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class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Kis binon-li filosop?</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kis_binon-li_filosop?-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Siäm_e_mods_filosopama" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Siäm_e_mods_filosopama"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Siäm e mods filosopama</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Siäm_e_mods_filosopama-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Metods" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Metods"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Metods</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Metods-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Jenotem_filosopa:_suemod_e_nolav" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Jenotem_filosopa:_suemod_e_nolav"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Jenotem filosopa: suemod e nolav</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Jenotem_filosopa:_suemod_e_nolav-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Jenotem filosopa: suemod e nolav subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Jenotem_filosopa:_suemod_e_nolav-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Dö_suemod" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dö_suemod"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Dö suemod</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dö_suemod-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nolav_ed_oksuem_filosopa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nolav_ed_oksuem_filosopa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Nolav ed oksuem filosopa</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nolav_ed_oksuem_filosopa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Jäfüds_filosopa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Jäfüds_filosopa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Jäfüds filosopa</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Jäfüds_filosopa-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Jäfüds filosopa subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Jäfüds_filosopa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Filosop_teorik" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Filosop_teorik"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Filosop teorik</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Filosop_teorik-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Tikav" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tikav"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.1</span> <span>Tikav</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tikav-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sevikrüt_e_sevateor" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sevikrüt_e_sevateor"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.2</span> <span>Sevikrüt e sevateor</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sevikrüt_e_sevateor-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nolavafilosop" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nolavafilosop"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.3</span> <span>Nolavafilosop</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nolavafilosop-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Metafüd_e_dabinav" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Metafüd_e_dabinav"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.4</span> <span>Metafüd e dabinav</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Metafüd_e_dabinav-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pükafilosop" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pükafilosop"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.5</span> <span>Pükafilosop</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pükafilosop-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Filosop_plagik" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Filosop_plagik"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Filosop plagik</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Filosop_plagik-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Südav_e_metasüdav" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Südav_e_metasüdav"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.1</span> <span>Südav e metasüdav</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Südav_e_metasüdav-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gitafilosop" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gitafilosop"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.2</span> <span>Gitafilosop</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gitafilosop-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bolitafilosop" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bolitafilosop"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.3</span> <span>Bolitafilosop</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bolitafilosop-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Jäfüds_nulikum" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Jäfüds_nulikum"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Jäfüds nulikum</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Jäfüds_nulikum-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Filosop_tikäla_e_seveda" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Filosop_tikäla_e_seveda"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3.1</span> <span>Filosop tikäla e seveda</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Filosop_tikäla_e_seveda-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Menav_filosopik_nulädik" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Menav_filosopik_nulädik"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3.2</span> <span>Menav filosopik nulädik</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Menav_filosopik_nulädik-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3.3</span> <span></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc--sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Müster_filosopik" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Müster_filosopik"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3.4</span> <span>Müster filosopik</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Müster_filosopik-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Literat" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Literat"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Literat</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Literat-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Ninäd" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Filosop</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 235 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-235" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">püks 235</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalam" title="Kalam – Acehnese" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Kalam" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="Acehnese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filosofie" title="Filosofie – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Filosofie" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philosophie" title="Philosophie – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Philosophie" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8D%8D%E1%88%8D%E1%88%B5%E1%8D%8D%E1%8A%93" title="ፍልስፍና – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ፍልስፍና" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filosof%C3%ADa" title="Filosofía – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Filosofía" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%AA%C3%B0witegung" title="Ūðwitegung – Old English" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Ūðwitegung" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Old English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%A8" title="दर्शन – Angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="दर्शन" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="Angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%81%D8%A9" title="فلسفة – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="فلسفة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%81%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%81%D8%A9" title="لفلسفة – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="لفلسفة" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%81%D9%87" title="فلسفه – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="فلسفه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%A8" title="দৰ্শন – Assamese" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="দৰ্শন" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filosof%C3%ADa" title="Filosofía – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Filosofía" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Философия – Avaric" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Философия" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="Avaric" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trakopa" title="Trakopa – Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Trakopa" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%A8" title="दर्शन – Awadhi" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="दर्शन" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="Awadhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lup%27intawi" title="Lup'intawi – Aymara" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Lup'intawi" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="Aymara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aymar aru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C9%99ls%C9%99f%C9%99" title="Fəlsəfə – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Fəlsəfə" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%81%D9%87" title="فلسفه – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="فلسفه" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D3%99%D0%BB%D1%81%D3%99%D1%84%D3%99" title="Фәлсәфә – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Фәлсәфә" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filsafat" title="Filsafat – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Filsafat" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philosophie" title="Philosophie – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Philosophie" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filosuop%C4%97j%C4%97" title="Filosuopėjė – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Filosuopėjė" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pilosopiya" title="Pilosopiya – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Pilosopiya" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%96%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Філасофія – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Філасофія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%B7%D0%BE%D1%84%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Філязофія – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Філязофія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pilsapat" title="Pilsapat – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Pilsapat" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Философия – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Философия" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%A8" title="दर्शन – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="दर्शन" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bi mw-list-item"><a href="https://bi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filosofi" title="Filosofi – Bislama" lang="bi" hreflang="bi" data-title="Filosofi" data-language-autonym="Bislama" data-language-local-name="Bislama" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bislama</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-blk mw-list-item"><a href="https://blk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9E%E1%80%98%E1%80%AC%E1%80%9D%E1%80%90%E1%80%B9%E1%80%91%E1%80%97%E1%80%B1%E1%80%92" title="သဘာဝတ္ထဗေဒ – Pa'O" lang="blk" hreflang="blk" data-title="သဘာဝတ္ထဗေဒ" data-language-autonym="ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ" data-language-local-name="Pa'O" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%A8" title="দর্শন – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="দর্শন" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%98%E0%BD%9A%E0%BD%93%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%89%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%91%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%82%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%94%E0%BC%8D" title="མཚན་ཉིད་རིག་པ། – Tibetan" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="མཚན་ཉིད་རིག་པ།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibetan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prederouriezh" title="Prederouriezh – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Prederouriezh" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filozofija" title="Filozofija – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Filozofija" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filsafat" title="Filsafat – Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Filsafat" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Mandailing</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D2%AF%D0%BD_%D1%83%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Гүн ухаан – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Гүн ухаан" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filosofia" title="Filosofia – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Filosofia" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Di%C3%A9k-h%C5%8Fk" title="Diék-hŏk – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Diék-hŏk" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8" title="Философи – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Философи" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pilosopiya" title="Pilosopiya – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Pilosopiya" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8E%A4%E1%8F%AC%E1%8E%B3%E1%8F%A8%E1%8E%AF" title="ᎤᏬᎳᏨᎯ – Cherokee" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᎤᏬᎳᏨᎯ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="Cherokee" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᏣᎳᎩ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%DB%95%D9%84%D8%B3%DB%95%D9%81%DB%95" title="فەلسەفە – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="فەلسەفە" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filosofia" title="Filosofia – Corsican" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Filosofia" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Corsican" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filozofie" title="Filozofie – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Filozofie" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filozofij%C3%B4" title="Filozofijô – Kashubian" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Filozofijô" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="Kashubian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8" title="Философи – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Философи" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Athroniaeth" title="Athroniaeth – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Athroniaeth" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filosofi" title="Filosofi – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Filosofi" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="yegeds gudik"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philosophie" title="Philosophie – Deutänapük" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Philosophie" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Deutänapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Felsefe" title="Felsefe – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Felsefe" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dtp mw-list-item"><a href="https://dtp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Falsafah" title="Falsafah – Central Dusun" lang="dtp" hreflang="dtp" data-title="Falsafah" data-language-autonym="Kadazandusun" data-language-local-name="Central Dusun" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kadazandusun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%A8" title="दर्शन – Doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="दर्शन" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="Doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>डोटेली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A6%CE%B9%CE%BB%CE%BF%CF%83%CE%BF%CF%86%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Φιλοσοφία – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Φιλοσοφία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filosof%C3%AE" title="Filosofî – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Filosofî" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="yegeds gudik"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philosophy" title="Philosophy – Linglänapük" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Philosophy" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Linglänapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filozofio" title="Filozofio – Sperantapük" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Filozofio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Sperantapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filosof%C3%ADa" title="Filosofía – Spanyänapük" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Filosofía" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanyänapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filosoofia" title="Filosoofia – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Filosoofia" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filosofia" title="Filosofia – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Filosofia" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filosofia" title="Filosofia – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Filosofia" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%81%D9%87" title="فلسفه – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="فلسفه" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filosofia" title="Filosofia – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Filosofia" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filosoofia" title="Filosoofia – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Filosoofia" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filosofi" title="Filosofi – Fijian" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Filosofi" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="Fijian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heimspeki" title="Heimspeki – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Heimspeki" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philosophie" title="Philosophie – Fransänapük" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Philosophie" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Fransänapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filosofia" title="Filosofia – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Filosofia" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filosofii" title="Filosofii – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Filosofii" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filosofie" title="Filosofie – Friulian" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Filosofie" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="Friulian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filosofy" title="Filosofy – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Filosofy" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feals%C3%BAnacht" title="Fealsúnacht – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Fealsúnacht" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%B8" title="哲學 – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="哲學" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filozofi" title="Filozofi – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Filozofi" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feallsanachd" title="Feallsanachd – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Feallsanachd" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filosof%C3%ADa" title="Filosofía – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Filosofía" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arandupykuaaty" title="Arandupykuaaty – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Arandupykuaaty" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-got mw-list-item"><a href="https://got.wikipedia.org/wiki/%F0%90%8D%86%F0%90%8D%82%F0%90%8D%89%F0%90%8C%B3%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%BB%F0%90%8C%BF%F0%90%8C%B1%F0%90%8D%89" title="𐍆𐍂𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌻𐌿𐌱𐍉 – Gothic" lang="got" hreflang="got" data-title="𐍆𐍂𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌻𐌿𐌱𐍉" data-language-autonym="𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺" data-language-local-name="Gothic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-guc mw-list-item"><a href="https://guc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piloosopia" title="Piloosopia – Wayuu" lang="guc" hreflang="guc" data-title="Piloosopia" data-language-autonym="Wayuunaiki" data-language-local-name="Wayuu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wayuunaiki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fallsoonys" title="Fallsoonys – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Fallsoonys" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Falsafa" title="Falsafa – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Falsafa" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chet-ho%CC%8Dk" title="Chet-ho̍k – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Chet-ho̍k" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%A1%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%94" title="פילוסופיה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פילוסופיה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="दर्शनशास्त्र – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="दर्शनशास्त्र" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philosophy" title="Philosophy – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Philosophy" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="yegeds gudik"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filozofija" title="Filozofija – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Filozofija" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filozofi" title="Filozofi – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Filozofi" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filoz%C3%B3fia" title="Filozófia – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Filozófia" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%93%D5%AB%D5%AC%D5%AB%D5%BD%D5%B8%D6%83%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Փիլիսոփայություն – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Փիլիսոփայություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%93%D5%AB%D5%AC%D5%AB%D5%BD%D5%B8%D6%83%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%AB%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Փիլիսոփայութիւն – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Փիլիսոփայութիւն" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philosophia" title="Philosophia – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Philosophia" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filsafat" title="Filsafat – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Filsafat" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filosofie" title="Filosofie – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Filosofie" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81k%E1%BB%8D_na_Uche" title="Ákọ na Uche – Igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Ákọ na Uche" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="Igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pilosopia" title="Pilosopia – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Pilosopia" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8" title="Философи – Ingush" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Философи" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="Ingush" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filozofio" title="Filozofio – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Filozofio" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="yegeds gudik"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heimspeki" title="Heimspeki – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Heimspeki" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filosofia" title="Filosofia – Litaliyänapük" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Filosofia" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Litaliyänapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iu mw-list-item"><a href="https://iu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%90%83%E1%93%B1%E1%92%AA%E1%93%95%E1%90%85%E1%95%90%E1%93%82%E1%96%85" title="ᐃᓱᒪᓕᐅᕐᓂᖅ – Inuktitut" lang="iu" hreflang="iu" data-title="ᐃᓱᒪᓕᐅᕐᓂᖅ" data-language-autonym="ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut" data-language-local-name="Inuktitut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%A6" title="哲学 – Yapänapük" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="哲学" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Yapänapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filasafi" title="Filasafi – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Filasafi" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/pijyske" title="pijyske – Lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="pijyske" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="Lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filsafat" title="Filsafat – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Filsafat" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="ფილოსოფია – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ფილოსოფია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filosofiya" title="Filosofiya – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Filosofiya" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tafelsaft" title="Tafelsaft – Kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Tafelsaft" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filozofii" title="Filozofii – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Filozofii" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lyenfilosofi" title="Lyenfilosofi – Tyap" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="Lyenfilosofi" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="Tyap" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Философия – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Философия" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kl mw-list-item"><a href="https://kl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inuunerup_isumalerineq" title="Inuunerup isumalerineq – Kalaallisut" lang="kl" hreflang="kl" data-title="Inuunerup isumalerineq" data-language-autonym="Kalaallisut" data-language-local-name="Kalaallisut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kalaallisut</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%91%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%93%E1%9E%9C%E1%9E%B7%E1%9E%87%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%87%E1%9E%B6" title="ទស្សនវិជ្ជា – Khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ទស្សនវិជ្ជា" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%A4%E0%B2%A4%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A4%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%B6%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A4%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0" title="ತತ್ತ್ವಶಾಸ್ತ್ರ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ತತ್ತ್ವಶಾಸ್ತ್ರ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%B2%A0%ED%95%99" title="철학 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="철학" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Felsefe" title="Felsefe – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Felsefe" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filosofieth" title="Filosofieth – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Filosofieth" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Философия – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Философия" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philosophia" title="Philosophia – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Philosophia" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filosofia" title="Filosofia – Ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Filosofia" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="Ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philosophie" title="Philosophie – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Philosophie" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Философия – Lezghian" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Философия" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="Lezghian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filosofia" title="Filosofia – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Filosofia" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filosofie" title="Filosofie – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Filosofie" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filozof%C3%AEa" title="Filozofîa – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Filozofîa" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filosofia" title="Filosofia – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Filosofia" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filusufia" title="Filusufia – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Filusufia" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%9B%E0%BA%B1%E0%BA%94%E0%BA%8A%E0%BA%B0%E0%BA%8D%E0%BA%B2" title="ປັດຊະຍາ – Lao" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ປັດຊະຍາ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="Lao" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filosofija" title="Filosofija – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Filosofija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filozofija" title="Filozofija – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Filozofija" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%A8" title="दर्शन – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="दर्शन" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fil%C3%B4z%C3%B4fia" title="Filôzôfia – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Filôzôfia" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Философий – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Философий" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Филозофија – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Филозофија" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%82" title="തത്ത്വശാസ്ത്രം – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="തത്ത്വശാസ്ത്രം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D2%AF%D0%BD_%D1%83%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Гүн ухаан – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Гүн ухаан" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%8B%EA%AF%A5%EA%AF%A1%EA%AF%8E%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A3%EA%AF%9F" title="ꯋꯥꯡꯎꯂꯣꯟ – Manipuri" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯋꯥꯡꯎꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="Manipuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="तत्त्वज्ञान – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="तत्त्वज्ञान" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Falsafah" title="Falsafah – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Falsafah" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filosofija" title="Filosofija – Maltese" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Filosofija" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Maltese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filosofie" title="Filosofie – Mirandese" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Filosofie" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="Mirandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%92%E1%80%BF%E1%80%94%E1%80%AD%E1%80%80%E1%80%97%E1%80%B1%E1%80%92" title="ဒဿနိကဗေဒ – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဒဿနိကဗေဒ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%80%D1%8F%D0%BC%D0%BE_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8C_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE" title="Эрямо койтнень содамо – Erzya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Эрямо койтнень содамо" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="Erzya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%81%D9%87" title="فلسفه – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="فلسفه" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philosophie" title="Philosophie – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Philosophie" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filesefie" title="Filesefie – Low Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Filesefie" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Low Saxon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%A8" title="दर्शन – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="दर्शन" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%A8" title="दर्शन – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="दर्शन" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nia mw-list-item"><a href="https://nia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filosofi" title="Filosofi – Nias" lang="nia" hreflang="nia" data-title="Filosofi" data-language-autonym="Li Niha" data-language-local-name="Nias" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Li Niha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filosofie" title="Filosofie – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Filosofie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filosofi" title="Filosofi – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Filosofi" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filosofi" title="Filosofi – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Filosofi" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filosofia" title="Filosofia – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Filosofia" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nqo mw-list-item"><a href="https://nqo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DF%A5%DF%98%DF%8B%DF%AC%DF%A5%DF%98%DF%8B%DF%AC%DF%9F%DF%8C" title="ߥߘߋ߬ߥߘߋ߬ߟߌ – N’Ko" lang="nqo" hreflang="nqo" data-title="ߥߘߋ߬ߥߘߋ߬ߟߌ" data-language-autonym="ߒߞߏ" data-language-local-name="N’Ko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ߒߞߏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philosophie" title="Philosophie – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Philosophie" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filosofia" title="Filosofia – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Filosofia" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filosoufii" title="Filosoufii – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Filosoufii" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Falaasama" title="Falaasama – Oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Falaasama" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="Oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%A8" title="ਦਰਸ਼ਨ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਦਰਸ਼ਨ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pag mw-list-item"><a href="https://pag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filosofiya" title="Filosofiya – Pangasinan" lang="pag" hreflang="pag" data-title="Filosofiya" data-language-autonym="Pangasinan" data-language-local-name="Pangasinan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pangasinan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filosofia" title="Filosofia – Papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Filosofia" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filosofie" title="Filosofie – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Filosofie" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pfl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pfl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philosophie" title="Philosophie – Palatine German" lang="pfl" hreflang="pfl" data-title="Philosophie" data-language-autonym="Pälzisch" data-language-local-name="Palatine German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pälzisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filozofia" title="Filozofia – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Filozofia" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filosof%C3%ACa" title="Filosofìa – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Filosofìa" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%81%DB%8C" title="فلاسفی – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="فلاسفی" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A6%CE%B9%CE%BB%CE%BF%CF%83%CE%BF%CF%86%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Φιλοσοφία – Pontic" lang="pnt" hreflang="pnt" data-title="Φιλοσοφία" data-language-autonym="Ποντιακά" data-language-local-name="Pontic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ποντιακά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%81%D9%87" title="فلسفه – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="فلسفه" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filosofia" title="Filosofia – Portugänapük" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Filosofia" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugänapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yachay_wayllukuy" title="Yachay wayllukuy – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Yachay wayllukuy" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filosofia" title="Filosofia – Romansh" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Filosofia" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="Romansh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filosofie" title="Filosofie – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Filosofie" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filosofia" title="Filosofia – Aromanian" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Filosofia" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="Aromanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Философия – Rusänapük" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Философия" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Rusänapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%96%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BE%D1%84%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Філозофія – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Філозофія" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filozofi" title="Filozofi – Kinyarwanda" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Filozofi" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="Kinyarwanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikinyarwanda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="yegeds gudik"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D" title="तत्त्वज्ञानम् – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="तत्त्वज्ञानम्" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Философия – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Философия" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filosofia" title="Filosofia – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Filosofia" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filusuf%C3%ACa" title="Filusufìa – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Filusufìa" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philosophy" title="Philosophy – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Philosophy" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%81%D9%88" title="فلسفو – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="فلسفو" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filosofiija" title="Filosofiija – Northern Sami" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Filosofiija" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Northern Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sg mw-list-item"><a href="https://sg.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%AAnd%C3%A2ndar%C3%A4" title="Sêndândarä – Sango" lang="sg" hreflang="sg" data-title="Sêndândarä" data-language-autonym="Sängö" data-language-local-name="Sango" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sängö</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filozofija" title="Filozofija – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Filozofija" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taflsuft" title="Taflsuft – Tachelhit" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Taflsuft" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="Tachelhit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%AF%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8A%E0%B7%81%E0%B6%B1%E0%B6%BA" title="දර්ශනය – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="දර්ශනය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philosophy" title="Philosophy – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Philosophy" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filozofia" title="Filozofia – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Filozofia" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-skr mw-list-item"><a href="https://skr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%81%DB%81" title="فلسفہ – Saraiki" lang="skr" hreflang="skr" data-title="فلسفہ" data-language-autonym="سرائیکی" data-language-local-name="Saraiki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سرائیکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filozofija" title="Filozofija – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Filozofija" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ugondamano" title="Ugondamano – Shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Ugondamano" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murtimaal" title="Murtimaal – Somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Murtimaal" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filozofia" title="Filozofia – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Filozofia" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Филозофија – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Филозофија" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-srn mw-list-item"><a href="https://srn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sabi_fu_denki" title="Sabi fu denki – Sranan Tongo" lang="srn" hreflang="srn" data-title="Sabi fu denki" data-language-autonym="Sranantongo" data-language-local-name="Sranan Tongo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sranantongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-st mw-list-item"><a href="https://st.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filosofi" title="Filosofi – Southern Sotho" lang="st" hreflang="st" data-title="Filosofi" data-language-autonym="Sesotho" data-language-local-name="Southern Sotho" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philosophie" title="Philosophie – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Philosophie" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filsafat" title="Filsafat – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Filsafat" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filosofi" title="Filosofi – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Filosofi" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Falsafa" title="Falsafa – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Falsafa" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D" title="மெய்யியல் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மெய்யியல்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%82" title="తత్వం – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="తత్వం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tet mw-list-item"><a href="https://tet.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filisofia" title="Filisofia – Tetum" lang="tet" hreflang="tet" data-title="Filisofia" data-language-autonym="Tetun" data-language-local-name="Tetum" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tetun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B0" title="Фалсафа – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Фалсафа" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%B2" title="ปรัชญา – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ปรัชญา" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filosofi%C3%BDa" title="Filosofiýa – Turkmen" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Filosofiýa" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pilosopiya" title="Pilosopiya – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Pilosopiya" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C9%99ls%C9%99f%C9%99" title="Fəlsəfə – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Fəlsəfə" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pilosopi" title="Pilosopi – Tok Pisin" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="Pilosopi" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="Tok Pisin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tok Pisin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Felsefe" title="Felsefe – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Felsefe" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ts mw-list-item"><a href="https://ts.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ntivo-vuhleketi" title="Ntivo-vuhleketi – Tsonga" lang="ts" hreflang="ts" data-title="Ntivo-vuhleketi" data-language-autonym="Xitsonga" data-language-local-name="Tsonga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Xitsonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D3%99%D0%BB%D1%81%D3%99%D1%84%D3%99" title="Фәлсәфә – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Фәлсәфә" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Философия – Tuvinian" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="Философия" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="Tuvinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тыва дыл</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%DB%95%D9%84%D8%B3%DB%95%D9%BE%DB%95" title="پەلسەپە – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="پەلسەپە" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%96%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Філософія – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Філософія" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%81%DB%81" title="فلسفہ – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="فلسفہ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="yegeds gudik"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Falsafa" title="Falsafa – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Falsafa" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fi%C5%82ozofia" title="Fiłozofia – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Fiłozofia" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filosofii" title="Filosofii – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Filosofii" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="yegeds gudik"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tri%E1%BA%BFt_h%E1%BB%8Dc" title="Triết học – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Triết học" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filozofeye" title="Filozofeye – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Filozofeye" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filosofiya" title="Filosofiya – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Filosofiya" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xeltu" title="Xeltu – Wolof" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Xeltu" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="Wolof" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%B8" title="哲學 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="哲學" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ifilosofi" title="Ifilosofi – Xhosa" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="Ifilosofi" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="Xhosa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiXhosa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="ფილოსოფია – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ფილოსოფია" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%90%D7%A1%D7%90%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%A2" title="פילאסאפיע – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="פילאסאפיע" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Cm%C3%B2ye" title="Ìmòye – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Ìmòye" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cwzyoz" title="Cwzyoz – Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Cwzyoz" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filosofie" title="Filosofie – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Filosofie" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B5%9C%E2%B4%B0%E2%B4%BC%E2%B5%8D%E2%B5%99%E2%B5%93%E2%B4%BC%E2%B5%9C" title="ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵙⵓⴼⵜ – Standard Moroccan Tamazight" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵙⵓⴼⵜ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="Standard Moroccan Tamazight" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%A6" title="哲学 – Tsyinänapük" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="哲学" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Tsyinänapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%80%9A%E5%B9%BE" title="通幾 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="通幾" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiat-ha%CC%8Dk" title="Tiat-ha̍k – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Tiat-ha̍k" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%B8" title="哲學 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="哲學" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" 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class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Logot"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Logot</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">Klänedön</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Se Vükiped: sikloped libik</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="vo" dir="ltr"><figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ragiv:Auguste_Rodin_-_Grubleren_2005-02.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Auguste_Rodin_-_Grubleren_2005-02.jpg/250px-Auguste_Rodin_-_Grubleren_2005-02.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="324" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Auguste_Rodin_-_Grubleren_2005-02.jpg/375px-Auguste_Rodin_-_Grubleren_2005-02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Auguste_Rodin_-_Grubleren_2005-02.jpg/500px-Auguste_Rodin_-_Grubleren_2005-02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1476" data-file-height="1915" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=Auguste_Rodin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Auguste Rodin (pad no dabinon)">Auguste Rodin</a>: „<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tikan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tikan (pad no dabinon)">Tikan</a>“ (1880-82), se el Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek in <a href="/wiki/K%C3%B8benhavn" title="København">København</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Filosop</b> (se Vöna⸗Grikänapük: <i>φιλοσοφία</i>, sinifü „sapilöf“), distü <a href="/wiki/Nolav" title="Nolav">nolavs</a>, no labon studadomeni gudiko pemiedetöli. In valem kanoy lelogön oni as töbid ad kontrolön u fümükön tikami ön mod krütik ä tikävik, as vätälam metodik, kel lüodikon buo lü plänäd valemik levala e dabina menik. Steifül alik ad miedetön suemodi: „filosop“ u studadomeni ona binon ya bal yegädas filosopa it. </p><p>Prim tikama filosopik Vesüdäna, ün tumyel 6id b. K., malon i daved jenotem tikäla yuropik. Me filosop e <a href="/wiki/Matemat" title="Matemat">matemat</a> vöniks, distü levalilogam netikälik miteoda, tikam menik sitöfik ä nolaviko ävolföl äjonon oki. Ünü tumyels, jäfüds e metods difik volivestigama e nolavas ädavedons se filosop ed ädistükons okis de ods. </p><p>Do vöd: „filosop“ licinon in vönaoleikod vesüdik, pösods mödik in jenotem kulivas votik ebejäfons yegädis sümik ön mods sümik. Filosopans lofüdäna pabespikons in yeged: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Filosop_lof%C3%BCd%C3%A4na&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Filosop lofüdäna (pad no dabinon)">Filosop lofüdäna</a>; filosopans Nolüda⸗Frikop e Smala⸗Siyop ye palecedons as lü filosop vesüdik dutöls, ibä äkosädons kösömiko ko Yurop. </p><p>As zänajäfüds filosopa kanons palecedön <b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tikav&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tikav (pad no dabinon)">tikav</a></b> (o. b. nolav tikama verätik), <b><a href="/w/index.php?title=S%C3%BCdav&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Südav (pad no dabinon)">südav</a></b> (o. b. nolav dunama verätik) e <b><a href="/wiki/Metaf%C3%BCd" title="Metafüd">metafüd</a></b> (o. b. nolav kodas balid dabina e lejenöfa). Lä ats kanon paläükön i <b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sevav&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sevav (pad no dabinon)">sevav</a></b>, kel bejäfon valemo mögi e modi sevidageta, e patiko modis sevidageta nolava alik (a. s. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Filosop_jenava&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Filosop jenava (pad no dabinon)">filosop jenava</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Filosop_matemata&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Filosop matemata (pad no dabinon)">filosop matemata</a> e r.). Atimo säkäds veütik ä nitediks padöbatons fa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Filosop_tik%C3%A4la&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Filosop tikäla (pad no dabinon)">filosop tikäla</a> e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Menav_filosopik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Menav filosopik (pad no dabinon)">menav filosopik</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Nüdugot"><span id="N.C3.BCdugot"></span>Nüdugot</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Filosop&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Redakolöd dilädi: Nüdugot" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redakön</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> • </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Filosop&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Nüdugot"><span>redakön fonäti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Dabinons säkäds, kels no kanons pabevobön te yufü nolavs „kösömik“: säks tefü gud e bad, tefü sinif gida, tefü dabin Goda e lana menik nedeadöfik, tefü siäm lifa. Klad pluik säkas leigo no kanon pavestigön te fa nolavs. As sam, lifav fe vestigon voli e binodi liföla, ab no kanon fümetön „binäli“ liföla, no kanon lonön, va e ven lifafoms dalons padeidön, e no kanon jonön, gitätis e sötis kisikis lif davedükon. Yufü <a href="/wiki/F%C3%BCs%C3%BCd" title="Füsüd">füsüd</a> e <a href="/wiki/Matemat" title="Matemat">matemat</a> nataloneds kanons fe panotodön, ab säki, va nat binon vo lonedilabik, nolav nonik kanon gespikön. Gitav kanon vestigön e jonön, va bos jenon baiädü lonem, ab no lonülön, ninäd kisik söton dutön lü lonem. Fino dabinons säkäds, kels topons lä mied tikama, soäs säk, va lejenöf nu fa pösod alik pabeliföl jenöfo dabinon. Ön jenets at plänamods nolavas valik dufalons; säkäds tefik binons binälo <i>filosopiks</i>. </p><p>Ya bü milyels tel filosopan Vöna⸗Grikänik: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Plato&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Plato (pad no dabinon)">Plato</a> änotodom dotis tefü mag, keli mens älabons dö oks e dö leval. Me <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lekevaparab&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lekevaparab (pad no dabinon)">lekevaparab</a></i> famik okik,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ävilom tikodükön, bevü votiks, dö mieds daseva e sienafäga mena nomik. Atan seadon kobü kemens okik in lekav, kö valans so pejänädons, das kanons logedön te lekevavöli fo oks. Lit pagivon fa fil, kel topon in lekev fago po mens. Vü fil e mens topon (leigo po mens) yegs difik papolons e pamüfons, kelas jads su lekevavöl palelogons fa mens as yegs veratik. Vögs e noids pödao jinons leigo lü mens as fa jads pakodöls. Me dinäd at hiel Plato leigodon lejenöfi kösömik obsik plödü lekev, kö sol stralon, e so jonon, kikodo filosopans dotons tefü verat e kurat sienafäga menik. </p><p>Filosop bejäfon ledino dinajenädis, kels nomiko jinons klüliks: „sötol no deidön“, „demokrat binon gudikün reigamodas valik“, “verat binon utos, kelos blöfovon„, “vol binon utos valik, kelos topon in leval„, u “tiks binons libiks„. Pas ven pö lesets at utos dotikon, kelos iblebon nesäkädik, davedon filosop. Mens, lü kels nos jinon binön dotik, neai rivons filosopi. Stunam, süpäd cilöfik, nekovenäl tefü vol u tefü ok it: val at kanon binön prim tikama filosopik. El Plato änotodom nuläli rigik at menas: </p> <blockquote><p>„Stunam binon lüäl mena, kel jenöfiko löfon sapi, ibä prim votik no dabinon pro filosop.“<br />P<small>LATO</small>, <i>Theaitetos</i> 155 D</p></blockquote> <p>ed i tidäb omik: <a href="/wiki/Aristoteles" title="Aristoteles">Aristoteles</a> äkonstatom: </p> <blockquote><p>„Stunam vöno - soäsä nog atimo - äkoedon menis befäjön filosopi.“<br />A<small>RISTOTELES</small>, <i>Metafüsüd</i> I 2, 982 b 12</p></blockquote> <p>Distü rels e grups relik, filosop pö bejäf e bevob säkas „filosopik“ löpo pemäniotölas stabon te su tikäl, o. b. blöfädam tikavik, kel flagon büocedis votik nonik (a. s. lekredi). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kis_binon-li_filosop?"><span id="Kis_binon-li_filosop.3F"></span>Kis binon-li filosop?</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Filosop&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Redakolöd dilädi: Kis binon-li filosop?" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redakön</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> • </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Filosop&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Kis binon-li filosop?"><span>redakön fonäti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ragiv:Europa-philosophen-1-800.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Europa-philosophen-1-800.png/250px-Europa-philosophen-1-800.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Europa-philosophen-1-800.png/375px-Europa-philosophen-1-800.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Europa-philosophen-1-800.png/500px-Europa-philosophen-1-800.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption>Lovelogam lomazifas filosopanas veütik anik in Yurop.</figcaption></figure> <p>„Filosop“ no kanon pemiedetön valemo, bi alan, kel bejäfon filosopi, völfon lecedi lönik dö din at. Sekü atos gespiks säke löpo penotodöle binons so mödiks, äs filosopans it. Hiel <a href="/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_von_Weizs%C3%A4cker" title="Carl Friedrich von Weizsäcker">Carl Friedrich von Weizsäcker</a> äsagom balna: „<i>Filosop binon nolav, dö kel no kanoy spikön nes ito bejäfön oni.“</i><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Lü bligäds filosopa dutons primo vestigam metodas, prinsipas e lonöfa sevidageta valasotik, äsi teorodas e blöfastabas nolavikas. Yumedü atos, filosop kanon pasuemön as prinsipanolav, ibä betikam e säkam filosopiks ai efluköfükons nolavis ed estütons volfami onsik. Filosop prodon säkis ut, kelas gespiki nolavs no (nog) kanons givön, bi gespik at no (nog) kanon patuvön te me sperimänts, kalkuls u vestigams votik me stums jünuik. Säkams sota at kanons ye dugön vestigami ini lüod nulik. Ön mod soik vestigasäks nulik padavedükons pö nolavs; kanoy kludo sagön, das filosop, se stanöp lönik oka, keblünon veütiko bumame teorodas nulik nolavas valik. </p><p>Töbids votik filosopa tefons leodükami sitöfik seva menik ad jäfön volädamagodi lölöfik keninükamü i völads, gitäts e söts menik. </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ragiv:Wither_-_Emblem_Wisdom.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Wither_-_Emblem_Wisdom.jpg/250px-Wither_-_Emblem_Wisdom.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="303" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Wither_-_Emblem_Wisdom.jpg/375px-Wither_-_Emblem_Wisdom.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/37/Wither_-_Emblem_Wisdom.jpg 2x" data-file-width="412" data-file-height="500" /></a><figcaption>Siämamäk sapa (1635), set latinik: „<i>S<small>APIENS</small> D<small>OMINABITUR</small> A<small>STRIS</small></i>“. Vödem sinifon, ma tradutam libik: „Utan, kel desiron sapi veratik, obinon reigan stelas valik.“</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Siäm_e_mods_filosopama"><span id="Si.C3.A4m_e_mods_filosopama"></span>Siäm e mods filosopama</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Filosop&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Redakolöd dilädi: Siäm e mods filosopama" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redakön</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> • </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Filosop&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Siäm e mods filosopama"><span>redakön fonäti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mens mödik jäfons me filosop frutü oks: ad suemön gudikumo okis e voli, in kel lifons; ad gevön stabi gudik duname e volädamagode oksikes. Utan, kel fefo filosopon, säkon säkis krütik vole zü ok dabinöle, e no kanon fasiliko papölükön u patölatön. Völfamamögod filosopa stabon su säkam sogädatefas e su bevobam tefasitas no kösömikas, äsi su tefädükam lesagas relas e nolavas. Lif nesekidik, fa ok it pelonöl, stabü tikav e vätäl lönik (<i>sapere aude!</i>) binon zeil filosopölanas mödik. </p><p>Pö filosopam stabü frut pösodik kanons padistidön ledino mods u lüäls tels: </p><p><i>Töbid ad volasap</i> söton gevön tikäle lüäli e sefäli pö dinäds plagik valik lifa e gönön fägi leodükama siämik vala nulik lükömöl. Nefäkükov tikäla dub jen su vol söton vobedön, dat täläkt kanon reigätälo belifön e bevobön dinädis valik. Utan, kele sap somik pagivülon fa kemens onik, kodon dub geükams e notodots okik magädi, das dagebon reigätäli at. </p><p>Votaflano <i>filosop as lifamod</i> kazeton gebi sekotas vätälama filosopik pö lifaplag filosopana. Lifön ön mod veratik, fomön lifi aldelik ön mod verätik: kondöts at büocedons tikami dibätikumo pedalärnöli ed ai volföli. Leigo veütos pro däläd tikama filosopik, das lokon sevädoviko pö lifamod. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ragiv:Jean-L%C3%A9on_G%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_-_Diogenes_-_Walters_37131.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Jean-L%C3%A9on_G%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_-_Diogenes_-_Walters_37131.jpg/250px-Jean-L%C3%A9on_G%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_-_Diogenes_-_Walters_37131.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="184" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Jean-L%C3%A9on_G%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_-_Diogenes_-_Walters_37131.jpg/375px-Jean-L%C3%A9on_G%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_-_Diogenes_-_Walters_37131.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Jean-L%C3%A9on_G%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_-_Diogenes_-_Walters_37131.jpg/500px-Jean-L%C3%A9on_G%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_-_Diogenes_-_Walters_37131.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1322" /></a><figcaption>El „Diogenes“ hiela <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean-L%C3%A9on_G%C3%A9r%C3%B4me&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jean-Léon Gérôme (pad no dabinon)">Jean-Léon Gérôme</a>, 1860. Pöträt magälik, kö paplösenon i dog (Vöna⸗Gr. <i>κύων</i>), kel ägivon nemi künidanes.</figcaption></figure> <p>Gebafoms go seväriks filosopa pö lifamod ädabinons pato ün vönüp, bu val vü els <a href="/w/index.php?title=Stoikim&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stoikim (pad no dabinon)">stoikans</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pikurim&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pikurim (pad no dabinon)">pikurans</a> e <a href="/w/index.php?title=K%C3%BCnidim&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Künidim (pad no dabinon)">künidans</a>. Pro dial baiäda tika e duna, künidan: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Diogenes_se_Sinope&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diogenes se Sinope (pad no dabinon)">Diogenes se Sinope</a>, me lifamod lölimiko stönik oka, ägivom sami suvo pamäniotöli slopanes äsi taanes lejona at. Balöf teora e plaga ye pakazeton i fa filosop lofüdänik. </p><p>El Diogenes, kel änotodom tikami folosopik oka dub refud e noam voladuna, jonon dub atos otüpo, das taked e livüp binons dil filosopama. (Vöd obsik: <i>jul</i> licinon de vöd Grikänapükik: <i>σχολή</i> siämü „livüp“ u „livüpajäf“.) </p><p>Merit gretik filosopama binälon in dugälam tika e blöfäda, ibä metodiko äsi plagiko (a. s. pö döbats) flags sevärik ä fikuliks padunons filosopane. Filosopam <i>kadämik</i> ü <i>nolavik</i> difon de filosopam <i>no kadämik</i> ü <i>aldelik</i> prinsipo no tefü säks, ab buikumo tefü top (nomiko <a href="/w/index.php?title=Niver&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Niver (pad no dabinon)">niver</a>) e tefü foms semik miedükama filosopajäfa. Dabinons i baläds fomik semik ko <a href="/wiki/Nolav" title="Nolav">nolav</a> e pübam nolavik (o. b. vödedem jäfüdik). Zuo, jäf filosopama kadämik keninükon i gebi <a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#metods">metodas dono pabepenölas</a>. </p><p>Mens filosopiko pedugälöls difons de votikans no tefü gebid nolas (frutik) mödikum. Nomiko gebidon ones te lovelogam gudikum blöfastabas, kels ya pemäniotons e pegebons pö döbat tefü yegäd semik. Kluo kanos frutön, pö bespikam säkäda anuik semik (as sam: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Deic%C3%B6det&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Deicödet (pad no dabinon)">deicödet</a>), ad säkön, tuvedamögis kinik filosop elofon dü yels lätik 2500 dabina okik, e lio ejenons jünu döbats tefü mobs at. Zu nols jenavik at, filosopan calik söton fägön ad distükön lecedis prinsipiko jelodavikis, büologön sekis onsik e dientifön säkädis e taöfis. </p><p>Gebs e bligäds votik filosopa binälons in: </p> <ul><li>bespikabükam säkas, suemodas, lesetas e lecedas staböfikas fa nolavs pagebölas: as sam, filosop kanon säkön, sinifi kinik labon vöd: „dig“, ven pagebon pö bespiks sogädava u gitava.</li> <li>suk e tuv säkas, suemodas, lesetas e lecedas no panotodölas, su kels nolavs pastabons; as sam, südav säkon: „kis binon-li gid?“ e vestigon sekü atos suemodi, stabis e stipis veütikün gitava.</li> <li>gespikam säkas dö tikamamods u tikamakösömots timädas pasetik, kela tuvedi yegs vönaoloveik in museds no fägons ad givön.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Metods">Metods</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Filosop&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Redakolöd dilädi: Metods" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redakön</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> • </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Filosop&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Metods"><span>redakön fonäti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Metods filosopa keninükons töbids tikälik distöfik. Vöds: „töbids tikälik“ kanons tefon is vestigami tikamalüälas, tikamavönaoloveikodas u tikamajulas. Filosop ibo ai jäfon me tikam. „Tikam“ kanon binön: meditam, diletam, u „sitükam“ (dadilädam). Dasevs klienälik, lekredaverats e blöfastabs tikälik pavestigons e paxämons stabü lifalejenöf mena filosopöl, yufü med: tikam tikavik, täläktik ä krütik. </p><p>Tikam filosopik fägon zuo ad bespikabükön lölimiko vali, igo i filosopi it. Ön mod soik filosop äsvo primon dönu de ser me vobod filosopana alik. Ibo duton lü stadöp filosopik i fäg ad bespikabükön igo veratis jiniko aldelikis u staböfikis. Lü mens, kels no fägons ad lelogön lifalejenöfi as säkäd, dots somik jinons suvo bisariks. Palelogölo love tim lunüpik, filosop säkon tefü cifapüns lejenöfa aidönu stabasäkis ot, kelas begespikab e begespikamögs prinsipo blebons sümiks (el <i>Philosophia perennis</i>). Sekü votikams jenavik e sogädimiks pö lifadinäds ye ai zesüdons stabasäkes mena gespikafomams nulik. Ibo distü nolavs, filosop e jäfüds filosopik no kobükons ni dagebons vestigasekis laidüpik e valemo pezepölis („lejem filosopa“), ab te gespikis jenotemik, medü kels vitons „logedinaböfükami“ timäda alik anna tuvovikis pö nolavs. Sekü atos, kanoy lelogön filosopi as löl in ot it no ninädovik: as spikot säkädik love tumyels fovöl. </p><p>Ledino jäfidadomens tel kanons padistükön pö filosop „calik“: domen jenavik e domein sitik. </p> <ul><li>Filosopans jäfidons <i>jenaviko</i> ven steifülons ad dönuliföfükön, suemön e plänädön lecedis e lesetis tikanas äs hiels <a href="/wiki/Platon" title="Platon">Platon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Aquinas" title="Thomas Aquinas">Thomas Aquinas</a> u <a href="/wiki/Immanuel_Kant" title="Immanuel Kant">Immanuel Kant</a>. I bepenam tikamaluälas u tikamajulas filosopikas duton lü domen at, äsi vestigam jenotema tikamagodas e suemodas.</li></ul> <ul><li>Filosopans jäfidnons <i>sitiko</i> ven steifülons ad bevobön e jelodön lecedis tefü säkäd (u säkädem) semik, ad begesagön säkis ninü jäfüds filosopik, ud ad diletön stipis sevädik u nesevädikis säka u lesaga semika, ud ad kleilükön suemodis pö säks, lesets u leceds semiks komädölis. If säk binon samo: „men labon-li libavili?“, tän, ad mögükön gesagi, suemods: „vil“, „lib“ e „men“ (ba igo i suemod: „lab“) mutons padiletön e paplänön kuratiko.</li></ul> <p>Jäfidamods jenavik e sitik kanons prinsipo pamiedükön fa zeil vestigama filosopik alik. Filosopans mödik vobons ye jenaviko e sitiko. Domens at lölöfükons odi, ibä leceds e tikods filosopanas timädas büik veütons pö döbats tefü säks sitik atimik, e bevobs sitik suvo yufons ad kleilükön e kuratükön lecedis filosopanas klatädik. Zuo säks adelik suvo kanons pasuemön e pabegesagön te if jenotem e büjenotem süikama onsik, äsi suemods e tuvedamobs büo pädageböls tefü ons, sevädons e pasuemons. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Jenotem_filosopa:_suemod_e_nolav">Jenotem filosopa: suemod e nolav</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Filosop&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Redakolöd dilädi: Jenotem filosopa: suemod e nolav" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redakön</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> • </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Filosop&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Jenotem filosopa: suemod e nolav"><span>redakön fonäti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dö_suemod"><span id="D.C3.B6_suemod"></span>Dö suemod</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Filosop&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Redakolöd dilädi: Dö suemod" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redakön</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> • </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Filosop&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Dö suemod"><span>redakön fonäti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Filosop: vöd pekoboyümöl me vöds Grikänapükik: <i>φίλος</i> (pron: <i>filos</i>) „flen“ e <i>σοφία</i> (pron: <i>sofia</i>) „sap“, sinifon kuratiko „sapilöf“, u gudikumo „nolilöf“, ibä <i>sofia</i> äsinifon primo fägis e skilis valik, igo i plagikis u kaenikis. Värb: <i>filosopön</i> äpubon balidnaedo in lautots jenavana Grikänik: <a href="/wiki/Herodotos" title="Herodotos">Herodotos</a> (I, 30, 2), kö pägebon ad bepenön nolidesiri tatana: <a href="/wiki/Solon" class="mw-disambig" title="Solon">Solon</a> (zao 640-559 b. K.) in Athena. No verätos, das hiel <a href="/wiki/Herakleitos" title="Herakleitos">Herakleitos</a> ya igebom suemodi: <i>philósophos</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Vöno äkösömos ad lesagön, das hiel <a href="/wiki/P%C3%BCthagoras_se_Samos" class="mw-redirect" title="Püthagoras se Samos">Püthagoras se Samos</a> inüdugom suemodi: filosop. Platonan: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Herakleides_se_Pontos&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Herakleides se Pontos (pad no dabinon)">Herakleides se Pontos</a> äkipedom konoti, ma kel el Püthagoras isagom, das te god dalabon eli <i>sophia</i> veratik, e men kanon te steifön lüodü on. Is vöd: <i>sophia</i> ya sinifon noli <a href="/wiki/Metaf%C3%BCd" title="Metafüd">metafüdik</a>. Kredab konota at, te dilo e nestedöfo pekipedöla, nog padöbaton fa vestigans. Pas in lautots hiela <a href="/wiki/Platon" title="Platon">Platon</a> suemods: filosop e filosopön pägebons ma sinif fa el Herakleides pämäniotöl, sevabo in telspikot: <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phaidros&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Phaidros (pad no dabinon)">Phaidros</a></i> (278d), in kel fümükoy, das steif ad sap (filosop) äsi dalab sapa fakipons odi, e das dalab sapa mögon te Gode. </p><p>Filosop dü jenotem okik ya pämiedeton as steif ad gud, verat e jön (Platon) u ad sap, verat e dasev (<a href="/wiki/Thomas_Hobbes" title="Thomas Hobbes">Hobbes</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Locke" title="John Locke">Locke</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_Berkeley" title="George Berkeley">Berkeley</a>). Filosop sukon prinsipis löpikün (ma hiel <a href="/wiki/Aristoteles" title="Aristoteles">Aristoteles</a>) u dageti nola veratik (ma hiel Platon). Flagon dasevi vala, keninükamü i nelogädikosa (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Paracelsus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paracelsus (pad no dabinon)">Paracelsus</a>), binon nolav mögas valik (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Christian_Wolff&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Christian Wolff (pad no dabinon)">Wolff</a>) ed i Levera (<a href="/wiki/Johann_Gottlieb_Fichte" class="mw-redirect" title="Johann Gottlieb Fichte">Fichte</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Friedrich_Wilhelm_Joseph_Schelling&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling (pad no dabinon)">Schelling</a>, <a href="/wiki/Georg_Wilhelm_Friedrich_Hegel" title="Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel">Hegel</a>). Leodükon e yümon nolavi lölik e nolavis valik (<a href="/wiki/Immanuel_Kant" title="Immanuel Kant">Kant</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ernst_Mach&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ernst Mach (pad no dabinon)">Mach</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wilhelm_Wundt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wilhelm Wundt (pad no dabinon)">Wundt</a>), binon it „nolav nolavas valik“ (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Gustav_Theodor_Fechner&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gustav Theodor Fechner (pad no dabinon)">Fechner</a>). Zänodapün onik binon diletam, bevobam e miedetam kuratik suemodas (<a href="/wiki/Sokrates" title="Sokrates">Sokrates</a>, <a href="/wiki/Immanuel_Kant" title="Immanuel Kant">Kant</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Friedrich_Herbart&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Friedrich Herbart (pad no dabinon)">Herbart</a>). Filosop binon ye i lekan ad deadön gudiko (<a href="/wiki/Platon" title="Platon">Platon</a>), ed i südav nomik (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Wilhelm_Windelband&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wilhelm Windelband (pad no dabinon)">Windelband</a>), ed i steif tikälik ad läb (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Epikur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Epikur (pad no dabinon)">Epikur</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Anthony_Ashley-Cooper,_Graf_di_Shafterbury&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anthony Ashley-Cooper, Graf di Shafterbury (pad no dabinon)">Shaftesbury</a>) u steif ad tug e skil (<a href="/wiki/Aristoteles" title="Aristoteles">Aristoteles</a>, Stoa). </p><p>De stanöp Yuropa suemod: filosop yumon ad licin in Grikän vönik. Tikamajuls siyopik leigo bäldiks mö milats yelas (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Filosop_lof%C3%BCd%C3%A4nik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Filosop lofüdänik (pad no dabinon)">filosop lofüdänik</a>) suvo paglömons u panedemons. I sits relik dutons lü filosop, if gebans onik blöfädons ne godaviko, a filosopiko. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nolav_ed_oksuem_filosopa">Nolav ed oksuem filosopa</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Filosop&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Redakolöd dilädi: Nolav ed oksuem filosopa" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redakön</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> • </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Filosop&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Nolav ed oksuem filosopa"><span>redakön fonäti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Oksuem filosopa as nolav evotikon mödikna dü jenotem okik. Filosopans Grikänik balid jü zao timäd hielas Sokrates e Platon äsuemons dunami oksik as steif ad daced medü täläkt e tikäl, distü lasum balugik vönaoloveikodas u miteodemas. Ön mod at tikam älivikon de miteod, ab votaflano miteods nomiko no pädeimons. Filosopans ägebons onis vilöfo: yufü notodots e metafors poediks, äfägons ad pakön lejoni oksik. </p><p>Du el Sokrates e tidäbs omik älelogons steifi ad dasev as zeil in ok it, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sofimans&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sofimans (pad no dabinon)">sofimans</a> älofons tidodis oksik tä monapel. Pro sofimans mödik, ätefos te kani ad vikodön pö döbat ta neflen yufü meds spiköfavik e käfeds tikavik. Zeil onsik äbinon „ad vedükön nämikum flani fibikum“ (l. el <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eristik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eristik (pad no dabinon)">Eristik</a></i>) igo me käf. </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ragiv:Septem-artes-liberales_Herrad-von-Landsberg_Hortus-deliciarum_1180.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Septem-artes-liberales_Herrad-von-Landsberg_Hortus-deliciarum_1180.jpg/250px-Septem-artes-liberales_Herrad-von-Landsberg_Hortus-deliciarum_1180.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="328" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Septem-artes-liberales_Herrad-von-Landsberg_Hortus-deliciarum_1180.jpg/375px-Septem-artes-liberales_Herrad-von-Landsberg_Hortus-deliciarum_1180.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Septem-artes-liberales_Herrad-von-Landsberg_Hortus-deliciarum_1180.jpg/500px-Septem-artes-liberales_Herrad-von-Landsberg_Hortus-deliciarum_1180.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1573" data-file-height="2063" /></a><figcaption>„Filosop as Jireg bevü Lekans Libik Vel“ – Magod se el <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hortus_deliciarum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hortus deliciarum (pad no dabinon)">Hortus deliciarum</a></i> (Gad Dafredas) hiela <a href="/w/index.php?title=Herrad_von_Landsberg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Herrad von Landsberg (pad no dabinon)">Herrad von Landsberg</a> (tumyel 12id)</figcaption></figure> <p>Posä <a href="/wiki/Krit" title="Krit">Krit</a> ägeton rouli veütik finü timäd vönik, filosop dü tumyels mödik ävedon mögik te stabü tikamagots relik ettimik; no ädalon ad bespikabükön stabalesetis godava kritik. Miedükams sümik ädabinons i vü slamans e yudans. In Vesüda⸗Yurop äregon lunüpo tikamagot, das filosop binon jidünan godava (<i>ancilla theologiae</i>), o. b. yufanolav, kel söton stütön dasevädükami godik me blöfäds tikälik. </p><p>In nivers, kels ädavedons dü zänoda⸗timäd, filosop ävedon bal tidajäfüdas stabik („propädeutik“). Pö stud, els <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Artes_liberales&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Artes liberales (pad no dabinon)">Artes liberales</a></i> (Lekans Libik) älabons rouli veütikün. Lü ons ädutons „gramat“, „spikotav“, „spiköfav“ äsi „geomet“, „kalkulav“, „stelav“ e „müsig“. Finükam benosekik ela <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Studium_generale&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Studium generale (pad no dabinon)">studium generale</a></i> at („stud valemik“) äbinon stip pro studs „löpikum“: sanav, git, godav. (Nog adelo nems niveradiplomas fövons vönaoloveikodi at: B. A., M. A., Ph. D.). </p><p>In Vesüda⸗Yurop kosäd vemöfikum ko filosop ela <a href="/wiki/Aristoteles" title="Aristoteles">Aristoteles</a> ägretükumon liväli filospa, kel älovestepon miedis elas <i>artes</i> (= jäfüds). Filosopans e godavans mödik, äs <a href="/w/index.php?title=Albertus_Magnus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Albertus Magnus (pad no dabinon)">Albertus Magnus</a> e <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Aquinas" title="Thomas Aquinas">Thomas Aquinas</a> ästeifüloms ad miedükön fluni lautotas ela Aristoteles ed ad kobioblinön filosopi omik e lejoni glüga katulik, dat övedons plän valemik lejenöfa. Kobäd somik pämobon fa el Thomas Aquinas me el <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Summa_theologica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Summa theologica (pad no dabinon)">Summa theologica</a></i>. Nesekidiko äprimoy ya ün tumyel 12id ad ledigidön „noli stabü plak“: stip veütik daveda tikama natanolavik e metoda sperimäntik timäda äsököl. </p><p>Sis timäd <a href="/w/index.php?title=D%C3%B6nulif%C3%B6fikam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dönuliföfikam (pad no dabinon)">Dönuliföfikama</a> filosop aiplu älovestepon miedis, kelis godav ibüdülon one. Filosopans no plu äplafikons pö jelod cedas no äbaiädölas ko lejon glüga ud igo ko krüt. De tim <a href="/w/index.php?title=Menim&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Menim (pad no dabinon)">Menima</a> Dönuliföfikamik e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kleil%C3%BCkam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kleilükam (pad no dabinon)">Kleilükama</a> jü nutim filosop edöbaton krütiko ko rel, elivükon oki de on, ed elelogon oki suvo löpikumi. Ai ädabinons ye filosopans mödik, keles baiäd lecedas filosopik e lekreda relik onsikas vemo äveüton. </p><p>Ledino ün periods anik <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nulatim%C3%A4d&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nulatimäd (pad no dabinon)">Nulatimäda</a> filosop päsuemon as <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nolav_valemik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nolav valemik (pad no dabinon)">nolav valemik</a> löpikum ka nolavs votik, kel sukon e gebidükon veratodis laidüpio lonöfölis ad sienön e suemön lejenöfi as löl ed ad lükömön lü kods e prinsips lätiks (el <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Philosopia_perennis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Philosopia perennis (pad no dabinon)">Philosopia perennis</a></i>). Jü tumyel 18id filosop äblebon bal löpajäfüdas klatädik fol. Stud staböfik filosopa äzesüdon studane ad dalön jäfön me säkäds e vestigam natanolaviks. In nivers vönaoloveik anik, filosop staböfik (<i>Philosophicum</i>) as dil stabastuda binon nog blig studanas valik. </p><p>Ün tumyel 19id natanolavas äprimons ad nesumätikön e livätikön aiplu de filosop; poso i jäfüds püka⸗ e sogädanolaviks ädunons otosi. Tidodems niverik filosopik aiplu päflunons tefü ninäd fa „dona⸗jäfüdükam“ ü „patädükam“ nolavas älivätiköl. Äblibon pö filosop te bligäds meditama dö nolavs votik e bespikama stipas onsik. </p><p>Filosop: nolavajäfüd atimik gidükon oki medü lesag, das metods filosopik kanons keblunön i nolaves, kaenes e lekanes votikes. Filosopans zuo cedons kleilükami yegädas e cifasäkädas südavikas jäfidatopädi legik okas. Nivers atimik e tidodems onsik peflunons tefü oksuem okas fa filosopajäfüds vönaoloveik: tikav, südav, sevav, nolavateor ü nolavafilosop e filosopajenav. Klu vobam filosopa in nivers jenon noe livü rel abi livü sogädanolavs, literat e lekans: filosop biton as filosop teorik e kazeton nolavafilosopi, pükidiletami e tikavi. Too ai laidabinon pö „nolavajäfüd: filosop“ desir ad kompenön pö döbats notidik atimik ed ad jelodön lecedis samo tefü säkäds südavik gebama kaenava, züamöpav, gerädav, säkäds sanavik u säkäds filosopa bevükulivik. </p><p>Zu filosop niverik ai dabinons i tikans nesekidik plödü stidem calöfik. Sisä pänemons „<i>philosophes</i>“ in Fransän i jelodans Kleilükama soäs <a href="/wiki/Voltaire" title="Voltaire">Voltaire</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jean-Jacques_Rousseau" title="Jean-Jacques Rousseau">Rousseau</a> e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Diderot&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diderot (pad no dabinon)">Diderot</a> (as jäfidükan <i><a href="/wiki/Sikloped" title="Sikloped">Siklopeda</a></i> zeilü kleilükam medü sev), elecedoy filosopanis bai vönaoloveikod hiela <a href="/w/index.php?title=Montaigne&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Montaigne (pad no dabinon)">Montaigne</a> i lautanis nolik, kels sevädükons cedis e tikodis oksikis tefü yegäds notidik veütik: nolans valemik äs hiels <a href="/wiki/Johann_Wolfgang_von_Goethe" title="Johann Wolfgang von Goethe">Goethe</a> e <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Schiller" title="Friedrich Schiller">Schiller</a>. Tikans mödik ün tumyels 18id e 19id no äbevoboms filosopi kadämik in nivers, vü kels hiels <a href="/wiki/Adam_Smith" title="Adam Smith">Adam Smith</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Abrahan_Lincoln&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abrahan Lincoln (pad no dabinon)">Abrahan Lincoln</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean_Paul&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jean Paul (pad no dabinon)">Jean Paul</a>, <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Nietzsche" title="Friedrich Nietzsche">Friedrich Nietzsche</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%89mile_Zola&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Émile Zola (pad no dabinon)">Émile Zola</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lev_Tolstoy" title="Lev Tolstoy">Lev Tolstoy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Karl_Marx" title="Karl Marx">Karl Marx</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sigmund_Freud" title="Sigmund Freud">Sigmund Freud</a> e <a href="/w/index.php?title=S%C3%B8ren_Kierkegaard&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Søren Kierkegaard (pad no dabinon)">Søren Kierkegaard</a>. Too tikans at ädavedükoms tikamagotis e suemodis filosopik vemo veütikis ed äflunoms döbatis notidik ön mods valasotik. Atimo tikans soäs <a href="/wiki/Paul_Watzlawick" title="Paul Watzlawick">Paul Watzlawick</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Umberto_Eco&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Umberto Eco (pad no dabinon)">Umberto Eco</a> e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_Sloterdijk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peter Sloterdijk (pad no dabinon)">Peter Sloterdijk</a> kanoms paleigodön ko oms. </p><p>Jenot nulik binon stit „<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dakons%C3%A4lam_filosopik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dakonsälam filosopik (pad no dabinon)">dakonsälama filosopik</a>“, kel lofon dakonsälamafonäti lönik ä difiki de votiks (a.s. reliks u lanaviks). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Jäfüds_filosopa"><span id="J.C3.A4f.C3.BCds_filosopa"></span>Jäfüds filosopa</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Filosop&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Redakolöd dilädi: Jäfüds filosopa" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redakön</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> • </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Filosop&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Jäfüds filosopa"><span>redakön fonäti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ragiv:BinodFilosopa.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/BinodFilosopa.png/250px-BinodFilosopa.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="359" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/BinodFilosopa.png/375px-BinodFilosopa.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/34/BinodFilosopa.png 2x" data-file-width="418" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>Lovelogam jäfüdas filosopa ma donadilam kösömik.</figcaption></figure><p> Filosop padonadilon nomiko ad donatuigs tel: plagik e teorik. <i>Filosop teorik</i> vestigon mögis e miedis nola menik, äsi binodis valemik seveda menik. Zuo binons lesags valemik dö bin e dabin yegäd tikama filosopik. Jäfüds binons: dabinav, metafüd, tikav e sevav. <i>Filosop plagik</i> jafon votaflano me domen dunama menik. Jäfüds binons: südav, gitav, filosop bolitik e filosop sogädik. </p><p>Do nitedasfer filosopa prinsipo no kanon pamiedön (ibä filosop bejäfon „vali“), dabinons <i>domens</i> semik, tefü kels filosop binon patiko jäfedik. Filosopan: <a href="/wiki/Immanuel_Kant" title="Immanuel Kant">Immanuel Kant</a> änaböfodönuom onis me säks fovik:<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ol><li><i>Kisi kanob-li sevön?</i></li> <li><i>Kisi sötob-li dunön?</i></li> <li><i>Kisi dälob-li spelön?</i></li> <li><i>Kis binon-li men?</i></li></ol> <p>Säks at kanons paplänön ön mod soik: </p> <ol><li><i>Lio fägobs-li ad sienön benosekiko, e lio sienots onsik sötons-li pacödön?</i> (teor nolava e siena; tikav)</li> <li><i>Lio sötobs-li kondötön?</i> (südav)</li> <li><i>Kis vol binon-li? Kikodo dabinon-li bos (pla nos)?</i><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>God dabinon-li? Jenotem labon-li zeili, e, üfü gespik siik, zeili kinik labon-li? (metafüd, filosop rela e jenava)</i></li> <li><i>Dabinäds kinik binobs-li? Lio stadobs-li kol vol, keli tuvobs zü obs? (menav filosopik, filosop kultura e sogäda, jönav)</i></li></ol> <p>In diläds sököl, ans jäfüdas filosopik veütikün pabepenons, kels bejäfons säkis at. Sökaleod dilädas pestabon su dist vönaoloveik vü filosop teorik e filosop plagik, pelölöfüköl dub volfams nolavik e vünolaviks degyelas lätik. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Filosop_teorik">Filosop teorik</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Filosop&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Redakolöd dilädi: Filosop teorik" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redakön</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> • </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Filosop&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Filosop teorik"><span>redakön fonäti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Tikav, sevav e metafüd befeitons odis ad meritön benodistükami as jäfüd filosopik löpikün. Nolavs kil at lesagons, das bejäfons stabis e prinsipis dibätikünis tika valik e verata valik, o. b. lonis e binodis staböfikünis lejenöfa. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Tikav">Tikav</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Filosop&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Redakolöd dilädi: Tikav" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redakön</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> • </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Filosop&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: Tikav"><span>redakön fonäti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tikav&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tikav (pad no dabinon)">Tikav</a> jäfon ne me ninäds dabinotik, ab me noms tikama verätik. Tikav säkon, stabü noms kinik seks semik kanons (u no kanons) pakludön de büoceds e buosetäds semiks (l. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikludod&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mikludod (pad no dabinon)">mikludods</a>). Sekü atos, tikav bespikabükon stabis nolavas blöfädigeböl valik. </p><p>Primo vöd: „tikav“ pägebon ma siäms vidikün, kas atimo. Sam patedik binon tikav ela <a href="/w/index.php?title=Stoa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stoa (pad no dabinon)">Stoa</a>, kel äkeninükon i säkädis, kels atimo dutons lü sevav ü sevateor, pükafilosop, ed i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Spik%C3%B6fav&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Spiköfav (pad no dabinon)">spiköfav</a>. Tikamagots soik kanons patuvön pö buks mödik dö tikav jü prim tumyela 20id. </p><p>Ma filosop atimik sinifon tikav as nolav kludama verätik te nog <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tikav_fomik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tikav fomik (pad no dabinon)">tikavi fomik</a>, kel duton i lü <a href="/wiki/Matemat" title="Matemat">matemat</a> e <a href="/w/index.php?title=N%C3%BCn%C3%B6mav&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nünömav (pad no dabinon)">nünömav</a>. Nog döbatoy, viomafädo tikav keninükon yegädis no matematikis äs samo <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bl%C3%B6f%C3%A4dateor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Blöfädateor (pad no dabinon)">blöfädateor</a> e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Spikadunateor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Spikadunateor (pad no dabinon)">spikadunateor</a>. </p><p>Vü <a href="/w/index.php?title=Klad:Tikavans&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Klad:Tikavans (pad no dabinon)">tikavans</a> veütikün filosopajenotema sötoy mäniotön hieli <a href="/wiki/Aristoteles" title="Aristoteles">Aristoteles</a>, hieli <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kr%C3%BCsippos_di_Soli&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Krüsippos di Soli (pad no dabinon)">Krüsippos di Soli</a>, hieli<a href="/w/index.php?title=Johannes_Buridanus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Johannes Buridanus (pad no dabinon)">Johannes Buridanus</a>, hieli <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gottlob_Frege&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gottlob Frege (pad no dabinon)">Gottlob Frege</a>, hieli <a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_Sanders_Peirce&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Charles Sanders Peirce (pad no dabinon)">Charles Sanders Peirce</a>, hieli <a href="/wiki/Bertrand_Russell" title="Bertrand Russell">Bertrand Russell</a>, hieli <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfred_Whitehead&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfred Whitehead (pad no dabinon)">Alfred Whitehead</a>, hieli <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kurt_G%C3%B6del&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kurt Gödel (pad no dabinon)">Kurt Gödel</a> e hieli <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfred_Tarski&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfred Tarski (pad no dabinon)">Alfred Tarski</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Sevikrüt_e_sevateor"><span id="Sevikr.C3.BCt_e_sevateor"></span>Sevikrüt e sevateor</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Filosop&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Redakolöd dilädi: Sevikrüt e sevateor" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redakön</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> • </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Filosop&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section's source code: Sevikrüt e sevateor"><span>redakön fonäti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Pos „levolut“ filosopik ela Immanuel Kant, sevikrüt evedon cedü filosopans mödik donajäfüd staböfik onsik. Vestigon prinsipis, büocedis, mögis e miedis (da)seva menik. Distü sevateor, kel vestigon i davedi, jenotemi e sävilupami sevafäga menik, sevikrüt bejäfon te „stipis möga daseva“. </p><p>Sevateor (ü sevav) prodon in valen säkis tefü mög ad dagetön e fümükön sevi. Seko jäfon me säkäds vestigama e fümükama verata u neverata teorodas. I sienam lejenöfa pabespikabükon fa sevateor, äsi mods, ön kels pük e tik flunons dasevi. Zuo steifülön ad tuvön miedis daseva, kelos prinsipo kanon palelogön as „nolavik“. </p><p>Sevateorans famik äbinons (vü votikans) hiel <a href="/wiki/Platon" title="Platon">Platon</a>, hiel <a href="/wiki/Aristoteles" title="Aristoteles">Aristoteles</a>, hiel <a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Descartes" title="René Descartes">René Descartes</a>, hiel <a href="/wiki/John_Locke" title="John Locke">John Locke</a>, hiel <a href="/wiki/David_Hume" title="David Hume">David Hume</a>, hiel <a href="/wiki/Immanuel_Kant" title="Immanuel Kant">Immanuel Kant</a>, hiel <a href="/w/index.php?title=Auguste_Comte&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Auguste Comte (pad no dabinon)">Auguste Comte</a>, hiel <a href="/w/index.php?title=Edmund_Husserl&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Edmund Husserl (pad no dabinon)">Edmund Husserl</a> e hiel <a href="/wiki/Ludwig_Wittgenstein" title="Ludwig Wittgenstein">Ludwig Wittgenstein</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Nolavafilosop">Nolavafilosop</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Filosop&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Redakolöd dilädi: Nolavafilosop" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redakön</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> • </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Filosop&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section's source code: Nolavafilosop"><span>redakön fonäti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nolavafilosop&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nolavafilosop (pad no dabinon)">Nolavafilosop</a> labon tefis veütik me sevateor, bi vestigon, dileton ed igo mobon büocedis, metodis e zeilis <a href="/wiki/Nolav" title="Nolav">nolava</a>. Fümükon bu val miedis suemoda: „nolav“, „nolavik“, ad teilön oni de jäfüds votik no nolaviks. Lü yegäds onik dutons prinsips metodavik staböfik, kels no kanons pavestigön e pafümükön fa nolavs it. As sam: zesüd dönuova <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sperim%C3%A4nt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sperimänt (pad no dabinon)">sperimäntas</a>, prinsip konöma suemodas („<a href="/w/index.php?title=Jeifaneif_hiela_Ockham&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jeifaneif hiela Ockham (pad no dabinon)">jeifaneif hiela Ockham</a>“) e prinsip <a href="/w/index.php?title=Neverat%C3%BCkov&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Neveratükov (pad no dabinon)">neveratükova</a>. </p><p>Nolavafilosop zuo jäfon me tefs vü sev nolavik e suemods verata e lejenöfa. I dadiläd e leodükam mögiks seva menik ma jäfüds e nivods, äsi vestigam prisipas progeda nolavik (l. samo <a href="/w/index.php?title=Paradigicein&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paradigicein (pad no dabinon)">paradigicein</a>), dutons lü säkädem nolavafilosopik. </p><p>Jäfüdans veütikün nolavafilosopa binon samo hiel <a href="/wiki/Aristoteles" title="Aristoteles">Aristoteles</a>, hiel <a href="/wiki/Francis_Bacon" title="Francis Bacon">Francis Bacon</a>, hiel <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rudolf_Carnap&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rudolf Carnap (pad no dabinon)">Rudolf Carnap</a>, hiel <a href="/w/index.php?title=Karl_Popper&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Karl Popper (pad no dabinon)">Karl Popper</a>, hiel <a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Kuhn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas Kuhn (pad no dabinon)">Thomas Kuhn</a>, hiel <a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Feyerabend&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paul Feyerabend (pad no dabinon)">Paul Feyerabend</a> e hiel <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hilary_Putnam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hilary Putnam (pad no dabinon)">Hilary Putnam</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Metafüd_e_dabinav"><span id="Metaf.C3.BCd_e_dabinav"></span>Metafüd e dabinav</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Filosop&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Redakolöd dilädi: Metafüd e dabinav" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redakön</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> • </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Filosop&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section's source code: Metafüd e dabinav"><span>redakön fonäti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Metaf%C3%BCd" title="Metafüd">Metafüd</a> äfomon dü jenotem ti lölik filosopa keri jenöfik ona. Metafüd steifülon ad pladön lejenöfi lölik, soäsä jinon lü obs, ini yumed siämöfik (suvo i sit valemik). Vestigon stabis e binodi valemik vola e bejäfon „säkis lätikün“ dö <a href="/w/index.php?title=Si%C3%A4m_(filosop)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siäm (filosop) (pad no dabinon)">siäm</a> e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Zeil_(filosop)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zeil (filosop) (pad no dabinon)">zeil</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dabin_(filosop)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dabin (filosop) (pad no dabinon)">dabina</a> valik. </p><p>Metafüd padilon vönaoloveiko ad dil valemik ed ad dil patik. Metafüd valemik binon <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dabinav&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dabinav (pad no dabinon)">dabinav</a>, kel jafon me säkäds tefü stababinod dabinädas valik äsi dabina it. Metafüd patik padilon ad donajäfüds votik kil, kels vestigons: </p> <ol><li>dabini Goda, ed i patis mögik ona (<i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Godav_nat%C3%B6fik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Godav natöfik (pad no dabinon)">godav natöfik</a></i> ü <i>tikälik</i>);</li> <li>mögi dabina lana nedeadöfik e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Libavil&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Libavil (pad no dabinon)">vila libik</a>, äsi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Telim_(filosop)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Telim (filosop) (pad no dabinon)">difis vü stöf e tikäl</a> (<i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lanav_tik%C3%A4lik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lanav tikälik (pad no dabinon)">lanav tikälik</a></i>)</li> <li>kodi, davedi, binodi e zeili levala (<i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Levalav_tik%C3%A4lik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Levalav tikälik (pad no dabinon)">levalav tikälik</a></i>)</li></ol> <p>Nolavs me metodems oksik prinsipo no kanons ni vilons bejäfön säkädis at, ibä yegäds metafüdik binons plödü sperimäntamögs ed igo plakamögs siämöfiks valiks menefa. Ifi nooy u lesagoy neveütiki dabini dilas plakaviko nevestigovikas lejenöfa, retons nog säkäds metafüda. Metafüd vönaoloveik pekrüton ön mods distik tel. Du <a href="/w/index.php?title=Si%C3%A4dim&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siädim (pad no dabinon)">Siädim</a> e pladulanas <a href="/w/index.php?title=Filosop_diletik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Filosop diletik (pad no dabinon)">filosopa diletik</a> ün laf balid tumyela 20id äblöfädons pro finid metafüda medü diletam tikavik püka, samo hiel <a href="/w/index.php?title=Martin_Heidegger&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Martin Heidegger (pad no dabinon)">Martin Heidegger</a> ästeifülom ad jafön stabis nulik pro metafüd medü loveikam love jenotem onik e votükam lölöfik säkädema onik ad diletam dabina menik (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Stabadabinav&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stabadabinav (pad no dabinon)">stabadabinav</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dabinafilosop&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dabinafilosop (pad no dabinon)">dabinafilosop</a>). Vüo säkäds metafüdik vönaoloveik ai getons küpäli e nitedäli pö döbats filosopik (a.s. in donajäfüds äs <a href="/w/index.php?title=Filosop_tik%C3%A4la&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Filosop tikäla (pad no dabinon)">filosop tikäla</a>). </p><p>Metafüdans veütik äbinoms vü votans hiel <a href="/wiki/Platon" title="Platon">Platon</a>, hiel <a href="/wiki/Aristoteles" title="Aristoteles">Aristoteles</a>, hiel <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Aquinas" title="Thomas Aquinas">Thomas Aquinas</a>, hiel <a href="/wiki/Gottfried_Leibniz" title="Gottfried Leibniz">Leibniz</a>, hiel <a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Descartes" title="René Descartes">Descartes</a>, hiel <a href="/wiki/Immanuel_Kant" title="Immanuel Kant">Kant</a> e hiel <a href="/wiki/Georg_Wilhelm_Friedrich_Hegel" title="Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel">Hegel</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Pükafilosop"><span id="P.C3.BCkafilosop"></span>Pükafilosop</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Filosop&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Redakolöd dilädi: Pükafilosop" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redakön</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> • </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Filosop&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section's source code: Pükafilosop"><span>redakön fonäti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=P%C3%BCkafilosop&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pükafilosop (pad no dabinon)">Pükafilosop</a> vestigon tefis vü pük, tik e lejenöf. Diletam spika, samo diletam kuratik <a href="/w/index.php?title=Suemod&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Suemod (pad no dabinon)">suemodas</a>, peplägon vönao in filosop. De primüp ona, veüt legretik püka e spika pro kosäd, veratituv, dasevamög e bepenam e sienam lejenöfa äbinon bal döbatadinas filosopa. </p><p>Ya vöno pädöbaton samo säk, va yeg alik igeton nemi okik „ma natäl it oka“ u teiko sekü sluds vilädik menas. I döbatadin veütik filosopa zänodatimädik: <a href="/w/index.php?title=S%C3%A4k%C3%A4d_valemodas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Säkäd valemodas (pad no dabinon)">säkäd valemodas</a> duton dilo lü säkädem pükafilosopa. </p><p>Pükafilosop atimik, kel ün tumyel 20id äkodon sonemiki „<a href="/w/index.php?title=Flek_p%C3%BCkavik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Flek pükavik (pad no dabinon)">fleki pükavik</a>“ (<i>linguistic turn</i>), bejäfon vü votiks sekidi daseva lejenöfa de mögs püka alik (l. „<a href="/w/index.php?title=H%C3%BCpotet_hielas_Sapir_e_Whorf&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hüpotet hielas Sapir e Whorf (pad no dabinon)">hüpoteti hielas Sapir e Whorf</a>“), jafami verata, daseva e nola medü kosäd („<a href="/w/index.php?title=P%C3%BCkapled&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pükapled (pad no dabinon)">pükapleds</a>“ hiela <a href="/wiki/Ludwig_Wittgenstein" title="Ludwig Wittgenstein">Ludwig Wittgenstein</a>), modi, ön kel plöpoy ad dunön bosi yufü geb püka (<a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Langshaw_Austin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Langshaw Austin (pad no dabinon)">John Langshaw Austin</a>: „<i>How to do things with words</i>“; l. i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pragmat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pragmat (pad no dabinon)">pragmati</a>), fluni mitiröl püka in lejenöf (l. samo vobi <a href="/w/index.php?title=P%C3%BCkav_vomimik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pükav vomimik (pad no dabinon)">pükava vomimik</a>), äsi säki ot, kis binon „<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sinif&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sinif (pad no dabinon)">sinif</a>“. </p><p>Lü pükafilosopans veütikün dutoms hiel <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gottlob_Frege&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gottlob Frege (pad no dabinon)">Gottlob Frege</a>, hiel <a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_S._Peirce&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Charles S. Peirce (pad no dabinon)">Charles S. Peirce</a>, hiel <a href="/w/index.php?title=George_Edward_Moore&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="George Edward Moore (pad no dabinon)">George Edward Moore</a>, hiel <a href="/wiki/Bertrand_Russell" title="Bertrand Russell">Bertrand Russell</a>, hiel <a href="/w/index.php?title=Willard_van_Orman_Quine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Willard van Orman Quine (pad no dabinon)">W. O. Quine</a> e hiel <a href="/wiki/Ludwig_Wittgenstein" title="Ludwig Wittgenstein">Ludwig Wittgenstein</a>. Keblünots veütik pädunons fa tidäbs hiela <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ferdinand_de_Saussure&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ferdinand de Saussure (pad no dabinon)">Ferdinand de Saussure</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Binodim&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Binodim (pad no dabinon)">binodim</a>), hiela <a href="/w/index.php?title=Martin_Heidegger&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Martin Heidegger (pad no dabinon)">Martin Heidegger</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C3%BCmolog&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tümolog (pad no dabinon)">tümolog</a> e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nulav%C3%B6ds&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nulavöds (pad no dabinon)">nulavöds</a>), hiela <a href="/w/index.php?title=Michel_Foucault&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Michel Foucault (pad no dabinon)">Michel Foucault</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Spikidiletam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Spikidiletam (pad no dabinon)">spikidiletam</a>) e hiela <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jacques_Derrida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jacques Derrida (pad no dabinon)">Jacques Derrida</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Posbinodim&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Posbinodim (pad no dabinon)">posbinodim</a>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Filosop_plagik">Filosop plagik</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Filosop&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Redakolöd dilädi: Filosop plagik" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redakön</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> • </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Filosop&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section's source code: Filosop plagik"><span>redakön fonäti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Südav_e_metasüdav"><span id="S.C3.BCdav_e_metas.C3.BCdav"></span>Südav e metasüdav</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Filosop&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Redakolöd dilädi: Südav e metasüdav" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redakön</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> • </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Filosop&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section's source code: Südav e metasüdav"><span>redakön fonäti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=S%C3%BCdav&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Südav (pad no dabinon)">Südav</a> filosopik bumon stabü tikäl metodis ad cödön dunis, ed i cödon onis demü motivs e seks onas. Südav diston de südöfanomems vönaoloveik, kels teo büdülons dunis seimik (dabinon ye i <i>südava nomigevik</i>, kela zeil binälon in suk e stabükam nomas e völadas in valem lonöfölas). Samo el Kant ämotivom <a href="/w/index.php?title=Goldanom&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Goldanom (pad no dabinon)">goldanomi</a> südöfik da vol valik sevädiki as prinsip südavik valemik medü <a href="/w/index.php?title=B%C3%BCd_Verik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Büd Verik (pad no dabinon)">Büd Verik</a> oka: </p> <blockquote><p>„Ai kondötolöd teiko bai prinsip ut, tefü kel kanol otüpo vilön, das ovedon lon valemik.“<br />„Ai kondötolöd so, das oneodol ün timül alik menöfi e pö ol it, e pö votan alik, no teiko as med, ab id as zeil.“<br /><br />I<small>MMANUEL</small> K<small>ANT</small>: <i>Grundlegung zur Metaphysik der Sitten</i> (= Stabam metafüda südas), Akademie-Ausgabe Kant Werke IV, pads: 421, 429, 10-12.</p></blockquote> <p>Votaflano, <i>südav bepenamik</i> bejafon fomälodis südöfik distöfik dabinöl e steifülon ad suemön e bepenön onis kuratiko. Stab südava valemik binon <a href="/w/index.php?title=Meta-s%C3%BCdav&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Meta-südav (pad no dabinon)">Meta-südav</a>, kel dileton spiki dö südav e suemodis südavik („<a href="/w/index.php?title=Gud&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gud (pad no dabinon)">gud</a>“, „<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bad (pad no dabinon)">bad</a>“, „dun“). </p><p>Südav duton lü donajäfüds ut filosopa, kelis jünu te nemödo pekrütons u pesäkädabükons fa nolavs votik. Gü cced sevädik, das <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tef%C3%A4dim&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tefädim (pad no dabinon)">tefädim</a> nezesüdükon südavi, sinif gloföl onik logädon pö daved ai distöfikumöl jäfüdasüdavas (o.b. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sanavas%C3%BCdav&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sanavasüdav (pad no dabinon)">sanavasüdav</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nimas%C3%BCdav&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nimasüdav (pad no dabinon)">nimasüdav</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nolavas%C3%BCdav&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nolavasüdav (pad no dabinon)">nolavasüdav</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=N%C3%BCn%C3%B6mavas%C3%BCdav&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nünömavasüdav (pad no dabinon)">nünömavasüdav</a>), äsi pö jaf stitodas äs Südavacäm Netik Deutäna (= „Nationaler Ethikrat Deutschlands“). </p><p><a href="/w/index.php?title=S%C3%BCdavans&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Südavans (pad no dabinon)">Südavans</a> flunilabik äbinoms, bevü votikans, hiel <a href="/wiki/Aristoteles" title="Aristoteles">Aristoteles</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pikur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pikur (pad no dabinon)">pikurans</a> e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Stoik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stoik (pad no dabinon)">stoikans</a>, äsi hiel <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Aquinas" title="Thomas Aquinas">Thomas Aquinas</a>, hiel <a href="/wiki/Immanuel_Kant" title="Immanuel Kant">Immanuel Kant</a>, hiel <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jeremy_Bentham&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jeremy Bentham (pad no dabinon)">Jeremy Bentham</a>, hiel <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Stuart_Mill&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Stuart Mill (pad no dabinon)">John Stuart Mill</a>, hiel <a href="/w/index.php?title=Max_Scheler&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Max Scheler (pad no dabinon)">Max Scheler</a>, hiel <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hans_Jonas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hans Jonas (pad no dabinon)">Hans Jonas</a> e hiel <a href="/w/index.php?title=Karl-Otto_Apel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Karl-Otto Apel (pad no dabinon)">Karl-Otto Apel</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Gitafilosop">Gitafilosop</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Filosop&veaction=edit&section=17" title="Redakolöd dilädi: Gitafilosop" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redakön</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> • </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Filosop&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section's source code: Gitafilosop"><span>redakön fonäti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ragiv:Leviathan_frontispiece_cropped_British_Library.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Leviathan_frontispiece_cropped_British_Library.jpg/200px-Leviathan_frontispiece_cropped_British_Library.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="319" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Leviathan_frontispiece_cropped_British_Library.jpg/300px-Leviathan_frontispiece_cropped_British_Library.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Leviathan_frontispiece_cropped_British_Library.jpg/400px-Leviathan_frontispiece_cropped_British_Library.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1930" data-file-height="3078" /></a><figcaption>Tiädapad lebuka: <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leviathan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Leviathan (pad no dabinon)">Leviathan</a></i> hiela <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Hobbes" title="Thomas Hobbes">Thomas Hobbes</a>, päpüböl ün 1651. Koap Rega, labü sümbols nämäda volädik e lanöfika, fomon oki me koaps reigäbas mödik.</figcaption></figure> <p>Geb stedöfik südava patuvon in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gitafilosop&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gitafilosop (pad no dabinon)">gitafilosop</a>, kel binon leigüpo bal stabajäfüdas <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gitanolav&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gitanolav (pad no dabinon)">gitanolavas</a>. Stabü cödam dunas as „gudiks“ e „badiks“, pabetikon säkis dö <a href="/w/index.php?title=Git&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Git (pad no dabinon)">git</a> e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gid (pad no dabinon)">gid</a>, äsi dö seks nedema nomas südöfik e südavikas. Klüliko gitafilosop säkon i dö daved, stidam e legükam gita, dö tefs vü „natagits“ (a. s. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gits_mena&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gits mena (pad no dabinon)">gits mena</a>) e „gits pelonöl“ („<a href="/w/index.php?title=Git_si%C3%A4dimik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Git siädimik (pad no dabinon)">git siädimik</a>“), äsi dö veütasökaleod gitanomas. Ans yegädas at pavestigons i fa filosop bolitik. </p><p>Gitafilosopans famik binoms hiel <a href="/wiki/Hugo_Grotius" title="Hugo Grotius">Hugo Grotius</a>, hiel <a href="/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli" title="Niccolò Machiavelli">Niccolò Machiavelli</a>, hiel <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Hobbes" title="Thomas Hobbes">Thomas Hobbes</a>, hiel <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hans_Kelsen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hans Kelsen (pad no dabinon)">Hans Kelsen</a>, hiel <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gustav_Radbruch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gustav Radbruch (pad no dabinon)">Gustav Radbruch</a>, hiel <a href="/w/index.php?title=H._L._A._Hart&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="H. L. A. Hart (pad no dabinon)">H. L. A. Hart</a>, hiel <a href="/w/index.php?title=Niklas_Luhmann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Niklas Luhmann (pad no dabinon)">Niklas Luhmann</a>, hiel <a href="/w/index.php?title=J%C3%BCrgen_Habermas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jürgen Habermas (pad no dabinon)">Jürgen Habermas</a>, hiel <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Rawls&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Rawls (pad no dabinon)">John Rawls</a>, hiel <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ronald_Dworkin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ronald Dworkin (pad no dabinon)">Ronald Dworkin</a> e hiel <a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Alexy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert Alexy (pad no dabinon)">Robert Alexy</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Bolitafilosop">Bolitafilosop</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Filosop&veaction=edit&section=18" title="Redakolöd dilädi: Bolitafilosop" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redakön</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> • </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Filosop&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section's source code: Bolitafilosop"><span>redakön fonäti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bolitafilosop&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bolitafilosop (pad no dabinon)">Bolitafilosop</a> ü <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bolitafilosop&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bolitafilosop (pad no dabinon)">filosop bolitik</a>, äs <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gitafilosop&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gitafilosop (pad no dabinon)">gitafilosop</a>, pakoupon gretadilo fa nolavs nilöfik. Dils gretik bespikama filosopik jenons pö gitanolav e pö bolitanolav. Daved, leg e stabs <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tat (pad no dabinon)">Tata</a> pavestigons fa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tatateor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tatateor (pad no dabinon)">tatateor</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bolitateor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bolitateor (pad no dabinon)">Bolitateor</a> bejäfon säkis tefü reigamod gudikün, tefs vü <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sifan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sifan (pad no dabinon)">sifan</a> e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tat (pad no dabinon)">tat</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dilam_n%C3%A4m%C3%A4das&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dilam nämädas (pad no dabinon)">dilam nämädas</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lon (pad no dabinon)">lon</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dalab&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dalab (pad no dabinon)">dalab</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sef&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sef (pad no dabinon)">sef</a> e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lib&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lib (pad no dabinon)">lib</a>. </p><p>Keblünans veütik jäfüde at binoms, bevü tikans bolitik votik, hiel <a href="/wiki/Platon" title="Platon">Platon</a>, hiel <a href="/wiki/Aristoteles" title="Aristoteles">Aristoteles</a>, hiel <a href="/w/index.php?title=Augustinus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Augustinus (pad no dabinon)">Augustinus</a>, hiel <a href="/w/index.php?title=Marsilius_di_Padua&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marsilius di Padua (pad no dabinon)">Marsilius di Padua</a>, hiel <a href="/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli" title="Niccolò Machiavelli">Niccolò Machiavelli</a>, hiel <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Hobbes" title="Thomas Hobbes">Thomas Hobbes</a>, hiel <a href="/wiki/John_Locke" title="John Locke">John Locke</a>, hiel <a href="/wiki/Jean-Jacques_Rousseau" title="Jean-Jacques Rousseau">Jean-Jacques Rousseau</a>, hiel <a href="/wiki/Immanuel_Kant" title="Immanuel Kant">Immanuel Kant</a>, hiel <a href="/wiki/Karl_Marx" title="Karl Marx">Karl Marx</a>, hiel <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mihail_Bakunin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mihail Bakunin (pad no dabinon)">Mihail Bakunin</a>, hiel <a href="/w/index.php?title=Carl_Schmitt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carl Schmitt (pad no dabinon)">Carl Schmitt</a>, jiel <a href="/wiki/Hannah_Arendt" title="Hannah Arendt">Hannah Arendt</a>, hiel <a href="/w/index.php?title=Karl_Popper&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Karl Popper (pad no dabinon)">Karl Popper</a> e hiel <a href="/w/index.php?title=Michel_Foucault&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Michel Foucault (pad no dabinon)">Michel Foucault</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Jäfüds_nulikum"><span id="J.C3.A4f.C3.BCds_nulikum"></span>Jäfüds nulikum</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Filosop&veaction=edit&section=19" title="Redakolöd dilädi: Jäfüds nulikum" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redakön</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> • </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Filosop&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section's source code: Jäfüds nulikum"><span>redakön fonäti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Filosop_tikäla_e_seveda"><span id="Filosop_tik.C3.A4la_e_seveda"></span>Filosop tikäla e seveda</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Filosop&veaction=edit&section=20" title="Redakolöd dilädi: Filosop tikäla e seveda" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redakön</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> • </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Filosop&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section's source code: Filosop tikäla e seveda"><span>redakön fonäti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Do jäfons me säkäds vemo bäldiks, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Filosop_tik%C3%A4la&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Filosop tikäla (pad no dabinon)">filosop tikäla</a> e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Filosop_seveda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Filosop seveda (pad no dabinon)">filosop seveda</a> binons jafüds nog nuliks ä yumöls lü jäfüds e nolavs nilöfiks, soäs <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sevedanolav&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sevedanolav (pad no dabinon)">sevedanolav</a> e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nevanolav&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nevanolav (pad no dabinon)">nevanolavs</a>. Zänodü ons tuvoy säkis tefü natäl <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tik%C3%A4l&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tikäl (pad no dabinon)">tikäla</a> e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Seved&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Seved (pad no dabinon)">seveda</a>, tefs vü <a href="/w/index.php?title=Koap&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Koap (pad no dabinon)">koap</a> e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lan (pad no dabinon)">lan</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=St%C3%B6f&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stöf (pad no dabinon)">stöf</a> e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tik%C3%A4l&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tikäl (pad no dabinon)">tikäl</a>. I mög <a href="/w/index.php?title=Libavil&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Libavil (pad no dabinon)">libavila</a>, äsi natäl stadas tikäla, ninäda seveda e senälas (els <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Qualia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Qualia (pad no dabinon)">qualia</a></i>) pavestigons fa jäfüd at. Tuvoy is i cödami <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sevedastad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sevedastad (pad no dabinon)">sevedastadas</a> distöfik, bespikami <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sagat_mekavik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sagat mekavik (pad no dabinon)">sagata mekavik</a>, döbati dientifa Ita e säkädi dabina mögik <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lailif_pos_deadam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lailif pos deadam (pad no dabinon)">lailifa pos deadam</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Menav_filosopik_nulädik"><span id="Menav_filosopik_nul.C3.A4dik"></span>Menav filosopik nulädik</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Filosop&veaction=edit&section=21" title="Redakolöd dilädi: Menav filosopik nulädik" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redakön</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> • </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Filosop&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section's source code: Menav filosopik nulädik"><span>redakön fonäti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Menav_filosopik_nul%C3%A4dik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Menav filosopik nulädik (pad no dabinon)">Menav filosopik nulädik</a> vestigon natäli mena, no as pösod, ab as bidasot. Ibä mens it bejäfons oni, binon natälo okmedit, labü leigüpo logam ninälik e plödik. Dabinamod mena pavestigon demölo nünis e lecedis nolavas valik. </p><p>Natäl mena binon fulü leräts. Plad mena in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Leval&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Leval (pad no dabinon)">leval</a>, tefs vü <a href="/wiki/Kuliv" title="Kuliv">kuliv</a> e <a href="/wiki/Nat" title="Nat">nat</a>, tefs vü men it e menef, säkäds <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gen%C3%B6f&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Genöf (pad no dabinon)">genöfa</a>, rouls <a href="/w/index.php?title=L%C3%B6f&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Löf (pad no dabinon)">löfa</a> e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dead&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dead (pad no dabinon)">deada</a> binons ans stabasäkas menava filosopik. Va men binon ma natäl oka gudik u badik, va mäpet e lied binons dils zesüdik dabina menik, va lif jenöfo labon siämöfi: i säkäds valik at dutons lü jäfüd at. Vestigon i zesüdis e fägis mena, soäs <a href="/w/index.php?title=Okjen%C3%B6f%C3%BCkam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Okjenöfükam (pad no dabinon)">okjenöfükam</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jaf%C3%A4l&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jafäl (pad no dabinon)">jafäl</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nited%C3%A4l&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nitedäl (pad no dabinon)">nitedäl</a>, nämädivili e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Votanil%C3%B6f&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Votanilöf (pad no dabinon)">votanilöf</a>, pubod: lib e sienam Votana. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ragiv:Woher_kommen_wir_Wer_sind_wir_Wohin_gehen_wir.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Woher_kommen_wir_Wer_sind_wir_Wohin_gehen_wir.jpg/600px-Woher_kommen_wir_Wer_sind_wir_Wohin_gehen_wir.jpg" decoding="async" width="600" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fc/Woher_kommen_wir_Wer_sind_wir_Wohin_gehen_wir.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="300" /></a><figcaption>Pänot: „Kiöpao kömobs-li? Kins binobs-li? Kiöpio golobs-li?“ (1897-98) hiela <a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Gauguin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paul Gauguin (pad no dabinon)">Paul Gauguin</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Filosopans veütik pö säkäds menavik ävöböls binoms hiel <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Aquinas" title="Thomas Aquinas">Thomas Aquinas</a>, hiel <a href="/wiki/Immanuel_Kant" title="Immanuel Kant">Immanuel Kant</a>, hiel <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Schopenhauer" title="Arthur Schopenhauer">Arthur Schopenhauer</a>, hiel <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Nietzsche" title="Friedrich Nietzsche">Friedrich Nietzsche</a>, hiel <a href="/w/index.php?title=S%C3%B8ren_Kierkegaard&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Søren Kierkegaard (pad no dabinon)">Søren Kierkegaard</a>, hiel <a href="/w/index.php?title=Max_Scheler&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Max Scheler (pad no dabinon)">Max Scheler</a>, hiel <a href="/w/index.php?title=Arnold_Gehlen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arnold Gehlen (pad no dabinon)">Arnold Gehlen</a>, hiel <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ernst_Cassirer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ernst Cassirer (pad no dabinon)">Ernst Cassirer</a>, hiel <a href="/w/index.php?title=Helmuth_Plessner&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Helmuth Plessner (pad no dabinon)">Helmuth Plessner</a> äsi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Klad:Dabinimans&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Klad:Dabinimans (pad no dabinon)">dabinimans valik</a>. </p><p>Pato ün dil telid tumyela 20id filosopans anik äkrütons teorodis dö natälapats valemik mena, vü kels samo (me kazets distik) hiel <a href="/w/index.php?title=Michel_Foucault&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Michel Foucault (pad no dabinon)">Michel Foucault</a> e hiel <a href="/w/index.php?title=J%C3%BCrgen_Habermas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jürgen Habermas (pad no dabinon)">Jürgen Habermas</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id=""></h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Filosop&veaction=edit&section=22" title="Redakolöd dilädi: " class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redakön</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> • </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Filosop&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section's source code: "><span>redakön fonäti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Müster_filosopik"><span id="M.C3.BCster_filosopik"></span>Müster filosopik</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Filosop&veaction=edit&section=23" title="Redakolöd dilädi: Müster filosopik" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redakön</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> • </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Filosop&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section's source code: Müster filosopik"><span>redakön fonäti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Do binets müsterik suvo äkomons pö vönaoloveikods filosopik vesüdänik e lofüdänik, suemod: „Müster filosopik“ binon nog nulik. Soäs el <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Philosophia_perennis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Philosophia perennis (pad no dabinon)">Philosophia perennis</a></i>, sagon, das dabinons verats laidüpik, necenöl ä valemo lonöföls demü lejenöf e men, ab votaflano kazeton, äs juläls müsterik valik, buami bina anu-ed-is atimik, veüti logedama nenzeilik, diniti jafäda e sinifi staböfik tefas vü dabin yegas e löl voläda. </p><p>Pö vobametod okik, müster filosopik golon etflanü sims tikäla e küpälükon dö sevs e sevamods belifoviks, ab i vüpösodiko sagoviks ä filosopiko bevoboviks. Temats cifik müstera filosopik binons vü votiks belifot nepubama teila vü küpedan e paküpedölos, kobükam taamas valik in God (el „<i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coincidentia_oppositorum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Coincidentia oppositorum (pad no dabinon)">coincidentia oppositorum</a></i>“), mög balama mena e Löla (el „<i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Unio_mystica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Unio mystica (pad no dabinon)">unio mystica</a></i>“) e kom godöfikosa pö men („<i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scintilla_animae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Scintilla animae (pad no dabinon)">scintilla animae</a></i>“). </p><p>Filosopans vesüdänik alik, pö kela tid binets müsterik patuvons, binons hiel <a href="/w/index.php?title=Plotinus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Plotinus (pad no dabinon)">Plotinus</a>, hiel <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mastan:_Eckhart&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mastan: Eckhart (pad no dabinon)">Mastan: Eckhart</a>, hiel <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nicolaus_se_Cusa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nicolaus se Cusa (pad no dabinon)">Nicolaus se Cusa</a>, hiel <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jakob_B%C3%B6hme&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jakob Böhme (pad no dabinon)">Jakob Böhme</a>, hiel <a href="/wiki/Gottfried_Wilhelm_Leibniz" class="mw-redirect" title="Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz">Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz</a>, hiel <a href="/wiki/Blaise_Pascal" title="Blaise Pascal">Blaise Pascal</a>, hiel <a href="/w/index.php?title=Baruch_de_Spinoza&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Baruch de Spinoza (pad no dabinon)">Baruch de Spinoza</a>, hiel <a href="/w/index.php?title=Martin_Heidegger&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Martin Heidegger (pad no dabinon)">Martin Heidegger</a>, jiel <a href="/wiki/Simone_Weil" title="Simone Weil">Simone Weil</a> e hiel <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ken_Wilber&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ken Wilber (pad no dabinon)">Ken Wilber</a>. Pro filosop neyuropik, bu val pro filosop lofüdänik, müster labon vönaoloveiko rouli vemo veütiki. Ön mod patedik lovegolon love mieds filosopa asi <a href="/wiki/Rel" title="Rel">rela</a>, samo el <a href="/w/index.php?title=Zen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zen (pad no dabinon)">zen</a>, el <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yoga&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yoga (pad no dabinon)">yoga</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sufim&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sufim (pad no dabinon)">sufim</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kabaal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kabaal (pad no dabinon)">kabaal</a> e <a href="/w/index.php?title=M%C3%BCster_kritik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Müster kritik (pad no dabinon)">müster kritik</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Literat">Literat</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Filosop&veaction=edit&section=24" title="Redakolöd dilädi: Literat" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redakön</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> • </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Filosop&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section's source code: Literat"><span>redakön fonäti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Platon, <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Politeia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Politeia (pad no dabinon)">Politeia</a></i> 514a-520d. (Ad zeil veratik blöfäda ela Plato: dugaroul bolitik filosopanas pö el <i>polis</i>, no nedoy küpälön is.)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Carl Friedrich von Weizsäcker, <i>Die Einheit der Natur</i> (Baläl Neta, 1971)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Smalot 35DK (<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/s:Fragmente_(Heraklit)" class="extiw" title="de:s:Fragmente (Heraklit)">vödem smalotas ela Herakleitos, ini Deutänapük petradutöl</a>).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Immanuel_Kant" title="Immanuel Kant">Immanuel Kant</a>. <i>Kritik der reinen Vernunft</i> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kr%C3%BCt_t%C3%A4l%C3%A4kta_rafinik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Krüt täläkta rafinik (pad no dabinon)">Krüt täläkta rafinik</a>), II 2 2</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Martin_Heidegger&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Martin Heidegger (pad no dabinon)">Martin Heidegger</a>. 1935. <i>Einführung in die Metaphysik</i> (Nüdugot ad metafüd).</span> </li> </ol> <div style="right:10px; display:none;" class="metadata topicon" id="featured-star"> <figure class="noresize" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/60/LinkFA-star.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="14" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="14" data-file-height="14" usemap="#ImageMap_84f8a2a5a7f8d014" /></span><map name="ImageMap_84f8a2a5a7f8d014"><area href="/wiki/V%C3%BCkiped:Yegeds_gudik" shape="rect" coords="0,0,14,14" alt="Atos binon yeged gudik." title="Atos binon yeged gudik." /></map><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Pekopiedon se „<a dir="ltr" href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Filosop&oldid=3311315">https://vo.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Filosop&oldid=3311315</a>“</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Patikos:Klads" title="Patikos:Klads">Klads</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Klad:Yegeds_gudik" title="Klad:Yegeds gudik">Yegeds gudik</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Klad:Filosop" title="Klad:Filosop">Filosop</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Klad:Yegeds_no_pefipen%C3%B6ls" title="Klad:Yegeds no pefipenöls">Yegeds no pefipenöls</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Klad:Yegeds_vipabik" title="Klad:Yegeds vipabik">Yegeds vipabik</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Pad at pävotükon lätiküno tü düp 16:10, ün 2024 novul 5id.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Vödem binon dagetovik bai stips ela <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License</a>; büdakips zuik kanons dabinön. 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