udmurt" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Прага" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="Udmurt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0" title="Прага – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Прага" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%B1%D8%A7%DA%AF" title="پراگ – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="پراگ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%B1%D8%A7%DA%AF%D8%A7" title="پراگا – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="پراگا" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praga" title="Praga – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Praga" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prag" title="Prag – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Prag" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praha" title="Praha – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Praha" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praha" title="Praha – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Praha" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praha" title="Praha – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Praha" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B8%83%E6%8B%89%E6%A0%BC" title="布拉格 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="布拉格" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praag" title="Praag – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Praag" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praga" title="Praga – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Praga" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prag" title="Prag – Wolof" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Prag" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="Wolof" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B8%83%E6%8B%89%E6%A0%BC" title="布拉格 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="布拉格" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%92" title="פראג – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="פראג" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prague" title="Prague – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Prague" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B8%83%E6%8B%89%E6%A0%BC" title="布拉格 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="布拉格" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prag" title="Prag – Dimli" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Prag" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Dimli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praha" title="Praha – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Praha" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B8%83%E6%8B%89%E6%A0%BC" title="布拉格 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="布拉格" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prah" title="Prah – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Prah" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praha" title="Praha – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Praha" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" 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class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Prague&params=50_5_15_N_14_25_17_E_region:CZ-10_type:city(1,300,000)"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">50°5′15″N</span> <span class="longitude">14°25′17″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">50.08750°N 14.42139°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">50.08750; 14.42139</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Capital and largest city of the Czech Republic</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Praha" redirects here. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Praha_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Praha (disambiguation)">Praha (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the capital of the Czech Republic. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Prague_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Prague (disambiguation)">Prague (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Capital city in Czech Republic</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Prague</div> <div class="nickname ib-settlement-native"><span title="Czech-language text"><i lang="cs">Praha</i></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/Czech_language" title="Czech language">Czech</a>)</span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category"><a href="/wiki/Capital_city" title="Capital city">Capital city</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1273380762/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner span:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent) img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner span:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent) img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tnone center"><div class="multiimageinner" style="width:272px;max-width:272px;border:none"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:270px;max-width:270px"><div style="border:1;;height:159px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Prague_(6365119737).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Prague_%286365119737%29.jpg/330px-Prague_%286365119737%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="268" height="159" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Prague_%286365119737%29.jpg/500px-Prague_%286365119737%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Prague_%286365119737%29.jpg/960px-Prague_%286365119737%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3840" data-file-height="2284" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center">Panorama with <a href="/wiki/Prague_Castle" title="Prague Castle">Prague Castle</a></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:124px;max-width:124px"><div style="border:1;;height:82px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:N%C3%A1rodn%C3%AD_divadlo_z_ostrova_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/N%C3%A1rodn%C3%AD_divadlo_z_ostrova_1.jpg/122px-N%C3%A1rodn%C3%AD_divadlo_z_ostrova_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="122" height="82" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/N%C3%A1rodn%C3%AD_divadlo_z_ostrova_1.jpg/183px-N%C3%A1rodn%C3%AD_divadlo_z_ostrova_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/N%C3%A1rodn%C3%AD_divadlo_z_ostrova_1.jpg/244px-N%C3%A1rodn%C3%AD_divadlo_z_ostrova_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2501" data-file-height="1681" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/National_Theatre_(Prague)" title="National Theatre (Prague)">National Theatre</a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:144px;max-width:144px"><div style="border:1;;height:82px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mrakodrapy_v_Praze_2018.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Mrakodrapy_v_Praze_2018.jpg/142px-Mrakodrapy_v_Praze_2018.jpg" decoding="async" width="142" height="83" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Mrakodrapy_v_Praze_2018.jpg/213px-Mrakodrapy_v_Praze_2018.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Mrakodrapy_v_Praze_2018.jpg/284px-Mrakodrapy_v_Praze_2018.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2327" data-file-height="1353" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Pankr%C3%A1c" title="Pankrác">Pankrác</a> district</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:143px;max-width:143px"><div style="border:1;;height:87px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Prague_07-2016_View_from_Old_Town_Hall_Tower_img3.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Prague_07-2016_View_from_Old_Town_Hall_Tower_img3.jpg/250px-Prague_07-2016_View_from_Old_Town_Hall_Tower_img3.jpg" decoding="async" width="141" height="88" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Prague_07-2016_View_from_Old_Town_Hall_Tower_img3.jpg/330px-Prague_07-2016_View_from_Old_Town_Hall_Tower_img3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4433" data-file-height="2771" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Old_Town_Square" title="Old Town Square">Old Town Square</a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:125px;max-width:125px"><div style="border:1;;height:87px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PragueCzechRepublicMalaStranaMostecka.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/PragueCzechRepublicMalaStranaMostecka.jpg/123px-PragueCzechRepublicMalaStranaMostecka.jpg" decoding="async" width="123" height="88" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/PragueCzechRepublicMalaStranaMostecka.jpg/185px-PragueCzechRepublicMalaStranaMostecka.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/PragueCzechRepublicMalaStranaMostecka.jpg/246px-PragueCzechRepublicMalaStranaMostecka.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3147" data-file-height="2247" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Mal%C3%A1_Strana" title="Malá Strana">Malá Strana</a></div></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1028600610">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols{text-align:center;display:table;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-row{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cell{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cellt{display:table-cell;vertical-align:top}</style> <div class="ib-settlement-cols"> <div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Prague.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Prague"><img alt="Flag of Prague" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Flag_of_Prague.svg/100px-Flag_of_Prague.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Flag_of_Prague.svg/150px-Flag_of_Prague.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Flag_of_Prague.svg/200px-Flag_of_Prague.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Prague" title="Flag of Prague">Flag</a></div></div></div></div><div class="ib-settlement-cols"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"></div><div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_Prague.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of Prague"><img alt="Coat of arms of Prague" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Coat_of_arms_of_Prague.svg/100px-Coat_of_arms_of_Prague.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="98" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Coat_of_arms_of_Prague.svg/150px-Coat_of_arms_of_Prague.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Coat_of_arms_of_Prague.svg/200px-Coat_of_arms_of_Prague.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1011" data-file-height="986" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link"><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Prague" title="Coat of arms of Prague">Coat of arms</a></div></div><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Logo_Praha.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Official logo of Prague"><img alt="Official logo of Prague" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Logo_Praha.svg/120px-Logo_Praha.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Logo_Praha.svg/250px-Logo_Praha.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="257" data-file-height="257" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link"><a href="/wiki/Wordmark" title="Wordmark">Wordmark</a></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Nickname: <div class="ib-settlement-nickname nickname"><i>City of a Hundred Spires</i></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Mottoes: <div class="ib-settlement-nickname nickname"><span title="Latin-language text"><span lang="la" style="font-style: normal;">"Praga Caput Rei publicae"</span></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/Latin_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin language">Latin</a>)</span><sup id="cite_ref-Vojtisek_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Vojtisek-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><span style="font-size: 85%;">"Prague, Head of the Republic"</span> <div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold; background:transparent;text-align:center;line-height:1.15em;"><div style="margin: 0 4em"><i><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold">other historical mottos  </span></i></div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0; text-align:center;white-space:nowrap;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <span title="Latin-language text"><span lang="la" style="font-style: normal;">"Praga mater urbium"</span></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/Latin_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin language">Latin</a>)</span><br /><span title="Czech-language text"><span lang="cs" style="font-style: normal;">"Praha matka měst"</span></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/Czech_language" title="Czech language">Czech</a>)</span><sup id="cite_ref-Vojtisek_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Vojtisek-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><span style="font-size: 85%;">"Prague, Mother of Cities"</span> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <span title="Latin-language text"><span lang="la" style="font-style: normal;">"Praga Caput Regni"</span></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/Latin_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin language">Latin</a>)</span><sup id="cite_ref-Duchacek_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Duchacek-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><span style="font-size: 85%;">"Prague, Head of the Kingdom"</span> </li></ul> </div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container center" style="width: 250px; height: 200px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="250" data-height="200" data-overlays="["_b2bddf1da15b2588359f62166c7ec73905602351"]"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,a,a,a,250x200.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Prague&revid=1282696641&groups=_b2bddf1da15b2588359f62166c7ec73905602351" width="250" height="200" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,a,a,a,250x200@2x.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Prague&revid=1282696641&groups=_b2bddf1da15b2588359f62166c7ec73905602351 2x" alt="Map" /></a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="switcher-container"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Relief_Map_of_Czech_Republic.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Prague is located in Czech Republic"><img alt="Prague is located in Czech Republic" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Relief_Map_of_Czech_Republic.png/250px-Relief_Map_of_Czech_Republic.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="152" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Relief_Map_of_Czech_Republic.png/375px-Relief_Map_of_Czech_Republic.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Relief_Map_of_Czech_Republic.png/500px-Relief_Map_of_Czech_Republic.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="608" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:40.417%;left:35.424%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Prague"><img alt="Prague" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Prague</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Location within the Czech Republic</div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Czech Republic</span></div></div></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238443738" /><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Europe_relief_laea_location_map.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Prague is located in Europe"><img alt="Prague is located in Europe" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Europe_relief_laea_location_map.jpg/250px-Europe_relief_laea_location_map.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="214" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Europe_relief_laea_location_map.jpg/500px-Europe_relief_laea_location_map.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="1580" data-file-height="1351" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:60.007%;left:42.899%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Prague"><img alt="Prague" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Prague</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Location within Europe</div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Europe</span></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Prague&params=50_5_15_N_14_25_17_E_region:CZ-10_type:city(1,300,000)"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">50°5′15″N</span> <span class="longitude">14°25′17″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">50.08750°N 14.42139°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">50.08750; 14.42139</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/60px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">8th century</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Government<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Mayor_of_Prague" class="mw-redirect" title="Mayor of Prague">Mayor</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Bohuslav_Svoboda" title="Bohuslav Svoboda">Bohuslav Svoboda</a> (<a href="/wiki/Civic_Democratic_Party_(Czech_Republic)" title="Civic Democratic Party (Czech Republic)">ODS</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • <a href="/wiki/Capital_city" title="Capital city">Capital city</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">496.21 km<sup>2</sup> (191.59 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Urban<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">298 km<sup>2</sup> (115 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Metro<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">11,425 km<sup>2</sup> (4,411 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Highest elevation<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">399 m (1,309 ft)</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Lowest elevation<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">172 m (564 ft)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><span class="nowrap"> </span>(2024-01-01)<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • <a href="/wiki/Capital_city" title="Capital city">Capital city</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">1,384,732</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Density</th><td class="infobox-data">2,800/km<sup>2</sup> (7,200/sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_area" title="Metropolitan area">Metro</a><div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">2,267,817<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Metro density</th><td class="infobox-data">237/km<sup>2</sup> (610/sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Demonym" title="Demonym">Demonym(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Praguer, Pragueite <br /> <span title="Czech-language text"><i lang="cs">Pražan</i></span> (male) <br /> <span title="Czech-language text"><i lang="cs">Pražanka</i></span> (female)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">GDP<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Capital_city" title="Capital city">Capital city</a></th><td class="infobox-data">€85.494 billion (2023)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Metro</th><td class="infobox-data">€123.251 billion (2023)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Per capita (city)</th><td class="infobox-data">€61,740 (2023)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B01:00" title="UTC+01:00">UTC+01:00</a> (<a href="/wiki/Central_European_Time" title="Central European Time">CET</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap"> • Summer (<a href="/wiki/Daylight_saving_time" title="Daylight saving time">DST</a>)</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B02:00" title="UTC+02:00">UTC+02:00</a> (<a href="/wiki/Central_European_Summer_Time" title="Central European Summer Time">CEST</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Postal codes</th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div class="postal-code">100 00 – 199 00</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166" title="ISO 3166">ISO 3166 code</a></th><td class="infobox-data nickname">CZ-10</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Vehicle_registration_plate" title="Vehicle registration plate">Vehicle registration</a></th><td class="infobox-data">A, AA – AZ</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Human_Development_Index" title="Human Development Index">HDI</a> (2022)</th><td class="infobox-data">0.965<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> – <span style="color:#090;">very high</span> · <a href="/wiki/List_of_Czech_regions_by_Human_Development_Index" title="List of Czech regions by Human Development Index">1st</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.praha.eu/jnp/en/index.html">praha.eu</a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /><div style="border:4px solid #0177D3; line-height: 1.5; text-align: center;"> <a href="/wiki/World_Heritage_Site" title="World Heritage Site">UNESCO World Heritage Site</a></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Official name</th><td class="infobox-data">Historic Centre of Prague</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data">Cultural</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Criteria</th><td class="infobox-data">ii, iv, vi</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Designated</th><td class="infobox-data">1992 (16th <a href="/wiki/World_Heritage_Committee" title="World Heritage Committee">session</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Reference no.</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/616">616</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Area</th><td class="infobox-data">1,106.36 ha</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">UNESCO Region</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Europe" class="mw-redirect" title="List of World Heritage Sites in Europe">Europe and North America</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><th colspan="2"> </th></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Prague</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'p' in 'pie'">p</span><span title="'r' in 'rye'">r</span><span title="/ɑː/: 'a' in 'father'">ɑː</span><span title="/ɡ/: 'g' in 'guy'">ɡ</span></span>/</a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key"><i title="English pronunciation respelling"><span style="font-size:90%">PRAHG</span></i></a>; <a href="/wiki/Czech_language" title="Czech language">Czech</a>: <i lang="cs">Praha</i> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="cs-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Czech" title="Help:IPA/Czech">[ˈpraɦa]</a></span> <span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/c\/c7\/Cs-Praha.ogg\/Cs-Praha.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Cs-Praha.ogg"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c7/Cs-Praha.ogg/Cs-Praha.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/File:Cs-Praha.ogg" title="File:Cs-Praha.ogg">ⓘ</a></sup></span>)<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is the capital and <a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_and_towns_in_the_Czech_Republic" title="List of cities and towns in the Czech Republic">largest city</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a><sup id="cite_ref-:1_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the historical capital of <a href="/wiki/Bohemia" title="Bohemia">Bohemia</a>. Situated on the <a href="/wiki/Vltava" title="Vltava">Vltava</a> river, Prague is home to about 1.4 million people. </p><p>Prague is a political, cultural, and economic hub of <a href="/wiki/Central_Europe" title="Central Europe">Central Europe</a>, with a rich history and <a href="/wiki/Romanesque_architecture" title="Romanesque architecture">Romanesque</a>, <a href="/wiki/Czech_Gothic_architecture" title="Czech Gothic architecture">Gothic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Czech_Renaissance_architecture" title="Czech Renaissance architecture">Renaissance</a> and <a href="/wiki/Czech_Baroque_architecture" title="Czech Baroque architecture">Baroque</a> architecture. It was the capital of the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Bohemia" title="Kingdom of Bohemia">Kingdom of Bohemia</a> and residence of several <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Holy Roman Emperor">Holy Roman Emperors</a>, most notably <a href="/wiki/Charles_IV,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor">Charles IV</a> (r. 1346–1378) and <a href="/wiki/Rudolf_II,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor">Rudolf II</a> (r. 1575–1611).<sup id="cite_ref-:1_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was an important city to the <a href="/wiki/Habsburg_monarchy" title="Habsburg monarchy">Habsburg monarchy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Austria-Hungary" title="Austria-Hungary">Austria-Hungary</a>. The city played major roles in the <a href="/wiki/Bohemian_Reformation" title="Bohemian Reformation">Bohemian</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Protestant_Reformation" class="mw-redirect" title="Protestant Reformation">Protestant Reformations</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Thirty_Years%27_War" title="Thirty Years' War">Thirty Years' War</a> and in 20th-century history as the capital of <a href="/wiki/Czechoslovakia" title="Czechoslovakia">Czechoslovakia</a> between the World Wars and the post-war <a href="/wiki/Communist_era_of_Czechoslovakia" class="mw-redirect" title="Communist era of Czechoslovakia">Communist era</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Prague is home to a number of cultural attractions including <a href="/wiki/Prague_Castle" title="Prague Castle">Prague Castle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Charles_Bridge" title="Charles Bridge">Charles Bridge</a>, <a href="/wiki/Old_Town_Square" title="Old Town Square">Old Town Square</a> with the <a href="/wiki/Prague_astronomical_clock" title="Prague astronomical clock">Prague astronomical clock</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Josefov" title="Josefov">Jewish Quarter</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pet%C5%99%C3%ADn" title="Petřín">Petřín</a> hill and <a href="/wiki/Vy%C5%A1ehrad" title="Vyšehrad">Vyšehrad</a>. Since 1992, the historic center of Prague has been included in the <a href="/wiki/UNESCO" title="UNESCO">UNESCO</a> list of <a href="/wiki/World_Heritage_Site" title="World Heritage Site">World Heritage Sites</a>. </p><p>The city has more than ten major museums, along with numerous theatres, galleries, cinemas, and other historical exhibits. An extensive modern public transportation system connects the city. It is home to a wide range of public and private schools, including <a href="/wiki/Charles_University" title="Charles University">Charles University</a> in Prague, the oldest university in <a href="/wiki/Central_Europe" title="Central Europe">Central Europe</a>. </p><p>Prague is classified as an "Beta+" <a href="/wiki/Global_city" title="Global city">global city</a> according to <a href="/wiki/GaWC" class="mw-redirect" title="GaWC">GaWC</a> studies.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2019, the PICSA Index ranked the city as 13th most livable city in the world.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its rich history makes it a popular tourist destination and as of 2017, the city receives more than 8.5 million international visitors annually. In 2017, Prague was listed as the fifth most visited European city after <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Rome</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul">Istanbul</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology_and_names">Etymology and names</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prague&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology and names"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Names_of_European_cities_in_different_languages_(M%E2%80%93P)#P" title="Names of European cities in different languages (M–P)">Names of European cities in different languages (M–P) § P</a></div> <p>The Czech name Praha is derived from an old <a href="/wiki/Slavic_languages" title="Slavic languages">Slavic</a> word, <span title="Slavic languages collective text"><i lang="sla">práh</i></span>, which means "<a href="/wiki/Ford_(crossing)" title="Ford (crossing)">ford</a>" or "<a href="/wiki/Rapids" title="Rapids">rapid</a>", referring to the city's origin at a crossing point of the Vltava river.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Another view to the origin of the name is also related to the Czech word <span title="Czech-language text"><i lang="cs">práh</i></span> (with the meaning of a <a href="/wiki/Threshold_(door)" class="mw-redirect" title="Threshold (door)">threshold</a>) and a legendary etymology connects the name of the city with princess <a href="/wiki/Libu%C5%A1e" title="Libuše">Libuše</a>, prophetess and a wife of the mythical founder of the <a href="/wiki/P%C5%99emyslid_dynasty" title="Přemyslid dynasty">Přemyslid dynasty</a>. She is said to have ordered the city "to be built where a man hews a threshold of his house". The Czech <span title="Czech-language text"><i lang="cs">práh</i></span> might thus be understood to refer to rapids or fords in the river, the edge of which could have acted as a means of fording the river – thus providing a "threshold" to the castle. </p><p>Another derivation of the name <i>Praha</i> is suggested from <i>na prazě</i>, the original term for the <a href="/wiki/Shale" title="Shale">shale</a> hillside rock upon which the original castle was built. At that time, the castle was surrounded by forests, covering the nine hills of the future city – the <a href="/wiki/Old_Town,_Prague" class="mw-redirect" title="Old Town, Prague">Old Town</a> on the opposite side of the river, as well as the <a href="/wiki/Lesser_Town" class="mw-redirect" title="Lesser Town">Lesser Town</a> beneath the existing castle, appeared only later.<sup id="cite_ref-praha_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-praha-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The English spelling of the city's name is borrowed from <a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a>. In the 19th and early 20th centuries it was pronounced in English to rhyme with "vague": it was so pronounced by <a href="/wiki/Lady_Diana_Cooper" title="Lady Diana Cooper">Lady Diana Cooper</a> (born 1892) on <a href="/wiki/Desert_Island_Discs" title="Desert Island Discs">Desert Island Discs</a> in 1969,<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and it is written to rhyme with "vague" in a verse of <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_Beleaguered_City">The Beleaguered City</a> by <a href="/wiki/Henry_Wadsworth_Longfellow" title="Henry Wadsworth Longfellow">Longfellow</a> (1839) and also in the limerick <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/There_was_an_Old_Lady_of_Prague">There was an Old Lady of Prague</a> by <a href="/wiki/Edward_Lear" title="Edward Lear">Edward Lear</a> (1846). </p><p>Prague is also called the <i>"City of a Hundred <a href="/wiki/Spire" title="Spire">Spires</a>"</i>, based on a count by 19th century mathematician <a href="/wiki/Bernard_Bolzano" title="Bernard Bolzano">Bernard Bolzano</a>; today's count is estimated by the Prague Information Service at 500.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nicknames for Prague have also included: the Golden City, the Mother of Cities and the Heart of Europe.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The local Jewish community, which belongs to one of the oldest continuously existing in the world, have described the city as <span title="Hebrew-language text"><span lang="he" dir="rtl">עיר ואם בישראל</span></span> <i>Ir va-em be-yisrael</i>, "The city and mother in Israel".<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prague&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/History_of_Prague" title="History of Prague">History of Prague</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For a chronological guide, see <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Prague" title="Timeline of Prague">Timeline of Prague</a>.</div> <p>Prague has grown from a settlement stretching from <a href="/wiki/Prague_Castle" title="Prague Castle">Prague Castle</a> in the north to the fort of <a href="/wiki/Vy%C5%A1ehrad" title="Vyšehrad">Vyšehrad</a> in the south, to become the capital of a modern European country. With archaeological deposits over 10m deep, the city serves as a model for the implementation of comprehensive regulations for the protection of archaeological heritage throughout the Czech Republic.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_history">Early history</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prague&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Early history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Josef_Mathauser_-_Kn%C4%9B%C5%BEna_Libu%C5%A1e_v%C4%9B%C5%A1t%C3%AD_sl%C3%A1vu_Prahy.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Josef_Mathauser_-_Kn%C4%9B%C5%BEna_Libu%C5%A1e_v%C4%9B%C5%A1t%C3%AD_sl%C3%A1vu_Prahy.jpg/220px-Josef_Mathauser_-_Kn%C4%9B%C5%BEna_Libu%C5%A1e_v%C4%9B%C5%A1t%C3%AD_sl%C3%A1vu_Prahy.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Josef_Mathauser_-_Kn%C4%9B%C5%BEna_Libu%C5%A1e_v%C4%9B%C5%A1t%C3%AD_sl%C3%A1vu_Prahy.jpg/330px-Josef_Mathauser_-_Kn%C4%9B%C5%BEna_Libu%C5%A1e_v%C4%9B%C5%A1t%C3%AD_sl%C3%A1vu_Prahy.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Josef_Mathauser_-_Kn%C4%9B%C5%BEna_Libu%C5%A1e_v%C4%9B%C5%A1t%C3%AD_sl%C3%A1vu_Prahy.jpg/440px-Josef_Mathauser_-_Kn%C4%9B%C5%BEna_Libu%C5%A1e_v%C4%9B%C5%A1t%C3%AD_sl%C3%A1vu_Prahy.jpg 2x" data-file-width="483" data-file-height="310" /></a><figcaption>The mythological princess <a href="/wiki/Libu%C5%A1e" title="Libuše">Libuše</a> prophesies the glory of Prague</figcaption></figure> <p>The region was settled as early as the <a href="/wiki/Paleolithic" title="Paleolithic">Paleolithic</a> age.<sup id="cite_ref-Demetz1997_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Demetz1997-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Jewish chronicler <a href="/wiki/David_Gans" title="David Gans">David Solomon Ganz</a>, citing <a href="/wiki/Cyriacus_Spangenberg" title="Cyriacus Spangenberg">Cyriacus Spangenberg</a>, claimed that the city was founded as Boihaem in <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1306</span> <a href="/wiki/Anno_Domini" title="Anno Domini">BC</a> by an ancient king, Boyya.<sup id="cite_ref-ganz_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ganz-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Around the fifth and fourth century BC, a <a href="/wiki/Celts" title="Celts">Celtic</a> tribe appeared in the area, later establishing settlements, including the largest Celtic <a href="/wiki/Oppidum" title="Oppidum">oppidum</a> in <a href="/wiki/Bohemia" title="Bohemia">Bohemia</a>, Závist, in a present-day south suburb <a href="/wiki/Zbraslav" title="Zbraslav">Zbraslav</a> in Prague, and naming the region of Bohemia, which means "home of the Boii people".<sup id="cite_ref-Demetz1997_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Demetz1997-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-bohemiaradio_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bohemiaradio-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the last century BC, the Celts were slowly driven away by <a href="/wiki/Germanic_peoples" title="Germanic peoples">Germanic tribes</a> (<a href="/wiki/Marcomanni" title="Marcomanni">Marcomanni</a>, <a href="/wiki/Quadi" title="Quadi">Quadi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lombards" title="Lombards">Lombards</a> and possibly the <a href="/wiki/Suebi" title="Suebi">Suebi</a>), leading some to place the seat of the <a href="/wiki/Marcomanni" title="Marcomanni">Marcomanni</a> king, <a href="/wiki/Maroboduus" title="Maroboduus">Maroboduus</a>, in Závist.<sup id="cite_ref-marobudradio_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-marobudradio-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ganz_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ganz-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Around the area where present-day Prague stands, the 2nd century map drawn by Roman geographer <a href="/wiki/Ptolemy" title="Ptolemy">Ptolemaios</a> mentioned a Germanic city called <i>Casurgis</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the late 5th century AD, during the great <a href="/wiki/Migration_Period" title="Migration Period">Migration Period</a> following the collapse of the <a href="/wiki/Western_Roman_Empire" title="Western Roman Empire">Western Roman Empire</a>, the Germanic tribes living in Bohemia moved westwards and, probably in the 6th century, the <a href="/wiki/West_Slavs" title="West Slavs">Slavic tribes</a> settled the Central Bohemian Region. In the following three centuries, the <a href="/wiki/Czechs" title="Czechs">Czech tribes</a> built several fortified settlements in the area, most notably in the <a href="/wiki/Divok%C3%A1_%C5%A0%C3%A1rka" title="Divoká Šárka">Šárka valley</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jinonice" title="Jinonice">Butovice</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lev%C3%BD_Hradec" title="Levý Hradec">Levý Hradec</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Demetz1997_23-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Demetz1997-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Maqueta_del_castell_de_praga.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Maqueta_del_castell_de_praga.JPG/170px-Maqueta_del_castell_de_praga.JPG" decoding="async" width="170" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Maqueta_del_castell_de_praga.JPG/255px-Maqueta_del_castell_de_praga.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Maqueta_del_castell_de_praga.JPG/340px-Maqueta_del_castell_de_praga.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1728" data-file-height="2304" /></a><figcaption>A model representing <a href="/wiki/Prague_Castle" title="Prague Castle">Prague Castle</a> and its surroundings in the 10th century</figcaption></figure> <p>The construction of what came to be known as <a href="/wiki/Prague_Castle" title="Prague Castle">Prague Castle</a> began near the end of the 9th century, expanding a fortified settlement that had existed on the site since the year 800.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first masonry under Prague Castle dates from the year 885 at the latest.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The other prominent Prague fort, the Přemyslid fort <a href="/wiki/Vy%C5%A1ehrad" title="Vyšehrad">Vyšehrad</a>, was founded in the 10th century, some 70 years later than Prague Castle.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Prague Castle is dominated by the <a href="/wiki/St._Vitus_Cathedral" title="St. Vitus Cathedral">cathedral</a>, which began construction in 1344, but was not completed until the 20th century.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The legendary origins of Prague attribute its foundation to the 8th-century Czech duchess and prophetess <a href="/wiki/Libu%C5%A1e" title="Libuše">Libuše</a> and her husband, <a href="/wiki/P%C5%99emysl,_the_Ploughman" class="mw-redirect" title="Přemysl, the Ploughman">Přemysl</a>, founder of the <a href="/wiki/P%C5%99emyslid_dynasty" title="Přemyslid dynasty">Přemyslid dynasty</a>. Legend says that Libuše came out on a rocky cliff high above the Vltava and prophesied: "I see a great city whose glory will touch the stars". She ordered a castle and a town called Praha to be built on the site.<sup id="cite_ref-Demetz1997_23-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Demetz1997-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The region became the seat of the <a href="/wiki/Duke" title="Duke">dukes</a>, and later <a href="/wiki/King_of_Bohemia" class="mw-redirect" title="King of Bohemia">kings of Bohemia</a>. Under Duke of Bohemia <a href="/wiki/Boleslaus_II,_Duke_of_Bohemia" title="Boleslaus II, Duke of Bohemia">Boleslaus II the Pious</a> the area became a <a href="/wiki/Diocese" title="Diocese">bishopric</a> in 973.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Until Prague was elevated to <a href="/wiki/Archbishopric" class="mw-redirect" title="Archbishopric">archbishopric</a> in 1344, it was under the jurisdiction of the <a href="/wiki/Archbishopric_of_Mainz" class="mw-redirect" title="Archbishopric of Mainz">Archbishopric of Mainz</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Prague was an important seat for trading where merchants from across Europe settled, including many Jews, as recalled in 965 by the <a href="/wiki/Al-Andalus" title="Al-Andalus">Hispano-Jewish</a> merchant and traveler <a href="/wiki/Abraham_ben_Jacob" class="mw-redirect" title="Abraham ben Jacob">Abraham ben Jacob</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Old_New_Synagogue" title="Old New Synagogue">Old New Synagogue</a> of 1270 still stands in the city. Prague was also once home to a <a href="/wiki/Slavery" title="Slavery">slave</a> market.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At the site of the ford in the Vltava river, King <a href="/wiki/Vladislaus_II,_Duke_of_Bohemia" class="mw-redirect" title="Vladislaus II, Duke of Bohemia">Vladislaus I</a> had the first bridge built in 1170, the Judith Bridge (Juditin most), named in honor of his wife <a href="/wiki/Judith_of_Thuringia" title="Judith of Thuringia">Judith of Thuringia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This bridge was destroyed by a flood in 1342, but some of the original foundation stones of that bridge remain in the river. It was rebuilt and named the Charles Bridge.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_36-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1257, under King <a href="/wiki/Ottokar_II_of_Bohemia" title="Ottokar II of Bohemia">Ottokar II</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mal%C3%A1_Strana" title="Malá Strana">Malá Strana</a> ("Lesser Quarter") was founded in Prague on the site of an older village in what would become the <a href="/wiki/Hrad%C4%8Dany" title="Hradčany">Hradčany</a> (Prague Castle) area.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This was the district of the German people, who had the right to administer the law autonomously, pursuant to <a href="/wiki/Magdeburg_rights" title="Magdeburg rights">Magdeburg rights</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The new district was on the bank opposite of the <a href="/wiki/Old_Town_(Prague)" title="Old Town (Prague)">Staré Město</a> ("Old Town"), which had <a href="/wiki/Borough" title="Borough">borough</a> status and was bordered by a line of walls and fortifications. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Late_Middle_Ages">Late Middle Ages</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prague&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Late Middle Ages"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Archikatedra_%C5%9Awi%C4%99tych_Wita,_Wac%C5%82awa_i_Wojciecha_w_Pradze_20190816_1333_5260.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Archikatedra_%C5%9Awi%C4%99tych_Wita%2C_Wac%C5%82awa_i_Wojciecha_w_Pradze_20190816_1333_5260.jpg/220px-Archikatedra_%C5%9Awi%C4%99tych_Wita%2C_Wac%C5%82awa_i_Wojciecha_w_Pradze_20190816_1333_5260.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="152" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Archikatedra_%C5%9Awi%C4%99tych_Wita%2C_Wac%C5%82awa_i_Wojciecha_w_Pradze_20190816_1333_5260.jpg/330px-Archikatedra_%C5%9Awi%C4%99tych_Wita%2C_Wac%C5%82awa_i_Wojciecha_w_Pradze_20190816_1333_5260.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Archikatedra_%C5%9Awi%C4%99tych_Wita%2C_Wac%C5%82awa_i_Wojciecha_w_Pradze_20190816_1333_5260.jpg/440px-Archikatedra_%C5%9Awi%C4%99tych_Wita%2C_Wac%C5%82awa_i_Wojciecha_w_Pradze_20190816_1333_5260.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5772" data-file-height="4000" /></a><figcaption>The current <a href="/wiki/St._Vitus_Cathedral" title="St. Vitus Cathedral">St. Vitus Cathedral</a> in Prague was founded in 1344.</figcaption></figure> <p>Prague flourished during the 14th-century reign (1346–1378) of <a href="/wiki/Charles_IV,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor">Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor</a> and the king of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Bohemia" title="Kingdom of Bohemia">Bohemia</a> of the new <a href="/wiki/House_of_Luxembourg" title="House of Luxembourg">Luxembourg dynasty</a>. As King of Bohemia and Holy Roman Emperor, he transformed Prague into an imperial capital. In the 1470s, Prague had around 70,000 inhabitants and with an area of 360 ha (~1.4 square miles) it was the third-largest city in the Holy Roman Empire.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Charles IV ordered the building of the <a href="/wiki/New_Town,_Prague" title="New Town, Prague">New Town</a> (Nové Město) adjacent to the <a href="/wiki/Old_Town_(Prague)" title="Old Town (Prague)">Old Town</a> and laid out the design himself. The Charles Bridge, replacing the Judith Bridge destroyed in the flood just prior to his reign, was erected to connect the east bank districts to the Malá Strana and castle area. In 1347, he founded <a href="/wiki/Charles_University" title="Charles University">Charles University</a>, the <a href="/wiki/List_of_oldest_universities_in_continuous_operation" title="List of oldest universities in continuous operation">oldest university</a> in Central Europe.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>His father <a href="/wiki/John_of_Bohemia" title="John of Bohemia">John of Bohemia</a> began construction of the <a href="/wiki/Gothic_architecture" title="Gothic architecture">Gothic</a> <a href="/wiki/St._Vitus_Cathedral" title="St. Vitus Cathedral">Saint Vitus Cathedral</a>, within the largest of the Prague Castle courtyards, on the site of the Romanesque rotunda there. Prague was elevated to an archbishopric in 1344,<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the year the cathedral was begun. </p><p>The city had a <a href="/wiki/Mint_(coin)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mint (coin)">mint</a> and was a center of trade for German and Italian bankers and merchants. The social order, however, became more turbulent due to the rising power of the <a href="/wiki/Artisan" title="Artisan">craftsmen</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Guild" title="Guild">guilds</a> (themselves often torn by internal conflicts), and the increasing number of poor.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Hunger Wall, a substantial fortification wall south of Malá Strana and the castle area was built during a famine in the 1360s. The work is reputed to have been ordered by Charles IV as a means of providing employment and food to the workers and their families.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Charles IV died in 1378. During the reign of his son, King <a href="/wiki/Wenceslaus,_King_of_the_Romans" class="mw-redirect" title="Wenceslaus, King of the Romans">Wenceslaus IV</a> (1378–1419), a period of intense turmoil ensued. During Easter 1389, members of the Prague clergy announced that Jews had desecrated the host (Eucharistic wafer) and the clergy encouraged mobs to pillage, ransack and burn the Jewish quarter. Nearly the entire Jewish population of Prague (ca 750 people) was murdered.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Astronomical_Clock_(8341899828).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Astronomical_Clock_%288341899828%29.jpg/220px-Astronomical_Clock_%288341899828%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Astronomical_Clock_%288341899828%29.jpg/330px-Astronomical_Clock_%288341899828%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Astronomical_Clock_%288341899828%29.jpg/440px-Astronomical_Clock_%288341899828%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1068" data-file-height="1600" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Prague_astronomical_clock" title="Prague astronomical clock">Prague astronomical clock</a> was first installed in 1410, making it the third-oldest astronomical clock in the world and the oldest one still working.</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Jan_Hus" title="Jan Hus">Jan Hus</a>, a theologian and <a href="/wiki/Rector_(academia)" title="Rector (academia)">rector</a> at Charles University, preached in Prague. In 1402, he began giving sermons in the <a href="/wiki/Bethlehem_Chapel" title="Bethlehem Chapel">Bethlehem Chapel</a>. Inspired by <a href="/wiki/John_Wycliffe" title="John Wycliffe">John Wycliffe</a>, these sermons focused on what were seen as radical reforms of a corrupt Church. Having become too dangerous for the political and religious establishment, Hus was summoned to the <a href="/wiki/Council_of_Constance" title="Council of Constance">Council of Constance</a>, put on trial for <a href="/wiki/Heresy" title="Heresy">heresy</a>, and burned at the stake in <a href="/wiki/Konstanz" title="Konstanz">Konstanz</a> in 1415. </p><p>Four years later Prague experienced its <a href="/wiki/Defenestrations_of_Prague" title="Defenestrations of Prague">first defenestration</a>, when the people rebelled under the command of the Prague priest <a href="/wiki/Jan_%C5%BDelivsk%C3%BD" title="Jan Želivský">Jan Želivský</a>. Hus' death, coupled with Czech proto-nationalism and <a href="/wiki/Proto-Protestantism" title="Proto-Protestantism">proto-Protestantism</a>, had spurred the <a href="/wiki/Hussite_Wars" title="Hussite Wars">Hussite Wars</a>. Peasant rebels, led by the general <a href="/wiki/Jan_%C5%BDi%C5%BEka" title="Jan Žižka">Jan Žižka</a>, along with Hussite troops from Prague, defeated Emperor <a href="/wiki/Sigismund,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor">Sigismund</a>, in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_V%C3%ADtkov_Hill" title="Battle of Vítkov Hill">Battle of Vítkov Hill</a> in 1420. </p><p>During the <a href="/wiki/Hussite_Wars" title="Hussite Wars">Hussite Wars</a> when Prague was attacked by "Crusader" and mercenary forces, the city militia fought bravely under the Prague Banner. This swallow-tailed banner is approximately 4 by 6 ft (1.2 by 1.8 m), with a red field sprinkled with small white fleurs-de-lis, and a silver old Town Coat-of-Arms in the center. The words "PÁN BŮH POMOC NAŠE" (The Lord is our Relief/Help) appeared above the coat-of-arms, with a Hussite chalice centered on the top. Near the swallow-tails is a crescent-shaped golden sun with rays protruding. </p><p>One of these banners was captured by Swedish troops during the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Prague_(1648)" title="Battle of Prague (1648)">Battle of Prague (1648)</a> when they captured the western bank of the <a href="/wiki/Vltava_river" class="mw-redirect" title="Vltava river">Vltava river</a> and were repulsed from the eastern bank, they placed it in the <a href="/wiki/Swedish_Army_Museum" title="Swedish Army Museum">Royal Military Museum</a> in <a href="/wiki/Stockholm" title="Stockholm">Stockholm</a>; although this flag still exists, it is in very poor condition. They also took the <a href="/wiki/Codex_Gigas" title="Codex Gigas">Codex Gigas</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Codex_Argenteus" title="Codex Argenteus">Codex Argenteus</a>. The earliest evidence indicates that a <a href="/wiki/Gonfalon" title="Gonfalon">gonfalon</a> with a municipal charge painted on it was used for the Old Town as early as 1419. Since this city militia flag was in use before 1477 and during the Hussite Wars, it is the oldest still preserved municipal flag of Bohemia. </p><p>In the following two centuries, Prague strengthened its role as a merchant city. Many noteworthy Gothic buildings<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> were erected and <a href="/wiki/Vladislav_Hall" title="Vladislav Hall">Vladislav Hall</a> of the Prague Castle was added. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Habsburg_era">Habsburg era</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prague&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Habsburg era"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Prague_banner_c1477.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Prague_banner_c1477.png/250px-Prague_banner_c1477.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="96" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Prague_banner_c1477.png/330px-Prague_banner_c1477.png 2x" data-file-width="936" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>Depiction of the "Prague Banner" (municipal flag dated to the 16th century)<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Praha_CoA_CZ_small.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Praha_CoA_CZ_small.svg/150px-Praha_CoA_CZ_small.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Praha_CoA_CZ_small.svg/225px-Praha_CoA_CZ_small.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Praha_CoA_CZ_small.svg/300px-Praha_CoA_CZ_small.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="151" data-file-height="189" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Prague" title="Coat of arms of Prague">coat of arms of Prague</a> (1649)<sup id="cite_ref-Vojtisek_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Vojtisek-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>In 1526, the Bohemian estates elected <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_I,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor">Ferdinand I</a> of the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Habsburg" title="House of Habsburg">House of Habsburg</a>. The fervent Catholicism of its members brought them into conflict in Bohemia, and then in Prague, where Protestant ideas were gaining popularity.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These problems were not preeminent under Holy Roman Emperor <a href="/wiki/Rudolf_II,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor">Rudolf II</a>, elected King of Bohemia in 1576, who chose Prague as his home. He lived in Prague Castle, where his court welcomed not only astrologers and magicians but also scientists, musicians, and artists. Rudolf was an art lover as well, and Prague became the capital of European culture. This was a prosperous period for the city: famous people living there in that age include the astronomers <a href="/wiki/Tycho_Brahe" title="Tycho Brahe">Tycho Brahe</a> and <a href="/wiki/Johannes_Kepler" title="Johannes Kepler">Johannes Kepler</a>, the painter <a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Arcimboldo" title="Giuseppe Arcimboldo">Arcimboldo</a>, the alchemists <a href="/wiki/Edward_Kelley" title="Edward Kelley">Edward Kelley</a> and <a href="/wiki/John_Dee" title="John Dee">John Dee</a>, the poet <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Jane_Weston" title="Elizabeth Jane Weston">Elizabeth Jane Weston</a>, and others. </p><p>In 1618, the famous <a href="/wiki/Defenestrations_of_Prague" title="Defenestrations of Prague">second defenestration of Prague</a> provoked the <a href="/wiki/Thirty_Years%27_War" title="Thirty Years' War">Thirty Years' War</a>, a particularly harsh period for Prague and Bohemia. <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_II,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor">Ferdinand II</a> of Habsburg was deposed, and his place as King of Bohemia taken by <a href="/wiki/Frederick_V,_Elector_Palatine" class="mw-redirect" title="Frederick V, Elector Palatine">Frederick V, Elector Palatine</a>; however his army was crushed in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_White_Mountain" title="Battle of White Mountain">Battle of White Mountain</a> (1620) not far from the city. Following this in 1621 was an execution of 27 Czech Protestant leaders (involved in the uprising) in Old Town Square and the exiling of many others. Prague was forcibly converted back to <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholicism" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholicism">Roman Catholicism</a> followed by the rest of Czech lands. The city suffered subsequently during the war under an attack by <a href="/wiki/Electorate_of_Saxony" title="Electorate of Saxony">Electorate of Saxony</a> (1631) and during the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Prague_(1648)" title="Battle of Prague (1648)">Battle of Prague (1648)</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Prague began a steady decline which reduced the population from the 60,000 it had had in the years before the war to 20,000. In the second half of the 17th century, Prague's population began to grow again. <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_the_Czech_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="History of the Jews in the Czech Republic">Jews</a> had been in Prague since the end of the 10th century and, by 1708, they accounted for about a quarter of Prague's population.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1689, a great fire devastated Prague, but this spurred a renovation and a rebuilding of the city. In 1713–14, a major outbreak of <a href="/wiki/Plague_(disease)" title="Plague (disease)">plague</a> hit Prague one last time, killing 12,000 to 13,000 people.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Frantisek_Palacky_monument.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Frantisek_Palacky_monument.jpg/170px-Frantisek_Palacky_monument.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Frantisek_Palacky_monument.jpg/255px-Frantisek_Palacky_monument.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Frantisek_Palacky_monument.jpg/340px-Frantisek_Palacky_monument.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1536" data-file-height="2048" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Franti%C5%A1ek_Palack%C3%BD_Monument,_Prague" title="František Palacký Monument, Prague">Monument</a> to <a href="/wiki/Franti%C5%A1ek_Palack%C3%BD" title="František Palacký">František Palacký</a>, a significant member of the Czech National Revival, created by <a href="/wiki/Stanislav_Sucharda" title="Stanislav Sucharda">Stanislav Sucharda</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>In 1744, <a href="/wiki/Frederick_the_Great" title="Frederick the Great">Frederick the Great</a> of Prussia invaded Bohemia. He took Prague after a severe and prolonged siege in the course of which a large part of the town was destroyed.<sup id="cite_ref-EB1911_56-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB1911-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Maria_Theresa" title="Maria Theresa">Empress Maria Theresa</a> expelled the Jews from Prague in 1745; though she rescinded the expulsion in 1748, the proportion of Jewish residents in the city never recovered.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1757 the <a href="/wiki/Prussia" title="Prussia">Prussian</a> bombardment<sup id="cite_ref-EB1911_56-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB1911-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> destroyed more than one-quarter of the city and heavily damaged St. Vitus Cathedral. However, a month later, Frederick the Great was defeated and forced to retreat from Bohemia. </p><p>The economy of Prague continued to improve during the 18th century. The population increased to 80,000 inhabitants by 1771. Many rich merchants and nobles enhanced the city with a host of palaces, churches and gardens full of art and music, creating a <a href="/wiki/Baroque" title="Baroque">Baroque</a> city renowned throughout the world to this day. </p><p>In 1784, under <a href="/wiki/Joseph_II,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor">Joseph II</a>, the four municipalities of Malá Strana, Nové Město, Staré Město, and Hradčany were merged into a single entity. The Jewish district, called <a href="/wiki/Josefov" title="Josefov">Josefov</a>, was included only in 1850. The <a href="/wiki/Industrial_Revolution" title="Industrial Revolution">Industrial Revolution</a> produced great changes and developments in Prague, as new factories could take advantage of the coal mines and ironworks of the nearby regions. The first suburb, <a href="/wiki/Karl%C3%ADn" title="Karlín">Karlín</a>, was created in 1817, and twenty years later the population exceeded 100,000. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Revolutions_of_1848" title="Revolutions of 1848">The revolutions in Europe in 1848</a> also touched Prague, but they were fiercely suppressed. In the following years, the <a href="/wiki/Czech_National_Revival" title="Czech National Revival">Czech National Revival</a> began its rise, until it gained the majority in the town council in 1861. Prague had a large number of German speakers in 1848, but by 1880 the number of German speakers had decreased to 14% (42,000), and by 1910 to 6.7% (37,000), due to a massive increase in the city's overall population caused by the influx of <a href="/wiki/Czechs" title="Czechs">Czechs</a> from the rest of Bohemia and <a href="/wiki/Moravia" title="Moravia">Moravia</a> and the increasing prestige and importance of the Czech language as part of the Czech National Revival. In 1891, the city council ordered that all German inscriptions be removed in Prague, while Czechs at the same time demanded equal status for the Czech and German languages in Bohemia and Moravia.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="thumb tnone" style="margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;overflow:hidden;width:auto;max-width:1223px"><div class="thumbinner"><div class="noresize thumbimage" style="overflow:auto"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Panorama_von_Prag_%E2%80%93_Vincenc_Morstadt_%E2%80%93_1835.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Panorama of Prague from the Schönborn Garden, circa 1835. The drawing by Czech vedutist Vincenc Morstadt was engraved by Friedrich Geissler."><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Panorama_von_Prag_%E2%80%93_Vincenc_Morstadt_%E2%80%93_1835.jpg/1213px-Panorama_von_Prag_%E2%80%93_Vincenc_Morstadt_%E2%80%93_1835.jpg" decoding="async" width="1213" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Panorama_von_Prag_%E2%80%93_Vincenc_Morstadt_%E2%80%93_1835.jpg/1820px-Panorama_von_Prag_%E2%80%93_Vincenc_Morstadt_%E2%80%93_1835.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Panorama_von_Prag_%E2%80%93_Vincenc_Morstadt_%E2%80%93_1835.jpg/2426px-Panorama_von_Prag_%E2%80%93_Vincenc_Morstadt_%E2%80%93_1835.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6000" data-file-height="1088" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:Panorama_von_Prag_%E2%80%93_Vincenc_Morstadt_%E2%80%93_1835.jpg" title="File:Panorama von Prag – Vincenc Morstadt – 1835.jpg"> </a></div>Panorama of Prague from the Schönborn Garden, circa 1835. The drawing by Czech vedutist <a href="/wiki/Vincenc_Morstadt" title="Vincenc Morstadt">Vincenc Morstadt</a> was engraved by Friedrich Geissler.</div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="20th_century">20th century</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prague&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: 20th century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Praha_2009-12-26-27.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Praha_2009-12-26-27.jpg/170px-Praha_2009-12-26-27.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="255" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Praha_2009-12-26-27.jpg/255px-Praha_2009-12-26-27.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Praha_2009-12-26-27.jpg/340px-Praha_2009-12-26-27.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="3888" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Tom%C3%A1%C5%A1_Garrigue_Masaryk,_Prague" title="Statue of Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk, Prague">Statue</a> of Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk near <a href="/wiki/Prague_Castle" title="Prague Castle">Prague Castle</a></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="First_Czechoslovak_Republic">First Czechoslovak Republic</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prague&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: First Czechoslovak Republic"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/First_Czechoslovak_Republic" title="First Czechoslovak Republic">First Czechoslovak Republic</a></div> <p>World War I ended with the defeat of the <a href="/wiki/Austro-Hungarian_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Austro-Hungarian Empire">Austro-Hungarian Empire</a> and the creation of Czechoslovakia. Prague was chosen as its capital and Prague Castle as the seat of president <a href="/wiki/Tom%C3%A1%C5%A1_Masaryk" title="Tomáš Masaryk">Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk</a>. At this time Prague was a true European capital with highly developed industry. By 1930, the population had risen to 850,000. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Second_World_War">Second World War</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prague&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Second World War"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Prague_liberation_1945_konev.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Prague_liberation_1945_konev.jpg/220px-Prague_liberation_1945_konev.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Prague_liberation_1945_konev.jpg/330px-Prague_liberation_1945_konev.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Prague_liberation_1945_konev.jpg/440px-Prague_liberation_1945_konev.jpg 2x" data-file-width="770" data-file-height="491" /></a><figcaption>The Red Army <a href="/wiki/Prague_offensive" title="Prague offensive">enters</a> Prague in May 1945</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/German_occupation_of_Czechoslovakia" class="mw-redirect" title="German occupation of Czechoslovakia">German occupation of Czechoslovakia</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Hitler" class="mw-redirect" title="Hitler">Hitler</a> ordered the <a href="/wiki/German_Army_(Wehrmacht)" class="mw-redirect" title="German Army (Wehrmacht)">German Army</a> to enter Prague on 15 March 1939, and from Prague Castle proclaimed <a href="/wiki/Protectorate_of_Bohemia_and_Moravia" title="Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia">Bohemia and Moravia a German protectorate</a>. For most of its history, Prague had been a multi-ethnic city<sup id="cite_ref-TOT1_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TOT1-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with important Czech, German and (mostly native German-speaking) Jewish populations.<sup id="cite_ref-JEW1_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JEW1-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From 1939, when the country was occupied by <a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">Nazi Germany</a>, Hitler took over Prague Castle. During the <a href="/wiki/Second_World_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Second World War">Second World War</a>, most Jews were <a href="/wiki/Holocaust" class="mw-redirect" title="Holocaust">deported and killed</a> by the Germans. In 1942, Prague was witness to the assassination of one of the most powerful men in <a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">Nazi Germany</a>—<a href="/wiki/Reinhard_Heydrich" title="Reinhard Heydrich">Reinhard Heydrich</a>—during <a href="/wiki/Operation_Anthropoid" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Anthropoid">Operation Anthropoid</a>, accomplished by Czechoslovak national heroes <a href="/wiki/Jozef_Gab%C4%8D%C3%ADk" title="Jozef Gabčík">Jozef Gabčík</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jan_Kubi%C5%A1" title="Jan Kubiš">Jan Kubiš</a>. Hitler ordered bloody reprisals.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In February 1945, <a href="/wiki/1945_Bombing_of_Prague" class="mw-redirect" title="1945 Bombing of Prague">Prague suffered several bombing raids</a> by the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Air_Forces" title="United States Army Air Forces">US Army Air Forces</a>. 701 people were killed, more than 1,000 people were injured and some buildings, factories and historic landmarks (<a href="/wiki/Emmaus_Monastery" title="Emmaus Monastery">Emmaus Monastery</a>, <a href="/wiki/Faust_House_(Prague)" title="Faust House (Prague)">Faust House</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vinohrady_Synagogue&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vinohrady Synagogue (page does not exist)">Vinohrady Synagogue</a>) were destroyed.<sup id="cite_ref-Bombing_62-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bombing-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many historic structures in Prague, however, escaped the destruction of the war and the damage was small compared to the total destruction of many other cities in that time. According to American pilots, it was the result of a navigational mistake. In March, a deliberate raid targeted military factories in Prague, killing about 370 people.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 5 May 1945, two days before Germany capitulated, an <a href="/wiki/Prague_uprising" title="Prague uprising">uprising</a> against Germany occurred. Several thousand Czechs were killed in four days of bloody street fighting, with many atrocities committed by both sides. Fought concurrently with the Prague uprising, the <a href="/wiki/Prague_offensive" title="Prague offensive">Prague offensive</a> significantly helped the <a href="/wiki/Liberation_of_Czechoslovakia_in_1945" class="mw-redirect" title="Liberation of Czechoslovakia in 1945">liberation of Czechoslovakia</a>. At daybreak on 9 May, the <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/3rd_Shock_Army" title="3rd Shock Army">3rd Shock Army</a></span> of the <a href="/wiki/Red_Army" title="Red Army">Red Army</a> took the capital city almost unopposed. The majority (about 50,000 people) of the German population of Prague either fled or were <a href="/wiki/Expulsion_of_Germans_after_World_War_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Expulsion of Germans after World War II">expelled</a> by the <a href="/wiki/Bene%C5%A1_decrees" title="Beneš decrees">Beneš decrees</a> in the aftermath of the war. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Cold_War">Cold War</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prague&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Cold War"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/History_of_Czechoslovakia_(1948%E2%80%9389)" class="mw-redirect" title="History of Czechoslovakia (1948–89)">History of Czechoslovakia (1948–89)</a> and <a href="/wiki/Czechoslovak_Socialist_Republic" title="Czechoslovak Socialist Republic">Czechoslovak Socialist Republic</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Havla_1989.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Havla_1989.jpg/250px-Havla_1989.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Havla_1989.jpg/330px-Havla_1989.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Havla_1989.jpg/500px-Havla_1989.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1760" data-file-height="1176" /></a><figcaption>Velvet Revolution in November 1989</figcaption></figure> <p>Prague was a city in a country under the military, economic, and political control of the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> (see <a href="/wiki/Iron_Curtain" title="Iron Curtain">Iron Curtain</a> and <a href="/wiki/COMECON" class="mw-redirect" title="COMECON">COMECON</a>). The world's largest <a href="/wiki/Stalin_Monument_(Prague)" title="Stalin Monument (Prague)">Stalin Monument</a> was unveiled on <a href="/wiki/Letn%C3%A1" title="Letná">Letná</a> hill in 1955 and destroyed in 1962. The 4th Czechoslovak Writers' Congress, held in the city in June 1967, took a strong position against the regime.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 31 October 1967 students demonstrated at <a href="/wiki/Strahov_(district_of_Prague)" class="mw-redirect" title="Strahov (district of Prague)">Strahov</a>. This spurred the new secretary of the <a href="/wiki/Czechoslovak_Communist_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Czechoslovak Communist Party">Czechoslovak Communist Party</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Dub%C4%8Dek" title="Alexander Dubček">Alexander Dubček</a>, to proclaim a new deal in his city's and country's life, starting the short-lived season of the "<a href="/wiki/Socialism_with_a_human_face" title="Socialism with a human face">socialism with a human face</a>". It was the <a href="/wiki/Prague_Spring" title="Prague Spring">Prague Spring</a>, which aimed at the renovation of political institutions in a democratic way. The other <a href="/wiki/Warsaw_Pact" title="Warsaw Pact">Warsaw Pact</a> member countries, except <a href="/wiki/Socialist_Republic_of_Romania" title="Socialist Republic of Romania">Romania</a> and <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_Albania" class="mw-redirect" title="People's Republic of Albania">Albania</a>, were led by the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> to repress these reforms through the <a href="/wiki/Warsaw_Pact_invasion_of_Czechoslovakia" title="Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia">invasion of Czechoslovakia</a> and the capital, Prague, on 21 August 1968. The invasion, chiefly by infantry and tanks, effectively suppressed any further attempts at reform. The military occupation of Czechoslovakia by the <a href="/wiki/Red_Army" title="Red Army">Red Army</a> would end only in 1991. <a href="/wiki/Jan_Palach" title="Jan Palach">Jan Palach</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jan_Zaj%C3%ADc" title="Jan Zajíc">Jan Zajíc</a> committed suicide by <a href="/wiki/Self-immolation" title="Self-immolation">self-immolation</a> in January and February 1969 to protest against the "<a href="/wiki/Normalization_(Czechoslovakia)" title="Normalization (Czechoslovakia)">normalization</a>" of the country. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="After_the_Velvet_Revolution">After the Velvet Revolution</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prague&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: After the Velvet Revolution"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mrakodrapy_v_Praze_2018.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Mrakodrapy_v_Praze_2018.jpg/220px-Mrakodrapy_v_Praze_2018.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Mrakodrapy_v_Praze_2018.jpg/330px-Mrakodrapy_v_Praze_2018.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Mrakodrapy_v_Praze_2018.jpg/440px-Mrakodrapy_v_Praze_2018.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2327" data-file-height="1353" /></a><figcaption>Prague high-rise buildings at <a href="/wiki/Pankr%C3%A1c" title="Pankrác">Pankrác</a></figcaption></figure> <p>In 1989, after riot police beat back a peaceful student demonstration, the <a href="/wiki/Velvet_Revolution" title="Velvet Revolution">Velvet Revolution</a> crowded the streets of Prague, and the capital of <a href="/wiki/Czech_and_Slovak_Federative_Republic" title="Czech and Slovak Federative Republic">Czechoslovakia</a> benefited greatly from the new mood. In 1992, the <a href="/wiki/Historic_Centre_of_Prague" class="mw-redirect" title="Historic Centre of Prague">Historic Centre of Prague</a> and its monuments were inscribed as a cultural <a href="/wiki/UNESCO_World_Heritage_Site" class="mw-redirect" title="UNESCO World Heritage Site">UNESCO World Heritage Site</a>. In 1993, after the <a href="/wiki/Velvet_Divorce" class="mw-redirect" title="Velvet Divorce">Velvet Divorce</a>, Prague became the capital city of the new Czech Republic. Since the 1990s, high-rise buildings began to be built in Prague in large quantities. In the late 1990s, Prague again became an important cultural center of Europe and was notably influenced by <a href="/wiki/Globalisation" class="mw-redirect" title="Globalisation">globalisation</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2000, the <a href="/wiki/IMF" class="mw-redirect" title="IMF">IMF</a> and <a href="/wiki/World_Bank" title="World Bank">World Bank</a> summits took place in Prague and <a href="/wiki/Anti-globalization_protests_in_Prague" title="Anti-globalization protests in Prague">anti-globalization riots</a> took place here. In 2002, Prague suffered from <a href="/wiki/2002_European_floods" title="2002 European floods">widespread floods</a> that damaged buildings and its underground transport system. </p><p>Prague <a href="/wiki/Prague_bid_for_the_2016_Summer_Olympics" title="Prague bid for the 2016 Summer Olympics">launched a bid</a> for the <a href="/wiki/2016_Summer_Olympics" title="2016 Summer Olympics">2016 Summer Olympics</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but failed to make the candidate city <a href="/wiki/Shortlist" class="mw-redirect" title="Shortlist">shortlist</a>. In June 2009, as the result of financial pressures from the <a href="/wiki/Great_Recession" title="Great Recession">global recession</a>, Prague's officials chose to cancel the city's planned bid for the <a href="/wiki/2020_Summer_Olympics" title="2020 Summer Olympics">2020 Summer Olympics</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 21 December 2023, <a href="/wiki/2023_Prague_shooting" class="mw-redirect" title="2023 Prague shooting">a mass shooting</a> took place at <a href="/wiki/Charles_University" title="Charles University">Charles University</a> in central Prague. In total, 15 people were killed and 25 injured. It was the deadliest mass murder in the history of the Czech Republic.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prague&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Prague is situated on the <a href="/wiki/Vltava" title="Vltava">Vltava</a> river. The <a href="/wiki/Berounka" title="Berounka">Berounka</a> flows into the Vltava in the suburbs of <a href="/wiki/Lahovice" title="Lahovice">Lahovice</a>. There are 99 watercourses in Prague with a total length of 340 km (210 mi). The longest streams are Rokytka and Botič.<sup id="cite_ref-water_69-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-water-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There are 3 reservoirs, 37 ponds, and 34 retention reservoirs and dry polders in the city. The largest pond is Velký Počernický with 41.76 ha (103.2 acres).<sup id="cite_ref-water_69-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-water-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The largest body of water is Hostivař Reservoir with 42 hectares (103.8 acres).<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Geomorphological_division_of_the_Czech_Republic" title="Geomorphological division of the Czech Republic">In terms of geomorphological division</a>, most of Prague is located in the <a href="/wiki/Prague_Plateau" title="Prague Plateau">Prague Plateau</a>. In the south the city's territory extends into the Hořovice Uplands, in the north it extends into the <a href="/wiki/Central_Elbe_Table" title="Central Elbe Table">Central Elbe Table</a> lowland. The highest point is the top of the hill Teleček on the western border of Prague, at 399 m (1,309 ft) above sea level. Notable hills in the centre of Prague are Petřín with 327 m (1,073 ft) and Vítkov with 270 m (890 ft). The lowest point is the Vltava in <a href="/wiki/Suchdol_(Prague)" title="Suchdol (Prague)">Suchdol</a> at the place where it leaves the city, at 172 m (564 ft).<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Prague is located approximately at <span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818" /><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Prague&params=50_5_N_14_25_E_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">50°5′N</span> <span class="longitude">14°25′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">50.083°N 14.417°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">50.083; 14.417</span></span></span></a></span></span>. Prague is approximately at the same latitude as <a href="/wiki/Frankfurt" title="Frankfurt">Frankfurt</a>, Germany;<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a>, France;<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Vancouver" title="Vancouver">Vancouver</a>, Canada.<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The northernmost point is at <span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818" /><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Prague&params=50_10_39_N_14_31_37_E_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">50°10′39″N</span> <span class="longitude">14°31′37″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">50.17750°N 14.52694°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">50.17750; 14.52694</span></span></span></a></span></span>, the southernmost point is at <span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818" /><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Prague&params=49_56_31_N_14_23_44_E_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">49°56′31″N</span> <span class="longitude">14°23′44″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">49.94194°N 14.39556°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">49.94194; 14.39556</span></span></span></a></span></span>, the westernmost point is at <span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818" /><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Prague&params=50_6_14_N_14_13_31_E_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">50°6′14″N</span> <span class="longitude">14°13′31″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">50.10389°N 14.22528°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">50.10389; 14.22528</span></span></span></a></span></span>, and the easternmost point is at <span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818" /><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Prague&params=50_5_14_N_14_42_23_E_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">50°5′14″N</span> <span class="longitude">14°42′23″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">50.08722°N 14.70639°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">50.08722; 14.70639</span></span></span></a></span></span>.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Farthest geographical points of the city territory are marked physically by so called „<a href="/wiki/Prague_Poles" title="Prague Poles">Prague Poles</a>". </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Climate">Climate</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prague&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Climate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Prague_by_Sentinel-2,_2020-05-18.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Prague_by_Sentinel-2%2C_2020-05-18.jpg/250px-Prague_by_Sentinel-2%2C_2020-05-18.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="174" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Prague_by_Sentinel-2%2C_2020-05-18.jpg/330px-Prague_by_Sentinel-2%2C_2020-05-18.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Prague_by_Sentinel-2%2C_2020-05-18.jpg/500px-Prague_by_Sentinel-2%2C_2020-05-18.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3012" data-file-height="2382" /></a><figcaption>Prague seen from <a href="/wiki/SPOT_(satellite)" title="SPOT (satellite)">satellite</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Prague has an <a href="/wiki/Oceanic_climate" title="Oceanic climate">oceanic climate</a> (<a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification" title="Köppen climate classification">Köppen</a>: <i>Cfb</i>; <a href="/wiki/Trewartha_climate_classification" title="Trewartha climate classification">Trewartha</a>: <i>Dobk</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> bordering on a <a href="/wiki/Humid_continental_climate" title="Humid continental climate">humid continental climate</a> (<i>Dfb</i>), defined as such by the 0 °C (32 °F) isotherm.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The winters are relatively cold with average temperatures at about freezing point (0 °C), and with very little sunshine. Snow cover can be common between mid-November and late March although snow accumulations of more than 200 mm (8 in) are infrequent. There are also a few periods of mild temperatures in winter. Summers usually bring plenty of sunshine and the average high temperature of 24 °C (75 °F). Nights can be quite cool even in summer, though. Precipitation in Prague is moderate (600–500 mm or 24–20 in per year) since it is located in the <a href="/wiki/Rain_shadow" title="Rain shadow">rain shadow</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Sudetes" title="Sudetes">Sudetes</a> and other mountain ranges. The driest season is usually winter while late spring and summer can bring quite heavy rain, especially in the form of thundershowers. The number of hours of average sunshine has increased over time. <a href="/wiki/Inversion_(meteorology)" title="Inversion (meteorology)">Temperature inversions</a> are relatively common between mid-October and mid-March bringing foggy, cold days and sometimes moderate air pollution. Prague is also a windy city with common sustained western winds and an average wind speed of 16 km/h (10 mph) that often helps break temperature inversions and clear the air in cold months. </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for <a href="/wiki/Clementinum" title="Clementinum">Clementinum</a>, Prague<br /><a href="/wiki/Location_identifier#WMO_station_identifiers" title="Location identifier">WMO ID</a>: 11515; 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1775–present </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record high °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFA64D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.4<br />(63.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF9E3E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.5<br />(65.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF8001; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.9<br />(73.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF4A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.7<br />(87.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF3B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32.8<br />(91.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF1A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">37.7<br />(99.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF1900; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">37.8<br />(100.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF2000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36.8<br />(98.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF3900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33.1<br />(91.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF5E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.8<br />(82.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF9730; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.5<br />(67.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFA449; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.7<br />(63.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF1900; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">37.8<br />(100.0) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FBFBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.9<br />(39.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFF7EF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.6<br />(42.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFD9B3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.0<br />(50.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFAF5F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.1<br />(61.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF8D1C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.9<br />(69.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF7500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.4<br />(75.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF6700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.5<br />(79.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF6B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.9<br />(78.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF9123; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.4<br />(68.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFBA76; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.4<br />(57.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFE3C7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.5<br />(47.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFFCFA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.8<br />(40.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFB56C; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">15.1<br />(59.2) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #F0F0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.8<br />(35.2) </td> <td style="background: #F6F6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.9<br />(37.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFF1E3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.5<br />(43.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFCD9B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.7<br />(53.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFAE5D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.2<br />(61.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF962D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.7<br />(67.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF8913; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.6<br />(70.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF8C1A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.1<br />(70.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFAE5D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.2<br />(61.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFD2A5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.0<br />(51.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFF2E6; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.3<br />(43.3) </td> <td style="background: #F5F5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.8<br />(37.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFCE9E; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">11.5<br />(52.7) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #E4E4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−0.5<br />(31.1) </td> <td style="background: #E6E6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(32.0) </td> <td style="background: #F6F6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.9<br />(37.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFEEDD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.9<br />(44.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFD0A1; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.3<br />(52.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFB871; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.8<br />(58.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFAB58; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.6<br />(61.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFAD5C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.3<br />(61.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFC994; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.2<br />(54.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFE7D0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.9<br />(46.2) </td> <td style="background: #FBFBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.9<br />(39.0) </td> <td style="background: #E9E9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.6<br />(33.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFE8D2; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">7.7<br />(45.9) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record low °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #5252FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−27.5<br />(−17.5) </td> <td style="background: #5454FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−27.1<br />(−16.8) </td> <td style="background: #5151FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−27.6<br />(−17.7) </td> <td style="background: #BBBBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−8.0<br />(17.6) </td> <td style="background: #DEDEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−1.6<br />(29.1) </td> <td style="background: #FAFAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.6<br />(38.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFE8D1; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.8<br />(46.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFF1E4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.4<br />(43.5) </td> <td style="background: #EAEAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.7<br />(33.3) </td> <td style="background: #BEBEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−7.5<br />(18.5) </td> <td style="background: #8B8BFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−16.9<br />(1.6) </td> <td style="background: #6060FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−24.8<br />(−12.6) </td> <td style="background: #5151FF; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">−27.6<br />(−17.7) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Precipitation" title="Precipitation">precipitation</a> mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #E4FFE4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.1<br />(0.71) </td> <td style="background: #E4FFE4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.2<br />(0.64) </td> <td style="background: #D7FFD7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.3<br />(1.04) </td> <td style="background: #D8FFD8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.7<br />(0.97) </td> <td style="background: #A8FFA8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">58.1<br />(2.29) </td> <td style="background: #95FF95; color:#000000;" class="notheme">68.6<br />(2.70) </td> <td style="background: #9AFF9A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">67.4<br />(2.65) </td> <td style="background: #A2FFA2; color:#000000;" class="notheme">61.9<br />(2.44) </td> <td style="background: #CAFFCA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33.9<br />(1.33) </td> <td style="background: #D2FFD2; color:#000000;" class="notheme">29.8<br />(1.17) </td> <td style="background: #D6FFD6; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.2<br />(1.03) </td> <td style="background: #DDFFDD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.6<br />(0.89) </td> <td style="background: #C5FFC5; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">453.9<br />(17.87) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average snowfall cm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #A8A8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.8<br />(2.3) </td> <td style="background: #BABAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.2<br />(1.7) </td> <td style="background: #E7E7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.6<br />(0.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #F2F2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.8<br />(0.3) </td> <td style="background: #C9C9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.6<br />(1.4) </td> <td style="background: #EAEAFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">16.1<br />(6.3) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Relative_humidity" class="mw-redirect" title="Relative humidity">relative humidity</a> (%) </th> <td style="background: #89FF89; color:#000000;" class="notheme">76.2 </td> <td style="background: #91FF91; color:#000000;" class="notheme">71.2 </td> <td style="background: #99FF99; color:#000000;" class="notheme">65.9 </td> <td style="background: #A4FFA4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">58.7 </td> <td style="background: #A4FFA4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">58.9 </td> <td style="background: #A3FFA3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">59.3 </td> <td style="background: #A4FFA4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">58.7 </td> <td style="background: #A1FFA1; color:#000000;" class="notheme">60.5 </td> <td style="background: #96FF96; color:#000000;" class="notheme">67.7 </td> <td style="background: #8DFF8D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">73.5 </td> <td style="background: #87FF87; color:#000000;" class="notheme">77.4 </td> <td style="background: #88FF88; color:#000000;" class="notheme">76.7 </td> <td style="background: #97FF97; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">67.1 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean monthly <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_duration" title="Sunshine duration">sunshine hours</a> </th> <td style="background: #5F5F5F; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">52.4 </td> <td style="background: #A4A4A4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">81.9 </td> <td style="background: #BABA46; color:#000000;" class="notheme">129.3 </td> <td style="background: #D6D600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">187.8 </td> <td style="background: #DBDB00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">216.3 </td> <td style="background: #DDDD00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">218.4 </td> <td style="background: #DEDE00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">229.1 </td> <td style="background: #DDDD00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">224.1 </td> <td style="background: #CECE00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">168.2 </td> <td style="background: #B2B279; color:#000000;" class="notheme">110.8 </td> <td style="background: #636363; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">52.5 </td> <td style="background: #545454; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">46.2 </td> <td style="background: #C2C219; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">1,716.9 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source: <a href="/wiki/Czech_Hydrometeorological_Institute" title="Czech Hydrometeorological Institute">Czech Hydrometeorological Institute</a><sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Administration_and_politics">Administration and politics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prague&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Administration and politics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Administrative_division">Administrative division</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prague&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Administrative division"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Prague_districts_en.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Prague_districts_en.svg/220px-Prague_districts_en.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Prague_districts_en.svg/330px-Prague_districts_en.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Prague_districts_en.svg/440px-Prague_districts_en.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption>Map of Prague cadastral areas and administrative districts</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Districts_of_Prague" title="Districts of Prague">Districts of Prague</a></div> <p>Prague is the capital of the Czech Republic and as such is the regular seat of its central authorities. Since 24 November 1990, it is <i>de facto</i> again a statutory city, but has a specific status of the municipality and the region at the same time. Prague also houses the administrative institutions of the <a href="/wiki/Central_Bohemian_Region" title="Central Bohemian Region">Central Bohemian Region</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bohuslav_Svoboda_(2022).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Bohuslav_Svoboda_%282022%29.jpg/250px-Bohuslav_Svoboda_%282022%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="213" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Bohuslav_Svoboda_%282022%29.jpg/330px-Bohuslav_Svoboda_%282022%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Bohuslav_Svoboda_%282022%29.jpg/500px-Bohuslav_Svoboda_%282022%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1280" /></a><figcaption>Mayor Bohuslav Svoboda</figcaption></figure> <p>Until 1949, all administrative districts of Prague were formed by the whole one or more cadastral unit, municipality or town. Since 1949, there has been a fundamental change in the administrative division. Since then, the boundaries of many urban districts, administrative districts and city districts are independent of the boundaries of cadastral territories and some cadastral territories are thus divided into administrative and self-governing parts of the city. <a href="/wiki/Cadastre" title="Cadastre">Cadastral area</a> (for example, <a href="/wiki/Vinohrady" title="Vinohrady">Vinohrady</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sm%C3%ADchov" title="Smíchov">Smíchov</a>) are still relevant especially for the registration of land and real estate and house numbering. </p><p>Prague is divided into 10 municipal districts (1–10), 22 administrative districts (1–22), 57 municipal parts, and 112 cadastral areas. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mari%C3%A1nsk%C3%A9_n%C3%A1m%C4%9Bst%C3%AD_2-2_Praha,_Star%C3%A9_M%C4%9Bsto_20170906_001.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Mari%C3%A1nsk%C3%A9_n%C3%A1m%C4%9Bst%C3%AD_2-2_Praha%2C_Star%C3%A9_M%C4%9Bsto_20170906_001.jpg/220px-Mari%C3%A1nsk%C3%A9_n%C3%A1m%C4%9Bst%C3%AD_2-2_Praha%2C_Star%C3%A9_M%C4%9Bsto_20170906_001.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Mari%C3%A1nsk%C3%A9_n%C3%A1m%C4%9Bst%C3%AD_2-2_Praha%2C_Star%C3%A9_M%C4%9Bsto_20170906_001.jpg/330px-Mari%C3%A1nsk%C3%A9_n%C3%A1m%C4%9Bst%C3%AD_2-2_Praha%2C_Star%C3%A9_M%C4%9Bsto_20170906_001.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Mari%C3%A1nsk%C3%A9_n%C3%A1m%C4%9Bst%C3%AD_2-2_Praha%2C_Star%C3%A9_M%C4%9Bsto_20170906_001.jpg/440px-Mari%C3%A1nsk%C3%A9_n%C3%A1m%C4%9Bst%C3%AD_2-2_Praha%2C_Star%C3%A9_M%C4%9Bsto_20170906_001.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5378" data-file-height="3590" /></a><figcaption>Prague New City Hall</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="City_government">City government</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prague&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: City government"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Prague is administered by the autonomous <a href="/wiki/Prague_City_Assembly" title="Prague City Assembly">Prague City Assembly</a>, which consists of 65 members and is elected through municipal elections. As of Dec. 20, 18 members of the council were from the centre-right <a href="/wiki/SPOLU_(Czech_Republic)" class="mw-redirect" title="SPOLU (Czech Republic)">Together Prague</a> group, which governs the city in conjunction with 12 members of the <a href="/wiki/Czech_Pirate_Party" title="Czech Pirate Party">Pirates</a> (centre to centre-left) and 5 members of the <a href="/wiki/Mayors_and_Independents" title="Mayors and Independents">Mayors and Independents</a> group (centre to centre-right).<sup id="cite_ref-k218_85-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-k218-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-f417_86-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-f417-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Thus, the governing coalition has a comfortable majority in the assembly with 35 of 65 seats. Opposition parties include <a href="/wiki/ANO_(political_party)" title="ANO (political party)">ANO 2011</a> (right-wing populist) with 14 members, <a href="/wiki/Prague_Together" title="Prague Together">Prague Together</a> (centre) with 11 votes, <a href="/wiki/Freedom_and_Direct_Democracy" title="Freedom and Direct Democracy">Freedom and Direct Democracy</a> (right wing to far-right) with 3 members and, 2 unaffiliated Independents.<sup id="cite_ref-f417_86-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-f417-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The executive body of Prague, elected by the Assembly, is <a href="/wiki/Prague_City_Council" title="Prague City Council">Prague City Council</a>. The municipal office of Prague is at <a href="/wiki/Prague_City_Hall" title="Prague City Hall">Prague City Hall</a> and has 11 members, including the <a href="/wiki/List_of_mayors_of_Prague" title="List of mayors of Prague">mayor</a>. It prepares proposals for the Assembly meetings and ensures that adopted resolutions are fulfilled. The <a href="/wiki/List_of_mayors_of_Prague" title="List of mayors of Prague">Mayor of Prague</a> is <a href="/wiki/Civic_Democratic_Party_(Czech_Republic)" title="Civic Democratic Party (Czech Republic)">Civic Democratic Party</a> member <a href="/wiki/Bohuslav_Svoboda" title="Bohuslav Svoboda">Bohuslav Svoboda</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prague&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Demographics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Prague_population_pyramid_in_2021.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Prague_population_pyramid_in_2021.svg/250px-Prague_population_pyramid_in_2021.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Prague_population_pyramid_in_2021.svg/330px-Prague_population_pyramid_in_2021.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Prague_population_pyramid_in_2021.svg/500px-Prague_population_pyramid_in_2021.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2623" data-file-height="2104" /></a><figcaption>Prague population pyramid in 2021</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2011_census">2011 census</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prague&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: 2011 census"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Even though the official population of Prague hovers around 1.3 million as of the <a href="/wiki/2011_Czech_census" title="2011 Czech census">2011 census</a>, the city's real population is much higher due to only 65% of its residents being marked as permanently living in the city.<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Data taken from mobile phone movements around the city suggest that the real population of Prague is closer to 1.9 or 2.0 million, with an additional 300,000 to 400,000 commuters coming to the city on weekdays for work, education, or commerce.<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>About 14% of the city's inhabitants were born outside the Czech Republic, the highest proportion in the country. However, 64.8% of the city's population self-identified as ethnically <a href="/wiki/Czechs" title="Czechs">Czech</a>, which is slightly higher than the national average of 63.7%. Almost 29% of respondents declined to answer the question on ethnicity at all, so it may be assumed that the real percentage of ethnic Czechs in Prague is considerably higher. The largest ethnic minority are <a href="/wiki/Slovaks_in_the_Czech_Republic" title="Slovaks in the Czech Republic">Slovaks</a>, followed by Ukrainians and Russians.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_89-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Prague's population is the oldest and best-educated in the country. It has the lowest proportion of children. Only 10.8% of census respondents claimed adherence to a religion; the majority of these were <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholics" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholics">Roman Catholics</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_89-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Historical_population">Historical population</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prague&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Historical population"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Development of the Prague population since 1378<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (since 1869 according to the censuses within the limits of present-day Prague):<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1261442011">.mw-parser-output .abbr-header{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-bottom:none;background-color:lavender}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .caption-purple{background:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .caption-purple{background:inherit!important}}.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-top:none;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);padding:5px}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border-top:1px #a2a9b1 solid!important}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:none}}</style><table class="table-pale" style="width:45em;border-top-width:0;border-spacing: 0;float:none;clear:none;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0;"><caption class="caption-purple" style="padding:0.25em;font-weight:bold">Historical population</caption><tbody><tr valign="top"><td style="padding:0 0.5em"><table style="border-spacing:0;width:15em"><tbody><tr style="font-size:95%"><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;width:3em">Year</th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px 2px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Population" class="abbr-header">Pop.</abbr></th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Percent change" class="abbr-header">±%</abbr></th></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1250</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">4,000</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">—    </td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1300</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">10,000</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+150.0%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1378</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">40,000</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+300.0%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1500</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">25,000</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−37.5%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">1610</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">60,000</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">+140.0%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1798</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">79,000</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+31.7%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1869</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">270,389</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+242.3%</td></tr></tbody></table></td><td style="padding:0 0.5em;border-left:solid 1px #aaa"><table style="border-spacing:0;width:15em"><tbody><tr style="font-size:95%"><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;width:3em">Year</th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px 2px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Population" class="abbr-header">Pop.</abbr></th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Percent change" class="abbr-header">±%</abbr></th></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1880</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">349,574</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+29.3%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1890</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">437,373</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+25.1%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">1900</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">559,433</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">+27.9%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1910</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">667,664</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+19.3%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1920</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">729,820</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+9.3%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1930</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">950,465</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+30.2%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1950</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">1,057,570</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+11.3%</td></tr></tbody></table></td><td style="padding:0 0.5em;border-left:solid 1px #aaa"><table style="border-spacing:0;width:15em"><tbody><tr style="font-size:95%"><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;width:3em">Year</th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px 2px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Population" class="abbr-header">Pop.</abbr></th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Percent change" class="abbr-header">±%</abbr></th></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">1961</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">1,133,056</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">+7.1%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1970</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">1,140,795</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+0.7%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1980</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">1,182,186</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+3.6%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1991</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">1,214,174</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+2.7%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2001</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">1,169,106</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−3.7%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">2011</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">1,268,796</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">+8.5%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2021</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">1,301,432</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+2.6%</td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Foreign_residents">Foreign residents</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prague&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Foreign residents"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As of 30 September 2024, there were 349,317 foreign residents in Prague, of which 128,615 with permanent residence in Prague. The following nationalities are the most numerous:<sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="2"><b>Foreign residents in Prague (September 2024)</b> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Nationality</th> <th>Population </th></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/45px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span>Ukraine</td> <td>165,267 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span>Slovakia</td> <td>31,703 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span>Russia</td> <td>25,108 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/23px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/35px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/45px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span>Vietnam</td> <td>15,945 </td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2"> <table class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="; ; width:100%;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="line-height:normal; padding:0.2em; ;"><div style="text-align: center; padding: 0 0.4em; margin: 0 3.3em">Other countries/territories</div></th> </tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/40px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/60px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span>Kazakhstan</td> <td>6,616 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span>Mainland China</td> <td>6,472 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> </span>United States</td> <td>6,459 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/45px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> </span>Romania</td> <td>5,951 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/23px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/35px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/45px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span>India</td> <td>5,485 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span>Bulgaria</td> <td>5,085 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span>United Kingdom</td> <td>4,058 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/40px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/60px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span> </span>Italy</td> <td>3,748 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/40px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/60px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span>Hungary</td> <td>3,716 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span>Poland</td> <td>3,360 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span>Germany</td> <td>3,349 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Belarus.svg/40px-Flag_of_Belarus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Belarus.svg/60px-Flag_of_Belarus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span>Belarus</td> <td>3,198 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/23px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/35px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/45px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span>Turkey</td> <td>3,070 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/40px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/60px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span>France</td> <td>2,821 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span>Uzbekistan</td> <td>2,487 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Serbia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Serbia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Serbia.svg/60px-Flag_of_Serbia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1350" data-file-height="900" /></span></span> </span>Serbia</td> <td>2,076 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/60px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span>Philippines</td> <td>1,981 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Moldova.svg/40px-Flag_of_Moldova.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Moldova.svg/60px-Flag_of_Moldova.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="900" /></span></span> </span>Moldova</td> <td>1,920 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/60px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span>Croatia</td> <td>1,749 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/40px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/60px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span>Azerbaijan</td> <td>1,484 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/40px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/60px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span>South Korea</td> <td>1,475 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/40px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/60px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span>Spain</td> <td>1,388 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_Armenia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Armenia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_Armenia.svg/60px-Flag_of_Armenia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span>Armenia</td> <td>1,384 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/40px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/60px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span>Japan</td> <td>1,145 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg/23px-Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg/35px-Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg/46px-Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span>North Macedonia</td> <td>1,103 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span>Kyrgyzstan</td> <td>1,098 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/21px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/32px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/41px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span>Israel</td> <td>1,055 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg/40px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg/60px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> </span>Bosnia and Herzegovina</td> <td>1,051 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Mongolia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mongolia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Mongolia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mongolia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Mongolia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Mongolia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span>Mongolia</td> <td>1,023 </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Culture">Culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prague&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title category" style="font-size:125%;">Historic Centre of Prague</caption><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn org" style="padding:0.2em;background:#0177d3;font-size:100%;"><a href="/wiki/UNESCO_World_Heritage_Site" class="mw-redirect" title="UNESCO World Heritage Site"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: #ffffff; text-decoration: inherit;">UNESCO World Heritage Site</span></a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="border-top:1px #aaa solid;padding-top:0.4em;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Prague_from_Powder_Tower_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Prague_from_Powder_Tower_01.jpg/250px-Prague_from_Powder_Tower_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Prague_from_Powder_Tower_01.jpg/330px-Prague_from_Powder_Tower_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Prague_from_Powder_Tower_01.jpg/500px-Prague_from_Powder_Tower_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5470" data-file-height="3646" /></a></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.3em;">Includes</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Historic_Centre_of_Prague" class="mw-redirect" title="Historic Centre of Prague">Historic Centre of Prague</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pr%C5%AFhonice" title="Průhonice">Průhonice Park</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.3em;"><a href="/wiki/World_Heritage_Site#Selection_criteria" title="World Heritage Site">Criteria</a></th><td class="infobox-data category">Cultural: ii, iv, vi</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.3em;">Reference</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/616">616</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.3em;">Inscription</th><td class="infobox-data">1992 (16th <a href="/wiki/World_Heritage_Committee" title="World Heritage Committee">Session</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.3em;">Area</th><td class="infobox-data category">1,106.36 ha</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.3em;">Buffer zone</th><td class="infobox-data category">9,887.09 ha</td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Prague_underground_(culture)" title="Prague underground (culture)">Prague underground (culture)</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Praha_N%C3%A1rodn%C3%AD_muzeum_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Praha_N%C3%A1rodn%C3%AD_muzeum_2.jpg/220px-Praha_N%C3%A1rodn%C3%AD_muzeum_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Praha_N%C3%A1rodn%C3%AD_muzeum_2.jpg/330px-Praha_N%C3%A1rodn%C3%AD_muzeum_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Praha_N%C3%A1rodn%C3%AD_muzeum_2.jpg/440px-Praha_N%C3%A1rodn%C3%AD_muzeum_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2960" data-file-height="1748" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/National_Museum_(Prague)" title="National Museum (Prague)">National Museum</a> is a dominant landmark of the <a href="/wiki/Wenceslas_Square" title="Wenceslas Square">Wenceslas Square</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Praha_Veletr%C5%BEn%C3%AD_pal%C3%A1c_jih.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Praha_Veletr%C5%BEn%C3%AD_pal%C3%A1c_jih.jpg/250px-Praha_Veletr%C5%BEn%C3%AD_pal%C3%A1c_jih.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Praha_Veletr%C5%BEn%C3%AD_pal%C3%A1c_jih.jpg/330px-Praha_Veletr%C5%BEn%C3%AD_pal%C3%A1c_jih.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Praha_Veletr%C5%BEn%C3%AD_pal%C3%A1c_jih.jpg/500px-Praha_Veletr%C5%BEn%C3%AD_pal%C3%A1c_jih.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2144" data-file-height="1492" /></a><figcaption>Veletržní palác houses the largest collection of <a href="/wiki/National_Gallery_Prague" title="National Gallery Prague">National Gallery</a> art</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Prague_Congress_Centre_(1).JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Prague_Congress_Centre_%281%29.JPG/220px-Prague_Congress_Centre_%281%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Prague_Congress_Centre_%281%29.JPG/330px-Prague_Congress_Centre_%281%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Prague_Congress_Centre_%281%29.JPG/440px-Prague_Congress_Centre_%281%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4752" data-file-height="3168" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Prague_Congress_Centre" title="Prague Congress Centre">Prague Congress Centre</a> has hosted the <a href="/wiki/IMF" class="mw-redirect" title="IMF">IMF</a>-<a href="/wiki/World_Bank_Group" title="World Bank Group">WBG</a> meeting and <a href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">NATO</a> summit</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Praha_Rudolfinum_isometric.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Praha_Rudolfinum_isometric.jpg/250px-Praha_Rudolfinum_isometric.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="139" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Praha_Rudolfinum_isometric.jpg/330px-Praha_Rudolfinum_isometric.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Praha_Rudolfinum_isometric.jpg/500px-Praha_Rudolfinum_isometric.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="2177" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Rudolfinum" title="Rudolfinum">Rudolfinum</a>, a concert and exhibition hall</figcaption></figure> <p>The city is traditionally one of the cultural centres of Europe, hosting many cultural events. Some of the significant cultural institutions include the <a href="/wiki/National_Theatre_(Prague)" title="National Theatre (Prague)">National Theatre</a> (<i>Národní Divadlo</i>) and the <a href="/wiki/Estates_Theatre" title="Estates Theatre">Estates Theatre</a> (<i>Stavovské or Tylovo</i> or <i>Nosticovo divadlo</i>), where the premières of <a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Amadeus_Mozart" title="Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart">Mozart</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Don_Giovanni" title="Don Giovanni">Don Giovanni</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/La_clemenza_di_Tito" title="La clemenza di Tito">La clemenza di Tito</a></i> were held. Other major cultural institutions are the <a href="/wiki/Rudolfinum" title="Rudolfinum">Rudolfinum</a> which is home to the <a href="/wiki/Czech_Philharmonic" title="Czech Philharmonic">Czech Philharmonic Orchestra</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Municipal_House" title="Municipal House">Municipal House</a> which is home to the <a href="/wiki/Prague_Symphony_Orchestra" title="Prague Symphony Orchestra">Prague Symphony Orchestra</a>. The <a href="/wiki/State_Opera_(Prague)" title="State Opera (Prague)">Prague State Opera</a> (Státní opera) performs at the Smetana Theatre. </p><p>The city has many world-class museums, including the <a href="/wiki/National_Museum_(Prague)" title="National Museum (Prague)">National Museum</a> (Národní muzeum), the Museum of the Capital City of Prague, the <a href="/wiki/Jewish_Museum_in_Prague" title="Jewish Museum in Prague">Jewish Museum in Prague</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Alphonse_Mucha" title="Alphonse Mucha">Alfons Mucha</a> Museum, the <a href="/wiki/Prague_Postal_Museum" title="Prague Postal Museum">Prague Postal Museum</a>, the African-Prague Museum, the <a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Decorative_Arts_in_Prague" title="Museum of Decorative Arts in Prague">Museum of Decorative Arts in Prague</a>, the <a href="/wiki/N%C3%A1prstek_Museum" title="Náprstek Museum">Náprstek Museum</a> (Náprstkovo Muzeum), the <a href="/wiki/Josef_Sudek_Gallery" title="Josef Sudek Gallery">Josef Sudek Gallery</a> and <a href="/wiki/The_Josef_Sudek_Studio" title="The Josef Sudek Studio">The Josef Sudek Studio</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Clementinum" title="Clementinum">National Library</a>, the <a href="/wiki/National_Gallery_Prague" title="National Gallery Prague">National Gallery</a>, which manages the largest collection of art in the Czech Republic and the Kunsthalle Praha, the newest museum in the city.<sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There are hundreds of concert halls, galleries, cinemas and music clubs in the city. It hosts <a href="/wiki/Lists_of_festivals" title="Lists of festivals">music festivals</a> including the <a href="/wiki/Prague_Spring_International_Music_Festival" title="Prague Spring International Music Festival">Prague Spring International Music Festival</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Prague_Autumn_International_Music_Festival" title="Prague Autumn International Music Festival">Prague Autumn International Music Festival</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Prague_International_Organ_Festival" title="Prague International Organ Festival">Prague International Organ Festival</a>, the Dvořák Prague International Music Festival,<sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the <a href="/wiki/Prague_International_Jazz_Festival" title="Prague International Jazz Festival">Prague International Jazz Festival</a>. Film festivals include <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bohemiafilmawards.com/">Bohemia Film Awards</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Febiofest" title="Febiofest">Febiofest</a>, the <a href="/wiki/One_World_Film_Festival" title="One World Film Festival">One World Film Festival</a> and Echoes of the <a href="/wiki/Karlovy_Vary_International_Film_Festival" title="Karlovy Vary International Film Festival">Karlovy Vary International Film Festival</a>. The city also hosts the <a href="/wiki/Prague_Writers%27_Festival" title="Prague Writers' Festival">Prague Writers' Festival</a>, the Prague Folklore Days, Prague Advent Choral Meeting the <a href="/wiki/Summer_Shakespeare_Festival" title="Summer Shakespeare Festival">Summer Shakespeare Festival</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the <a href="/wiki/Prague_Fringe_Festival" title="Prague Fringe Festival">Prague Fringe Festival</a>, the <a href="/wiki/World_Roma_Festival" title="World Roma Festival">World Roma Festival</a>, as well as the hundreds of <a href="/wiki/Vernissage" title="Vernissage">Vernissages</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fashion_show" title="Fashion show">fashion shows</a>. </p><p>With the growth of low-cost airlines in Europe, Prague has become a weekend city destination allowing tourists to visit its museums and cultural sites as well as try its Czech beers and cuisine. </p><p>The city has many buildings by renowned architects, including <a href="/wiki/Adolf_Loos" title="Adolf Loos">Adolf Loos</a> (<a href="/wiki/Villa_M%C3%BCller" title="Villa Müller">Villa Müller</a>), <a href="/wiki/Frank_Gehry" title="Frank Gehry">Frank O. Gehry</a> (<a href="/wiki/Dancing_House" title="Dancing House">Dancing House</a>) and <a href="/wiki/Jean_Nouvel" title="Jean Nouvel">Jean Nouvel</a> (<a href="/wiki/Golden_Angel" title="Golden Angel">Golden Angel</a>). </p><p>Recent major events held in Prague: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_Monetary_Fund" title="International Monetary Fund">International Monetary Fund</a> and <a href="/wiki/World_Bank" title="World Bank">World Bank</a> Summit 2000</li> <li><a href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">NATO</a> Summit 2002</li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Olympic_Committee" title="International Olympic Committee">International Olympic Committee</a> Session 2004</li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Astronomical_Union" title="International Astronomical Union">IAU</a> General Assembly 2006 (<a href="/wiki/IAU_definition_of_planet" title="IAU definition of planet">Definition of planet</a>)</li> <li>EU & USA Summit 2009</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czechs" title="Czechs">Czech</a> <a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_the_Council_of_the_European_Union" title="Presidency of the Council of the European Union">Presidency of the Council of the European Union</a> 2009</li> <li>USA & Russia Summit 2010 (signing of the <a href="/wiki/START_treaty_(2010)" class="mw-redirect" title="START treaty (2010)">New START treaty</a>)</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="In_popular_culture">In popular culture</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prague&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: In popular culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The early 1912 silent drama film <i><a href="/wiki/Pro_pen%C3%ADze" title="Pro peníze">Pro peníze</a></i> was filmed mostly in Prague. Many films have been afterwards made at <a href="/wiki/Barrandov_Studios" title="Barrandov Studios">Barrandov Studios</a> and at Prague Studios. Hollywood films produced in Prague include <i><a href="/wiki/Mission:_Impossible_(film)" title="Mission: Impossible (film)">Mission Impossible</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Dungeons_%26_Dragons_(2000_film)" title="Dungeons & Dragons (2000 film)">Dungeons and Dragons</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/XXX_(2002_film)" title="XXX (2002 film)">xXx</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Blade_II" title="Blade II">Blade II</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Frank_Herbert%27s_Children_of_Dune" title="Frank Herbert's Children of Dune">Children of Dune</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Alien_vs._Predator_(film)" title="Alien vs. Predator (film)">Alien vs. Predator</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Doom_(film)" title="Doom (film)">Doom</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Chronicles_of_Narnia_(film_series)" title="The Chronicles of Narnia (film series)">Chronicles of Narnia</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Hellboy_(2004_film)" title="Hellboy (2004 film)">Hellboy</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/EuroTrip" title="EuroTrip">EuroTrip</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Van_Helsing_(film)" title="Van Helsing (film)">Van Helsing</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Red_Tails" title="Red Tails">Red Tails</a></i>, and <i><a href="/wiki/Spider-Man:_Far_From_Home" title="Spider-Man: Far From Home">Spider-Man: Far From Home</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Prague_Studios_97-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Prague_Studios-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many Indian films have also been filmed in the city including <i><a href="/wiki/Yuvvraaj" title="Yuvvraaj">Yuvvraaj</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Drona_(2008_film)" title="Drona (2008 film)">Drona</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Rockstar_(2011_film)" title="Rockstar (2011 film)">Rockstar</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Jab_Harry_Met_Sejal" title="Jab Harry Met Sejal">Jab Harry Met Sejal</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Bang_Bang!" title="Bang Bang!">Bang Bang</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Duplicate_(1998_film)" title="Duplicate (1998 film)">Duplicate</a></i> and many more.<sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Among the most famous foreign <a href="/wiki/Music_video" title="Music video">music videos</a> filmed in Prague are: <i><a href="/wiki/Never_Tear_Us_Apart" title="Never Tear Us Apart">Never Tear Us Apart</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/INXS" title="INXS">INXS</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Some_Things" title="Some Things">Some Things</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Lasgo" title="Lasgo">Lasgo</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Silver_and_Cold" title="Silver and Cold">Silver and Cold</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/AFI_(band)" title="AFI (band)">AFI</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Diamonds_from_Sierra_Leone" title="Diamonds from Sierra Leone">Diamonds from Sierra Leone</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Kanye_West" title="Kanye West">Kanye West</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Don%27t_Stop_the_Music_(Rihanna_song)" title="Don't Stop the Music (Rihanna song)">Don't Stop the Music</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Rihanna" title="Rihanna">Rihanna</a> and Numb by Linkin Park. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Video_game" title="Video game">Video games</a> set in Prague include <i><a href="/wiki/Osman_(video_game)" title="Osman (video game)">Osman</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Vampire:_The_Masquerade_%E2%80%93_Redemption" title="Vampire: The Masquerade – Redemption">Vampire: The Masquerade – Redemption</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Soldier_of_Fortune_II:_Double_Helix" title="Soldier of Fortune II: Double Helix">Soldier of Fortune II: Double Helix</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Tomb_Raider:_The_Angel_of_Darkness" title="Tomb Raider: The Angel of Darkness">Tomb Raider: The Angel of Darkness</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Indiana_Jones_and_the_Emperor%27s_Tomb" title="Indiana Jones and the Emperor's Tomb">Indiana Jones and the Emperor's Tomb</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Broken_Sword:_The_Sleeping_Dragon" title="Broken Sword: The Sleeping Dragon">Broken Sword: The Sleeping Dragon</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Still_Life_(video_game)" title="Still Life (video game)">Still Life</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Metal_Gear_Solid_4:_Guns_of_the_Patriots" title="Metal Gear Solid 4: Guns of the Patriots">Metal Gear Solid 4</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Call_of_Duty:_Modern_Warfare_3" title="Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 3">Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 3</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Forza_Motorsport_5" title="Forza Motorsport 5">Forza Motorsport 5</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Forza_Motorsport_6" title="Forza Motorsport 6">6</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Deus_Ex:_Mankind_Divided" title="Deus Ex: Mankind Divided">Deus Ex: Mankind Divided</a></i>. </p><p>Historical fiction novels set in Prague include: The Discovery of Witches, Shadows of Night by <a href="/wiki/Deborah_Harkness" title="Deborah Harkness">Deborah Harkness</a> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cuisine">Cuisine</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prague&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Cuisine"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Na_Per%C5%A1t%C3%BDn%C4%9B_5,_U_Medv%C3%ADdk%C5%AF.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Na_Per%C5%A1t%C3%BDn%C4%9B_5%2C_U_Medv%C3%ADdk%C5%AF.jpg/250px-Na_Per%C5%A1t%C3%BDn%C4%9B_5%2C_U_Medv%C3%ADdk%C5%AF.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Na_Per%C5%A1t%C3%BDn%C4%9B_5%2C_U_Medv%C3%ADdk%C5%AF.jpg/330px-Na_Per%C5%A1t%C3%BDn%C4%9B_5%2C_U_Medv%C3%ADdk%C5%AF.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Na_Per%C5%A1t%C3%BDn%C4%9B_5%2C_U_Medv%C3%ADdk%C5%AF.jpg/500px-Na_Per%C5%A1t%C3%BDn%C4%9B_5%2C_U_Medv%C3%ADdk%C5%AF.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/U_Medv%C3%ADdk%C5%AF" title="U Medvídků">U Medvídků</a> (A.D. 1466), one of the oldest pubs in Europe</figcaption></figure> <p>In 2008, the <a href="/wiki/Allegro_(restaurant)" title="Allegro (restaurant)">Allegro</a> restaurant received the first <a href="/wiki/Michelin_Guide" title="Michelin Guide">Michelin star</a> in the whole of the post-Communist part of Central Europe. It retained its star until 2011. As of 2018<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Prague&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, there were just two Michelin-starred restaurants in Prague: <a href="/wiki/La_Degustation" title="La Degustation">La Degustation</a> Bohême Bourgeoise and Field. Another six have been awarded Michelin's Bib Gourmand: Bistrøt 104, Divinis, Eska, Maso a Kobliha, Na Kopci and Sansho. However, as of 2022, there are 27 Michelin-starred restaurants in Prague which still include La Degustation Bohême Bourgeoise and Field. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Beer_in_the_Czech_Republic" title="Beer in the Czech Republic">Czech beer</a> has a long history, with brewing taking place in <a href="/wiki/B%C5%99evnov_Monastery" title="Břevnov Monastery">Břevnov Monastery</a> in 993. In <a href="/wiki/Old_Town_(Prague)" title="Old Town (Prague)">Old Town</a>, <a href="/wiki/%C5%BDi%C5%BEkov" title="Žižkov">Žižkov</a> and <a href="/wiki/Vinohrady" title="Vinohrady">Vinohrady</a> there are hundreds of restaurants, bars and pubs, especially with Czech beer. Prague also hosts several microbrewery festivals throughout the year. The city is home to historical <a href="/wiki/Brewery" title="Brewery">breweries</a> <a href="/wiki/Staropramen_Brewery" title="Staropramen Brewery">Staropramen</a> (Praha 5), <a href="/wiki/U_Flek%C5%AF" title="U Fleků">U Fleků</a>, <a href="/wiki/U_Medv%C3%ADdk%C5%AF" title="U Medvídků">U Medvídků</a>, U Tří růží, <a href="/wiki/Strahov_Monastery" title="Strahov Monastery">Strahov Monastery</a> Brewery (Praha 1) and <a href="/wiki/B%C5%99evnov_Monastery_Brewery" title="Břevnov Monastery Brewery">Břevnov Monastery</a> Brewery (Praha 6). Among many microbreweries are: Novoměstský, Pražský most u Valšů, Národní, Boršov, Loď pivovar, U Dobřenských, U Dvou koček, U Supa (Praha 1), Pivovarský dům (Praha 2), Sousedský pivovar Bašta (Praha 4), Suchdolský Jeník, Libocký pivovar (Praha 6), Marina (Praha 7), U Bulovky (Praha 8), Beznoska, Kolčavka (Praha 9), Vinohradský pivovar, Zubatý pes, Malešický mikropivovar (Praha 10), Jihoměstský pivovar (Praha 11), Lužiny (Praha 13), Počernický pivovar (Praha 14) and Hostivar (Praha 15). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Social_media">Social media</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prague&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Social media"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In an October 2024 article, Prague was ranked 7th on "Europe's 10 most beautiful cities to visit in autumn". The ranking was done by Travelbag and based on analysing Google search and Instagram hashtags.<sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prague&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Economy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Zizkov_tv_tower.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Zizkov_tv_tower.jpg/250px-Zizkov_tv_tower.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="299" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Zizkov_tv_tower.jpg/330px-Zizkov_tv_tower.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Zizkov_tv_tower.jpg/500px-Zizkov_tv_tower.jpg 2x" data-file-width="831" data-file-height="1463" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%C5%BDi%C5%BEkov_Television_Tower" title="Žižkov Television Tower">Žižkov Television Tower</a> with crawling "<a href="/wiki/Babies_(%C4%8Cern%C3%BD)" title="Babies (Černý)">babies</a>"</figcaption></figure> <p>Prague's economy accounts for 25% of the Czech GDP<sup id="cite_ref-CDAP_100-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CDAP-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> making it the highest performing regional economy of the country. As of 2021, its GDP per capita in <a href="/wiki/Purchasing_power_parity" title="Purchasing power parity">purchasing power standard</a> is €58,216, making it the <a href="/wiki/List_of_European_Union_regions_by_GDP" title="List of European Union regions by GDP">third best performing region in the EU</a> at 203 per cent of the EU-27 average in 2021.<sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Prague employs almost a fifth of the entire Czech workforce, and its wages are significantly above average (≈+20%). In 4Q/2020, during the pandemic, average salaries available in Prague reached CZK 45.944 (≈<a href="/wiki/Euro" title="Euro">€</a>1,800) per month, an annual increase of 4%, which was nevertheless lower than national increase of 6.5% both in nominal and real terms. (Inflation in the Czech Republic was 3.2% in 4Q/2020.)<sup id="cite_ref-RHDP_102-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RHDP-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Since 1990, the city's economic structure has shifted from industrial to service-oriented. Industry is present in sectors such as pharmaceuticals, printing, food processing, manufacture of transport equipment, computer technology, and electrical engineering. In the service sector, financial and commercial services, trade, restaurants, hospitality and public administration are the most significant. <a href="/wiki/Service_(economics)" title="Service (economics)">Services</a> account for around 80 per cent of employment. There are 800,000 employees in Prague, including 120,000 commuters.<sup id="cite_ref-CDAP_100-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CDAP-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The number of (legally registered) foreign residents in Prague has been increasing in spite of the country's economic downturn. As of March 2010, 148,035 foreign workers were reported to be living in the city making up about 18 per cent of the workforce, up from 131,132 in 2008.<sup id="cite_ref-104" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Approximately one-fifth of all investment in the Czech Republic takes place in the city. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Prague_07-2016_View_from_Powder_Tower_img4.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Prague_07-2016_View_from_Powder_Tower_img4.jpg/220px-Prague_07-2016_View_from_Powder_Tower_img4.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Prague_07-2016_View_from_Powder_Tower_img4.jpg/330px-Prague_07-2016_View_from_Powder_Tower_img4.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Prague_07-2016_View_from_Powder_Tower_img4.jpg/440px-Prague_07-2016_View_from_Powder_Tower_img4.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4572" data-file-height="2572" /></a><figcaption>Na příkopě, the most expensive street among the states of V4</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Charles_Bridge_(Karl%C5%AFv_most),_Vltava_River,_Prague,_2015.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Charles_Bridge_%28Karl%C5%AFv_most%29%2C_Vltava_River%2C_Prague%2C_2015.jpg/220px-Charles_Bridge_%28Karl%C5%AFv_most%29%2C_Vltava_River%2C_Prague%2C_2015.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="137" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Charles_Bridge_%28Karl%C5%AFv_most%29%2C_Vltava_River%2C_Prague%2C_2015.jpg/330px-Charles_Bridge_%28Karl%C5%AFv_most%29%2C_Vltava_River%2C_Prague%2C_2015.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Charles_Bridge_%28Karl%C5%AFv_most%29%2C_Vltava_River%2C_Prague%2C_2015.jpg/440px-Charles_Bridge_%28Karl%C5%AFv_most%29%2C_Vltava_River%2C_Prague%2C_2015.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3600" data-file-height="2238" /></a><figcaption>Tourism is a significant part of the city's economy.</figcaption></figure> <p>Almost one-half of the national income from tourism is spent in Prague. The city offers approximately 73,000 beds in accommodation facilities, most of which were built after 1990, including almost 51,000 beds in hotels and boarding houses. </p><p>From the late 1990s to late 2000s, the city was a common filming location for international productions such as Hollywood and Bollywood motion pictures. A combination of architecture, low costs and the existing motion picture infrastructure have proven attractive to international film production companies. </p><p>The modern economy of Prague is largely service and export-based and, in a 2010 survey, the city was named the best city in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) for business.<sup id="cite_ref-105" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2005, Prague was deemed among the three best cities in Central and Eastern Europe according to <i><a href="/wiki/The_Economist" title="The Economist">The Economist</a>'</i>s livability rankings.<sup id="cite_ref-106" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The city was named as a top-tier nexus city for innovation across multiple sectors of the global innovation economy, placing 29th globally out of 289 cities, ahead of <a href="/wiki/Brussels" title="Brussels">Brussels</a> and <a href="/wiki/Helsinki" title="Helsinki">Helsinki</a> for innovation in 2010.<sup id="cite_ref-innovation_107-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-innovation-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Na_p%C5%99%C3%ADkop%C4%9B" title="Na příkopě">Na příkopě</a> is the most expensive street among all the states of the <a href="/wiki/Visegr%C3%A1d_Group" title="Visegrád Group">V4</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-108" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2017, with the amount of rent €2,640 (CZK 67,480) per square meter per year, ranked on 22nd place among the most expensive streets in the world.<sup id="cite_ref-109" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The second most expensive is Pařížská street. </p><p>In the Eurostat research, Prague ranked fifth among Europe's 271 regions in terms of gross domestic product per inhabitant, achieving 172 per cent of the EU average. It ranked just above Paris and well above the country as a whole, which achieved 80 per cent of the EU average.<sup id="cite_ref-110" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-111" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Companies with highest turnover in the region in 2014:<sup id="cite_ref-112" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; border: none;"> <tbody><tr> <th>Name</th> <th>Turnover, mld. CZK </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%C4%8CEZ" class="mw-redirect" title="ČEZ">ČEZ</a></td> <td>200.8 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Agrofert" title="Agrofert">Agrofert</a></td> <td>166.8 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/RWE_Supply_%26_Trading_CZ" title="RWE Supply & Trading CZ">RWE Supply & Trading CZ</a></td> <td>146.1 </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Prague is also the site of some of the most important offices and institutions of the Czech Republic </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Czech_Republic" title="President of the Czech Republic">President of the Czech Republic</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_Czech_Republic" title="Government of the Czech Republic">Government</a> and both houses of <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_Czech_Republic" title="Parliament of the Czech Republic">Parliament</a></li> <li>Ministries and other national offices (Industrial Property Office, <a href="/wiki/Czech_Statistical_Office" title="Czech Statistical Office">Czech Statistical Office</a>, National Security Authority, etc.)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czech_National_Bank" title="Czech National Bank">Czech National Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czech_Television" title="Czech Television">Czech Television</a> and other major broadcasters</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radio_Free_Europe/Radio_Liberty" title="Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty">Radio Free Europe</a> – <a href="/wiki/Radio_Free_Europe/Radio_Liberty" title="Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty">Radio Liberty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galileo_(satellite_navigation)" title="Galileo (satellite navigation)">Galileo</a> global navigation project</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czech_Academy_of_Sciences" title="Czech Academy of Sciences">Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tourism">Tourism</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prague&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Tourism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2022-10-15_V%C3%A1clavsk%C3%A9_n%C3%A1m%C4%9Bst%C3%AD_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/2022-10-15_V%C3%A1clavsk%C3%A9_n%C3%A1m%C4%9Bst%C3%AD_1.jpg/250px-2022-10-15_V%C3%A1clavsk%C3%A9_n%C3%A1m%C4%9Bst%C3%AD_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/2022-10-15_V%C3%A1clavsk%C3%A9_n%C3%A1m%C4%9Bst%C3%AD_1.jpg/330px-2022-10-15_V%C3%A1clavsk%C3%A9_n%C3%A1m%C4%9Bst%C3%AD_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/2022-10-15_V%C3%A1clavsk%C3%A9_n%C3%A1m%C4%9Bst%C3%AD_1.jpg/500px-2022-10-15_V%C3%A1clavsk%C3%A9_n%C3%A1m%C4%9Bst%C3%AD_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Wenceslas_Square" title="Wenceslas Square">Wenceslas Square</a> features the <a href="/wiki/National_Museum_(Prague)" title="National Museum (Prague)">National Museum</a> and has the busiest pedestrian traffic in the whole country</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Prague_old_town_square_panorama.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Prague_old_town_square_panorama.jpg/220px-Prague_old_town_square_panorama.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="163" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Prague_old_town_square_panorama.jpg/330px-Prague_old_town_square_panorama.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Prague_old_town_square_panorama.jpg/440px-Prague_old_town_square_panorama.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3543" data-file-height="2633" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Old_Town_Square" title="Old Town Square">Old Town Square</a> featuring <a href="/wiki/Church_of_Our_Lady_before_T%C3%BDn" title="Church of Our Lady before Týn">Church of Our Lady before Týn</a> and Old Town City Hall with <a href="/wiki/Prague_Orloj" class="mw-redirect" title="Prague Orloj">Prague Orloj</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Prag_Pulverturm.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Prag_Pulverturm.jpg/250px-Prag_Pulverturm.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="223" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Prag_Pulverturm.jpg/330px-Prag_Pulverturm.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Prag_Pulverturm.jpg/500px-Prag_Pulverturm.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1063" data-file-height="1394" /></a><figcaption>The Gothic <a href="/wiki/Powder_Tower,_Prague" title="Powder Tower, Prague">Powder Tower</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Prag_ginger_u_fred_gehry.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Prag_ginger_u_fred_gehry.jpg/250px-Prag_ginger_u_fred_gehry.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="181" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Prag_ginger_u_fred_gehry.jpg/330px-Prag_ginger_u_fred_gehry.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Prag_ginger_u_fred_gehry.jpg/500px-Prag_ginger_u_fred_gehry.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1506" data-file-height="1600" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Vlado_Miluni%C4%87" title="Vlado Milunić">Milunić's</a> and <a href="/wiki/Frank_Gehry" title="Frank Gehry">Gehry's</a> <a href="/wiki/Dancing_House" title="Dancing House">Dancing House</a> </figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Prague_Mala_Strana_St._Nicholas-02.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Prague_Mala_Strana_St._Nicholas-02.jpg/220px-Prague_Mala_Strana_St._Nicholas-02.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Prague_Mala_Strana_St._Nicholas-02.jpg/330px-Prague_Mala_Strana_St._Nicholas-02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Prague_Mala_Strana_St._Nicholas-02.jpg/440px-Prague_Mala_Strana_St._Nicholas-02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5291" data-file-height="3968" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/St._Nicholas_Church_(Lesser_Town)" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Nicholas Church (Lesser Town)">St. Nicholas Church</a> in Malá Strana is the best example of the <a href="/wiki/Baroque" title="Baroque">Baroque</a> style in Prague</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Strahov_knihovna_Teolog_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Strahov_knihovna_Teolog_2.jpg/220px-Strahov_knihovna_Teolog_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Strahov_knihovna_Teolog_2.jpg/330px-Strahov_knihovna_Teolog_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Strahov_knihovna_Teolog_2.jpg/440px-Strahov_knihovna_Teolog_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1369" /></a><figcaption>Library of the <a href="/wiki/Strahov_Monastery" title="Strahov Monastery">Strahov Monastery</a> </figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kafka_statue_Prague.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Kafka_statue_Prague.jpg/170px-Kafka_statue_Prague.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="311" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Kafka_statue_Prague.jpg/255px-Kafka_statue_Prague.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Kafka_statue_Prague.jpg/340px-Kafka_statue_Prague.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2297" data-file-height="4202" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Franz_Kafka" title="Franz Kafka">Franz Kafka</a> monument, next to the <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Synagogue_(Prague)" title="Spanish Synagogue (Prague)">Spanish synagogue</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Since <a href="/wiki/Revolutions_of_1989" title="Revolutions of 1989">the fall of the Iron Curtain</a>, Prague has become one of the world's most popular tourist destinations. Prague <a href="/wiki/Bombing_of_Prague" title="Bombing of Prague">suffered considerably less</a> damage during <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> than some other major cities in the region, allowing most of its historic architecture to stay true to form. It contains one of the world's most pristine and varied collections of architecture, from <a href="/wiki/Romanesque_art" title="Romanesque art">Romanesque</a>, to <a href="/wiki/Gothic_architecture" title="Gothic architecture">Gothic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Renaissance" title="Renaissance">Renaissance</a>, <a href="/wiki/Baroque" title="Baroque">Baroque</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rococo" title="Rococo">Rococo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Renaissance_Revival_architecture" title="Renaissance Revival architecture">Neo-Renaissance</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gothic_Revival_architecture" title="Gothic Revival architecture">Neo-Gothic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Art_Nouveau" title="Art Nouveau">Art Nouveau</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cubism" title="Cubism">Cubist</a>, <a href="/wiki/Neoclassicism" title="Neoclassicism">Neo-Classical</a> and ultra-modern. </p><p>Prague is classified as an "Beta+" <a href="/wiki/Global_city" title="Global city">global city</a> according to <a href="/wiki/GaWC" class="mw-redirect" title="GaWC">GaWC</a> studies, comparable to <a href="/wiki/Vienna" title="Vienna">Vienna</a>, <a href="/wiki/Manila" title="Manila">Manila</a> and <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a><sup id="cite_ref-113" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Prague ranked sixth in the <a href="/wiki/Tripadvisor" title="Tripadvisor">Tripadvisor</a> world list of best destinations in 2016.<sup id="cite_ref-tripadvisor.com_114-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tripadvisor.com-114"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its rich history makes it a popular tourist destination, and the city receives more than 8.4 million international visitors annually, as of 2017<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Prague&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>. Furthermore, the city was ranked 7th in the world <a href="/wiki/International_Congress_and_Convention_Association" title="International Congress and Convention Association">ICCA</a> Destination Performance Index measuring performance of conference tourism in 2021.<sup id="cite_ref-115" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-115"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>114<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of December 2024 the city is ranked 3rd among the best places to visit during Christmas.<sup id="cite_ref-116" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-116"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>An iconic part of the city that made a comeback in 2025 is Prague's Matějská pouť (St. Matthew's fun fair) <a href="/wiki/Mat%C4%9Bjsk%C3%A1_pou%C5%A5_s_Cyclone_roller_coaster" class="mw-redirect" title="Matějská pouť s Cyclone roller coaster">Cyclone roller coaster</a>. Originally constructed in 1963 it was an attraction at the Výstaviště fairgrounds. In 2018, it was removed due to urban revitalization plans. The Štaubert family, custodians of the ride, undertook an extensive restoration, dismantling and refurbishing the structure in Chotouchov near <a href="/wiki/Kol%C3%ADn" title="Kolín">Kolín</a>. The renovated Cyclone will be featured starting this year's Matějská pouť, scheduled from February 22 to April 15, 2025.<sup id="cite_ref-117" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-117"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Main_attractions">Main attractions</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prague&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Main attractions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Hradčany_and_Lesser_Town_(Malá_Strana)"><span id="Hrad.C4.8Dany_and_Lesser_Town_.28Mal.C3.A1_Strana.29"></span>Hradčany and Lesser Town (Malá Strana)</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prague&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Hradčany and Lesser Town (Malá Strana)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115" /><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prague_Castle" title="Prague Castle">Prague Castle</a> with the <a href="/wiki/St._Vitus_Cathedral" title="St. Vitus Cathedral">St. Vitus Cathedral</a> which stores the <a href="/wiki/Czech_Crown_Jewels" class="mw-redirect" title="Czech Crown Jewels">Czech Crown Jewels</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Charles_Bridge" title="Charles Bridge">Charles Bridge</a> (Karlův most)</li> <li>The Baroque <a href="/wiki/St._Nicholas_Church_(Lesser_Town)" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Nicholas Church (Lesser Town)">Saint Nicholas Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Our_Lady_Victorious" class="mw-redirect" title="Church of Our Lady Victorious">Church of Our Lady Victorious</a> and <a href="/wiki/Infant_Jesus_of_Prague" title="Infant Jesus of Prague">Infant Jesus of Prague</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P%C3%ADsek_Gate" title="Písek Gate">Písek Gate</a>, one of the last preserved city gate of Baroque fortification</li> <li>Petřín Hill with <a href="/wiki/Pet%C5%99%C3%ADn_Lookout_Tower" title="Petřín Lookout Tower">Petřín Lookout Tower</a>, Mirror Maze and <a href="/wiki/Pet%C5%99%C3%ADn_funicular" title="Petřín funicular">Petřín funicular</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lennon_Wall" title="Lennon Wall">Lennon Wall</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Franz_Kafka_Museum" title="Franz Kafka Museum">Franz Kafka Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kampa_Island" title="Kampa Island">Kampa Island</a>, an island with a view of the Charles Bridge<sup id="cite_ref-YourCzechRepublic.cz_118-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-YourCzechRepublic.cz-118"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>The Baroque <a href="/wiki/Wallenstein_Palace" title="Wallenstein Palace">Wallenstein Palace</a> with its garden</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Old_Town_(Staré_Město)_and_Josefov"><span id="Old_Town_.28Star.C3.A9_M.C4.9Bsto.29_and_Josefov"></span>Old Town (Staré Město) and Josefov</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prague&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Old Town (Staré Město) and Josefov"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115" /><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ul><li>The <a href="/wiki/Prague_Astronomical_Clock" class="mw-redirect" title="Prague Astronomical Clock">Astronomical Clock</a> (Orloj) on <a href="/wiki/Old_Town_(Prague)" title="Old Town (Prague)">Old Town</a> City Hall</li> <li>The Gothic <a href="/wiki/Church_of_Our_Lady_before_T%C3%BDn" title="Church of Our Lady before Týn">Church of Our Lady before Týn</a> (Kostel Matky Boží před Týnem) from the 14th century with 80 m high towers</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stone_Bell_House" title="Stone Bell House">Stone Bell House</a></li> <li>The vaulted Gothic <a href="/wiki/Old_New_Synagogue" title="Old New Synagogue">Old New Synagogue</a> (Staronová Synagoga) of 1270</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Jewish_Cemetery,_Prague" title="Old Jewish Cemetery, Prague">Old Jewish Cemetery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Powder_Tower,_Prague" title="Powder Tower, Prague">Powder Tower</a> (Prašná brána), a Gothic tower of the old city gates</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Synagogue_(Prague)" title="Spanish Synagogue (Prague)">Spanish Synagogue</a> with its elaborate interior decoration</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Town_Square_(Prague)" class="mw-redirect" title="Old Town Square (Prague)">Old Town Square</a> (Staroměstské náměstí) with gothic and baroque architectural styles</li> <li>The art nouveau <a href="/wiki/Municipal_House" title="Municipal House">Municipal House</a>, a major civic landmark and concert hall known for its <a href="/wiki/Art_Nouveau" title="Art Nouveau">Art Nouveau</a> architectural style and political history in the Czech Republic.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Decorative_Arts_in_Prague" title="Museum of Decorative Arts in Prague">Museum of Decorative Arts in Prague</a>, with an extensive collections including glass, furniture, textile, toys, Art Nouveau, Cubism and Art Deco</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clam-Gallas_Palace" title="Clam-Gallas Palace">Clam-Gallas Palace</a>, a baroque palace from 1713</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_St._Martin_in_the_Wall" title="Church of St. Martin in the Wall">Church of St. Martin in the Wall</a></li> <li>Colloredo-Mansfeld Palace, with elements of High <a href="/wiki/Baroque" title="Baroque">Baroque</a> and the later <a href="/wiki/Rococo" title="Rococo">Rococo</a> and Second-Rococo adaptations. Known today for its well-preserved dance hall<sup id="cite_ref-119" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-119"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>118<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-120" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-120"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>119<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Clement%27s_Cathedral,_Prague" title="St. Clement's Cathedral, Prague">St. Clement's Cathedral, Prague</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="New_Town_(Nové_Město)"><span id="New_Town_.28Nov.C3.A9_M.C4.9Bsto.29"></span>New Town (Nové Město)</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prague&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: New Town (Nové Město)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115" /><div class="div-col"> <ul><li>Busy and historic <a href="/wiki/Wenceslas_Square" title="Wenceslas Square">Wenceslas Square</a></li> <li>The neo-renaissance <a href="/wiki/National_Museum_(Prague)" title="National Museum (Prague)">National Museum</a> with large scientific and historical collections at the head of Wenceslas Square. It is the largest museum in the Czech Republic, covering disciplines from the natural sciences to specialized areas of the social sciences. The staircase of the building offers a nice view of the New Town.</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/National_Theatre_(Prague)" title="National Theatre (Prague)">National Theatre</a>, a neo-Renaissance building with golden roof, alongside the banks of the Vltava river</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Deconstructivism" title="Deconstructivism">deconstructivist</a> <a href="/wiki/Dancing_House" title="Dancing House">Dancing House</a> (Fred and Ginger Building)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Square" title="Charles Square">Charles Square</a>, the largest medieval square in Europe (now turned into a park)</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Emmaus_monastery" class="mw-redirect" title="Emmaus monastery">Emmaus monastery</a> and <span class="nowrap">WW I Memorial</span> "Prague to Its Victorious Sons" at Palacky Square (Palackého náměstí)</li> <li>The museum of the <a href="/wiki/Operation_Anthropoid" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Anthropoid">Heydrich assassination</a> in the crypt of the <a href="/wiki/Orthodox_Cathedral_of_Saints_Cyril_and_Methodius" class="mw-redirect" title="Orthodox Cathedral of Saints Cyril and Methodius">Church of Saints Cyril and Methodius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Stiassny" title="Wilhelm Stiassny">Stiassny</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Jubilee_Synagogue" title="Jubilee Synagogue">Jubilee Synagogue</a> is the largest in Prague</li> <li>The Mucha Museum, showcasing the <a href="/wiki/Art_Nouveau" title="Art Nouveau">Art Nouveau</a> works of <a href="/wiki/Alphonse_Mucha" title="Alphonse Mucha">Alphonse Mucha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_St._Apollinaire,_Prague" title="Church of St. Apollinaire, Prague">Church of St. Apollinaire, Prague</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Saint_Michael_the_Archangel_in_Prague" title="Church of Saint Michael the Archangel in Prague">Church of Saint Michael the Archangel in Prague</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_Assumption_of_the_Virgin_Mary_and_St._Charles_the_Great,_Prague" title="Church of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary and St. Charles the Great, Prague">Church of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary and St. Charles the Great, Prague</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Our_Lady_on_the_Lawn" title="Church of Our Lady on the Lawn">Church of Our Lady on the Lawn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Wenceslas_Church_(Zderaz)" title="St. Wenceslas Church (Zderaz)">St. Wenceslas Church (Zderaz)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Stephen%27s_Church,_Prague" title="St. Stephen's Church, Prague">St. Stephen's Church</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Vinohrady_and_Žižkov"><span id="Vinohrady_and_.C5.BDi.C5.BEkov"></span>Vinohrady and Žižkov</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prague&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Vinohrady and Žižkov"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115" /><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Monument_in_Vitkov" class="mw-redirect" title="National Monument in Vitkov">National Monument in Vitkov</a> with a large bronze equestrian statue of <a href="/wiki/Jan_%C5%BDi%C5%BEka" title="Jan Žižka">Jan Žižka</a> in Vítkov Park, Žižkov – <a href="/wiki/Prague_3" title="Prague 3">Prague 3</a></li> <li>The neo-Gothic <a href="/wiki/Church_of_St._Ludmila" class="mw-redirect" title="Church of St. Ludmila">Church of St. Ludmila</a> at Míru Square in <a href="/wiki/Vinohrady" title="Vinohrady">Vinohrady</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%BDi%C5%BEkov_Television_Tower" title="Žižkov Television Tower">Žižkov Television Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Jewish_Cemetery,_Prague" title="New Jewish Cemetery, Prague">New Jewish Cemetery</a> in Olšany, location of <a href="/wiki/Franz_Kafka" title="Franz Kafka">Franz Kafka</a>'s grave – <a href="/wiki/Prague_3" title="Prague 3">Prague 3</a></li> <li>The Roman Catholic <a href="/wiki/Sacred_Heart_Church_(Prague)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sacred Heart Church (Prague)">Sacred Heart Church</a> at Jiřího z Poděbrad Square</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Vinohrady" title="Vinohrady">Vinohrady</a> grand Neo-Renaissance, Art Nouveau, Pseudo Baroque, and Neo-Gothic buildings in the area between Míru Square, <a href="/wiki/Ji%C5%99%C3%ADho_z_Pod%C4%9Bbrad_Square" title="Jiřího z Poděbrad Square">Jiřího z Poděbrad Square</a> and Havlíčkovy sady park<sup id="cite_ref-121" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-121"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>120<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Other_places">Other places</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prague&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Other places"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115" /><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vy%C5%A1ehrad" title="Vyšehrad">Vyšehrad Castle</a> with <a href="/wiki/Basilica_of_St_Peter_and_St_Paul" class="mw-redirect" title="Basilica of St Peter and St Paul">Basilica of St Peter and St Paul</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vy%C5%A1ehrad_cemetery" class="mw-redirect" title="Vyšehrad cemetery">Vyšehrad cemetery</a> and Prague oldest Rotunda of St. Martin</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Prague_Metronome" title="Prague Metronome">Prague Metronome</a> at <a href="/wiki/Letn%C3%A1_Park" title="Letná Park">Letná Park</a>, a giant, functional metronome that looms over the city</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prague_Zoo" title="Prague Zoo">Prague Zoo</a> in <a href="/wiki/Troja_(Prague)" title="Troja (Prague)">Troja</a>, selected as the 7th best zoo in the world by <i><a href="/wiki/Forbes" title="Forbes">Forbes</a></i> magazine in 2007<sup id="cite_ref-forbes-zoo_122-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-forbes-zoo-122"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>121<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the 4th best by <a href="/wiki/TripAdvisor" class="mw-redirect" title="TripAdvisor">TripAdvisor</a> in 2015<sup id="cite_ref-123" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-123"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>122<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C3%BDstavi%C5%A1t%C4%9B_Praha#Industrial_Palace" title="Výstaviště Praha">Industrial Palace</a> (Průmyslový palác), <a href="/wiki/V%C3%BDstavi%C5%A1t%C4%9B_Praha#Křižík's_light_fountain" title="Výstaviště Praha">Křižík's Light fountain</a>, funfair <a href="/wiki/Lunapark,_Prague" class="mw-redirect" title="Lunapark, Prague">Lunapark</a> and Sea World Aquarium in <a href="/wiki/V%C3%BDstavi%C5%A1t%C4%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="Výstaviště">Výstaviště compound</a> in <a href="/wiki/Hole%C5%A1ovice" title="Holešovice">Holešovice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Letohr%C3%A1dek_Hv%C4%9Bzda" title="Letohrádek Hvězda">Letohrádek Hvězda</a> (Star Villa) in <a href="/wiki/Liboc" title="Liboc">Liboc</a>, a renaissance villa in the shape of a six-pointed star surrounded by a game reserve</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Gallery_in_Prague" class="mw-redirect" title="National Gallery in Prague">National Gallery in Prague</a> with large collection of Czech and international paintings and sculptures by artists such as <a href="/wiki/Alphonse_Mucha" title="Alphonse Mucha">Mucha</a>, <a href="/wiki/Franti%C5%A1ek_Kupka" title="František Kupka">Kupka</a>, <a href="/wiki/Picasso" class="mw-redirect" title="Picasso">Picasso</a>, <a href="/wiki/Monet" class="mw-redirect" title="Monet">Monet</a> and <a href="/wiki/Van_Gogh" class="mw-redirect" title="Van Gogh">Van Gogh</a></li> <li>Opera performances in <a href="/wiki/National_Theatre_(Prague)" title="National Theatre (Prague)">National Theatre</a> – unlike drama, all opera performances run with English subtitles.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/And%C4%9Bl_(neighborhood)" title="Anděl (neighborhood)">Anděl</a>, a busy part of the city with modern architecture and a <a href="/wiki/Nov%C3%BD_Sm%C3%ADchov" title="Nový Smíchov">shopping mall</a></li> <li>The large <a href="/wiki/Nusle_Bridge" title="Nusle Bridge">Nusle Bridge</a>, spans the <a href="/wiki/Nusle" title="Nusle">Nusle</a> Valley, linking New Town to <a href="/wiki/Pankr%C3%A1c" title="Pankrác">Pankrác</a>, with the Metro running underneath the road</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strahov_Monastery" title="Strahov Monastery">Strahov Monastery</a>, an old Czech <a href="/wiki/Premonstratensian" class="mw-redirect" title="Premonstratensian">premonstratensian</a> abbey founded in 1149 and monastic library</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hotel_International_Prague" class="mw-redirect" title="Hotel International Prague">Hotel International Prague</a>, a four-star hotel and Czech cultural monument</li></ul> </div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Prague_07-2016_view_from_Lesser_Town_Tower_of_Charles_Bridge_img3.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Charles Bridge is a historic bridge from the 14th century."><img alt="The Charles Bridge is a historic bridge from the 14th century." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Prague_07-2016_view_from_Lesser_Town_Tower_of_Charles_Bridge_img3.jpg/120px-Prague_07-2016_view_from_Lesser_Town_Tower_of_Charles_Bridge_img3.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Prague_07-2016_view_from_Lesser_Town_Tower_of_Charles_Bridge_img3.jpg/180px-Prague_07-2016_view_from_Lesser_Town_Tower_of_Charles_Bridge_img3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Prague_07-2016_view_from_Lesser_Town_Tower_of_Charles_Bridge_img3.jpg/240px-Prague_07-2016_view_from_Lesser_Town_Tower_of_Charles_Bridge_img3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4555" data-file-height="3037" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The <a href="/wiki/Charles_Bridge" title="Charles Bridge">Charles Bridge</a> is a historic bridge from the 14th century.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Night_view_of_the_Castle_and_Charles_Bridge,_Prague_-_8034.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Prague Castle is the biggest ancient castle in the world."><img alt="Prague Castle is the biggest ancient castle in the world." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Night_view_of_the_Castle_and_Charles_Bridge%2C_Prague_-_8034.jpg/120px-Night_view_of_the_Castle_and_Charles_Bridge%2C_Prague_-_8034.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Night_view_of_the_Castle_and_Charles_Bridge%2C_Prague_-_8034.jpg/180px-Night_view_of_the_Castle_and_Charles_Bridge%2C_Prague_-_8034.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Night_view_of_the_Castle_and_Charles_Bridge%2C_Prague_-_8034.jpg/240px-Night_view_of_the_Castle_and_Charles_Bridge%2C_Prague_-_8034.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4368" data-file-height="2912" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Prague_Castle" title="Prague Castle">Prague Castle</a> is the biggest ancient castle in the world.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:N%C3%A1rodn%C3%AD_divadlo_ze_St%C5%99eleck%C3%A9ho_ostrova.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="National Theatre offers opera, drama, ballet and other performances."><img alt="National Theatre offers opera, drama, ballet and other performances." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/N%C3%A1rodn%C3%AD_divadlo_ze_St%C5%99eleck%C3%A9ho_ostrova.jpg/120px-N%C3%A1rodn%C3%AD_divadlo_ze_St%C5%99eleck%C3%A9ho_ostrova.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/N%C3%A1rodn%C3%AD_divadlo_ze_St%C5%99eleck%C3%A9ho_ostrova.jpg/250px-N%C3%A1rodn%C3%AD_divadlo_ze_St%C5%99eleck%C3%A9ho_ostrova.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="3713" data-file-height="2475" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/National_Theatre_(Prague)" title="National Theatre (Prague)">National Theatre</a> offers opera, drama, ballet and other performances.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:N%C3%A1m%C4%9Bst%C3%AD_M%C3%ADru_sv._Ludmila.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Náměstí Míru Square with Vinohrady Theatre and Church of St. Ludmila"><img alt="Náměstí Míru Square with Vinohrady Theatre and Church of St. Ludmila" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/N%C3%A1m%C4%9Bst%C3%AD_M%C3%ADru_sv._Ludmila.jpg/90px-N%C3%A1m%C4%9Bst%C3%AD_M%C3%ADru_sv._Ludmila.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/N%C3%A1m%C4%9Bst%C3%AD_M%C3%ADru_sv._Ludmila.jpg/135px-N%C3%A1m%C4%9Bst%C3%AD_M%C3%ADru_sv._Ludmila.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/N%C3%A1m%C4%9Bst%C3%AD_M%C3%ADru_sv._Ludmila.jpg/180px-N%C3%A1m%C4%9Bst%C3%AD_M%C3%ADru_sv._Ludmila.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1536" data-file-height="2048" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Náměstí Míru Square with <a href="/wiki/Vinohrady" title="Vinohrady">Vinohrady</a> Theatre and <a href="/wiki/Church_of_St._Ludmila" class="mw-redirect" title="Church of St. Ludmila">Church of St. Ludmila</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Vy%C5%A1ehrad,_z_C%C3%ADsa%C5%99sk%C3%A9_louky.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vyšehrad fortress contains Basilica of St Peter and St Paul, the Vyšehrad Cemetery and the oldest Rotunda of St. Martin."><img alt="Vyšehrad fortress contains Basilica of St Peter and St Paul, the Vyšehrad Cemetery and the oldest Rotunda of St. Martin." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Vy%C5%A1ehrad%2C_z_C%C3%ADsa%C5%99sk%C3%A9_louky.jpg/120px-Vy%C5%A1ehrad%2C_z_C%C3%ADsa%C5%99sk%C3%A9_louky.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Vy%C5%A1ehrad%2C_z_C%C3%ADsa%C5%99sk%C3%A9_louky.jpg/180px-Vy%C5%A1ehrad%2C_z_C%C3%ADsa%C5%99sk%C3%A9_louky.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Vy%C5%A1ehrad%2C_z_C%C3%ADsa%C5%99sk%C3%A9_louky.jpg/240px-Vy%C5%A1ehrad%2C_z_C%C3%ADsa%C5%99sk%C3%A9_louky.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Vy%C5%A1ehrad" title="Vyšehrad">Vyšehrad</a> fortress contains <a href="/wiki/Basilica_of_St_Peter_and_St_Paul" class="mw-redirect" title="Basilica of St Peter and St Paul">Basilica of St Peter and St Paul</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Vy%C5%A1ehrad_Cemetery" title="Vyšehrad Cemetery">Vyšehrad Cemetery</a> and the oldest Rotunda of St. Martin.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Praha,_Letn%C3%A1,_pohled_na_Pa%C5%99%C3%AD%C5%BEskou_ulici.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="View of Pařížská St. from Letná Park"><img alt="View of Pařížská St. from Letná Park" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Praha%2C_Letn%C3%A1%2C_pohled_na_Pa%C5%99%C3%AD%C5%BEskou_ulici.JPG/120px-Praha%2C_Letn%C3%A1%2C_pohled_na_Pa%C5%99%C3%AD%C5%BEskou_ulici.JPG" decoding="async" width="80" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Praha%2C_Letn%C3%A1%2C_pohled_na_Pa%C5%99%C3%AD%C5%BEskou_ulici.JPG/250px-Praha%2C_Letn%C3%A1%2C_pohled_na_Pa%C5%99%C3%AD%C5%BEskou_ulici.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1440" data-file-height="2160" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">View of Pařížská St. from <a href="/wiki/Letn%C3%A1_Park" title="Letná Park">Letná Park</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Prazske-vystaviste-holesovice.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Výstaviště compound contains Průmyslový palác, Křižík's Light Fountain and host funfair Lunapark."><img alt="Výstaviště compound contains Průmyslový palác, Křižík's Light Fountain and host funfair Lunapark." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Prazske-vystaviste-holesovice.jpg/120px-Prazske-vystaviste-holesovice.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="84" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Prazske-vystaviste-holesovice.jpg/180px-Prazske-vystaviste-holesovice.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Prazske-vystaviste-holesovice.jpg/240px-Prazske-vystaviste-holesovice.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="713" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/V%C3%BDstavi%C5%A1t%C4%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="Výstaviště">Výstaviště</a> compound contains Průmyslový palác, <a href="/wiki/Franti%C5%A1ek_K%C5%99i%C5%BE%C3%ADk" title="František Křižík">Křižík's</a> <a href="/wiki/Musical_fountain" title="Musical fountain">Light Fountain</a> and host funfair <a href="/wiki/Amusement_park_at_Prague_Fairground" title="Amusement park at Prague Fairground">Lunapark</a>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Prague_Praha_2014_Holmstad_flott_gammelnye_synagoge_old-new_synagogue_Josefov.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Old New Synagogue is Europe's oldest active synagogue. Legend has Golem lying in the loft."><img alt="Old New Synagogue is Europe's oldest active synagogue. Legend has Golem lying in the loft." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Prague_Praha_2014_Holmstad_flott_gammelnye_synagoge_old-new_synagogue_Josefov.jpg/80px-Prague_Praha_2014_Holmstad_flott_gammelnye_synagoge_old-new_synagogue_Josefov.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Prague_Praha_2014_Holmstad_flott_gammelnye_synagoge_old-new_synagogue_Josefov.jpg/120px-Prague_Praha_2014_Holmstad_flott_gammelnye_synagoge_old-new_synagogue_Josefov.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Prague_Praha_2014_Holmstad_flott_gammelnye_synagoge_old-new_synagogue_Josefov.jpg/160px-Prague_Praha_2014_Holmstad_flott_gammelnye_synagoge_old-new_synagogue_Josefov.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="5184" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Old_New_Synagogue" title="Old New Synagogue">Old New Synagogue</a> is Europe's oldest active synagogue. Legend has <a href="/wiki/Golem" title="Golem">Golem</a> lying in the loft.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Praha,_V%C3%ADtkov,_pam%C3%A1tn%C3%ADk_II.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="National Monument on Vítkov Hill, the statue of Jan Žižka is the third largest bronze equestrian statue in the world."><img alt="National Monument on Vítkov Hill, the statue of Jan Žižka is the third largest bronze equestrian statue in the world." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Praha%2C_V%C3%ADtkov%2C_pam%C3%A1tn%C3%ADk_II.JPG/120px-Praha%2C_V%C3%ADtkov%2C_pam%C3%A1tn%C3%ADk_II.JPG" decoding="async" width="80" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Praha%2C_V%C3%ADtkov%2C_pam%C3%A1tn%C3%ADk_II.JPG/250px-Praha%2C_V%C3%ADtkov%2C_pam%C3%A1tn%C3%ADk_II.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1440" data-file-height="2160" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/National_Monument_on_V%C3%ADtkov" class="mw-redirect" title="National Monument on Vítkov">National Monument on Vítkov</a> Hill, the statue of <a href="/wiki/Jan_%C5%BDi%C5%BEka" title="Jan Žižka">Jan Žižka</a> is the third largest bronze <a href="/wiki/Equestrian_statue" title="Equestrian statue">equestrian statue</a> in the world.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Prague_Zoo_main_entrance.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Prague Zoo, selected in 2015 as the fourth best zoo in the world by TripAdvisor"><img alt="Prague Zoo, selected in 2015 as the fourth best zoo in the world by TripAdvisor" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Prague_Zoo_main_entrance.JPG/120px-Prague_Zoo_main_entrance.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Prague_Zoo_main_entrance.JPG/180px-Prague_Zoo_main_entrance.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Prague_Zoo_main_entrance.JPG/240px-Prague_Zoo_main_entrance.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1984" data-file-height="1488" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Prague_Zoo" title="Prague Zoo">Prague Zoo</a>, selected in 2015 as the fourth best zoo in the world by <a href="/wiki/TripAdvisor" class="mw-redirect" title="TripAdvisor">TripAdvisor</a></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tourism_statistics">Tourism statistics</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prague&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Tourism statistics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Prague is by far the most visited Czech city. In 2023, Prague was visited by 7,442,614 guests who stayed overnight, of which 78.8% were from abroad. Average number of overnight stays of non-residents was 2.3. Most non-residents arriving to Prague and staying overnight were from the following countries:<sup id="cite_ref-124" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-124"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>123<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Rank </th> <th>Country </th> <th>2023 </th> <th>2019 </th></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td><b>Total</b></td> <td><b>7,442,614</b></td> <td><b>6,803,741</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a></td> <td>1,029,856</td> <td>900,526 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png 2x" data-file-width="69" data-file-height="39" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></td> <td>424,346</td> <td>511,950 </td></tr> <tr> <td>3</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></td> <td>399,185</td> <td>495,728 </td></tr> <tr> <td>4</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Slovakia" title="Slovakia">Slovakia</a></td> <td>369,868</td> <td>310,966 </td></tr> <tr> <td>5</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a></td> <td>331,834</td> <td>252,633 </td></tr> <tr> <td>6</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/40px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/60px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a></td> <td>324,696</td> <td>335,101 </td></tr> <tr> <td>7</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/40px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/60px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a></td> <td>200,370</td> <td>248,911 </td></tr> <tr> <td>8</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/45px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a></td> <td>198,134</td> <td>170,305 </td></tr> <tr> <td>9</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/40px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/60px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a></td> <td>194,571</td> <td>227,345 </td></tr> <tr> <td>10</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a></td> <td>162,753</td> <td>148,520 </td></tr> <tr> <td>11</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/40px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/60px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea">South Korea</a></td> <td>155,583</td> <td>272,451 </td></tr> <tr> <td>12</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a></td> <td>151,259</td> <td>132,500 </td></tr> <tr> <td>13</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/40px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/60px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary">Hungary</a></td> <td>104,924</td> <td>108,175 </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a></td> <td>23,517</td> <td>392,968 </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Mainland_China" title="Mainland China">Mainland China</a></td> <td>63,253</td> <td>309,299 </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>In 2023, the most visited tourist destinations of Prague were:<sup id="cite_ref-125" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-125"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>124<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Rank </th> <th>Destination </th> <th>Number of visitors<br />(in thousands) </th></tr> <tr> <td>1</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Prague_Castle" title="Prague Castle">Prague Castle</a></td> <td>2,191.8 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pet%C5%99%C3%ADn_funicular" title="Petřín funicular">Petřín funicular</a></td> <td>1,915.7 </td></tr> <tr> <td>3</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Prague_Zoo" title="Prague Zoo">Prague Zoo</a></td> <td>1,358.4 </td></tr> <tr> <td>4</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pet%C5%99%C3%ADn_Lookout_Tower" title="Petřín Lookout Tower">Petřín Lookout Tower</a></td> <td>643.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>5</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Old_Town_Hall_(Prague)" title="Old Town Hall (Prague)">Old Town Hall</a></td> <td>560.8 </td></tr> <tr> <td>6</td> <td><a href="/wiki/List_of_botanical_gardens_in_the_Czech_Republic" title="List of botanical gardens in the Czech Republic">Prague Botanical Garden</a></td> <td>412.9 </td></tr> <tr> <td>7</td> <td>Mirror Maze on Petřín Hill</td> <td>378.5 </td></tr> <tr> <td>8</td> <td>Království železnic Smíchov</td> <td>320.2 </td></tr> <tr> <td>9</td> <td>Chairlift in Prague Zoo</td> <td>305.6 </td></tr> <tr> <td>10</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Municipal_House" title="Municipal House">Municipal House</a></td> <td>261.0 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prague&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable selfref">See also: <a href="/wiki/Category:Education_in_Prague" title="Category:Education in Prague">Category:Education in Prague</a></div> <p>Nine public universities and thirty six private universities are located in the city, including:<sup id="cite_ref-126" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-126"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>125<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Public_universities">Public universities</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prague&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Public universities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:FFUK_Praha.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/FFUK_Praha.JPG/220px-FFUK_Praha.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/FFUK_Praha.JPG/330px-FFUK_Praha.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/FFUK_Praha.JPG/440px-FFUK_Praha.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3968" data-file-height="2232" /></a><figcaption>Charles University, founded in 1348, was the first university in Central Europe.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Vencovskeho_aula.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Vencovskeho_aula.JPG/220px-Vencovskeho_aula.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="163" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Vencovskeho_aula.JPG/330px-Vencovskeho_aula.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Vencovskeho_aula.JPG/440px-Vencovskeho_aula.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2477" data-file-height="1833" /></a><figcaption>University of Economics, Prague</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115" /><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charles_University" title="Charles University">Charles University</a> (UK) founded in 1348, the <a href="/wiki/List_of_oldest_universities_in_continuous_operation" title="List of oldest universities in continuous operation">oldest</a> university in Central Europe</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czech_Technical_University_in_Prague" title="Czech Technical University in Prague">Czech Technical University</a> (ČVUT) founded in 1707</li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Chemistry_and_Technology,_Prague" title="University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague">University of Chemistry and Technology</a> (VŠCHT) founded in 1920</li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Economics,_Prague" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Economics, Prague">University of Economics</a> (VŠE) founded in 1953</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czech_University_of_Life_Sciences_Prague" title="Czech University of Life Sciences Prague">Czech University of Life Sciences Prague</a> (ČZU) founded in 1906/1952</li> <li>Czech Police Academy (PA ČR) founded in 1993</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Public_arts_academies">Public arts academies</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prague&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Public arts academies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115" /><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Academy_of_Fine_Arts_in_Prague" class="mw-redirect" title="Academy of Fine Arts in Prague">Academy of Fine Arts</a> (AVU) founded in 1800</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Academy_of_Arts,_Architecture_and_Design_in_Prague" title="Academy of Arts, Architecture and Design in Prague">Academy of Arts, Architecture and Design</a> (VŠUP) founded in 1885</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Academy_of_Performing_Arts_in_Prague" title="Academy of Performing Arts in Prague">Academy of Performing Arts</a> (AMU) founded in 1945</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Private_universities">Private universities</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prague&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: Private universities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Jan Amos Komenský University (UJAK) founded in 2001</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_University_Prague" title="Metropolitan University Prague">Metropolitan University Prague</a> (MUP) founded in 2001</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_University_of_Finance_and_Administration" class="mw-redirect" title="The University of Finance and Administration">The University of Finance and Administration</a> (VSFS) founded in 1999</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Largest_private_colleges">Largest private colleges</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prague&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: Largest private colleges"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115" /><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_College_of_Business_in_Prague" title="University College of Business in Prague">University College of Business in Prague</a> (VŠO) founded in 2000</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Economics_and_Management&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="University of Economics and Management (page does not exist)">University of Economics and Management</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vysok%C3%A1_%C5%A1kola_ekonomie_a_managementu" class="extiw" title="cs:Vysoká škola ekonomie a managementu">cs</a>]</span> (VŠEM) founded in 2001</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=College_of_Entrepreneurship_and_Law&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="College of Entrepreneurship and Law (page does not exist)">College of Entrepreneurship and Law</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vysok%C3%A1_%C5%A1kola_podnik%C3%A1n%C3%AD_a_pr%C3%A1va" class="extiw" title="cs:Vysoká škola podnikání a práva">cs</a>]</span> (VŠPP) founded in 2000</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Institute_of_Hospitality_Management_in_Prague&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Institute of Hospitality Management in Prague (page does not exist)">Institute of Hospitality Management</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vysok%C3%A1_%C5%A1kola_hotelov%C3%A1_v_Praze_8" class="extiw" title="cs:Vysoká škola hotelová v Praze 8">cs</a>]</span> (VŠH) founded in 1999</li> <li><a href="/wiki/College_of_International_and_Public_Relations_Prague" title="College of International and Public Relations Prague">College of International and Public Relations Prague</a> (VŠMVV) founded in 2001</li> <li><a href="/wiki/CEVRO_Institute" title="CEVRO Institute">CEVRO Institute</a> (CEVRO) founded in 2005</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ambis_College" class="mw-redirect" title="Ambis College">Ambis College</a> (AMBIS) founded in 1994</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vysok%C3%A1_%C5%A1kola_zdravotnick%C3%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vysoká škola zdravotnická (page does not exist)">Medical College of Nursing</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q101064230#sitelinks-wikipedia" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q101064230"><span title="Wikidata list: "Vysoká škola zdravotnická" articles in other languages">Wikidata</span></a>]</span> (Vysoká škola zdravotnická) founded in 2005</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglo-American_College" class="mw-redirect" title="Anglo-American College">Anglo-American University</a> (AAVŠ) founded in 2000</li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_New_York_in_Prague" title="University of New York in Prague">University of New York in Prague</a> (UNYP) founded in 1998</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="International_institutions">International institutions</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prague&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: International institutions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115" /><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Instituto_Cam%C3%B5es" title="Instituto Camões">Instituto Camões</a></li> <li><span title="German-language text"><span lang="de" style="font-style: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Goethe-Institut" title="Goethe-Institut">Goethe-Institut</a></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Instituto_Cervantes" title="Instituto Cervantes">Instituto Cervantes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Council" title="British Council">British Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alliance_Fran%C3%A7aise" class="mw-redirect" title="Alliance Française">Alliance Française</a> and <a href="/wiki/Institut_Fran%C3%A7ais" title="Institut Français">Institut Français</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Istituto_Italiano_di_Cultura" title="Istituto Italiano di Cultura">Istituto Italiano di Cultura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adam_Mickiewicz_Institute" title="Adam Mickiewicz Institute">Adam Mickiewicz Institute</a> and <a href="/wiki/Polish_Institute" title="Polish Institute">Polish Institute</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Science,_research_and_hi-tech_centres"><span id="Science.2C_research_and_hi-tech_centres"></span>Science, research and hi-tech centres</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prague&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: Science, research and hi-tech centres"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable selfref">See also: <a href="/wiki/Category:Science_and_technology_in_the_Czech_Republic" title="Category:Science and technology in the Czech Republic">Category:Science and technology in the Czech Republic</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Praha_Hole%C5%A1ovice_EUSPA_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Praha_Hole%C5%A1ovice_EUSPA_1.jpg/250px-Praha_Hole%C5%A1ovice_EUSPA_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Praha_Hole%C5%A1ovice_EUSPA_1.jpg/330px-Praha_Hole%C5%A1ovice_EUSPA_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Praha_Hole%C5%A1ovice_EUSPA_1.jpg/500px-Praha_Hole%C5%A1ovice_EUSPA_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1180" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/European_Union_Agency_for_the_Space_Programme" title="European Union Agency for the Space Programme">EUSPA</a> Headquarters of the <a href="/wiki/Galileo_(satellite_navigation)" title="Galileo (satellite navigation)">Galileo</a> system in Prague's <a href="/wiki/Hole%C5%A1ovice" title="Holešovice">Holešovice</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The region city of Prague is an important centre of research. It is the seat of 39 out of 54 institutes of the <a href="/wiki/Czech_Academy_of_Sciences" title="Czech Academy of Sciences">Czech Academy of Sciences</a>, including the largest ones, the Institute of Physics, the Institute of Microbiology and the Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry. It is also a seat of 10 public research institutes, four <a href="/wiki/Business_incubator" title="Business incubator">business incubators</a> and large hospitals performing <a href="/wiki/Research_and_development" title="Research and development">research and development</a> activities such as the <a href="/wiki/Motol_University_Hospital" title="Motol University Hospital">Motol University Hospital</a> or <a href="/wiki/Institute_for_Clinical_and_Experimental_Medicine" title="Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine">Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine</a>, which was the largest transplant center in <a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a> as of 2019.<sup id="cite_ref-:02_127-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:02-127"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>126<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Universities seated in Prague (see section <i>Colleges and Universities</i>) also represent important centres of science and research activities. </p><p>As of 2008<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Prague&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, there were 13,000 researchers (out of 30,000 in the country, counted in full-time equivalents), representing a 3% share of Prague's economically active population. Gross expenditure on research and development accounted for €901.3 million (41.5% of country's total).<sup id="cite_ref-128" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-128"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>127<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Some well-known multinational companies have established research and development facilities in Prague, among them <a href="/wiki/Siemens" title="Siemens">Siemens</a>, <a href="/wiki/Honeywell" title="Honeywell">Honeywell</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oracle_Corporation" title="Oracle Corporation">Oracle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a> and <a href="/wiki/Broadcom_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Broadcom Inc.">Broadcom</a>. </p><p>Prague was selected to host administration of the EU satellite navigation system <a href="/wiki/Galileo_(satellite_navigation)" title="Galileo (satellite navigation)">Galileo</a>. It started to provide its first services in December 2016 and full completion is expected by 2020. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Transport">Transport</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prague&action=edit&section=40" title="Edit section: Transport"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As of 2017<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Prague&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, Prague's transport <a href="/wiki/Modal_share" title="Modal share">modal share</a> by journey was 52% public transport, 24.5% by car, 22.4% on foot, 0.4% by bicycle and 0.5% by aeroplane.<sup id="cite_ref-129" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-129"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>128<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Public_transportation">Public transportation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prague&action=edit&section=41" title="Edit section: Public transportation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Prague_07-2016_tram_at_Florenc.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Prague_07-2016_tram_at_Florenc.jpg/220px-Prague_07-2016_tram_at_Florenc.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Prague_07-2016_tram_at_Florenc.jpg/330px-Prague_07-2016_tram_at_Florenc.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Prague_07-2016_tram_at_Florenc.jpg/440px-Prague_07-2016_tram_at_Florenc.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4923" data-file-height="3282" /></a><figcaption>Škoda 15 T, tram of the Prague tram system</figcaption></figure> <p>The public transport infrastructure consists of the heavily used <a href="/wiki/Prague_Integrated_Transport" title="Prague Integrated Transport">Prague Integrated Transport</a> (PID, <i>Pražská integrovaná doprava</i>) system, consisting of the <a href="/wiki/Prague_Metro" title="Prague Metro">Prague Metro</a> (lines <a href="/wiki/Line_A_(Prague_Metro)" title="Line A (Prague Metro)">A</a>, <a href="/wiki/Line_B_(Prague_Metro)" title="Line B (Prague Metro)">B</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Line_C_(Prague_Metro)" title="Line C (Prague Metro)">C</a> – its length is 65 km (40 mi) with 61 stations in total), <a href="/wiki/Trams_in_Prague" title="Trams in Prague">Prague tram system</a>, <a href="/wiki/Buses_in_Prague" title="Buses in Prague">Prague buses service</a>, <a href="/wiki/Esko_Prague" title="Esko Prague">commuter trains</a>, <a href="/wiki/Funicular" title="Funicular">funiculars</a>, and seven <a href="/wiki/Ferry" title="Ferry">ferries</a>. Prague has one of the highest rates of public transport usage in the world,<sup id="cite_ref-130" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-130"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>129<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with 1.2 billion passenger journeys per year. </p><p>Prague has about 300 bus lines (numbers 100–960) and 34 regular tram lines (numbers 1–26 and 91–99). As of 2022 the bus lines are being extended with <a href="/wiki/Trolley_bus" class="mw-redirect" title="Trolley bus">trolley bus</a> lines. </p><p>There are also three <a href="/wiki/Funicular" title="Funicular">funiculars</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Pet%C5%99%C3%ADn_funicular" title="Petřín funicular">Petřín funicular</a> on <a href="/wiki/Pet%C5%99%C3%ADn_Hill" class="mw-redirect" title="Petřín Hill">Petřín Hill</a>, one on Mrázovka Hill and a third at the <a href="/wiki/Prague_Zoo" title="Prague Zoo">Zoo in Troja</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Prague_-_bus_112.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Prague_-_bus_112.jpg/250px-Prague_-_bus_112.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="126" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Prague_-_bus_112.jpg/330px-Prague_-_bus_112.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Prague_-_bus_112.jpg/500px-Prague_-_bus_112.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3728" data-file-height="2128" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/SOR_NB_18" title="SOR NB 18">SOR NB 18</a> of the Prague buses service next to the Prague Zoo</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Trams_in_Prague" title="Trams in Prague">The Prague tram system</a> now operates various types of trams, including the <a href="/wiki/Tatra_T3" title="Tatra T3">Tatra T3</a>, newer <a href="/wiki/Tatra_KT8D5" title="Tatra KT8D5">Tatra KT8D5</a>, <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0koda_14_T" class="mw-redirect" title="Škoda 14 T">Škoda 14 T</a> (designed by <a href="/wiki/Porsche_Design_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="Porsche Design Group">Porsche</a>), newer modern <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0koda_15_T" class="mw-redirect" title="Škoda 15 T">Škoda 15 T</a> and nostalgic tram lines 23 and 41. Around 400 vehicles are the modernized <a href="/wiki/Tatra_T3" title="Tatra T3">T3</a> class, which are typically operated coupled together in pairs. </p><p>The Prague tram system is the <a href="/wiki/Tram_and_light_rail_transit_systems" class="mw-redirect" title="Tram and light rail transit systems">twelfth longest</a> in the world (144 km) and its rolling stock consists of 786 individual cars,<sup id="cite_ref-131" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-131"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>130<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which is the largest in the world. The system carries more than 360 million passengers annually, the highest tram patronage in the world after <a href="/wiki/Budapest" title="Budapest">Budapest</a>, on a per capita basis, Prague has the second highest tram patronage after <a href="/wiki/Z%C3%BCrich" class="mw-redirect" title="Zürich">Zürich</a>. </p><p>All services (metro, tramways, city buses, funiculars and ferries) have a common ticketing system that operates on a <a href="/wiki/Proof-of-payment" title="Proof-of-payment">proof-of-payment</a> system. Basic transfer tickets can be bought for 30 and 90-minute rides, short-term tourist passes are available for periods of 24 hours or 3 days, and longer-term tickets can be bought on the smart ticketing system <a href="/wiki/L%C3%ADta%C4%8Dka" title="Lítačka">Lítačka</a>, for periods of one month, three months or one year.<sup id="cite_ref-132" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-132"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>131<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Since August 2021, people up to the age of 14 and over 65 can use Prague's public transport free of charge (proof of age is required). Persons between 15 and 18 years and between 60 and 64 years pay half price for single tickets and day tickets. </p><p>Services are run by the Prague Public Transport Company and several other companies. Since 2005 the <i>Regional Organiser of Prague Integrated Transport (ROPID)</i> has franchised operation of ferries on the <a href="/wiki/Vltava" title="Vltava">Vltava</a> river, which are also a part of the public transport system with common fares. <a href="/wiki/Taxicab" class="mw-redirect" title="Taxicab">Taxi</a> services make pick-ups on the streets or operate from regulated taxi stands. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Prague_Metro">Prague Metro</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prague&action=edit&section=42" title="Edit section: Prague Metro"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Prague_Metro" title="Prague Metro">Prague Metro</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Praha_-_Metro_-_Starom%C4%9Bstsk%C3%A1_(7503784584).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Praha_-_Metro_-_Starom%C4%9Bstsk%C3%A1_%287503784584%29.jpg/250px-Praha_-_Metro_-_Starom%C4%9Bstsk%C3%A1_%287503784584%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Praha_-_Metro_-_Starom%C4%9Bstsk%C3%A1_%287503784584%29.jpg/330px-Praha_-_Metro_-_Starom%C4%9Bstsk%C3%A1_%287503784584%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Praha_-_Metro_-_Starom%C4%9Bstsk%C3%A1_%287503784584%29.jpg/500px-Praha_-_Metro_-_Starom%C4%9Bstsk%C3%A1_%287503784584%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4096" data-file-height="3072" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Starom%C4%9Bstsk%C3%A1_(Prague_Metro)" title="Staroměstská (Prague Metro)">Staroměstská</a> metro station of Prague Metro</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Rapid_transit" title="Rapid transit">Metro</a> has three major lines extending throughout the city: <a href="/wiki/Line_A_(Prague_Metro)" title="Line A (Prague Metro)">A</a> (green), <a href="/wiki/Line_B_(Prague_Metro)" title="Line B (Prague Metro)">B</a> (yellow) and <a href="/wiki/Line_C_(Prague_Metro)" title="Line C (Prague Metro)">C</a> (red). A fourth Metro <a href="/wiki/Line_D_(Prague_Metro)" title="Line D (Prague Metro)">line D</a> is under construction, which will connect the city centre to southern parts of the city (as of 2022, the completion is expected in 2028).<sup id="cite_ref-133" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-133"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>132<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-134" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-134"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>133<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Prague Metro system served 589.2 million passengers in 2012,<sup id="cite_ref-annual-report-2012_135-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-annual-report-2012-135"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>134<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> making it the <a href="/wiki/List_of_metro_systems" title="List of metro systems">fifth busiest metro system in Europe</a> and the most-patronised in the world on a per capita basis. The first section of the Prague metro was put into operation in 1974. It was the stretch between stations <a href="/wiki/Ka%C4%8Derov" class="mw-redirect" title="Kačerov">Kačerov</a> and <a href="/wiki/Florenc_(Prague_Metro)" title="Florenc (Prague Metro)">Florenc</a> on the current <a href="/wiki/Line_C_(Prague_Metro)" title="Line C (Prague Metro)">line C</a>. The first part of <a href="/wiki/Line_A_(Prague_Metro)" title="Line A (Prague Metro)">Line A</a> was opened in 1978 (<a href="/wiki/Dejvick%C3%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="Dejvická">Dejvická</a> – <a href="/wiki/N%C3%A1m%C4%9Bst%C3%AD_M%C3%ADru" class="mw-redirect" title="Náměstí Míru">Náměstí Míru</a>), the first part of <a href="/wiki/Line_B_(Prague_Metro)" title="Line B (Prague Metro)">line B</a> in 1985 (<a href="/wiki/And%C4%9Bl_(Prague_Metro)" title="Anděl (Prague Metro)">Anděl</a> – <a href="/wiki/Florenc_(Prague_Metro)" title="Florenc (Prague Metro)">Florenc</a>). </p><p>In April 2015, construction finished to extend the green line A further into the northwest corner of Prague closer to the airport.<sup id="cite_ref-136" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-136"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>135<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A new interchange station for the bus in the direction of the airport is the station <a href="/wiki/N%C3%A1dra%C5%BE%C3%AD_Veleslav%C3%ADn_(Prague_Metro)" title="Nádraží Veleslavín (Prague Metro)">Nádraží Veleslavín</a>. The final station of the green line is <a href="/wiki/Nemocnice_Motol" class="mw-redirect" title="Nemocnice Motol">Nemocnice Motol</a> (<a href="/wiki/Motol_University_Hospital" title="Motol University Hospital">Motol Hospital</a>), giving people direct public transportation access to the largest medical facility in the Czech Republic and one of the largest in Europe. A railway connection to the airport is planned. </p><p>In operation there are two kinds of units: "81-71M" which is modernized variant of the Soviet <a href="/wiki/Metrovagonmash_81-717/81-714" title="Metrovagonmash 81-717/81-714">Metrovagonmash 81-71</a> (completely modernized between 1995 and 2003) and new "<a href="/wiki/Metro_M1_(Prague)" title="Metro M1 (Prague)">Metro M1</a>" trains (since 2000), manufactured by consortium consisting of <a href="/wiki/Siemens" title="Siemens">Siemens</a>, <a href="/wiki/%C4%8CKD_(company)" class="mw-redirect" title="ČKD (company)">ČKD Praha</a> and <a href="/wiki/ADtranz" class="mw-redirect" title="ADtranz">ADtranz</a>. The minimum interval between two trains is 90 seconds. </p><p>The original Soviet vehicles "<a href="/wiki/Metrovagonmash_E%C4%8Ds" title="Metrovagonmash Ečs">Ečs</a>" were excluded in 1997, but one vehicle is placed in public transport museum in depot <a href="/wiki/St%C5%99e%C5%A1ovice" title="Střešovice">Střešovice</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-137" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-137"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>136<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/N%C3%A1m%C4%9Bst%C3%AD_M%C3%ADru" class="mw-redirect" title="Náměstí Míru">Náměstí Míru</a> metro station is the deepest station and is equipped with the longest <a href="/wiki/Escalator" title="Escalator">escalator</a> in <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Prague_metro" class="mw-redirect" title="Prague metro">Prague metro</a> is generally considered very safe. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Roads">Roads</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prague&action=edit&section=43" title="Edit section: Roads"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Barrande_bridge.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Barrande_bridge.JPG/250px-Barrande_bridge.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Barrande_bridge.JPG/330px-Barrande_bridge.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Barrande_bridge.JPG/500px-Barrande_bridge.JPG 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="720" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Barrandov_Bridge" title="Barrandov Bridge">Barrandov Bridge</a>, part of the Prague Inner Ring Road </figcaption></figure> <p>The main flow of traffic leads through the centre of the city and through inner and outer ring roads (partially in operation). </p> <ul><li><b>Inner Ring Road</b> (The City Ring "MO"): surrounds central Prague. It is the longest city <a href="/wiki/Tunnel" title="Tunnel">tunnel</a> in <a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a> with a length of 5.5 km (3.4 mi) and five interchanges has been completed to relieve congestion in the north-western part of Prague. Called <i><a href="/wiki/Blanka_tunnel_complex" title="Blanka tunnel complex">Blanka tunnel complex</a></i> and part of the City Ring Road, it was estimated to eventually cost (after several increases) <a href="/wiki/Czech_koruna" title="Czech koruna">CZK</a> 43 billion. Construction started in 2007 and, after repeated delays, the tunnel officially opened in September 2015. This tunnel complex completes a major part of the inner ring road.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/D0_expressway_(Czech_Republic)" class="mw-redirect" title="D0 expressway (Czech Republic)">Outer Ring Road</a> (The Prague Ring "D0")</b>: this ring road will connect all major motorways and speedways that meet each other in Prague region and provide faster transit without a necessity to drive through the city. So far 39 km (24 mi), out of a total planned 83 km (52 mi), is in operation. Most recently, the southern part of this road (with a length of more than 20 km (12 mi)) was opened on 22 September 2010.<sup id="cite_ref-138" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-138"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>137<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of 2021, the next 12 km (7 mi) section between <a href="/wiki/Modletice" title="Modletice">Modletice</a> and <a href="/wiki/B%C4%9Bchovice" title="Běchovice">Běchovice</a> is planned to be completed in 2025.<sup id="cite_ref-139" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-139"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>138<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rail">Rail</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prague&action=edit&section=44" title="Edit section: Rail"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Praha-Hlavni-nadrazi-2022.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Praha-Hlavni-nadrazi-2022.jpg/250px-Praha-Hlavni-nadrazi-2022.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="151" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Praha-Hlavni-nadrazi-2022.jpg/330px-Praha-Hlavni-nadrazi-2022.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Praha-Hlavni-nadrazi-2022.jpg/500px-Praha-Hlavni-nadrazi-2022.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2616" data-file-height="1801" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Praha_hlavn%C3%AD_n%C3%A1dra%C5%BE%C3%AD" title="Praha hlavní nádraží">Prague main train station</a> is the largest and busiest train station in the country.</figcaption></figure> <p>The city forms the hub of the <a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cesk%C3%A9_dr%C3%A1hy" title="České dráhy">Czech railway</a> system, with services to all parts of the country and abroad. The railway system links Prague with major European cities (which can be reached without transfers), including <a href="/wiki/Dresden" title="Dresden">Dresden</a>, <a href="/wiki/Berlin" title="Berlin">Berlin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hamburg" title="Hamburg">Hamburg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Leipzig" title="Leipzig">Leipzig</a>, <a href="/wiki/Regensburg" title="Regensburg">Regensburg</a> and <a href="/wiki/Munich" title="Munich">Munich</a> (Germany); <a href="/wiki/Vienna" title="Vienna">Vienna</a>, <a href="/wiki/Graz" title="Graz">Graz</a> and <a href="/wiki/Linz" title="Linz">Linz</a> (Austria); <a href="/wiki/Warsaw" title="Warsaw">Warsaw</a>, <a href="/wiki/Krak%C3%B3w" title="Kraków">Kraków</a> and <a href="/wiki/Przemy%C5%9Bl" title="Przemyśl">Przemyśl</a> (Poland); <a href="/wiki/Bratislava" title="Bratislava">Bratislava</a>, <a href="/wiki/Poprad" title="Poprad">Poprad</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ko%C5%A1ice" title="Košice">Košice</a> (Slovakia); <a href="/wiki/Budapest" title="Budapest">Budapest</a> (Hungary); <a href="/wiki/Basel" title="Basel">Basel</a> and <a href="/wiki/Z%C3%BCrich" class="mw-redirect" title="Zürich">Zürich</a> (Switzerland). Travel times range between 2 hours to Dresden and 13 hours to Zürich.<sup id="cite_ref-140" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-140"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>139<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Prague's main international railway station is <a href="/wiki/Praha_hlavn%C3%AD_n%C3%A1dra%C5%BE%C3%AD" title="Praha hlavní nádraží">Hlavní nádraží</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-141" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-141"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>140<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> rail services are also available from other main stations: <a href="/wiki/Praha_Masarykovo_n%C3%A1dra%C5%BE%C3%AD" title="Praha Masarykovo nádraží">Masarykovo nádraží</a>, <a href="/wiki/Praha-Hole%C5%A1ovice_railway_station" title="Praha-Holešovice railway station">Holešovice</a> and <a href="/wiki/Praha-Sm%C3%ADchov_railway_station" title="Praha-Smíchov railway station">Smíchov</a>, in addition to suburban stations. Commuter rail services operate under the name <a href="/wiki/Esko_Prague" title="Esko Prague">Esko Praha</a>, which is part of <a href="/wiki/Prague_Integrated_Transport" title="Prague Integrated Transport">PID</a> (Prague Integrated Transport). </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Prago-Ruzyn%C4%9B,_flughaveno,_el-aera_vido,_7.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Prago-Ruzyn%C4%9B%2C_flughaveno%2C_el-aera_vido%2C_7.jpeg/220px-Prago-Ruzyn%C4%9B%2C_flughaveno%2C_el-aera_vido%2C_7.jpeg" decoding="async" width="220" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Prago-Ruzyn%C4%9B%2C_flughaveno%2C_el-aera_vido%2C_7.jpeg/330px-Prago-Ruzyn%C4%9B%2C_flughaveno%2C_el-aera_vido%2C_7.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Prago-Ruzyn%C4%9B%2C_flughaveno%2C_el-aera_vido%2C_7.jpeg/440px-Prago-Ruzyn%C4%9B%2C_flughaveno%2C_el-aera_vido%2C_7.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="4528" data-file-height="3088" /></a><figcaption>Václav Havel Airport Prague is one of the busiest airports in <a href="/wiki/Central_Europe" title="Central Europe">central Europe</a>, carrying 16.8 million passengers in 2018.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Air">Air</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prague&action=edit&section=45" title="Edit section: Air"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Prague is served by <a href="/wiki/V%C3%A1clav_Havel_Airport_Prague" title="Václav Havel Airport Prague">Václav Havel Airport Prague</a>, the largest airport in the Czech Republic and one of the largest and busiest airports in central and eastern <a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a>. The airport is the hub of carriers <a href="/wiki/Smartwings" title="Smartwings">Smartwings</a> and <a href="/wiki/Czech_Airlines" title="Czech Airlines">Czech Airlines</a> operating throughout Europe. Other airports in Prague include the city's <a href="/wiki/Prague%E2%80%93Kbely_Airport" title="Prague–Kbely Airport">original airport</a> in the north-eastern district of <a href="/wiki/Prague_19" title="Prague 19">Kbely</a>, which is serviced by the <a href="/wiki/Czech_Air_Force" title="Czech Air Force">Czech Air Force</a>, also internationally. It also houses the <a href="/wiki/Prague_Aviation_Museum,_Kbely" class="mw-redirect" title="Prague Aviation Museum, Kbely">Prague Aviation Museum</a>. The nearby Letňany Airport is mainly used for private aviation and aeroclub aviation. Another <a href="/wiki/Vodochody_Airport" title="Vodochody Airport">airport</a> in the proximity is <a href="/wiki/Aero_Vodochody" title="Aero Vodochody">Aero Vodochody</a> aircraft factory to the north, used for testing purposes, as well as for aeroclub aviation. There are a few aeroclubs around Prague, such as the <a href="/wiki/To%C4%8Dn%C3%A1_Airport" title="Točná Airport">Točná airfield</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cycling">Cycling</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prague&action=edit&section=46" title="Edit section: Cycling"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Cycling_in_Prague" title="Cycling in Prague">Cycling in Prague</a></div> <p>In 2018, 1–2.5 % of people commute by <a href="/wiki/Cycling_in_Prague" title="Cycling in Prague">bike in Prague</a>, depending on season. Cycling is very common as a sport or recreation.<sup id="cite_ref-142" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-142"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>141<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of 2019, there were 194 km (121 mi) of protected cycle paths and routes. Also, there were 50 km (31 mi) of <a href="/wiki/Bike_lane" title="Bike lane">bike lanes</a> and 26 km (16 mi) of specially marked bus lanes that are free to be used by cyclists.<sup id="cite_ref-143" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-143"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>142<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of 2024, there are four companies <a href="/wiki/Bicycle-sharing_system" title="Bicycle-sharing system">providing bicycle sharing</a> in Prague: <a href="/wiki/Rekola" title="Rekola">Rekola</a> (1,000 bikes), <a href="/wiki/Nextbike" title="Nextbike">Nextbike</a> (1,000 bikes), <a href="/wiki/Bolt_(company)" title="Bolt (company)">Bolt</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lime_(transportation_company)" title="Lime (transportation company)">Lime</a>. Bikesharing is partly connected to the public transportation and subsidised by the city. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sport">Sport</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prague&action=edit&section=47" title="Edit section: Sport"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Football_in_Prague" class="mw-redirect" title="Football in Prague">Football in Prague</a></div> <p>Prague is the site of many sports events, national stadiums and teams. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Teams">Teams</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prague&action=edit&section=48" title="Edit section: Teams"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AC_Sparta_Prague" title="AC Sparta Prague">Sparta Prague</a> (<a href="/wiki/Czech_First_League" title="Czech First League">Czech First League</a>) – football club</li> <li><a href="/wiki/SK_Slavia_Prague" title="SK Slavia Prague">Slavia Prague</a> (Czech First League) – football club</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bohemians_1905" title="Bohemians 1905">Bohemians 1905</a> (Czech First League) – football club</li> <li><a href="/wiki/FK_Dukla_Prague" title="FK Dukla Prague">Dukla Prague</a> (<a href="/wiki/Czech_National_Football_League" title="Czech National Football League">Czech 2nd Football League</a>) – football club</li> <li><a href="/wiki/FK_Viktoria_%C5%BDi%C5%BEkov" title="FK Viktoria Žižkov">Viktoria Žižkov</a> (<a href="/wiki/Czech_National_Football_League" title="Czech National Football League">Czech 2nd Football League</a>) – football club</li> <li><a href="/wiki/HC_Sparta_Praha" title="HC Sparta Praha">HC Sparta Praha</a> (<a href="/wiki/Czech_Extraliga" title="Czech Extraliga">Czech Extraliga</a>) – ice hockey club</li> <li><a href="/wiki/HC_Slavia_Praha" title="HC Slavia Praha">HC Slavia Praha</a> (<a href="/wiki/1st_Czech_Republic_Hockey_League" title="1st Czech Republic Hockey League">Czech 2nd Hockey League</a>) – ice hockey club</li> <li><a href="/wiki/USK_Praha" title="USK Praha">USK Praha</a> (<a href="/wiki/National_Basketball_League_(Czech_Republic)" title="National Basketball League (Czech Republic)">National Basketball League</a>) – basketball club</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prague_Lions" title="Prague Lions">Prague Lions</a> (<a href="/wiki/European_League_of_Football" title="European League of Football">European League of Football</a>) –American football</li> <li><a href="/wiki/AK_Mark%C3%A9ta_Praha" title="AK Markéta Praha">AK Markéta Praha</a> (speedway club)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=PSK_Olymp_Praha_(athletics)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="PSK Olymp Praha (athletics) (page does not exist)">PSK Olymp Praha</a> (athletics club)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Stadia_and_arenas">Stadia and arenas</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prague&action=edit&section=49" title="Edit section: Stadia and arenas"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:O2_Arena,_od_%C4%8Ceskomoravsk%C3%A9.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/O2_Arena%2C_od_%C4%8Ceskomoravsk%C3%A9.jpg/250px-O2_Arena%2C_od_%C4%8Ceskomoravsk%C3%A9.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/O2_Arena%2C_od_%C4%8Ceskomoravsk%C3%A9.jpg/330px-O2_Arena%2C_od_%C4%8Ceskomoravsk%C3%A9.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/O2_Arena%2C_od_%C4%8Ceskomoravsk%C3%A9.jpg/500px-O2_Arena%2C_od_%C4%8Ceskomoravsk%C3%A9.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1920" /></a><figcaption>The O2 Arena was built to host the <a href="/wiki/2004_Men%27s_Ice_Hockey_World_Championships" title="2004 Men's Ice Hockey World Championships">2004 Men's World Ice Hockey Championships</a>.</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/O2_Arena_(Prague)" title="O2 Arena (Prague)">O2 Arena</a> – the second largest ice hockey arena in Europe. It hosted <a href="/wiki/2004_IIHF_World_Championship" title="2004 IIHF World Championship">2004</a>, <a href="/wiki/2015_IIHF_World_Championship" title="2015 IIHF World Championship">2015 IIHF World Championship</a> and <a href="/wiki/2024_IIHF_World_Championship" title="2024 IIHF World Championship">2024</a>, <a href="/wiki/National_Hockey_League" title="National Hockey League">NHL</a> 2008 and 2010 Opening Game and <a href="/wiki/Euroleague" class="mw-redirect" title="Euroleague">Euroleague</a> Final Four.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Strahov_Stadium" title="Great Strahov Stadium">Strahov Stadium</a> – the largest stadium in the world.<sup id="cite_ref-ct24_144-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ct24-144"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>143<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fortuna_Arena" title="Fortuna Arena">Fortuna Arena</a>, football stadium</li> <li><a href="/wiki/I._%C4%8CLTK_Prague" title="I. ČLTK Prague">I. ČLTK Prague</a>, tennis club</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark%C3%A9ta_Stadium" title="Markéta Stadium">Markéta Stadium</a>, speedway and athletics stadium</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stadion_Juliska" title="Stadion Juliska">Stadion Juliska</a>, football and athletics stadium</li> <li>Gutovka– sport area with a large concrete <a href="/wiki/Skatepark" title="Skatepark">skatepark</a>, the highest outdoor <a href="/wiki/Climbing_wall" title="Climbing wall">climbing wall</a> in Central Europe, four <a href="/wiki/Beach_volleyball" title="Beach volleyball">beach volleyball</a> courts and children's playground;<sup id="cite_ref-145" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-145"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>144<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Central European Beach Volleyball Championship 2018 took place here.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Events">Events</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prague&action=edit&section=50" title="Edit section: Events"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prague_International_Marathon" class="mw-redirect" title="Prague International Marathon">Prague International Marathon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP_Prague_Open" class="mw-redirect" title="ATP Prague Open">Prague Open</a> – Tennis Tournament</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prague_Chess_Festival" title="Prague Chess Festival">Prague Chess Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sparta_Prague_Open" class="mw-redirect" title="Sparta Prague Open">Sparta Prague Open</a> – Tennis Tournament held at <a href="/wiki/TK_Sparta_Prague" title="TK Sparta Prague">TK Sparta Prague</a> in <a href="/wiki/Prague_7" title="Prague 7">Prague 7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josef_Odlo%C5%BEil_Memorial" title="Josef Odložil Memorial">Josef Odložil Memorial</a> – athletics meeting</li> <li>World <a href="/wiki/Ultimate_(sport)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ultimate (sport)">Ultimate</a> Club Championships 2010 concluded in Strahov and Eden Arena.<sup id="cite_ref-146" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-146"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>145<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Mystic SK8 Cup – <a href="/wiki/World_Cup_of_Skateboarding" title="World Cup of Skateboarding">World Cup of Skateboarding</a> venue held at the <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0tvanice" title="Štvanice">Štvanice</a> skatepark</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="International_relations">International relations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prague&action=edit&section=51" title="Edit section: International relations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:PetrinObservationTower.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/PetrinObservationTower.jpg/250px-PetrinObservationTower.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="262" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/PetrinObservationTower.jpg/330px-PetrinObservationTower.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/PetrinObservationTower.jpg/500px-PetrinObservationTower.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1040" data-file-height="1600" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Pet%C5%99%C3%ADn_Lookout_Tower" title="Petřín Lookout Tower">Petřín Lookout Tower</a>, an observation tower inspired by the <a href="/wiki/Eiffel_Tower" title="Eiffel Tower">Eiffel Tower</a> in Paris, France, and built at Petřín hill</figcaption></figure> <p>The city of Prague maintains its own EU delegation in <a href="/wiki/Brussels" title="Brussels">Brussels</a> called Prague House.<sup id="cite_ref-147" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-147"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>146<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Prague was the location of <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">U.S. President</a> <a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a>'s speech on 5 April 2009, which led to the <a href="/wiki/New_START" title="New START">New START</a> treaty with Russia, signed in Prague on 8 April 2010.<sup id="cite_ref-148" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-148"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>147<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The annual conference <a href="/wiki/Forum_2000" title="Forum 2000">Forum 2000</a>, which was founded by former Czech President <a href="/wiki/V%C3%A1clav_Havel" title="Václav Havel">Václav Havel</a>, Japanese philanthropist <a href="/wiki/Y%C5%8Dhei_Sasakawa" title="Yōhei Sasakawa">Yōhei Sasakawa</a>, and Nobel Peace Prize laureate <a href="/wiki/Elie_Wiesel" title="Elie Wiesel">Elie Wiesel</a> in 1996, is held in Prague. Its main objective is "to identify the key issues facing civilization and to explore ways to prevent the escalation of conflicts that have religion, culture or ethnicity as their primary components", and also intends to promote democracy in non-democratic countries and to support civil society. Conferences have attracted a number of prominent thinkers, Nobel laureates, former and acting politicians, business leaders and other individuals like: <a href="/wiki/F._W._de_Klerk" title="F. W. de Klerk">Frederik Willem de Klerk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton">Bill Clinton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Winton" title="Nicholas Winton">Nicholas Winton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oscar_Arias_S%C3%A1nchez" class="mw-redirect" title="Oscar Arias Sánchez">Oscar Arias Sánchez</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dalai_Lama" title="Dalai Lama">Dalai Lama</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hans_K%C3%BCng" title="Hans Küng">Hans Küng</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shimon_Peres" title="Shimon Peres">Shimon Peres</a> and <a href="/wiki/Madeleine_Albright" title="Madeleine Albright">Madeleine Albright</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Twin_towns_–_sister_cities"><span id="Twin_towns_.E2.80.93_sister_cities"></span>Twin towns – sister cities</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prague&action=edit&section=52" title="Edit section: Twin towns – sister cities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_twin_towns_and_sister_cities_in_the_Czech_Republic" title="List of twin towns and sister cities in the Czech Republic">List of twin towns and sister cities in the Czech Republic</a></div> <p>Prague is <a href="/wiki/Sister_city" title="Sister city">twinned</a> with: </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115" /><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 18em;"> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Berlin" title="Berlin">Berlin</a>, Germany<sup id="cite_ref-149" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-149"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>148<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium"><img alt="Belgium" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/60px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Brussels" title="Brussels">Brussels</a>, Belgium<sup id="cite_ref-150" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-150"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>149<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago">Chicago</a>, United States<sup id="cite_ref-151" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-151"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>150<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Frankfurt" title="Frankfurt">Frankfurt am Main</a>, Germany<sup id="cite_ref-152" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-152"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>151<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Hamburg" title="Hamburg">Hamburg</a>, Germany<sup id="cite_ref-153" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-153"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>152<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan"><img alt="Japan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/40px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/60px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kyoto" title="Kyoto">Kyoto</a>, Japan<sup id="cite_ref-154" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-154"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>153<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Miami-Dade_County,_Florida" title="Miami-Dade County, Florida">Miami-Dade County</a>, United States<sup id="cite_ref-155" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-155"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>154<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Nuremberg" title="Nuremberg">Nuremberg</a>, Germany<sup id="cite_ref-156" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-156"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>155<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Phoenix,_Arizona" title="Phoenix, Arizona">Phoenix</a>, United States<sup id="cite_ref-157" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-157"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>156<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan"><img alt="Taiwan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/60px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Taipei" title="Taipei">Taipei</a>, Taiwan<sup id="cite_ref-158" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-158"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>157<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Namesakes">Namesakes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prague&action=edit&section=53" title="Edit section: Namesakes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A number of other settlements are derived or similar to the name of Prague. In many of these cases, Czech emigration has left a number of namesake cities scattered over the globe, with a notable concentration in the <a href="/wiki/New_World" title="New World">New World</a>. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr valign="top"> <td> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Praha,_Slovakia" title="Praha, Slovakia">Praha, Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Praha,_Texas" title="Praha, Texas">Praha, Texas</a>, United States<sup id="cite_ref-159" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-159"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>158<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prague,_Oklahoma" title="Prague, Oklahoma">Prague, Oklahoma</a>, United States<sup id="cite_ref-160" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-160"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>159<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prague,_Nebraska" title="Prague, Nebraska">Prague, Nebraska</a>, United States<sup id="cite_ref-161" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-161"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>160<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Prague,_Minnesota" title="New Prague, Minnesota">New Prague, Minnesota</a>, United States<sup id="cite_ref-162" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-162"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>161<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Additionally, <a href="/wiki/K%C5%82odzko" title="Kłodzko">Kłodzko</a> is sometimes referred to as "Little Prague" (<a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a>: <i lang="de">Klein-Prag</i>). Although now in <a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a>, it had been traditionally a part of <a href="/wiki/Bohemia" title="Bohemia">Bohemia</a> until 1763 when it became part of <a href="/wiki/Silesia" title="Silesia">Silesia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-163" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-163"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>162<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prague&action=edit&section=54" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1266661725">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/60px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/120px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Czech_Republic" title="Portal:Czech Republic">Czech Republic portal</a></span></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/32px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/48px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/64px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="540" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:EU" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:EU">EU portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Churches_in_Prague" title="Churches in Prague">Churches in Prague</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_museums_in_Prague" title="List of museums in Prague">List of museums in Prague</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_from_Prague" title="List of people from Prague">List of people from Prague</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Prague" title="Outline of Prague">Outline of Prague</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_the_Czech_Republic" title="Outline of the Czech Republic">Outline of the Czech Republic</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prague&action=edit&section=55" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a>: <i lang="de">Prag</i>, <a href="/wiki/Latin_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin language">Latin</a>: <i lang="la">Praga</i></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prague&action=edit&section=56" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626" /><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Vojtisek-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Vojtisek_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Vojtisek_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Vojtisek_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/w/index.php?title=V%C3%A1clav_Vojt%C3%AD%C5%A1ek&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Václav Vojtíšek (page does not exist)">Václav Vojtíšek</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%A1clav_Vojt%C3%AD%C5%A1ek" class="extiw" title="cs:Václav Vojtíšek">cs</a>]</span>, <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.historie.hranet.cz/heraldika/pdf/vojtisek1928a.pdf">Znak Hlavního Města Prahy / Les Armoires de la Ville de Prague</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160417192932/http://www.historie.hranet.cz/heraldika/pdf/vojtisek1928a.pdf">Archived</a> 17 April 2016 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></i> (1928), cited after <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nakedtourguideprague.com/the-coat-of-arms-of-prague/">nakedtourguideprague.com</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161009114718/http://www.nakedtourguideprague.com/the-coat-of-arms-of-prague/">Archived</a> 9 October 2016 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> (2015).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Duchacek-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Duchacek_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Milan Ducháček, <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=9REvBQAAQBAJ&dq=praga%20caput%20regni%20historiografie&pg=PA64">Václav Chaloupecký: Hledání československých dějin</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230418152300/https://books.google.com/books?id=9REvBQAAQBAJ&dq=praga%20caput%20regni%20historiografie&pg=PA64">Archived</a> 18 April 2023 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></i> (2014), cited after <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://abicko.avcr.cz/archiv/2001/7/obsah/vaclav-chaloupecky-12.-5.-1882--22.-11.-1951-.html">abicko.avcr.cz</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180416134825/http://abicko.avcr.cz/archiv/2001/7/obsah/vaclav-chaloupecky-12.-5.-1882--22.-11.-1951-.html">Archived</a> 16 April 2018 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.demographia.com/db-worldua.pdf">"Demographia World Urban Areas"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 November</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BLT&rft.atitle=A+city+and+a+mother+in+Israel&rft.date=2012-12-10&rft.aulast=McCarthy&rft.aufirst=Suzanne&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbltnotjustasandwich.com%2F2012%2F12%2F10%2Fa-city-and-a-mother-in-israel%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrague" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.knizniklub.cz/knihy/89886-jewish-prague-zidovska-praha-anglicky.html"><i>Jewish Prague/Židovská Praha - anglicky</i></a> (in Czech).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Jewish+Prague%2F%C5%BDidovsk%C3%A1+Praha+-+anglicky&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.knizniklub.cz%2Fknihy%2F89886-jewish-prague-zidovska-praha-anglicky.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrague" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFNovákStaňkováRýparPodliska2025" class="citation journal cs1">Novák, D; Staňková, V; Rýpar, V; Podliska, J; Hasil, J (2025). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://intarch.ac.uk/journal/issue70/3/index.html">"Managing the Urban Archaeological Heritage of Prague: The Benefits of Collaboration"</a>. <i>Internet Archaeology</i> (70). <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.11141%2Fia.70.3">10.11141/ia.70.3</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Internet+Archaeology&rft.atitle=Managing+the+Urban+Archaeological+Heritage+of+Prague%3A+The+Benefits+of+Collaboration&rft.issue=70&rft.date=2025&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.11141%2Fia.70.3&rft.aulast=Nov%C3%A1k&rft.aufirst=D&rft.au=Sta%C5%88kov%C3%A1%2C+V&rft.au=R%C3%BDpar%2C+V&rft.au=Podliska%2C+J&rft.au=Hasil%2C+J&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fintarch.ac.uk%2Fjournal%2Fissue70%2F3%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrague" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Demetz1997-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Demetz1997_23-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Demetz1997_23-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Demetz1997_23-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Demetz1997_23-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDemetz1997" class="citation book cs1">Demetz, Peter (1997). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/pragueinblackgol00deme">"Chapter One: Libussa, or Versions of Origin"</a></span>. <i>Prague in Black and Gold: Scenes from the Life of a European City</i>. New York: Hill and Wang. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8090-7843-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8090-7843-1"><bdi>978-0-8090-7843-1</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 April</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Chapter+One%3A+Libussa%2C+or+Versions+of+Origin&rft.btitle=Prague+in+Black+and+Gold%3A+Scenes+from+the+Life+of+a+European+City&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Hill+and+Wang&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=978-0-8090-7843-1&rft.aulast=Demetz&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fpragueinblackgol00deme&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrague" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ganz-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ganz_24-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ganz_24-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Dovid Solomon Ganz, Tzemach Dovid (3rd edition), part 2, Warsaw 1878, pp. 71, 85 (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=21930&st=&pgnum=72&hilite=available">online</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220421152851/https://www.hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=21930&st=&pgnum=72&hilite=available">Archived</a> 21 April 2022 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bohemiaradio-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-bohemiaradio_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKenety2004" class="citation web cs1">Kenety, Brian (29 October 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.radio.cz/en/section/curraffrs/unearthing-bohemias-celtic-heritage-ahead-of-samhain-the-new-year">"Unearthing Bohemia's Celtic heritage ahead of Samhain, the 'New Year'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. Czech Radio. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160810140803/http://www.radio.cz/en/section/curraffrs/unearthing-bohemias-celtic-heritage-ahead-of-samhain-the-new-year">Archived</a> from the original on 10 August 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 August</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Unearthing+Bohemia%27s+Celtic+heritage+ahead+of+Samhain%2C+the+%27New+Year%27&rft.pub=Czech+Radio&rft.date=2004-10-29&rft.aulast=Kenety&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.radio.cz%2Fen%2Fsection%2Fcurraffrs%2Funearthing-bohemias-celtic-heritage-ahead-of-samhain-the-new-year&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrague" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-marobudradio-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-marobudradio_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKenety2005" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Kenety, Brian (19 November 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rozhlas.cz/leonardo/historie/_zprava/202797">"Atlantis české archeologie"</a> (in Czech). Czech Radio. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160913181056/http://www.rozhlas.cz/leonardo/historie/_zprava/202797">Archived</a> from the original on 13 September 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 August</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Atlantis+%C4%8Desk%C3%A9+archeologie&rft.pub=Czech+Radio&rft.date=2005-11-19&rft.aulast=Kenety&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rozhlas.cz%2Fleonardo%2Fhistorie%2F_zprava%2F202797&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrague" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cs-magazin.com/index.php?a=a2011021048">"Praha byla Casurgis"</a> [Prague was Casurgis] (in Czech). cs-magazin.com. February 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160413175204/http://www.cs-magazin.com/index.php?a=a2011021048">Archived</a> from the original on 13 April 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 April</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Praha+byla+Casurgis&rft.pub=cs-magazin.com&rft.date=2011-02&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cs-magazin.com%2Findex.php%3Fa%3Da2011021048&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrague" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.novinky.cz/kultura/24807-slovane-na-hrade-zili-uz-sto-let-pred-borivojem.html">"Slované na Hradě žili už sto let před Bořivojem –"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Novinky.cz" title="Novinky.cz">Novinky.cz</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110405080130/http://www.novinky.cz/kultura/24807-slovane-na-hrade-zili-uz-sto-let-pred-borivojem.html">Archived</a> from the original on 5 April 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 April</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Slovan%C3%A9+na+Hrad%C4%9B+%C5%BEili+u%C5%BE+sto+let+p%C5%99ed+Bo%C5%99ivojem+%E2%80%93&rft.pub=Novinky.cz&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.novinky.cz%2Fkultura%2F24807-slovane-na-hrade-zili-uz-sto-let-pred-borivojem.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrague" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090401033615/http://www.hrad.cz/en/prague-castle/history/archaeological-research.shtml">"Archaeological Research – Prague Castle"</a>. Hrad.cz. 8 July 2005. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hrad.cz/en/prague-castle/history/archaeological-research.shtml">the original</a> on 1 April 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 May</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Archaeological+Research+%E2%80%93+Prague+Castle&rft.pub=Hrad.cz&rft.date=2005-07-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hrad.cz%2Fen%2Fprague-castle%2Fhistory%2Farchaeological-research.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrague" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130312091714/http://www.praguewelcome.cz/en/visit/monuments/top-monuments/65-vysehrad.shtml">"TOP MONUMENTS – VYŠEHRAD"</a>. praguewelcome.cz. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.praguewelcome.cz/en/visit/monuments/top-monuments/65-vysehrad.shtml">the original</a> on 12 March 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 November</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=TOP+MONUMENTS+%E2%80%93+VY%C5%A0EHRAD&rft.pub=praguewelcome.cz&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.praguewelcome.cz%2Fen%2Fvisit%2Fmonuments%2Ftop-monuments%2F65-vysehrad.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrague" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.architecturaldigest.com/gallery/gothic-buildings-prague">"5 of the Best Gothic Buildings in Prague"</a>. <i>Architectural Digest</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180823210649/https://www.architecturaldigest.com/gallery/gothic-buildings-prague">Archived</a> from the original on 23 August 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 August</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Architectural+Digest&rft.atitle=5+of+the+Best+Gothic+Buildings+in+Prague&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.architecturaldigest.com%2Fgallery%2Fgothic-buildings-prague&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrague" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFWolverton2012" class="citation book cs1">Wolverton, Lisa (9 October 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=FeFACISbhCgC&q=archbishopric&pg=PA115"><i>Hastening Toward Prague: Power and Society in the Medieval Czech Lands</i></a>. University of Pennsylvania Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0812204223" title="Special:BookSources/978-0812204223"><bdi>978-0812204223</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220410180614/https://books.google.com/books?id=FeFACISbhCgC&q=archbishopric&pg=PA115">Archived</a> from the original on 10 April 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 October</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hastening+Toward+Prague%3A+Power+and+Society+in+the+Medieval+Czech+Lands&rft.pub=University+of+Pennsylvania+Press&rft.date=2012-10-09&rft.isbn=978-0812204223&rft.aulast=Wolverton&rft.aufirst=Lisa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DFeFACISbhCgC%26q%3Darchbishopric%26pg%3DPA115&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrague" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.radio.cz/en/section/travel-tip/prague-an-architectural-gem-in-the-heart-of-europe">"Prague – an architectural gem in the heart of Europe | Radio Prague"</a>. <i>Radio Praha</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180724001258/http://radio.cz/en/section/travel-tip/prague-an-architectural-gem-in-the-heart-of-europe">Archived</a> from the original on 24 July 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 August</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radio+Praha&rft.atitle=Prague+%E2%80%93+an+architectural+gem+in+the+heart+of+Europe+%7C+Radio+Prague&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.radio.cz%2Fen%2Fsection%2Ftravel-tip%2Fprague-an-architectural-gem-in-the-heart-of-europe&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrague" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRothkirchen2006" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Livia_Rothkirchen" title="Livia Rothkirchen">Rothkirchen, Livia</a> (1 January 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Hx2xBWN3hX0C&q=Ibrahim+ibn+Ya%27qub+prague+jew+965&pg=PA8"><i>The Jews of Bohemia and Moravia: Facing the Holocaust</i></a>. U of Nebraska Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0803205024" title="Special:BookSources/978-0803205024"><bdi>978-0803205024</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220410180614/https://books.google.com/books?id=Hx2xBWN3hX0C&q=Ibrahim+ibn+Ya%27qub+prague+jew+965&pg=PA8">Archived</a> from the original on 10 April 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 October</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Jews+of+Bohemia+and+Moravia%3A+Facing+the+Holocaust&rft.pub=U+of+Nebraska+Press&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.isbn=978-0803205024&rft.aulast=Rothkirchen&rft.aufirst=Livia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DHx2xBWN3hX0C%26q%3DIbrahim%2Bibn%2BYa%2527qub%2Bprague%2Bjew%2B965%26pg%3DPA8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrague" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=cHRvtwTLcMAC&pg=PA417">The Cambridge Economic History of Europe: Trade and industry in the Middle Ages</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160503104929/https://books.google.com/books?id=cHRvtwTLcMAC&pg=PA417&dq&hl=en">Archived</a> 3 May 2016 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></i>". Michael Moïssey Postan, Edward Miller, Cynthia Postan (1987). <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>. p. 417. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-521-08709-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-521-08709-0">0-521-08709-0</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_36-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_36-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.radio.cz/en/static/charles-bridge/history">"History of Charles Bridge | Radio Prague"</a>. <i>Radio Praha</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190905164019/https://www.radio.cz/en/static/charles-bridge/history">Archived</a> from the original on 5 September 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 August</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radio+Praha&rft.atitle=History+of+Charles+Bridge+%7C+Radio+Prague&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.radio.cz%2Fen%2Fstatic%2Fcharles-bridge%2Fhistory&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrague" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGuides2015" class="citation book cs1">Guides, Rough (16 January 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=UhkCBQAAQBAJ&q=king+ottokar+Mal%C3%A1+Strana+1257&pg=PT337"><i>The Rough Guide to Prague</i></a>. Rough Guides UK. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780241196311" title="Special:BookSources/9780241196311"><bdi>9780241196311</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220407215756/https://books.google.com/books?id=UhkCBQAAQBAJ&q=king+ottokar+Mal%C3%A1+Strana+1257&pg=PT337">Archived</a> from the original on 7 April 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 October</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Rough+Guide+to+Prague&rft.pub=Rough+Guides+UK&rft.date=2015-01-16&rft.isbn=9780241196311&rft.aulast=Guides&rft.aufirst=Rough&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DUhkCBQAAQBAJ%26q%3Dking%2Bottokar%2BMal%25C3%25A1%2BStrana%2B1257%26pg%3DPT337&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrague" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDickinson2003" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Robert_E._Dickinson" title="Robert E. Dickinson">Dickinson, Robert E.</a> (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=bBFwIGv2qMEC&q=Magdeburg+rights+Mal%C3%A1+Strana&pg=PA196"><i>The West European City: A Geographical Interpretation</i></a>. Taylor & Francis. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780415177115" title="Special:BookSources/9780415177115"><bdi>9780415177115</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220407160748/https://books.google.com/books?id=bBFwIGv2qMEC&q=Magdeburg+rights+Mal%C3%A1+Strana&pg=PA196">Archived</a> from the original on 7 April 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 October</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+West+European+City%3A+A+Geographical+Interpretation&rft.pub=Taylor+%26+Francis&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=9780415177115&rft.aulast=Dickinson&rft.aufirst=Robert+E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DbBFwIGv2qMEC%26q%3DMagdeburg%2Brights%2BMal%25C3%25A1%2BStrana%26pg%3DPA196&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrague" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fdb.cz/film/deset-stoleti-architektury-2-serie-21-dil-nove-mesto-prazske/52565">"Deset století architektury (1997) [TV cyklus] - Nové Město pražské (1998), 2. série - 21. díl"</a>. <i>FDb.cz</i> (in Czech). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230305221610/https://www.fdb.cz/film/deset-stoleti-architektury-2-serie-21-dil-nove-mesto-prazske/52565">Archived</a> from the original on 5 March 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 March</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=FDb.cz&rft.atitle=Deset+stolet%C3%AD+architektury+%281997%29+%5BTV+cyklus%5D+-+Nov%C3%A9+M%C4%9Bsto+pra%C5%BEsk%C3%A9+%281998%29%2C+2.+s%C3%A9rie+-+21.+d%C3%ADl&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fdb.cz%2Ffilm%2Fdeset-stoleti-architektury-2-serie-21-dil-nove-mesto-prazske%2F52565&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrague" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cuni.cz">"Charles University Official Website"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071029011251/http://www.cuni.cz/">Archived</a> from the original on 29 October 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Charles+University+Official+Website&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cuni.cz&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrague" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPalmitessa2002" class="citation journal cs1">Palmitessa, James (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://brrp.org/proceedings/brrp4/palmitessa.pdf">"The Archbishops of Prague in Urban Struggles of the Confessional Age 1561–1612"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Bohemian Reformation and Religious Practice</i>. <b>4</b>: <span class="nowrap">261–</span>273. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190225103017/http://brrp.org/proceedings/brrp4/palmitessa.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 25 February 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 February</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bohemian+Reformation+and+Religious+Practice&rft.atitle=The+Archbishops+of+Prague+in+Urban+Struggles+of+the+Confessional+Age+1561%E2%80%931612&rft.volume=4&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E261-%3C%2Fspan%3E273&rft.date=2002&rft.aulast=Palmitessa&rft.aufirst=James&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbrrp.org%2Fproceedings%2Fbrrp4%2Fpalmitessa.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrague" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMcKechnie2018" class="citation web cs1">McKechnie, Gordon (12 November 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hungarianreview.com/article/20181119_prague_revisited_part_i/">"PRAGUE REVISITED – PART I | Hungarian Review"</a>. <i>hungarianreview.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 November</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=hungarianreview.com&rft.atitle=PRAGUE+REVISITED+%E2%80%93+PART+I+%7C+Hungarian+Review&rft.date=2018-11-12&rft.aulast=McKechnie&rft.aufirst=Gordon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhungarianreview.com%2Farticle%2F20181119_prague_revisited_part_i%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrague" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://czechtour.org/en/prague-story/">"Prague Story"</a>. <i>CzechTour.org</i>. 25 April 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 November</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CzechTour.org&rft.atitle=Prague+Story&rft.date=2016-04-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fczechtour.org%2Fen%2Fprague-story%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrague" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.praguewise.com/hunger-wall.html">"Prague's Hunger Wall, Impressive Story and Sight"</a>. <i>PragueWise</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 November</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=PragueWise&rft.atitle=Prague%27s+Hunger+Wall%2C+Impressive+Story+and+Sight&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.praguewise.com%2Fhunger-wall.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrague" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://audiala.com/en/czech-republic/prague/hunger-wall">"Hunger Wall Visiting Hours, Tickets, and Historical Significance in Prague"</a>. <i>Audiala: Your Pocket Tour Guide</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 November</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Audiala%3A+Your+Pocket+Tour+Guide&rft.atitle=Hunger+Wall+Visiting+Hours%2C+Tickets%2C+and+Historical+Significance+in+Prague&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Faudiala.com%2Fen%2Fczech-republic%2Fprague%2Fhunger-wall&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrague" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.everything2.org/title/The%2520Prague%2520Pogrom%2520of%25201389">"The Prague Pogrom of 1389"</a>. Everything2. April 1389. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100618060237/http://www.everything2.org/title/The%2520Prague%2520Pogrom%2520of%25201389">Archived</a> from the original on 18 June 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 June</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Prague+Pogrom+of+1389&rft.pub=Everything2&rft.date=1389&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.everything2.org%2Ftitle%2FThe%252520Prague%252520Pogrom%252520of%2525201389&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrague" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.prague.cz/jewish-quarter/">"The former Jewish Quarter in Prague"</a>. prague.cz. April 1389. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090417235108/http://www.prague.cz/jewish%2Dquarter/">Archived</a> from the original on 17 April 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 June</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+former+Jewish+Quarter+in+Prague&rft.pub=prague.cz&rft.date=1389&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.prague.cz%2Fjewish-quarter%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrague" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://old.hrad.cz/castle/architektura/gotika_uk.html">"Architecture of the Gothic"</a>. Old.hrad.cz. 13 October 2005. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130808144404/http://old.hrad.cz/castle/architektura/gotika_uk.html">Archived</a> from the original on 8 August 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 November</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Architecture+of+the+Gothic&rft.pub=Old.hrad.cz&rft.date=2005-10-13&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fold.hrad.cz%2Fcastle%2Farchitektura%2Fgotika_uk.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrague" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090401061009/http://www.hrad.cz/en/prague-castle/photogallery/prague-castle/9.shtml">"Old Royal Palace with Vladislav Hall – Prague Castle"</a>. Hrad.cz. 16 December 2011. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hrad.cz/en/prague-castle/photogallery/prague-castle/9.shtml">the original</a> on 1 April 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 November</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Old+Royal+Palace+with+Vladislav+Hall+%E2%80%93+Prague+Castle&rft.pub=Hrad.cz&rft.date=2011-12-16&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hrad.cz%2Fen%2Fprague-castle%2Fphotogallery%2Fprague-castle%2F9.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrague" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> This swallow-tailed banner is approximately 4 by 6 ft (1.2 by 1.8 m), with a red field sprinkled with small white fleurs-de-lis, and a silver old Town Coat-of-Arms in the centre. The words <i>PÁN BŮH POMOC NAŠE</i> (The Lord God is our Help) appeared above the coat-of-arms, with a Hussite "host with chalice" centered on the top. Near the swallow-tails is a crescent-shaped golden sun with rays protruding. One of these banners was captured by Swedish troops in <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Prague_(1648)" title="Battle of Prague (1648)">Battle of Prague (1648)</a>, when they captured the western bank of the Vltava River and were repulsed from the eastern bank, they placed it in the Royal Military Museum in <a href="/wiki/Stockholm" title="Stockholm">Stockholm</a>; although this flag still exists, it is in very poor condition. They also took the <a href="/wiki/Codex_Gigas" title="Codex Gigas">Codex Gigas</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Codex_Argenteus" title="Codex Argenteus">Codex Argenteus</a>. The earliest evidence indicates that a gonfalon with a municipal charge painted on it was used for Old Town as early as 1419. Since this city militia flag was in use before 1477 and during the Hussite Wars, it is the oldest still preserved municipal flag of Bohemia.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2016)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.prague.st/city-info/static/eng/czech-history/religious-conflicts.php">"Religious conflicts"</a>. Prague.st. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304235726/http://www.prague.st/city-info/static/eng/czech-history/religious-conflicts.php">Archived</a> from the original on 4 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 November</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Religious+conflicts&rft.pub=Prague.st&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.prague.st%2Fcity-info%2Fstatic%2Feng%2Fczech-history%2Freligious-conflicts.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrague" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.family-lines.cz/html/Articles/30-war.htm">"The Kingdom of Bohemia during the Thirty Years' War"</a>. Family-lines.cz. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110718172046/http://www.family-lines.cz/html/Articles/30-war.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 18 July 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 April</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Kingdom+of+Bohemia+during+the+Thirty+Years%27+War&rft.pub=Family-lines.cz&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.family-lines.cz%2Fhtml%2FArticles%2F30-war.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrague" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/vjw/Prague.html">"Prague"</a>. <i>Jewish Virtual Library</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170113164529/http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/vjw/Prague.html">Archived</a> from the original on 13 January 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 November</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Prague&rft.btitle=Jewish+Virtual+Library&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jewishvirtuallibrary.org%2Fjsource%2Fvjw%2FPrague.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrague" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">M. Signoli, D. Chevé, A. Pascal (2007).<i>"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=3u3rNCWtv0MC&pg=PA51">Plague epidemics in Czech countries</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160503110934/https://books.google.com/books?id=3u3rNCWtv0MC&pg=PA51&dq&hl=en">Archived</a> 3 May 2016 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>"</i>. p.51.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Source: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://umenipromesto.eu/katalog/detail/1364?v=list">umenipromesto.eu</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-EB1911-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-EB1911_56-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EB1911_56-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFChisholm1911" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Chisholm" title="Hugh Chisholm">Chisholm, Hugh</a>, ed. (1911). <span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Prague"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Prague">"Prague" </a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>. Vol. 22 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. <span class="nowrap">248–</span>250.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Prague&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E248-%3C%2Fspan%3E250&rft.edition=11th&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrague" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aish.com/the-jewish-history-of-prague/">"The Jewish History of Prague"</a>. <i>Aish.com</i>. 6 October 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 July</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Aish.com&rft.atitle=The+Jewish+History+of+Prague&rft.date=2022-10-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Faish.com%2Fthe-jewish-history-of-prague%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrague" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHelmut_Slapnicka1960" class="citation book cs1">Helmut Slapnicka (1960). "Stellungnahme des Deutschtums er Sudetnländer zum "Historischen Staatsrecht"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>". In Kurt Oberdorffer (ed.). <i>Das böhmische Staatsrecht in den deutsch-tschechischen Auseinandersetzungen des 19. und 20. Jahrhundert</i>. Elwert. p. 38.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Stellungnahme+des+Deutschtums+er+Sudetnl%C3%A4nder+zum+%22Historischen+Staatsrecht%22&rft.btitle=Das+b%C3%B6hmische+Staatsrecht+in+den+deutsch-tschechischen+Auseinandersetzungen+des+19.+und+20.+Jahrhundert&rft.pages=38&rft.pub=Elwert&rft.date=1960&rft.au=Helmut+Slapnicka&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrague" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-TOT1-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-TOT1_59-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.atlas-europa.de/t04/bevoelkerung/europ_staedte/pdf/BevStaedte-Tabelle_dt.pdf">"Einwohnerzahl europäischer Städte"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (in German). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180517074618/http://www.atlas-europa.de/t04/bevoelkerung/europ_staedte/pdf/BevStaedte-Tabelle_dt.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 17 May 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 July</span> 2018</span>. <q>Prag insgesamt 1940 928.000</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Einwohnerzahl+europ%C3%A4ischer+St%C3%A4dte&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.atlas-europa.de%2Ft04%2Fbevoelkerung%2Feurop_staedte%2Fpdf%2FBevStaedte-Tabelle_dt.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrague" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-JEW1-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-JEW1_60-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jüdische-gemeinden.de/index.php/gemeinden/p-r/1593-prag">"Aus der Geschichte jüdischer Gemeinden"</a> (in German). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220331004340/https://www.xn--jdische-gemeinden-22b.de/index.php/gemeinden/p-r/1593-prag">Archived</a> from the original on 31 March 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2022</span>. <q>1937/38 ca. 45.000</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Aus+der+Geschichte+j%C3%BCdischer+Gemeinden&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.j%C3%BCdische-gemeinden.de%2Findex.php%2Fgemeinden%2Fp-r%2F1593-prag&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrague" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bryant, Chad (2007). <i>Prague in Black: Nazi Rule and Czech Nationalism</i>. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, p. 167ff. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0674024519" title="Special:BookSources/978-0674024519">978-0674024519</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bombing-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Bombing_62-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.praguepost.com/archivescontent/40592-looking-back-at-the-bombing-of-prague.html">"Looking Back at the Bombing of Prague"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Prague_Post" title="The Prague Post">The Prague Post</a></i>. 14 February 1945. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120114154013/http://www.praguepost.com/archivescontent/40592-looking-back-at-the-bombing-of-prague.html">Archived</a> from the original on 14 January 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 December</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Prague+Post&rft.atitle=Looking+Back+at+the+Bombing+of+Prague&rft.date=1945-02-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.praguepost.com%2Farchivescontent%2F40592-looking-back-at-the-bombing-of-prague.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrague" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.radio.cz/en/section/czech-history/the-bombing-of-prague-from-a-new-perspective">"The bombing of Prague from a new perspective"</a>. Radio Prague. 13 December 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180220172922/http://radio.cz/en/section/czech-history/the-bombing-of-prague-from-a-new-perspective">Archived</a> from the original on 20 February 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 June</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+bombing+of+Prague+from+a+new+perspective&rft.pub=Radio+Prague&rft.date=2011-12-13&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.radio.cz%2Fen%2Fsection%2Fczech-history%2Fthe-bombing-of-prague-from-a-new-perspective&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrague" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPehe2008" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Ji%C5%99%C3%AD_Pehe" title="Jiří Pehe">Pehe, Jiří</a> (6 November 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pehe.cz/Members/redaktor/post-communist-refections-of-the-prague-spring">"Post-Communist Reflections of the Prague Spring"</a>. <i>Jiří Pehe</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170917092115/http://www.pehe.cz/Members/redaktor/post-communist-refections-of-the-prague-spring">Archived</a> from the original on 17 September 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 September</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ji%C5%99%C3%AD+Pehe&rft.atitle=Post-Communist+Reflections+of+the+Prague+Spring&rft.date=2008-11-06&rft.aulast=Pehe&rft.aufirst=Ji%C5%99%C3%AD&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pehe.cz%2FMembers%2Fredaktor%2Fpost-communist-refections-of-the-prague-spring&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrague" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMcAdams2007" class="citation news cs1">McAdams, Michael (1 September 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://journals.openedition.org/transtexts/149">"Global Cities as Centers of Cultural Influence: A Focus on Istanbul, Turkey"</a>. <i>Transtext(e)s Transcultures</i>. No. 3. pp. <span class="nowrap">151–</span>165. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.4000%2Ftranstexts.149">10.4000/transtexts.149</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1771-2084">1771-2084</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180715123335/https://journals.openedition.org/transtexts/149">Archived</a> from the original on 15 July 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 July</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transtext%28e%29s+Transcultures&rft.atitle=Global+Cities+as+Centers+of+Cultural+Influence%3A+A+Focus+on+Istanbul%2C+Turkey&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E151-%3C%2Fspan%3E165&rft.date=2007-09-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.4000%2Ftranstexts.149&rft.issn=1771-2084&rft.aulast=McAdams&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fjournals.openedition.org%2Ftranstexts%2F149&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrague" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110807095901/http://www.gamesbids.com/eng/index.php?news=1174578823">"Prague Assembly Confirms 2016 Olympic Bid"</a>. Gamesbids.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gamesbids.com/eng/index.php?news=1174578823">the original</a> on 7 August 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 April</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Prague+Assembly+Confirms+2016+Olympic+Bid&rft.pub=Gamesbids.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gamesbids.com%2Feng%2Findex.php%3Fnews%3D1174578823&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrague" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100910085801/http://www.gamesbids.com/eng/olympic_bids/future_bids_2016/1216134440.html">"It's Official – Prague Out of 2020 Bid"</a>. <a href="/wiki/GamesBids" title="GamesBids">GamesBids</a>. 16 June 2009. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gamesbids.com/eng/olympic_bids/future_bids_2016/1216134440.html">the original</a> on 10 September 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 April</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=It%27s+Official+%E2%80%93+Prague+Out+of+2020+Bid&rft.pub=GamesBids&rft.date=2009-06-16&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gamesbids.com%2Feng%2Folympic_bids%2Ffuture_bids_2016%2F1216134440.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrague" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLopatkaHovet2023" class="citation news cs1">Lopatka, Jan; Hovet, Jason (22 December 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/prague-university-shooting-leaves-several-dead-police-say-2023-12-21/">"Gunman kills 14 in unprecedented attack at Prague university"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 December</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Gunman+kills+14+in+unprecedented+attack+at+Prague+university&rft.date=2023-12-22&rft.aulast=Lopatka&rft.aufirst=Jan&rft.au=Hovet%2C+Jason&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Fworld%2Feurope%2Fprague-university-shooting-leaves-several-dead-police-say-2023-12-21%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrague" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-water-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-water_69-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-water_69-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://portalzp.praha.eu/jnp/cz/voda/vodni_toky_vodni_dila_a_vodotece/po_praze_podel_potoku/vitejte_na_strankach_po_praze_podel.xhtml">"Vodní toky a vodní díla v Praze"</a> (in Czech). City of Prague. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220417223154/https://portalzp.praha.eu/jnp/cz/voda/vodni_toky_vodni_dila_a_vodotece/po_praze_podel_potoku/vitejte_na_strankach_po_praze_podel.xhtml">Archived</a> from the original on 17 April 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 March</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Vodn%C3%AD+toky+a+vodn%C3%AD+d%C3%ADla+v+Praze&rft.pub=City+of+Prague&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fportalzp.praha.eu%2Fjnp%2Fcz%2Fvoda%2Fvodni_toky_vodni_dila_a_vodotece%2Fpo_praze_podel_potoku%2Fvitejte_na_strankach_po_praze_podel.xhtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrague" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hostivarskaprehrada.cz/hostivarska-prehrada-neni-jen-na-koupani-ale-i-na-vylet/">"Hostivařská přehrada není jen na koupání, ale i na výlet"</a> [Hostivař dam is not only for swimming but also for a trip] (in Czech). Hostivař Reservoir. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210509191051/https://www.hostivarskaprehrada.cz/hostivarska-prehrada-neni-jen-na-koupani-ale-i-na-vylet/">Archived</a> from the original on 9 May 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 March</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hostiva%C5%99sk%C3%A1+p%C5%99ehrada+nen%C3%AD+jen+na+koup%C3%A1n%C3%AD%2C+ale+i+na+v%C3%BDlet&rft.pub=Hostiva%C5%99+Reservoir&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hostivarskaprehrada.cz%2Fhostivarska-prehrada-neni-jen-na-koupani-ale-i-na-vylet%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrague" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.e15.cz/magazin/sedm-prazskych-nej-aneb-neznamy-kopec-telecek-850278">"Sedm pražských NEJ aneb Neznámý kopec Teleček"</a> (in Czech). E15. 6 April 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210514112832/https://www.e15.cz/magazin/sedm-prazskych-nej-aneb-neznamy-kopec-telecek-850278">Archived</a> from the original on 14 May 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 March</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sedm+pra%C5%BEsk%C3%BDch+NEJ+aneb+Nezn%C3%A1m%C3%BD+kopec+Tele%C4%8Dek&rft.pub=E15&rft.date=2016-04-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.e15.cz%2Fmagazin%2Fsedm-prazskych-nej-aneb-neznamy-kopec-telecek-850278&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrague" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0001769.html">"Latitude and Longitude of World Cities: Frankfurt"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110524213744/http://www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0001769.html">Archived</a> from the original on 24 May 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 May</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Latitude+and+Longitude+of+World+Cities%3A+Frankfurt&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.infoplease.com%2Fipa%2FA0001769.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrague" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0001769.html">"Latitude and Longitude of World Cities"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110524213744/http://www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0001769.html">Archived</a> from the original on 24 May 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 May</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Latitude+and+Longitude+of+World+Cities&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.infoplease.com%2Fipa%2FA0001769.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrague" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.travelmath.com/cities/Vancouver,+Canada">"Latitude and Longitude of Vancouver, Canada"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120125023230/http://www.travelmath.com/cities/Vancouver,+Canada">Archived</a> from the original on 25 January 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 May</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Latitude+and+Longitude+of+Vancouver%2C+Canada&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.travelmath.com%2Fcities%2FVancouver%2C%2BCanada&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrague" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kudyznudy.cz/aktivity/poly-metropole-nejvzdalenejsi-body-hlavniho-mesta">"Póly metropole – nejvzdálenější body hlavního města"</a> (in Czech). CzechTourism. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220417063924/https://www.kudyznudy.cz/aktivity/poly-metropole-nejvzdalenejsi-body-hlavniho-mesta">Archived</a> from the original on 17 April 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 March</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=P%C3%B3ly+metropole+%E2%80%93+nejvzd%C3%A1len%C4%9Bj%C5%A1%C3%AD+body+hlavn%C3%ADho+m%C4%9Bsta&rft.pub=CzechTourism&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kudyznudy.cz%2Faktivity%2Fpoly-metropole-nejvzdalenejsi-body-hlavniho-mesta&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrague" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weather-summary.php3?s=81511&cityname=Prague,+Czech+Republic">"Prague, Czech Republic Köppen Climate Classification (Weatherbase)"</a>. <i>Weatherbase</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191218062646/http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weather-summary.php3?s=81511&cityname=Prague,+Czech+Republic">Archived</a> from the original on 18 December 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 July</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Weatherbase&rft.atitle=Prague%2C+Czech+Republic+K%C3%B6ppen+Climate+Classification+%28Weatherbase%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.weatherbase.com%2Fweather%2Fweather-summary.php3%3Fs%3D81511%26cityname%3DPrague%2C%2BCzech%2BRepublic&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrague" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFNogueira2018" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Nogueira, Adeilson (15 July 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=GyR6DwAAQBAJ&q=prague+koppen+cfb&pg=PA23"><i>Praga</i></a> (in Portuguese). Clube de Autores (managed). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210126090806/https://books.google.com/books?id=GyR6DwAAQBAJ&q=prague+koppen+cfb&pg=PA23">Archived</a> from the original on 26 January 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 October</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Praga&rft.pub=Clube+de+Autores+%28managed%29&rft.date=2018-07-15&rft.aulast=Nogueira&rft.aufirst=Adeilson&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DGyR6DwAAQBAJ%26q%3Dprague%2Bkoppen%2Bcfb%26pg%3DPA23&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrague" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKadıoğlu2019" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Kadıoğlu, Muhsin (8 May 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=S8eWDwAAQBAJ&q=prague+koppen+dfb&pg=PA40"><i>Prag Gezi Rehberi: Prag Travel Guide</i></a> (in Turkish). Muhsin Kadıoğlu. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220407103413/https://books.google.com/books?id=S8eWDwAAQBAJ&q=prague+koppen+dfb&pg=PA40">Archived</a> from the original on 7 April 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 October</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Prag+Gezi+Rehberi%3A+Prag+Travel+Guide&rft.pub=Muhsin+Kad%C4%B1o%C4%9Flu&rft.date=2019-05-08&rft.aulast=Kad%C4%B1o%C4%9Flu&rft.aufirst=Muhsin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DS8eWDwAAQBAJ%26q%3Dprague%2Bkoppen%2Bdfb%26pg%3DPA40&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrague" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://climaintoscana.altervista.org/europa/repubblica-ceca/praha-klementinum/">"Praha Klementinum"</a> (in Italian). Czech Hydrometeorological Institute. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240907135648/http://climaintoscana.altervista.org/europa/repubblica-ceca/praha-klementinum/">Archived</a> from the original on 7 September 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 September</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Praha+Klementinum&rft.pub=Czech+Hydrometeorological+Institute&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fclimaintoscana.altervista.org%2Feuropa%2Frepubblica-ceca%2Fpraha-klementinum%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrague" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240909142632/https://www.envidata.cz/dataAnalysis/meteoKlima/T.php?ID=P1PKLE01&type=graphMY">"Průměrná teplota vzduchu v jednotlivé měsíce v jednotlivé roky"</a> (in Czech). Czech Hydrometeorological Institute. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.envidata.cz/dataAnalysis/meteoKlima/T.php?ID=P1PKLE01&type=graphMY">the original</a> on 9 September 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 September</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Pr%C5%AFm%C4%9Brn%C3%A1+teplota+vzduchu+v+jednotliv%C3%A9+m%C4%9Bs%C3%ADce+v+jednotliv%C3%A9+roky&rft.pub=Czech+Hydrometeorological+Institute&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.envidata.cz%2FdataAnalysis%2FmeteoKlima%2FT.php%3FID%3DP1PKLE01%26type%3DgraphMY&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrague" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240909143119/https://www.envidata.cz/dataAnalysis/meteoKlima/R.php?ID=P1PKLE01&type=graphMY">"Srážkové úhrny v jednotlivé měsíce v jednotlivé roky"</a> (in Czech). Czech Hydrometeorological Institute. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.envidata.cz/dataAnalysis/meteoKlima/R.php?ID=P1PKLE01&type=graphMY">the original</a> on 9 September 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 September</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sr%C3%A1%C5%BEkov%C3%A9+%C3%BAhrny+v+jednotliv%C3%A9+m%C4%9Bs%C3%ADce+v+jednotliv%C3%A9+roky&rft.pub=Czech+Hydrometeorological+Institute&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.envidata.cz%2FdataAnalysis%2FmeteoKlima%2FR.php%3FID%3DP1PKLE01%26type%3DgraphMY&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrague" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240909143254/https://www.envidata.cz/dataAnalysis/meteoKlima/N.php?ID=P1PKLE01&type=graphMY">"Množství nového sněhu v jednotlivé měsíce v jednotlivé roky"</a> (in Czech). Czech Hydrometeorological Institute. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.envidata.cz/dataAnalysis/meteoKlima/N.php?ID=P1PKLE01&type=graphMY">the original</a> on 9 September 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 August</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Praha.eu&rft.atitle=Gutovka&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.praha.eu%2Fjnp%2Fen%2Fentertainment%2Fsport%2Fsport_areas%2Fgutovka.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrague" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-146"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-146">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wfdf.org/news-media/news/news/1-news/211-WUCC%20Concludes%20in%20Prague,%20Czech%20Republic">"Prague, Czech Republic to host the WFDF World Ultimate Club Championships 2010"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 September</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Prague%2C+Czech+Republic+to+host+the+WFDF+World+Ultimate+Club+Championships+2010&rft.pub=WFDF&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wfdf.org%2Fnews-media%2Fnews%2Fnews%2F1-news%2F211-WUCC%2520Concludes%2520in%2520Prague%2C%2520Czech%2520Republic&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrague" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-147"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-147">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.prague-house.eu/en/prague-house/mission-and-representational-activities/">"Prague House: Mission and representational activities"</a>. <i>prague-house.eu</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160331171042/http://www.prague-house.eu/en/prague-house/mission-and-representational-activities/">Archived</a> from the original on 31 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 April</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=prague-house.eu&rft.atitle=Prague+House%3A+Mission+and+representational+activities&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.prague-house.eu%2Fen%2Fprague-house%2Fmission-and-representational-activities%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrague" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-148"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-148">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ratification of the START treaty is a step towards Obama's goal of a nuclear weapons-free world. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 November</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%26%23124%3B+Texas+State+Historical+Association+%28TSHA%29&rft.pub=Tshaonline.org&rft.date=2013-11-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tshaonline.org%2Fhandbook%2Fonline%2Farticles%2Fhnp51&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrague" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-160"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-160">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120307102228/http://www.cityofpragueok.org/Article.cfm?articleID=18481">"The History of Prague"</a>. cityofpragueok.org. 23 April 2008. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cityofpragueok.org/Article.cfm?articleID=18481">the original</a> on 7 March 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 November</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+History+of+Prague&rft.pub=cityofpragueok.org&rft.date=2008-04-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cityofpragueok.org%2FArticle.cfm%3FarticleID%3D18481&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrague" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-161"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-161">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130807163411/http://www.casde.unl.edu/history/counties/saunders/prague/">"CASDE | Prague – Saunders County"</a>. Casde.unl.edu. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.casde.unl.edu/history/counties/saunders/prague/">the original</a> on 7 August 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 November</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=CASDE+%26%23124%3B+Prague+%E2%80%93+Saunders+County&rft.pub=Casde.unl.edu&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.casde.unl.edu%2Fhistory%2Fcounties%2Fsaunders%2Fprague%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrague" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-162"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-162">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080515063811/http://www.newprague.com/VisitorHistory.html">"Visitor Information"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newprague.com/VisitorHistory.html">the original</a> on 15 May 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 November</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Visitor+Information&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.newprague.com%2FVisitorHistory.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrague" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-163"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-163">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160421161132/http://www.iajgsjewishcemeteryproject.org/poland/klodzko.html">"Klodzko: Dolnośląskie – Poland"</a>. <i>International Jewish Cemetery Project</i>. 24 October 2011. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iajgsjewishcemeteryproject.org/poland/klodzko.html">the original</a> on 21 April 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 April</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=International+Jewish+Cemetery+Project&rft.atitle=Klodzko%3A+Dolno%C5%9Bl%C4%85skie+%E2%80%93+Poland&rft.date=2011-10-24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iajgsjewishcemeteryproject.org%2Fpoland%2Fklodzko.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrague" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prague&action=edit&section=57" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <ul><li>Bryant, Chad. <i>Prague: Belonging in the Modern City</i>. Cambridge MA: Harvard University Press, 2021.</li> <li>Jekova, Alena. <i>77 Prague Legends</i>. Prague: Prah, 2006. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/80-7252-139-X" title="Special:BookSources/80-7252-139-X">80-7252-139-X</a></li> <li><i>Prague</i> (Eyewitness Travel Guide by DK Publishing) (2009) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/0756615488">excerpt and text search 2006 edition</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200602181244/https://www.amazon.com/dp/0756615488">Archived</a> 2 June 2020 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><i>Prague (City Guide)</i> by Neil Wilson (2009) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/1741045134">excerpt and text search</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200602181253/https://www.amazon.com/dp/1741045134">Archived</a> 2 June 2020 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><i>Praha – Prague and environs</i> (by Čedok) (1926) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120714025701/http://kramerius.mlp.cz/kramerius/MShowPageDoc.do?id=85423&mcp=&idpi=153231&author=digitised">city guide from 1920s</a></li> <li><i>Rick Steves' Prague and The Czech Republic</i> by Rick Steves and Honza Vihan (2009) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/159880118X">excerpt and text search</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210309070133/https://www.amazon.com/dp/159880118X">Archived</a> 9 March 2021 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li>Wilson, Neil. <i>Lonely Planet Prague</i> (2007) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/1741043026">excerpt and text search</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200602181306/https://www.amazon.com/dp/1741043026">Archived</a> 2 June 2020 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li>Wilson, Paul, ed. <i>Prague: A Traveler's Literary Companion</i>. Whereabouts Press, 1995.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Culture_and_society">Culture and society</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prague&action=edit&section=58" title="Edit section: Culture and society"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Banville" title="John Banville">Banville, John</a>. <i>Prague Pictures: Portraits of a City</i>. Bloomsbury, 2004.</li> <li>Becker, Edwin et al., ed. <i>Prague 1900: Poetry and Ecstasy</i> (2000). 224 pp.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBoehm,_Barbara_Drake2005" class="citation book cs1">Boehm, Barbara Drake; et al. (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://libmma.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p15324coll10/id/218200"><i><span></span></i>Prague: The Crown of Bohemia, 1347–1437<i><span></span></i></a>. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1588391612" title="Special:BookSources/978-1588391612"><bdi>978-1588391612</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180713044530/http://libmma.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p15324coll10/id/218200">Archived</a> from the original on 13 July 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 May</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Prague%3A+The+Crown+of+Bohemia%2C+1347%E2%80%931437&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=The+Metropolitan+Museum+of+Art&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-1588391612&rft.au=Boehm%2C+Barbara+Drake&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flibmma.contentdm.oclc.org%2Fcdm%2Fref%2Fcollection%2Fp15324coll10%2Fid%2F218200&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrague" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Burton, Richard D. E. <i>Prague: A Cultural and Literary History</i> (2003). 268 pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/1566564905">excerpt and text search</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220421152843/https://www.amazon.com/dp/1566564905">Archived</a> 21 April 2022 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li>Cohen, Gary B. <i>The Politics of Ethnic Survival: Germans in Prague, 1861–1914</i> (1981). 344 pp.</li> <li>Fucíková, Eliska, ed. <i>Rudolf II and Prague: The Court and the City</i> (1997). 792 pp.</li> <li>Holz, Keith. <i>Modern German Art for Thirties Paris, Prague, and London: Resistance and Acquiescence in a Democratic Public Sphere</i> (2004). 359 pp.</li> <li>Iggers, Wilma Abeles. <i>Women of Prague: Ethnic Diversity and Social Change from the Eighteenth Century to the Present</i> (1995). 381 pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.questia.com/read/13825165">online edition</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110728101253/http://www.questia.com/read/13825165">Archived</a> 28 July 2011 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li>Porizka, Lubomir; Hojda, Zdenek; and Pesek, Jirí. <i>The Palaces of Prague</i> (1995). 216 pp.</li> <li>Rybár, Ctibor. <i>Jewish Prague: Notes on History and Culture — A Guidebook</i> (1991).</li> <li>Sayer, Derek. <i>Prague: Crossroads of Europe</i>. London Reaktion Books, 2018. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-78914-009-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-78914-009-5">978-1-78914-009-5</a>.</li> <li>Sayer, Derek. <i>Prague, Capital of the Twentieth Century: A Surrealist History</i> (Princeton University Press; 2013) 595 pp.; a study of the city as a crossroads for modernity.</li> <li>Sayer, Derek. "The Language of Nationality and the Nationality of Language: Prague 1780–1920", <i>Past & Present</i> 1996 (153): 164–210. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/651139">in Jstor</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191215054642/https://www.jstor.org/stable/651139">Archived</a> 15 December 2019 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li>Spector, Scott. <i>Prague Territories: National Conflict and Cultural Innovation in Kafka's Fin de Siècle</i> (2000). 331 pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.questia.com/library/book/prague-territories-national-conflict-and-cultural-innovation-in-franz-kafkas-fin-de-siaecle-by-scott-spector.jsp">online edition</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110828172313/http://www.questia.com/library/book/prague-territories-national-conflict-and-cultural-innovation-in-franz-kafkas-fin-de-siaecle-by-scott-spector.jsp">Archived</a> 28 August 2011 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li>Svácha, Rostislav. <i>The Architecture of New Prague, 1895–1945</i> (1995). 573 pp.</li> <li>Wittlich, Peter. <i>Prague: Fin de Siècle</i> (1992). 280 pp.</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prague&action=edit&section=59" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"> <b>Prague</b> at Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikimedia_sister_projects" title="Wikipedia:Wikimedia sister projects"><span id="sister-projects">sister projects</span></a></div> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><ul><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/40px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/60px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="391" data-file-height="391" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Prague" class="extiw" title="wikt:Prague">Definitions</a> from Wiktionary</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Praha" class="extiw" title="c:Praha">Media</a> from Commons</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/40px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/60px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Category:Prague" class="extiw" title="s:Category:Prague">Texts</a> from Wikisource</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/40px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/60px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Prague" class="extiw" title="voy:Prague">Travel information</a> from Wikivoyage</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/27px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/41px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/54px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1085" class="extiw" title="d:Q1085">Data</a> from Wikidata</span></li></ul></div></div> </div> <ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://praha.eu/">Official website</a></span></span> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1085#P856" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span> <span class="languageicon">(in Czech and English)</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.prague.eu/en">Official tourist portal</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://historic-cities.huji.ac.il/czech/prague/prague.html">Old maps of Prague</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220726234417/http://historic-cities.huji.ac.il/czech/prague/prague.html">Archived</a> 26 July 2022 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> in Historic Cities site</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output 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.navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:List_of_European_capitals_by_region" title="Template:List of European capitals by region"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:List_of_European_capitals_by_region" title="Template talk:List of European capitals by region"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:List_of_European_capitals_by_region" title="Special:EditPage/Template:List of European capitals by region"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Capitals_of_European_states_and_territories937" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Capitals of European states and territories</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Capitals of <a href="/wiki/Dependent_territory" title="Dependent territory">dependent territories</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_states_with_limited_recognition" title="List of states with limited recognition">states whose sovereignty is disputed</a> shown in <i>italics</i>.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sovereign states</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam">Amsterdam</a></b>, Netherlands<sup>1</sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Andorra_la_Vella" title="Andorra la Vella">Andorra la Vella</a></b>, Andorra</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Ankara" title="Ankara">Ankara</a></b>, Turkey<sup>2</sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Astana" title="Astana">Astana</a></b>, Kazakhstan<sup>2</sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Athens" title="Athens">Athens</a></b>, Greece</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Baku" title="Baku">Baku</a></b>, Azerbaijan<sup>2</sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Belgrade" title="Belgrade">Belgrade</a></b>, Serbia</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Berlin" title="Berlin">Berlin</a></b>, Germany</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Bern" title="Bern">Bern</a></b>, Switzerland</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Bratislava" title="Bratislava">Bratislava</a></b>, Slovakia</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Brussels" title="Brussels">Brussels</a></b>, Belgium<sup>3</sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Bucharest" title="Bucharest">Bucharest</a></b>, Romania</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Budapest" title="Budapest">Budapest</a></b>, Hungary</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Chi%C8%99in%C4%83u" title="Chișinău">Chișinău</a></b>, Moldova</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Copenhagen" title="Copenhagen">Copenhagen</a></b>, Denmark</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Dublin" title="Dublin">Dublin</a></b>, Ireland</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Helsinki" title="Helsinki">Helsinki</a></b>, Finland</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Kyiv" title="Kyiv">Kyiv</a></b>, Ukraine</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Lisbon" title="Lisbon">Lisbon</a></b>, Portugal</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Ljubljana" title="Ljubljana">Ljubljana</a></b>, Slovenia</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a></b>, United Kingdom</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Luxembourg_City" title="Luxembourg City">Luxembourg</a></b>, Luxembourg</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid">Madrid</a></b>, Spain</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Minsk" title="Minsk">Minsk</a></b>, Belarus</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Monaco" title="Monaco">Monaco</a></b><sup>5</sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a></b>, Russia</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Nicosia" title="Nicosia">Nicosia</a></b>, Cyprus<sup>2</sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Oslo" title="Oslo">Oslo</a></b>, Norway</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a></b>, France</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Podgorica" title="Podgorica">Podgorica</a></b>, Montenegro</li> <li><b><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Prague</a></b>, Czech Republic</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Reykjav%C3%ADk" title="Reykjavík">Reykjavík</a></b>, Iceland</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Riga" title="Riga">Riga</a></b>, Latvia</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Rome</a></b>, Italy</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/City_of_San_Marino" title="City of San Marino">San Marino</a></b>, San Marino</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Sarajevo" title="Sarajevo">Sarajevo</a></b>, Bosnia and Herzegovina</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Skopje" title="Skopje">Skopje</a></b>, North Macedonia</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Sofia" title="Sofia">Sofia</a></b>, Bulgaria</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Stockholm" title="Stockholm">Stockholm</a></b>, Sweden</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Tallinn" title="Tallinn">Tallinn</a></b>, Estonia</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Tbilisi" title="Tbilisi">Tbilisi</a></b>, Georgia<sup>2</sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Tirana" title="Tirana">Tirana</a></b>, Albania</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Vaduz" title="Vaduz">Vaduz</a></b>, Liechtenstein</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Valletta" title="Valletta">Valletta</a></b>, Malta</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Vatican_City" title="Vatican City">Vatican City</a></b><sup>4</sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Vienna" title="Vienna">Vienna</a></b>, Austria</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Vilnius" title="Vilnius">Vilnius</a></b>, Lithuania</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Warsaw" title="Warsaw">Warsaw</a></b>, Poland</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Yerevan" title="Yerevan">Yerevan</a></b>, Armenia<sup>2</sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Zagreb" title="Zagreb">Zagreb</a></b>, Croatia</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">States with<br />limited recognition</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/North_Nicosia" title="North Nicosia">North Nicosia</a></b>, Northern Cyprus</i><sup>2</sup></li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Pristina" title="Pristina">Pristina</a></b>, Kosovo</i></li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Sokhumi" class="mw-redirect" title="Sokhumi">Sokhumi</a></b>, Abkhazia</i><sup>2</sup></li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Tiraspol" title="Tiraspol">Tiraspol</a></b>, Transnistria</i></li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Tskhinvali" title="Tskhinvali">Tskhinvali</a></b>, South Ossetia</i><sup>2</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Dependencies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Countries_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Countries of the United Kingdom">Constituent countries</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a></b></i>, England</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Edinburgh" title="Edinburgh">Edinburgh</a></b></i>, Scotland</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Cardiff" title="Cardiff">Cardiff</a></b></i>, Wales</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Belfast" title="Belfast">Belfast</a></b></i>, Northern Ireland</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Crown_Dependencies" title="Crown Dependencies">Crown Dependencies</a> and<br /><a href="/wiki/British_Overseas_Territories" title="British Overseas Territories">Overseas Territories</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Douglas,_Isle_of_Man" title="Douglas, Isle of Man">Douglas</a></b></i>, Isle of Man</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Episkopi_Cantonment" title="Episkopi Cantonment">Episkopi Cantonment</a></b></i>, Akrotiri and Dhekelia</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Gibraltar" title="Gibraltar">Gibraltar</a></b></i>, Gibraltar</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/St_Helier" title="St Helier">St Helier</a></b></i>, Jersey</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Saint_Peter_Port" title="Saint Peter Port">Saint Peter Port</a></b></i>, Guernsey</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Longyearbyen" title="Longyearbyen">Longyearbyen</a></b>, Svalbard (Norway)</i></li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/T%C3%B3rshavn" title="Tórshavn">Tórshavn</a></b>, Faroe Islands (Denmark)</i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Federal states</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Austria" class="mw-redirect" title="Provinces of Austria">Austria</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Bregenz" title="Bregenz">Bregenz</a></b></i>, Vorarlberg</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Eisenstadt" title="Eisenstadt">Eisenstadt</a></b></i>, Burgenland</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Graz" title="Graz">Graz</a></b></i>, Styria</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Innsbruck" title="Innsbruck">Innsbruck</a></b></i>, Tyrol</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Klagenfurt" class="mw-redirect" title="Klagenfurt">Klagenfurt</a></b></i>, Carinthia</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Linz" title="Linz">Linz</a></b></i>, Upper Austria</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Salzburg" title="Salzburg">Salzburg</a></b></i>, Salzburg</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Sankt_P%C3%B6lten" title="Sankt Pölten">Sankt Pölten</a></b></i>, Lower Austria</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Vienna" title="Vienna">Vienna</a></b></i>, Vienna</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Communities,_regions_and_language_areas_of_Belgium#Communities" class="mw-redirect" title="Communities, regions and language areas of Belgium">Communities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/City_of_Brussels" title="City of Brussels">Brussels</a></b></i>, Flemish Community and French Community</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Eupen" title="Eupen">Eupen</a></b></i>, German-speaking Community</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Communities,_regions_and_language_areas_of_Belgium#Regions" class="mw-redirect" title="Communities, regions and language areas of Belgium">Regions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/City_of_Brussels" title="City of Brussels">Brussels</a></b></i>, Brussels-Capital Region and Flanders</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Namur" title="Namur">Namur</a></b></i>, Wallonia</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Political_divisions_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Political divisions of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Banja_Luka" title="Banja Luka">Banja Luka</a></b></i> (de facto), Republika Srpska</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Br%C4%8Dko" title="Brčko">Brčko</a></b></i>, Brčko District</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Sarajevo" title="Sarajevo">Sarajevo</a></b></i>, Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/States_of_Germany" title="States of Germany">Germany</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Berlin" title="Berlin">Berlin</a></b></i>, Berlin</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Bremen" title="Bremen">Bremen</a></b></i>, Bremen</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Dresden" title="Dresden">Dresden</a></b></i>, Saxony</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/D%C3%BCsseldorf" title="Düsseldorf">Düsseldorf</a></b></i>, North Rhine-Westphalia</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Erfurt" title="Erfurt">Erfurt</a></b></i>, Thuringia</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Hamburg" title="Hamburg">Hamburg</a></b></i>, Hamburg</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Hanover" title="Hanover">Hanover</a></b></i>, Lower Saxony</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Kiel" title="Kiel">Kiel</a></b></i>, Schleswig-Holstein</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Magdeburg" title="Magdeburg">Magdeburg</a></b></i>, Saxony-Anhalt</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Mainz" title="Mainz">Mainz</a></b></i>, Rhineland-Palatinate</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Munich" title="Munich">Munich</a></b></i>, Bavaria</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Potsdam" title="Potsdam">Potsdam</a></b></i>, Brandenburg</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Saarbr%C3%BCcken" title="Saarbrücken">Saarbrücken</a></b></i>, Saarland</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Schwerin" title="Schwerin">Schwerin</a></b></i>, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Stuttgart" title="Stuttgart">Stuttgart</a></b></i>, Baden-Württemberg</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden">Wiesbaden</a></b></i>, Hesse</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Federal_subjects_of_Russia" title="Federal subjects of Russia">Russia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Republics_of_Russia" title="Republics of Russia">Republics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Cheboksary" title="Cheboksary">Cheboksary</a></b></i>, Chuvashia</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Cherkessk" title="Cherkessk">Cherkessk</a></b></i>, Karachay-Cherkessia</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Elista" title="Elista">Elista</a></b></i>, Kalmykia</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Grozny" title="Grozny">Grozny</a></b></i>, Chechnya</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Izhevsk" title="Izhevsk">Izhevsk</a></b></i>, Udmurtia</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Kazan" title="Kazan">Kazan</a></b></i>, Tatarstan</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Magas,_Russia" title="Magas, Russia">Magas</a></b></i>, Ingushetia</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Makhachkala" title="Makhachkala">Makhachkala</a></b></i>, Dagestan</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Maykop" title="Maykop">Maykop</a></b></i>, Adygea</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Nalchik" title="Nalchik">Nalchik</a></b></i>, Kabardino-Balkaria</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Petrozavodsk" title="Petrozavodsk">Petrozavodsk</a></b></i>, Karelia</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Saransk" title="Saransk">Saransk</a></b></i>, Mordovia</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Simferopol" title="Simferopol">Simferopol</a></b></i>, Crimea (<a href="/wiki/Political_status_of_Crimea" title="Political status of Crimea">disputed</a>)</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Syktyvkar" title="Syktyvkar">Syktyvkar</a></b></i>, Komi</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Ufa" title="Ufa">Ufa</a></b></i>, Bashkortostan</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Vladikavkaz" title="Vladikavkaz">Vladikavkaz</a></b></i>, North Ossetia–Alania</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Yoshkar-Ola" title="Yoshkar-Ola">Yoshkar-Ola</a></b></i>, Mari El</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_okrugs_of_Russia" title="Autonomous okrugs of Russia">Autonomous okrugs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Naryan-Mar" title="Naryan-Mar">Naryan-Mar</a></b></i>, Nenets</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Krais_of_Russia" title="Krais of Russia">Krais</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Krasnodar" title="Krasnodar">Krasnodar</a></b></i>, Krasnodar Krai</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Perm,_Russia" title="Perm, Russia">Perm</a></b></i>, Perm Krai</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Stavropol" title="Stavropol">Stavropol</a></b></i>, Stavropol Krai</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Oblasts_of_Russia" title="Oblasts of Russia">Oblasts</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Arkhangelsk" title="Arkhangelsk">Arkhangelsk</a></b></i>, Arkhangelsk Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Astrakhan" title="Astrakhan">Astrakhan</a></b></i>, Astrakhan Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Belgorod" title="Belgorod">Belgorod</a></b></i>, Belgorod Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Bryansk" title="Bryansk">Bryansk</a></b></i>, Bryansk Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Ivanovo" title="Ivanovo">Ivanovo</a></b></i>, Ivanovo Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Kaliningrad" title="Kaliningrad">Kaliningrad</a></b></i>, Kaliningrad Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Kaluga" title="Kaluga">Kaluga</a></b></i>, Kaluga Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Kirov,_Kirov_Oblast" title="Kirov, Kirov Oblast">Kirov</a></b></i>, Kirov Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Kostroma" title="Kostroma">Kostroma</a></b></i>, Kostroma Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Krasnogorsk,_Moscow_Oblast" title="Krasnogorsk, Moscow Oblast">Krasnogorsk</a> and <a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a></b></i>, Moscow Oblast (de facto)</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Kursk" title="Kursk">Kursk</a></b></i>, Kursk Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Lipetsk" title="Lipetsk">Lipetsk</a></b></i>, Lipetsk Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Murmansk" title="Murmansk">Murmansk</a></b></i>, Murmansk Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Nizhny_Novgorod" title="Nizhny Novgorod">Nizhny Novgorod</a></b></i>, Nizhny Novgorod Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Orenburg" title="Orenburg">Orenburg</a></b></i>, Orenburg Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Oryol" title="Oryol">Oryol</a></b></i>, Oryol Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Penza" title="Penza">Penza</a></b></i>, Penza Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Pskov" title="Pskov">Pskov</a></b></i>, Pskov Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Rostov-on-Don" title="Rostov-on-Don">Rostov-on-Don</a></b></i>, Rostov Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Ryazan" title="Ryazan">Ryazan</a></b></i>, Ryazan Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Gatchina" title="Gatchina">Gatchina</a></b></i>, Leningrad Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Samara" title="Samara">Samara</a></b></i>, Samara Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Saratov" title="Saratov">Saratov</a></b></i>, Saratov Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Smolensk" title="Smolensk">Smolensk</a></b></i>, Smolensk Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Tambov" title="Tambov">Tambov</a></b></i>, Tambov Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Tula,_Russia" title="Tula, Russia">Tula</a></b></i>, Tula Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Tver" title="Tver">Tver</a></b></i>, Tver Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Ulyanovsk" title="Ulyanovsk">Ulyanovsk</a></b></i>, Ulyanovsk Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Veliky_Novgorod" title="Veliky Novgorod">Veliky Novgorod</a></b></i>, Novgorod Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Vladimir,_Russia" title="Vladimir, Russia">Vladimir</a></b></i>, Vladimir Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Volgograd" title="Volgograd">Volgograd</a></b></i>, Volgograd Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Vologda" title="Vologda">Vologda</a></b></i>, Vologda Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Voronezh" title="Voronezh">Voronezh</a></b></i>, Voronezh Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Yaroslavl" title="Yaroslavl">Yaroslavl</a></b></i>, Yaroslavl Oblast</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Federal_cities_of_Russia" title="Federal cities of Russia">Federal cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a></b></i></li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Saint_Petersburg" title="Saint Petersburg">Saint Petersburg</a></b></i></li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Sevastopol" title="Sevastopol">Sevastopol</a></b></i> (<a href="/wiki/Political_status_of_Crimea" title="Political status of Crimea">disputed</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cantons_of_Switzerland" title="Cantons of Switzerland">Switzerland</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Aarau" title="Aarau">Aarau</a></b></i>, Aargau</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Altdorf,_Uri" title="Altdorf, Uri">Altdorf</a></b></i>, Uri</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Appenzell_(village)" title="Appenzell (village)">Appenzell</a></b></i>, Appenzell Innerrhoden</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Basel" title="Basel">Basel</a></b></i>, Basel-Stadt</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Bellinzona" title="Bellinzona">Bellinzona</a></b></i>, Ticino</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Chur" title="Chur">Chur</a></b></i>, Grisons</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Del%C3%A9mont" title="Delémont">Delémont</a></b></i>, Jura</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Frauenfeld" title="Frauenfeld">Frauenfeld</a></b></i>, Thurgau</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Fribourg" title="Fribourg">Fribourg</a></b></i>, Canton of Fribourg</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Geneva" title="Geneva">Geneva</a></b></i>, Canton of Geneva</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Herisau" title="Herisau">Herisau</a></b></i>, Appenzell Ausserrhoden</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Lausanne" title="Lausanne">Lausanne</a></b></i>, Vaud</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Liestal" title="Liestal">Liestal</a></b></i>, Basel-Landschaft</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Lucerne" title="Lucerne">Lucerne</a></b></i>, Canton of Lucerne</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Neuch%C3%A2tel" title="Neuchâtel">Neuchâtel</a></b></i>, Canton of Neuchâtel</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Sarnen" title="Sarnen">Sarnen</a></b></i>, Obwalden</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Schaffhausen" title="Schaffhausen">Schaffhausen</a></b></i>, Canton of Schaffhausen</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Schwyz" title="Schwyz">Schwyz</a></b></i>, Canton of Schwyz</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Sion,_Switzerland" title="Sion, Switzerland">Sion</a></b></i>, Valais</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Solothurn" title="Solothurn">Solothurn</a></b></i>, Canton of Solothurn</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Stans" title="Stans">Stans</a></b></i>, Nidwalden</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/St._Gallen" title="St. Gallen">St. Gallen</a></b></i>, Canton of St. Gallen</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Glarus" title="Glarus">Glarus</a></b></i>, Canton of Glarus</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Zug" title="Zug">Zug</a></b></i>, Canton of Zug</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Zurich" title="Zurich">Zurich</a></b></i>, Canton of Zürich</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Autonomous<br />entities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Autonomous_regions79" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Regions_of_Italy#Autonomous_regions_with_special_statute" title="Regions of Italy">Autonomous regions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Cagliari" title="Cagliari">Cagliari</a></b></i>, Sardinia</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Palermo" title="Palermo">Palermo</a></b></i>, Sicily</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Trento" title="Trento">Trento</a></b></i>, Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Aosta" title="Aosta">Aosta</a></b></i>, Aosta Valley</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Trieste" title="Trieste">Trieste</a></b></i>, Friuli Venezia Giulia</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Autonomous_regions53" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_regions_of_Portugal" class="mw-redirect" title="Autonomous regions of Portugal">Autonomous regions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Ponta_Delgada" title="Ponta Delgada">Ponta Delgada</a>, <a href="/wiki/Angra_do_Hero%C3%ADsmo" title="Angra do Heroísmo">Angra do Heroísmo</a>, & <a href="/wiki/Horta,_Azores" title="Horta, Azores">Horta</a></b></i>, Azores</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Funchal" title="Funchal">Funchal</a></b></i>, Madeira</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Barcelona" title="Barcelona">Barcelona</a></b></i>, Catalonia</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Las_Palmas" title="Las Palmas">Las Palmas</a></b></i> & <i><b><a href="/wiki/Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife" title="Santa Cruz de Tenerife">Santa Cruz de Tenerife</a></b></i>, Canary Islands</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Logro%C3%B1o" title="Logroño">Logroño</a></b></i>, La Rioja</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid">Madrid</a></b></i>, Community of Madrid</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9rida,_Spain" title="Mérida, Spain">Mérida</a></b></i>, Extremadura</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Murcia" title="Murcia">Murcia</a></b></i>, Region of Murcia</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Oviedo" title="Oviedo">Oviedo</a></b></i>, Asturias</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Palma_de_Mallorca" title="Palma de Mallorca">Palma de Mallorca</a></b></i>, Balearic Islands</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Pamplona" title="Pamplona">Pamplona</a></b></i>, Navarre</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Santander,_Spain" title="Santander, Spain">Santander</a></b></i>, Cantabria</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Santiago_de_Compostela" title="Santiago de Compostela">Santiago de Compostela</a></b></i>, Galicia</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Seville" title="Seville">Seville</a></b></i>, Andalusia</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Toledo,_Spain" title="Toledo, Spain">Toledo</a></b></i>, Castilla–La Mancha (de facto)</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Valencia" title="Valencia">Valencia</a></b></i>, Valencian Community</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Valladolid" title="Valladolid">Valladolid</a></b></i>, Castile and León (de facto)</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Vitoria-Gasteiz" title="Vitoria-Gasteiz">Vitoria-Gasteiz</a></b></i>, Basque Country (de facto)</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Zaragoza" title="Zaragoza">Zaragoza</a></b></i>, Aragon</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Ajaccio" title="Ajaccio">Ajaccio</a></b></i>, Corsica Collectivité (France)</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Batumi" title="Batumi">Batumi</a></b></i>, Adjara (Georgia)</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Comrat" title="Comrat">Comrat</a></b></i>, Gagauzia (Moldova)</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Karyes,_Mount_Athos" title="Karyes, Mount Athos">Karyes</a></b></i>, Mount Athos (Greece)</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Mariehamn" title="Mariehamn">Mariehamn</a></b></i>, Åland Islands (Finland)</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Nakhchivan_(city)" title="Nakhchivan (city)">Nakhchivan</a></b></i>, Nakhchivan (Azerbaijan)</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Novi_Sad" title="Novi Sad">Novi Sad</a></b></i>, Vojvodina (Serbia)</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Simferopol" title="Simferopol">Simferopol</a></b></i>, Crimea (Ukraine)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span style="position: relative; top: 0.2em;"><sup>1</sup></span> Also the capital of the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_the_Netherlands" title="Kingdom of the Netherlands">Kingdom of the Netherlands</a></li> <li><span style="position: relative; top: 0.2em;"><sup>2</sup></span> Continental placement may vary <a href="/wiki/Boundaries_between_the_continents_of_Earth#Asia_and_Europe" class="mw-redirect" title="Boundaries between the continents of Earth">depending on geographic convention</a> being followed</li> <li><span style="position: relative; top: 0.2em;"><sup>3</sup></span> Also the seat of the European Union, see <a href="/wiki/Institutional_seats_of_the_European_Union" title="Institutional seats of the European Union">Institutional seats of the European Union</a> and <a href="/wiki/Brussels_and_the_European_Union" title="Brussels and the European Union">Brussels and the European Union</a></li> <li><span style="position: relative; top: 0.2em;"><sup>4</sup></span> A city-state</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="European_Capitals_of_Culture60" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:European_Capital_of_Culture" title="Template:European Capital of Culture"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:European_Capital_of_Culture" title="Template talk:European Capital of Culture"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:European_Capital_of_Culture" title="Special:EditPage/Template:European Capital of Culture"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="European_Capitals_of_Culture60" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/European_Capital_of_Culture" title="European Capital of Culture">European Capitals of Culture</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><span class="nobold">1985</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Athens" title="Athens">Athens</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">1986</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Florence" title="Florence">Florence</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">1987</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam">Amsterdam</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">1988</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/West_Berlin" title="West Berlin">West</a> <a href="/wiki/Berlin" title="Berlin">Berlin</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">1989</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">1990</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Glasgow" title="Glasgow">Glasgow</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">1991</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Dublin" title="Dublin">Dublin</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">1992</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid">Madrid</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">1993</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Antwerp" title="Antwerp">Antwerp</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">1994</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Lisbon" title="Lisbon">Lisbon</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">1995</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Luxembourg_City" title="Luxembourg City">Luxembourg City</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">1996</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Copenhagen" title="Copenhagen">Copenhagen</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">1997</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Thessaloniki" title="Thessaloniki">Thessaloniki</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">1998</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Stockholm" title="Stockholm">Stockholm</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">1999</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Weimar" title="Weimar">Weimar</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2000</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Reykjav%C3%ADk" title="Reykjavík">Reykjavík</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Bergen" title="Bergen">Bergen</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Helsinki" title="Helsinki">Helsinki</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Brussels" title="Brussels">Brussels</a></dd> <dd><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Prague</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Krak%C3%B3w" title="Kraków">Kraków</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Santiago_de_Compostela" title="Santiago de Compostela">Santiago de Compostela</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Avignon" title="Avignon">Avignon</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Bologna" title="Bologna">Bologna</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2001</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam">Rotterdam</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Porto" title="Porto">Porto</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2002</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Bruges" title="Bruges">Bruges</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Salamanca" title="Salamanca">Salamanca</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2003</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Graz" title="Graz">Graz</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Plovdiv" title="Plovdiv">Plovdiv</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2004</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Genoa" title="Genoa">Genoa</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Lille" title="Lille">Lille</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2005</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cork_(city)" title="Cork (city)">Cork</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2006</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Patras" title="Patras">Patras</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2007</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Luxembourg_City" title="Luxembourg City">Luxembourg City</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Sibiu" title="Sibiu">Sibiu</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2008</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Liverpool" title="Liverpool">Liverpool</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Stavanger" title="Stavanger">Stavanger</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2009</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Linz" title="Linz">Linz</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Vilnius" title="Vilnius">Vilnius</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2010</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Essen" title="Essen">Essen</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul">Istanbul</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/P%C3%A9cs" title="Pécs">Pécs</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2011</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Turku" title="Turku">Turku</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Tallinn" title="Tallinn">Tallinn</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2012</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Maribor" title="Maribor">Maribor</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Guimar%C3%A3es" title="Guimarães">Guimarães</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2013</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Ko%C5%A1ice" title="Košice">Košice</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Marseille" title="Marseille">Marseille</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2014</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Ume%C3%A5" title="Umeå">Umeå</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Riga" title="Riga">Riga</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2015</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Mons,_Belgium" title="Mons, Belgium">Mons</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Plze%C5%88" title="Plzeň">Plzeň</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2016</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/San_Sebasti%C3%A1n" title="San Sebastián">San Sebastián</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Wroc%C5%82aw" title="Wrocław">Wrocław</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2017</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Aarhus" title="Aarhus">Aarhus</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Paphos" title="Paphos">Paphos</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2018</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Valletta" title="Valletta">Valletta</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Leeuwarden" title="Leeuwarden">Leeuwarden</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2019</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Plovdiv" title="Plovdiv">Plovdiv</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Matera" title="Matera">Matera</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2020-April 2021</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Rijeka" title="Rijeka">Rijeka</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Galway" title="Galway">Galway</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2022</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Kaunas" title="Kaunas">Kaunas</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Esch-sur-Alzette" title="Esch-sur-Alzette">Esch-sur-Alzette</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Novi_Sad" title="Novi Sad">Novi Sad</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2023</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Veszpr%C3%A9m" title="Veszprém">Veszprém</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Timi%C8%99oara" title="Timișoara">Timișoara</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Elefsina" title="Elefsina">Elefsina</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2024</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Tartu" title="Tartu">Tartu</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Bad_Ischl" title="Bad Ischl">Bad Ischl</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Bod%C3%B8_(town)" title="Bodø (town)">Bodø</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2025</span></dt> <dd><b><a href="/wiki/Nova_Gorica" title="Nova Gorica">Nova Gorica</a></b> / <b><a href="/wiki/Gorizia" title="Gorizia">Gorizia</a></b></dd> <dd><b><a href="/wiki/Chemnitz" title="Chemnitz">Chemnitz</a></b></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2026</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Oulu" title="Oulu">Oulu</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Tren%C4%8D%C3%ADn" title="Trenčín">Trenčín</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2027</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Liep%C4%81ja" title="Liepāja">Liepāja</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="European_Capitals_of_Sport26" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:European_Capital_of_Sport" title="Template:European Capital of Sport"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:European_Capital_of_Sport&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:European Capital of Sport (page does not exist)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:European_Capital_of_Sport" title="Special:EditPage/Template:European Capital of Sport"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="European_Capitals_of_Sport26" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">European Capitals of Sport</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>2001 <a href="/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid">Madrid</a></li> <li>2002 <a href="/wiki/Stockholm" title="Stockholm">Stockholm</a></li> <li>2003 <a href="/wiki/Glasgow" title="Glasgow">Glasgow</a></li> <li>2004 <a href="/wiki/Alicante" title="Alicante">Alicante</a></li> <li>2005 <a href="/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam">Rotterdam</a></li> <li>2006 <a href="/wiki/Copenhagen" title="Copenhagen">Copenhagen</a></li> <li>2007 <a href="/wiki/Stuttgart" title="Stuttgart">Stuttgart</a></li> <li>2008 <a href="/wiki/Warsaw" title="Warsaw">Warsaw</a></li> <li>2009 <a href="/wiki/Milan" title="Milan">Milan</a></li> <li>2010 <a href="/wiki/Dublin" title="Dublin">Dublin</a></li> <li>2011 <a href="/wiki/Valencia" title="Valencia">Valencia</a></li> <li>2012 <a href="/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul">Istanbul</a></li> <li>2013 <a href="/wiki/Antwerp" title="Antwerp">Antwerp</a></li> <li>2014 <a href="/wiki/Cardiff" title="Cardiff">Cardiff</a></li> <li>2015 <a href="/wiki/Turin" title="Turin">Turin</a></li> <li>2016 <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Prague</a></li> <li>2017 <a href="/wiki/Marseille" title="Marseille">Marseille</a></li> <li>2018 <a href="/wiki/Sofia" title="Sofia">Sofia</a></li> <li>2019 <a href="/wiki/Budapest" title="Budapest">Budapest</a></li> <li>2020 <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A1laga" title="Málaga">Málaga</a></li> <li>2021 <a href="/wiki/Lisbon" title="Lisbon">Lisbon</a></li> <li>2022 <a href="/wiki/The_Hague" title="The Hague">The Hague</a></li> <li>2023 <a href="/wiki/Glasgow" title="Glasgow">Glasgow</a></li> <li>2024 <a href="/wiki/Genoa" title="Genoa">Genoa</a></li> <li>2025 <a href="/wiki/Tallinn" title="Tallinn">Tallinn</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Districts_and_cadastral_areas_of_Prague_24px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Prague&#124;link=Prague291" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Districts_and_cadastral_areas_of_Prague" title="Template:Districts and cadastral areas of Prague"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Districts_and_cadastral_areas_of_Prague" title="Template talk:Districts and cadastral areas of Prague"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Districts_and_cadastral_areas_of_Prague" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Districts and cadastral areas of Prague"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Districts_and_cadastral_areas_of_Prague_24px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Prague&#124;link=Prague291" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Districts_of_Prague" title="Districts of Prague">Districts</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cadastre" title="Cadastre">cadastral</a> areas of <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Prague</a> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Prague" title="Prague"><img alt="Prague" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Flag_of_Prague.svg/24px-Flag_of_Prague.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Flag_of_Prague.svg/36px-Flag_of_Prague.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Flag_of_Prague.svg/48px-Flag_of_Prague.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Former names shown in <i>italics</i></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Big municipal<br />districts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prague_1" title="Prague 1">Prague 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prague_2" title="Prague 2">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prague_3" title="Prague 3">3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prague_4" title="Prague 4">4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prague_5" title="Prague 5">5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prague_6" title="Prague 6">6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prague_7" title="Prague 7">7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prague_8" title="Prague 8">8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prague_9" title="Prague 9">9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prague_10" title="Prague 10">10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prague_11" title="Prague 11">11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prague_12" title="Prague 12">12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prague_13" title="Prague 13">13</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prague_14" title="Prague 14">14</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prague_15" title="Prague 15">15</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prague_16" title="Prague 16">16 (<i>Radotín</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prague_17" title="Prague 17">17 (<i>Řepy</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prague_18" title="Prague 18">18 (<i>Letňany</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prague_19" title="Prague 19">19 (<i>Kbely</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prague_20" title="Prague 20">20 (<i>Horní Počernice</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prague_21" title="Prague 21">21 (<i>Újezd nad Lesy</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prague_22" title="Prague 22">22 (<i>Uhříněves</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Small municipal<br />districts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/B%C4%9Bchovice" title="Běchovice">Běchovice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benice_(Prague)" title="Benice (Prague)">Benice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C5%99ezin%C4%9Bves" title="Březiněves">Březiněves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cakovice" title="Čakovice">Čakovice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%8E%C3%A1blice" title="Ďáblice">Ďáblice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doln%C3%AD_Chabry" title="Dolní Chabry">Dolní Chabry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doln%C3%AD_M%C4%9Bcholupy" title="Dolní Měcholupy">Dolní Měcholupy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doln%C3%AD_Po%C4%8Dernice" title="Dolní Počernice">Dolní Počernice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dube%C4%8D" title="Dubeč">Dubeč</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kl%C3%A1novice" title="Klánovice">Klánovice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kolod%C4%9Bje" title="Koloděje">Koloděje</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kolovraty" title="Kolovraty">Kolovraty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kr%C3%A1lovice_(Prague)" title="Královice (Prague)">Královice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C5%99eslice" title="Křeslice">Křeslice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kunratice_(Prague)" title="Kunratice (Prague)">Kunratice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libu%C5%A1" title="Libuš">Libuš</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lipence" title="Lipence">Lipence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lochkov" title="Lochkov">Lochkov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lysolaje_(Prague)" title="Lysolaje (Prague)">Lysolaje</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nebu%C5%A1ice" title="Nebušice">Nebušice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nedv%C4%9Bz%C3%AD_u_%C5%98%C3%AD%C4%8Dan" title="Nedvězí u Říčan">Nedvězí</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petrovice_(Prague)" title="Petrovice (Prague)">Petrovice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P%C5%99edn%C3%AD_Kopanina" title="Přední Kopanina">Přední Kopanina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%98eporyje" title="Řeporyje">Řeporyje</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satalice" title="Satalice">Satalice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slivenec" title="Slivenec">Slivenec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suchdol_(Prague)" title="Suchdol (Prague)">Suchdol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0eberov" title="Šeberov">Šeberov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0t%C4%9Brboholy" title="Štěrboholy">Štěrboholy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Troja_(Prague)" title="Troja (Prague)">Troja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%9Ajezd_u_Pr%C5%AFhonic" class="mw-redirect" title="Újezd u Průhonic">Újezd u Průhonic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Velk%C3%A1_Chuchle" title="Velká Chuchle">Velká Chuchle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vino%C5%99" title="Vinoř">Vinoř</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zbraslav" title="Zbraslav">Zbraslav</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zli%C4%8D%C3%ADn" title="Zličín">Zličín</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cadastre" title="Cadastre">Cadastral</a> areas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/B%C4%9Bchovice" title="Běchovice">Běchovice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benice_(Prague)" title="Benice (Prague)">Benice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bohnice" title="Bohnice">Bohnice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bran%C3%ADk" title="Braník">Braník</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C5%99evnov" title="Břevnov">Břevnov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C5%99ezin%C4%9Bves" title="Březiněves">Březiněves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bubene%C4%8D" title="Bubeneč">Bubeneč</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cakovice" title="Čakovice">Čakovice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cern%C3%BD_Most" title="Černý Most">Černý Most</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chodov_(Prague)" title="Chodov (Prague)">Chodov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cholupice" title="Cholupice">Cholupice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cimice" class="mw-redirect" title="Čimice">Čimice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%8E%C3%A1blice" title="Ďáblice">Ďáblice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dejvice" title="Dejvice">Dejvice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doln%C3%AD_Chabry" title="Dolní Chabry">Dolní Chabry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doln%C3%AD_M%C4%9Bcholupy" title="Dolní Měcholupy">Dolní Měcholupy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doln%C3%AD_Po%C4%8Dernice" title="Dolní Počernice">Dolní Počernice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dube%C4%8D" title="Dubeč">Dubeč</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%A1je_(Prague)" title="Háje (Prague)">Háje</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%A1jek_(Prague)" title="Hájek (Prague)">Hájek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hloub%C4%9Bt%C3%ADn" title="Hloubětín">Hloubětín</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hlubo%C4%8Depy" title="Hlubočepy">Hlubočepy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hodkovi%C4%8Dky" title="Hodkovičky">Hodkovičky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hole%C5%A1ovice" title="Holešovice">Holešovice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holyn%C4%9B" title="Holyně">Holyně</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horn%C3%AD_M%C4%9Bcholupy" title="Horní Měcholupy">Horní Měcholupy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horn%C3%AD_Po%C4%8Dernice" class="mw-redirect" title="Horní Počernice">Horní Počernice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hostavice" title="Hostavice">Hostavice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hostiva%C5%99" title="Hostivař">Hostivař</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hrad%C4%8Dany" title="Hradčany">Hradčany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hrdlo%C5%99ezy_(Prague)" title="Hrdlořezy (Prague)">Hrdlořezy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jinonice" title="Jinonice">Jinonice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josefov" title="Josefov">Josefov (Jewish Quarter)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kam%C3%BDk_(Prague)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kamýk (Prague)">Kamýk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl%C3%ADn" title="Karlín">Karlín</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kl%C3%A1novice" title="Klánovice">Klánovice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kobylisy" title="Kobylisy">Kobylisy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kolod%C4%9Bje" title="Koloděje">Koloděje</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kolovraty" title="Kolovraty">Kolovraty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Komo%C5%99any" title="Komořany">Komořany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ko%C5%A1%C3%AD%C5%99e" title="Košíře">Košíře</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kr%C3%A1lovice_(Prague)" title="Královice (Prague)">Královice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kr%C4%8D" title="Krč">Krč</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C5%99eslice" title="Křeslice">Křeslice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kunratice_(Prague)" title="Kunratice (Prague)">Kunratice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyje" title="Kyje">Kyje</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lahovice" title="Lahovice">Lahovice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Let%C5%88any" title="Letňany">Letňany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lhotka_(Prague)" title="Lhotka (Prague)">Lhotka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libe%C5%88" title="Libeň">Libeň</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liboc" title="Liboc">Liboc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libu%C5%A1" title="Libuš">Libuš</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lipany_(Prague)" title="Lipany (Prague)">Lipany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lipence" title="Lipence">Lipence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lochkov" title="Lochkov">Lochkov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lysolaje_(Prague)" title="Lysolaje (Prague)">Lysolaje</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mal%C3%A1_Chuchle" title="Malá Chuchle">Malá Chuchle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mal%C3%A1_Strana" title="Malá Strana">Malá Strana ("Lesser Town")</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Male%C5%A1ice" title="Malešice">Malešice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michle" title="Michle">Michle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mi%C5%A1kovice" title="Miškovice">Miškovice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mod%C5%99any" title="Modřany">Modřany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motol_(Prague)" title="Motol (Prague)">Motol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nebu%C5%A1ice" title="Nebušice">Nebušice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nedv%C4%9Bz%C3%AD_u_%C5%98%C3%AD%C4%8Dan" title="Nedvězí u Říčan">Nedvězí u Říčan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Town,_Prague" title="New Town, Prague">Nové Město ("New Town")</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nusle" title="Nusle">Nusle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petrovice_(Prague)" title="Petrovice (Prague)">Petrovice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P%C3%ADsnice" title="Písnice">Písnice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pitkovice" class="mw-redirect" title="Pitkovice">Pitkovice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Podol%C3%AD_(Prague)" title="Podolí (Prague)">Podolí</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P%C5%99edn%C3%AD_Kopanina" title="Přední Kopanina">Přední Kopanina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prosek_(Prague)" title="Prosek (Prague)">Prosek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radlice_(Prague)" title="Radlice (Prague)">Radlice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radot%C3%ADn" class="mw-redirect" title="Radotín">Radotín</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%98eporyje" title="Řeporyje">Řeporyje</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%98epy" title="Řepy">Řepy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruzyn%C4%9B" title="Ruzyně">Ruzyně</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satalice" title="Satalice">Satalice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sedlec_(Prague)" title="Sedlec (Prague)">Sedlec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slivenec" title="Slivenec">Slivenec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sm%C3%ADchov" title="Smíchov">Smíchov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sob%C3%ADn" title="Sobín">Sobín</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Town_(Prague)" title="Old Town (Prague)">Staré Město ("Old Town")</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0t%C4%9Brboholy" title="Štěrboholy">Štěrboholy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stod%C5%AFlky" title="Stodůlky">Stodůlky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stra%C5%A1nice" title="Strašnice">Strašnice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St%C5%99e%C5%A1ovice" title="Střešovice">Střešovice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St%C5%99%C3%AD%C5%BEkov" title="Střížkov">Střížkov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suchdol_(Prague)" title="Suchdol (Prague)">Suchdol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/To%C4%8Dn%C3%A1" title="Točná">Točná</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C5%99ebonice" title="Třebonice">Třebonice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C5%99eboradice" title="Třeboradice">Třeboradice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Troja_(Prague)" title="Troja (Prague)">Troja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uh%C5%99%C3%ADn%C4%9Bves" class="mw-redirect" title="Uhříněves">Uhříněves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%9Ajezd_nad_Lesy" class="mw-redirect" title="Újezd nad Lesy">Újezd nad Lesy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%9Ajezd_(Prague)" title="Újezd (Prague)">Újezd (u Průhonic)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veleslav%C3%ADn" title="Veleslavín">Veleslavín</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Velk%C3%A1_Chuchle" title="Velká Chuchle">Velká Chuchle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vinohrady" title="Vinohrady">Vinohrady</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vino%C5%99" title="Vinoř">Vinoř</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vokovice" title="Vokovice">Vokovice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vr%C5%A1ovice" title="Vršovice">Vršovice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vy%C5%A1ehrad" title="Vyšehrad">Vyšehrad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vyso%C4%8Dany" title="Vysočany">Vysočany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Z%C3%A1b%C4%9Bhlice" title="Záběhlice">Záběhlice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zadn%C3%AD_Kopanina" title="Zadní Kopanina">Zadní Kopanina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zbraslav" title="Zbraslav">Zbraslav</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%BDi%C5%BEkov" title="Žižkov">Žižkov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zli%C4%8D%C3%ADn" title="Zličín">Zličín</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Regions_of_the_Czech_Republic33" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a 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href="/wiki/Hradec_Kr%C3%A1lov%C3%A9_Region" title="Hradec Králové Region">Hradec Králové</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karlovy_Vary_Region" title="Karlovy Vary Region">Karlovy Vary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberec_Region" title="Liberec Region">Liberec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moravian-Silesian_Region" title="Moravian-Silesian Region">Moravian-Silesian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olomouc_Region" title="Olomouc Region">Olomouc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pardubice_Region" title="Pardubice Region">Pardubice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plze%C5%88_Region" title="Plzeň Region">Plzeň</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Prague</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Bohemian_Region" title="South Bohemian Region">South Bohemian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Moravian_Region" title="South Moravian Region">South Moravian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%9Ast%C3%AD_nad_Labem_Region" title="Ústí nad Labem Region">Ústí nad Labem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vyso%C4%8Dina_Region" title="Vysočina Region">Vysočina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zl%C3%ADn_Region" title="Zlín Region">Zlín</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Administrative_seats_of_Czech_regions_23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=&#124;link=168" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Czech_Seats" title="Template:Czech Seats"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Czech_Seats" title="Template talk:Czech Seats"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Czech_Seats" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Czech Seats"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Administrative_seats_of_Czech_regions_23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=&#124;link=168" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Administrative seats of <a href="/wiki/Regions_of_the_Czech_Republic" title="Regions of the Czech Republic">Czech regions</a> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/60px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brno" title="Brno">Brno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cesk%C3%A9_Bud%C4%9Bjovice" title="České Budějovice">České Budějovice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hradec_Kr%C3%A1lov%C3%A9" title="Hradec Králové">Hradec Králové</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jihlava" title="Jihlava">Jihlava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karlovy_Vary" title="Karlovy Vary">Karlovy Vary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberec" title="Liberec">Liberec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olomouc" title="Olomouc">Olomouc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ostrava" title="Ostrava">Ostrava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pardubice" title="Pardubice">Pardubice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plze%C5%88" title="Plzeň">Plzeň</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Prague</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%9Ast%C3%AD_nad_Labem" title="Ústí nad Labem">Ústí nad Labem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zl%C3%ADn" title="Zlín">Zlín</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Czech flag"><img alt="Czech flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/60px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239334494">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="World_Heritage_Sites_in_the_Czech_Republic346" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:World_Heritage_Sites_in_the_Czech_Republic" title="Template:World Heritage Sites in the Czech Republic"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:World_Heritage_Sites_in_the_Czech_Republic" title="Template talk:World Heritage Sites in the Czech Republic"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:World_Heritage_Sites_in_the_Czech_Republic" title="Special:EditPage/Template:World Heritage Sites in the Czech Republic"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="World_Heritage_Sites_in_the_Czech_Republic346" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_the_Czech_Republic" title="List of World Heritage Sites in the Czech Republic">World Heritage Sites in the Czech Republic</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cesk%C3%BD_Krumlov" title="Český Krumlov">Český Krumlov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ore_Mountain_Mining_Region" title="Ore Mountain Mining Region">Erzgebirge/Krušnohoří Mining Region</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Great_Spa_Towns_of_Europe" class="mw-redirect" title="The Great Spa Towns of Europe">The Great Spa Towns of Europe</a><sup><small>2</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krom%C4%9B%C5%99%C3%AD%C5%BE_Archbishop%27s_Palace" class="mw-redirect" title="Kroměříž Archbishop's Palace">Gardens and Castle at Kroměříž</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hola%C5%A1ovice" title="Holašovice">Holašovice</a> <small>Historical Village Reservation</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Trinity_Column_in_Olomouc" class="mw-redirect" title="Holy Trinity Column in Olomouc">Holy Trinity Column in Olomouc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_Quarter_of_T%C5%99eb%C3%AD%C4%8D" title="Jewish Quarter of Třebíč">Jewish Quarter</a> <small>and</small> <a href="/wiki/St._Procopius_Basilica_in_T%C5%99eb%C3%AD%C4%8D" title="St. Procopius Basilica in Třebíč">St. Procopius Basilica in Třebíč</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kutn%C3%A1_Hora" title="Kutná Hora">Kutná Hora</a></li> <li>Landscape for Breeding and Training of Ceremonial Carriage Horses at <a href="/wiki/Kladruby_nad_Labem" title="Kladruby nad Labem">Kladruby nad Labem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lednice%E2%80%93Valtice_Cultural_Landscape" title="Lednice–Valtice Cultural Landscape">Lednice–Valtice Cultural Landscape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Litomy%C5%A1l_Castle" title="Litomyšl Castle">Litomyšl Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pilgrimage_Church_of_Saint_John_of_Nepomuk" title="Pilgrimage Church of Saint John of Nepomuk">Pilgrimage Church of Saint John of Nepomuk</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Prague</a> <small>and</small> <a href="/wiki/Pr%C5%AFhonice" title="Průhonice">Průhonice Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tel%C4%8D" title="Telč">Telč</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villa_Tugendhat" title="Villa Tugendhat">Villa Tugendhat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%BDatec" title="Žatec">Žatec</a> and the Landscape of Saaz Hops</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_and_Primeval_Beech_Forests_of_the_Carpathians_and_Other_Regions_of_Europe" title="Ancient and Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians and Other Regions of Europe">Ancient and Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians and Other Regions of Europe</a><sup><small>3</small></sup></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-right mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of the Czech Republic"><img alt="Flag of the Czech Republic" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/60px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/120px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>Flag of the Czech Republic</figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><sup>1</sup> Shared with <a href="/wiki/Template:World_Heritage_Sites_in_Germany" title="Template:World Heritage Sites in Germany"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:black">Germany</span></a>; <sup>2</sup> Shared with six countries; <sup>3</sup> Shared with 17 countries</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1085#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata2831" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1085#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata2831" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1085#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000406102462">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/29146095207600371602">VIAF</a></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/124497561">2</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1205207/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJx8GftxppRcBGc7cYtdwC">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4076310-9">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n79055764">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb15239961p">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb15239961p">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00629158">Japan</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an36750052">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Praha (Česko)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ge118011&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Praha (Česko : kraj)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ge128547&CON_LNG=ENG">2</a></span></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datos.bne.es/resource/XX451702">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810622027405606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007561803005171">Israel</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058616125506706">Catalonia</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/area/0a65a727-7465-4e6c-8b15-ed4d09e021ee">MusicBrainz area</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/118913">Pleiades</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td 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