CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Football pitch - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"6f9bd621-3e78-4447-a9c4-4ed6178142cb","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Football_pitch","wgTitle":"Football pitch","wgCurRevisionId":1267486208,"wgRevisionId":1267486208,"wgArticleId":1894710,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Articles with short description","Short description is different from Wikidata","EngvarB from May 2013","Use dmy dates from December 2022","All articles with unsourced statements","Articles with unsourced statements from November 2023","Commons category link from Wikidata","Laws of association football","Sports rules and regulations","Sports venues by type","Grass field surfaces"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext", "wgRelevantPageName":"Football_pitch","wgRelevantArticleId":1894710,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":20000,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q8524","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"], "GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar", "ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.14"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Association_Football_field_diagram_-en.svg/1200px-Association_Football_field_diagram_-en.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="751"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Association_Football_field_diagram_-en.svg/800px-Association_Football_field_diagram_-en.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="501"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Association_Football_field_diagram_-en.svg/640px-Association_Football_field_diagram_-en.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="401"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Football pitch - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Football_pitch"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Football_pitch&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Football_pitch"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Football_pitch rootpage-Football_pitch skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" title="Main menu" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Football+pitch" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Football+pitch" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Football+pitch" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Football+pitch" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Pitch_boundary" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pitch_boundary"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Pitch boundary</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pitch_boundary-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Goals" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Goals"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Goals</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Goals-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Goals subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Goals-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-History_of_football_goals_and_nets" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History_of_football_goals_and_nets"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>History of football goals and nets</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History_of_football_goals_and_nets-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Penalty_and_goal_areas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Penalty_and_goal_areas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Penalty and goal areas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Penalty_and_goal_areas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_markings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_markings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Other markings</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_markings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Turf" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Turf"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Turf</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Turf-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Football pitch</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 48 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-48" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">48 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%A8_%D9%83%D8%B1%D8%A9_%D9%82%D8%AF%D9%85" title="ملعب كرة قدم – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ملعب كرة قدم" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Futbol_meydan%C3%A7as%C4%B1" title="Futbol meydançası – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Futbol meydançası" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AB%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%B2_%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A0" title="ফুটবল মাঠ – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ফুটবল মাঠ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kha-ki%C3%BB-ti%C3%BB%E2%81%BF" title="Kha-kiû-tiûⁿ – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Kha-kiû-tiûⁿ" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5" title="Футбольнае поле – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Футбольнае поле" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5" title="Футбольнае поле – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Футбольнае поле" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%B8%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%89%D0%B5" title="Футболно игрище – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Футболно игрище" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nogometno_igrali%C5%A1te" title="Nogometno igralište – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Nogometno igralište" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camp_de_futbol" title="Camp de futbol – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Camp de futbol" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB_%D1%83%D0%B9%C4%95" title="Футбол уйĕ – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Футбол уйĕ" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fodboldbane" title="Fodboldbane – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Fodboldbane" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%AF_%D9%83%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A9" title="تيران د كورة – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="تيران د كورة" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fu%C3%9Fballfeld" title="Fußballfeld – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Fußballfeld" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%93%CE%AE%CF%80%CE%B5%CE%B4%CE%BF_%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%B4%CE%BF%CF%83%CF%86%CE%B1%CE%AF%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%85" title="Γήπεδο ποδοσφαίρου – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Γήπεδο ποδοσφαίρου" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Futbol_zelai" title="Futbol zelai – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Futbol zelai" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86_%D9%81%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84" title="زمین فوتبال – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="زمین فوتبال" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loi_1_du_football" title="Loi 1 du football – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Loi 1 du football" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%B6%95%EA%B5%AC_%ED%95%84%EB%93%9C" title="축구 필드 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="축구 필드" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%96%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%BF%D5%A2%D5%B8%D5%AC%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB%D5%B6_%D5%A4%D5%A1%D5%B7%D5%BF" title="Ֆուտբոլային դաշտ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ֆուտբոլային դաշտ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="फुटबॉल का मैदान – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="फुटबॉल का मैदान" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nogometno_igrali%C5%A1te" title="Nogometno igralište – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Nogometno igralište" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lapangan_sepak_bola" title="Lapangan sepak bola – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Lapangan sepak bola" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Campo_da_calcio" title="Campo da calcio – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Campo da calcio" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A9%D7%93%D7%94_%D7%9E%D7%A9%D7%97%D7%A7_%D7%94%D7%9B%D7%93%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%92%D7%9C" title="שדה משחק הכדורגל – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="שדה משחק הכדורגל" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Futbola_laukums" title="Futbola laukums – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Futbola laukums" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Futbolo_aik%C5%A1t%C4%97" title="Futbolo aikštė – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Futbolo aikštė" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE_%D0%B8%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B5" title="Фудбалско игралиште – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Фудбалско игралиште" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Padang_bola_sepak" title="Padang bola sepak – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Padang bola sepak" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voetbalveld" title="Voetbalveld – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Voetbalveld" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B5%E3%83%83%E3%82%AB%E3%83%BC%E3%81%AE%E3%83%95%E3%82%A3%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AB%E3%83%89" title="サッカーのフィールド – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="サッカーのフィールド" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fotballbane" title="Fotballbane – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Fotballbane" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Futbol_maydoni" title="Futbol maydoni – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Futbol maydoni" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boisko" title="Boisko – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Boisko" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Campo_de_futebol" title="Campo de futebol – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Campo de futebol" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teren_de_fotbal" title="Teren de fotbal – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Teren de fotbal" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5" title="Футбольное поле – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Футбольное поле" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_football_pitch" title="Association football pitch – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Association football pitch" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fusbalplac" title="Fusbalplac – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Fusbalplac" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Фудбалски терен – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Фудбалски терен" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jalkapallokentt%C3%A4" title="Jalkapallokenttä – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Jalkapallokenttä" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spelplanen_(fotboll)" title="Spelplanen (fotboll) – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Spelplanen (fotboll)" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F_%E0%AE%86%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B3%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="கால்பந்தாட்ட ஆடுகளம் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="கால்பந்தாட்ட ஆடுகளம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A5" title="สนามฟุตบอล – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="สนามฟุตบอล" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Futbol_sahas%C4%B1" title="Futbol sahası – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Futbol sahası" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5" title="Футбольне поле – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Футбольне поле" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A2n_b%C3%B3ng_%C4%91%C3%A1" title="Sân bóng đá – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Sân bóng đá" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B6%B3%E7%90%83%E5%A0%B4" title="足球場 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="足球場" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B6%B3%E7%90%83%E5%A0%B4" title="足球場 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="足球場" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q8524#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Football_pitch" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Football_pitch" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Football_pitch"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Football_pitch&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Football_pitch&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Football_pitch"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Football_pitch&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Football_pitch&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Football_pitch" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Football_pitch" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Football_pitch&oldid=1267486208" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Football_pitch&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Football_pitch&id=1267486208&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FFootball_pitch"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FFootball_pitch"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Football_pitch&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Football_pitch&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Association_football_fields" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q8524" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Area for playing association football</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the playing field for the game of association football ("soccer"). For playing fields for other football codes, see <a href="/wiki/Football_field_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Football field (disambiguation)">Football field</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Association_Football_field_diagram_-en.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Association_Football_field_diagram_-en.svg/220px-Association_Football_field_diagram_-en.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Association_Football_field_diagram_-en.svg/330px-Association_Football_field_diagram_-en.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Association_Football_field_diagram_-en.svg/440px-Association_Football_field_diagram_-en.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="3426" data-file-height="2144" /></a><figcaption>Standard pitch measurements, with permitted ranges for length and width. The preferred size for many professional teams' stadiums is 115 by 74 yards (105 by 68 metres).</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Association_Football_Pitch_1898.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Association_Football_Pitch_1898.png/220px-Association_Football_Pitch_1898.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="265" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Association_Football_Pitch_1898.png/330px-Association_Football_Pitch_1898.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Association_Football_Pitch_1898.png/440px-Association_Football_Pitch_1898.png 2x" data-file-width="1122" data-file-height="1354" /></a><figcaption>Association football pitch (1898)</figcaption></figure> <p>A <b>football pitch</b> or <b>soccer field</b> is the playing surface for the game of <a href="/wiki/Association_football" title="Association football">association football</a>. Its dimensions and markings are defined by Law 1 of the <a href="/wiki/Laws_of_the_Game_(association_football)" title="Laws of the Game (association football)">Laws of the Game</a>, "The Field of Play".<sup id="cite_ref-Law1_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Law1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The pitch is typically made of natural <a href="/wiki/Sod" title="Sod">turf</a> or <a href="/wiki/Artificial_turf" title="Artificial turf">artificial turf</a>, although amateur and recreational teams often play on dirt fields. Artificial surfaces are allowed only to be green in colour.<sup id="cite_ref-Law1_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Law1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>All line markings on the <a href="/wiki/Pitch_(sports)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pitch (sports)">pitch</a> form part of the area which they define. For example, a ball on or above the <a href="/wiki/Touchline" class="mw-redirect" title="Touchline">touchline</a> is still on the field of play, and a foul committed over the line bounding the <a href="/wiki/Penalty_area" title="Penalty area">penalty area</a> results in a penalty. Therefore, a ball has to completely cross the touchline to be out of play, and a ball has to fully cross the goal line (between the goal posts) in order for a goal to be scored; if any part of the ball is still on or above the line, a goal is not scored and the ball is still in play.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The field descriptions that apply to adult matches are described below. Because of the role of the British football associations in the history of the game, the dimensions of the field of play were originally formulated and expressed in <a href="/wiki/Imperial_units" title="Imperial units">imperial units</a>. Since 1999, the Laws of the Game have preferred <a href="/wiki/SI" class="mw-redirect" title="SI">metric</a> units, with imperial equivalents given only in brackets. Because the actual values have, in general, not changed since the early twentieth century, they tend to be round numbers in imperial units (for example the width of the goal, unchanged since 1863, is 8 yards (7.32 metres)). Use of the imperial values remains common, especially in the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pitch_boundary">Pitch boundary</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Football_pitch&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Pitch boundary"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Goal_line_at_Old_Trafford_1992.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Goal_line_at_Old_Trafford_1992.JPG/220px-Goal_line_at_Old_Trafford_1992.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Goal_line_at_Old_Trafford_1992.JPG/330px-Goal_line_at_Old_Trafford_1992.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/df/Goal_line_at_Old_Trafford_1992.JPG 2x" data-file-width="342" data-file-height="202" /></a><figcaption>The goal line at the Stretford End of <a href="/wiki/Old_Trafford" title="Old Trafford">Old Trafford</a> in Manchester (1992)</figcaption></figure> <p>The pitch is rectangular in shape. The shorter sides are called goal lines and the longer sides are called the touchlines. The two goal lines are between 50 and 100 yards (46 and 91 metres) wide and have to be of the same length.<sup id="cite_ref-LOTGp7_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LOTGp7-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The two touchlines are between 100 and 130 yards (91 and 119 metres) long and have to be of the same length.<sup id="cite_ref-LOTGp7_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LOTGp7-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> All lines on the ground are equally wide, not to exceed 12 centimetres (5 inches).<sup id="cite_ref-LOTGp7_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LOTGp7-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The corners of the pitch are marked by corner flags.<sup id="cite_ref-LOTGp8_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LOTGp8-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>For international matches the field dimensions are more tightly constrained; the goal lines are between 70 and 80 yards (64 and 75 metres) wide and the touchlines are between 110 and 120 yards (100 and 110 metres) long.<sup id="cite_ref-LOTGp7_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LOTGp7-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The majority of top-level professional football pitches, including those belonging to teams in the English Premier League, measure 112 to 115 yards (102.4 to 105.2 metres) long and 70 to 75 yards (64.0 to 68.6 metres) wide.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Although the term <i>goal line</i> is often taken to mean only that part of the line between the goalposts, in fact it refers to the complete line at either end of the pitch, from one corner flag to the other. In contrast the term <i>byline</i> (or <i>by-line</i>) is often used to refer to that portion of the goal line outside the goalposts. This term is commonly used in football commentaries and match descriptions.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Goals">Goals</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Football_pitch&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Goals"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Scoring_in_association_football" title="Scoring in association football">Scoring in association football</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Football_goal_20050521.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Football_goal_20050521.jpg/220px-Football_goal_20050521.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="137" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Football_goal_20050521.jpg/330px-Football_goal_20050521.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Football_goal_20050521.jpg/440px-Football_goal_20050521.jpg 2x" data-file-width="981" data-file-height="611" /></a><figcaption>A football goal</figcaption></figure> <p><i><a href="/wiki/Goal_(sports)" title="Goal (sports)">Goals</a></i> are placed at the centre of each goal-line.<sup id="cite_ref-LOTGp9_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LOTGp9-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These consist of two upright posts placed equidistant from the corner flagposts, joined at the top by a horizontal crossbar. The inner edges of the posts are regulated to be 8 yards (7.32 metres) (wide) apart, and the lower edge of the crossbar is elevated to 8 feet (2.44 metres) above the pitch. As a result, the area that players shoot at is 192 square feet (17.84 square metres).<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nets are usually placed behind the goal, though are not required by the Laws.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Goalpost" class="mw-redirect" title="Goalpost">Goalposts</a> and <a href="/wiki/Goal_(sport)" class="mw-redirect" title="Goal (sport)">crossbars</a> have to be white and made of <a href="/wiki/Wood" title="Wood">wood</a>, <a href="/wiki/Metal" title="Metal">metal</a> or other approved material. Rules regarding the shape of goalposts and crossbars are somewhat more lenient, but they have to conform to a shape that does not pose a threat to players. Despite this, injuries due to goalpost collisions are still quite common, and not much research goes into this aspect of player safety.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Recent developments in material science, however, have shown that there are a variety of materials that can be used to coat goalposts to reduce impact on players, hence improving safety. The majority of these materials come from various mixtures of polymers with desirable properties. An example of this would be a mixture made of 63% by weight of <a href="/wiki/Methyl_methacrylate" title="Methyl methacrylate">methyl methacrylate</a>, 32% by weight of <a href="/wiki/Polyethylene_glycol" title="Polyethylene glycol">polyethylene glycol</a>, crosslinked with 5% by weight of <a href="/wiki/Ethylene_glycol_dimethacrylate" title="Ethylene glycol dimethacrylate">ethylene glycol dimethacrylate</a>. This has up to a 99% shape recovery rate with very heavy impacts (such as that of a high speed player hitting the post), and deform significantly enough so as to reduce the impact on the player. This significantly improves player safety, while sacrificing very little in terms of function of the goal post.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>A <a href="/wiki/Scoring_in_association_football" title="Scoring in association football">goal is scored</a> when the ball fully crosses the goal line between the goal-posts and beneath the crossbar, even if a defending player last touched the ball before it crossed the goal line (see <a href="/wiki/Own_goal" title="Own goal">own goal</a>). A goal may, however, be ruled illegal (and void by the referee) if the player who scored or a member of their team commits an offence under any of the laws between the time the ball was previously out of play and the goal being scored. It is also deemed void if a player on the opposing team commits an offence before the ball has passed the line, as in the case of fouls being committed, a penalty awarded but the ball continued on a path that caused it to cross the goal line.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The football goal size for a junior match goal is approximately half the size of an adult sized match goal.<sup id="cite_ref-Quickplay_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Quickplay-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="History_of_football_goals_and_nets">History of football goals and nets</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Football_pitch&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: History of football goals and nets"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Football goals were first described in England in the late 16th and early 17th centuries. In 1584 and 1602 respectively, <a href="/wiki/John_Norden" title="John Norden">John Norden</a> and <a href="/wiki/Richard_Carew_(antiquary)" title="Richard Carew (antiquary)">Richard Carew</a> referred to "goals" in <a href="/wiki/Cornish_hurling" title="Cornish hurling">Cornish hurling</a>. Carew described how goals were made: "they pitch two bushes in the ground, some eight or ten foote asunder; and directly against them, ten or twelue [twelve] score off, other twayne in like distance, which they terme their Goales".<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first reference to <i>scoring a goal</i> is in <a href="/wiki/John_Day_(dramatist)" title="John Day (dramatist)">John Day</a>'s play <i>The Blind Beggar of Bethnal Green</i> (performed circa 1600; published 1659). Similarly in a poem in 1613, <a href="/wiki/Michael_Drayton" title="Michael Drayton">Michael Drayton</a> refers to "when the Ball to throw, And drive it to the Gole, in squadrons forth they goe". Solid crossbars were first introduced by the <a href="/wiki/Sheffield_Rules" title="Sheffield Rules">Sheffield Rules</a>. Football nets were invented by <a href="/wiki/Liverpool" title="Liverpool">Liverpool</a> engineer <a href="/wiki/John_Alexander_Brodie" title="John Alexander Brodie">John Brodie</a> in 1891,<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and they were a necessary help for discussions about whether or not a goal had been scored.<sup id="cite_ref-Hornby13_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hornby13-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Penalty_and_goal_areas">Penalty and goal areas<span class="anchor" id="goal_area"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Football_pitch&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Penalty and goal areas"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Penalty_area" title="Penalty area">Penalty area</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Flickr_RangersZenit1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Flickr_RangersZenit1.jpg/220px-Flickr_RangersZenit1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Flickr_RangersZenit1.jpg/330px-Flickr_RangersZenit1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Flickr_RangersZenit1.jpg/440px-Flickr_RangersZenit1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="685" /></a><figcaption>The <i>penalty area</i> is the large marked rectangular area. The smaller rectangle within it is the <i>goal area</i> (here, the yellow-shirted goalkeeper is the only player in the goal area). The <i>penalty arc</i> is the curved line adjoining the "top" of the penalty area (here, the red-shirted referee is standing near the arc).</figcaption></figure> <p>Two rectangular boxes are marked out on the pitch in front of each goal.<sup id="cite_ref-LOTGp7_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LOTGp7-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <i>goal area</i> (colloquially the <i>"six-yard box"</i>), consists of the rectangle formed by the goal-line, two lines starting on the goal-line 6 yards (5.49 metres) from the goalposts and extending 6 yards (5.49 metres) into the pitch from the goal-line, and the line joining these, i.e. they are a rectangle 6 yards (5.49 metres) by 20 yards (18.29 metres). Goal kicks and any free kick by the defending team may be taken from anywhere in this area. FIFA's laws of the game stipulates that: "All free kicks are taken from the place where the offence occurred, except: indirect free kicks to the attacking team for an offence inside the opponents' goal area are taken from the nearest point on the goal area line which runs parallel to the goal line, and free kicks to the defending team in their goal area may be taken from anywhere in that area."<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <i>penalty area</i> (colloquially <i>"the 18-yard box"</i> or just <i>"the box"</i>) is similarly formed by the goal-line and lines extending from it, but its lines start 18 yards (16.46 metres) from the goalposts and extend 18 yards (16.46 metres) into the field. i.e. this is a rectangle 44 yards (40.23 metres) by 18 yards (16.46 metres). This area has a number of functions, the most prominent being to denote where the <a href="/wiki/Goalkeeper_(football)" class="mw-redirect" title="Goalkeeper (football)">goalkeeper</a> may handle the ball and where a foul by a defender, usually punished by a direct free kick, becomes punishable by a <a href="/wiki/Penalty_kick_(association_football)" title="Penalty kick (association football)">penalty kick</a>. Both the goal and penalty areas were formed as semicircles until 1902.<sup id="cite_ref-Hornby13_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hornby13-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <i>penalty mark</i> (colloquially <i>"the penalty spot"</i> or just <i>"the spot"</i>) is 12 yards (10.97 metres) in front of the very centre of the goal: this is the point from where penalty kicks are taken.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The <i>penalty arc</i> (colloquially <i>"the D"</i>) is marked from the outside edge of the penalty area, 10 yards (9.14 metres) from the penalty mark; this, along with the penalty area, marks an exclusion zone for all players other than the penalty kicker and defending goalkeeper during a penalty kick.<sup id="cite_ref-LOTGp42_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LOTGp42-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Other_markings">Other markings</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Football_pitch&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Other markings"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <i>centre circle</i> is marked at 10 yards (9.14 metres) from the <i>centre mark</i>. Similar to the penalty arc, this indicates the minimum distance that opposing players have to keep at <a href="/wiki/Kick-off_(association_football)" title="Kick-off (association football)">kick-off</a>; the ball itself is placed on the <i>centre mark</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Hornby13_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hornby13-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During <a href="/wiki/Penalty_shootout_(football)" class="mw-redirect" title="Penalty shootout (football)">penalty shootouts</a> all players other than the two goalkeepers and the current kicker are required to remain within this circle.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The <i>half-way line</i> divides the pitch in two. The half which a team defends is commonly referred to as being their half. Players have to be located within their own half at a kick-off and may not be penalised as being <a href="/wiki/Offside_(association_football)" title="Offside (association football)">offside</a> in their own half. The intersections between the half-way line and the touchline can be indicated with flags like those marking the corners – the laws consider this as an optional feature.<sup id="cite_ref-LOTGp8_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LOTGp8-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The arcs in the <i>corners</i> denote the area (within 1 yard (0.91 metres) of the corner) in which the ball has to be placed for corner kicks; opposition players have to be 10 yards (9.14 metres) away during a corner, and there may be optional lines off-pitch 10 yards (9.14 metres) away from the corner arc on the goal- and touch-lines to help gauge these distances.<sup id="cite_ref-LOTGp9_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LOTGp9-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Turf">Turf</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Football_pitch&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Turf"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Sports_turf" class="mw-redirect" title="Sports turf">Sports turf</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lapangan_Sido_Makmur_Mentawai.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Lapangan_Sido_Makmur_Mentawai.jpg/220px-Lapangan_Sido_Makmur_Mentawai.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Lapangan_Sido_Makmur_Mentawai.jpg/330px-Lapangan_Sido_Makmur_Mentawai.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Lapangan_Sido_Makmur_Mentawai.jpg/440px-Lapangan_Sido_Makmur_Mentawai.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2174" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sido_Makmur_SP_II_Field&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sido Makmur SP II Field (page does not exist)">Sido Makmur SP II Field</a> turf located in Indonesia</figcaption></figure> <p>Grass is the normal surface of play, although <a href="/wiki/Artificial_turf" title="Artificial turf">artificial turf</a> may sometimes be used especially in locations where maintenance of grass may be difficult due to inclement weather. This may include areas where it is very wet, causing the grass to deteriorate rapidly; where it is very dry, causing the grass to die; and where the turf is under heavy use. Artificial turf pitches are also increasingly common in the <a href="/wiki/Nordic_countries" title="Nordic countries">Nordic countries</a>, due to the amount of snow during the winter months. The strain put on grass pitches by the cold climate and subsequent snow clearing has necessitated the installation of artificial turf in the stadia of many top-tier clubs in Norway, Sweden and Finland. The latest artificial surfaces use rubber crumbs, as opposed to the previous system of sand infill. Some leagues and football associations have specifically prohibited artificial surfaces due to injury concerns and require teams' home stadia to have grass pitches. All artificial turf has to be green and also meet the requirements specified in the FIFA Quality Concept for Football Turf.<sup id="cite_ref-LOTGp6_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LOTGp6-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-artturf_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-artturf-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Football can also be played on a dirt or gravel field. In most parts of the world dirt is used only for casual recreational play.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In the winter the pitch may be used for <a href="/wiki/Bandy" title="Bandy">bandy</a> (similar to ice hockey) by being filled with water which is allowed to freeze.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Football_pitch&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Football_field_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Football field (disambiguation)">Football field</a> (for each sport called "football")</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turf_management" title="Turf management">Turf management</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Groundskeeping" title="Groundskeeping">Groundskeeping</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Football_pitch&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Law1-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Law1_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Law1_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theifab.com/laws/latest/the-field-of-play/#field-surface">"Law 1 - The Field of Play | IFAB"</a>. <i>www.theifab.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 February</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.theifab.com&rft.atitle=Law+1+-+The+Field+of+Play+%7C+IFAB&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theifab.com%2Flaws%2Flatest%2Fthe-field-of-play%2F%23field-surface&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFootball+pitch" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theifab.com/laws/latest/the-ball-in-and-out-of-play/#ball-out-of-play">"Law 9 - The Ball in and out of Play | IFAB"</a>. <i>www.theifab.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 February</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.theifab.com&rft.atitle=Law+9+-+The+Ball+in+and+out+of+Play+%7C+IFAB&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theifab.com%2Flaws%2Flatest%2Fthe-ball-in-and-out-of-play%2F%23ball-out-of-play&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFootball+pitch" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-LOTGp7-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-LOTGp7_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-LOTGp7_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-LOTGp7_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-LOTGp7_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-LOTGp7_3-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110727005909/http://www.fifa.com/mm/document/affederation/generic/81/42/36/lawsofthegame%5f2011%5f12e.pdf">"Laws of the Game 2011/2012"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. FIFA. p. 7. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fifa.com/mm/document/affederation/generic/81/42/36/lawsofthegame_2011_12e.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 27 July 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 August</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Laws+of+the+Game+2011%2F2012&rft.pages=7&rft.pub=FIFA&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fifa.com%2Fmm%2Fdocument%2Faffederation%2Fgeneric%2F81%2F42%2F36%2Flawsofthegame_2011_12e.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFootball+pitch" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-LOTGp8-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-LOTGp8_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-LOTGp8_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110727005909/http://www.fifa.com/mm/document/affederation/generic/81/42/36/lawsofthegame%5f2011%5f12e.pdf">"Laws of the Game 2011/2012"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. FIFA. p. 8. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fifa.com/mm/document/affederation/generic/81/42/36/lawsofthegame_2011_12e.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 27 July 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 August</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Laws+of+the+Game+2011%2F2012&rft.pages=8&rft.pub=FIFA&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fifa.com%2Fmm%2Fdocument%2Faffederation%2Fgeneric%2F81%2F42%2F36%2Flawsofthegame_2011_12e.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFootball+pitch" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.networldsports.co.uk/buyers-guides/football-pitch-size-guide">football pitch size guide</a> Net World Sports</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/africa/2982466.stm">"Result: Nigeria 0-3 Brazil"</a>. 11 June 2003<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 February</span> 2024</span>. <q>Udeze gets to the left byline and his looping cross is cleared...</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Result%3A+Nigeria+0-3+Brazil&rft.date=2003-06-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2Fsport2%2Fhi%2Ffootball%2Fafrica%2F2982466.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFootball+pitch" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-LOTGp9-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-LOTGp9_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-LOTGp9_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110727005909/http://www.fifa.com/mm/document/affederation/generic/81/42/36/lawsofthegame%5f2011%5f12e.pdf">"Laws of the Game 2011/2012"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. FIFA. p. 9. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fifa.com/mm/document/affederation/generic/81/42/36/lawsofthegame_2011_12e.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 27 July 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 August</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Laws+of+the+Game+2011%2F2012&rft.pages=9&rft.pub=FIFA&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fifa.com%2Fmm%2Fdocument%2Faffederation%2Fgeneric%2F81%2F42%2F36%2Flawsofthegame_2011_12e.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFootball+pitch" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130717074432/http://www.fifa.com/mm/document/footballdevelopment/refereeing/81/42/36/log2013en_neutral.pdf">"Laws of the Game : 2013/2014"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. FIFA. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fifa.com/mm/document/footballdevelopment/refereeing/81/42/36/log2013en_neutral.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 17 July 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 September</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Laws+of+the+Game+%3A+2013%2F2014&rft.pub=FIFA&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fifa.com%2Fmm%2Fdocument%2Ffootballdevelopment%2Frefereeing%2F81%2F42%2F36%2Flog2013en_neutral.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFootball+pitch" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Quickplay-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Quickplay_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.quickplaysport.com/football-goal-sizes">"Football Goal Size"</a>. Quickplay Sport<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 March</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Football+Goal+Size&rft.pub=Quickplay+Sport&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.quickplaysport.com%2Ffootball-goal-sizes&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFootball+pitch" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRichard_Carew" class="citation web cs1">Richard Carew. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20070929134358/http://www.gutenberg.org/dirs/etext06/srvcr10.txt">"EBook of The Survey of Cornwall"</a>. Project Gutenberg. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gutenberg.org/dirs/etext06/srvcr10.txt">the original</a> on 29 September 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 October</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=EBook+of+The+Survey+of+Cornwall&rft.pub=Project+Gutenberg&rft.au=Richard+Carew&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gutenberg.org%2Fdirs%2Fetext06%2Fsrvcr10.txt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFootball+pitch" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHerbert2000" class="citation news cs1">Herbert, Ian (7 July 2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/this-britain/blue-plaque-for-man-who-invented-football-goal-net-707003.html">"Blue plaque for man who invented football goal net"</a>. <i>The Independent</i>. London. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100406024509/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/this-britain/blue-plaque-for-man-who-invented-football-goal-net-707003.html">Archived</a> from the original on 6 April 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 April</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=Blue+plaque+for+man+who+invented+football+goal+net&rft.date=2000-07-07&rft.aulast=Herbert&rft.aufirst=Ian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk%2Fthis-britain%2Fblue-plaque-for-man-who-invented-football-goal-net-707003.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFootball+pitch" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hornby13-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Hornby13_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hornby13_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hornby13_12-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHornby2000" class="citation book cs1">Hornby, Hugh (2000). <i>Football</i>. Dorling Kindersley Ltd. p. 13. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/8778267633" title="Special:BookSources/8778267633"><bdi>8778267633</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Football&rft.pages=13&rft.pub=Dorling+Kindersley+Ltd&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=8778267633&rft.aulast=Hornby&rft.aufirst=Hugh&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFootball+pitch" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://downloads.theifab.com/downloads/laws-of-the-game-2021-22">"Laws of the Game 2021/22: Law 13: Free Kicks (PDF)"</a>. The International Football Association Board. 1 July 2021. p. 113<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Laws+of+the+Game+2021%2F22%3A+Law+13%3A+Free+Kicks+%28PDF%29&rft.pages=113&rft.pub=The+International+Football+Association+Board&rft.date=2021-07-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdownloads.theifab.com%2Fdownloads%2Flaws-of-the-game-2021-22&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFootball+pitch" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-LOTGp42-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-LOTGp42_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110727005909/http://www.fifa.com/mm/document/affederation/generic/81/42/36/lawsofthegame%5f2011%5f12e.pdf">"Laws of the Game 2011/2012"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. FIFA. p. 42. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fifa.com/mm/document/affederation/generic/81/42/36/lawsofthegame_2011_12e.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 27 July 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 March</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Laws+of+the+Game+2011%2F2012&rft.pages=42&rft.pub=FIFA&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fifa.com%2Fmm%2Fdocument%2Faffederation%2Fgeneric%2F81%2F42%2F36%2Flawsofthegame_2011_12e.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFootball+pitch" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-LOTGp6-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-LOTGp6_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110727005909/http://www.fifa.com/mm/document/affederation/generic/81/42/36/lawsofthegame%5f2011%5f12e.pdf">"Laws of the Game 2011/2012"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. FIFA. p. 6. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fifa.com/mm/document/affederation/generic/81/42/36/lawsofthegame_2011_12e.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 27 July 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 August</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Laws+of+the+Game+2011%2F2012&rft.pages=6&rft.pub=FIFA&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fifa.com%2Fmm%2Fdocument%2Faffederation%2Fgeneric%2F81%2F42%2F36%2Flawsofthegame_2011_12e.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFootball+pitch" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-artturf-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-artturf_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091123034512/http://www.fifa.com/mm/document/afdeveloping/pitchequip/fqc_football_turf_folder_342.pdf">"FIFA Quality Concept for Football Turf"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. FIFA. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fifa.com/mm/document/afdeveloping/pitchequip/fqc_football_turf_folder_342.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 23 November 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 February</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=FIFA+Quality+Concept+for+Football+Turf&rft.pub=FIFA&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fifa.com%2Fmm%2Fdocument%2Fafdeveloping%2Fpitchequip%2Ffqc_football_turf_folder_342.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFootball+pitch" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091123034512/http://www.fifa.com/mm/document/afdeveloping/pitchequip/fqc_football_turf_folder_342.pdf">"FIFA Quality Concept"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fifa.com/mm/document/afdeveloping/pitchequip/fqc_football_turf_folder_342.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 23 November 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 February</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=FIFA+Quality+Concept&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fifa.com%2Fmm%2Fdocument%2Fafdeveloping%2Fpitchequip%2Ffqc_football_turf_folder_342.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFootball+pitch" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Football_pitch&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPantelićRađaErcegMilanović2019" class="citation journal cs1">Pantelić, Saša; Rađa, Ante; Erceg, Marko; Milanović, Zoran; Trajković, Nebojša; Stojanović, Emilija; Krustrup, Peter; Randers, Morten B. (2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.termedia.pl/Relative-pitch-area-plays-an-important-role-in-movement-pattern-and-intensity-in-recreational-male-football,78,34601,0,1.html">"Relative pitch area plays an important role in movement pattern and intensity in recreational male football"</a>. <i>Biology of Sport</i>. <b>36</b> (2): <span class="nowrap">119–</span>124. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.5114%2Fbiolsport.2019.81113">10.5114/biolsport.2019.81113</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6561223">6561223</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31223188">31223188</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biology+of+Sport&rft.atitle=Relative+pitch+area+plays+an+important+role+in+movement+pattern+and+intensity+in+recreational+male+football&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E119-%3C%2Fspan%3E124&rft.date=2019&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC6561223%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F31223188&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.5114%2Fbiolsport.2019.81113&rft.aulast=Panteli%C4%87&rft.aufirst=Sa%C5%A1a&rft.au=Ra%C4%91a%2C+Ante&rft.au=Erceg%2C+Marko&rft.au=Milanovi%C4%87%2C+Zoran&rft.au=Trajkovi%C4%87%2C+Neboj%C5%A1a&rft.au=Stojanovi%C4%87%2C+Emilija&rft.au=Krustrup%2C+Peter&rft.au=Randers%2C+Morten+B.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.termedia.pl%2FRelative-pitch-area-plays-an-important-role-in-movement-pattern-and-intensity-in-recreational-male-football%2C78%2C34601%2C0%2C1.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFootball+pitch" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcGuckianColeChalkleyJordet2020" class="citation journal cs1">McGuckian, Thomas B.; Cole, Michael H.; Chalkley, Daniel; Jordet, Geir; Pepping, Gert-Jan (2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/02640414.2020.1723375">"Constraints on visual exploration of youth football players during 11v11 match-play: The influence of playing role, pitch position and phase of play"</a>. <i>Journal of Sports Sciences</i>. <b>38</b> (6). Taylor & Francis Online: <span class="nowrap">658–</span>668. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F02640414.2020.1723375">10.1080/02640414.2020.1723375</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32009533">32009533</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:211014769">211014769</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Sports+Sciences&rft.atitle=Constraints+on+visual+exploration+of+youth+football+players+during+11v11+match-play%3A+The+influence+of+playing+role%2C+pitch+position+and+phase+of+play&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=6&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E658-%3C%2Fspan%3E668&rft.date=2020&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A211014769%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F32009533&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F02640414.2020.1723375&rft.aulast=McGuckian&rft.aufirst=Thomas+B.&rft.au=Cole%2C+Michael+H.&rft.au=Chalkley%2C+Daniel&rft.au=Jordet%2C+Geir&rft.au=Pepping%2C+Gert-Jan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tandfonline.com%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1080%2F02640414.2020.1723375&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFootball+pitch" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Football_pitch&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Association_football_fields" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Association football fields">Association football fields</a> at Wikimedia Commons</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Laws_of_the_Game_(rules_of_association_football)211" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Association_football_laws" title="Template:Association football laws"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Association_football_laws" title="Template talk:Association football laws"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Association_football_laws" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Association football laws"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Laws_of_the_Game_(rules_of_association_football)211" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Laws_of_the_Game_(association_football)" title="Laws of the Game (association football)">Laws of the Game</a> (rules of <a href="/wiki/Association_football" title="Association football">association football</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_association_football_terms" title="Glossary of association football terms">Terms</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Law 1: <a class="mw-selflink selflink">The Field of Play</a></li> <li>Law 2: <a href="/wiki/Ball_(association_football)" title="Ball (association football)">The Ball</a></li> <li>Law 3: <a href="/wiki/Association_football#Players,_equipment,_and_officials" title="Association football">The Number of Players</a></li> <li>Law 4: <a href="/wiki/Kit_(association_football)" title="Kit (association football)">The Players' Equipment</a></li> <li>Law 5: <a href="/wiki/Referee_(association_football)" title="Referee (association football)">The Referee</a></li> <li>Law 6: <a href="/wiki/Assistant_referee_(association_football)" title="Assistant referee (association football)">The Other Match Officials</a></li> <li>Law 7: <a href="/wiki/Association_football#Duration_and_tie-breaking_methods" title="Association football">The Duration of the Match</a></li> <li>Law 8: <a href="/wiki/The_start_and_restart_of_play" class="mw-redirect" title="The start and restart of play">The Start and Restart of Play</a></li> <li>Law 9: <a href="/wiki/Ball_in_and_out_of_play" title="Ball in and out of play">The Ball In and Out of Play</a></li> <li>Law 10: <a href="/wiki/Determining_the_outcome_of_a_match_(association_football)" title="Determining the outcome of a match (association football)">Determining the Outcome of a Match</a> (<a href="/wiki/Scoring_in_association_football" title="Scoring in association football">scoring</a>)</li> <li>Law 11: <a href="/wiki/Offside_(association_football)" title="Offside (association football)">Offside</a></li> <li>Law 12: <a href="/wiki/Fouls_and_misconduct_(association_football)" title="Fouls and misconduct (association football)">Fouls and Misconduct</a></li> <li>Law 13: <a href="/wiki/Free_kick_(association_football)" title="Free kick (association football)">The Free Kick</a></li> <li>Law 14: <a href="/wiki/Penalty_kick_(association_football)" title="Penalty kick (association football)">The Penalty Kick</a></li> <li>Law 15: <a href="/wiki/Throw-in" title="Throw-in">The Throw-In</a></li> <li>Law 16: <a href="/wiki/Goal_kick" title="Goal kick">The Goal Kick</a></li> <li>Law 17: <a href="/wiki/Corner_kick" title="Corner kick">The Corner Kick</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Comparisons</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_association_football_and_rugby_union" title="Comparison of association football and rugby union">Rugby union</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/International_Football_Association_Board" title="International Football Association Board">IFAB</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/15px-Flag_of_England.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/23px-Flag_of_England.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/30px-Flag_of_England.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="480" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/The_Football_Association" title="The Football Association">The Football Association</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Flag_of_Scotland.svg/15px-Flag_of_Scotland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Flag_of_Scotland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Scotland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Flag_of_Scotland.svg/30px-Flag_of_Scotland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Football_Association" title="Scottish Football Association">Scottish Football Association</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_of_Wales.svg/15px-Flag_of_Wales.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_of_Wales.svg/23px-Flag_of_Wales.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_of_Wales.svg/30px-Flag_of_Wales.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="480" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Football_Association_of_Wales" title="Football Association of Wales">Football Association of Wales</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Flag_of_Northern_Ireland_%281953%E2%80%931972%29.svg/15px-Flag_of_Northern_Ireland_%281953%E2%80%931972%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Flag_of_Northern_Ireland_%281953%E2%80%931972%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Northern_Ireland_%281953%E2%80%931972%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Flag_of_Northern_Ireland_%281953%E2%80%931972%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_Northern_Ireland_%281953%E2%80%931972%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Irish_Football_Association" title="Irish Football Association">Irish Football Association</a></span></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Flag_of_FIFA.svg/15px-Flag_of_FIFA.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Flag_of_FIFA.svg/23px-Flag_of_FIFA.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Flag_of_FIFA.svg/30px-Flag_of_FIFA.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="683" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/FIFA" title="FIFA">FIFA</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sheffield_Rules" title="Sheffield Rules">Sheffield Rules</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cambridge_rules" title="Cambridge rules">Cambridge rules</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Football_pitch&oldid=1267486208">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Football_pitch&oldid=1267486208</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Laws_of_association_football" title="Category:Laws of association football">Laws of association football</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Sports_rules_and_regulations" title="Category:Sports rules and regulations">Sports rules and regulations</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Sports_venues_by_type" title="Category:Sports venues by type">Sports venues by type</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Grass_field_surfaces" title="Category:Grass field surfaces">Grass field surfaces</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:EngvarB_from_May_2013" title="Category:EngvarB from May 2013">EngvarB from May 2013</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_December_2022" title="Category:Use dmy dates from December 2022">Use dmy dates from December 2022</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements" title="Category:All articles with unsourced statements">All articles with unsourced statements</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_November_2023" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from November 2023">Articles with unsourced statements from November 2023</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Commons category link from Wikidata">Commons category link from Wikidata</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 5 January 2025, at 09:14<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Football_pitch&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" lang="en" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-header-container vector-sticky-header-container"> <div id="vector-sticky-header" class="vector-sticky-header"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-start"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-start vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" aria-hidden="true"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-sticky-header-search-toggle" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.vector-sticky-search-form.icon"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </button> </div> <div role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box"> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="vector-sticky-search-form" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia"> <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-sticky-header-toc vector-sticky-header-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-sticky-header-toc-label" for="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar-primary" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="mw-page-title-main">Football pitch</span></div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-end" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icons"> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-talk-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="talk-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbles mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbles"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-subject-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="subject-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-article mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-article"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-history-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="history-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-history mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-history"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only mw-watchlink" id="ca-watchstar-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="watch-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-star mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-star"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="wikitext-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikiText mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-wikiText"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-ve-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-viewsource-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-protected-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-editLock mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-editLock"></span> <span></span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-buttons"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet mw-interlanguage-selector" id="p-lang-btn-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-language"></span> <span>48 languages</span> </button> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive" id="ca-addsection-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="addsection-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbleAdd-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbleAdd-progressive"></span> <span>Add topic</span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-end"> <div class="vector-user-links"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-84b999ff94-5vkgl","wgBackendResponseTime":175,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.536","walltime":"0.675","ppvisitednodes":{"value":4121,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":74303,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":6880,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":15,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":8,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":72999,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 579.999 1 -total"," 27.08% 157.081 1 Template:Reflist"," 20.86% 120.990 13 Template:Cite_web"," 17.66% 102.434 1 Template:Association_football_laws"," 17.25% 100.025 1 Template:Navbox"," 16.14% 93.596 9 Template:Citation_needed"," 13.81% 80.077 9 Template:Fix"," 10.65% 61.763 1 Template:Short_description"," 7.47% 43.302 18 Template:Category_handler"," 7.43% 43.092 25 Template:Convert"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.322","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":8229732,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-7777d9bc4f-fhhpw","timestamp":"20250204083456","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Football pitch","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Football_pitch","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q8524","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q8524","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2005-05-16T12:33:35Z","dateModified":"2025-01-05T09:14:40Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/8\/8b\/Association_Football_field_diagram_-en.svg","headline":"rectangular area where association football is played"}</script> </body> </html>