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"https://www.academia.edu/login?post_login_redirect_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F81858207%2FYoung_Heros_The_Indonesian_Family_in_Politics_By_Saya_S_Shiraishi_Ithaca_N_Y_Cornell_Southeast_Asian_Program_Publications_1997_185_pp_16_00%3Fshow_translation%3Dtrue"; window.loswp.previewableAttachments = [{"id":87755985,"identifier":"Attachment_87755985","shouldShowBulkDownload":false}]; window.loswp.shouldDetectTimezone = true; window.loswp.shouldShowBulkDownload = true; window.loswp.showSignupCaptcha = false window.loswp.willEdgeCache = false; window.loswp.work = {"work":{"id":81858207,"created_at":"2022-06-19T20:06:26.697-07:00","from_world_paper_id":208828056,"updated_at":"2025-02-01T23:40:37.815-08:00","_data":{"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","ai_title_tag":"Political Dynasties in Indonesian Democracy","grobid_abstract":"In the post-colonial countries, a like Indonesia, a democratic political system is considered the best choice to govern. However, although Indonesia has become the third largest democracy in the world, yet still have a family politics entrenched and practiced in modern political system. In the emerging Indonesian democracies, however, family, patronage, nepotism and dynasty are also key ingredients within these politics. Some reflect generations-long traditions of political power, whilst others are generated by the opportunities presented by the democratic and electoral process itself. This paper attempts to investigate the process of the emergence of a political dynasty and how political dynasty was maintained power in Southeast Sulawesi. By using qualitative research methods, it was found that local elections as instrument for maintained and retained his power in local election, especially in Southeast Sulawesi. The victory achieved by the political families in the political contest is caused by several factors. Each political family able to maintain the loyalty of supporters, even from time to time they were able to expand the number of constituents. For a political family, they are easy to take advantage of his position with a number of manipulation and pressure. Various forms of public policy and programs manipulated as his success, intervention in selecting the electoral officer and staffs, the politicization of the bureaucracy, money politics and thuggery. The family of politicians also trying to extended their power through the assimilation process (family wedding) between politicians in a region with politicians from other regions.","publication_date":"1999,,","publication_name":"The Journal of Asian Studies","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":"87755985"},"document_type":"paper","pre_hit_view_count_baseline":null,"quality":"high","language":"en","title":"Young Heros: The Indonesian Family in Politics. By Saya S. Shiraishi. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell Southeast Asian Program Publications, 1997. 185 pp. $16.00","broadcastable":false,"draft":null,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [48230705]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "control"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; window.loginModal = {}; window.loginModal.appleClientId = 'edu.academia.applesignon'; window.userInChina = "false";</script><script defer="" src="https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client"></script><div class="ds-loswp-container"><div class="ds-work-card--grid-container"><div class="ds-work-card--container js-loswp-work-card"><div class="ds-work-card--cover"><div class="ds-work-cover--wrapper"><div class="ds-work-cover--container"><button class="ds-work-cover--clickable js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"swp-splash-paper-cover","attachmentId":87755985,"attachmentType":"pdf"}"><img alt="First page of “Young Heros: The Indonesian Family in Politics. By Saya S. Shiraishi. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell Southeast Asian Program Publications, 1997. 185 pp. $16.00”" class="ds-work-cover--cover-thumbnail" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/87755985/mini_magick20220619-15683-kxs8ca.png?1655694516" /><img alt="PDF Icon" class="ds-work-cover--file-icon" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/single_work_splash/adobe_icon.svg" /><div class="ds-work-cover--hover-container"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span><p>Download Free PDF</p></div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-container">Download Free PDF</div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-triangle"></div></button></div></div></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-information"><h1 class="ds-work-card--work-title">Young Heros: The Indonesian Family in Politics. By Saya S. Shiraishi. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell Southeast Asian Program Publications, 1997. 185 pp. $16.00</h1><div class="ds-work-card--work-authors ds-work-card--detail"><a class="ds-work-card--author js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="48230705" href="https://independent.academia.edu/RLukensBull"><img alt="Profile image of Ronald Lukens Bull" class="ds-work-card--author-avatar" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/48230705/100180014/89322540/s65_ronald.lukens_bull.png" />Ronald Lukens Bull</a></div><div class="ds-work-card--detail"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">1999, The Journal of Asian Studies</p><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata"><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">visibility</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm" id="work-metadata-view-count">…</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">description</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">8 pages</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">link</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">1 file</p></div></div><script>(async () => { const workId = 81858207; const worksViewsPath = "/v0/works/views?subdomain_param=api&work_ids%5B%5D=81858207"; const getWorkViews = async (workId) => { const response = await fetch(worksViewsPath); if (!response.ok) { throw new Error('Failed to load work views'); } const data = await response.json(); return data.views[workId]; }; // Get the view count for the work - we send this immediately rather than waiting for // the DOM to load, so it can be available as soon as possible (but without holding up // the backend or other resource requests, because it's a bit expensive and not critical). const viewCount = await getWorkViews(workId); const updateViewCount = (viewCount) => { try { const viewCountNumber = parseInt(viewCount, 10); if (viewCountNumber === 0) { // Remove the whole views element if there are zero views. document.getElementById('work-metadata-view-count')?.parentNode?.remove(); return; } const commaizedViewCount = viewCountNumber.toLocaleString(); const viewCountBody = document.getElementById('work-metadata-view-count'); if (!viewCountBody) { throw new Error('Failed to find work views element'); } viewCountBody.textContent = `${commaizedViewCount} views`; } catch (error) { // Remove the whole views element if there was some issue parsing. document.getElementById('work-metadata-view-count')?.parentNode?.remove(); throw new Error(`Failed to parse view count: ${viewCount}`, error); } }; // If the DOM is still loading, wait for it to be ready before updating the view count. if (document.readyState === "loading") { document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { updateViewCount(viewCount); }); // Otherwise, just update it immediately. } else { updateViewCount(viewCount); } })();</script></div><p class="ds-work-card--work-abstract ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-md">In the post-colonial countries, a like Indonesia, a democratic political system is considered the best choice to govern. However, although Indonesia has become the third largest democracy in the world, yet still have a family politics entrenched and practiced in modern political system. In the emerging Indonesian democracies, however, family, patronage, nepotism and dynasty are also key ingredients within these politics. Some reflect generations-long traditions of political power, whilst others are generated by the opportunities presented by the democratic and electoral process itself. This paper attempts to investigate the process of the emergence of a political dynasty and how political dynasty was maintained power in Southeast Sulawesi. By using qualitative research methods, it was found that local elections as instrument for maintained and retained his power in local election, especially in Southeast Sulawesi. The victory achieved by the political families in the political contest is caused by several factors. Each political family able to maintain the loyalty of supporters, even from time to time they were able to expand the number of constituents. For a political family, they are easy to take advantage of his position with a number of manipulation and pressure. Various forms of public policy and programs manipulated as his success, intervention in selecting the electoral officer and staffs, the politicization of the bureaucracy, money politics and thuggery. The family of politicians also trying to extended their power through the assimilation process (family wedding) between politicians in a region with politicians from other regions.</p><div class="ds-work-card--button-container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--work-card","attachmentId":87755985,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/81858207/Young_Heros_The_Indonesian_Family_in_Politics_By_Saya_S_Shiraishi_Ithaca_N_Y_Cornell_Southeast_Asian_Program_Publications_1997_185_pp_16_00"}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--work-card","attachmentId":87755985,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/81858207/Young_Heros_The_Indonesian_Family_in_Politics_By_Saya_S_Shiraishi_Ithaca_N_Y_Cornell_Southeast_Asian_Program_Publications_1997_185_pp_16_00"}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-trigger-container"><div class="ds-signup-banner-trigger ds-signup-banner-trigger-control"></div></div><div class="ds-signup-banner ds-signup-banner-control"><div id="ds-signup-banner-close-button"><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary ds2-5-button--inverse"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">close</span></button></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-ctas"><img src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/academia-logo-capital-white.svg" /><h4 class="ds2-5-heading-serif-sm">Sign up for access to the world's latest research</h4><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--inverse ds2-5-button--full-width js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"signup-banner"}">Sign up for free<span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">arrow_forward</span></button></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-divider"></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons"><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Get notified about relevant papers</span></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Save papers to use in your research</span></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Join the discussion with peers</span></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Track your impact</span></div></div></div><script>(() => { // Set up signup banner show/hide behavior: // 1. 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However, although Indonesia has become the third largest democracy in the world, yet still have a family politics entrenched and practiced in modern political system. In the emerging Indonesian democracies, however, family, patronage, nepotism and dynasty are also key ingredients within these politics. Some reflect generations-long traditions of political power, whilst others are generated by the opportunities presented by the democratic and electoral process itself. This paper attempts to investigate the process of the emergence of a political dynasty and how political dynasty was maintained power in Southeast Sulawesi. By using qualitative research methods, it was found that local elections as instrument for maintained and retained his power in local election, especially in Southeast Sulawesi. The victory achieved by the political families in the political conte...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Filipinazion of Indonesian Politics: Politics of Family Formation in Southeast Sulawesi","attachmentId":78532458,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/67844087/Filipinazion_of_Indonesian_Politics_Politics_of_Family_Formation_in_Southeast_Sulawesi","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/67844087/Filipinazion_of_Indonesian_Politics_Politics_of_Family_Formation_in_Southeast_Sulawesi"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="1" data-entity-id="91405954" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/91405954/Is_There_a_Political_Dynasty_in_The_Head_Village_Election_with_Family_Ties_Candidates_A_Case_Study_in_Pliken_Village_Banyumas">Is There a Political Dynasty in The Head Village Election with Family Ties Candidates?: A Case Study in Pliken Village Banyumas</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="124633704" href="https://independent.academia.edu/WidyastutiTriRini">Tri Rini Widyastuti</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Komunitas</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">This paper is about the rise of political dynasties in Indonesia. This phenomenon has become increasingly public attention since the nomination of President Joko Widodo’s son and son-in-law in the regional election in Solo and Medan. The village that has been considered far from the hustle and bustle of national politics also shows a similar phenomenon, namely the emergence of candidates for village head (kepala desa/kades) who are still related to family (pilkades sedarah).[1] But is pilkades sedarah a reflection of the existence of the political dynasty? This paper examines the village head election in Pliken Village, Banyumas Regency, which presents a married couple as village head candidates, using a qualitative approach. Collecting data through in-depth interviews, FGDs, observation, and documentation. The result of the study shows that the emergence of pilkades sedarah is not due to the existence of a political dynasty, but rather as pragmatic and rational reasons. Proposing a...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Is There a Political Dynasty in The Head Village Election with Family Ties Candidates?: A Case Study in Pliken Village Banyumas","attachmentId":94702850,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/91405954/Is_There_a_Political_Dynasty_in_The_Head_Village_Election_with_Family_Ties_Candidates_A_Case_Study_in_Pliken_Village_Banyumas","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/91405954/Is_There_a_Political_Dynasty_in_The_Head_Village_Election_with_Family_Ties_Candidates_A_Case_Study_in_Pliken_Village_Banyumas"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="2" data-entity-id="76542618" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/76542618/Political_Dynasty_in_Badunsanak_Regional_Election_in_West_Sumatra_Indonesia">Political Dynasty in Badunsanak Regional Election in West Sumatra, Indonesia</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="34171275" href="https://iainimambonjolpadang.academia.edu/AbdullahKhusairi">Abdullah Khusairi</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">https://www.ijhssi.org/vol10-issue5.html, 2021</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The diversity of cultures that Indonesia has as a unitary state has a variety of democratic systems based on distinctive local cultures. This study is important in re-reading Indonesia's democratic system today, in an effort to restore state governance in accordance with the spirit of the Indonesian nation as stated in the 1945 Constitution. Data collection was carried out by observing political dynamics in the 2020 West Sumatra simultaneous regional elections, which were reported by the mass media. , online media, social media, and interviews. This research finds that, first, the existence of society as citizens of the nation will be obtained if the democratic system and political practice are based on the strength of the cultural capital of society within the framework of diversity and diversity. Second, democracy based on cultural strength will give birth to a strong government. Third, local democracy must be guarded, cared for, and protected by the state, in an effort to strengthen people's sovereignty which is rooted in local political culture, in order to be able to withstand the blows of global liberalism and capitalism.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Political Dynasty in Badunsanak Regional Election in West Sumatra, Indonesia","attachmentId":84219102,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/76542618/Political_Dynasty_in_Badunsanak_Regional_Election_in_West_Sumatra_Indonesia","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/76542618/Political_Dynasty_in_Badunsanak_Regional_Election_in_West_Sumatra_Indonesia"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="3" data-entity-id="64806071" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/64806071/Dynasty_of_Politics_and_Functions_of_Political_Parties_Study_of_Indonesian_Regional_Head_Election_Pilkada_in_2020">Dynasty of Politics and Functions of Political Parties (Study of Indonesian Regional Head Election (Pilkada) in 2020</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="7193801" href="https://independent.academia.edu/septiadiseptiadi">septiadi Septiadi</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2021</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The paper is written using quantitative methods by describing the development of political dynasties in Indonesia, especially in the 2020 regional elections as well as the functions of political parties in Indonesia. The election of the regional head becomes a constitutionally valid effort in replacing the regional head. Regional heads who are contesting the regional elections (regional elections) in 2020 are inseparable from the role of political parties. One of the functions of political parties, namely conducting political recruitment to fill regional heads and presidents. The hypothesis that political dynasties become present when the functions of political parties weaken, including regeneration and political recruitment. To corroborate the hypothesis, the author uses the theory of political parties.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Dynasty of Politics and Functions of Political Parties (Study of Indonesian Regional Head Election (Pilkada) in 2020","attachmentId":76668018,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/64806071/Dynasty_of_Politics_and_Functions_of_Political_Parties_Study_of_Indonesian_Regional_Head_Election_Pilkada_in_2020","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/64806071/Dynasty_of_Politics_and_Functions_of_Political_Parties_Study_of_Indonesian_Regional_Head_Election_Pilkada_in_2020"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="4" data-entity-id="105270300" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/105270300/Political_Kinship_Networking_in_Bantanese_Local_Election">Political Kinship Networking in Bantanese Local Election</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="7619565" href="https://umy.academia.edu/tunjungsulaksono">tunjung sulaksono</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Proceedings of the 1st Aceh Global Conference (AGC 2018), 2019</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The phenomenon of the proliferation of political practices of kinship networking in Indonesia in the reform era has attracted the authors to conduct the research. It, theoretically, has the potential to endanger democracy due to the different treatment for competing political actors' opportunities, as well as undermine the party's internal mechanisms in recruiting candidates for public officials. The location of this research is Banten Province, where the phenomenon of kinship is very massive happened. The aims of the research are to explore: (1) the history of political dynastic involvement in Local Elections, (2) the factors drive the political dynasty actors to enter the political sphere; (3) the background of the political dynasties involved in the Local Election; (4) the function of political party recruitment in the Local Election, and (5) the instruments are utilized by political dynasty's candidates in the Local Election. The type of research is qualitative, using FGD, interview, and documentation study for collecting data, which will be analyzed using the triangulation method. The results show that democratization and decentralization policy have been the key point for the actors of political kinship network to involve. In addition, The mastery of the economic base became the main driver of the dynastic political actors, so that most of the actors were entrepreneurs. Meanwhile the functions of the party in recruitment are ineffective. Finally, the instruments frequently used by the political kinship network actors are money politics, kinship networks, and the use of mass organizations as a means of voters mobilization Keywords-political kinship network; local election; Banten I. INTRODUCTION Elections are often positioned as the main precondition of democracy due to its close relationship. Obviously, there is no democratic country that does not run elections on a regular basis. Elections become links that help to realize the idea of Government of the people, by the people and for the people as the normative meaning of democracy. Not just as an arena to express the freedom of the people in electing their leaders, elections are also a mechanism to appreciate the performance of leaders. Through elections, voters are able to assess whether the elected government and or elected representative institutions will be deserved to be re-elected or even need to be replaced due to their lack of capacity to execute the mandate of the people. No wonder if elections occupy a central position in a democratic order. Unfortunately, in many consolidating democracies elections are often hijacked and used as instruments of personal and/or group interests. One of the phenomena that is often considered to plow democracy is the existence of dynastic politics or kinship network. If the former pure political dynasty depended particularly on the status of nobility and politics, then the recent political dynasty plays over the arena of democracy. It proved that the dynasty was able to fight in any political weather. Political dynasty actors will continue to play in any political system because their glue is access to state resources. Dynasties can live in both authoritarian and democratic systems (Muhtadi, 2013). Many political dynasties and kinship networks in Indonesia use the election to rule, as is the case in Banten and South Sulawesi. The facts above show that the political network of kinship will not be destroyed only because of legal regulation. Sociological and historical factors become important, especially since there will be other networks ready to replace the dynastic outcast. One thing that can guarantee a fair competition in politics (or business) is if the bureaucracy that guards the political selection process (or economy) is professional, transparent and accountable (Vishnu, 2013). Pablo Querubin (2011: 2) defines the political dynasty as' a form of long elite mastery when a family or some monopolizes political power. Instead, he linked political dynasties in the Philippines in the framework of democracy, and so he criticized the policy of job restrictions that still had a gap for the political dynasty to remain in power. Querubin also attributed the continuity of political dynasties in the Philippines to the effects of incumbency. Various politically motivated killings in the Philippines witness how the political dynasty used various means to perpetuate its power by utilizing the existence of elections. Family descendants of politicians generally believe that public office is a birthright and is inherited (Tuazon, 2013). But in many countries, the political dynasty is legalized through the election process.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Political Kinship Networking in Bantanese Local Election","attachmentId":104770611,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/105270300/Political_Kinship_Networking_in_Bantanese_Local_Election","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/105270300/Political_Kinship_Networking_in_Bantanese_Local_Election"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="123782202" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/123782202/Family_Politics_in_the_Recruitment_Process_of_Legislative_Candidates_in_the_2024_Elections_A_Case_Study_of_the_Indonesian_Unity_Party_Perindo_">Family Politics in the Recruitment Process of Legislative Candidates in the 2024 Elections: A Case Study of the Indonesian Unity Party (Perindo)</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="306855647" href="https://independent.academia.edu/DindaSyufradianPutraSSosMSi">Dinda Syufradian Putra, S.Sos., M.Si.</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Aristo/Arist0, 2023</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">This research aims to explain the political recruitment process of the Perindo Party in endorsing legislative candidates with the family backgrounds of its general chairman. This research uses a qualitative method with a case study approach. The results showed that the Perindo Party normatively implemented a more innovative political recruitment process for the 2024 legislative elections by involving public participation and technology. However, in this idealized process, a phenomenon of family politics occurs. The family of the chairman of the Perindo Party did not go through the entire recruitment process because they have strong ties to the party elite who have decision-making power. The chairman's family jumped straight to the nomination stage to be nominated by the Perindo Party. The mechanism is also directly through appointment rather than e-voting as cadres and the general public must go through the title of the people's convention. Therefore, the political recruitment of the Perindo party for the 2024 legislative elections has a gap in the process for the chairman's family because it does not apply the principles of openness and fairness. This has implications for the lousy party institutionalization trend in political recruitment.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Family Politics in the Recruitment Process of Legislative Candidates in the 2024 Elections: A Case Study of the Indonesian Unity Party (Perindo)","attachmentId":118134414,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/123782202/Family_Politics_in_the_Recruitment_Process_of_Legislative_Candidates_in_the_2024_Elections_A_Case_Study_of_the_Indonesian_Unity_Party_Perindo_","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/123782202/Family_Politics_in_the_Recruitment_Process_of_Legislative_Candidates_in_the_2024_Elections_A_Case_Study_of_the_Indonesian_Unity_Party_Perindo_"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="6900526" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/6900526/Political_Dynasties_and_The_Emergence_of_Local_Oligarchs_in_Indonesia_and_The_Philippines">Political Dynasties and The Emergence of Local Oligarchs in Indonesia and The Philippines</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="4249268" href="https://nyu.academia.edu/NajmuLaila">Najmu Laila</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2013</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">This paper analyzes the relationship between local oligarchs and the emergence of political dynasties in Indonesia and the Philippines. In particular, this paper employs an oligarchic theory to examine political behavior of local oligarchs in Banten, Indonesia and compare it with the case of the Philippines. Sets of literature argue that political dynasties in Indonesia are less prevalent than in the Philippines. In addition, unlike in the Philippines, the use of coercive power to gain political power is considered uncommon in Indonesia. However, recent developments show a salient trend of the emergence of family dynasties and the increasing use of violence undermining Indonesia’s democracy.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Political Dynasties and The Emergence of Local Oligarchs in Indonesia and The Philippines","attachmentId":33580774,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/6900526/Political_Dynasties_and_The_Emergence_of_Local_Oligarchs_in_Indonesia_and_The_Philippines","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/6900526/Political_Dynasties_and_The_Emergence_of_Local_Oligarchs_in_Indonesia_and_The_Philippines"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="98429782" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/98429782/The_Third_Wave_Democratization_Local_Strongmen_Political_Dynasty_Phenomenon_Case_study_Aquino_Family_in_Philippines_and_Zukifli_Nurdin_Family_in_Jambi_Indonesia">The Third Wave Democratization: Local Strongmen Political Dynasty Phenomenon Case study: Aquino Family in Philippines and Zukifli Nurdin Family in Jambi, Indonesia</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="221246359" href="https://independent.academia.edu/PutriOktaviani267">Putri Oktaviani</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Social and Political Sciences (ICSPS 2017), 2018</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Democracy is a form of government in which all citizens have equal rights in decision-making. According to Huntington, there are three waves of democracy growing in the world. This study discusses one of them, namely the Third Wave Democracy. The third wave democracy usually occurs in countries with procedural democracies like some countries in Asia. This research examines how the practice of the third wave democracy, especially in the case of political dynasties of the local strongmen in the Philippines and Indonesia. As the case study, this work observes the Aquino's family in the Philippines and Zulkifli Nurdin's family in Indonesia.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The Third Wave Democratization: Local Strongmen Political Dynasty Phenomenon Case study: Aquino Family in Philippines and Zukifli Nurdin Family in Jambi, Indonesia","attachmentId":99783329,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/98429782/The_Third_Wave_Democratization_Local_Strongmen_Political_Dynasty_Phenomenon_Case_study_Aquino_Family_in_Philippines_and_Zukifli_Nurdin_Family_in_Jambi_Indonesia","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/98429782/The_Third_Wave_Democratization_Local_Strongmen_Political_Dynasty_Phenomenon_Case_study_Aquino_Family_in_Philippines_and_Zukifli_Nurdin_Family_in_Jambi_Indonesia"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="83847289" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/83847289/Indonesia_and_the_Philippines_political_dynasties_in_democratic_states">Indonesia and the Philippines : political dynasties in democratic states</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="106439746" href="https://independent.academia.edu/JuliusTrajanoII">Julius Trajano II</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2013</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The growth of political dynasties poses a serious challenge to the democratic consolidation in the Philippines and Indonesia. However, the needed reforms to prevent political dynasties from monopolising electoral politics in both democracies remain elusive. Commentary Indonesia and the Philippines, the biggest democracies in Southeast Asia, have been facing a significant threat to the vibrancy of their respective political system, i.e., the rise of political dynasties. The Philippines' Supreme Court has recently dismissed a petition compelling the Commission of Elections to ban members of the political dynasties from running in the May 2013 mid-term elections, due to the absence of an anti-political dynasty law required by the Philippine Constitution. Meanwhile, Indonesia's Ministry of Home Affairs has proposed an anti-political dynasty clause in the new Regional Elections Bill, forbidding direct succession of governors, district heads and mayors by their family members. Crucial to this issue of political dynasties in liberal democracies is how to prevent them from monopolising electoral politics.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Indonesia and the Philippines : political dynasties in democratic states","attachmentId":89062440,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/83847289/Indonesia_and_the_Philippines_political_dynasties_in_democratic_states","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/83847289/Indonesia_and_the_Philippines_political_dynasties_in_democratic_states"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="111082068" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/111082068/Electoral_Dynamics_in_Indonesia_Money_Politics_Patronage_and_Clientelism_at_the_Grassroots">Electoral Dynamics in Indonesia: Money Politics, Patronage and Clientelism at the Grassroots</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="3447571" href="https://anu-au.academia.edu/EdwardAspinall">Edward Aspinall</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Contemporary Southeast Asia: A Journal of International and Strategic Affairs, 2016</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Press. 472 pages. ISBN-13: 978-9814722049. Paperback, $34.00. Edward Aspinall and Mada Sukmajati (eds.). 2016. "Unity in diversity" "from Sabang to Merauke"-if the two slogans that represent Indonesia's heterogeneity and geographical reach have become clich es, forgive me for combining the two to describe the fascinating edited volume Electoral Dynamics in Indonesia: Money Politics, Patronage and Clientism at the Grassroots by Edward Aspinall and Mada Sukmajati. The volume certainly comes very close to covering Indonesia's geographic expanse, although Eastern Indonesia gets short shrift as Sumatra and Java comprise the bulk of the cases, but the first slogan is certainly manifest in Electoral Dynamics. It is an exploration of two aspects of patronage in the Indonesian electoral system-the diversity of its implementation throughout the archipelago as well as its "unity," so to speak, in its persistence among victors and losers alike. Toward this end, several research teams examined 22 legislative elections in 2014 with an eye to studying patron-client ties. After a description of the volume's research goals and a discussion of the Indonesian party system, varieties of patronage and descriptions of mobilization networks, the case studies begin. Since the onset of democratization and the messiness that comes with it, Indonesian voters have many different parties to choose from (although among these parties there is little ideological diversity) and many opportunities for patronage windfalls at election time. "Success teams" are tasked with distributing patronage, and, as the book points out, voters are savvy enough to occasionally take the goods or benefit from broader patronage programs such as assistance to sports clubs and other community projects, or promises of development, without delivering a vote-in short, free riding. At the same time, authors argue that cultural norms of reciprocity or obligation may factor into a party's success as it is bolstered by kinship or ethnic relations, a common village heritage, or religious ties. Mostly absent from the analysis are connections to structural, institutional, or cultural approaches to the study of democracy and democratization. Francis Fukuyama receives a nod in the discussion of culture, but the examples are predominantly straightforward narratives of the campaigns and results. The volume, nevertheless, provides ample case studies for others to dissect, with an eye on these theoretical approaches. Lest one think that Indonesian politics is simply about delivering cash, goods or other benefits to (potential) constituents, the volume describes the strategies</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Electoral Dynamics in Indonesia: Money Politics, Patronage and Clientelism at the Grassroots","attachmentId":108697943,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/111082068/Electoral_Dynamics_in_Indonesia_Money_Politics_Patronage_and_Clientelism_at_the_Grassroots","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/111082068/Electoral_Dynamics_in_Indonesia_Money_Politics_Patronage_and_Clientelism_at_the_Grassroots"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--wrapper js-loswp-sticky-ctas hidden"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--grid-container"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":87755985,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":87755985,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div><div class="ds-below-fold--grid-container"><div class="ds-work--container js-loswp-embedded-document"><div class="attachment_preview" data-attachment="Attachment_87755985" style="display: none"><div class="js-scribd-document-container"><div class="scribd--document-loading js-scribd-document-loader" style="display: block;"><img alt="Loading..." src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/loaders/paper-load.gif" /><p>Loading Preview</p></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="scribd--no-preview-alert js-preview-unavailable"><p>Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. 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