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data-file-height=\"600\" /\u003E\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/td\u003E\n\u003Ctd class=\"mbox-text\" style=\"\"\u003E Započelo je izjašnjavanje zajednice o usvajanju \u003Ca href=\"/wiki/Wikipedija:Zahtjev_za_komentare/Detaljni_kriteriji_zna%C4%8Dajnosti_po_temama\" title=\"Wikipedija:Zahtjev za komentare/Detaljni kriteriji značajnosti po temama\"\u003E\u003Cb\u003EKriterija značajnosti po temama\u003C/b\u003E\u003C/a\u003E \u003C/td\u003E\n\u003C/tr\u003E\n\u003C/tbody\u003E\u003C/table\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E";}}());</script></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Mrežno mjesto"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Sadržaj" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Sadržaj</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">premjesti</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">sakrij</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Početak</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Primjena" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Primjena"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Primjena</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Primjena-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vrste" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vrste"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Vrste</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vrste-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Brzina" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Brzina"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Brzina</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Brzina-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Sadržaj cjeline Brzina</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Brzina-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Brzina_čitanja" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Brzina_čitanja"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Brzina čitanja</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Brzina_čitanja-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Brzina_upisivanja" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Brzina_upisivanja"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Brzina upisivanja</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Brzina_upisivanja-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Trajnost_EEPROM/EAROM" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Trajnost_EEPROM/EAROM"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Trajnost EEPROM/EAROM</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Trajnost_EEPROM/EAROM-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Sadržaj" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Prikaz sadržaja stranice" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Prikaz sadržaja stranice</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">ROM</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Idi na druge jezične varijante članka. Dostupan je na 74 jezika" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-74" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">74 jezika</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B0%D8%A7%D9%83%D8%B1%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A1%D8%A9_%D9%81%D9%82%D8%B7" title="ذاكرة القراءة فقط – arapski" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ذاكرة القراءة فقط" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arapski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memoria_de_solo_llectura" title="Memoria de solo llectura – asturijski" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Memoria de solo llectura" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daimi_yadda%C5%9F_qur%C4%9Fusu" title="Daimi yaddaş qurğusu – azerbajdžanski" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Daimi yaddaş qurğusu" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbajdžanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Пастаянная запамінальная прылада – bjeloruski" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Пастаянная запамінальная прылада" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bjeloruski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/ROM" title="ROM – bugarski" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="ROM" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bugarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%AE" title="রম – bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="রম" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/ROM" title="ROM – bosanski" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="ROM" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mem%C3%B2ria_ROM" title="Memòria ROM – katalonski" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Memòria ROM" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%B1%DA%AF%DB%95%DB%8C_%DA%BE%DB%95%D8%B1-%D8%AE%D9%88%DB%8E%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%86%DB%8C" title="بیرگەی ھەر-خوێندنی – soranski kurdski" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="بیرگەی ھەر-خوێندنی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="soranski kurdski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/ROM" title="ROM – češki" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="ROM" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="češki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/ROM" title="ROM – velški" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="ROM" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="velški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rom_(hukommelse)" title="Rom (hukommelse) – danski" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Rom (hukommelse)" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Festwertspeicher" title="Festwertspeicher – njemački" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Festwertspeicher" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="njemački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/ROM_(%CE%BC%CE%BD%CE%AE%CE%BC%CE%B7)" title="ROM (μνήμη) – grčki" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="ROM (μνήμη)" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grčki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Read-only_memory" title="Read-only memory – engleski" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Read-only memory" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engleski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memoria_de_solo_lectura" title="Memoria de solo lectura – španjolski" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Memoria de solo lectura" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="španjolski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%BCsim%C3%A4lu" title="Püsimälu – estonski" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Püsimälu" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Read_Only_Memory" title="Read Only Memory – baskijski" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Read Only Memory" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%B8%D9%87_%D9%81%D9%82%D8%B7_%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%86%DB%8C" title="حافظه فقط خواندنی – perzijski" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="حافظه فقط خواندنی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perzijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lukumuisti" title="Lukumuisti – finski" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Lukumuisti" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A9moire_morte" title="Mémoire morte – francuski" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Mémoire morte" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francuski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memorie_di_sole_leture" title="Memorie di sole leture – furlanski" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Memorie di sole leture" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="furlanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%AAs%C3%BBnth%C3%A2ld" title="Lêsûnthâld – zapadnofrizijski" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Lêsûnthâld" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="zapadnofrizijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cuimhne_inl%C3%A9ite_amh%C3%A1in" title="Cuimhne inléite amháin – irski" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Cuimhne inléite amháin" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/ROM" title="ROM – galicijski" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="ROM" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%96%D7%99%D7%9B%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%9F_%D7%9C%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%90%D7%94_%D7%91%D7%9C%D7%91%D7%93" title="זיכרון לקריאה בלבד – hebrejski" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="זיכרון לקריאה בלבד" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebrejski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AE_(ROM)" title="रोम (ROM) – hindski" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="रोम (ROM)" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/ROM" title="ROM – mađarski" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="ROM" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="mađarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memori_hanya_baca" title="Memori hanya baca – indonezijski" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Memori hanya baca" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonezijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lesminni" title="Lesminni – islandski" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Lesminni" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Read_Only_Memory" title="Read Only Memory – talijanski" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Read Only Memory" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="talijanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/Read_only_memory" title="Read only memory – japanski" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="Read only memory" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D2%B1%D1%80%D0%B0%D2%9B%D1%82%D1%8B_%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%83_%D2%9B%D2%B1%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BB%D2%93%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%8B" title="Тұрақты жадтау құрылғысы – kazaški" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Тұрақты жадтау құрылғысы" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazaški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B3%A0%EC%A0%95_%EA%B8%B0%EC%96%B5_%EC%9E%A5%EC%B9%98" title="고정 기억 장치 – korejski" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="고정 기억 장치" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korejski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memoria_fixa" title="Memoria fixa – latinski" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Memoria fixa" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latinski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Read_Only_Memory" title="Read Only Memory – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Read Only Memory" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pastovioji_atmintis" title="Pastovioji atmintis – litavski" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Pastovioji atmintis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litavski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Las%C4%81matmi%C5%86a" title="Lasāmatmiņa – latvijski" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Lasāmatmiņa" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="latvijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%A8%D0%AF" title="ЭШЯ – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="ЭШЯ" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/ROM_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="ROM меморија – makedonski" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="ROM меморија" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A1%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%92%E0%B5%BA%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BF_%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%BF" title="റീഡ് ഒൺലി മെമ്മറി – malajalamski" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="റീഡ് ഒൺലി മെമ്മറി" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malajalamski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%82%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BB_%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%85_%D0%BE%D0%B9" title="Тогтмол санах ой – mongolski" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Тогтмол санах ой" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongolski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%94%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%97-%EA%AF%91%EA%AF%A3%EA%AF%9F%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A4_%EA%AF%83%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%83%EA%AF%A3%EA%AF%94%EA%AF%A4" title="ꯔꯤꯗ-ꯑꯣꯟꯂꯤ ꯃꯦꯃꯣꯔꯤ – manipurski" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯔꯤꯗ-ꯑꯣꯟꯂꯤ ꯃꯦꯃꯣꯔꯤ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="manipurski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingatan_baca_sahaja" title="Ingatan baca sahaja – malajski" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Ingatan baca sahaja" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Read-only_memory" title="Read-only memory – nizozemski" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Read-only memory" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nizozemski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Read-only_memory" title="Read-only memory – norveški nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Read-only memory" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norveški nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skrivebeskyttet_minne" title="Skrivebeskyttet minne – norveški bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Skrivebeskyttet minne" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norveški bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%AE_(%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%88%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80)" title="ਰੋਮ (ਮੈਮਰੀ) – pandžapski" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਰੋਮ (ਮੈਮਰੀ)" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="pandžapski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pami%C4%99%C4%87_tylko_do_odczytu" title="Pamięć tylko do odczytu – poljski" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Pamięć tylko do odczytu" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poljski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mem%C3%B3ria_somente_de_leitura" title="Memória somente de leitura – portugalski" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Memória somente de leitura" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memorie_ROM" title="Memorie ROM – rumunjski" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Memorie ROM" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumunjski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8E%D1%89%D0%B5%D0%B5_%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Постоянное запоминающее устройство – ruski" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Постоянное запоминающее устройство" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ruski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/ROM" title="ROM – srpsko-hrvatski" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="ROM" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="srpsko-hrvatski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B4%E0%B6%A8%E0%B6%B1_%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB_%E0%B6%B8%E0%B6%AD%E0%B6%9A%E0%B6%BA" title="පඨන මාත්‍ර මතකය – sinhaleški" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="පඨන මාත්‍ර මතකය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="sinhaleški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Read-only_memory" title="Read-only memory – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Read-only memory" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Permanentn%C3%A1_pam%C3%A4%C5%A5_(ROM)" title="Permanentná pamäť (ROM) – slovački" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Permanentná pamäť (ROM)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bralni_pomnilnik" title="Bralni pomnilnik – slovenski" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Bralni pomnilnik" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovenski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kujtesa_vet%C3%ABm_p%C3%ABr_lexim" title="Kujtesa vetëm për lexim – albanski" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Kujtesa vetëm për lexim" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/ROM" title="ROM – srpski" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="ROM" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="srpski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/ROM" title="ROM – sundanski" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="ROM" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sundanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Read-only_memory" title="Read-only memory – švedski" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Read-only memory" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="švedski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/KUSOTU" title="KUSOTU – svahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="KUSOTU" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="svahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B1%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BE_%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="மாற்றவியலா நினைவகம் – tamilski" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மாற்றவியலா நினைவகம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%93%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%80_%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%80" title="రీడ్ ఓన్లీ మెమరీ – teluški" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="రీడ్ ఓన్లీ మెమరీ" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="teluški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8_%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BF%D1%8E%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Хотираи берунии компютер – tadžički" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Хотираи берунии компютер" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadžički" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A7" title="หน่วยความจำอ่านอย่างเดียว – tajlandski" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="หน่วยความจำอ่านอย่างเดียว" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tajlandski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sadece_okunabilir_bellek" title="Sadece okunabilir bellek – turski" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Sadece okunabilir bellek" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/ROM" title="ROM – ujgurski" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="ROM" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="ujgurski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BC%27%D1%8F%D1%82%D1%8C_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%96%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%B7%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%96%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F" title="Пам'ять постійного зберігання – ukrajinski" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Пам'ять постійного зберігання" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrajinski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%88_%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%86%D9%84%DB%8C_%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="ریڈ اونلی میموری – urdski" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ریڈ اونلی میموری" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%E1%BB%99_nh%E1%BB%9B_ch%E1%BB%89_%C4%91%E1%BB%8Dc" title="Bộ nhớ chỉ đọc – vijetnamski" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Bộ nhớ chỉ đọc" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vijetnamski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8F%AA%E8%AF%BB%E5%AD%98%E5%82%A8%E5%99%A8" title="只读存储器 – wu kineski" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="只读存储器" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu kineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%94%AF%E8%AE%80%E8%A8%98%E6%86%B6%E9%AB%94" title="唯讀記憶體 – kineski" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="唯讀記憶體" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/ROM" title="ROM – kantonski" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="ROM" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q160710#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Poveznice na druge jezike" class="wbc-editpage">Uredi poveznice</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div 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class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Izgled"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Izgled</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">premjesti</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">sakrij</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Izvor: Wikipedija</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="hr" dir="ltr"><div class="hatnote"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Disambig.svg/20px-Disambig.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Disambig.svg/30px-Disambig.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Disambig.svg/40px-Disambig.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="230" data-file-height="183" /></span></span> <i>Ovo je glavno značenje pojma <b>ROM</b>. Za registracijsku oznaku <a href="/wiki/Rumunjska" title="Rumunjska">Rumunjske</a> pogledajte <a href="/wiki/ROM_(registracijska_oznaka)" title="ROM (registracijska oznaka)">ROM (registracijska oznaka)</a>.</i></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:ROMchip.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/ROMchip.jpg/300px-ROMchip.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/ROMchip.jpg/450px-ROMchip.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/ROMchip.jpg/600px-ROMchip.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>Tipičan primjer ROM čipa</figcaption></figure> <p><b>ROM</b> (skraćeno od engl. <b>Read-Only Memory</b> – <a href="/wiki/Ra%C4%8Dunalna_memorija" title="Računalna memorija">memorija</a> iz koje se podatci mogu samo čitati). Koristi se kao medij za pohranu <a href="/wiki/Podatak" title="Podatak">podataka</a> u <a href="/wiki/Ra%C4%8Dunalo" title="Računalo">računalima</a>. Zbog toga što se na ovakav <a href="/w/index.php?title=Medij_(informatika)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Medij (informatika) (stranica ne postoji)">medij</a> podatci ne mogu (na jednostavan način) zapisivati, njegova upotreba je najčešća kod distribucije <a href="/wiki/Firmware" title="Firmware">firmvera</a> (vrste <a href="/wiki/Softver" class="mw-redirect" title="Softver">softvera</a> što je u uskoj vezi s <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ra%C4%8Dunalni_hardver&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Računalni hardver (stranica ne postoji)">računalnim hardverom</a>, gdje nema potrebe za čestim ažuriranjem). </p><p>Današnji <a href="/wiki/Poluvodi%C4%8D" title="Poluvodič">poluvodički</a> ROM ima tipičan oblik <a href="/wiki/Integrirani_krug" title="Integrirani krug">integriranog kruga</a>, ono što obično zovemo "čip", a razlikujemo ga od ostalih "čipova" često samo po upisanim oznakama. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Primjena">Primjena</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=ROM&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Uredi odlomak: Primjena" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=ROM&action=edit&section=1" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Primjena"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mnogi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikrokontroler&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mikrokontroler (stranica ne postoji)">mikrokontroleri</a> objedinjuju na jednom <a href="/wiki/Integrirani_krug" title="Integrirani krug">čipu</a> ROM program, jezgru <a href="/wiki/Procesor_(ra%C4%8Dunarstvo)" title="Procesor (računarstvo)">procesora</a>, neke intergrirane <a href="/w/index.php?title=Periferna_jedinica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Periferna jedinica (stranica ne postoji)">periferne jedinice</a> i <a href="/wiki/RAM" title="RAM">RAM</a>. Praktično svi <a href="/wiki/Mikroprogramiranje" title="Mikroprogramiranje">mikroprogramirani</a> procesori imaju na istom čipu neku vrstu ROM-a koji sadrži kontrole. </p><p>U ranim <a href="/wiki/1980-ih" title="1980-ih">1980-im</a>, kućna računala su imala kompletan <a href="/wiki/Operacijski_sustav" title="Operacijski sustav">operacijski sustav</a> na ROM-u. Potreba za nadogradnjnom tada je iziskivala zamjenu starog čipa novim korištenjem <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lemilo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lemilo (stranica ne postoji)">lemila</a> i sličnih alata. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Igra%C4%87a_konzola" title="Igraća konzola">Konzole za igranje</a> od 1970-ih do sredine 1990-ih godina su kao primarni način distribuiranja <a href="/wiki/Softver" class="mw-redirect" title="Softver">softvera</a> koristile ROM upakiran u plastična kućišta. Ovaj način bio je u primjeni i kod nekih kućnih računara. Od 2000. godine, samo ručne konzole za igranje koriste ovakva kućišta. </p><p>Trenutno postoji tendencija smještanja softvera na diskove umjesto na ROM. Ovo omogućava lakše izmjene, a ni operativni sustavi se više gotovo uopće ne smještaju na ROM. Ipak, ROM je zadržao svoju primjenu kod računala, npr. za smještaj <a href="/wiki/BIOS" title="BIOS">BIOSa</a>, ali i tu u svojoj modificiranoj inačici - <a href="/w/index.php?title=Flash-ROM&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Flash-ROM (stranica ne postoji)">Flash-ROM</a>. <a href="/wiki/Mobilni_telefon" title="Mobilni telefon">Mobilni telefoni</a> i neki drugi ručni elektronski uređaji koji barataju podatcima također koriste ROM ili <a href="/wiki/Flash_memorija" title="Flash memorija">flash memoriju</a>. </p><p>Jedan od razloga zbog kojih je ROM još uvijek u upotrebi je brzina - <a href="/w/index.php?title=Magnetni_disk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Magnetni disk (stranica ne postoji)">magnetni diskovi</a> su mnogo sporiji. Drugi je činjenica da se upravljački program potreban za rad diska ne može nalaziti na samom disku. Zato je <a href="/wiki/BIOS" title="BIOS">BIOS</a> još uvijek na ROM-u. Uz ovo, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mre%C5%BEna_karta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mrežna karta (stranica ne postoji)">mrežne</a> i <a href="/wiki/Grafi%C4%8Dka_kartica" title="Grafička kartica">grafičke karte</a> neke svoje osnovne funkcije implementiraju preko softvera pohranjenog na ROM-u. Dalje, u posebno teškim radnim uvjetima (vibracije, veliko ubrzanje), gdje su diskovi neprimjenljivi zbog svoje osjetljivosti, ROM je nezamjenljiv. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vrste">Vrste</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=ROM&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Uredi odlomak: Vrste" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=ROM&action=edit&section=2" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Vrste"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kod klasičnih ROM čipova, podatci se na njih upisuju tijekom samog procesa proizvodnje i kasnije se ne mogu mijenjati. Ali, ima i drugih vrsta ROM-a kod kojih je to moguće: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/PROM_(ra%C4%8Dunalstvo)" title="PROM (računalstvo)">PROM</a> (skraćeno od engl. <i>Programmable Read-Only Memory</i>) koji se mogu programirati upotrebom posebnog uređaja - PROM programera. Često se prilikom upisivanja podataka na ovaj način kidaju unutrašnje veze, te se zbog toga PROM može samo jednom programirati.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/EPROM" title="EPROM">EPROM</a> (engl. <i>Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory</i>) - njihov sadržaj se može brisati izlaganjem ultraljubičastom (UV) svjetlu a zatim upisati drugi putem EPROM programera. Broj izlaganja UV zrakama nije neograničen.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=EAROM&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="EAROM (stranica ne postoji)">EAROM</a> (engl. <i>Electrically Alterable Read-Only Memory</i>) - može mu se mijenjati sadržaj, dio po dio, ali nije dizajniran za česte izmjene te uglavnom figurira kao ROM. Koristi se kao oblik sigurne pohrane sistemskih postavaka. Zamijenio ga je <a href="/wiki/CMOS" title="CMOS">CMOS</a> <a href="/wiki/RAM" title="RAM">RAM</a> podržan napajanjem iz <a href="/w/index.php?title=Litijeva_baterija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Litijeva baterija (stranica ne postoji)">litijeva baterije</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/EEPROM" title="EEPROM">EEPROM</a> (engl. <i>Electrically Erasable Read-Only Memory</i>) u formi flash memorije; može im se cijeli sadržaj, ili samo dio, izbrisati električnim putem, zatim novi podatci upisati bez potrebe za vađenjem čipa van računala (digitalnih kamera, MP3 uređaja i sl.). Ovaj proces je ipak sporiji od upisivanja podataka u RAM ili čitanja iz bilo kojeg ROM-a.</li> <li>Primjenom blokade upisivanja podataka, memorija iz koje se mogu i čitati i u nju upisivati podatci, može se privremeno pretvoriti u memoriju iz koje se podatci mogu samo čitati.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD-ROM" class="mw-redirect" title="CD-ROM">CD-ROM</a> nije oblik elektroničkog ROM-a, već je to vrsta <a href="/wiki/Kompaktni_disk" class="mw-redirect" title="Kompaktni disk">kompaktnog diska</a>. S CD-ROM-a se može samo čitati, odatle i naziv. Kod CD-R može se pisati samo jednom, nakon toga samo čitati (slično kod PROM) i CD-RW, u koga se može više puta upisivati i čitati (kao EEPROM).</li> <li>Diodni matrični ROM, nekad ugrađivan u računale i kod tipkovnica za <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ra%C4%8Dunalni_terminal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Računalni terminal (stranica ne postoji)">računale terminale</a>. Programiranje se vršilo postavljanjem diskretnih <a href="/wiki/Poluvodi%C4%8D" title="Poluvodič">poluvodičkih</a> <a href="/wiki/Dioda" title="Dioda">dioda</a> na određenim mjestima na <a href="/wiki/Tiskana_plo%C4%8Da" class="mw-redirect" title="Tiskana ploča">tiskanoj ploči</a>.</li> <li>Jedan oblik pred-poluvodičke ROM tehnologije bio je u primjeni kod <a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">NASA</a>-inog svemirskog programa <a href="/wiki/Projekt_Apollo" class="mw-redirect" title="Projekt Apollo">Apollo</a>. Programiranje se vršilo ručnim omotavanjem žice unutar i okolo <a href="/wiki/Ferit" title="Ferit">feritne</a> jezgre <a href="/wiki/Transformator" title="Transformator">transformatora</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Brzina">Brzina</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=ROM&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Uredi odlomak: Brzina" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=ROM&action=edit&section=3" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Brzina"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Brzina_čitanja"><span id="Brzina_.C4.8Ditanja"></span>Brzina čitanja</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=ROM&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Uredi odlomak: Brzina čitanja" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=ROM&action=edit&section=4" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Brzina čitanja"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Iako je tijekom vremena bilo razlika, današnji veliki RAM se čita brže nego veliki ROM. Iz tog razloga se sadržaj ROM-a često kopira u RAM a zatim iz njega čita (<i>shadowed</i>, npr. kod BIOS-a). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Brzina_upisivanja">Brzina upisivanja</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=ROM&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Uredi odlomak: Brzina upisivanja" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=ROM&action=edit&section=5" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Brzina upisivanja"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kod onih vrsta ROM-a u koje se može upisivati, upisivanje je uvijek znatno sporije od čitanja i zahtijeva ili promjene napona ili prilagođavanje - džampera (engl. jumper - kratkospojnik/u računarskoj tehnici/). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Trajnost_EEPROM/EAROM"><span id="Trajnost_EEPROM.2FEAROM"></span>Trajnost EEPROM/EAROM</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=ROM&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Uredi odlomak: Trajnost EEPROM/EAROM" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=ROM&action=edit&section=6" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Trajnost EEPROM/EAROM"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Zbog toga što se podatci u njih upisuju prisilnim prolazom <a href="/wiki/Elektron" title="Elektron">elektrona</a> kroz <a href="/wiki/Elektri%C4%8Dni_izolator" title="Električni izolator">izolatorski</a> sloj na plutajuću bazu <a href="/wiki/Tranzistor" title="Tranzistor">tranzistora</a>, s vremenom se izolacija oštećuje. Kod starijih tipova EAROM-a, oštećenja su nastupala već poslije 1.000 upisivanja. Moderni EEPROM-i mogu pretrpiti od nekoliko desetaka do nekoliko stotina tisuća ciklusa. Pošto ovaj broj nije neograničen, kao i zbog njihovog ograničenog i skupog kapaciteta, nije vjerojatno da će flash ROM zamijeniti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Magnetni_disk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Magnetni disk (stranica ne postoji)">magnetne diskove</a> u skoroj budućnosti. </p><p>Čitanje nije ograničeno. Jedino se može dogoditi da "curenje električnog naboja" s tranzistora izazvano ionizirajućom radijacijom skrati upotrebni vijek EEPROM i EAROM-a. </p>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Dobavljeno iz "<a dir="ltr" href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=ROM&oldid=6527460">https://hr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=ROM&oldid=6527460</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Posebno:Kategorije" title="Posebno:Kategorije">Kategorija</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Poluvodi%C4%8Dke_memorije" title="Kategorija:Poluvodičke memorije">Poluvodičke memorije</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Ova stranica posljednji je put uređivana 15. studenoga 2022. u 17:44.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Tekst je dostupan pod licencijom <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.hr">Creative Commons: Imenuj autora/Dijeli pod istim uvjetima</a>; mogu se primjenjivati i dodatni uvjeti. 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