CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="it" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Adam Michnik - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )itwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":[",\t."," \t,"],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""], "wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy","wgMonthNames":["","gennaio","febbraio","marzo","aprile","maggio","giugno","luglio","agosto","settembre","ottobre","novembre","dicembre"],"wgRequestId":"558e120c-5fcc-4147-b6e4-624a54490457","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Adam_Michnik","wgTitle":"Adam Michnik","wgCurRevisionId":135506004,"wgRevisionId":135506004,"wgArticleId":2185579,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Persone viventi","BioBot","Collegamento interprogetto a Wikimedia Commons presente ma assente su Wikidata","P3762 letta da Wikidata","P648 letta da Wikidata","Voci con codice VIAF","Voci con codice ISNI","Voci con codice SBN (nomi)","Voci con codice LCCN","Voci con codice GND","Voci con codice BNE","Voci con codice BNF","Voci con codice J9U","Voci con codice NSK","Voci con codice NDL","Voci con codice CONOR.SI", "Voci biografiche con codici di controllo di autorità","Saggisti polacchi","Editori polacchi","Politici polacchi del XX secolo","Politici polacchi del XXI secolo","Saggisti del XX secolo","Saggisti del XXI secolo","Nati nel 1946","Nati il 17 ottobre","Nati a Varsavia","Anticomunisti polacchi","Direttori di periodici","Dissidenti polacchi","Parlamentari polacchi","World Press Freedom Heroes","Vincitori del Premio Erasmo"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"it","wgPageContentLanguage":"it","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Adam_Michnik","wgRelevantArticleId":2185579,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"it","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"it"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist": true,"tagline":true,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":6000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q163714","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.gadget.coloriDarkMode-default":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready", "skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.MainPageWikiList","ext.gadget.stru-commonsupload","ext.gadget.HiddenCat","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.TitoloErrato","ext.gadget.NewSection","ext.gadget.RichiediRevisioneBozza","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns", "ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=it&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=it&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=it&modules=ext.gadget.coloriDarkMode-default&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=it&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/AdamMichnik01Mar2006.jpg/1200px-AdamMichnik01Mar2006.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1327"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/AdamMichnik01Mar2006.jpg/800px-AdamMichnik01Mar2006.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="885"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/AdamMichnik01Mar2006.jpg/640px-AdamMichnik01Mar2006.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="708"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Adam Michnik - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//it.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adam_Michnik"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Modifica" href="/w/index.php?title=Adam_Michnik&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (it)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//it.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adam_Michnik"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.it"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Feed Atom di Wikipedia" href="/w/index.php?title=Speciale:UltimeModifiche&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Adam_Michnik rootpage-Adam_Michnik skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Vai al contenuto</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Sito"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Menu principale" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Menu principale</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Menu principale</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">sposta nella barra laterale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">nascondi</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigazione </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Pagina_principale" title="Visita la pagina principale [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Pagina principale</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciale:UltimeModifiche" title="Elenco delle ultime modifiche del sito [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Ultime modifiche</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciale:PaginaCasuale" title="Mostra una pagina a caso [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Una voce a caso</span></a></li><li id="n-nearby-pages-title" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciale:NelleVicinanze"><span>Nelle vicinanze</span></a></li><li id="n-vetrina" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Vetrina"><span>Vetrina</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Aiuto:Aiuto" title="Pagine di aiuto"><span>Aiuto</span></a></li><li id="n-Sportello-informazioni" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Aiuto:Sportello_informazioni"><span>Sportello informazioni</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Comunità" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Comunità" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Comunità </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portale:Comunit%C3%A0" title="Descrizione del progetto, cosa puoi fare, dove trovare le cose"><span>Portale Comunità</span></a></li><li id="n-villagepump" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bar"><span>Bar</span></a></li><li id="n-wikipediano" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikipediano"><span>Il Wikipediano</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contatti"><span>Contatti</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Pagina_principale" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="L'enciclopedia libera" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-it.svg" width="120" height="13" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Speciale:Ricerca" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Cerca in Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Ricerca</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Cerca in Wikipedia" aria-label="Cerca in Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Cerca in Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Speciale:Ricerca"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Ricerca</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Strumenti personali"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aspetto"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Modifica la dimensione, la larghezza e il colore del testo" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Aspetto" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Aspetto</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_it.wikipedia.org&uselang=it" class=""><span>Fai una donazione</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Speciale:CreaUtenza&returnto=Adam+Michnik" title="Si consiglia di registrarsi e di effettuare l'accesso, anche se non è obbligatorio" class=""><span>registrati</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Speciale:Entra&returnto=Adam+Michnik" title="Si consiglia di effettuare l'accesso, anche se non è obbligatorio [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>entra</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Altre opzioni" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Strumenti personali" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Strumenti personali</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Menu utente" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_it.wikipedia.org&uselang=it"><span>Fai una donazione</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciale:CreaUtenza&returnto=Adam+Michnik" title="Si consiglia di registrarsi e di effettuare l'accesso, anche se non è obbligatorio"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>registrati</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciale:Entra&returnto=Adam+Michnik" title="Si consiglia di effettuare l'accesso, anche se non è obbligatorio [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>entra</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pagine per utenti anonimi <a href="/wiki/Aiuto:Benvenuto" aria-label="Ulteriori informazioni sulla contribuzione"><span>ulteriori informazioni</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciale:MieiContributi" title="Un elenco delle modifiche fatte da questo indirizzo IP [y]" accesskey="y"><span>contributi</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciale:MieDiscussioni" title="Discussioni sulle modifiche fatte da questo indirizzo IP [n]" accesskey="n"><span>discussioni</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Sito"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Indice" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Indice</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">sposta nella barra laterale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">nascondi</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inizio</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Biografia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Biografia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Biografia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Biografia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Opere" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Opere"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Opere</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Opere-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Attiva/disattiva la sottosezione Opere</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Opere-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Opere_tradotte_in_italiano" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Opere_tradotte_in_italiano"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Opere tradotte in italiano</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Opere_tradotte_in_italiano-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Onorificenze" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Onorificenze"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Onorificenze</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Onorificenze-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Attiva/disattiva la sottosezione Onorificenze</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Onorificenze-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Onorificenze_polacche" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Onorificenze_polacche"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Onorificenze polacche</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Onorificenze_polacche-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Onorificenze_straniere" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Onorificenze_straniere"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Onorificenze straniere</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Onorificenze_straniere-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Note" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Note"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Note</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Note-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Altri_progetti" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Altri_progetti"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Altri progetti</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Altri_progetti-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Collegamenti_esterni" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Collegamenti_esterni"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Collegamenti esterni</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Collegamenti_esterni-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Indice" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Mostra/Nascondi l'indice" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Mostra/Nascondi l'indice</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Adam Michnik</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Vai a una voce in un'altra lingua. Disponibile in 28 lingue" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-28" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">28 lingue</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%AF%D9%85_%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%B4%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%83" title="آدم ميشنيك - arabo" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="آدم ميشنيك" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%85_%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%AA%D8%B4%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%83" title="ادم ميتشنيك - arabo egiziano" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ادم ميتشنيك" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="arabo egiziano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adam_Michnik" title="Adam Michnik - asturiano" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Adam Michnik" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC_%D0%9C%D1%96%D1%85%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA" title="Адам Міхнік - bielorusso" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Адам Міхнік" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bielorusso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC_%D0%9C%D1%96%D1%85%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA" title="Адам Міхнік - Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Адам Міхнік" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Адам Михник - bulgaro" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Адам Михник" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adam_Michnik" title="Adam Michnik - catalano" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Adam Michnik" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adam_Michnik" title="Adam Michnik - ceco" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Adam Michnik" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="ceco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adam_Michnik" title="Adam Michnik - danese" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Adam Michnik" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adam_Michnik" title="Adam Michnik - tedesco" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Adam Michnik" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tedesco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adam_Michnik" title="Adam Michnik - inglese" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Adam Michnik" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adam_Michnik" title="Adam Michnik - esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Adam Michnik" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adam_Michnik" title="Adam Michnik - spagnolo" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Adam Michnik" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adam_Michnik" title="Adam Michnik - estone" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Adam Michnik" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adam_Michnik" title="Adam Michnik - basco" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Adam Michnik" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%85_%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%AE%D9%86%DB%8C%DA%A9" title="آدام میخنیک - persiano" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="آدام میخنیک" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adam_Michnik" title="Adam Michnik - francese" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Adam Michnik" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adam_Michnik" title="Adam Michnik - ungherese" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Adam Michnik" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungherese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adam_Michnik" title="Adam Michnik - lituano" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Adam Michnik" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adam_Michnik" title="Adam Michnik - olandese" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Adam Michnik" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="olandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adam_Michnik" title="Adam Michnik - polacco" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Adam Michnik" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polacco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adam_Michnik" title="Adam Michnik - rumeno" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Adam Michnik" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA,_%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Михник, Адам - russo" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Михник, Адам" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adam_Michnik" title="Adam Michnik - slovacco" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Adam Michnik" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovacco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adam_Michnik" title="Adam Michnik - svedese" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Adam Michnik" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="svedese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adam_Michnik" title="Adam Michnik - turco" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Adam Michnik" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC_%D0%9C%D1%96%D1%85%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA" title="Адам Міхнік - ucraino" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Адам Міхнік" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E5%BD%93%C2%B7%E7%B1%B3%E5%A5%87%E5%B0%BC%E5%85%8B" title="亚当·米奇尼克 - cinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="亚当·米奇尼克" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="cinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q163714#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifica collegamenti interlinguistici" class="wbc-editpage">Modifica collegamenti</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespace"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Adam_Michnik" title="Vedi la voce [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Voce</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Discussione:Adam_Michnik" rel="discussion" title="Vedi le discussioni relative a questa pagina [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Discussione</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Cambia versione linguistica" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">italiano</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Visite"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Adam_Michnik"><span>Leggi</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Adam_Michnik&veaction=edit" title="Modifica questa pagina [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Modifica</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Adam_Michnik&action=edit" title="Modifica il wikitesto di questa pagina [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifica wikitesto</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Adam_Michnik&action=history" title="Versioni precedenti di questa pagina [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Cronologia</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Strumenti pagine"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Strumenti" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Strumenti</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Strumenti</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">sposta nella barra laterale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">nascondi</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Altre opzioni" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Azioni </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Adam_Michnik"><span>Leggi</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Adam_Michnik&veaction=edit" title="Modifica questa pagina [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Modifica</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Adam_Michnik&action=edit" title="Modifica il wikitesto di questa pagina [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifica wikitesto</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Adam_Michnik&action=history"><span>Cronologia</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Generale </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciale:PuntanoQui/Adam_Michnik" title="Elenco di tutte le pagine che sono collegate a questa [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Puntano qui</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciale:ModificheCorrelate/Adam_Michnik" rel="nofollow" title="Elenco delle ultime modifiche alle pagine collegate a questa [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Modifiche correlate</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciale:PagineSpeciali" title="Elenco di tutte le pagine speciali [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Pagine speciali</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Adam_Michnik&oldid=135506004" title="Collegamento permanente a questa versione di questa pagina"><span>Link permanente</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Adam_Michnik&action=info" title="Ulteriori informazioni su questa pagina"><span>Informazioni pagina</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciale:Cita&page=Adam_Michnik&id=135506004&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informazioni su come citare questa pagina"><span>Cita questa voce</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciale:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fit.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FAdam_Michnik"><span>Ottieni URL breve</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciale:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fit.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FAdam_Michnik"><span>Scarica codice QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Stampa/esporta </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciale:Libro&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Adam+Michnik"><span>Crea un libro</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciale:DownloadAsPdf&page=Adam_Michnik&action=show-download-screen"><span>Scarica come PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Adam_Michnik&printable=yes" title="Versione stampabile di questa pagina [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Versione stampabile</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In altri progetti </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Adam_Michnik" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikiquote mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikiquote.org/wiki/Adam_Michnik" hreflang="it"><span>Wikiquote</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q163714" title="Collegamento all'elemento connesso dell'archivio dati [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Elemento Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Strumenti pagine"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aspetto"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Aspetto</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">sposta nella barra laterale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">nascondi</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Da Wikipedia, l'enciclopedia libera.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="it" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:AdamMichnik01Mar2006.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/AdamMichnik01Mar2006.jpg/220px-AdamMichnik01Mar2006.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="243" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/AdamMichnik01Mar2006.jpg/330px-AdamMichnik01Mar2006.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/AdamMichnik01Mar2006.jpg/440px-AdamMichnik01Mar2006.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1296" data-file-height="1433" /></a><figcaption>Adam Michnik nel 2006</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Adam Michnik</b> (<a href="/wiki/Varsavia" title="Varsavia">Varsavia</a>, <a href="/wiki/17_ottobre" title="17 ottobre">17 ottobre</a> <a href="/wiki/1946" title="1946">1946</a>) è un <a href="/wiki/Saggio" title="Saggio">saggista</a>, <a href="/wiki/Editoria" title="Editoria">editore</a> e <a href="/wiki/Politico" title="Politico">politico</a> <a href="/wiki/Polonia" title="Polonia">polacco</a> fondatore e direttore del <a href="/wiki/Quotidiano" title="Quotidiano">quotidiano</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Gazeta_Wyborcza" title="Gazeta Wyborcza">Gazeta Wyborcza</a></i> e convinto <a href="/wiki/Attivismo_politico" class="mw-redirect" title="Attivismo politico">attivista</a> <a href="/wiki/Anticomunismo" title="Anticomunismo">anti-comunista</a> e anti-<a href="/wiki/Totalitarismo" title="Totalitarismo">totalitarista</a>. Autore noto in quasi tutta <a href="/wiki/Europa" title="Europa">Europa</a>, le sue opere sono tradotte in <a href="/wiki/Lingua_inglese" title="Lingua inglese">inglese</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lingua_tedesca" title="Lingua tedesca">tedesco</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lingua_francese" title="Lingua francese">francese</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lingua_svedese" title="Lingua svedese">svedese</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lingua_spagnola" title="Lingua spagnola">spagnolo</a> e <a href="/wiki/Lingua_italiana" title="Lingua italiana">italiano</a>. Ha vinto il <a href="/wiki/Premio_Erasmo" title="Premio Erasmo">Premio Erasmo</a> nel <a href="/wiki/2001" title="2001">2001</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biografia">Biografia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Adam_Michnik&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifica la sezione Biografia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Adam_Michnik&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Biografia"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Figlio di un certo Ozjasz Szechter, segretario del <a href="/wiki/Partito_Comunista" class="mw-redirect" title="Partito Comunista">Partito Comunista</a> dell'<a href="/wiki/Ucraina" title="Ucraina">Ucraina</a> occidentale (Коммунистическая партия Западной Украины), è stato uno dei principali responsabili dell'opposizione al <a href="/wiki/Totalitarismo" title="Totalitarismo">totalitarismo</a> del <a href="/wiki/Partito_Operaio_Unificato_Polacco" title="Partito Operaio Unificato Polacco">Partito Operaio Unificato Polacco</a> (PZPR) sin dagli studi universitari, fatti a <a href="/wiki/Varsavia" title="Varsavia">Varsavia</a>. Studioso di <a href="/wiki/Storia" title="Storia">storia</a>, per le sue idee <a href="/wiki/Democrazia" title="Democrazia">democratiche</a> filo-<a href="/wiki/Statunitensi" title="Statunitensi">statunitensi</a> fu sospeso dall'università e, cosa ben più grave, imprigionato nel <a href="/wiki/1968" title="1968">1968</a>, all'età di ventidue anni. </p><p>Nel <a href="/wiki/1976" title="1976">1976</a> fu, assieme a <a href="/wiki/Jacek_Kuro%C5%84" title="Jacek Kuroń">Jacek Kuroń</a>, fondatore del <a href="/wiki/Comitato_di_Difesa_degli_Operai" class="mw-redirect" title="Comitato di Difesa degli Operai">Comitato di Difesa degli Operai</a> (KOR) e promotore dell'<a href="/w/index.php?title=Organizzazione_dei_Corsi_Scientifici&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Organizzazione dei Corsi Scientifici (la pagina non esiste)">Organizzazione dei Corsi Scientifici</a> (TKN), per un insegnamento indipendente dall'oppressione del potere. Fu anche autore di opere stampate clandestinamente, poiché non ben viste dalla <a href="/wiki/Censura" title="Censura">censura</a> nazionale e membro della più grande <a href="/wiki/Casa_editrice" title="Casa editrice">casa editrice</a> clandestina in <a href="/wiki/Polonia" title="Polonia">Polonia</a>, la NOWa. A partire dal <a href="/wiki/1980" title="1980">1980</a> sostenne l'attività del <a href="/wiki/Solidarno%C5%9B%C4%87" title="Solidarność">Solidarność</a>, il <a href="/wiki/Sindacato" title="Sindacato">sindacato</a> guidato dal <a href="/wiki/Premio_Nobel_per_la_Pace" class="mw-redirect" title="Premio Nobel per la Pace">Premio Nobel per la Pace</a> <a href="/wiki/Lech_Wa%C5%82%C4%99sa" title="Lech Wałęsa">Lech Wałęsa</a>. Nel <a href="/wiki/1989" title="1989">1989</a> prese parte alla discussione sulla censura, ritenuta troppo oppressiva, e sostenne con diversi articoli, pubblicati sulla <i>Gazeta Wyborcza</i>, la libera circolazione dei libri, per far così rinascere la <a href="/wiki/Cultura" title="Cultura">cultura</a>. </p><p>Deputato al <a href="/wiki/Camera_dei_deputati_(Polonia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Camera dei deputati (Polonia)">Sejm</a>, la Camera bassa del <a href="/wiki/Assemblea_nazionale_(Polonia)" title="Assemblea nazionale (Polonia)">Parlamento polacco</a>, dal <a href="/wiki/1989" title="1989">1989</a> al <a href="/wiki/1991" title="1991">1991</a>, tornò ad occuparsi di <a href="/wiki/Giornalismo" title="Giornalismo">giornalismo</a> facendo il corrispondente alla <a href="/wiki/Borsa_di_Londra" class="mw-redirect" title="Borsa di Londra">Borsa di Londra</a> e <a href="/wiki/Varsavia" title="Varsavia">Varsavia</a>. Nel <a href="/wiki/2007" title="2007">2007</a> è stato scelto come mediatore per la libertà dell'informazione in <a href="/wiki/Georgia" title="Georgia">Georgia</a> dall'<a href="/wiki/Unione_europea" title="Unione europea">Unione europea</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Adam_Michnik_(1991)_by_Erling_Mandelmann.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f5/Adam_Michnik_%281991%29_by_Erling_Mandelmann.jpg" decoding="async" width="208" height="300" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="208" data-file-height="300" /></a><figcaption>Adam Michnik nel 1991</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Opere">Opere</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Adam_Michnik&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifica la sezione Opere" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Adam_Michnik&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Opere"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Opere_tradotte_in_italiano">Opere tradotte in italiano</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Adam_Michnik&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifica la sezione Opere tradotte in italiano" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Adam_Michnik&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Opere tradotte in italiano"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Etica della Resistenza</i>, 1986, ed. SugarCo, Milano</li> <li><i>La Chiesa e la sinistra in Polonia </i>, 1980, ed. Queriniana, Brescia</li> <li><i>Il pogrom</i>, 2007, ed. Bollati Boringhieri, Torino</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Onorificenze">Onorificenze</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Adam_Michnik&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifica la sezione Onorificenze" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Adam_Michnik&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Onorificenze"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Onorificenze_polacche">Onorificenze polacche</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Adam_Michnik&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifica la sezione Onorificenze polacche" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Adam_Michnik&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Onorificenze polacche"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div style="display: flex; gap: 4px; padding: 3px"> <div style="width:60px"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:POL_Order_Or%C5%82a_Bia%C5%82ego_BAR.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Cavaliere dell'Ordine dell'Aquila Bianca - nastrino per uniforme ordinaria"><img alt="Cavaliere dell'Ordine dell'Aquila Bianca - nastrino per uniforme ordinaria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/POL_Order_Or%C5%82a_Bia%C5%82ego_BAR.svg/60px-POL_Order_Or%C5%82a_Bia%C5%82ego_BAR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/POL_Order_Or%C5%82a_Bia%C5%82ego_BAR.svg/90px-POL_Order_Or%C5%82a_Bia%C5%82ego_BAR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/POL_Order_Or%C5%82a_Bia%C5%82ego_BAR.svg/120px-POL_Order_Or%C5%82a_Bia%C5%82ego_BAR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="218" data-file-height="60" /></a></span></div> <div style="display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 4px"> <div><a href="/wiki/Ordine_dell%27aquila_bianca" class="mw-redirect" title="Ordine dell'aquila bianca">Cavaliere dell'Ordine dell'Aquila Bianca</a></div> <div>— 2010</div> </div> </div> <div style="display: flex; gap: 4px; padding: 3px"> <div style="width:60px"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:POL_Z%C5%82oty_Medal_Zas%C5%82u%C5%BCony_Kulturze_Gloria_Artis_BAR.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Medaglia Gloria Artis d'oro - nastrino per uniforme ordinaria"><img alt="Medaglia Gloria Artis d'oro - nastrino per uniforme ordinaria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/POL_Z%C5%82oty_Medal_Zas%C5%82u%C5%BCony_Kulturze_Gloria_Artis_BAR.png/60px-POL_Z%C5%82oty_Medal_Zas%C5%82u%C5%BCony_Kulturze_Gloria_Artis_BAR.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/POL_Z%C5%82oty_Medal_Zas%C5%82u%C5%BCony_Kulturze_Gloria_Artis_BAR.png/90px-POL_Z%C5%82oty_Medal_Zas%C5%82u%C5%BCony_Kulturze_Gloria_Artis_BAR.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/POL_Z%C5%82oty_Medal_Zas%C5%82u%C5%BCony_Kulturze_Gloria_Artis_BAR.png/120px-POL_Z%C5%82oty_Medal_Zas%C5%82u%C5%BCony_Kulturze_Gloria_Artis_BAR.png 2x" data-file-width="218" data-file-height="60" /></a></span></div> <div style="display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 4px"> <div><a href="/wiki/Medaglia_Gloria_Artis" title="Medaglia Gloria Artis">Medaglia Gloria Artis d'oro</a></div> <div>— 2005</div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Onorificenze_straniere">Onorificenze straniere</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Adam_Michnik&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modifica la sezione Onorificenze straniere" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Adam_Michnik&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Onorificenze straniere"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div style="display: flex; gap: 4px; padding: 3px"> <div style="width:60px"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:CZE_Rad_T-G-Masaryka_3tr_(1994)_BAR.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Cavaliere di III Classe dell'Ordine di Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk (Repubblica Ceca) - nastrino per uniforme ordinaria"><img alt="Cavaliere di III Classe dell'Ordine di Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk (Repubblica Ceca) - nastrino per uniforme ordinaria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/CZE_Rad_T-G-Masaryka_3tr_%281994%29_BAR.svg/60px-CZE_Rad_T-G-Masaryka_3tr_%281994%29_BAR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/CZE_Rad_T-G-Masaryka_3tr_%281994%29_BAR.svg/90px-CZE_Rad_T-G-Masaryka_3tr_%281994%29_BAR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/CZE_Rad_T-G-Masaryka_3tr_%281994%29_BAR.svg/120px-CZE_Rad_T-G-Masaryka_3tr_%281994%29_BAR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="218" data-file-height="60" /></a></span></div> <div style="display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 4px"> <div><a href="/wiki/Ordine_di_Tom%C3%A1%C5%A1_Garrigue_Masaryk" title="Ordine di Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk">Cavaliere di III Classe dell'Ordine di Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk (Repubblica Ceca)</a></div> <div>— 2003</div> </div> </div> <div style="display: flex; gap: 4px; padding: 3px"> <div style="width:60px"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:CHL_Order_of_Bernardo_O%27Higgins_-_Commander_BAR.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Commendatore dell'Ordine di Bernardo O'Higgins (Cile) - nastrino per uniforme ordinaria"><img alt="Commendatore dell'Ordine di Bernardo O'Higgins (Cile) - nastrino per uniforme ordinaria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/CHL_Order_of_Bernardo_O%27Higgins_-_Commander_BAR.png/60px-CHL_Order_of_Bernardo_O%27Higgins_-_Commander_BAR.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/CHL_Order_of_Bernardo_O%27Higgins_-_Commander_BAR.png/90px-CHL_Order_of_Bernardo_O%27Higgins_-_Commander_BAR.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/CHL_Order_of_Bernardo_O%27Higgins_-_Commander_BAR.png/120px-CHL_Order_of_Bernardo_O%27Higgins_-_Commander_BAR.png 2x" data-file-width="218" data-file-height="60" /></a></span></div> <div style="display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 4px"> <div><a href="/wiki/Ordine_di_Bernardo_O%27Higgins" title="Ordine di Bernardo O'Higgins">Commendatore dell'Ordine di Bernardo O'Higgins (Cile)</a></div> <div>— 1998</div> </div> </div> <div style="display: flex; gap: 4px; padding: 3px"> <div style="width:60px"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Legion_Honneur_Officier_ribbon.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ufficiale dell'Ordine della Legion d'onore (Francia) - nastrino per uniforme ordinaria"><img alt="Ufficiale dell'Ordine della Legion d'onore (Francia) - nastrino per uniforme ordinaria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Legion_Honneur_Officier_ribbon.svg/60px-Legion_Honneur_Officier_ribbon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Legion_Honneur_Officier_ribbon.svg/90px-Legion_Honneur_Officier_ribbon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Legion_Honneur_Officier_ribbon.svg/120px-Legion_Honneur_Officier_ribbon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="218" data-file-height="60" /></a></span></div> <div style="display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 4px"> <div><a href="/wiki/Legion_d%27onore" title="Legion d'onore">Ufficiale dell'Ordine della Legion d'onore (Francia)</a></div> <div>— 2003</div> </div> </div> <div style="display: flex; gap: 4px; padding: 3px"> <div style="width:60px"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:GER_Bundesverdienstkreuz_4_GrVK.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Gran Croce al Merito dell'Ordine al Merito di Germania (Germania) - nastrino per uniforme ordinaria"><img alt="Gran Croce al Merito dell'Ordine al Merito di Germania (Germania) - nastrino per uniforme ordinaria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/GER_Bundesverdienstkreuz_4_GrVK.svg/60px-GER_Bundesverdienstkreuz_4_GrVK.svg.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/GER_Bundesverdienstkreuz_4_GrVK.svg/90px-GER_Bundesverdienstkreuz_4_GrVK.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/GER_Bundesverdienstkreuz_4_GrVK.svg/120px-GER_Bundesverdienstkreuz_4_GrVK.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="218" data-file-height="60" /></a></span></div> <div style="display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 4px"> <div><a href="/wiki/Ordine_al_merito_di_Germania" title="Ordine al merito di Germania">Gran Croce al Merito dell'Ordine al Merito di Germania (Germania)</a></div> <div>— 2001</div> </div> </div> <div style="display: flex; gap: 4px; padding: 3px"> <div style="width:60px"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Princess_of_Asturias_Foundation_Emblem.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Premio Principessa delle Asturie per la comunicazione e l'umanistica (Spagna) - nastrino per uniforme ordinaria"><img alt="Premio Principessa delle Asturie per la comunicazione e l'umanistica (Spagna) - nastrino per uniforme ordinaria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Princess_of_Asturias_Foundation_Emblem.svg/22px-Princess_of_Asturias_Foundation_Emblem.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Princess_of_Asturias_Foundation_Emblem.svg/33px-Princess_of_Asturias_Foundation_Emblem.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Princess_of_Asturias_Foundation_Emblem.svg/44px-Princess_of_Asturias_Foundation_Emblem.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="952" data-file-height="1296" /></a></span></div> <div style="display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 4px"> <div><a href="/wiki/Premio_Principessa_delle_Asturie" title="Premio Principessa delle Asturie">Premio Principessa delle Asturie per la comunicazione e l'umanistica (Spagna)</a></div> <div>— 11 maggio 2022<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div> </div> </div> <div style="display: flex; gap: 4px; padding: 3px"> <div style="width:60px"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Order_of_Prince_Yaroslav_the_Wise_1st_2nd_and_3rd_Class_of_Ukraine.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Ordine di Jaroslav il Saggio di III Classe (Ucraina) - nastrino per uniforme ordinaria"><img alt="Ordine di Jaroslav il Saggio di III Classe (Ucraina) - nastrino per uniforme ordinaria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Order_of_Prince_Yaroslav_the_Wise_1st_2nd_and_3rd_Class_of_Ukraine.png/60px-Order_of_Prince_Yaroslav_the_Wise_1st_2nd_and_3rd_Class_of_Ukraine.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Order_of_Prince_Yaroslav_the_Wise_1st_2nd_and_3rd_Class_of_Ukraine.png/90px-Order_of_Prince_Yaroslav_the_Wise_1st_2nd_and_3rd_Class_of_Ukraine.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Order_of_Prince_Yaroslav_the_Wise_1st_2nd_and_3rd_Class_of_Ukraine.png/120px-Order_of_Prince_Yaroslav_the_Wise_1st_2nd_and_3rd_Class_of_Ukraine.png 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="550" /></a></span></div> <div style="display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 4px"> <div><a href="/wiki/Ordine_di_Jaroslav_il_Saggio" title="Ordine di Jaroslav il Saggio">Ordine di Jaroslav il Saggio di III Classe (Ucraina)</a></div> <div>— 2006</div> </div> </div> <div style="display: flex; gap: 4px; padding: 3px"> <div style="width:60px"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:HUN_Order_of_Merit_of_the_Hungarian_Rep_(civil)_4class_BAR.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Croce di Ufficiale dell'Ordine al Merito della Repubblica ungherese (Ungheria) - nastrino per uniforme ordinaria"><img alt="Croce di Ufficiale dell'Ordine al Merito della Repubblica ungherese (Ungheria) - nastrino per uniforme ordinaria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/HUN_Order_of_Merit_of_the_Hungarian_Rep_%28civil%29_4class_BAR.svg/60px-HUN_Order_of_Merit_of_the_Hungarian_Rep_%28civil%29_4class_BAR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/HUN_Order_of_Merit_of_the_Hungarian_Rep_%28civil%29_4class_BAR.svg/90px-HUN_Order_of_Merit_of_the_Hungarian_Rep_%28civil%29_4class_BAR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/HUN_Order_of_Merit_of_the_Hungarian_Rep_%28civil%29_4class_BAR.svg/120px-HUN_Order_of_Merit_of_the_Hungarian_Rep_%28civil%29_4class_BAR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="218" data-file-height="60" /></a></span></div> <div style="display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 4px"> <div><a href="/wiki/Ordine_al_merito_della_Repubblica_ungherese" title="Ordine al merito della Repubblica ungherese">Croce di Ufficiale dell'Ordine al Merito della Repubblica ungherese (Ungheria)</a></div> <div>— 1998</div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Note">Note</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Adam_Michnik&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Modifica la sezione Note" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Adam_Michnik&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Note"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fpa.es/es/premios-princesa-de-asturias/premiados/2022-adam-michnik.html?texto=acta&especifica=0">Acta del Jurado</a></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Altri_progetti">Altri progetti</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Adam_Michnik&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Modifica la sezione Altri progetti" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Adam_Michnik&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Altri progetti"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div id="interProject" class="toccolours" style="display: none; clear: both; margin-top: 2em"><p id="sisterProjects" style="background-color: #efefef; color: black; font-weight: bold; margin: 0"><span>Altri progetti</span></p><ul title="Collegamenti verso gli altri progetti Wikimedia"> <li class="" title=""><a href="https://it.wikiquote.org/wiki/Adam_Michnik" class="extiw" title="q:Adam Michnik">Wikiquote</a></li> <li class="" title=""><span class="plainlinks" title="commons:Adam Michnik"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Adam_Michnik?uselang=it">Wikimedia Commons</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://it.wikiquote.org/wiki/" title="Collabora a Wikiquote"><img alt="Collabora a Wikiquote" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/18px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/27px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/36px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></a></span> <a href="https://it.wikiquote.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="q:">Wikiquote</a> contiene citazioni di o su <b><a href="https://it.wikiquote.org/wiki/Adam_Michnik" class="extiw" title="q:Adam Michnik">Adam Michnik</a></b></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/?uselang=it" title="Collabora a Wikimedia Commons"><img alt="Collabora a Wikimedia Commons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/27px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/36px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/?uselang=it">Wikimedia Commons</a></span> contiene immagini o altri file su <b><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Adam_Michnik?uselang=it">Adam Michnik</a></span></b></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Collegamenti_esterni">Collegamenti esterni</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Adam_Michnik&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Modifica la sezione Collegamenti esterni" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Adam_Michnik&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Collegamenti esterni"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFMLOL" class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mlol.link/open/author/364230"><span style="font-style:italic;">Opere di Adam Michnik</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">MLOL</span>, Horizons Unlimited.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q163714#P3762" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFOpen_Library" class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openlibrary.org/works/OL227024A"><span style="font-style:italic;">Opere di Adam Michnik</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive#Open_Library" title="Internet Archive">Open Library</a></span>, <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a>.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q163714#P648" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li>(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) Cushman, Thomas: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060211182034/http://www.dissentmagazine.org/menutest/articles/sp04/cushman.htm">"Anti-totalitarianism as a Vocation: An Interview with Adam Michnik"</a>, <i>Dissent Magazine</i>, Primavera 2004. Accesso 4 febbraio 2006</li> <li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SvlgZ5i-w1M"><span style="font-style:italic;">Zbigniew Herbert intervista Michnik - video</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">youtube.com</span>.</cite></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r141815314">.mw-parser-output .navbox{border:1px solid #aaa;clear:both;margin:auto;padding:2px;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox th{padding-left:1em;padding-right:1em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox>tbody>tr:first-child>th{background:#ccf;font-size:90%;width:100%;color:var(--color-base,black)}.mw-parser-output .navbox_navbar{float:left;margin:0;padding:0 10px 0 0;text-align:left;width:6em}.mw-parser-output .navbox_title{font-size:110%}.mw-parser-output .navbox_abovebelow{background:#ddf;font-size:90%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbox_group{background:#ddf;font-size:90%;padding:0 10px;white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .navbox_list{font-size:90%;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox_list a{white-space:nowrap}html:not(.vector-feature-night-mode-enabled) .mw-parser-output .navbox_odd{background:#fdfdfd;color:var(--color-base,black)}html:not(.vector-feature-night-mode-enabled) .mw-parser-output .navbox_even{background:#f7f7f7;color:var(--color-base,black)}.mw-parser-output .navbox a.mw-selflink{color:var(--color-base,black)}.mw-parser-output .navbox_center{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox_image{padding-left:7px;vertical-align:middle;width:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox .mw-collapsible-toggle{font-weight:normal;text-align:right;width:7em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox_image img{max-width:none!important}.mw-parser-output .subnavbox{margin:-3px;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .subnavbox_group{background:#e6e6ff;padding:0 10px}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox>tbody>tr:first-child>th{background:var(--background-color-interactive)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox th{color:var(--color-base)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox_abovebelow,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox_group{background:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .subnavbox_group{background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox>tbody>tr:first-child>th{background:var(--background-color-interactive)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox th{color:var(--color-base)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox_abovebelow,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox_group{background:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .subnavbox_group{background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle)!important}}</style><table class="navbox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed noprint metadata" id="navbox-Premio_Erasmo"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" style="background:#ccccff"><div class="navbox_navbar"><div class="noprint plainlinks" style="background-color:transparent; padding:0; font-size:xx-small; color:var(--color-base, #000000); white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Template:Premio_Erasmo" title="Template:Premio Erasmo"><span title="Vai alla pagina del template">V</span></a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Discussioni_template:Premio_Erasmo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Discussioni template:Premio Erasmo (la pagina non esiste)"><span title="Discuti del template">D</span></a> · <a class="external text" href="https://it.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Premio_Erasmo&action=edit"><span title="Modifica il template. Usa l'anteprima prima di salvare">M</span></a></div></div><span class="navbox_title">Vincitori del <a href="/wiki/Premio_Erasmo" title="Premio Erasmo">Premio Erasmo</a></span></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox_list navbox_center navbox_odd"><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hans_Holbein_d._J._-_Erasmus_-_Louvre.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Hans_Holbein_d._J._-_Erasmus_-_Louvre.jpg/110px-Hans_Holbein_d._J._-_Erasmus_-_Louvre.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Hans_Holbein_d._J._-_Erasmus_-_Louvre.jpg/165px-Hans_Holbein_d._J._-_Erasmus_-_Louvre.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Hans_Holbein_d._J._-_Erasmus_-_Louvre.jpg/220px-Hans_Holbein_d._J._-_Erasmus_-_Louvre.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2024" data-file-height="2679" /></a><figcaption><b><a href="/wiki/Erasmo_da_Rotterdam" title="Erasmo da Rotterdam">Erasmo</a></b></figcaption></figure> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Austriaci" title="Austriaci">Popolo austriaco</a> (1958)</span><b> ·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Schuman" title="Robert Schuman">Robert Schuman</a> - <a href="/wiki/Karl_Jaspers" title="Karl Jaspers">Karl Jaspers</a> (1959)</span><b> ·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Marc_Chagall" title="Marc Chagall">Marc Chagall</a> - <a href="/wiki/Oskar_Kokoschka" title="Oskar Kokoschka">Oskar Kokoschka</a> (1960)</span><b> ·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Aaron_Copland" title="Aaron Copland">Aaron Copland</a> (1961)</span><b> ·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Romano_Guardini" title="Romano Guardini">Romano Guardini</a> (1962)</span><b> ·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Martin_Buber" title="Martin Buber">Martin Buber</a> (1963)</span><b> ·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Union_acad%C3%A9mique_internationale" title="Union académique internationale">Unione accademica internazionale</a> (1964)</span><b> ·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Charlie_Chaplin" title="Charlie Chaplin">Charlie Chaplin</a> - <a href="/wiki/Ingmar_Bergman" title="Ingmar Bergman">Ingmar Bergman</a> (1965)</span><b> ·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Herbert_Read" title="Herbert Read">Herbert Read</a> (1966)</span><b> ·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jan_Tinbergen" title="Jan Tinbergen">Jan Tinbergen</a> (1967)</span><b> ·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Henry_Moore" title="Henry Moore">Henry Moore</a> (1968)</span><b> ·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Marcel" title="Gabriel Marcel">Gabriel Marcel</a> - <a href="/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_von_Weizs%C3%A4cker" title="Carl Friedrich von Weizsäcker">Carl Friedrich von Weizsäcker</a> (1969)</span><b> ·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hans_Scharoun" title="Hans Scharoun">Hans Scharoun</a> (1970)</span><b> ·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Olivier_Messiaen" title="Olivier Messiaen">Olivier Messiaen</a> (1971)</span><b> ·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jean_Piaget" title="Jean Piaget">Jean Piaget</a> (1972)</span><b> ·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Claude_L%C3%A9vi-Strauss" title="Claude Lévi-Strauss">Claude Lévi-Strauss</a> (1973)</span><b> ·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ninette_de_Valois" title="Ninette de Valois">Ninette de Valois</a> - <a href="/wiki/Maurice_B%C3%A9jart" title="Maurice Béjart">Maurice Béjart</a> (1974)</span><b> ·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ernst_Gombrich" title="Ernst Gombrich">Ernst Gombrich</a> - <a href="/wiki/Willem_Sandberg" title="Willem Sandberg">Willem Sandberg</a> (1975)</span><b> ·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Amnesty_International" title="Amnesty International">Amnesty International</a> - <a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_David" title="René David">René David</a> (1976)</span><b> ·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Werner_Kaegi" title="Werner Kaegi">Werner Kaegi</a> - <a href="/wiki/Jean_Monnet" title="Jean Monnet">Jean Monnet</a> (1977)</span><b> ·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Teatro_di_figura" title="Teatro di figura">Teatro delle marionette</a> (1978)</span><b> ·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Die_Zeit" title="Die Zeit">Die Zeit</a> - <a href="/wiki/Neue_Z%C3%BCrcher_Zeitung" title="Neue Zürcher Zeitung">Neue Zürcher Zeitung</a> (1979)</span><b> ·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Nikolaus_Harnoncourt" title="Nikolaus Harnoncourt">Nikolaus Harnoncourt</a> - <a href="/wiki/Gustav_Leonhardt" title="Gustav Leonhardt">Gustav Leonhardt</a> (1980)</span><b> ·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jean_Prouv%C3%A9" title="Jean Prouvé">Jean Prouvé</a> (1981)</span><b> ·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Edward_Schillebeeckx" title="Edward Schillebeeckx">Edward Schillebeeckx</a> (1982)</span><b> ·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Raymond_Aron" title="Raymond Aron">Raymond Aron</a> - <a href="/wiki/Marguerite_Yourcenar" title="Marguerite Yourcenar">Marguerite Yourcenar</a> - <a href="/wiki/Isaiah_Berlin" title="Isaiah Berlin">Isaiah Berlin</a> - <a href="/wiki/Leszek_Ko%C5%82akowski" title="Leszek Kołakowski">Leszek Kołakowski</a> (1983)</span><b> ·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Massimo_Pallottino" title="Massimo Pallottino">Massimo Pallottino</a> (1984)</span><b> ·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Paul_Delouvrier" title="Paul Delouvrier">Paul Delouvrier</a> (1985)</span><b> ·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/V%C3%A1clav_Havel" title="Václav Havel">Václav Havel</a> (1986)</span><b> ·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alexander_King" title="Alexander King">Alexander King</a> (1987)</span><b> ·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jacques_Ledoux" title="Jacques Ledoux">Jacques Ledoux</a> (1988)</span><b> ·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Commissione_internazionale_dei_giuristi" title="Commissione internazionale dei giuristi">Commissione internazionale dei giuristi</a> (1989)</span><b> ·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Grahame_Clark" title="Grahame Clark">Grahame Clark</a> (1990)</span><b> ·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bernard_Haitink" title="Bernard Haitink">Bernard Haitink</a> (1991)</span><b> ·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Archivio_Generale_delle_Indie" title="Archivio Generale delle Indie">Archivo General de Indias</a> - <a href="/wiki/Simon_Wiesenthal" title="Simon Wiesenthal">Simon Wiesenthal</a> (1992)</span><b> ·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Peter_Stein" title="Peter Stein">Peter Stein</a> (1993)</span><b> ·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sigmar_Polke" title="Sigmar Polke">Sigmar Polke</a> (1994)</span><b> ·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Renzo_Piano" title="Renzo Piano">Renzo Piano</a> (1995)</span><b> ·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_H._McNeill" title="William H. McNeill">William H. McNeill</a> (1996)</span><b> ·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jacques_Delors" title="Jacques Delors">Jacques Delors</a> (1997)</span><b> ·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mauricio_Kagel" title="Mauricio Kagel">Mauricio Kagel</a> - <a href="/wiki/Peter_Sellars" title="Peter Sellars">Peter Sellars</a> (1998)</span><b> ·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mary_Robinson" title="Mary Robinson">Mary Robinson</a> (1999)</span><b> ·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hans_van_Manen" title="Hans van Manen">Hans van Manen</a> (2000)</span><b> ·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Adam Michnik</a> - <a href="/wiki/Claudio_Magris" title="Claudio Magris">Claudio Magris</a> (2001)</span><b> ·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bernd_e_Hilla_Becher" title="Bernd e Hilla Becher">Bernd Becher</a> - <a href="/wiki/Bernd_e_Hilla_Becher" title="Bernd e Hilla Becher">Hilla Wobeser-Becher</a> (2002)</span><b> ·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alan_Davidson_(scrittore_1924)" title="Alan Davidson (scrittore 1924)">Alan Davidson</a> (2003)</span><b> ·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Abdolkarim_Soroush" title="Abdolkarim Soroush">Abdolkarim Soroush</a> - <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sadik_Al-Azm&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sadik Al-Azm (la pagina non esiste)">Sadik Al-Azm</a> - <a href="/wiki/Fatema_Mernissi" title="Fatema Mernissi">Fatema Mernissi</a> (2004)</span><b> ·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Simon_Schaffer" title="Simon Schaffer">Simon Schaffer</a> - <a href="/w/index.php?title=Steven_Shapin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Steven Shapin (la pagina non esiste)">Steven Shapin</a> (2005)</span><b> ·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pierre_Bernard_(designer)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pierre Bernard (designer) (la pagina non esiste)">Pierre Bernard</a> (2006)</span><b> ·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_Forgacs&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peter Forgacs (la pagina non esiste)">Peter Forgacs</a> (2007)</span><b> ·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ian_Buruma" title="Ian Buruma">Ian Buruma</a> (2008)</span><b> ·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Cassese" title="Antonio Cassese">Antonio Cassese</a> - <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Ferencz" title="Benjamin Ferencz">Benjamin Ferencz</a> (2009)</span><b> ·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Antonio_Abreu" title="José Antonio Abreu">José Antonio Abreu</a> (2010)</span><b> ·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Joan_Busquets" title="Joan Busquets">Joan Busquets</a> (2011)</span><b> ·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Dennett" title="Daniel Dennett">Daniel Dennett</a> (2012)</span><b> ·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/J%C3%BCrgen_Habermas" title="Jürgen Habermas">Jürgen Habermas</a> (2013)</span><b> ·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Frie_Leysen" title="Frie Leysen">Frie Leysen</a> (2014)</span><b> ·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia">Comunità di wikipedia</a> (2015)</span><b> ·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Antonia_Susan_Byatt" title="Antonia Susan Byatt">A. S. Byatt</a> (2016)</span><b> ·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mich%C3%A8le_Lamont&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Michèle Lamont (la pagina non esiste)">Michèle Lamont</a> (2017)</span><b> ·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Ehrenreich" title="Barbara Ehrenreich">Barbara Ehrenreich</a> (2018)</span><b> ·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Adams_(compositore)" title="John Adams (compositore)">John Adams</a> (2019)</span><b> ·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grayson_Perry&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Grayson Perry (la pagina non esiste)">Grayson Perry</a> (2020)</span><b> ·</b> <span class="nowrap"><i>Non assegnato</i> (2021)</span><b> ·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/David_Grossman" title="David Grossman">David Grossman</a> (2022)</span><b> ·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Trevor_Noah" title="Trevor Noah">Trevor Noah</a> (2023)</span></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r141815314"><table class="navbox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed noprint metadata" id="navbox-Premio_Dan_David"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" style="yellowground:#c0d4it;"><div class="navbox_navbar"><div class="noprint plainlinks" style="background-color:transparent; padding:0; font-size:xx-small; color:var(--color-base, #000000); white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Template:Premio_Dan_David" title="Template:Premio Dan David"><span title="Vai alla pagina del template">V</span></a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Discussioni_template:Premio_Dan_David&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Discussioni template:Premio Dan David (la pagina non esiste)"><span title="Discuti del template">D</span></a> · <a class="external text" href="https://it.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Premio_Dan_David&action=edit"><span title="Modifica il template. Usa l'anteprima prima di salvare">M</span></a></div></div><span class="navbox_title">Vincitori del <a href="/wiki/Premio_Dan_David" title="Premio Dan David">Premio Dan David</a></span></th></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group">Passato</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_odd"><a href="/wiki/Warburg_Institute" title="Warburg Institute">Warburg Institute</a> (2002) • <a href="/wiki/Michel_Brunet" title="Michel Brunet">Michel Brunet</a> (2003) • <i>ex aequo</i> <a href="/wiki/Roma" title="Roma">Roma</a>, <a href="/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul">Istanbul</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gerusalemme" title="Gerusalemme">Gerusalemme</a> (2004) • <i>ex aequo</i> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Graeme_Barker&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Graeme Barker (la pagina non esiste)">Graeme Barker</a>, <a href="/wiki/Israel_Finkelstein" title="Israel Finkelstein">Israel Finkelstein</a> (2005) • <a href="/wiki/Yo-Yo_Ma" title="Yo-Yo Ma">Yo-Yo Ma</a> (2006) • <a href="/wiki/Jacques_Le_Goff" title="Jacques Le Goff">Jacques Le Goff</a> (2007) • <i>ex aequo</i> <a href="/wiki/Amos_Oz" title="Amos Oz">Amos Oz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tom_Stoppard" title="Tom Stoppard">Tom Stoppard</a>, <a href="/wiki/Atom_Egoyan" title="Atom Egoyan">Atom Egoyan</a> (2008) • <i>ex aequo</i> <a href="/wiki/Paolo_De_Bernardis" title="Paolo De Bernardis">Paolo De Bernardis</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Andrew_E._Lange&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Andrew E. Lange (la pagina non esiste)">Andrew E. Lange</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Linford_Richards&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paul Linford Richards (la pagina non esiste)">Paul Linford Richards</a> (2009) • <a href="/wiki/Giorgio_Napolitano" title="Giorgio Napolitano">Giorgio Napolitano</a> (2010) • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Marcus_Feldman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marcus Feldman (la pagina non esiste)">Marcus Feldman</a> (2011) • <i>ex aequo</i> <a href="/wiki/Robert_Conquest" title="Robert Conquest">Robert Conquest</a>, <a href="/wiki/Martin_Gilbert" title="Martin Gilbert">Martin Gilbert</a> (2012) • <a href="/w/index.php?title=G._E._R._Lloyd&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="G. E. R. Lloyd (la pagina non esiste)">G. E. R. Lloyd</a> (2013) • <i>ex aequo</i> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Krzysztof_Czy%C5%BCewski&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Krzysztof Czyżewski (la pagina non esiste)">Krzysztof Czyżewski</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Nora" title="Pierre Nora">Pierre Nora</a>, <a href="/wiki/Saul_Friedl%C3%A4nder" title="Saul Friedländer">Saul Friedländer</a> (2014) • <a href="/wiki/Peter_Brown_(storico)" title="Peter Brown (storico)">Peter Brown</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alessandro_Portelli" title="Alessandro Portelli">Alessandro Portelli</a> (2015) • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Inga_Clendinnen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Inga Clendinnen (la pagina non esiste)">Inga Clendinnen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arlette_Farge" title="Arlette Farge">Arlette Farge</a> (2016) • <a href="/wiki/Svante_P%C3%A4%C3%A4bo" title="Svante Pääbo">Svante Pääbo</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=David_Reich&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="David Reich (la pagina non esiste)">David Reich</a> (2017) • <a href="/wiki/Lorraine_Daston" title="Lorraine Daston">Lorraine Daston</a>, <a href="/wiki/Evelyn_Fox_Keller" title="Evelyn Fox Keller">Evelyn Fox Keller</a>, <a href="/wiki/Simon_Schaffer" title="Simon Schaffer">Simon Schaffer</a> (2018) • <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Pomeranz" title="Kenneth Pomeranz">Kenneth Pomeranz</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sanjay_Subrahmanyam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sanjay Subrahmanyam (la pagina non esiste)">Sanjay Subrahmanyam</a> (2019) • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lonnie_Bunch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lonnie Bunch (la pagina non esiste)">Lonnie Bunch</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Barbara_Kirshenblatt-Gimblett&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Barbara Kirshenblatt-Gimblett (la pagina non esiste)">Barbara Kirshenblatt-Gimblett</a> (2020) • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alison_Bashford&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alison Bashford (la pagina non esiste)">Alison Bashford</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Katharine_Park&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Katharine Park (la pagina non esiste)">Katharine Park</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Keith_Wailoo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Keith Wailoo (la pagina non esiste)">Keith Wailoo</a> (2021)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group">Presente</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_even"><a href="/wiki/William_Daniel_Hillis" title="William Daniel Hillis">William Daniel Hillis</a> (2002) • <i>ex aequo</i> <a href="/wiki/James_Nachtwey" title="James Nachtwey">James Nachtwey</a>, <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Wiseman" title="Frederick Wiseman">Frederick Wiseman</a> (2003) • <a href="/wiki/Klaus_Schwab" title="Klaus Schwab">Klaus Schwab</a> (2004) • <a href="/wiki/Peter_Brook" title="Peter Brook">Peter Brook</a> (2005) • <i>ex aequo</i> <a href="/wiki/Magdi_Allam" title="Magdi Allam">Magdi Allam</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Monica_Gonzalez&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monica Gonzalez (la pagina non esiste)">Monica Gonzalez</a>, <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Adam Michnik</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Goenawan_Mohamad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Goenawan Mohamad (la pagina non esiste)">Goenawan Mohamad</a> (2006) • <i>ex aequo</i> <a href="/wiki/Pascal_Dusapin" title="Pascal Dusapin">Pascal Dusapin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zubin_Mehta" title="Zubin Mehta">Zubin Mehta</a> (2007) • <a href="/wiki/Al_Gore" title="Al Gore">Al Gore</a> (2008) • <a href="/wiki/Tony_Blair" title="Tony Blair">Tony Blair</a> (2009) • <i>ex aequo</i> <a href="/wiki/Margaret_Atwood" title="Margaret Atwood">Margaret Atwood</a>, <a href="/wiki/Amitav_Ghosh" title="Amitav Ghosh">Amitav Ghosh</a> (2010) • <a href="/wiki/Joel_ed_Ethan_Coen" title="Joel ed Ethan Coen">Joel ed Ethan Coen</a> (2011) • <a href="/wiki/William_Kentridge" title="William Kentridge">William Kentridge</a> (2012) • <i>ex aequo</i> <a href="/wiki/Michel_Serres" title="Michel Serres">Michel Serres</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Leon_Wieseltier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Leon Wieseltier (la pagina non esiste)">Leon Wieseltier</a> (2013) • <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Hardy_(scienziato)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Hardy (scienziato) (la pagina non esiste)">John Hardy</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_St_George-Hyslop&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peter St George-Hyslop (la pagina non esiste)">Peter St George-Hyslop</a>, <a href="/wiki/H.M." title="H.M.">Brenda Milner</a> (2014) • <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Wales" title="Jimmy Wales">Jimmy Wales</a> (2015) • <a href="/wiki/Anthony_Barnes_Atkinson" title="Anthony Barnes Atkinson">Anthony Barnes Atkinson</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fran%C3%A7ois_Bourguignon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="François Bourguignon (la pagina non esiste)">François Bourguignon</a>, <a href="/wiki/James_Heckman" title="James Heckman">James Heckman</a> (2016) • <i>ex aequo</i> <a href="/wiki/Jamaica_Kincaid" title="Jamaica Kincaid">Jamaica Kincaid</a>, <a href="/wiki/Abraham_Yehoshua" title="Abraham Yehoshua">Abraham Yehoshua</a> (2017) • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ezekiel_Emanuel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ezekiel Emanuel (la pagina non esiste)">Ezekiel Emanuel</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jonathan_Glover&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jonathan Glover (la pagina non esiste)">Jonathan Glover</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mary_Warnock&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mary Warnock (la pagina non esiste)">Mary Warnock</a> (2018) • <a href="/wiki/Michael_Ignatieff" title="Michael Ignatieff">Michael Ignatieff</a>, <a href="/wiki/Christophe_Deloire" title="Christophe Deloire">Christophe Deloire</a> (2019) • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gita_Sen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gita Sen (la pagina non esiste)">Gita Sen</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Debora_Diniz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Debora Diniz (la pagina non esiste)">Debora Diniz</a> (2020) • <a href="/wiki/Anthony_Fauci" title="Anthony Fauci">Anthony Fauci</a> (2021)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group">Futuro</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_odd"><i>ex aequo</i> <a href="/wiki/Sydney_Brenner" title="Sydney Brenner">Sydney Brenner</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Sulston" title="John Sulston">John Sulston</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Waterston&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert Waterston (la pagina non esiste)">Robert Waterston</a> (2002) • <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_N._Bahcall&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John N. Bahcall (la pagina non esiste)">John N. Bahcall</a> (2003) • <i>ex aequo</i> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Wurtz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert Wurtz (la pagina non esiste)">Robert Wurtz</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Amiram_Grinvald&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Amiram Grinvald (la pagina non esiste)">Amiram Grinvald</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Newsome&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William Newsome (la pagina non esiste)">William Newsome</a> (2004) • <i>ex aequo</i> <a href="/wiki/Robert_S._Langer" title="Robert S. Langer">Robert S. Langer</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_M._Whitesides" title="George M. Whitesides">George M. Whitesides</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=C._N._R._Rao&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="C. N. R. Rao (la pagina non esiste)">C. N. R. Rao</a> (2005) • <i>ex aequo</i> <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Mendelsohn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Mendelsohn (la pagina non esiste)">John Mendelsohn</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseph_Schlessinger&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joseph Schlessinger (la pagina non esiste)">Joseph Schlessinger</a> (2006) • <i>ex aequo</i> <a href="/wiki/James_Hansen" title="James Hansen">James Hansen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jerry_Olson" title="Jerry Olson">Jerry Olson</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarah_Kurtz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sarah Kurtz (la pagina non esiste)">Sarah Kurtz</a> (2007) • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lonnie_Thompson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lonnie Thompson (la pagina non esiste)">Ellen & Lonnie Thompson</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Geoffrey_Eglinton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Geoffrey Eglinton (la pagina non esiste)">Geoffrey Eglinton</a> (2008) • <a href="/wiki/Robert_Gallo" title="Robert Gallo">Robert Gallo</a> (2009) • <i>ex aequo</i> <a href="/wiki/Leonard_Kleinrock" title="Leonard Kleinrock">Leonard Kleinrock</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gordon_Moore" title="Gordon Moore">Gordon Moore</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michael_Rabin" title="Michael Rabin">Michael Rabin</a> (2010) • <i>ex aequo</i> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cynthia_Kenyon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cynthia Kenyon (la pagina non esiste)">Cynthia Kenyon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gary_Ruvkun" title="Gary Ruvkun">Gary Ruvkun</a> (2011) • <i>ex aequo</i> <a href="/w/index.php?title=David_Botstein&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="David Botstein (la pagina non esiste)">David Botstein</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eric_Lander" title="Eric Lander">Eric Lander</a>, <a href="/wiki/Craig_Venter" title="Craig Venter">Craig Venter</a> (2012) • <i>ex aequo</i> <a href="/wiki/Esther_Duflo" title="Esther Duflo">Esther Duflo</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfred_Sommer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfred Sommer (la pagina non esiste)">Alfred Sommer</a> (2013) • <a href="/wiki/Marvin_Minsky" title="Marvin Minsky">Marvin Minsky</a> (2014) • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cyrus_Chothia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cyrus Chothia (la pagina non esiste)">Cyrus Chothia</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=David_Haussler&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="David Haussler (la pagina non esiste)">David Haussler</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Michael_Waterman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Michael Waterman (la pagina non esiste)">Michael Waterman</a> (2015)• <a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Alivisatos&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paul Alivisatos (la pagina non esiste)">Paul Alivisatos</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Chad_Mirkin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chad Mirkin (la pagina non esiste)">Chad Mirkin</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Pendry&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Pendry (la pagina non esiste)">John Pendry</a> (2016) • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Neil_Gehrels&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Neil Gehrels (la pagina non esiste)">Neil Gehrels</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Shrinivas_Kulkarni&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shrinivas Kulkarni (la pagina non esiste)">Shrinivas Kulkarni</a>, <a href="/wiki/Andrzej_Udalski" title="Andrzej Udalski">Andrzej Udalski</a> (2017) • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Carlo_M._Croce&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carlo M. Croce (la pagina non esiste)">Carlo M. Croce</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mary-Claire_King" title="Mary-Claire King">Mary-Claire King</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bert_Vogelstein&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bert Vogelstein (la pagina non esiste)">Bert Vogelstein</a> (2018) • <a href="/wiki/Christiana_Figueres" title="Christiana Figueres">Christiana Figueres</a> (2019) • <a href="/wiki/Demis_Hassabis" title="Demis Hassabis">Demis Hassabis</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Amnon_Shashua&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Amnon Shashua (la pagina non esiste)">Amnon Shashua</a> (2020) • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Zelig_Eshhar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zelig Eshhar (la pagina non esiste)">Zelig Eshhar</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Carl_H._June&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carl H. June (la pagina non esiste)">Carl H. June</a>, <a href="/wiki/Steven_Rosenberg" title="Steven Rosenberg">Steven Rosenberg</a> (2021)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group">Vincitori dal 2022</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_even"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mirjam_Brusius&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mirjam Brusius (la pagina non esiste)">Mirjam Brusius</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bartow_Elmore&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bartow Elmore (la pagina non esiste)">Bartow Elmore</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tyrone_McKinley_Freeman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tyrone McKinley Freeman (la pagina non esiste)">Tyrone McKinley Freeman</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Verena_Krebs&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Verena Krebs (la pagina non esiste)">Verena Krebs</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Efthymia_Nikita&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Efthymia Nikita (la pagina non esiste)">Efthymia Nikita</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nana_Oforiatta_Ayim&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nana Oforiatta Ayim (la pagina non esiste)">Nana Oforiatta Ayim</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kristina_Richardson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kristina Richardson (la pagina non esiste)">Kristina Richardson</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Natalia_Romik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Natalia Romik (la pagina non esiste)">Natalia Romik</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kimberly_Welch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kimberly Welch (la pagina non esiste)">Kimberly Welch</a> (2022) • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Saheed_Aderinto&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Saheed Aderinto (la pagina non esiste)">Saheed Aderinto</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ana_Antic&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ana Antic (la pagina non esiste)">Ana Antic</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Karma_Ben_Johanan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Karma Ben Johanan (la pagina non esiste)">Karma Ben Johanan</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Elise_K._Burton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elise K. Burton (la pagina non esiste)">Elise K. Burton</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Adam_Clulow&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Adam Clulow (la pagina non esiste)">Adam Clulow</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Krista_Goff&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Krista Goff (la pagina non esiste)">Krista Goff</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Stephanie_E._Jones-Rogers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stephanie E. Jones-Rogers (la pagina non esiste)">Stephanie E. Jones-Rogers</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Anita_Radini&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anita Radini (la pagina non esiste)">Anita Radini</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Chao_Tayiana_Maina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chao Tayiana Maina (la pagina non esiste)">Chao Tayiana Maina</a> (2023)</td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r140554510">.mw-parser-output .CdA{border:1px solid #aaa;width:100%;margin:auto;font-size:90%;padding:2px}.mw-parser-output .CdA th{background-color:#f2f2f2;font-weight:bold;width:20%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .CdA{border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .CdA th{background-color:#202122}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .CdA{border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .CdA th{background-color:#202122}}</style><table class="CdA"><tbody><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Aiuto:Controllo_di_autorit%C3%A0" title="Aiuto:Controllo di autorità">Controllo di autorità</a></th><td><a href="/wiki/Virtual_International_Authority_File" title="Virtual International Authority File">VIAF</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/102375292">102375292</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Name_Identifier" title="International Standard Name Identifier">ISNI</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://isni.org/isni/0000000121459273">0000 0001 2145 9273</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Servizio_bibliotecario_nazionale" title="Servizio bibliotecario nazionale">SBN</a> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/risultati-autori/-/opac-autori/detail/CFIV010129">CFIV010129</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" title="Library of Congress Control Number">LCCN</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n80073828">n80073828</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">GND</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="tedesco">DE</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/119238616">119238616</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_nazionale_di_Spagna" title="Biblioteca nazionale di Spagna">BNE</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="spagnolo">ES</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX1365858">XX1365858</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://datos.bne.es/resource/XX1365858">(data)</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_nazionale_di_Francia" title="Biblioteca nazionale di Francia">BNF</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="francese">FR</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11916036h">cb11916036h</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11916036h">(data)</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_nazionale_di_Israele" title="Biblioteca nazionale di Israele">J9U</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr>, <abbr title="ebraico">HE</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007313836605171">987007313836605171</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_nazionale_e_universitaria_di_Zagabria" title="Biblioteca nazionale e universitaria di Zagabria">NSK</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="croato">HR</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://katalog.nsk.hr/F/?func=direct&local_base=nsk10&doc_number=000091039">000091039</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_della_Dieta_nazionale_del_Giappone" title="Biblioteca della Dieta nazionale del Giappone">NDL</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr>, <abbr title="giapponese">JA</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00515021">00515021</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> CONOR.SI <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="sloveno">SL</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://plus.si.cobiss.net/opac7/conor/25768035">25768035</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="noprint" style="width:100%; padding: 3px 0; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; row-gap: 4px; column-gap: 8px; box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="flex-basis: calc( 100% / 2 - 8px / 2 );"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r140555418">.mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello{width:100%;line-height:25px;border:1px solid #CCF;background-color:#F0EEFF;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello-progetto{background-color:#FAFAFA}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello{background-color:#202122;border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello-progetto{background-color:#282929}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello{background-color:#202122;border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello-progetto{background-color:#282929}}</style><div class="itwiki-template-occhiello"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Crystal_Clear_app_Login_Manager.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Biografie"><img alt=" " src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Crystal_Clear_app_Login_Manager.svg/25px-Crystal_Clear_app_Login_Manager.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Crystal_Clear_app_Login_Manager.svg/38px-Crystal_Clear_app_Login_Manager.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Crystal_Clear_app_Login_Manager.svg/50px-Crystal_Clear_app_Login_Manager.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Portale:Biografie" title="Portale:Biografie">Portale Biografie</a></b></div></div><div style="flex-basis: calc( 100% / 2 - 8px / 2 );"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r140555418"><div class="itwiki-template-occhiello"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cold_War_Map_1980.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Guerra fredda"><img alt=" " src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Cold_War_Map_1980.svg/25px-Cold_War_Map_1980.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Cold_War_Map_1980.svg/38px-Cold_War_Map_1980.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Cold_War_Map_1980.svg/50px-Cold_War_Map_1980.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="940" data-file-height="477" /></a></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Portale:Guerra_fredda" title="Portale:Guerra fredda">Portale Guerra fredda</a></b></div></div><div style="flex-basis: calc( 100% / 2 - 8px / 2 );"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r140555418"><div class="itwiki-template-occhiello"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nuvola_apps_bookcase.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Letteratura"><img alt=" " src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Nuvola_apps_bookcase.svg/25px-Nuvola_apps_bookcase.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Nuvola_apps_bookcase.svg/38px-Nuvola_apps_bookcase.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Nuvola_apps_bookcase.svg/50px-Nuvola_apps_bookcase.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Portale:Letteratura" title="Portale:Letteratura">Portale Letteratura</a></b></div></div><div style="flex-basis: calc( 100% / 2 - 8px / 2 );"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r140555418"><div class="itwiki-template-occhiello"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Italian_Parliament_yellow.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Politica"><img alt=" " src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Italian_Parliament_yellow.svg/25px-Italian_Parliament_yellow.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Italian_Parliament_yellow.svg/38px-Italian_Parliament_yellow.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Italian_Parliament_yellow.svg/50px-Italian_Parliament_yellow.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="332" data-file-height="237" /></a></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Portale:Politica" title="Portale:Politica">Portale Politica</a></b></div></div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Estratto da "<a dir="ltr" href="https://it.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Adam_Michnik&oldid=135506004">https://it.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Adam_Michnik&oldid=135506004</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Categorie" title="Categoria:Categorie">Categorie</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Saggisti_polacchi" title="Categoria:Saggisti polacchi">Saggisti polacchi</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Editori_polacchi" title="Categoria:Editori polacchi">Editori polacchi</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Politici_polacchi_del_XX_secolo" title="Categoria:Politici polacchi del XX secolo">Politici polacchi del XX secolo</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Politici_polacchi_del_XXI_secolo" title="Categoria:Politici polacchi del XXI secolo">Politici polacchi del XXI secolo</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Saggisti_del_XX_secolo" title="Categoria:Saggisti del XX secolo">Saggisti del XX secolo</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Saggisti_del_XXI_secolo" title="Categoria:Saggisti del XXI secolo">Saggisti del XXI secolo</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Nati_nel_1946" title="Categoria:Nati nel 1946">Nati nel 1946</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Nati_il_17_ottobre" title="Categoria:Nati il 17 ottobre">Nati il 17 ottobre</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Nati_a_Varsavia" title="Categoria:Nati a Varsavia">Nati a Varsavia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Anticomunisti_polacchi" title="Categoria:Anticomunisti polacchi">Anticomunisti polacchi</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Direttori_di_periodici" title="Categoria:Direttori di periodici">Direttori di periodici</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Dissidenti_polacchi" title="Categoria:Dissidenti polacchi">Dissidenti polacchi</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Parlamentari_polacchi" title="Categoria:Parlamentari polacchi">Parlamentari polacchi</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:World_Press_Freedom_Heroes" title="Categoria:World Press Freedom Heroes">World Press Freedom Heroes</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Vincitori_del_Premio_Erasmo" title="Categoria:Vincitori del Premio Erasmo">Vincitori del Premio Erasmo</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Categorie nascoste: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Persone_viventi" title="Categoria:Persone viventi">Persone viventi</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:BioBot" title="Categoria:BioBot">BioBot</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Collegamento_interprogetto_a_Wikimedia_Commons_presente_ma_assente_su_Wikidata" title="Categoria:Collegamento interprogetto a Wikimedia Commons presente ma assente su Wikidata">Collegamento interprogetto a Wikimedia Commons presente ma assente su Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:P3762_letta_da_Wikidata" title="Categoria:P3762 letta da Wikidata">P3762 letta da Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:P648_letta_da_Wikidata" title="Categoria:P648 letta da Wikidata">P648 letta da Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Voci_con_codice_VIAF" title="Categoria:Voci con codice VIAF">Voci con codice VIAF</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Voci_con_codice_ISNI" title="Categoria:Voci con codice ISNI">Voci con codice ISNI</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Voci_con_codice_SBN_(nomi)" title="Categoria:Voci con codice SBN (nomi)">Voci con codice SBN (nomi)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Voci_con_codice_LCCN" title="Categoria:Voci con codice LCCN">Voci con codice LCCN</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Voci_con_codice_GND" title="Categoria:Voci con codice GND">Voci con codice GND</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Voci_con_codice_BNE" title="Categoria:Voci con codice BNE">Voci con codice BNE</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Voci_con_codice_BNF" title="Categoria:Voci con codice BNF">Voci con codice BNF</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Voci_con_codice_J9U" title="Categoria:Voci con codice J9U">Voci con codice J9U</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Voci_con_codice_NSK" title="Categoria:Voci con codice NSK">Voci con codice NSK</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Voci_con_codice_NDL" title="Categoria:Voci con codice NDL">Voci con codice NDL</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Voci_con_codice_CONOR.SI" title="Categoria:Voci con codice CONOR.SI">Voci con codice CONOR.SI</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Voci_biografiche_con_codici_di_controllo_di_autorit%C3%A0" title="Categoria:Voci biografiche con codici di controllo di autorità">Voci biografiche con codici di controllo di autorità</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Questa pagina è stata modificata per l'ultima volta il 17 set 2023 alle 07:54.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Il testo è disponibile secondo la <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.it">licenza Creative Commons Attribuzione-Condividi allo stesso modo</a>; possono applicarsi condizioni ulteriori. Vedi le <a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use/it">condizioni d'uso</a> per i dettagli.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy/it">Informativa sulla privacy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Sala_stampa/Wikipedia">Informazioni su Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Avvertenze_generali">Avvertenze</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Codice di condotta</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Sviluppatori</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/it.wikipedia.org">Statistiche</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Dichiarazione sui cookie</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//it.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Adam_Michnik&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Versione mobile</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-7949fc649b-p9hlw","wgBackendResponseTime":165,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.589","walltime":"1.137","ppvisitednodes":{"value":5026,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":64264,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":5407,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":9,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":21,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":10198,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":25,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 984.453 1 -total"," 60.95% 600.017 1 Template:Collegamenti_esterni"," 18.28% 179.984 1 Template:Bio"," 7.63% 75.134 1 Template:Premio_Erasmo"," 7.56% 74.408 2 Template:Navbox"," 5.42% 53.393 1 Template:Portale"," 3.27% 32.218 1 Template:Interprogetto"," 3.14% 30.883 4 Template:Icona_argomento"," 2.01% 19.828 1 Template:Controllo_di_autorità"," 0.64% 6.333 1 Template:Premio_Dan_David"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.428","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":6547721,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.eqiad.main-67456955cd-fxsfb","timestamp":"20241121134107","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Adam Michnik","url":"https:\/\/it.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Adam_Michnik","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q163714","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q163714","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributori ai progetti Wikimedia"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2009-01-20T18:28:04Z","dateModified":"2023-09-17T06:54:25Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/3\/30\/AdamMichnik01Mar2006.jpg","headline":"saggista, editore e politico polacco"}</script> </body> </html>