CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"e248876b-ed79-4045-b232-e02dd1be2986","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Hermetic_Order_of_the_Golden_Dawn","wgTitle":"Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn","wgCurRevisionId":1253314662,"wgRevisionId":1253314662,"wgArticleId":13787,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from March 2022","Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from May 2024","Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from November 2022","Articles with short description","Short description is different from Wikidata","Use mdy dates from November 2022","Use shortened footnotes from November 2022","Articles containing Latin-language text","CS1: long volume value", "Commons category link is on Wikidata","Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn","Magical organizations","Secret societies in the United Kingdom","1887 establishments in the United Kingdom","1903 disestablishments in the United Kingdom"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Hermetic_Order_of_the_Golden_Dawn","wgRelevantArticleId":13787,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":30000, "wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q368173","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript": "ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","ext.scribunto.logs","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.quicksurveys.init","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Rose_Cross_Lamen.svg/1200px-Rose_Cross_Lamen.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1567"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Rose_Cross_Lamen.svg/800px-Rose_Cross_Lamen.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1045"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Rose_Cross_Lamen.svg/640px-Rose_Cross_Lamen.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="836"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hermetic_Order_of_the_Golden_Dawn"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Hermetic_Order_of_the_Golden_Dawn&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hermetic_Order_of_the_Golden_Dawn"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Hermetic_Order_of_the_Golden_Dawn rootpage-Hermetic_Order_of_the_Golden_Dawn skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Hermetic+Order+of+the+Golden+Dawn" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Hermetic+Order+of+the+Golden+Dawn" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Hermetic+Order+of+the+Golden+Dawn" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Hermetic+Order+of+the+Golden+Dawn" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Cipher_Manuscripts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cipher_Manuscripts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Cipher Manuscripts</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cipher_Manuscripts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Founding_of_the_First_Temple" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Founding_of_the_First_Temple"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Founding of the First Temple</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Founding_of_the_First_Temple-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_Secret_Chiefs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Secret_Chiefs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>The Secret Chiefs</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Secret_Chiefs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Golden_Age" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Golden_Age"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Golden Age</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Golden_Age-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Revolt" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Revolt"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>Revolt</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Revolt-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Splinters" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Splinters"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5.1</span> <span>Splinters</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Splinters-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reconstruction" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reconstruction"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6</span> <span>Reconstruction</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reconstruction-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Structure_and_grades" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Structure_and_grades"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Structure and grades</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Structure_and_grades-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Membership" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Membership"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Membership</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Membership-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Membership subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Membership-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Selected_known_members" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Selected_known_members"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Selected known members</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Selected_known_members-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Alleged_members" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Alleged_members"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Alleged members</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Alleged_members-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Contemporary_Golden_Dawn_orders" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Contemporary_Golden_Dawn_orders"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Contemporary Golden Dawn orders</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Contemporary_Golden_Dawn_orders-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_Golden_Dawn_book" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Golden_Dawn_book"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span><i>The Golden Dawn</i> book</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Golden_Dawn_book-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Citations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Citations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Works_cited" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Works_cited"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>Works cited</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Works_cited-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 39 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-39" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">39 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D8%AC%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B0%D9%87%D8%A8%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%87%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="جماعة الفجر الذهبي الهرمسية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="جماعة الفجر الذهبي الهرمسية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%97%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%B7%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Херметически орден на Златната зора – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Херметически орден на Златната зора" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orde_Herm%C3%A8tic_de_l%27Alba_Daurada" title="Orde Hermètic de l'Alba Daurada – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Orde Hermètic de l'Alba Daurada" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hermetick%C3%BD_%C5%99%C3%A1d_Zlat%C3%A9ho_%C3%BAsvitu" title="Hermetický řád Zlatého úsvitu – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Hermetický řád Zlatého úsvitu" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hermetic_Order_of_the_Golden_Dawn" title="Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hermetic_Order_of_the_Golden_Dawn" title="Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%95%CF%81%CE%BC%CE%B7%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C_%CE%A4%CE%AC%CE%B3%CE%BC%CE%B1_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%A7%CF%81%CF%85%CF%83%CE%AE%CF%82_%CE%91%CF%85%CE%B3%CE%AE%CF%82" title="Ερμητικό Τάγμα της Χρυσής Αυγής – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ερμητικό Τάγμα της Χρυσής Αυγής" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orden_Herm%C3%A9tica_de_la_Aurora_Dorada" title="Orden Hermética de la Aurora Dorada – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Orden Hermética de la Aurora Dorada" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golden_Dawn" title="Golden Dawn – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Golden Dawn" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golden_Dawn_Orden_Hermetikoa" title="Golden Dawn Orden Hermetikoa – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Golden Dawn Orden Hermetikoa" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%87%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%B3%DB%8C_%D9%BE%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%87_%D8%B2%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%86" title="سازمان هرمسی پگاه زرین – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سازمان هرمسی پگاه زرین" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordre_herm%C3%A9tique_de_l%27Aube_dor%C3%A9e" title="Ordre hermétique de l'Aube dorée – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Ordre hermétique de l'Aube dorée" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orde_Herm%C3%A9tica_da_Alba_Dourada" title="Orde Hermética da Alba Dourada – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Orde Hermética da Alba Dourada" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%99%A9%EA%B8%88%EC%97%AC%EB%AA%85%ED%9A%8C" title="황금여명회 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="황금여명회" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hermeti%C4%8Dki_red_Zlatne_zore" title="Hermetički red Zlatne zore – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Hermetički red Zlatne zore" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordo_Eremit_Fajar_Emas" title="Ordo Eremit Fajar Emas – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Ordo Eremit Fajar Emas" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golden_Dawn" title="Golden Dawn – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Golden Dawn" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%A9%D7%97%D7%A8_%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%96%D7%94%D7%91" title="השחר המוזהב – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="השחר המוזהב" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordo_Hermeticus_Aurorae_Aureae" title="Ordo Hermeticus Aurorae Aureae – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Ordo Hermeticus Aurorae Aureae" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arany_Hajnal_Hermetikus_Rendje" title="Arany Hajnal Hermetikus Rendje – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Arany Hajnal Hermetikus Rendje" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B7%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0_(%D1%85%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4)" title="Златна зора (херметички ред) – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Златна зора (херметички ред)" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golden_Dawn" title="Golden Dawn – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Golden Dawn" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%BB%84%E9%87%91%E3%81%AE%E5%A4%9C%E6%98%8E%E3%81%91%E5%9B%A3" title="黄金の夜明け団 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="黄金の夜明け団" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golden_Dawn" title="Golden Dawn – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Golden Dawn" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hermetic_Order_of_the_Golden_Dawn" title="Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hermetyczny_Zakon_Z%C5%82otego_Brzasku" title="Hermetyczny Zakon Złotego Brzasku – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Hermetyczny Zakon Złotego Brzasku" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordem_Herm%C3%A9tica_da_Aurora_Dourada" title="Ordem Hermética da Aurora Dourada – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ordem Hermética da Aurora Dourada" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordinul_Ermetic_al_Zorilor_Aurii" title="Ordinul Ermetic al Zorilor Aurii – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Ordinul Ermetic al Zorilor Aurii" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%97%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8" title="Герметический орден Золотой зари – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Герметический орден Золотой зари" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urdh%C3%ABri_Hermetik_i_Agimit_t%C3%AB_Art%C3%AB" title="Urdhëri Hermetik i Agimit të Artë – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Urdhëri Hermetik i Agimit të Artë" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hermetic_Order_of_the_Golden_Dawn" title="Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hermetick%C3%BD_r%C3%A1d_Zlat%C3%A9ho_%C3%BAsvitu" title="Hermetický rád Zlatého úsvitu – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Hermetický rád Zlatého úsvitu" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4_%D0%97%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%B7%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5" title="Херметички ред Златне зоре – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Херметички ред Златне зоре" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hermeti%C4%8Dki_red_Zlatne_zore" title="Hermetički red Zlatne zore – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Hermetički red Zlatne zore" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hermetic_Order_of_the_Golden_Dawn" title="Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golden_Dawn" title="Golden Dawn – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Golden Dawn" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alt%C4%B1n_%C5%9Eafak_Hermetik_Cemiyeti" title="Altın Şafak Hermetik Cemiyeti – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Altın Şafak Hermetik Cemiyeti" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%97%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%97_%D0%97%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%96" title="Герметичний орден Золотої Зорі – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Герметичний орден Золотої Зорі" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%BB%83%E9%87%91%E9%BB%8E%E6%98%8E%E5%8D%94%E6%9C%83" title="黃金黎明協會 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="黃金黎明協會" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q368173#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Hermetic_Order_of_the_Golden_Dawn" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Hermetic_Order_of_the_Golden_Dawn" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Hermetic_Order_of_the_Golden_Dawn"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hermetic_Order_of_the_Golden_Dawn&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hermetic_Order_of_the_Golden_Dawn&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Hermetic_Order_of_the_Golden_Dawn"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hermetic_Order_of_the_Golden_Dawn&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hermetic_Order_of_the_Golden_Dawn&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Hermetic_Order_of_the_Golden_Dawn" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Hermetic_Order_of_the_Golden_Dawn" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hermetic_Order_of_the_Golden_Dawn&oldid=1253314662" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hermetic_Order_of_the_Golden_Dawn&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Hermetic_Order_of_the_Golden_Dawn&id=1253314662&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FHermetic_Order_of_the_Golden_Dawn"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FHermetic_Order_of_the_Golden_Dawn"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Hermetic_Order_of_the_Golden_Dawn&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hermetic_Order_of_the_Golden_Dawn&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Hermetic_Order_of_the_Golden_Dawn" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikiquote mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Hermetic_Order_of_the_Golden_Dawn" hreflang="en"><span>Wikiquote</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q368173" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">British magical order (1887–1903)</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the historical organization of the late 19th century. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Golden_Dawn_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Golden Dawn (disambiguation)">Golden Dawn (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image logo"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Rose_Cross_Lamen.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Rose_Cross_Lamen.svg/220px-Rose_Cross_Lamen.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="287" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Rose_Cross_Lamen.svg/330px-Rose_Cross_Lamen.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Rose_Cross_Lamen.svg/440px-Rose_Cross_Lamen.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="791" data-file-height="1033" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption"><a href="/wiki/Rose_Cross#Golden_Dawn" title="Rose Cross">Rose Cross</a> of the Golden Dawn</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Successor</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist" style="margin-left:1em;text-indent:-1em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_et_Omega" title="Alpha et Omega">Alpha et Omega</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stella_Matutina" title="Stella Matutina">Stella Matutina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isis-Urania_Temple" title="Isis-Urania Temple">Isis-Urania Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Builders_of_the_Adytum" title="Builders of the Adytum">Builders of the Adytum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A%E2%88%B4A%E2%88%B4" title="A∴A∴">A∴A∴</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Formation</th><td class="infobox-data note">1887<span class="noprint">; 137 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1887</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Dissolved</th><td class="infobox-data">1903<span class="noprint">; 121 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="dtend">1903</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Magical_organization" title="Magical organization">Magical organization</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Location</th><td class="infobox-data label"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Chiefs of the Second Order</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist" style="margin-left:1em;text-indent:-1em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_Wynn_Westcott" title="William Wynn Westcott">William Wynn Westcott</a><br />(1888–1897)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Liddell_MacGregor_Mathers" title="Samuel Liddell MacGregor Mathers">Samuel Liddell MacGregor Mathers</a><br />(1897–1903)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Robert_Woodman" title="William Robert Woodman">William Robert Woodman</a><br />(1828–1891)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn</b> (<a href="/wiki/Latin_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin language">Latin</a>: <i lang="la">Ordo Hermeticus Aurorae Aureae</i>), more commonly the <b>Golden Dawn</b> (<span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">Aurora Aurea</i></span>), was a <a href="/wiki/Secret_society#Europe" title="Secret society">secret society</a> devoted to the study and practice of <a href="/wiki/Occult" title="Occult">occult</a> <a href="/wiki/Hermeticism" title="Hermeticism">Hermeticism</a> and <a href="/wiki/Metaphysics" title="Metaphysics">metaphysics</a> during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Known as a <a href="/wiki/Magical_organization" title="Magical organization">magical order</a>, the Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn was active in <a href="/wiki/Great_Britain" title="Great Britain">Great Britain</a> and focused its practices on <a href="/wiki/Theurgy" title="Theurgy">theurgy</a> and spiritual development. Many present-day concepts of ritual and <a href="/wiki/Magic_(paranormal)" class="mw-redirect" title="Magic (paranormal)">magic</a> that are at the centre of contemporary traditions, such as <a href="/wiki/Wicca" title="Wicca">Wicca</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEColquhoun1975[[Category:Wikipedia_articles_needing_page_number_citations_from_March_2022]]<sup_class="noprint_Inline-Template_"_style="white-space:nowrap;">&#91;<i>[[Wikipedia:Citing_sources|<span_title="This_citation_requires_a_reference_to_the_specific_page_or_range_of_pages_in_which_the_material_appears.&#32;(March_2022)">page&nbsp;needed</span>]]</i>&#93;</sup>_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEColquhoun1975[[Category:Wikipedia_articles_needing_page_number_citations_from_March_2022]]<sup_class="noprint_Inline-Template_"_style="white-space:nowrap;">&#91;<i>[[Wikipedia:Citing_sources|<span_title="This_citation_requires_a_reference_to_the_specific_page_or_range_of_pages_in_which_the_material_appears.&#32;(March_2022)">page&nbsp;needed</span>]]</i>&#93;</sup>-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Thelema" title="Thelema">Thelema</a>, were inspired by the Golden Dawn, which became one of the largest single influences on 20th-century Western <a href="/wiki/Occultism" class="mw-redirect" title="Occultism">occultism</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The three founders, <a href="/wiki/William_Robert_Woodman" title="William Robert Woodman">William Robert Woodman</a>, <a href="/wiki/William_Wynn_Westcott" title="William Wynn Westcott">William Wynn Westcott</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Liddell_Mathers" class="mw-redirect" title="Samuel Liddell Mathers">Samuel Liddell Mathers</a>, were <a href="/wiki/Freemasons" class="mw-redirect" title="Freemasons">Freemasons</a> and members of the <a href="/wiki/Societas_Rosicruciana_in_Anglia" title="Societas Rosicruciana in Anglia">Societas Rosicruciana in Anglia</a>. Westcott appears to have been the initial driving force behind the establishment of the Golden Dawn. </p><p>The Golden Dawn system was based on hierarchy and initiation (similar to <a href="/wiki/Masonic_lodges" class="mw-redirect" title="Masonic lodges">Masonic lodges</a>) and the grade structure was based on the <a href="/wiki/Societas_Rosicruciana_in_Anglia" title="Societas Rosicruciana in Anglia">S.R.I.A</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> however, women were admitted on an equal basis with men. </p><p>The "Golden Dawn" was the first of three Orders, although all three are often collectively referred to as the "Golden Dawn". The First Order taught esoteric philosophy based on the <a href="/wiki/Hermetic_Qabalah" title="Hermetic Qabalah">Hermetic Qabalah</a> and personal development through study and awareness of the four <a href="/wiki/Classical_element" title="Classical element">classical elements</a>, as well as the basics of <a href="/wiki/Astrology" title="Astrology">astrology</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tarot_divination" class="mw-redirect" title="Tarot divination">tarot divination</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Geomancy" title="Geomancy">geomancy</a>. The Second or Inner Order, the <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">Rosae Rubeae et Aureae Crucis</i></span>, taught magic, including <a href="/wiki/Scrying" title="Scrying">scrying</a>, <a href="/wiki/Astral_projection" title="Astral projection">astral travel</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Alchemy" title="Alchemy">alchemy</a>. The Third Order was that of the <a href="/wiki/Secret_Chiefs" title="Secret Chiefs">Secret Chiefs</a>, who were said to be highly skilled; they supposedly directed the activities of the lower two orders by spirit communication with the Chiefs of the Second Order. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hermetic_Order_of_the_Golden_Dawn&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cipher_Manuscripts">Cipher Manuscripts</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hermetic_Order_of_the_Golden_Dawn&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Cipher Manuscripts"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Cipher_Manuscripts" title="Cipher Manuscripts">Cipher Manuscripts</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cipher_Manuscripts_Folio_13.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Cipher_Manuscripts_Folio_13.gif/220px-Cipher_Manuscripts_Folio_13.gif" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Cipher_Manuscripts_Folio_13.gif/330px-Cipher_Manuscripts_Folio_13.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Cipher_Manuscripts_Folio_13.gif/440px-Cipher_Manuscripts_Folio_13.gif 2x" data-file-width="453" data-file-height="603" /></a><figcaption>Folio 13 of the <a href="/wiki/Cipher_Manuscripts" title="Cipher Manuscripts">Cipher Manuscripts</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The foundational documents of the original Order of the Golden Dawn, known as the <a href="/wiki/Cipher_Manuscripts" title="Cipher Manuscripts">Cipher Manuscripts</a>, are written in English using the <a href="/wiki/Trithemius_cipher" class="mw-redirect" title="Trithemius cipher">Trithemius cipher</a>. The manuscripts give the specific outlines of the Grade Rituals of the Order and prescribe a curriculum of graduated teachings that encompass the <a href="/wiki/Hermetic_Qabalah" title="Hermetic Qabalah">Hermetic Qabalah</a>, <a href="/wiki/Astrology" title="Astrology">astrology</a>, <a href="/wiki/Divinatory,_esoteric_and_occult_tarot" class="mw-redirect" title="Divinatory, esoteric and occult tarot">occult tarot</a>, <a href="/wiki/Geomancy" title="Geomancy">geomancy</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Alchemy" title="Alchemy">alchemy</a>. </p><p>According to the records of the Order, the manuscripts passed from <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_R._H._Mackenzie" title="Kenneth R. H. Mackenzie">Kenneth R. H. Mackenzie</a>, a Masonic scholar, to the Rev. <a href="/wiki/A._F._A._Woodford" class="mw-redirect" title="A. F. A. Woodford">A. F. A. Woodford</a>, whom British occult writer <a href="/wiki/Francis_X._King" title="Francis X. King">Francis King</a> describes as the fourth founder<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKing198942–43_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKing198942–43-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (although Woodford died shortly after the Order was founded).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKing198947_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKing198947-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The documents did not excite Woodford, and in February 1886 he passed them on to Freemason <a href="/wiki/William_Wynn_Westcott" title="William Wynn Westcott">William Wynn Westcott</a>, who managed to decode them in 1887.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKing198942–43_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKing198942–43-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Westcott, pleased with his discovery, called on fellow Freemason <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Liddell_MacGregor_Mathers" title="Samuel Liddell MacGregor Mathers">Samuel Liddell MacGregor Mathers</a> for a second opinion. Westcott asked for Mathers's help to turn the manuscripts into a coherent system for lodge work. Mathers, in turn, asked fellow Freemason <a href="/wiki/William_Robert_Woodman" title="William Robert Woodman">William Robert Woodman</a> to assist the two, and he accepted.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKing198942–43_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKing198942–43-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mathers and Westcott have been credited with developing the ritual outlines in the Cipher Manuscripts into a workable format.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mathers, however, is generally credited with the design of the curriculum and rituals of the Second Order, which he called the <i>Rosae Rubae et Aureae Crucis</i> ("Ruby Rose and Golden Cross" or the <i>RR et AC</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERegardie199392_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERegardie199392-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Samuel_Liddell_MacGregor_Mathers_in_Egyptian_getup.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Samuel_Liddell_MacGregor_Mathers_in_Egyptian_getup.jpg/220px-Samuel_Liddell_MacGregor_Mathers_in_Egyptian_getup.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="279" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/77/Samuel_Liddell_MacGregor_Mathers_in_Egyptian_getup.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="317" /></a><figcaption>Samuel Liddell MacGregor Mathers in Egyptian costume performing a ritual in the Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Founding_of_the_First_Temple">Founding of the First Temple</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hermetic_Order_of_the_Golden_Dawn&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Founding of the First Temple"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In October 1887, Westcott claimed to have written to a German countess and prominent Rosicrucian named <a href="/wiki/Anna_Sprengel" title="Anna Sprengel">Anna Sprengel</a>, whose address was said to have been found in the decoded Cipher Manuscripts. According to Westcott, Sprengel claimed the ability to contact certain supernatural entities, known as the <a href="/wiki/Secret_Chiefs" title="Secret Chiefs">Secret Chiefs</a>, that were considered the authorities over any magical order or esoteric organization. Westcott purportedly received a reply from Sprengel granting permission to establish a Golden Dawn temple and conferring honorary grades of <a href="/wiki/Adept" title="Adept">Adeptus Exemptus</a> on Westcott, Mathers, and Woodman. The temple was to consist of the five grades outlined in the manuscripts.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKing198943Regardie199311_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKing198943Regardie199311-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1888, the <a href="/wiki/Isis-Urania_Temple" title="Isis-Urania Temple">Isis-Urania Temple</a> was founded in <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKing198943_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKing198943-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In contrast to the S.R.I.A. and Masonry,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERegardie199311_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERegardie199311-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> women were allowed and welcome to participate in the Order in "perfect equality" with men. The Order was more of a philosophical and metaphysical teaching order in its early years. Other than certain rituals and meditations found in the Cipher manuscripts and developed further,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKing199735_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKing199735-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> "magical practices" were generally not taught at the first temple. </p><p>For the first four years, the Golden Dawn was one cohesive group later known as the "First Order" or "Outer Order". A "Second Order" or "Inner Order" was established and became active in 1892. The Second Order consisted of members known as "adepts", who had completed the entire course of study for the First Order. The Second Order was formally established under the name <i>Ordo Rosae Rubeae et Aureae Crucis</i> (the Order of the Red Rose and the Golden Cross).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDeckerDummett201993–96_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDeckerDummett201993–96-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Eventually, the Osiris temple in <a href="/wiki/Weston-super-Mare" title="Weston-super-Mare">Weston-super-Mare</a>, the Horus temple in <a href="/wiki/Bradford" title="Bradford">Bradford</a> (both in 1888), and the Amen-Ra temple in <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh" title="Edinburgh">Edinburgh</a> (1893) were founded. In 1893 Mathers founded the Ahathoor temple in <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKing198943_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKing198943-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_Secret_Chiefs">The Secret Chiefs</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hermetic_Order_of_the_Golden_Dawn&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: The Secret Chiefs"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Secret_Chiefs" title="Secret Chiefs">Secret Chiefs</a></div> <p>In 1890, Westcott's alleged correspondence with Anna Sprengel suddenly ceased. He claimed to have received word from Germany that she was dead and that her companions did not approve of the founding of the Order and no further contact was to be made.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDeckerDummett201990_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDeckerDummett201990-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> If the founders were to contact the <a href="/wiki/Secret_Chiefs" title="Secret Chiefs">Secret Chiefs</a>, apparently, it had to be done on their own.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKing198943_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKing198943-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1892, Mathers professed that a link to the Secret Chiefs had been established. Subsequently, he supplied rituals for the Second Order.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKing198943_10-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKing198943-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The rituals were based on the tradition of the tomb of <a href="/wiki/Christian_Rosenkreuz" title="Christian Rosenkreuz">Christian Rosenkreuz</a>, and a <i>Vault of Adepts</i> became the controlling force behind the Outer Order.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKing198944_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKing198944-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Later in 1916, Westcott claimed that Mathers also constructed these rituals from materials he received from Frater Lux ex Tenebris, a purported <i>Continental Adept</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKing198946_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKing198946-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Some followers of the Golden Dawn tradition believe that the Secret Chiefs were not human or supernatural beings, but rather symbolic representations of actual or legendary sources of spiritual <a href="/wiki/Esotericism" class="mw-redirect" title="Esotericism">esotericism</a>. The term came to stand for a great leader or teacher of a <a href="/wiki/Spiritual_path" class="mw-redirect" title="Spiritual path">spiritual path</a> or practice that found its way into the teachings of the Order.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPenczak200227_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPenczak200227-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Golden_Age">Golden Age</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hermetic_Order_of_the_Golden_Dawn&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Golden Age"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1246091330">.mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:22em;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.2em;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%;border-collapse:collapse;display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:table!important;float:right!important;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em!important}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-subgroup{width:100%;margin:0;border-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-none{float:none;clear:both;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-outer-title{padding:0 0.4em 0.2em;font-size:125%;line-height:1.2em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-image{padding:0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-caption,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle-with-top-image,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-caption{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle{padding:0.4em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.2em 0.8em;font-size:145%;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-image{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-heading{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content{padding:0 0.5em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content-with-subgroup{padding:0.1em 0.4em 0.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-below{padding:0.3em 0.8em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-below{border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-navbar{text-align:right;font-size:115%;padding:0 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks" style="border-width:3px; border-color:#9999CC #BEBEED #BEBEED #9999CC; padding:0; border-spacing:0;"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Hermetic_Order_of_the_Golden_Dawn" title="Category:Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn">a series</a> on the</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Hermetic Order of<br />the Golden Dawn</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Hermetic_Order_of_the_Golden_Dawn.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Hermetic_Order_of_the_Golden_Dawn.png/80px-Hermetic_Order_of_the_Golden_Dawn.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Hermetic_Order_of_the_Golden_Dawn.png/120px-Hermetic_Order_of_the_Golden_Dawn.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5e/Hermetic_Order_of_the_Golden_Dawn.png 2x" data-file-width="127" data-file-height="159" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding:0.4em 0.1em;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:#ccccff; color:#333399;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c">Leading figures</div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allan_Bennett" class="mw-redirect" title="Allan Bennett">Allan Bennett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florence_Farr" title="Florence Farr">Florence Farr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Liddell_MacGregor_Mathers" title="Samuel Liddell MacGregor Mathers">Samuel MacGregor-Mathers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_B._Pullen_Burry" title="Henry B. Pullen Burry">Henry B. Pullen Burry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A._E._Waite" title="A. E. Waite">A. E. Waite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Wynn_Westcott" title="William Wynn Westcott">William Wynn Westcott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Robert_Woodman" title="William Robert Woodman">William Robert Woodman</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding:0.4em 0.1em;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:#ccccff; color:#333399;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c">Teachings</div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Astrology" title="Astrology">Astrology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Body_of_light" title="Body of light">Body of light</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Esoteric_Christianity" title="Esoteric Christianity">Esoteric Christianity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ceremonial_magic" title="Ceremonial magic">Ceremonial magic</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;">incl.</span> <a href="/wiki/Enochian_magic" title="Enochian magic">Enochian magic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clairvoyance" title="Clairvoyance">Clairvoyance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egyptian_mythology" title="Egyptian mythology">Egyptian mythology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geomancy" title="Geomancy">Geomancy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermetic_alchemy" class="mw-redirect" title="Hermetic alchemy">Hermetic alchemy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermetic_Qabalah" title="Hermetic Qabalah">Hermetic Qabalah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neoplatonism" title="Neoplatonism">Neoplatonism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosicrucianism" title="Rosicrucianism">Rosicrucianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarot_card_reading" title="Tarot card reading">Tarot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theurgy" title="Theurgy">Theurgy</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding:0.4em 0.1em;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:#ccccff; color:#333399;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c">Texts</div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Cipher_Manuscripts" title="Cipher Manuscripts">Cipher Manuscripts</a></i></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding:0.4em 0.1em;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:#ccccff; color:#333399;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c">Organizations</div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_et_Omega" title="Alpha et Omega">Alpha et Omega</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isis-Urania_Temple" title="Isis-Urania Temple">Isis-Urania Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Hermetic_Order_of_the_Golden_Dawn,_Inc." title="The Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn, Inc.">The Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn, Inc.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_Source_Order_of_the_Golden_Dawn" title="Open Source Order of the Golden Dawn">Open Source Order of the Golden Dawn</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding:0.4em 0.1em;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:#ccccff; color:#333399;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c">Related topics</div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Enochian_chess" title="Enochian chess">Enochian chess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Work_(Hermeticism)" title="Great Work (Hermeticism)">Great Work</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guardian_angel#Thelema" title="Guardian angel">Holy Guardian Angel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_initiation_rites#Mystery_religions" title="Religious initiation rites">Initiation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magic_circle" title="Magic circle">Magic circle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Watchtower_(magic)" title="Watchtower (magic)">Opening by Watchtower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lesser_ritual_of_the_pentagram" title="Lesser ritual of the pentagram">Pentagram ritual</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secret_Chiefs" title="Secret Chiefs">Secret Chiefs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Table_of_magical_correspondences" title="Table of magical correspondences">Table of magical correspondences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tattva_vision" title="Tattva vision">Tattva vision</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thelema" title="Thelema">Thelema</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar" style="padding:0 0.4em;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Golden_Dawn" title="Template:Golden Dawn"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Golden_Dawn" title="Template talk:Golden Dawn"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Golden_Dawn" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Golden Dawn"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>By the mid-1890s, the Golden Dawn was well established in Great Britain, with over one hundred members from every class of <a href="/wiki/Victorian_era" title="Victorian era">Victorian</a> society.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKing198947_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKing198947-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many celebrities belonged to the Golden Dawn, such as the actress <a href="/wiki/Florence_Farr" title="Florence Farr">Florence Farr</a>, the Irish revolutionary <a href="/wiki/Maud_Gonne" title="Maud Gonne">Maud Gonne</a>, the Irish poet <a href="/wiki/William_Butler_Yeats" class="mw-redirect" title="William Butler Yeats">William Butler Yeats</a>, the Welsh author <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Machen" title="Arthur Machen">Arthur Machen</a>, and the English authors <a href="/wiki/Evelyn_Underhill" title="Evelyn Underhill">Evelyn Underhill</a> and <a href="/wiki/Aleister_Crowley" title="Aleister Crowley">Aleister Crowley</a>. </p><p>In 1896 or 1897, Westcott broke all ties to the Golden Dawn, leaving Mathers in control. It has been speculated that his departure was due to his having lost a number of occult-related papers in a <a href="/wiki/Hansom_cab" title="Hansom cab">hansom cab</a>. Apparently, when the papers were found, Westcott's connection to the Golden Dawn was discovered and brought to the attention of his employers. He may have been told to either resign from the Order or to give up his occupation as <a href="/wiki/Coroner" title="Coroner">coroner</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKing198948_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKing198948-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After Westcott's departure, Mathers appointed Florence Farr to be Chief Adept in Anglia. Dr. <a href="/wiki/Henry_B._Pullen_Burry" title="Henry B. Pullen Burry">Henry B. Pullen Burry</a> succeeded Westcott as Cancellarius—one of the three Chiefs of the Order. </p><p>Mathers was the only active founding member after Westcott's departure. Due to personality clashes with other members and frequent absences from the center of Lodge activity in Great Britain, however, challenges to Mathers's authority as leader developed among the members of the Second Order.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERaine19766_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERaine19766-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Revolt">Revolt</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hermetic_Order_of_the_Golden_Dawn&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Revolt"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Towards the end of 1899, the Adepts of the Isis-Urania and Amen-Ra temples had become dissatisfied with Mathers's leadership, as well as his growing friendship with Aleister Crowley. They had also become anxious to make contact with the Secret Chiefs themselves, instead of relying on Mathers as an intermediary.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKing198966_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKing198966-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Within the Isis-Urania temple, disputes were arising between Farr's <i>The Sphere</i>, a secret society within the Isis-Urania, and the rest of the Adepti Minores.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKing198966_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKing198966-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Crowley was refused initiation into the Adeptus Minor grade by the London officials. Mathers overrode their decision and quickly initiated him at the Ahathoor temple in Paris on 16 January 1900.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKing198967_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKing198967-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Upon his return to the London temple, Crowley requested from Miss Cracknell, the acting secretary, the papers acknowledging his grade, to which he was now entitled. To the London Adepts, this was the final straw. Farr, already of the opinion that the London temple should be closed, wrote to Mathers expressing her wish to resign as his representative, although she was willing to carry on until a successor was found.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKing198967_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKing198967-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mathers believed Westcott was behind this turn of events and replied on 16 February. On 3 March a committee of seven Adepts was elected in London and requested a full investigation of the matter. Mathers sent an immediate reply, declining to provide proof, refusing to acknowledge the London temple, and dismissing Farr as his representative on 23 March.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKing198968–69_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKing198968–69-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In response, a general meeting was called on 29 March in London to remove Mathers as chief and expel him from the Order.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKing198969_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKing198969-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Splinters">Splinters</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hermetic_Order_of_the_Golden_Dawn&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Splinters"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1901, W. B. Yeats privately published a pamphlet titled <i>Is the Order of R. R. & A. C. to Remain a Magical Order?</i><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMelton20011327_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMelton20011327-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the Isis-Urania temple claimed its independence, there were even more disputes, leading to Yeats resigning.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKing198978_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKing198978-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A committee of three was to temporarily govern, which included P. W. Bullock, M. W. Blackden and <a href="/wiki/J._W._Brodie-Innes" class="mw-redirect" title="J. W. Brodie-Innes">J. W. Brodie-Innes</a>. After a short time, Bullock resigned, and Dr. <a href="/wiki/Robert_Felkin" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert Felkin">Robert Felkin</a> took his place.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKing198994_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKing198994-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1903, <a href="/wiki/A._E._Waite" title="A. E. Waite">A. E. Waite</a> and Blackden joined forces to retain the name Isis-Urania, while Felkin and other London members formed the <a href="/wiki/Stella_Matutina" title="Stella Matutina">Stella Matutina</a>. Yeats remained in the Stella Matutina until 1921, while Brodie-Innes continued his Amen-Ra membership in Edinburgh.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKing198995–96_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKing198995–96-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Reconstruction">Reconstruction</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hermetic_Order_of_the_Golden_Dawn&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Reconstruction"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Once Mathers realised that reconciliation was impossible, he made efforts to reestablish himself in London. The Bradford and Weston-super-Mare temples remained loyal to him, but their numbers were few.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKing1989109_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKing1989109-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He then appointed <a href="/wiki/Edmund_William_Berridge" title="Edmund William Berridge">Edward Berridge</a> as his representative.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKing1989110_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKing1989110-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to Francis King, historical evidence shows that there were "twenty three members of a flourishing Second Order under Berridge-Mathers in 1913."<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKing1989110_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKing1989110-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>J.W. Brodie-Innes continued leading the Amen-Ra temple, deciding that the revolt was unjustified. By 1908, Mathers and Brodie-Innes were in complete accord.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERegardie199333_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERegardie199333-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to sources that differ regarding the actual date, sometime between 1901 and 1913 Mathers renamed the branch of the Golden Dawn remaining loyal to his leadership to <a href="/wiki/Alpha_et_Omega" title="Alpha et Omega">Alpha et Omega</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKing1971110–111King1989111CiceroCicero2002_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKing1971110–111King1989111CiceroCicero2002-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>d<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Brodie-Innes assumed command of the English and Scottish temples, while Mathers concentrated on building up his Ahathoor temple and extending his American connections.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKing1989111_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKing1989111-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to occultist <a href="/wiki/Israel_Regardie" title="Israel Regardie">Israel Regardie</a>, the Golden Dawn had spread to the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States of America</a> before 1900 and a Thoth-Hermes temple had been founded in <a href="/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago">Chicago</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKing1989111Regardie199333_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKing1989111Regardie199333-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By the beginning of the <a href="/wiki/First_World_War" class="mw-redirect" title="First World War">First World War</a> in 1914, Mathers had established two to three American temples. </p><p>Most temples of the Alpha et Omega and Stella Matutina closed or went into abeyance by the end of the 1930s, with the exceptions of two Stella Matutina temples: Hermes Temple in <a href="/wiki/Bristol" title="Bristol">Bristol</a>, which operated sporadically until 1970, and the Smaragdum Thallasses Temple (commonly referred to as <a href="/wiki/Whare_Ra" title="Whare Ra">Whare Ra</a>) in <a href="/wiki/Havelock_North" title="Havelock North">Havelock North</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a>, which operated regularly until its closure in 1978.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGilbert1986CiceroCicero2002_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGilbert1986CiceroCicero2002-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Structure_and_grades">Structure and grades</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hermetic_Order_of_the_Golden_Dawn&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Structure and grades"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Hermeticism" title="Category:Hermeticism">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle"><a href="/wiki/Hermeticism" title="Hermeticism">Hermeticism</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:HermesTrismegistusCauc.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Hermes Trismegistus"><img alt="Hermes Trismegistus" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/HermesTrismegistusCauc.jpg/110px-HermesTrismegistusCauc.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/HermesTrismegistusCauc.jpg/165px-HermesTrismegistusCauc.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/HermesTrismegistusCauc.jpg/220px-HermesTrismegistusCauc.jpg 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="407" /></a></span><div class="sidebar-caption"><b><a href="/wiki/Hermes_Trismegistus" title="Hermes Trismegistus">Hermes Trismegistus</a></b></div></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #aaa;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c"><a href="/wiki/Hermetica" title="Hermetica">Hermetic writings</a></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Liber_Hermetis_(astrological)" class="mw-redirect" title="Liber Hermetis (astrological)">Liber Hermetis (astrological)</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Definitions_of_Hermes_Trismegistus_to_Asclepius" title="Definitions of Hermes Trismegistus to Asclepius"><i>Definitions of Hermes Trismegistus</i></a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Corpus_Hermeticum" title="Corpus Hermeticum">Corpus Hermeticum</a></i> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Poimandres" title="Poimandres">Poimandres</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asclepius_(treatise)" title="Asclepius (treatise)"><i>Asclepius</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Discourse_on_the_Eighth_and_Ninth" title="The Discourse on the Eighth and Ninth"><i>Discourse on the Eighth and Ninth</i></a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Prayer_of_Thanksgiving" title="Prayer of Thanksgiving">Prayer of Thanksgiving</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kore_kosmou" class="mw-redirect" title="Kore kosmou"><i>Korē kosmou</i></a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cyranides" title="Cyranides">Cyranides</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liber_de_stellis_beibeniis" class="mw-redirect" title="Liber de stellis beibeniis"><i>The Book of the Secrets of the Stars</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sirr_al-khaliqa" class="mw-redirect" title="Sirr al-khaliqa"><i>The Secret of Creation</i></a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Emerald_Tablet" title="Emerald Tablet">Emerald Tablet</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kitab_al-Istamakhis" class="mw-redirect" title="Kitab al-Istamakhis"><i>Kitāb al-Isṭamākhīs</i></a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Liber_Hermetis_de_alchemia" class="mw-redirect" title="Liber Hermetis de alchemia">Liber Hermetis de alchemia</a></i></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #aaa;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c">Historical figures</div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <dl><dt><span class="nowrap"><span style="font-size:85%;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Ancient and medieval</span></span></span></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zosimos_of_Panopolis" title="Zosimos of Panopolis">Zosimos of Panopolis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jabir_ibn_Hayyan" title="Jabir ibn Hayyan">Jābir ibn Ḥayyān</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(may be legendary)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abu_Ma%27shar_al-Balkhi" title="Abu Ma'shar al-Balkhi">Abu Ma'shar al-Balkhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibn_Umayl" title="Ibn Umayl">Ibn Umayl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Picatrix" title="Picatrix">Maslama al-Qurṭubī</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahmad_al-Buni" title="Ahmad al-Buni">Aḥmad al-Būnī</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><span class="nowrap"><span style="font-size:85%;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Early modern</span></span></span></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marsilio_Ficino" title="Marsilio Ficino">Marsilio Ficino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lodovico_Lazzarelli" title="Lodovico Lazzarelli">Lodovico Lazzarelli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Mercurio_da_Correggio" title="Giovanni Mercurio da Correggio">Giovanni da Correggio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Pico_della_Mirandola" title="Giovanni Pico della Mirandola">Pico della Mirandola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Cornelius_Agrippa" title="Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa">Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paracelsus" title="Paracelsus">Paracelsus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Dee" title="John Dee">John Dee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giordano_Bruno" title="Giordano Bruno">Giordano Bruno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jakob_B%C3%B6hme" title="Jakob Böhme">Jakob Böhme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Fludd" title="Robert Fludd">Robert Fludd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Rosenkreuz" title="Christian Rosenkreuz">Christian Rosenkreuz</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(legendary, see <a href="/wiki/Rosicrucianism" title="Rosicrucianism">Rosicrucianism</a>)</span></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #aaa;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c">Modern offshoots</div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/As_above,_so_below" title="As above, so below">As above, so below</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bibliotheca_Philosophica_Hermetica" title="Bibliotheca Philosophica Hermetica">Bibliotheca Philosophica Hermetica</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermetic_Qabalah" title="Hermetic Qabalah">Hermetic Qabalah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosicrucianism" title="Rosicrucianism">Rosicrucianism</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Kybalion" title="The Kybalion">The Kybalion</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermetism_and_other_religions" title="Hermetism and other religions">Hermetism and other religions</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar" style="border-top:1px solid #aaa;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Hermeticism" title="Template:Hermeticism"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Hermeticism" title="Template talk:Hermeticism"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Hermeticism" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Hermeticism"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Much of the hierarchical structure for the Golden Dawn came from the <a href="/wiki/Societas_Rosicruciana_in_Anglia" title="Societas Rosicruciana in Anglia">Societas Rosicruciana in Anglia</a>, which was itself derived from the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Golden_and_Rosy_Cross" title="Order of the Golden and Rosy Cross">Order of the Golden and Rosy Cross</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGilbert1986b_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGilbert1986b-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dt>First Order</dt> <dd></dd></dl> <ul><li>Neophyte 0=0</li> <li>Zelator 1=10</li> <li>Theoricus 2=9</li> <li>Practicus 3=8</li> <li>Philosophus 4=7</li></ul> <dl><dt>Second Order</dt> <dd></dd></dl> <ul><li>Adeptus Minor 5=6</li> <li>Adeptus Major 6=5</li> <li>Adeptus Exemptus 7=4</li></ul> <dl><dt>Third Order</dt> <dd></dd></dl> <ul><li>Magister Templi 8=3</li> <li>Magus 9=2</li> <li>Ipsissimus 10=1</li></ul> <p>The paired numbers attached to the Grades relate to positions on the Tree of Life. The Neophyte Grade of "0=0" indicates no position on the Tree. In the other pairs, the first numeral is the number of steps up from the bottom (Malkuth), and the second numeral is the number of steps down from the top (Kether). </p><p>The First Order Grades were related to the <a href="/wiki/Classical_elements" class="mw-redirect" title="Classical elements">four elements</a> of Earth, Air, Water, and Fire, respectively. The Aspirant to a Grade received instruction on the metaphysical meaning of each of these Elements and had to pass a written examination and demonstrate certain skills to receive admission to that Grade. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Membership">Membership</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hermetic_Order_of_the_Golden_Dawn&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Membership"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Selected_known_members">Selected known members</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hermetic_Order_of_the_Golden_Dawn&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Selected known members"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Emily_Katharine_Bates" title="Emily Katharine Bates">Emily Katharine Bates</a> (1846–1922), British spiritualist author, travel writer, and novelist<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGilbert1986[[Category:Wikipedia_articles_needing_page_number_citations_from_May_2024]]<sup_class="noprint_Inline-Template_"_style="white-space:nowrap;">&#91;<i>[[Wikipedia:Citing_sources|<span_title="This_citation_requires_a_reference_to_the_specific_page_or_range_of_pages_in_which_the_material_appears.&#32;(May_2024)">page&nbsp;needed</span>]]</i>&#93;</sup>_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGilbert1986[[Category:Wikipedia_articles_needing_page_number_citations_from_May_2024]]<sup_class="noprint_Inline-Template_"_style="white-space:nowrap;">&#91;<i>[[Wikipedia:Citing_sources|<span_title="This_citation_requires_a_reference_to_the_specific_page_or_range_of_pages_in_which_the_material_appears.&#32;(May_2024)">page&nbsp;needed</span>]]</i>&#93;</sup>-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Henry_Allan_Bennett" title="Charles Henry Allan Bennett">Charles Henry Allan Bennett</a> (1872–1923), best known for introducing <a href="/wiki/Buddhism" title="Buddhism">Buddhism</a> to the West<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHarris199813_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarris199813-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arnold_Bennett" title="Arnold Bennett">Arnold Bennett</a> (1867–1931), British novelist<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERegardie198216_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERegardie198216-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edmund_William_Berridge" title="Edmund William Berridge">Edward W. Berridge</a> (ca. 1843–1923), British homeopathic physician<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEColquhoun1975148–149_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEColquhoun1975148–149-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Algernon_Blackwood" title="Algernon Blackwood">Algernon Blackwood</a> (1869–1951), British writer and radio broadcaster of supernatural stories<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERegardie1982ix_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERegardie1982ix-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabrielle_Borthwick" title="Gabrielle Borthwick">Gabrielle Borthwick</a> (1866–1952), British pioneering motorist, mechanic, garage owner, and driving teacher<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECockin2017_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECockin2017-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anna_de_Br%C3%A9mont" title="Anna de Brémont">Anna de Brémont</a> (1849–1922), American singer and writer<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMoyle2011[httpsbooksgooglecombooksid0_dx3IouPU8CpgPT118_118]_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMoyle2011[httpsbooksgooglecombooksid0_dx3IouPU8CpgPT118_118]-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleister_Crowley" title="Aleister Crowley">Aleister Crowley</a> (1875–1947), occultist, writer and mountaineer, founder of his own magical society<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBooth200085,_93–94Sutin200054–55Kaczynski201060–61Churton201135_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBooth200085,_93–94Sutin200054–55Kaczynski201060–61Churton201135-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florence_Farr" title="Florence Farr">Florence Farr</a> (1860–1917), London stage actress and musician<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERegardie1982ix_41-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERegardie1982ix-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Felkin" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert Felkin">Robert Felkin</a> (1853–1925), medical missionary, explorer and anthropologist in Central Africa, author, founder of the New Zealand branch of the Golden Dawn and the <a href="/wiki/Whare_Ra" title="Whare Ra">Smaragdum Thalasses</a> / <a href="/wiki/Whare_Ra" title="Whare Ra">Whare Ra temple</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEllwood1993[[Category:Wikipedia_articles_needing_page_number_citations_from_November_2022]]<sup_class="noprint_Inline-Template_"_style="white-space:nowrap;">&#91;<i>[[Wikipedia:Citing_sources|<span_title="This_citation_requires_a_reference_to_the_specific_page_or_range_of_pages_in_which_the_material_appears.&#32;(November_2022)">page&nbsp;needed</span>]]</i>&#93;</sup>_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEllwood1993[[Category:Wikipedia_articles_needing_page_number_citations_from_November_2022]]<sup_class="noprint_Inline-Template_"_style="white-space:nowrap;">&#91;<i>[[Wikipedia:Citing_sources|<span_title="This_citation_requires_a_reference_to_the_specific_page_or_range_of_pages_in_which_the_material_appears.&#32;(November_2022)">page&nbsp;needed</span>]]</i>&#93;</sup>-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Leigh_Gardner" title="Frederick Leigh Gardner">Frederick Leigh Gardner</a> (1857–1930), British stockbroker and occultist; published three-volume bibliography <i>Catalogue Raisonné of Works on the Occult Sciences</i> (1912)<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAnon1987_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnon1987-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annie_Horniman" title="Annie Horniman">Annie Horniman</a> (1860–1937), British repertory theatre producer and pioneer; member of the wealthy Horniman family of tea-traders<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERegardie1982ix_41-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERegardie1982ix-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Machen" title="Arthur Machen">Arthur Machen</a> (1863–1947), leading London writer of the 1890s, author of acclaimed works of imaginative and occult fiction, such as "The Great God Pan", "The White People" and "The Hill of Dreams". Welsh by birth and upbringing<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBlackmore1985_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBlackmore1985-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moina_Mathers" title="Moina Mathers">Moina Mathers</a> (1865–1928), London trained artist, wife of S. L. MacGregor-Mathers and sister of philosopher <a href="/wiki/Henri_Bergson" title="Henri Bergson">Henri Bergson</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEYeats1927[httpsarchiveorgdetailsautobiographiesr0000wbyepage228_228]_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEYeats1927[httpsarchiveorgdetailsautobiographiesr0000wbyepage228_228]-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Liddell_MacGregor_Mathers" title="Samuel Liddell MacGregor Mathers">Samuel Liddell MacGregor-Mathers</a> (1854–1918), British Freemason, one of the three founders of the Golden Dawn, prolific writer, occultist, and researcher<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAnon2001_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnon2001-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Alfred John Pearce (1840–1923), medic, writer, pioneering weather forecaster and celebrated astrologer known as "Zadkiel"<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDavis202216Gilbert1986145_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDavis202216Gilbert1986145-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sax_Rohmer" title="Sax Rohmer">Sax Rohmer</a> (1883–1959), novelist, creator of the Fu Manchu character<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBlackmore1985_47-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBlackmore1985-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Sharp_(writer)" title="William Sharp (writer)">William Sharp</a> (1855–1905), poet and author; alias Fiona MacLeod<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDenisoff2013_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDenisoff2013-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Violet_Tweedale" title="Violet Tweedale">Violet Tweedale</a> (1862–1936), Scottish writer and spiritualist<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDavis202217_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDavis202217-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A._E._Waite" title="A. E. Waite">A. E. Waite</a> (1857–1942), British writer, <a href="/wiki/Freemasonry" title="Freemasonry">Freemason</a> and co-creator of the <a href="/wiki/Rider%E2%80%93Waite_tarot_deck" class="mw-redirect" title="Rider–Waite tarot deck">Rider–Waite tarot deck</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERegardie1982ix_41-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERegardie1982ix-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Wynn_Westcott" title="William Wynn Westcott">William Wynn Westcott</a> (1848–1925), founder of the Golden Dawn, doctor, London coroner, prolific writer, British Freemason, former Supreme Magus of the <a href="/wiki/Societas_Rosicruciana_in_Anglia" title="Societas Rosicruciana in Anglia">Societas Rosicruciana in Anglia (SRIA)</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKing198943_10-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKing198943-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Robert_Woodman" title="William Robert Woodman">William Robert Woodman</a> (1828–1891), doctor, British Freemason, former Supreme Magus of the <a href="/wiki/Societas_Rosicruciana_in_Anglia" title="Societas Rosicruciana in Anglia">Societas Rosicruciana in Anglia</a>, one of the three founders of the Golden Dawn<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKing198943_10-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKing198943-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W._B._Yeats" title="W. B. Yeats">W. B. Yeats</a> (1865–1939), Irish poet, dramatist and writer.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFoster1997103Cullingford1983_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFoster1997103Cullingford1983-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Alleged_members">Alleged members</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hermetic_Order_of_the_Golden_Dawn&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Alleged members"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/E._Nesbit" title="E. Nesbit">E. Nesbit</a> (1858–1924), English author and political activist. According to biographer Eleanor Fitzsimons: "Edith's reputed membership in the Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn, the foremost occult organization of the day, is intriguing. … Most biographical accounts suggest that Edith was a member of the Golden Dawn, but evidence to support this is rarely cited. The organization was of course secretive by nature, but eyewitness accounts never mentioned her as they did others, and her name does not appear on the rolls."<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Contemporary_Golden_Dawn_orders">Contemporary Golden Dawn orders</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hermetic_Order_of_the_Golden_Dawn&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Contemporary Golden Dawn orders"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>While no temples in the original chartered lineage of the Golden Dawn survived past the 1970s,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGilbert1986CiceroCicero2002_35-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGilbert1986CiceroCicero2002-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> several organizations have since carried on, revived or expanded upon the Order's teachings and rituals, including: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Hermetic_Order_of_the_Golden_Dawn,_Inc." title="The Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn, Inc.">The Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn, Inc.</a> (founded 1977)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thelemic_Order_of_the_Golden_Dawn" class="mw-redirect" title="Thelemic Order of the Golden Dawn">Thelemic Order of the Golden Dawn</a> (founded 1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_Source_Order_of_the_Golden_Dawn" title="Open Source Order of the Golden Dawn">Open Source Order of the Golden Dawn</a> (2002 – 2019)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="The_Golden_Dawn_book"><i>The Golden Dawn</i> book</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hermetic_Order_of_the_Golden_Dawn&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: The Golden Dawn book"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>The Golden Dawn</i>, by Israel Regardie; was published in 1937. The book is divided into several basic sections. First are the knowledge lectures, which describe the basic teaching of the Qabalah, symbolism, meditation, geomancy, etc. This is followed by the rituals of the Outer Order, consisting of five initiation rituals into the degrees of the Golden Dawn. The next section covers the rituals of the Inner Order including two initiation rituals and equinox ceremonies. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hermetic_Order_of_the_Golden_Dawn&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A%E2%88%B4A%E2%88%B4#The_Order_of_the_G∴D∴_(Golden_Dawn)" title="A∴A∴">A∴A∴ § The Order of the G∴D∴ (Golden Dawn)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magical_organization" title="Magical organization">Magical organization</a> – Organization for the practice of occult magic</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tattva_vision" title="Tattva vision">Tattva vision</a> – Subject related to ESP</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hermetic_Order_of_the_Golden_Dawn&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFJenkins2000">Jenkins 2000</a>, p. 74: "Also in the 1880s, the tradition of ritual magic was revived in London by a group of Masonic adepts, who formed the Order of the Golden Dawn, which would prove an incalculable influence on the whole subsequent history of occultism."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSmoley1999">Smoley 1999</a>, pp. 102–103: "Founded in 1888, the Golden Dawn lasted a mere twelve years before it was shattered by personal conflicts. At its height, it probably had no more than a hundred members. Yet its influence on magic and esoteric thought in the English-speaking world would be hard to overestimate."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Golden Dawn researcher R. A. Gilbert has found evidence which suggests that Westcott was instrumental in developing the Order's rituals from the Cipher Manuscripts. See Gilbert's article, "From Cipher to Enigma: The Role of William Wynn Westcott in the Creation of the Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn" in <a href="#CITEREFRunyon1997">Runyon 1997</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAnon2001">Anon 2001</a>: "The Golden Dawn ceased to exist by that name after October 1901, replaced by Mathers's Alpha et Omega and the London group’s Order of the Morgan Rothe. No longer associated with the SRIA after 1902, Mathers continued to oversee a few temples until his death, when his wife, Moina, assumed supervision."</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hermetic_Order_of_the_Golden_Dawn&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citations">Citations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hermetic_Order_of_the_Golden_Dawn&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Citations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEColquhoun1975[[Category:Wikipedia_articles_needing_page_number_citations_from_March_2022]]<sup_class="noprint_Inline-Template_"_style="white-space:nowrap;">&#91;<i>[[Wikipedia:Citing_sources|<span_title="This_citation_requires_a_reference_to_the_specific_page_or_range_of_pages_in_which_the_material_appears.&#32;(March_2022)">page&nbsp;needed</span>]]</i>&#93;</sup>-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEColquhoun1975[[Category:Wikipedia_articles_needing_page_number_citations_from_March_2022]]<sup_class="noprint_Inline-Template_"_style="white-space:nowrap;">&#91;<i>[[Wikipedia:Citing_sources|<span_title="This_citation_requires_a_reference_to_the_specific_page_or_range_of_pages_in_which_the_material_appears.&#32;(March_2022)">page&nbsp;needed</span>]]</i>&#93;</sup>_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFColquhoun1975">Colquhoun 1975</a>, p. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="This citation requires a reference to the specific page or range of pages in which the material appears. (March 2022)">page needed</span></a></i>]</sup>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFGilbert" class="citation web cs1">Gilbert, R. A. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://freemasonry.bcy.ca/aqc/waite/waite.html">"The Masonic Career of A. E. Waite"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Masonic+Career+of+A.+E.+Waite&rft.aulast=Gilbert&rft.aufirst=R.+A.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffreemasonry.bcy.ca%2Faqc%2Fwaite%2Fwaite.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHermetic+Order+of+the+Golden+Dawn" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKing198942–43-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKing198942–43_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKing198942–43_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKing198942–43_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKing1989">King 1989</a>, pp. 42–43.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKing198947-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKing198947_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKing198947_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKing1989">King 1989</a>, p. 47.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERegardie199392-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERegardie199392_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRegardie1993">Regardie 1993</a>, p. 92.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKing198943Regardie199311-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKing198943Regardie199311_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKing1989">King 1989</a>, p. 43; <a href="#CITEREFRegardie1993">Regardie 1993</a>, p. 11.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKing198943-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKing198943_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKing198943_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKing198943_10-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKing198943_10-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKing198943_10-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKing198943_10-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKing1989">King 1989</a>, p. 43.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERegardie199311-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERegardie199311_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRegardie1993">Regardie 1993</a>, p. 11.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKing199735-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKing199735_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKing1997">King 1997</a>, p. 35.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDeckerDummett201993–96-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDeckerDummett201993–96_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDeckerDummett2019">Decker & Dummett 2019</a>, pp. 93–96.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDeckerDummett201990-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDeckerDummett201990_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDeckerDummett2019">Decker & Dummett 2019</a>, p. 90.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKing198944-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKing198944_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKing1989">King 1989</a>, p. 44.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKing198946-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKing198946_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKing1989">King 1989</a>, p. 46.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPenczak200227-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPenczak200227_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPenczak2002">Penczak 2002</a>, p. 27.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKing198948-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKing198948_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKing1989">King 1989</a>, p. 48.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERaine19766-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERaine19766_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRaine1976">Raine 1976</a>, p. 6.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKing198966-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKing198966_20-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKing198966_20-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKing1989">King 1989</a>, p. 66.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKing198967-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKing198967_21-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKing198967_21-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKing1989">King 1989</a>, p. 67.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKing198968–69-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKing198968–69_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKing1989">King 1989</a>, pp. 68–69.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKing198969-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKing198969_23-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKing1989">King 1989</a>, p. 69.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMelton20011327-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMelton20011327_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMelton2001">Melton 2001</a>, p. 1327.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKing198978-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKing198978_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKing1989">King 1989</a>, p. 78.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKing198994-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKing198994_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKing1989">King 1989</a>, p. 94.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKing198995–96-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKing198995–96_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKing1989">King 1989</a>, pp. 95–96.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKing1989109-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKing1989109_28-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKing1989">King 1989</a>, p. 109.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKing1989110-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKing1989110_29-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKing1989110_29-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKing1989">King 1989</a>, p. 110.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERegardie199333-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERegardie199333_30-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRegardie1993">Regardie 1993</a>, p. 33.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKing1971110–111King1989111CiceroCicero2002-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKing1971110–111King1989111CiceroCicero2002_31-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKing1971">King 1971</a>, pp. 110–111; <a href="#CITEREFKing1989">King 1989</a>, p. 111; <a href="#CITEREFCiceroCicero2002">Cicero & Cicero 2002</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKing1989111-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKing1989111_33-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKing1989">King 1989</a>, p. 111.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKing1989111Regardie199333-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKing1989111Regardie199333_34-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKing1989">King 1989</a>, p. 111; <a href="#CITEREFRegardie1993">Regardie 1993</a>, p. 33.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGilbert1986CiceroCicero2002-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGilbert1986CiceroCicero2002_35-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGilbert1986CiceroCicero2002_35-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGilbert1986">Gilbert 1986</a>; <a href="#CITEREFCiceroCicero2002">Cicero & Cicero 2002</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGilbert1986b-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGilbert1986b_36-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGilbert1986b">Gilbert 1986b</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGilbert1986[[Category:Wikipedia_articles_needing_page_number_citations_from_May_2024]]<sup_class="noprint_Inline-Template_"_style="white-space:nowrap;">&#91;<i>[[Wikipedia:Citing_sources|<span_title="This_citation_requires_a_reference_to_the_specific_page_or_range_of_pages_in_which_the_material_appears.&#32;(May_2024)">page&nbsp;needed</span>]]</i>&#93;</sup>-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGilbert1986[[Category:Wikipedia_articles_needing_page_number_citations_from_May_2024]]<sup_class="noprint_Inline-Template_"_style="white-space:nowrap;">&#91;<i>[[Wikipedia:Citing_sources|<span_title="This_citation_requires_a_reference_to_the_specific_page_or_range_of_pages_in_which_the_material_appears.&#32;(May_2024)">page&nbsp;needed</span>]]</i>&#93;</sup>_37-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGilbert1986">Gilbert 1986</a>, p. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="This citation requires a reference to the specific page or range of pages in which the material appears. (May 2024)">page needed</span></a></i>]</sup>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarris199813-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHarris199813_38-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHarris1998">Harris 1998</a>, p. 13.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERegardie198216-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERegardie198216_39-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRegardie1982">Regardie 1982</a>, p. 16.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEColquhoun1975148–149-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEColquhoun1975148–149_40-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFColquhoun1975">Colquhoun 1975</a>, pp. 148–149.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERegardie1982ix-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERegardie1982ix_41-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERegardie1982ix_41-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERegardie1982ix_41-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERegardie1982ix_41-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRegardie1982">Regardie 1982</a>, p. ix.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECockin2017-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECockin2017_42-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCockin2017">Cockin 2017</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMoyle2011[httpsbooksgooglecombooksid0_dx3IouPU8CpgPT118_118]-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMoyle2011[httpsbooksgooglecombooksid0_dx3IouPU8CpgPT118_118]_43-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMoyle2011">Moyle 2011</a>, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=0_dx3IouPU8C&pg=PT118">118</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBooth200085,_93–94Sutin200054–55Kaczynski201060–61Churton201135-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBooth200085,_93–94Sutin200054–55Kaczynski201060–61Churton201135_44-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBooth2000">Booth 2000</a>, pp. 85, 93–94; <a href="#CITEREFSutin2000">Sutin 2000</a>, pp. 54–55; <a href="#CITEREFKaczynski2010">Kaczynski 2010</a>, pp. 60–61; <a href="#CITEREFChurton2011">Churton 2011</a>, p. 35.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEEllwood1993[[Category:Wikipedia_articles_needing_page_number_citations_from_November_2022]]<sup_class="noprint_Inline-Template_"_style="white-space:nowrap;">&#91;<i>[[Wikipedia:Citing_sources|<span_title="This_citation_requires_a_reference_to_the_specific_page_or_range_of_pages_in_which_the_material_appears.&#32;(November_2022)">page&nbsp;needed</span>]]</i>&#93;</sup>-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEllwood1993[[Category:Wikipedia_articles_needing_page_number_citations_from_November_2022]]<sup_class="noprint_Inline-Template_"_style="white-space:nowrap;">&#91;<i>[[Wikipedia:Citing_sources|<span_title="This_citation_requires_a_reference_to_the_specific_page_or_range_of_pages_in_which_the_material_appears.&#32;(November_2022)">page&nbsp;needed</span>]]</i>&#93;</sup>_45-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFEllwood1993">Ellwood 1993</a>, p. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="This citation requires a reference to the specific page or range of pages in which the material appears. (November 2022)">page needed</span></a></i>]</sup>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnon1987-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAnon1987_46-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAnon1987">Anon 1987</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBlackmore1985-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBlackmore1985_47-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBlackmore1985_47-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBlackmore1985">Blackmore 1985</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEYeats1927[httpsarchiveorgdetailsautobiographiesr0000wbyepage228_228]-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEYeats1927[httpsarchiveorgdetailsautobiographiesr0000wbyepage228_228]_48-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFYeats1927">Yeats 1927</a>, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/autobiographiesr0000wbye/page/228">228</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnon2001-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAnon2001_49-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAnon2001">Anon 2001</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDavis202216Gilbert1986145-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDavis202216Gilbert1986145_50-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDavis2022">Davis 2022</a>, p. 16; <a href="#CITEREFGilbert1986">Gilbert 1986</a>, p. 145.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDenisoff2013-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDenisoff2013_51-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDenisoff2013">Denisoff 2013</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDavis202217-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDavis202217_52-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDavis2022">Davis 2022</a>, p. 17.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFoster1997103Cullingford1983-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFoster1997103Cullingford1983_53-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFoster1997">Foster 1997</a>, p. 103; <a href="#CITEREFCullingford1983">Cullingford 1983</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFitzsimons2019">Fitzsimons 2019</a> as quoted in <a href="#CITEREFHine2021">Hine 2021</a>.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Works_cited">Works cited</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hermetic_Order_of_the_Golden_Dawn&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Works cited"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-hanging-indents refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAnon1987" class="citation journal cs1">Anon (1987). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://freemasonry.bcy.ca/biography/esoterica/gardner_f/gardner_f.html">"Frederick Leigh Gardner"</a>. <i>Ars Quatour Coronatorum</i>. <b>100</b>. Grand Lodge of British Columbia and Yukon: 19<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 13,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ars+Quatour+Coronatorum&rft.atitle=Frederick+Leigh+Gardner&rft.volume=100&rft.pages=19&rft.date=1987&rft.au=Anon&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffreemasonry.bcy.ca%2Fbiography%2Fesoterica%2Fgardner_f%2Fgardner_f.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHermetic+Order+of+the+Golden+Dawn" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAnon2001" class="citation web cs1">Anon (February 26, 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://freemasonry.bcy.ca/biography/esoterica/mathers_m/mathers_m.html">"Samuel Liddel MacGregor Mathers"</a>. <i>freemasonry.bcy.ca</i>. Grand Lodge of British Columbia and Yukon A.F. & A. M<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 19,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=freemasonry.bcy.ca&rft.atitle=Samuel+Liddel+MacGregor+Mathers&rft.date=2001-02-26&rft.au=Anon&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffreemasonry.bcy.ca%2Fbiography%2Fesoterica%2Fmathers_m%2Fmathers_m.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHermetic+Order+of+the+Golden+Dawn" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBlackmore1985" class="citation web cs1">Blackmore, Leigh (1985). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091109074626/http://shadowplayzine.com/Articles/hermetic_horrors.htm">"Hermetic Horrors: Weird Fiction Writers and the Golden Dawn"</a>. <i>Shadowplay</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.shadowplayzine.com/Articles/hermetic_horrors.htm">the original</a> on November 9, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 25,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Shadowplay&rft.atitle=Hermetic+Horrors%3A+Weird+Fiction+Writers+and+the+Golden+Dawn&rft.date=1985&rft.aulast=Blackmore&rft.aufirst=Leigh&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.shadowplayzine.com%2FArticles%2Fhermetic_horrors.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHermetic+Order+of+the+Golden+Dawn" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBooth2000" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Martin_Booth" title="Martin Booth">Booth, Martin</a> (2000). <i>A Magick Life: The Biography of Aleister Crowley</i>. London: Coronet Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-340-71806-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-340-71806-3"><bdi>978-0-340-71806-3</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/59483726">59483726</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Magick+Life%3A+The+Biography+of+Aleister+Crowley&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Coronet+Books&rft.date=2000&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F59483726&rft.isbn=978-0-340-71806-3&rft.aulast=Booth&rft.aufirst=Martin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHermetic+Order+of+the+Golden+Dawn" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChurton2011" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Tobias_Churton" title="Tobias Churton">Churton, Tobias</a> (2011). <i>Aleister Crowley: The Biography</i>. London: Watkins Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-78028-012-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-78028-012-7"><bdi>978-1-78028-012-7</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/701810228">701810228</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Aleister+Crowley%3A+The+Biography&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Watkins+Books&rft.date=2011&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F701810228&rft.isbn=978-1-78028-012-7&rft.aulast=Churton&rft.aufirst=Tobias&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHermetic+Order+of+the+Golden+Dawn" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCiceroCicero2002" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Chic_Cicero" title="Chic Cicero">Cicero, Chic</a>; <a href="/wiki/Sandra_Tabatha_Cicero" title="Sandra Tabatha Cicero">Cicero, Sandra Tabatha</a> (May 10, 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.llewellynencyclopedia.com/article/35">"Golden Dawn Time Line"</a>. <i>Llewellyn Encyclopedia</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 13,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Llewellyn+Encyclopedia&rft.atitle=Golden+Dawn+Time+Line&rft.date=2002-05-10&rft.aulast=Cicero&rft.aufirst=Chic&rft.au=Cicero%2C+Sandra+Tabatha&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.llewellynencyclopedia.com%2Farticle%2F35&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHermetic+Order+of+the+Golden+Dawn" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCockin2017" class="citation book cs1">Cockin, Katharine (2017). <i>Edith Craig and the Theatres of Art</i>. Bloomsbury Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1472570611" title="Special:BookSources/978-1472570611"><bdi>978-1472570611</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Edith+Craig+and+the+Theatres+of+Art&rft.pub=Bloomsbury+Publishing&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=978-1472570611&rft.aulast=Cockin&rft.aufirst=Katharine&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHermetic+Order+of+the+Golden+Dawn" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFColquhoun1975" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Ithell_Colquhoun" title="Ithell Colquhoun">Colquhoun, Ithell</a> (1975). <i>Sword of Wisdom: Macgregor Mathers and the Golden Dawn</i>. Neville Spearman. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-85435-092-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-85435-092-6"><bdi>0-85435-092-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sword+of+Wisdom%3A+Macgregor+Mathers+and+the+Golden+Dawn&rft.pub=Neville+Spearman&rft.date=1975&rft.isbn=0-85435-092-6&rft.aulast=Colquhoun&rft.aufirst=Ithell&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHermetic+Order+of+the+Golden+Dawn" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCullingford1983" class="citation journal cs1">Cullingford, Elizabeth (1983). "How Jacques Molay Got Up the Tower: Yeats and the Irish Civil War". <i>English Literary History</i>. <b>50</b> (4): 763–789. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F2872926">10.2307/2872926</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/2872926">2872926</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=English+Literary+History&rft.atitle=How+Jacques+Molay+Got+Up+the+Tower%3A+Yeats+and+the+Irish+Civil+War&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=763-789&rft.date=1983&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F2872926&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F2872926%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Cullingford&rft.aufirst=Elizabeth&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHermetic+Order+of+the+Golden+Dawn" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDavis2022" class="citation journal cs1">Davis, Sally (August 6, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6971255">"Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn: Biographies of Members"</a>. <i>Zenodo.org</i>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.5281%2Fzenodo.6971255">10.5281/zenodo.6971255</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 13,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Zenodo.org&rft.atitle=Hermetic+Order+of+the+Golden+Dawn%3A+Biographies+of+Members&rft.date=2022-08-06&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.5281%2Fzenodo.6971255&rft.aulast=Davis&rft.aufirst=Sally&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.5281%2Fzenodo.6971255&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHermetic+Order+of+the+Golden+Dawn" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDeckerDummett2019" class="citation book cs1">Decker, Ronald; Dummett, Michael (2019). <i>A History of the Occult Tarot</i>. London: Duckworth. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780715645727" title="Special:BookSources/9780715645727"><bdi>9780715645727</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+History+of+the+Occult+Tarot&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Duckworth&rft.date=2019&rft.isbn=9780715645727&rft.aulast=Decker&rft.aufirst=Ronald&rft.au=Dummett%2C+Michael&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHermetic+Order+of+the+Golden+Dawn" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDenisoff2013" class="citation web cs1">Denisoff, Dennis (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.branchcollective.org/?ps_articles=dennis-denisoff-the-hermetic-order-of-the-golden-dawn-1888-1901">"The Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn, 1888-1901"</a>. <i>Branch: Britain, Representation and Nineteenth-Century History</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 13,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Branch%3A+Britain%2C+Representation+and+Nineteenth-Century+History&rft.atitle=The+Hermetic+Order+of+the+Golden+Dawn%2C+1888-1901&rft.date=2013&rft.aulast=Denisoff&rft.aufirst=Dennis&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.branchcollective.org%2F%3Fps_articles%3Ddennis-denisoff-the-hermetic-order-of-the-golden-dawn-1888-1901&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHermetic+Order+of+the+Golden+Dawn" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEllwood1993" class="citation book cs1">Ellwood, Robert S. (1993). <i>Islands of the Dawn: The Story of Alternative Spirituality in New Zealand</i>. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8248-1487-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-8248-1487-8"><bdi>0-8248-1487-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Islands+of+the+Dawn%3A+The+Story+of+Alternative+Spirituality+in+New+Zealand&rft.place=Honolulu&rft.pub=University+of+Hawaii+Press&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=0-8248-1487-8&rft.aulast=Ellwood&rft.aufirst=Robert+S.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHermetic+Order+of+the+Golden+Dawn" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFitzsimons2019" class="citation book cs1">Fitzsimons, Eleanor (2019). <i>The Life and Loves of E. Nesbit: Victorian Iconoclast, Children's Author, and Creator of The Railway Children</i>. Overlook Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1468316759" title="Special:BookSources/978-1468316759"><bdi>978-1468316759</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Life+and+Loves+of+E.+Nesbit%3A+Victorian+Iconoclast%2C+Children%27s+Author%2C+and+Creator+of+The+Railway+Children&rft.pub=Overlook+Press&rft.date=2019&rft.isbn=978-1468316759&rft.aulast=Fitzsimons&rft.aufirst=Eleanor&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHermetic+Order+of+the+Golden+Dawn" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFoster1997" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol"><a href="/wiki/R._F._Foster_(historian)" title="R. F. Foster (historian)">Foster, R. F.</a> (1997). <i>W. B. Yeats: A Life</i>. Vol. I: The Apprentice Mage. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-288085-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-288085-7"><bdi>978-0-19-288085-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=W.+B.+Yeats%3A+A+Life&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=978-0-19-288085-7&rft.aulast=Foster&rft.aufirst=R.+F.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHermetic+Order+of+the+Golden+Dawn" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGilbert1986" class="citation book cs1">Gilbert, Robert A. (1986). <i>The Golden Dawn Companion</i>. Wellingborough: Aquarian. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-85030-436-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-85030-436-9"><bdi>0-85030-436-9</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/60016501">60016501</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Golden+Dawn+Companion&rft.place=Wellingborough&rft.pub=Aquarian&rft.date=1986&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F60016501&rft.isbn=0-85030-436-9&rft.aulast=Gilbert&rft.aufirst=Robert+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHermetic+Order+of+the+Golden+Dawn" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGilbert1986b" class="citation journal cs1">Gilbert, R. A. (1986b). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://freemasonry.bcy.ca/aqc/waite/waite.html">"The masonic career of A.E. Waite"</a>. <i>Ars Quatour Coronatorum</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ars+Quatour+Coronatorum&rft.atitle=The+masonic+career+of+A.E.+Waite&rft.date=1986&rft.aulast=Gilbert&rft.aufirst=R.+A.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffreemasonry.bcy.ca%2Faqc%2Fwaite%2Fwaite.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHermetic+Order+of+the+Golden+Dawn" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHarris1998" class="citation journal cs1">Harris, Elizabeth J. (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bps.lk/olib/wh/wh420_Harris_Ananda-Metteyya--First-British-Emissary-of-Buddhism.pdf">"Ananda Metteya, the First British Emissary of Buddhism"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>The Wheel Publication</i> (420–422). <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9552401798" title="Special:BookSources/9552401798"><bdi>9552401798</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 13,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Wheel+Publication&rft.atitle=Ananda+Metteya%2C+the+First+British+Emissary+of+Buddhism&rft.issue=420%E2%80%93422&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=9552401798&rft.aulast=Harris&rft.aufirst=Elizabeth+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bps.lk%2Folib%2Fwh%2Fwh420_Harris_Ananda-Metteyya--First-British-Emissary-of-Buddhism.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHermetic+Order+of+the+Golden+Dawn" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHine2021" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Phil_Hine" title="Phil Hine">Hine, Phil</a> (February 19, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://enfolding.org/jottings-edith-nesbit-and-the-golden-dawn/">"Jottings: Edith Nesbit and the Golden Dawn"</a>. <i>Enfolding.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 15,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Enfolding.org&rft.atitle=Jottings%3A+Edith+Nesbit+and+the+Golden+Dawn&rft.date=2021-02-19&rft.aulast=Hine&rft.aufirst=Phil&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fenfolding.org%2Fjottings-edith-nesbit-and-the-golden-dawn%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHermetic+Order+of+the+Golden+Dawn" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJenkins2000" class="citation book cs1">Jenkins, Phillip (2000). <i>Mystics and Messiahs: Cults and New Religions in American History</i>. <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-512744-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-512744-7"><bdi>978-0-19-512744-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mystics+and+Messiahs%3A+Cults+and+New+Religions+in+American+History&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-0-19-512744-7&rft.aulast=Jenkins&rft.aufirst=Phillip&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHermetic+Order+of+the+Golden+Dawn" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKaczynski2010" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Kaczynski" title="Richard Kaczynski">Kaczynski, Richard</a> (2010). <i>Perdurabo: The Life of Aleister Crowley</i> (1st ed.). Berkeley, California: North Atlantic Books.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Perdurabo%3A+The+Life+of+Aleister+Crowley&rft.place=Berkeley%2C+California&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=North+Atlantic+Books&rft.date=2010&rft.aulast=Kaczynski&rft.aufirst=Richard&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHermetic+Order+of+the+Golden+Dawn" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKing1971" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Francis_X._King" title="Francis X. King">King, Francis X.</a> (1971). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/ritesofmodernocc00king"><i>The Rites of Modern Occult Magic</i></a></span> (1st ed.). Macmillan Co. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-85327-032-6" title="Special:BookSources/1-85327-032-6"><bdi>1-85327-032-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Rites+of+Modern+Occult+Magic&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=Macmillan+Co.&rft.date=1971&rft.isbn=1-85327-032-6&rft.aulast=King&rft.aufirst=Francis+X.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fritesofmodernocc00king&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHermetic+Order+of+the+Golden+Dawn" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKing1989" class="citation book cs1">King, Francis (1989). <i>Modern Ritual Magic: The Rise of Western Occultism</i>. Prism. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-85327-032-6" title="Special:BookSources/1-85327-032-6"><bdi>1-85327-032-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Modern+Ritual+Magic%3A+The+Rise+of+Western+Occultism&rft.pub=Prism&rft.date=1989&rft.isbn=1-85327-032-6&rft.aulast=King&rft.aufirst=Francis&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHermetic+Order+of+the+Golden+Dawn" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKing1997" class="citation book cs1">King, Francis, ed. (1997). <i>Ritual Magic of the Golden Dawn: Works by S. L. MacGregor Mathers and Others</i>. <a href="/wiki/Destiny_Books" class="mw-redirect" title="Destiny Books">Destiny Books</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-89281-617-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-89281-617-1"><bdi>0-89281-617-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ritual+Magic+of+the+Golden+Dawn%3A+Works+by+S.+L.+MacGregor+Mathers+and+Others&rft.pub=Destiny+Books&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=0-89281-617-1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHermetic+Order+of+the+Golden+Dawn" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMelton2001" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/J._Gordon_Melton" title="J. Gordon Melton">Melton, J. Gordon</a>, ed. (2001). <i>Encyclopedia of Occultism and Parapsychology</i>. Vol. 2. Gale Group. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8103-9489-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-8103-9489-8"><bdi>0-8103-9489-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Occultism+and+Parapsychology&rft.pub=Gale+Group&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=0-8103-9489-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHermetic+Order+of+the+Golden+Dawn" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMoyle2011" class="citation book cs1">Moyle, Franny (2011). <i>Constance: The Tragic and Scandalous Life of Mrs Oscar Wilde</i>. Hachette UK. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781848544611" title="Special:BookSources/9781848544611"><bdi>9781848544611</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Constance%3A+The+Tragic+and+Scandalous+Life+of+Mrs+Oscar+Wilde&rft.pub=Hachette+UK&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=9781848544611&rft.aulast=Moyle&rft.aufirst=Franny&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHermetic+Order+of+the+Golden+Dawn" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPenczak2002" class="citation book cs1">Penczak, Christopher (2002). <i>Spirit Allies</i>. Red Wheel/Weiser Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-57863-214-5" title="Special:BookSources/1-57863-214-5"><bdi>1-57863-214-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Spirit+Allies&rft.pub=Red+Wheel%2FWeiser+Books&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=1-57863-214-5&rft.aulast=Penczak&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHermetic+Order+of+the+Golden+Dawn" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRaine1976" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Kathleen_Raine" title="Kathleen Raine">Raine, Kathleen</a> (1976) [1972]. Miller, Liam (ed.). <i>Yeats, the Tarot and the Golden Dawn</i>. New Yeats Papers. Vol. II (2nd ed.). Dublin: Dolmen Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Yeats%2C+the+Tarot+and+the+Golden+Dawn&rft.place=Dublin&rft.series=New+Yeats+Papers&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Dolmen+Press&rft.date=1976&rft.aulast=Raine&rft.aufirst=Kathleen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHermetic+Order+of+the+Golden+Dawn" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRegardie1982" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Israel_Regardie" title="Israel Regardie">Regardie, Israel</a>; et al. (1982). <i>The Golden Dawn: An Account of the Teachings, Rites, and Ceremonies of the Order of the Golden Dawn</i>. Vol. 3–4. Llewellyn Publications. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87542-664-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-87542-664-6"><bdi>0-87542-664-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Golden+Dawn%3A+An+Account+of+the+Teachings%2C+Rites%2C+and+Ceremonies+of+the+Order+of+the+Golden+Dawn&rft.pub=Llewellyn+Publications&rft.date=1982&rft.isbn=0-87542-664-6&rft.aulast=Regardie&rft.aufirst=Israel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHermetic+Order+of+the+Golden+Dawn" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRegardie1993" class="citation book cs1">Regardie, Israel (1993). <i>What You Should Know About the Golden Dawn</i> (6th ed.). New Falcon Publications. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-56184-064-5" title="Special:BookSources/1-56184-064-5"><bdi>1-56184-064-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=What+You+Should+Know+About+the+Golden+Dawn&rft.edition=6th&rft.pub=New+Falcon+Publications&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=1-56184-064-5&rft.aulast=Regardie&rft.aufirst=Israel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHermetic+Order+of+the+Golden+Dawn" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRunyon1997" class="citation book cs1">Runyon, Carroll (1997). <i>Secrets of the Golden Dawn Cipher Manuscripts</i>. C.H.S. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-9654881-2-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-9654881-2-8"><bdi>0-9654881-2-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Secrets+of+the+Golden+Dawn+Cipher+Manuscripts&rft.pub=C.H.S.&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=0-9654881-2-8&rft.aulast=Runyon&rft.aufirst=Carroll&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHermetic+Order+of+the+Golden+Dawn" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSmoley1999" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Smoley" title="Richard Smoley">Smoley, Richard</a> (1999). <i>Hidden Wisdom: A Guide to the Western Inner Traditions</i>. <a href="/wiki/Quest_Books" class="mw-redirect" title="Quest Books">Quest Books</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8356-0844-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8356-0844-2"><bdi>978-0-8356-0844-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hidden+Wisdom%3A+A+Guide+to+the+Western+Inner+Traditions&rft.pub=Quest+Books&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=978-0-8356-0844-2&rft.aulast=Smoley&rft.aufirst=Richard&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHermetic+Order+of+the+Golden+Dawn" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSutin2000" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Sutin" title="Lawrence Sutin">Sutin, Lawrence</a> (2000). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/dowhatthouwiltli0000suti"><i>Do What Thou Wilt: A Life of Aleister Crowley</i></a></span>. New York: St Martin's Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-312-25243-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-312-25243-4"><bdi>978-0-312-25243-4</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/43581537">43581537</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Do+What+Thou+Wilt%3A+A+Life+of+Aleister+Crowley&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=St+Martin%27s+Press&rft.date=2000&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F43581537&rft.isbn=978-0-312-25243-4&rft.aulast=Sutin&rft.aufirst=Lawrence&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fdowhatthouwiltli0000suti&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHermetic+Order+of+the+Golden+Dawn" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYeats1927" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/W._B._Yeats" title="W. B. Yeats">Yeats, William Butler</a> (1927). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/autobiographiesr0000wbye"><i>Autobiographies: Reveries over Childhood and Youth and the Trembling of the Veil</i></a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Autobiographies%3A+Reveries+over+Childhood+and+Youth+and+the+Trembling+of+the+Veil&rft.date=1927&rft.aulast=Yeats&rft.aufirst=William+Butler&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fautobiographiesr0000wbye&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHermetic+Order+of+the+Golden+Dawn" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hermetic_Order_of_the_Golden_Dawn&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Aleister_Crowley_bibliography" title="Aleister Crowley bibliography">Aleister Crowley bibliography</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239549316"><div class="refbegin refbegin-hanging-indents refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFA.o.C.2002" class="citation web cs1">A.o.C., Fra. (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070928121719/http://www.osogd.org/library/biscuits/history.html">"A Short Treatise on the History, Culture and Practices of The Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn"</a>. <i>Osogd.org</i>. Open Source Order of the Golden Dawn. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.osogd.org/library/biscuits/history.html">the original</a> on September 28, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 3,</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Osogd.org&rft.atitle=A+Short+Treatise+on+the+History%2C+Culture+and+Practices+of+The+Hermetic+Order+of+the+Golden+Dawn&rft.date=2002&rft.aulast=A.o.C.&rft.aufirst=Fra.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.osogd.org%2Flibrary%2Fbiscuits%2Fhistory.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHermetic+Order+of+the+Golden+Dawn" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFArmstrongGilbert1997" class="citation book cs1">Armstrong, Allan; Gilbert, R. A., eds. (1997). <i>Golden Dawn: The Proceedings of the Golden Dawn Conference, London – 1997</i>. Hermetic Research Trust.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Golden+Dawn%3A+The+Proceedings+of+the+Golden+Dawn+Conference%2C+London+%E2%80%93+1997&rft.pub=Hermetic+Research+Trust&rft.date=1997&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHermetic+Order+of+the+Golden+Dawn" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCiceroCicero1991" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Chic_Cicero" title="Chic Cicero">Cicero, Chic</a>; <a href="/wiki/Sandra_Tabatha_Cicero" title="Sandra Tabatha Cicero">Cicero, Tabatha</a> (1991). <i>The New Golden Dawn Ritual Tarot</i>. St. Paul, MN: <a href="/wiki/Llewellyn_Publications" class="mw-redirect" title="Llewellyn Publications">Llewellyn Publications</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87542-139-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-87542-139-3"><bdi>0-87542-139-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+New+Golden+Dawn+Ritual+Tarot&rft.place=St.+Paul%2C+MN&rft.pub=Llewellyn+Publications&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=0-87542-139-3&rft.aulast=Cicero&rft.aufirst=Chic&rft.au=Cicero%2C+Tabatha&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHermetic+Order+of+the+Golden+Dawn" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGilbert1983" class="citation book cs1">Gilbert, Robert A. (1983). <i>The Golden Dawn: Twilight of the Magicians</i>. The Aquarian Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-85030-278-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-85030-278-1"><bdi>0-85030-278-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Golden+Dawn%3A+Twilight+of+the+Magicians&rft.pub=The+Aquarian+Press&rft.date=1983&rft.isbn=0-85030-278-1&rft.aulast=Gilbert&rft.aufirst=Robert+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHermetic+Order+of+the+Golden+Dawn" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGilbert1998" class="citation book cs1">Gilbert, Robert A. (1998). <i>Golden Dawn Scrapbook: The Rise and Fall of a Magical Order</i>. <a href="/wiki/Weiser_Books" class="mw-redirect" title="Weiser Books">Weiser Books</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-57863-037-1" title="Special:BookSources/1-57863-037-1"><bdi>1-57863-037-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Golden+Dawn+Scrapbook%3A+The+Rise+and+Fall+of+a+Magical+Order&rft.pub=Weiser+Books&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=1-57863-037-1&rft.aulast=Gilbert&rft.aufirst=Robert+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHermetic+Order+of+the+Golden+Dawn" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGreer1994" class="citation book cs1">Greer, Mary K. (1994). <i>Women of the Golden Dawn</i>. Park Street. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-89281-516-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-89281-516-7"><bdi>0-89281-516-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Women+of+the+Golden+Dawn&rft.pub=Park+Street&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=0-89281-516-7&rft.aulast=Greer&rft.aufirst=Mary+K.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHermetic+Order+of+the+Golden+Dawn" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGreerKuntz1999" class="citation book cs1">Greer, Mary K.; Kuntz, Darcy (1999). <i>The Chronology of the Golden Dawn</i>. Holmes Publishing Group. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-55818-354-X" title="Special:BookSources/1-55818-354-X"><bdi>1-55818-354-X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Chronology+of+the+Golden+Dawn&rft.pub=Holmes+Publishing+Group&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=1-55818-354-X&rft.aulast=Greer&rft.aufirst=Mary+K.&rft.au=Kuntz%2C+Darcy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHermetic+Order+of+the+Golden+Dawn" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHowe1978" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Ellic_Howe" title="Ellic Howe">Howe, Ellic</a> (1978). <i>The Magicians of the Golden Dawn: A Documentary History of a Magical Order 1887–1923</i>. <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Weiser" class="mw-redirect" title="Samuel Weiser">Samuel Weiser</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87728-369-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-87728-369-9"><bdi>0-87728-369-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Magicians+of+the+Golden+Dawn%3A+A+Documentary+History+of+a+Magical+Order+1887%E2%80%931923&rft.pub=Samuel+Weiser&rft.date=1978&rft.isbn=0-87728-369-9&rft.aulast=Howe&rft.aufirst=Ellic&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHermetic+Order+of+the+Golden+Dawn" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKuntz1996" class="citation book cs1">Kuntz, Darcy, ed. (1996). <i>The Complete Golden Dawn Manuscript</i>. Golden Dawn Studies. Translated by Darcy Kuntz. Holmes Publishing Group. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1558183254" title="Special:BookSources/978-1558183254"><bdi>978-1558183254</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Complete+Golden+Dawn+Manuscript&rft.series=Golden+Dawn+Studies&rft.pub=Holmes+Publishing+Group&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=978-1558183254&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHermetic+Order+of+the+Golden+Dawn" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRegardie1989" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Israel_Regardie" title="Israel Regardie">Regardie, Israel</a>; et al., eds. (1989). <i>The Golden Dawn: A Complete Course in Practical Ceremonial Magic</i>. Llewellyn. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87542-663-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-87542-663-8"><bdi>0-87542-663-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Golden+Dawn%3A+A+Complete+Course+in+Practical+Ceremonial+Magic&rft.pub=Llewellyn&rft.date=1989&rft.isbn=0-87542-663-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHermetic+Order+of+the+Golden+Dawn" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSuster1990" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Gerald_Suster" title="Gerald Suster">Suster, Gerald</a> (1990). <i>Crowley's Apprentice: The Life and Ideas of Israel Regardie</i>. Weiser Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87728-700-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-87728-700-7"><bdi>0-87728-700-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Crowley%27s+Apprentice%3A+The+Life+and+Ideas+of+Israel+Regardie&rft.pub=Weiser+Books&rft.date=1990&rft.isbn=0-87728-700-7&rft.aulast=Suster&rft.aufirst=Gerald&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHermetic+Order+of+the+Golden+Dawn" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWestcottn.d." class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/W._Wynn_Westcott" class="mw-redirect" title="W. Wynn Westcott">Westcott, W. Wynn</a> (n.d.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060208140522/http://altreligion.about.com/library/texts/bl_historygoldendawn.htm">"The History of the Golden Dawn"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://altreligion.about.com/library/texts/bl_historygoldendawn.htm">the original</a> on February 8, 2006.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+History+of+the+Golden+Dawn&rft.aulast=Westcott&rft.aufirst=W.+Wynn&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Faltreligion.about.com%2Flibrary%2Ftexts%2Fbl_historygoldendawn.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHermetic+Order+of+the+Golden+Dawn" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hermetic_Order_of_the_Golden_Dawn&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Hermetic_Order_of_the_Golden_Dawn" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn">Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/34px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="34" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/51px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/68px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikiquote has quotations related to <i><b><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/Hermetic_Order_of_the_Golden_Dawn" class="extiw" title="q:Special:Search/Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn">Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.llewellynencyclopedia.com/term/Golden+Dawn">Term: Golden Dawn</a> in <i>Llewellyn Encyclopedia</i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://my.matterport.com/show/?m=CfD9eU6iPhf&mls=1">The Life and Work of WB Yeats</a>. Material on display in exhibition includes Yeat's ritual notebooks.</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Magic_and_witchcraft_in_Britain" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Magic_and_Witchcraft_in_the_British_Isles" title="Template:Magic and Witchcraft in the British Isles"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Magic_and_Witchcraft_in_the_British_Isles" title="Template talk:Magic and Witchcraft in the British Isles"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Magic_and_Witchcraft_in_the_British_Isles" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Magic and Witchcraft in the British Isles"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Magic_and_witchcraft_in_Britain" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Magic_(supernatural)" title="Magic (supernatural)">Magic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Witchcraft" title="Witchcraft">witchcraft</a> in Britain</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Folk magic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Variants</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anglo-Saxon_metrical_charms" title="Anglo-Saxon metrical charms">Anglo-Saxon metrical charms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglo-Saxon_paganism" title="Anglo-Saxon paganism">Anglo-Saxon paganism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cunning_folk_in_Britain" title="Cunning folk in Britain">Cunning folk in Britain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sorcery_(goetia)" title="Sorcery (goetia)">Goetia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicnevin" title="Nicnevin">Nicnevin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Magicians</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dummy,_the_Witch_of_Sible_Hedingham" title="Dummy, the Witch of Sible Hedingham">Dummy, the Witch of Sible Hedingham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Murrell" title="James Murrell">James Murrell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Pickingill" title="George Pickingill">George Pickingill</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ceremonial_magic" title="Ceremonial magic">Ceremonial magic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A%E2%88%B4A%E2%88%B4" title="A∴A∴">A∴A∴</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_et_Omega" title="Alpha et Omega">Alpha et Omega</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermetic_Brotherhood_of_Luxor" title="Hermetic Brotherhood of Luxor">Hermetic Brotherhood of Luxor</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ceremonial_magic#James_Lees" title="Ceremonial magic">O∴A∴A∴</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ordo_Templi_Orientis" title="Ordo Templi Orientis">Ordo Templi Orientis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Society_of_the_Inner_Light" title="Society of the Inner Light">Society of the Inner Light</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Typhonian_Order" title="Typhonian Order">Typhonian Order</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Magicians</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Peter_J._Carroll" title="Peter J. Carroll">Peter J. Carroll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_D._Chumbley" title="Andrew D. Chumbley">Andrew Chumbley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleister_Crowley" title="Aleister Crowley">Aleister Crowley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Dee" title="John Dee">John Dee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Grant" title="Kenneth Grant">Kenneth Grant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dion_Fortune" title="Dion Fortune">Dion Fortune</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phil_Hine" title="Phil Hine">Phil Hine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ceremonial_magic#James_Lees" title="Ceremonial magic">James Lees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Liddell_MacGregor_Mathers" title="Samuel Liddell MacGregor Mathers">Samuel Liddell MacGregor Mathers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madeline_Montalban" title="Madeline Montalban">Madeline Montalban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Moore" title="Alan Moore">Alan Moore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austin_Osman_Spare" title="Austin Osman Spare">Austin Osman Spare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A._E._Waite" title="A. E. Waite">A. E. Waite</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Witchcraft_in_early_modern_Britain" title="Witchcraft in early modern Britain">Early Modern<br /> witchcraft</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Witchcraft_in_early_modern_Scotland" class="mw-redirect" title="Witchcraft in early modern Scotland">In Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Witchcraft_in_early_modern_Wales" title="Witchcraft in early modern Wales">In Wales</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Trials</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Windsor_Witches" title="Windsor Witches">Windsor Witches</a> <ul><li>1579</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Witches_of_Warboys" title="Witches of Warboys">Witches of Warboys</a> <ul><li>1589–1593</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Berwick_witch_trials" title="North Berwick witch trials">North Berwick witch trials</a> <ul><li>1590</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aberdeen_witch_trials_of_1596-1597" class="mw-redirect" title="Aberdeen witch trials of 1596-1597">Aberdeen witch trials</a> <ul><li>1596–1597</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pendle_witches" title="Pendle witches">Pendle witches</a> <ul><li>1612</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northamptonshire_witch_trials" title="Northamptonshire witch trials">Northamptonshire witch trials</a> <ul><li>1612</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samlesbury_witches" title="Samlesbury witches">Samlesbury witches</a> <ul><li>1612</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Witches_of_Belvoir" title="Witches of Belvoir">Witches of Belvoir</a> <ul><li>1619</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bury_St_Edmunds_witch_trials" title="Bury St Edmunds witch trials">Bury St Edmunds witch trials</a> <ul><li>1645, 1662, 1655, 1694</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alloa_witches" title="Alloa witches">Alloa witches</a> <ul><li>1658</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bideford_witch_trial" title="Bideford witch trial">Bideford witch trial</a> <ul><li>1684</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paisley_witches" title="Paisley witches">Paisley witches</a> <ul><li>1696</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pittenweem_witches" title="Pittenweem witches">Pittenweem witches</a> <ul><li>1704</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islandmagee_witch_trial" title="Islandmagee witch trial">Islandmagee witch trial</a> <ul><li>1711</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Accused<br />witches</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lilias_Adie" title="Lilias Adie">Lilias Adie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Aitken_(witch)" title="Margaret Aitken (witch)">Margaret Aitken</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allison_Balfour" title="Allison Balfour">Allison Balfour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Bane" title="Margaret Bane">Margaret Bane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Barclay" title="Margaret Barclay">Margaret Barclay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magdalene_Blair" title="Magdalene Blair">Magdalene Blair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janet_Boyman" title="Janet Boyman">Janet Boyman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Burges" title="Margaret Burges">Margaret Burges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katherine_Campbell_(accused_witch)" title="Katherine Campbell (accused witch)">Katherine Campbell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janet_Douglas,_Lady_Glamis" title="Janet Douglas, Lady Glamis">Janet Douglas, Lady Glamis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meg_Dow" title="Meg Dow">Meg Dow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Duchill" title="Margaret Duchill">Margaret Duchill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geillis_Duncan" title="Geillis Duncan">Geillis Duncan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bessie_Dunlop_of_Lynn" title="Bessie Dunlop of Lynn">Bessie Dunlop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isobel_Elliot" title="Isobel Elliot">Isobel Elliot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Issobell_Fergussone" title="Issobell Fergussone">Issobell Fergussone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Fian" title="John Fian">John Fian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agnes_Finnie" title="Agnes Finnie">Agnes Finnie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maud_Galt" title="Maud Galt">Maud Galt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gormshuil_Mh%C3%B2r_na_Maighe" title="Gormshuil Mhòr na Maighe">Gormshuil Mhòr na Maighe (aka Gormla)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isobel_Gowdie" title="Isobel Gowdie">Isobel Gowdie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helen_Guthrie_(Accused_Witch)" class="mw-redirect" title="Helen Guthrie (Accused Witch)">Helen Guthrie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gwen_ferch_Ellis" title="Gwen ferch Ellis">Gwen ferch Ellis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janet_Horne" title="Janet Horne">Janet Horne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grissel_Jaffray" title="Grissel Jaffray">Grissel Jaffray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Hicks_(alleged_witch)" title="Mary Hicks (alleged witch)">Mary Hicks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marie_Lamont" title="Marie Lamont">Marie Lamont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beatrix_Leslie" title="Beatrix Leslie">Beatrix Leslie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euphame_MacCalzean" title="Euphame MacCalzean">Euphame MacCalzean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elspeth_McEwen" title="Elspeth McEwen">Elspeth McEwen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Violet_Mar" title="Violet Mar">Violet Mar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Napier" title="Barbara Napier">Barbara Napier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alice_Nutter_(alleged_witch)" title="Alice Nutter (alleged witch)">Alice Nutter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Pannal" title="Mary Pannal">Mary Pannal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alison_Pearson_(accused_witch)" title="Alison Pearson (accused witch)">Alison Pearson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_and_Lachlan_Rattray" title="George and Lachlan Rattray">George and Lachlan Rattray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elspeth_Reoch" title="Elspeth Reoch">Elspeth Reoch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agnes_Sampson" title="Agnes Sampson">Agnes Sampson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isobell_Shyrie" title="Isobell Shyrie">Isobell Shyrie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bessie_Stivenson" title="Bessie Stivenson">Bessie Stevenson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anna_Tait" title="Anna Tait">Anna Tait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annaple_Thomsone" title="Annaple Thomsone">Annaple Thomsone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marioun_Twedy" title="Marioun Twedy">Marioun Twedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Issobell_Young" title="Issobell Young">Issobell Young</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marion_Walker" title="Marion Walker">Marion Walker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beatrix_Watsone" title="Beatrix Watsone">Beatrix Watsone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jane_Weir" title="Jane Weir">Jane Weir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Weir" title="Thomas Weir">Major Thomas Weir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janet_Wishart" title="Janet Wishart">Janet Wishart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bessie_Wright" title="Bessie Wright">Bessie Wright</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Witch hunters and<br />Witch-prickers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Caldwell" title="Christian Caldwell">Christian Caldwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Kincaid_(witch-pricker)" title="John Kincaid (witch-pricker)">John Kincaid</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Neopagan_witchcraft" title="Neopagan witchcraft">Neopagan witchcraft</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Variants</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wicca" title="Wicca">Wicca</a>: <a href="/wiki/Alexandrian_Wicca" title="Alexandrian Wicca">Alexandrian Wicca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gardnerian_Wicca" title="Gardnerian Wicca">Gardnerian Wicca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cochrane%27s_Craft" title="Cochrane's Craft">Cochrane's Craft</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Neopagan<br />witches</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eleanor_Bone" title="Eleanor Bone">Artemis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Cardell" title="Charles Cardell">Charles Cardell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Cochrane_(witch)" title="Robert Cochrane (witch)">Robert Cochrane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edith_Woodford-Grimes" title="Edith Woodford-Grimes">Dafo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stewart_Farrar" title="Stewart Farrar">Stewart Farrar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janet_Farrar" title="Janet Farrar">Janet Farrar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerald_Gardner" title="Gerald Gardner">Gerald Gardner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederic_Lamond_(Wiccan)" title="Frederic Lamond (Wiccan)">Frederic Lamond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sybil_Leek" title="Sybil Leek">Sybil Leek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alex_Sanders_(Wiccan)" title="Alex Sanders (Wiccan)">Alex Sanders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doreen_Valiente" title="Doreen Valiente">Doreen Valiente</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cecil_Williamson" title="Cecil Williamson">Cecil Williamson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Modern<br />witchcraft</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Last_person_imprisoned_underthe_Witchcraft_Act_1735" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Last person imprisoned under<br />the <a href="/wiki/Witchcraft_Act_1735" title="Witchcraft Act 1735">Witchcraft Act 1735</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Helen_Duncan" title="Helen Duncan">Helen Duncan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Monuments<br />and museums</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Monuments</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Witches%27_Well,_Edinburgh" title="Witches' Well, Edinburgh">Witches' Well, Edinburgh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maggie_Wall" title="Maggie Wall">Maggie Wall</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Museums</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Witchcraft_and_Magic" title="Museum of Witchcraft and Magic">Museum of Witchcraft and Magic, Cornwall</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q368173#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q368173#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q368173#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000123152849">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/141032362">VIAF</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/2088985-9">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n50064303">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11931577p">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11931577p">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35189787">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=kn20060425005&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/99023860">Norway</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007262501505171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/027228150">IdRef</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hermetic_Order_of_the_Golden_Dawn&oldid=1253314662">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hermetic_Order_of_the_Golden_Dawn&oldid=1253314662</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hermetic_Order_of_the_Golden_Dawn" title="Category:Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn">Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Magical_organizations" title="Category:Magical organizations">Magical organizations</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Secret_societies_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Category:Secret societies in the United Kingdom">Secret societies in the United Kingdom</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1887_establishments_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Category:1887 establishments in the United Kingdom">1887 establishments in the United Kingdom</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1903_disestablishments_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Category:1903 disestablishments in the United Kingdom">1903 disestablishments in the United Kingdom</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_needing_page_number_citations_from_March_2022" title="Category:Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from March 2022">Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from March 2022</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_needing_page_number_citations_from_May_2024" title="Category:Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from May 2024">Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from May 2024</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_needing_page_number_citations_from_November_2022" title="Category:Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from November 2022">Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from November 2022</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_mdy_dates_from_November_2022" title="Category:Use mdy dates from November 2022">Use mdy dates from November 2022</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_shortened_footnotes_from_November_2022" title="Category:Use shortened footnotes from November 2022">Use shortened footnotes from November 2022</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Latin-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Latin-language text">Articles containing Latin-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1:_long_volume_value" title="Category:CS1: long volume value">CS1: long volume value</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_is_on_Wikidata" title="Category:Commons category link is on Wikidata">Commons category link is on Wikidata</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 25 October 2024, at 10:20<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hermetic_Order_of_the_Golden_Dawn&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-688fc9465-gdfnp","wgBackendResponseTime":164,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"1.099","walltime":"1.336","ppvisitednodes":{"value":9332,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":188488,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":13166,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":19,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":10,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":183136,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 1155.282 1 -total"," 20.38% 235.483 56 Template:Sfn"," 11.66% 134.733 34 Template:Cite_book"," 9.27% 107.048 1 Template:Langx"," 9.08% 104.954 1 Template:Short_description"," 8.62% 99.574 2 Template:Reflist"," 7.83% 90.487 8 Template:Cite_web"," 7.77% 89.741 2 Template:Sidebar_with_collapsible_lists"," 7.21% 83.278 1 Template:Golden_Dawn"," 6.71% 77.546 1 Template:Infobox_organization"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.708","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":17049251,"limit":52428800},"limitreport-logs":"anchor_id_list = table#1 {\n [\"CITEREFA.o.C.2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAnon1987\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAnon2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFArmstrongGilbert1997\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBlackmore1985\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBooth2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFChurton2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCiceroCicero1991\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCiceroCicero2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCockin2017\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFColquhoun1975\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCullingford1983\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDavis2022\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDeckerDummett2019\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDenisoff2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEllwood1993\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFitzsimons2019\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFoster1997\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGilbert\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGilbert1983\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGilbert1986\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGilbert1986b\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGilbert1998\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGreer1994\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGreerKuntz1999\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHarris1998\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHine2021\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHowe1978\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFJenkins2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKaczynski2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKing1971\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKing1989\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKing1997\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKuntz1996\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMelton2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMoyle2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPenczak2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRaine1976\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRegardie1982\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRegardie1989\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRegardie1993\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRunyon1997\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSmoley1999\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSuster1990\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSutin2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWestcottn.d.\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFYeats1927\"] = 1,\n}\ntemplate_list = table#1 {\n [\"About\"] = 1,\n [\"Annotated link\"] = 2,\n [\"Authority control\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite book\"] = 34,\n [\"Cite journal\"] = 5,\n [\"Cite web\"] = 8,\n [\"Commons category\"] = 1,\n [\"DEFAULTSORT:Hermetic Order Of The Golden Dawn\"] = 1,\n [\"Efn\"] = 4,\n [\"End date and age\"] = 1,\n [\"Further\"] = 1,\n [\"Golden Dawn\"] = 1,\n [\"Harvnb\"] = 6,\n [\"Hermeticism\"] = 1,\n [\"Indented plainlist\"] = 2,\n [\"Infobox organization\"] = 1,\n [\"Lang\"] = 2,\n [\"Langx\"] = 1,\n [\"Magic and Witchcraft in the British Isles\"] = 1,\n [\"Main\"] = 2,\n [\"Notelist\"] = 1,\n [\"Pn\"] = 3,\n [\"Refbegin\"] = 2,\n [\"Refend\"] = 2,\n [\"Reflist\"] = 1,\n [\"Section link\"] = 1,\n [\"Sfn\"] = 56,\n [\"Sfnm\"] = 8,\n [\"Short description\"] = 1,\n [\"Start date and age\"] = 1,\n [\"Use mdy dates\"] = 1,\n [\"Use shortened footnotes\"] = 1,\n [\"Wikiquote\"] = 1,\n}\narticle_whitelist = table#1 {\n}\n"},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-6b7f745dd4-q52mv","timestamp":"20241125142731","ttl":466351,"transientcontent":true}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hermetic_Order_of_the_Golden_Dawn","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q368173","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q368173","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2001-09-21T14:15:34Z","dateModified":"2024-10-25T10:20:36Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/1\/11\/Rose_Cross_Lamen.svg","headline":"magical order active in Great Britain"}</script> </body> </html>