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in habitat fragmentation and loss of connectivity. Yet, the abundance and distribution of most artificial barriers, excluding high-head dams, is poorly documented. We provide a comprehensive assessment of the distribution and typology of artificial barriers in Great Britain, and estimate for the first time the extent of river fragmentation. To this end, barrier data were compiled from existing databases and were ground-truthed by field surveys in England, Scotland and Wales to derive a correction factor for barrier density across Great Britain. Field surveys indicate that existing barrier databases underestimate barrier density by 68%, particularly in the case of low-head structures (\u003c1 m) which are often missing from current records. Field-corrected barrier density estimates ranged from 0.48 barriers/km in Scotland to 0.63 barriers/km in Wales, and 0.75 barriers/km in England. Corresponding estimates of stream fragmentation by weirs and dams only, measured as mean barrier-free length, were 12.30 km in Scotland, 6.68 km in Wales and 5.29 km in England, suggesting the extent of river modification differs between regions. Our study indicates that 97% of the river network in Great Britain is fragmented and less than 1% of the catchments are free of artificial barriers.","publication_date":"2019,7,1","publication_name":"Science of The Total Environment","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":"106101793"},"document_type":"paper","pre_hit_view_count_baseline":null,"quality":"high","language":"en","title":"A comprehensive assessment of stream fragmentation in Great Britain","broadcastable":false,"draft":null,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [14029]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "full_page_mobile_sutd_modal"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; window.loswp.appleClientId = 'edu.academia.applesignon';</script><script defer="" src="https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client"></script><div 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PDF</p></div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-container">Download Free PDF</div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-triangle"></div></button></div></div></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-information"><h1 class="ds-work-card--work-title">A comprehensive assessment of stream fragmentation in Great Britain</h1><div class="ds-work-card--work-authors ds-work-card--detail"><a class="ds-work-card--author js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="14029" href="https://swansea.academia.edu/LucaBorger"><img alt="Profile image of Luca Borger (Börger)" class="ds-work-card--author-avatar" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/14029/4718/1164091/s65_luca.b_rger.jpg" />Luca Borger (Börger)</a></div><div class="ds-work-card--detail"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2019, Science of The Total Environment</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--button-container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" 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data-login_uri="https://www.academia.edu/registrations/google_one_tap" data-moment_callback="onGoogleOneTapEvent" id="g_id_onload"></div><div class="ds-top-related-works--grid-container"><div class="ds-related-content--container ds-top-related-works--container"><h2 class="ds-related-content--heading">Related papers</h2><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="0" data-entity-id="63625168" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/63625168/More_than_one_million_barriers_fragment_Europe_s_rivers">More than one million barriers fragment Europe’s rivers</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="118516351" href="https://independent.academia.edu/gillessegura">gilles segura</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Nature</p><div 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Artificial structures have served multiple purposes, including provision of power for historic flour milling and iron ore crushing and provision of water for medieval fishponds, canals, crop irrigation and potable supply. Although unintentional, they can significantly affect longitudinal connectivity, including sediment delivery pathways, through river catchments.We report results from three spatially nested case studies that were undertaken in the Rother catchment, ranging in scale from small farm ponds of a few square metres in area, to larger in‐stream weirs and reservoirs (locally called ponds). Reservoirs typically trap sediment, decreasing sediment availability downstream, while inducing valley sediment accumulation upstream. We focus on the quantity and particle size characteristics of sediment trapped b...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Anthropogenic sediment traps and network dislocation in a lowland UK river","attachmentId":118745378,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/124539550/Anthropogenic_sediment_traps_and_network_dislocation_in_a_lowland_UK_river","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/124539550/Anthropogenic_sediment_traps_and_network_dislocation_in_a_lowland_UK_river"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="4" data-entity-id="109644672" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/109644672/Over_200_000_kilometers_of_free_flowing_river_habitat_in_Europe_is_altered_due_to_impoundments">Over 200,000 kilometers of free-flowing river habitat in Europe is altered due to impoundments</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="44360758" href="https://nauka-polska.academia.edu/JacekSzlakowski">Jacek Szlakowski</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Nature Communications</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">European rivers are disconnected by more than one million man-made barriers that physically limit aquatic species migration and contribute to modification of freshwater habitats. Here, a Conceptual Habitat Alteration Model for Ponding is developed to aid in evaluating the effects of impoundments on fish habitats. Fish communities present in rivers with low human impact and their broad environmental settings enable classification of European rivers into 15 macrohabitat types. These classifications, together with the estimated fish sensitivity to alteration of their habitat are used for assessing the impacts of six main barrier types (dams, weirs, sluices, culverts, fords, and ramps). Our results indicate that over 200,000 km or 10% of previously free-flowing river habitat has been altered due to impoundments. Although they appear less frequently, dams, weirs and sluices cause much more habitat alteration than the other types. Their impact is regionally diverse, which is a function of...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Over 200,000 kilometers of free-flowing river habitat in Europe is altered due to impoundments","attachmentId":107707495,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/109644672/Over_200_000_kilometers_of_free_flowing_river_habitat_in_Europe_is_altered_due_to_impoundments","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/109644672/Over_200_000_kilometers_of_free_flowing_river_habitat_in_Europe_is_altered_due_to_impoundments"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="72777400" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/72777400/A_Discussion_Paper_on_Cumulative_effects_from_alteration_of_headwater_drainage_features_and_the_loss_of_ecosystem_integrity_of_river_networks_Authors_Stanfield">A Discussion Paper on: Cumulative effects from alteration of headwater drainage features and the loss of ecosystem integrity of river networks Authors: Stanfield</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="52222281" href="https://independent.academia.edu/RMackereth">R. Mackereth</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2014</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"A Discussion Paper on: Cumulative effects from alteration of headwater drainage features and the loss of ecosystem integrity of river networks Authors: Stanfield","attachmentId":81569678,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/72777400/A_Discussion_Paper_on_Cumulative_effects_from_alteration_of_headwater_drainage_features_and_the_loss_of_ecosystem_integrity_of_river_networks_Authors_Stanfield","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/72777400/A_Discussion_Paper_on_Cumulative_effects_from_alteration_of_headwater_drainage_features_and_the_loss_of_ecosystem_integrity_of_river_networks_Authors_Stanfield"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="17078345" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/17078345/The_effects_of_weirs_on_structural_stream_habitat_and_biological_communities">The effects of weirs on structural stream habitat and biological communities</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="36650489" href="https://tum-de.academia.edu/JuergenGeist">Juergen Geist</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Journal of Applied Ecology, 2011</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The effects of weirs on structural stream habitat and biological communities","attachmentId":42329545,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/17078345/The_effects_of_weirs_on_structural_stream_habitat_and_biological_communities","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/17078345/The_effects_of_weirs_on_structural_stream_habitat_and_biological_communities"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span 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href="https://www.academia.edu/18466775/The_response_of_the_young_of_the_year_fish_to_river_obstacles_Functional_and_numerical_linkages_between_dams_weirs_fish_habitat_guilds_and_biotic_integrity_across_large_spatial_scale"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="2762562" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/2762562/A_comparison_of_adjacent_natural_and_channelised_stretches_of_a_lowland_river">A comparison of adjacent natural and channelised stretches of a lowland river</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="39461803" 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