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subsection </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 Bibliography </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" 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Available in 34 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-34" aria-hidden="true" > 34 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fank-metal" title="Fank-metal – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Fank-metal" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%8A%D0%BD%D0%BA_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%8A%D0%BB" title="Фънк метъл – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Фънк метъл" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Funk_metal" title="Funk metal – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Funk metal" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Funk_metal" title="Funk metal – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Funk metal" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Funk_metal" title="Funk metal – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Funk metal" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Funk_Metal" title="Funk Metal – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Funk Metal" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/Funk_Metal" title="Funk Metal – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Funk Metal" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Funk_metal" title="Funk metal – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Funk metal" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%A9_%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%84" title="فانک متال – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="فانک متال" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Funk_metal" title="Funk metal – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Funk metal" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Funk_metal" title="Funk metal – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Funk metal" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%8E%91%ED%81%AC_%EB%A9%94%ED%83%88" title="펑크 메탈 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="펑크 메탈" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Funk_metal" title="Funk metal – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Funk metal" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Funk_metal" title="Funk metal – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Funk metal" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%A7_(Funk)_%D7%9E%D7%98%D7%90%D7%9C" title="פאנק (Funk) מטאל – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פאנק (Funk) מטאל" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A4%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%99-%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98" title="ფანკ-მეტალი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ფანკ-მეტალი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fank_metalas" title="Fank metalas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Fank metalas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Funk-metal" title="Funk-metal – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Funk-metal" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Funk_metal" title="Funk metal – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Funk metal" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/Funk_metal" title="Funk metal – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="Funk metal" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target">မြန်မာဘာသာ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Funkmetal" title="Funkmetal – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Funkmetal" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Funk_metal" title="Funk metal – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Funk metal" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Funk_metal" title="Funk metal – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Funk metal" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Funk_metal" title="Funk metal – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Funk metal" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Funk_metal" title="Funk metal – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Funk metal" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA-%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Фанк-метал – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Фанк-метал" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Funk_metal" title="Funk metal – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Funk metal" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Funk_metal" title="Funk metal – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Funk metal" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Funk_metal" title="Funk metal – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Funk metal" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Funkmetal" title="Funkmetal – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Funkmetal" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81_%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D" title="வன்கு மெட்டல் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="வன்கு மெட்டல்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A5" title="ฟังก์เมทัล – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ฟังก์เมทัล" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Funk_metal" 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.mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above">Funk metal</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Stylistic origins</th><td class="infobox-data hlist"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Funk_rock" title="Funk rock">Funk rock</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Heavy_metal_music" title="Heavy metal music">heavy metal</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Alternative_metal" title="Alternative metal">alternative metal</a><a href="#cite_note-smith-1">[1]</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Thrash_metal" title="Thrash metal">thrash metal</a><a href="#cite_note-primusbook-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-micro-3">[3]</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Cultural origins</th><td class="infobox-data hlist">Mid-1980s, United States</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Derivative forms</th><td class="infobox-data hlist"><a href="/wiki/Nu_metal" title="Nu metal">Nu metal</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Regional scenes</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data hlist"><a href="/wiki/Music_of_California" title="Music of California">California</a><a href="#cite_note-wash-4">[4]</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Local scenes</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data hlist"><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco">San Francisco</a>, California<a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a><a href="#cite_note-Spin_Jan_91-6">[6]</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Other topics</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Groove_metal" title="Groove metal">Groove metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rap_metal" title="Rap metal">rap metal</a></li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> Funk metal (also known as thrash-funk<a href="#cite_note-lawrence-7">[7]</a> or punk-funk)<a href="#cite_note-facts-8">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-smith-1">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-primusbook-2">[2]</a> is a subgenre of <a href="/wiki/Funk_rock" title="Funk rock">funk rock</a> and <a href="/wiki/Alternative_metal" title="Alternative metal">alternative metal</a> that infuses <a href="/wiki/Heavy_metal_music" title="Heavy metal music">heavy metal music</a> (often <a href="/wiki/Thrash_metal" title="Thrash metal">thrash metal</a>) with elements of <a href="/wiki/Funk" title="Funk">funk</a> and <a href="/wiki/Punk_rock" title="Punk rock">punk rock</a>. Funk metal was part of the alternative metal movement, and has been described as a "brief but extremely media-hyped stylistic fad".<a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a> The funk metal scene formed in California during the mid-1980s with a group of bands who were initially playing a mix of funk, hard rock, <a href="/wiki/Hip_hop_music" title="Hip hop music">hip hop</a> and punk, and it quickly evolved to include elements of thrash metal.<a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a><a href="#cite_note-louderwcal-11">[11]</a><a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-Funk_Metal-13">[13]</a> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Characteristics">Characteristics</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Funk_metal&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Characteristics">edit</a>]</div> Funk metal has also been called thrash-funk or punk-funk and was most prevalent in the American state of <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a>, particularly in <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a> and <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco">San Francisco</a>.<a href="#cite_note-stereotrt-14">[14]</a> According to <a href="/wiki/AllMusic" title="AllMusic">AllMusic</a>, funk metal "takes the loud guitars and <a href="/wiki/Riff" title="Riff">riffs</a> of heavy metal and melds them to the popping bass lines and syncopated rhythms of <a href="/wiki/Funk" title="Funk">funk</a>".<a href="#cite_note-Funk_Metal-13">[13]</a> They go on to state "funk metal evolved in the mid-'80s when <a href="/wiki/Alternative_rock" title="Alternative rock">alternative</a> bands like the <a href="/wiki/Red_Hot_Chili_Peppers" title="Red Hot Chili Peppers">Red Hot Chili Peppers</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fishbone" title="Fishbone">Fishbone</a> began playing the hybrid with a stronger funk underpinning than metal. The bands that followed relied more on metal than funk, though they retained the wild bass lines."<a href="#cite_note-Funk_Metal-13">[13]</a> <a href="/wiki/Faith_No_More" title="Faith No More">Faith No More</a>, another Californian alternative group who emerged in the mid-1980s, have been described as a funk metal band that also dabbled in <a href="/wiki/Rap_metal" title="Rap metal">rap metal</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Rap-Metal-15">[15]</a> <a href="/wiki/Rage_Against_the_Machine" title="Rage Against the Machine">Rage Against the Machine</a>'s mix of funk and metal not only included rap, but also elements of <a href="/wiki/Hardcore_punk" title="Hardcore punk">hardcore</a>.<a href="#cite_note-RS_RATM-16">[16]</a> AllMusic formerly categorized funk metal as a style of alternative rock, in spite of the genre's name. The website currently categorizes it as a style of heavy metal.<a href="#cite_note-Funk_Metal-13">[13]</a> Certain bands not from a <a href="/wiki/Alternative_rock" title="Alternative rock">punk/alternative</a> background, such as <a href="/wiki/Glam_metal" title="Glam metal">glam metal</a> groups <a href="/wiki/Bang_Tango" title="Bang Tango">Bang Tango</a> and <a href="/wiki/Extreme_(band)" title="Extreme (band)">Extreme</a>, have also frequently incorporated funk into their musical style.<a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a><a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a> Bands such as <a href="/wiki/Primus_(band)" title="Primus (band)">Primus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mordred_(band)" title="Mordred (band)">Mordred</a> emerged from the <a href="/wiki/Thrash_metal" title="Thrash metal">thrash metal</a> underground.<a href="#cite_note-Spin_Jan_91-6">[6]</a> In his book Know Your Enemy: The Story of Rage Against the Machine, Joel McIver wrote that funk metal is "a slightly clumsy term applied in the late eighties to any rock band whose bass player used a <a href="/wiki/Slapping_(music)" title="Slapping (music)">slapping</a> style." He goes on to write "The best known funk-metallers were the Red Hot Chili Peppers (who later achieved global success with a more <a href="/wiki/Pop_music" title="Pop music">pop</a>-oriented approach) and <a href="/wiki/Living_Colour" title="Living Colour">Living Colour</a>. Other funk-metallers ranged from the credible, such as <a href="/wiki/Infectious_Grooves" title="Infectious Grooves">Infectious Grooves</a> (a side-project of <a href="/wiki/Crossover_thrash" title="Crossover thrash">crossover thrash</a> band <a href="/wiki/Suicidal_Tendencies" title="Suicidal Tendencies">Suicidal Tendencies</a>), to the relatively obscure, such as the <a href="/wiki/Dan_Reed_Network" title="Dan Reed Network">Dan Reed Network</a>."<a href="#cite_note-know-19">[19]</a> Roy Shuker described the genre in his 1994 book Understanding Popular Music, writing: "the 'classic' distinction between rock and pop [runs] into some difficulties when we consider various forms of 'alternative' music, illustrating the difficulties of forcing genres into too rigid a typology. For example, where would we place the wild musical genre called 'thrash funk', a fusion of 1970s funk, punk rock, rap, California surf, skateboard and hippy cultures, which, according to press reports, swept San Francisco clubs in 1990."<a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a> Shuker wrote about the genre again in the 2005 edition of his book Popular Music: The Key Concepts, calling it "less structured than earlier forms of metal, with the bass guitar relied on more than the lead."<a href="#cite_note-shuker-21">[21]</a> The genre managed to gain some international popularity through foreign acts such as British groups <a href="/wiki/Atom_Seed" title="Atom Seed">Atom Seed</a><a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a> and Scat Opera, as well as <a href="/wiki/Super_Junky_Monkey" title="Super Junky Monkey">Super Junky Monkey</a>, an all-female funk metal/avant-garde band from Japan.<a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a><a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a> Although never breaking through in the United States, Swedish band <a href="/wiki/Electric_Boys" title="Electric Boys">Electric Boys</a> attracted recognition throughout Europe,<a href="#cite_note-Spin_Jan_91-6">[6]</a><a href="#cite_note-elec-25">[25]</a> with AllMusic calling them one of the "most celebrated purveyors of the short-lived funk-metal phenomenon."<a href="#cite_note-elec-25">[25]</a> Funk metal's prevalence in the late 1980s and 1990–91 predated the rise of <a href="/wiki/Grunge" title="Grunge">grunge</a> music in late 1991, which hurt the popularity of more traditional forms of hard rock/metal.<a href="#cite_note-know-19">[19]</a> In a January 1991 <a href="/wiki/Spin_(magazine)" title="Spin (magazine)">Spin</a> article, Electric Boys singer Conny Bloom claimed funk metal had become a trend since people thought other hard rock of that era was "boring".<a href="#cite_note-Spin_Jan_91-6">[6]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Funk_metal&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Origins_(early–mid_1980s)">Origins (early–mid 1980s)</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Funk_metal&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Origins (early–mid 1980s)">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Faith_No_More_2009.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Faith_No_More_2009.jpg/300px-Faith_No_More_2009.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Faith_No_More_2009.jpg/450px-Faith_No_More_2009.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Faith_No_More_2009.jpg/600px-Faith_No_More_2009.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="460" /></a><figcaption>Funk metal band <a href="/wiki/Faith_No_More" title="Faith No More">Faith No More</a></figcaption></figure> The roots of funk metal can be traced back to the Atlanta band <a href="/wiki/Mother%27s_Finest" title="Mother's Finest">Mother's Finest</a>. In the late 70's they were already trying to make the leap from the classic funk rock of their Epic Records label to a more powerful sound, as can be heard in the song "Hard Rock Lover", which features a heavier rhythm section made up of bassist Jerry "Wizzard" Seay and drummer "B.B. Queen" Borden. It would be in 1981 when they could finally make the complete transition in their album Iron Age, an authentic mixture of heavy rock and funk that establishes the elements of origin for funk metal. The decision to take that direction towards heavy metal had some consequences, such as the departure of keyboardist Michael Keck, who could not find a place in that new sound.<a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a> The album was produced by <a href="/wiki/Jeff_Glixman" title="Jeff Glixman">Jeff Glixman</a>, who also worked with bands like Black Sabbath (for whom Mother's Finest opened for on their Technical Ecstasy Tour), Saxon, Magnum or Kansas. According to Alex Henderson of AllMusic, "with the right promotion, Iron Age could have made MF a big hit with the Quiet Riot/Judas Priest/Scorpions crowd, but the album was a commercial flop instead of the big commercial breakthrough that it should have been".<a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a> The <a href="/wiki/The_Red_Hot_Chili_Peppers_(album)" title="The Red Hot Chili Peppers (album)">self-titled</a> 1984 debut album from Los Angeles band Red Hot Chili Peppers has been cited by some as the first truly funk metal or punk-funk release.<a href="#cite_note-citypaper-28">[28]</a> Unlike with earlier funk rock albums from the 1970s and the early 1980s, it included elements of both punk and hip hop.<a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a> At that point, the band were already signed to the major label <a href="/wiki/Capitol_Records" title="Capitol Records">Capitol Records</a>. <a href="/wiki/Faith_No_More" title="Faith No More">Faith No More</a> released their independent debut <a href="/wiki/We_Care_a_Lot" title="We Care a Lot">We Care a Lot</a> the following year. Like with the Red Hot Chili Peppers' debut, it also mixed funk, hip hop and punk music.<a href="#cite_note-louderwcal-11">[11]</a> While Faith No More originated from <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco">San Francisco</a>'s punk scene of the early 1980s, their guitarist <a href="/wiki/Jim_Martin_(musician)" title="Jim Martin (musician)">Jim Martin</a> was connected to the city's thrash metal scene, adding heavier influences to the band's sound. According to <a href="/wiki/Louder_Sound" class="mw-redirect" title="Louder Sound">Louder Sound</a>, Faith No More, Fishbone and Red Hot Chili Peppers "pre-dated the funk metal gold rush" of the very late 1980s and early 1990s, when major labels began signing bands associated with the sound.<a href="#cite_note-louder-30">[30]</a> In 1988, Neil Perry of Sounds Magazine referred to Faith No More's 1987 major label debut <a href="/wiki/Introduce_Yourself" title="Introduce Yourself">Introduce Yourself</a> as "a breathtaking harmonisation of molten metal guitar, deadly dance rhythms and poignant, pointed lyrics".<a href="#cite_note-sounds-31">[31]</a> On the Red Hot Chili Peppers' album <a href="/wiki/The_Uplift_Mofo_Party_Plan" title="The Uplift Mofo Party Plan">The Uplift Mofo Party Plan</a>, released the same year, guitarist Hillel Slovak started to experiment with sounds other than punk rock/hard rock, including thrash metal.<a href="#cite_note-Kiedis_204-32">[32]</a> During late 1987, Faith No More and the Red Hot Chili Peppers toured together in support of these two albums.<a href="#cite_note-rhcpbook-33">[33]</a><a href="#cite_note-:0-34">[34]</a><a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a> Martin recalled: "We were travelling in a <a href="/wiki/Box_van" class="mw-redirect" title="Box van">box van</a> with no windows. We drove all the way to the east coast for the first show. <a href="/wiki/Flea_(musician)" title="Flea (musician)">Flea</a> asked me if we liked to smoke <a href="/wiki/Cannabis" title="Cannabis">weed</a>. I said: ‘Yes’ and he said: ‘We're going to get along just fine’. We did something like 52 dates in 56 days."<a href="#cite_note-tr-36">[36]</a> Faith No More subsequently went on a solo tour of the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> in 1988. Following this tour, their singer <a href="/wiki/Chuck_Mosley" title="Chuck Mosley">Chuck Mosley</a> was fired due to his increasingly erratic behavior.<a href="#cite_note-tr-36">[36]</a> New York band Living Colour, who entered the mainstream during the late 1980s, were named by <a href="/wiki/Rolling_Stone" title="Rolling Stone">Rolling Stone</a> as "black funk metal pioneers."<a href="#cite_note-RS_Living_Colour-37">[37]</a> <a href="/wiki/Ska" title="Ska">Ska</a>-influenced Los Angeles band Fishbone are also noted for being an all-black group. They had ties with the Red Hot Chili Peppers and have been labelled as early leaders of the funk metal/punk-funk movement.<a href="#cite_note-facts-8">[8]</a> The band got signed to the major label <a href="/wiki/Columbia_Records" title="Columbia Records">Columbia Records</a> in 1983, releasing several albums through them, but never had a significant hit song.<a href="#cite_note-facts-8">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a> <a href="/wiki/Entertainment_Weekly" title="Entertainment Weekly">Entertainment Weekly</a> noted in a May 1991 article that "despite the rise of black rockers like Living Colour, the American funk-metal scene is predominantly white."<a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a> Many reviewers often cited Living Colour as having been a band that were directly inspired by the Red Hot Chili Peppers. The vocalist of the Red Hot Chili Peppers, <a href="/wiki/Anthony_Kiedis" title="Anthony Kiedis">Anthony Kiedis</a>, played down similarities between the two bands. He stated at the time, "Living Colour to me sounds nothing like Red Hot Chili Peppers. But I have to deal with [this] on a daily basis: 'Wow, Living Colour's really biting your style. Y'ever see the guy on stage? He moves just like you.'"<a href="#cite_note-40">[40]</a> <a href="/wiki/The_A.V._Club" title="The A.V. Club">The A.V. Club</a> later wrote in 2013 that, "Living Colour was boundary-breaking—and yet the group was given more boundaries right out of the gate. As funk-metal like that of Faith No More solidified into a subgenre with set rules and sounds, the last thing Living Colour wanted was to be called funk-metal."<a href="#cite_note-av-41">[41]</a> Primus, a band with thrash metal origins formed in the mid-1980s, has been widely described as funk metal, though they have also crossed many other genres and bandleader/bassist <a href="/wiki/Les_Claypool" title="Les Claypool">Les Claypool</a> dislikes the categorization.<a href="#cite_note-The_Funky-42">[42]</a><a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a> After getting signed to <a href="/wiki/Interscope_Records" title="Interscope Records">Interscope Records</a>, Claypool remarked in 1991, "We've been lumped in with the funk metal thing just about everywhere. I guess people just have to categorise you".<a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a> Claypool has mentioned being inspired by The Uplift Mofo Party Plan, comparing it to <a href="/wiki/Led_Zeppelin" title="Led Zeppelin">Led Zeppelin</a>.<a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Popularity_(late_1980s–early_1990s)">Popularity (late 1980s–early 1990s)</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Funk_metal&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Popularity (late 1980s–early 1990s)">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Claypool_to_wiki.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Claypool_to_wiki.jpg/160px-Claypool_to_wiki.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="210" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Claypool_to_wiki.jpg/240px-Claypool_to_wiki.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Claypool_to_wiki.jpg/320px-Claypool_to_wiki.jpg 2x" data-file-width="780" data-file-height="1024" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Les_Claypool" title="Les Claypool">Les Claypool</a> of <a href="/wiki/Primus_(band)" title="Primus (band)">Primus</a></figcaption></figure> The success of Faith No More's 1989 song "<a href="/wiki/Epic_(Faith_No_More_song)" title="Epic (Faith No More song)">Epic</a>" helped heighten interest in the genre.<a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a><a href="#cite_note-citypaper-28">[28]</a> Funk metal band <a href="/wiki/Living_Colour" title="Living Colour">Living Colour</a> also achieved mainstream success with their song "<a href="/wiki/Cult_of_Personality_(song)" title="Cult of Personality (song)">Cult of Personality</a>", which was a very popular hit and frequently played on <a href="/wiki/MTV" title="MTV">MTV</a>, helping the band's album <a href="/wiki/Vivid_(Living_Colour_album)" title="Vivid (Living Colour album)">Vivid</a> go double-platinum.<a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a> In the wake of Living Colour's success, another all-black funk metal band from New York called <a href="/wiki/24-7_Spyz" title="24-7 Spyz">24-7 Spyz</a> gained popularity.<a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a><a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a> Anthony Kiedis later claimed Faith No More's new singer, <a href="/wiki/Mike_Patton" title="Mike Patton">Mike Patton</a>, had stolen his style, specifically in "Epic" and its popular music video.<a href="#cite_note-2020book-50">[50]</a> He said "I watched [their] 'Epic' video, and I see him jumping up and down, rapping, and it looked like I was looking in a mirror."<a href="#cite_note-2020book-50">[50]</a> Since the Red Hot Chili Peppers had not yet broken outside of America, he believed European audiences would view him as being an imitator of Patton.<a href="#cite_note-2020book-50">[50]</a> The <a href="/wiki/LA_Weekly" title="LA Weekly">LA Weekly</a> state: "Faith No More, then led by vocalist Chuck Mosley, before Patton joined the band, used to open for the similarly progressive Peppers just as the funk-metal scene was gaining momentum. By 1989, as both bands were getting exceedingly popular, they both landed European tours, with Faith No More’s scheduled to begin a few months before RHCP's. This wasn’t an issue, until Kiedis saw the video for FNM’s 'Epic'".<a href="#cite_note-51">[51]</a> In an interview with <a href="/wiki/Kerrang!" title="Kerrang!">Kerrang!</a> Kiedis further said, "what a drag if people get the idea that I’m actually ripping him off. Especially in the UK where FNM is much better known than us. In America, it’s a different story, people are aware of the profound influence we had on them."<a href="#cite_note-52">[52]</a> He also threatened to "kidnap [Patton], shave his hair off and cut off one of his feet just so he'll be forced to find a style of his own."<a href="#cite_note-53">[53]</a> Faith No More's keyboardist <a href="/wiki/Roddy_Bottum" title="Roddy Bottum">Roddy Bottum</a> responded to Kiedis by saying in an interview, "to me, our band sounds nothing like Red Hot Chili Peppers. If you're talking about long hair, rapping with his shirt off, then yeah, I can see similarities [...] I haven't talked to them since this whole thing started."<a href="#cite_note-54">[54]</a> Patton addressed Kiedis' allegations in 1990 by saying to Faces Magazine that, "it just kind of came out of the blue. It doesn't bother me a bit. I got a real big kick out of it to tell you the truth. I mean, if he's gonna talk about me in interviews, that's fine - it's free press! Either he's feeling inadequate or old or I don't know, but I have no reason to talk shit about him."<a href="#cite_note-55">[55]</a> Kiedis and Patton were thought to have gotten on good terms with each other after face to face encounters in the 1990s, although the feud would eventually continue into the late 1990s and early 2000s with Patton's other funk metal band, <a href="/wiki/Mr._Bungle" title="Mr. Bungle">Mr. Bungle</a>, who were heavily inspired by the Red Hot Chili Peppers in their early days.<a href="#cite_note-2020book-50">[50]</a> The movement had reached a critical and commercial peak in 1991, with albums such as <a href="/wiki/Blood_Sugar_Sex_Magik" title="Blood Sugar Sex Magik">Blood Sugar Sex Magik</a> (by Red Hot Chili Peppers), <a href="/wiki/Sailing_the_Seas_of_Cheese" title="Sailing the Seas of Cheese">Sailing the Seas of Cheese</a> (by Primus) and Mr. Bungle's <a href="/wiki/Mr._Bungle_(album)" title="Mr. Bungle (album)">self-titled</a> debut attaining acclaim from the music press.<a href="#cite_note-wash-4">[4]</a> Blood Sugar Sex Magik eventually went 7× platinum in the United States.<a href="#cite_note-United_StatesRed_Hot_Chili_PeppersBlood_Sugar_Sex_MagikalbumCertRef-56">[56]</a> Mark Jenkins of <a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a> claimed in a 1991 article that "much of it sounds like <a href="/wiki/Art_rock" title="Art rock">art rock</a>".<a href="#cite_note-wash-4">[4]</a> Mr. Bungle initially began as a <a href="/wiki/Death_metal" title="Death metal">death metal</a> band in <a href="/wiki/Eureka,_California" title="Eureka, California">Eureka, California</a> with their 1986 demo The Raging Wrath of the Easter Bunny. On their subsequent 1980s demos Bowel of Chiley, Goddamnit I Love America! and OU818 they shifted to a ska-influenced funk metal sound.<a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a> They signed to <a href="/wiki/Warner_Bros._Records" class="mw-redirect" title="Warner Bros. Records">Warner Bros. Records</a> in 1990 on the back of singer Mike Patton's success with Faith No More, and by then had started mixing their ska/funk metal style with avant-garde sounds.<a href="#cite_note-58">[58]</a> Their 1991 debut on Warner Bros. has been labelled as "funk metal madness"<a href="#cite_note-invisibleoranges1-59">[59]</a> and "an irresistibly vulgar fusion of jazz, funk, metal, and a great wealth of other things."<a href="#cite_note-invisibleoranges1-59">[59]</a> Regarding Mr. Bungle's evolution during the 1980s and early 1990s, guitarist <a href="/wiki/Trey_Spruance" title="Trey Spruance">Trey Spruance</a> said, "[we were interested in] <a href="/wiki/Slayer" title="Slayer">Slayer</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mercyful_Fate" title="Mercyful Fate">Mercyful Fate</a>. Later it was <a href="/wiki/The_Specials" title="The Specials">The Specials</a> and Fishbone. Then we moved to San Francisco and got all sophisticated. Now we are improv snobs who rule the avant-garde universe by night, and poor, fucked-up hipsters by day."<a href="#cite_note-trey-60">[60]</a> Spruance has mentioned the first two Red Hot Chili Peppers albums as an influence, with Mr. Bungle even covering their song "Baby Appeal" at a high school talent show.<a href="#cite_note-61">[61]</a> However, bassist <a href="/wiki/Trevor_Dunn" title="Trevor Dunn">Trevor Dunn</a> has since claimed that he wasn't as big a fan of them as other members in the band were, saying "I was way more into Fishbone and <a href="/wiki/Bad_Manners" title="Bad Manners">Bad Manners</a> back in the day."<a href="#cite_note-62">[62]</a> In January 1991, <a href="/wiki/Spin_(magazine)" title="Spin (magazine)">Spin</a> observed that major labels were seeking out bands with a "thrash-funk" or "funk metal" sound, and commented, "all of a sudden there's a virtual army of funk-metal bands, primarily centered in the <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Bay_Area" title="San Francisco Bay Area">San Francisco Bay Area</a>. They range from thrashers, who lend an occasional funk edge to some of their material (Mordred and <a href="/wiki/Death_Angel" title="Death Angel">Death Angel</a>) to straight-out funkers (Primus, <a href="/wiki/Psychefunkapus" title="Psychefunkapus">Psychefunkapus</a> and Limbomaniacs) to those who defy categorization (Faith No More)."<a href="#cite_note-Spin_Jan_91-6">[6]</a> Spin considered Limbomaniacs to be the most "rap-oriented" of the bands in the Bay Area scene.<a href="#cite_note-Spin_Jan_91-6">[6]</a> Trey Spruance notes that when living in San Francisco, Mr. Bungle played at "officially funk-metal functions" such as the Funk Fest, but he claims there wasn't as coherent a scene in the city as was being reported in the media. According to him, Mr. Bungle generally kept their separate ways from Faith No More, despite sharing the same singer, and neither Faith No More nor Mr. Bungle were particularly close with Primus.<a href="#cite_note-63">[63]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rage_Against_The_Machine_at_Vegoose_2007_11.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Rage_Against_The_Machine_at_Vegoose_2007_11.jpg/220px-Rage_Against_The_Machine_at_Vegoose_2007_11.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Rage_Against_The_Machine_at_Vegoose_2007_11.jpg/330px-Rage_Against_The_Machine_at_Vegoose_2007_11.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Rage_Against_The_Machine_at_Vegoose_2007_11.jpg/440px-Rage_Against_The_Machine_at_Vegoose_2007_11.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2304" /></a><figcaption>Rage Against the Machine performing in 2007</figcaption></figure> The funk metal bands formed in the San Francisco Bay Area were influenced by the earlier, punk-oriented Los Angeles bands such as the Red Hot Chili Peppers and Fishbone, and there would be interaction between bands from both cities.<a href="#cite_note-primusbook-2">[2]</a> Red Hot Chili Peppers drummer <a href="/wiki/Chad_Smith" title="Chad Smith">Chad Smith</a> recalled in 2014 that, "the Red Hot Chili Peppers used to play with Primus. I remember when we would come up to the Bay Area—especially in the late 80s, they were a really popular band up there. People would say 'Oh, Primus is like the Bay Area Chili Peppers. You've got to hear them!'". Smith added that, "obviously, they were doing their own thing [it] was quirky and people just loved them. You could tell they had a real loyal rabid fanbase—real fans that really dug what they were into."<a href="#cite_note-primusbook-2">[2]</a> According to Steev Esquivel of the band <a href="/wiki/Skinlab" title="Skinlab">Skinlab</a>, the prevalence of funk metal around this time hurt the popularity of thrash metal music in the San Francisco Bay Area. He said Primus and Faith No More "came in and shut down the metal scene single handedly", and that bands such as these attracted a large female demographic that had previously followed thrash metal.<a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a> <a href="/wiki/John_Joseph_(singer)" title="John Joseph (singer)">John Joseph</a>, who left <a href="/wiki/Crossover_thrash" title="Crossover thrash">crossover thrash</a> band <a href="/wiki/Cro-Mags" title="Cro-Mags">Cro-Mags</a> to form funk metal band Both Worlds, told Spin in 1991 that, "funk is fun music to play, and it's good to see girls having a good time up front, not just dudes with spikes on their arms."<a href="#cite_note-Spin_Jan_91-6">[6]</a> The New Jersey band <a href="/wiki/Mind_Funk" title="Mind Funk">Mind Funk</a> signed to <a href="/wiki/Epic_Records" title="Epic Records">Epic Records</a> in 1990 shortly after forming, with Spin describing their sound as mixing "metal's wall-of-sound guitar firepower and funk rhymes."<a href="#cite_note-Spin_Jan_91-6">[6]</a> At first, they were widely associated with the movement as a result of their name, although they have also since come to be associated with the grunge and <a href="/wiki/Stoner_rock" title="Stoner rock">stoner rock</a> genres.<a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a> Vocalist Pat Dubar distanced Mind Funk from the more funk-oriented bands in the movement, saying in 1991 that, "everyone's jumping on that bandwagon. We may have funky parts in our songs, but as far as playing straight funk, forget it. We couldn't do it as well as the guys who originated it. We take a lot of different elements from rap to <a href="/wiki/The_Doors" title="The Doors">the Doors</a> and jazz and mix them together."<a href="#cite_note-Spin_Jan_91-6">[6]</a> Los Angeles band Rage Against the Machine signed to Epic Records in 1991, the year that they formed, and achieved mainstream fame in the 1990s with their albums going multi-platinum.<a href="#cite_note-66">[66]</a><a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a> Infectious Grooves, another Los Angeles band, also signed to Epic Records at the beginning of the 1990s. Infectious Grooves included vocalist <a href="/wiki/Mike_Muir" title="Mike Muir">Mike Muir</a> and bassist <a href="/wiki/Robert_Trujillo" title="Robert Trujillo">Robert Trujillo</a>, both of Suicidal Tendencies, a <a href="/wiki/Hardcore_punk" title="Hardcore punk">hardcore</a>/crossover thrash band. Suicidal Tendencies themselves had signed to Epic in the late 1980s and already begun adding funk metal elements to their music on 1990's <a href="/wiki/Lights...Camera...Revolution!" title="Lights...Camera...Revolution!">Lights...Camera...Revolution!</a>.<a href="#cite_note-68">[68]</a> The drummer for Infectious Grooves was <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Perkins" title="Stephen Perkins">Stephen Perkins</a> of <a href="/wiki/Jane%27s_Addiction" title="Jane's Addiction">Jane's Addiction</a>, a band from the same scene as the Red Hot Chili Peppers who occasionally delved into funk metal.<a href="#cite_note-infec-69">[69]</a><a href="#cite_note-70">[70]</a> Muir gave Infectious Grooves equal status as Suicidal Tendencies, and the two bands often toured together, necessitating an exhausting two sets per night for Muir and Trujillo.<a href="#cite_note-infec-69">[69]</a> They released three albums through Epic in the 1990s, <a href="/wiki/The_Plague_That_Makes_Your_Booty_Move..._It%27s_the_Infectious_Grooves" title="The Plague That Makes Your Booty Move... It's the Infectious Grooves">The Plague That Makes Your Booty Move... It's the Infectious Grooves</a> (1991), <a href="/wiki/Sarsippius%27_Ark" title="Sarsippius' Ark">Sarsippius' Ark</a> (1993) and <a href="/wiki/Groove_Family_Cyco" title="Groove Family Cyco">Groove Family Cyco</a> (1994). Groove Family Cyco included a <a href="/wiki/Diss_(music)" title="Diss (music)">diss track</a> towards Rage Against the Machine called "Do What I Tell Ya!". The feud with Rage Against the Machine originated after their guitarist <a href="/wiki/Tom_Morello" title="Tom Morello">Tom Morello</a> began speaking negatively about Suicidal Tendencies in public, leading Muir to point out the irony of Morello's band preaching anti-corporate values in their lyrics while being signed to Epic Records.<a href="#cite_note-71">[71]</a> Neg Raggett of AllMusic claims that by 1992 "oodles of (mostly horribly bad) funk-metal acts were following in Faith No More and the Red Hot Chili Peppers' footsteps."<a href="#cite_note-72">[72]</a> In an interview from around this time, Flea spoke negatively about derivative acts that were inspired by Faith No More and Red Hot Chili Peppers. After a writer compared Red Hot Chili Peppers to the new funk metal band <a href="/wiki/Ugly_Kid_Joe" title="Ugly Kid Joe">Ugly Kid Joe</a>, he said "I just know where their music is coming from – copping us, copping Faith No More, copping Pop-Rock Band No. 17B. We're coming from listening to <a href="/wiki/Miles_Davis" title="Miles Davis">Miles Davis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ornette_Coleman" title="Ornette Coleman">Ornette Coleman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Defunkt" title="Defunkt">Defunkt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Funkadelic" title="Funkadelic">Funkadelic</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Meters" title="The Meters">the Meters</a>, <a href="/wiki/James_Brown" title="James Brown">James Brown</a> – the real shit. And it's coming from jamming and playing billions of hours of shit that no one will hear."<a href="#cite_note-73">[73]</a> Guitar virtuoso <a href="/wiki/Buckethead" title="Buckethead">Buckethead</a> began releasing albums through avant-garde labels in the early 1990s, and many of them have been associated with funk metal.<a href="#cite_note-74">[74]</a> Additionally, Buckethead was in the experimental band <a href="/wiki/Praxis_(band)" title="Praxis (band)">Praxis</a> with veteran funk musician <a href="/wiki/Bootsy_Collins" title="Bootsy Collins">Bootsy Collins</a> and former Limbomaniacs drummer <a href="/wiki/Bryan_Mantia" class="mw-redirect" title="Bryan Mantia">Brain</a> (who later joined Primus). Their music has also been associated with funk metal, particularly their 1992 debut <a href="/wiki/Transmutation_(Mutatis_Mutandis)" title="Transmutation (Mutatis Mutandis)">Transmutation (Mutatis Mutandis)</a>.<a href="#cite_note-75">[75]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Decline_(mid–late_1990s)">Decline (mid–late 1990s)</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Funk_metal&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Decline (mid–late 1990s)">edit</a>]</div> By the latter part of the 1990s, funk metal was considered to be represented by a smaller group of bands, including <a href="/wiki/Incubus_(band)" title="Incubus (band)">Incubus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sugar_Ray" title="Sugar Ray">Sugar Ray</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jimmie%27s_Chicken_Shack" title="Jimmie's Chicken Shack">Jimmie's Chicken Shack</a> and <a href="/wiki/311_(band)" title="311 (band)">311</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Funk_Metal-13">[13]</a><a href="#cite_note-jim-76">[76]</a><a href="#cite_note-vice-77">[77]</a> Incubus formed in 1991 at the height of the genre's popularity, and they were inspired by funk metal bands. Vocalist <a href="/wiki/Brandon_Boyd" title="Brandon Boyd">Brandon Boyd</a> has mentioned being a fan of Mr. Bungle's debut when it was first released,<a href="#cite_note-78">[78]</a> and has also said "Primus was one of those bands that myself, <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Pasillas" class="mw-redirect" title="José Pasillas">José</a> from our band, <a href="/wiki/Mike_Einziger" title="Mike Einziger">Mikey</a> from our band, the three of us fully bonded over them. We would just crank their music in the car, outdoors."<a href="#cite_note-origin-79">[79]</a> Their 1997 major label debut album <a href="/wiki/S.C.I.E.N.C.E." title="S.C.I.E.N.C.E.">S.C.I.E.N.C.E.</a> has been labelled a "<a href="/wiki/Marijuana" class="mw-redirect" title="Marijuana">weed</a>-and-<a href="/wiki/Psilocybin" title="Psilocybin">mushrooms</a> influenced funk/metal freakout",<a href="#cite_note-auto1-80">[80]</a> unlike with the band's prior releases <a href="/wiki/Fungus_Amongus" title="Fungus Amongus">Fungus Amongus</a> (1995) and <a href="/wiki/Enjoy_Incubus" title="Enjoy Incubus">Enjoy Incubus</a> (1997), it further incorporated elements of <a href="/wiki/Electronica" title="Electronica">electronica</a> into funk metal.<a href="#cite_note-rough-81">[81]</a> Guitarist <a href="/wiki/Mike_Einziger" title="Mike Einziger">Mike Einziger</a> said in 1997 that the band had set out to record an album that sounded like "weird science and energetic funk."<a href="#cite_note-ly-82">[82]</a> At the time, they garnered heavy comparisons to Faith No More, Red Hot Chili Peppers and Primus, with critics noting similarities between the voices of singer Brandon Boyd and Mike Patton.<a href="#cite_note-cmj97-83">[83]</a><a href="#cite_note-nov-84">[84]</a><a href="#cite_note-lan-85">[85]</a> Some of the band's later releases still retained elements of funk, but they were viewed as being more musically straightforward than before.<a href="#cite_note-allmusicmy-86">[86]</a> In November 2001, Amy Sciarretto of <a href="/wiki/CMJ" title="CMJ">CMJ New Music Report</a> claimed that Incubus was "poised to be hard rock's bastard child of Faith No More and Primus thanks to its resident hottie Brandon Boyd's easy-on-the-ears emulation of Mike Patton and <a href="/wiki/Dirk_Lance" class="mw-redirect" title="Dirk Lance">Dirk Lance</a>'s bass thwapping. But between 1997's S.C.I.E.N.C.E. and 1999's <a href="/wiki/Make_Yourself" title="Make Yourself">Make Yourself</a>, the album that broke Incubus at rock radio, the band took a stylistic turn."<a href="#cite_note-nov-84">[84]</a> <a href="/wiki/Hoobastank" title="Hoobastank">Hoobastank</a>, a band from the same Southern Californian neighborhood as Incubus, were also heavily inspired by Mike Patton and Faith No More/Mr. Bungle. Their early independent releases Muffins (1997) and They Don't Sure Don't Make Basketball Shorts Like They Used To (1998) contain elements of ska and funk metal. After signing to <a href="/wiki/Island_Records" title="Island Records">Island Records</a> in the early 2000s, the band changed to a more mainstream sound, garnering comparisons to the style of music that Incubus was making in the early 2000s.<a href="#cite_note-87">[87]</a><a href="#cite_note-88">[88]</a><a href="#cite_note-89">[89]</a><a href="#cite_note-AXS-90">[90]</a> Initially beginning as a <a href="/wiki/Hardcore_punk" title="Hardcore punk">hardcore punk</a> band in the 1980s, Sugar Ray's first two major label releases <a href="/wiki/Lemonade_and_Brownies" title="Lemonade and Brownies">Lemonade and Brownies</a> (1995) and <a href="/wiki/Floored" title="Floored">Floored</a> (1997) have been frequently labelled as funk metal<a href="#cite_note-91">[91]</a><a href="#cite_note-92">[92]</a><a href="#cite_note-93">[93]</a><a href="#cite_note-michigan-94">[94]</a> and punk-funk.<a href="#cite_note-95">[95]</a><a href="#cite_note-AMlittle-96">[96]</a><a href="#cite_note-97">[97]</a><a href="#cite_note-michigan-94">[94]</a> Subsequent releases from Sugar Ray completely abandoned the sound of these albums in favor of a more mainstream approach, as they had gained massive popularity in 1997 with their pop/<a href="/wiki/Reggae" title="Reggae">reggae</a> single "<a href="/wiki/Fly_(Sugar_Ray_song)" title="Fly (Sugar Ray song)">Fly</a>". <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Thomas_Erlewine" title="Stephen Thomas Erlewine">Stephen Thomas Erlewine</a> of AllMusic says that after the success of "Fly" they "no longer tried to ape the Red Hot Chili Peppers."<a href="#cite_note-98">[98]</a> In 1996, Australian band <a href="/wiki/Regurgitator" title="Regurgitator">Regurgitator</a> released a major label record in the country titled <a href="/wiki/Tu-Plang" title="Tu-Plang">Tu-Plang</a>, which has been associated with funk metal.<a href="#cite_note-99">[99]</a><a href="#cite_note-100">[100]</a> The album would be given an American release the following year, although the band went on to explore other sounds.<a href="#cite_note-101">[101]</a> Bands usually associated with other genres such as <a href="/wiki/Nu_metal" title="Nu metal">nu metal</a> (<a href="/wiki/Korn" title="Korn">Korn</a>, <a href="/wiki/Primer_55" title="Primer 55">Primer 55</a>),<a href="#cite_note-102">[102]</a><a href="#cite_note-103">[103]</a><a href="#cite_note-104">[104]</a> <a href="/wiki/Pop_punk" class="mw-redirect" title="Pop punk">pop punk</a> (<a href="/wiki/Zebrahead" title="Zebrahead">Zebrahead</a>)<a href="#cite_note-105">[105]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Comedy_rock" title="Comedy rock">comedy rock</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bloodhound_Gang" title="Bloodhound Gang">Bloodhound Gang</a>)<a href="#cite_note-106">[106]</a><a href="#cite_note-107">[107]</a> also incorporated elements of funk metal into their sound during the late 1990s and early 2000s. <a href="/wiki/Snot_(band)" title="Snot (band)">Snot</a>'s first and only full length release <a href="/wiki/Get_Some_(album)" title="Get Some (album)">Get Some</a> (1997) has been described by critics as not only a funk metal album,<a href="#cite_note-am-108">[108]</a> but also as a hardcore punk album and an early nu metal album.<a href="#cite_note-am-108">[108]</a><a href="#cite_note-109">[109]</a><a href="#cite_note-110">[110]</a> Korn, who are often credited with popularizing the nu metal sound on their 1994 debut, have named Faith No More and the Red Hot Chili Peppers as their two biggest musical influences,<a href="#cite_note-111">[111]</a><a href="#cite_note-naples-112">[112]</a> in addition to also citing 24-7 Spyz, Fishbone, Living Colour, Mr. Bungle, Primus and Rage Against the Machine as influences.<a href="#cite_note-113">[113]</a><a href="#cite_note-114">[114]</a><a href="#cite_note-115">[115]</a> AllMusic's Stephen Thomas Erlewine considers their debut to be "building on the funk-metal innovations of the late '80s/early '90s instead of merely replicating them."<a href="#cite_note-116">[116]</a> Some of the members of Korn were formerly in a funk metal band called <a href="/wiki/L.A.P.D._(band)" title="L.A.P.D. (band)">L.A.P.D.</a>, who formed in 1989 and released their sole album Who's Laughing in 1992.<a href="#cite_note-117">[117]</a> Guitarist <a href="/wiki/James_Shaffer" title="James Shaffer">James 'Munky' Shaffer</a> has still considered Korn to be funk metal, saying in 2014, "Korn began as, and has remained a funk-metal band."<a href="#cite_note-naples-112">[112]</a> Their vocalist <a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Davis" title="Jonathan Davis">Jonathan Davis</a> said in 2015, "I always thought of us as a funk band, that funky groovy shit. When they came out with that nu-metal shit, like, I’ve always been fighting that shit."<a href="#cite_note-118">[118]</a> The term nu metal was not yet in usage when albums such as Get Some were first released. Nu metal is generally considered to have entered the mainstream with Korn's 1998 album <a href="/wiki/Follow_the_Leader_(Korn_album)" title="Follow the Leader (Korn album)">Follow the Leader</a>, and the label was being used by the early 2000s.<a href="#cite_note-119">[119]</a><a href="#cite_note-120">[120]</a> Critics have occasionally categorized Korn's work as funk metal, even after the nu metal label became prevalent. AllMusic described Korn's breakthrough 1997 single "<a href="/wiki/A.D.I.D.A.S._(Korn_song)" title="A.D.I.D.A.S. (Korn song)">A.D.I.D.A.S.</a>" as "a kinetic funk-metal track" in their retrospective review.<a href="#cite_note-121">[121]</a> While the more well-known work of <a href="/wiki/Papa_Roach" title="Papa Roach">Papa Roach</a> has been described as nu metal, vocalist <a href="/wiki/Jacoby_Shaddix" title="Jacoby Shaddix">Jacoby Shaddix</a> has noted that the band's independent releases from 1994–1997 had a more funk metal sound. He reflected, "if we go back and listen to the first P-Roach recordings, we sound like a cross between Mr. Bungle, Red Hot Chili Peppers and Primus. You know, that whole '90s scene that was funky and freaky - I even wore <a href="/wiki/Pantyhose" title="Pantyhose">panty hose</a> on my head."<a href="#cite_note-122">[122]</a> <a href="/wiki/Mega!!_Kung_Fu_Radio" class="mw-redirect" title="Mega!! Kung Fu Radio">Mega!! Kung Fu Radio</a>, the 1997 major label debut of <a href="/wiki/Powerman_5000" title="Powerman 5000">Powerman 5000</a>, showcased an aggressive form of funk metal,<a href="#cite_note-123">[123]</a><a href="#cite_note-pk51997-124">[124]</a> which the band themselves branded as "action-rock".<a href="#cite_note-125">[125]</a><a href="#cite_note-pk51997-124">[124]</a> All subsequent releases from Powerman 5000 moved towards an <a href="/wiki/Industrial_metal" title="Industrial metal">industrial metal</a>/<a href="/wiki/Industrial_rock" title="Industrial rock">industrial rock</a> sound. AllMusic suggests that funk metal was "played-out by the end of the decade".<a href="#cite_note-jim-76">[76]</a> After the release of Sailing the Seas of Cheese in 1991, Primus's subsequent albums started to delve into more experimental sounds, while still retaining a prominent funk influence.<a href="#cite_note-126">[126]</a> Les Claypool claimed that Primus's 1997 album <a href="/wiki/Brown_Album" title="Brown Album">Brown Album</a> was a return to the aggressive sound of their earlier material,<a href="#cite_note-interview-127">[127]</a> although critics labelled it as "flat-sounding"<a href="#cite_note-128">[128]</a> and as moving "even further into <a href="/wiki/Progressive_rock" title="Progressive rock">progressive</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jazz-rock" class="mw-redirect" title="Jazz-rock">jazz-rock</a> territory."<a href="#cite_note-Allmusic_review-129">[129]</a> Primus's next studio album <a href="/wiki/Antipop" title="Antipop">Antipop</a> (1999) was co-produced by <a href="/wiki/Fred_Durst" title="Fred Durst">Fred Durst</a> of the band Limp Bizkit. Durst has cited Primus as a major influence, and he encouraged them to return to the aggressive sound of their earlier material.<a href="#cite_note-Devenish159-130">[130]</a> Mike Wolf of CMJ New Music Monthly called the album "<a href="/wiki/Ozzfest" title="Ozzfest">ozzfest</a> funk metal" in his 1999 review, and compared it not only to Limp Bizkit but also Korn.<a href="#cite_note-131">[131]</a> Later in 1999, Primus went on tour with Incubus, another artist who cite them as an influence.<a href="#cite_note-origin-79">[79]</a> The band entered a hiatus the following year, and would not release another full length album until 2011.<a href="#cite_note-132">[132]</a> Other influential 80s and early 90s acts such as Faith No More, Mr. Bungle<a href="#cite_note-133">[133]</a> and Red Hot Chili Peppers had largely abandoned the sound in favor of other styles by the latter part of the 90s. Faith No More's bassist <a href="/wiki/Billy_Gould" title="Billy Gould">Billy Gould</a> claimed he was "sick" of the genre as early as 1992,<a href="#cite_note-134">[134]</a> though the band's 1992 album <a href="/wiki/Angel_Dust_(Faith_No_More_album)" title="Angel Dust (Faith No More album)">Angel Dust</a> has been described as having some funk metal characteristics.<a href="#cite_note-135">[135]</a> In 1995, he said: "we were perceived as a gimmick: a mixture of metal and funk and we had this pretty-boy singer. We found it really repulsive. We started getting tapes from bands who were heavy metal funk bands and they were saying we were their main influence, it was horrible. Angel Dust was a way for us to stretch our arms out and hold on to our identity, [Mike] Patton cut his hair and changed how he looked."<a href="#cite_note-136">[136]</a> Spin wrote in 1992 that Angel Dust had "slow, scary songs, and not as much funk-metal thrash as the average fan would expect."<a href="#cite_note-sep-137">[137]</a> In 2003, Brad Filicky of CMJ New Music Report claimed that after the success of their previous album <a href="/wiki/The_Real_Thing_(Faith_No_More_album)" title="The Real Thing (Faith No More album)">The Real Thing</a> (1989), they "grew tired of the trappings and limitations of the genre [so] rather than release that era's equivalent of <a href="/wiki/Significant_Other_(album)" title="Significant Other (album)">Significant Other</a>, the band flipped the script entirely and dropped an experimental bombshell on the scene."<a href="#cite_note-cmj-138">[138]</a> Faith No More would eventually announce their initial split on April 20, 1998.<a href="#cite_note-auto-139">[139]</a> The band's final two albums in the 1990s, <a href="/wiki/King_for_a_Day..._Fool_for_a_Lifetime" title="King for a Day... Fool for a Lifetime">King for a Day... Fool for a Lifetime</a> (1995) and <a href="/wiki/Album_of_the_Year_(Faith_No_More_album)" title="Album of the Year (Faith No More album)">Album of the Year</a> (1997), have usually been considered alternative metal albums rather than funk metal albums,<a href="#cite_note-vox-140">[140]</a><a href="#cite_note-141">[141]</a> although <a href="/wiki/Rolling_Stone" title="Rolling Stone">Rolling Stone</a> still referred to Faith No More as a funk metal band when announcing their split in April 1998.<a href="#cite_note-auto-139">[139]</a> Red Hot Chili Peppers' 1995 album <a href="/wiki/One_Hot_Minute" title="One Hot Minute">One Hot Minute</a> was still considered to have elements of their early funk metal/punk-funk sound,<a href="#cite_note-142">[142]</a><a href="#cite_note-143">[143]</a> however, beginning with 1999's <a href="/wiki/Californication_(album)" title="Californication (album)">Californication</a>, they began heading towards a more mainstream funk-influenced pop rock direction.<a href="#cite_note-144">[144]</a> According to The Washington Post in 1999, acts such as Korn and <a href="/wiki/Limp_Bizkit" title="Limp Bizkit">Limp Bizkit</a> built on the "funk/metal/rap hybrid" of Red Hot Chili Peppers during the four year interval between One Hot Minute and Californication.<a href="#cite_note-145">[145]</a> Anthony Kiedis stated in 2002, "I don't think any of those conservative, ultra-aggro, rap metal bands had the funk influence or punk-rock energy that we had."<a href="#cite_note-146">[146]</a> The feud between Kiedis and Patton was re-ignited in 1999 when Mr. Bungle's album <a href="/wiki/California_(Mr._Bungle_album)" title="California (Mr. Bungle album)">California</a> was pushed back by their label <a href="/wiki/Warner_Bros._Records" class="mw-redirect" title="Warner Bros. Records">Warner Bros. Records</a> as not to coincide with the similarly titled Californication, which was to be released on the same day by Warner Bros.<a href="#cite_note-147">[147]</a> Following the album release date conflict, Kiedis had Mr. Bungle removed from a number of European summer festivals that the Red Hot Chili Peppers were set to perform at.<a href="#cite_note-MrBungleFAQ-148">[148]</a><a href="#cite_note-danny_canak-149">[149]</a> As a result of the concert removals, Mr. Bungle <a href="/wiki/Parody" title="Parody">parodied</a> the Red Hot Chili Peppers on <a href="/wiki/Halloween" title="Halloween">Halloween</a> 1999, in Pontiac, Michigan (the home state of Kiedis). Patton introduced each Mr. Bungle band member with the name of one of the Red Hot Chili Peppers, before covering the songs "<a href="/wiki/Give_It_Away_(Red_Hot_Chili_Peppers_song)" title="Give It Away (Red Hot Chili Peppers song)">Give It Away</a>", "<a href="/wiki/Around_the_World_(Red_Hot_Chili_Peppers_song)" title="Around the World (Red Hot Chili Peppers song)">Around the World</a>", "<a href="/wiki/Under_the_Bridge" title="Under the Bridge">Under the Bridge</a>" and "<a href="/wiki/Scar_Tissue" title="Scar Tissue">Scar Tissue</a>", with Patton deliberately using incorrect lyrics, such as "Sometimes I feel like I'm on heroin" and "Sometimes I feel like a fucking junkie" on "Under the Bridge".<a href="#cite_note-clutch-150">[150]</a> Patton impersonated Kiedis by wearing a blonde wig, and while pretending to be Kiedis, mockingly said to the crowd: "Don't you call me Mike, my name is Anthony. How dare you make that mistake. Mike has been ripping me off for many years."<a href="#cite_note-clutch-150">[150]</a> His bandmates also mocked the heroin overdose death of former Red Hot Chili Peppers guitarist Hillel Slovak.<a href="#cite_note-clutch-150">[150]</a> Kiedis heard about the show and responded by having Mr. Bungle removed from the 2000 <a href="/wiki/Big_Day_Out" title="Big Day Out">Big Day Out</a> Festival in Australia.<a href="#cite_note-MrBungleFAQ-148">[148]</a> Regarding the concert removals, Mr. Bungle's guitarist Trey Spruance said, "It was pretty weird, having been fans of the first two RHCP albums, realizing that somehow something personal had gone amiss somewhere. So amiss that a decade and a half after we’d liked this now hugely popular band’s music (and hadn't thought much about since), we'd be dealing with the fact that they were unmistakably trying to bury us."<a href="#cite_note-fnmf16-151">[151]</a> Mr. Bungle ceased being active in late 2000.<a href="#cite_note-152">[152]</a> Some of their last shows were with Incubus in 2000 at the <a href="/wiki/SnoCore_Tour" title="SnoCore Tour">SnoCore Tour</a>. By then, Mr. Bungle had stopped playing music from their first album, instead playing their avant-garde/<a href="/wiki/Experimental_rock" title="Experimental rock">experimental rock</a> songs from <a href="/wiki/Disco_Volante_(Mr._Bungle_album)" title="Disco Volante (Mr. Bungle album)">Disco Volante</a> (1995) and California.<a href="#cite_note-MrBungleFAQ-148">[148]</a> The only songs from their first album to be played during the California tour were "<a href="/wiki/Travolta_(song)" title="Travolta (song)">Travolta</a>" (also known as "Quote Unquote") and "My Ass is on Fire", which was re-worked to have electronic elements. In late 2000, Rage Against the Machine also split.<a href="#cite_note-153">[153]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Later_years_and_legacy_(2000s_onward)">Later years and legacy (2000s onward)</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Funk_metal&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Later years and legacy (2000s onward)">edit</a>]</div> During 2001, <a href="/wiki/Alien_Ant_Farm" title="Alien Ant Farm">Alien Ant Farm</a> released a hugely successful funk metal cover of <a href="/wiki/Michael_Jackson" title="Michael Jackson">Michael Jackson</a>'s "<a href="/wiki/Smooth_Criminal" title="Smooth Criminal">Smooth Criminal</a>", an <a href="/wiki/Electro_funk" class="mw-redirect" title="Electro funk">electro funk</a> song.<a href="#cite_note-154">[154]</a> Bands formed in the 2000s and 2010s that have been described as funk metal include <a href="/wiki/Psychostick" title="Psychostick">Psychostick</a>,<a href="#cite_note-citypaper-28">[28]</a> <a href="/wiki/Twelve_Foot_Ninja" title="Twelve Foot Ninja">Twelve Foot Ninja</a><a href="#cite_note-155">[155]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Prophets_of_Rage" title="Prophets of Rage">Prophets of Rage</a><a href="#cite_note-156">[156]</a><a href="#cite_note-157">[157]</a> (a supergroup featuring members of <a href="/wiki/Cypress_Hill" title="Cypress Hill">Cypress Hill</a>, <a href="/wiki/Public_Enemy_(group)" class="mw-redirect" title="Public Enemy (group)">Public Enemy</a> and Rage Against the Machine). In 2016, <a href="/wiki/Vice_Magazine" class="mw-redirect" title="Vice Magazine">Vice</a> referred to funk metal as "a mostly-forgotten and occasionally-maligned genre".<a href="#cite_note-vice-77">[77]</a> Trey Spruance mentioned his fondness for the genre in a 2007 interview. When asked if he thought it would make a comeback, he stated "Fuckin' revisionists probably won't think its cool enough... they'll go straight for the <a href="/wiki/Grunge" title="Grunge">flannels and heroin</a>."<a href="#cite_note-158">[158]</a> In 2022, <a href="/wiki/Blabbermouth.net" title="Blabbermouth.net">Blabbermouth.net</a> labelled the genre as "absurdly entertaining and considerably more inventive than many of the cross-pollinated subgenres that came later", further adding that "obviously, funk-metal was not built to last and both grunge and nu-metal were far bigger commercial propositions in the years that followed."<a href="#cite_note-159">[159]</a> <a href="/wiki/Fox_News" title="Fox News">Fox News</a> host <a href="/wiki/Greg_Gutfeld" title="Greg Gutfeld">Greg Gutfeld</a> injected himself into the Kiedis-Patton feud in 2016, calling Red Hot Chili Peppers "the worst band in the universe" and "poor man's Faith No More."<a href="#cite_note-160">[160]</a> In 2020, Mr. Bungle reunited as a <a href="/wiki/Thrash_metal" title="Thrash metal">thrash metal</a> band, with the band's earlier funk metal material not being performed live.<a href="#cite_note-161">[161]</a> German band Slope's 2024 album Freak Dreams, released on <a href="/wiki/Century_Media_Records" title="Century Media Records">Century Media</a>, was widely described as funk metal upon release.<a href="#cite_note-162">[162]</a><a href="#cite_note-163">[163]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Funk_metal&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Groove_metal" title="Groove metal">Groove metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rap_metal" title="Rap metal">Rap metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_funk_metal_and_funk_rock_bands" class="mw-redirect" title="List of funk metal and funk rock bands">List of funk metal and funk rock bands</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Funk_metal&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-smith-1">^ <a href="#cite_ref-smith_1-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-smith_1-1">b</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFSmith2009" class="citation book cs1">Smith, Chris (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=G4mP7u6mPdkC&q=%22funk+metal%22+%22punk%22&pg=PA217">101 Albums that Changed Popular Music</a>. Oxford University Press. p. 217. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780195373714" title="Special:BookSources/9780195373714"><bdi>9780195373714</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=101+Albums+that+Changed+Popular+Music&rft.pages=217&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=9780195373714&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Chris&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DG4mP7u6mPdkC%26q%3D%2522funk%2Bmetal%2522%2B%2522punk%2522%26pg%3DPA217&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFunk+metal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-primusbook-2">^ <a href="#cite_ref-primusbook_2-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-primusbook_2-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-primusbook_2-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-primusbook_2-3">d</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPrato2014" class="citation book cs1">Prato, Greg (September 16, 2014). Primus, Over the Electric Grapevine: Insight into Primus and the World of Les Claypool. 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Retrieved June 28, 2022. <q>Funk metal (late 1980s) employs the distinctive sound of funk; conventional riffing is similar to 1980s thrash metal (Red Hot Chili Peppers, Living Colour, Primus and Rage Against the Machine)</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Microgenre%3A+A+Quick+Look+at+Small+Culture&rft.pages=167&rft.pub=Bloomsbury+Publishing&rft.date=2020&rft.isbn=9781501345838&rft.aulast=Stevens&rft.aufirst=Anne&rft.au=O%E2%80%99Donnell%2C+Molly&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DRkzODwAAQBAJ%26dq%3D%2522funk%2Bmetal%2522%2B%2522rapping%2522%26pg%3DPA167&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFunk+metal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-wash-4">^ <a href="#cite_ref-wash_4-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-wash_4-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-wash_4-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJenkins1991" class="citation news cs1">Jenkins, Mark (October 27, 1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/style/1991/10/27/californias-funk-metalists-putting-on-airs/1e84cb28-534e-4615-9d47-84bea43e9e18/">"California's Funk-Metalists, Putting on Airs"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180702064539/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/style/1991/10/27/californias-funk-metalists-putting-on-airs/1e84cb28-534e-4615-9d47-84bea43e9e18/">Archived</a> from the original on July 2, 2018. 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Retrieved June 8, 2024. <q>FUNK METAL — Nothing wrong with RHCP, but when all these Thrash bands all of a sudden were doing slap bass and stopped thrashing, I gotta say, it was a bummer</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+merciless+book+of+metal+lists&rft.pub=ABRAMS&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-1-61312-501-4&rft.aulast=Abrams&rft.aufirst=Howie&rft.au=Jenkins%2C+Sacha&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DOiTlJYN3mVgC%26q%3D%255D%2BThe%2Bmerciless%2Bbook%2Bof%2Bmetal%2Blists&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFunk+metal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-louderwcal-11">^ <a href="#cite_ref-louderwcal_11-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-louderwcal_11-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPratopublished2014" class="citation web cs1">Pratopublished, Greg (April 28, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loudersound.com/features/the-story-behind-the-song-we-care-a-lot-by-faith-no-more">"The Story Behind The Song: We Care A Lot by Faith No More"</a>. loudersound.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=loudersound&rft.atitle=The+Story+Behind+The+Song%3A+We+Care+A+Lot+by+Faith+No+More&rft.date=2014-04-28&rft.aulast=Pratopublished&rft.aufirst=Greg&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.loudersound.com%2Ffeatures%2Fthe-story-behind-the-song-we-care-a-lot-by-faith-no-more&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFunk+metal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCalia2016" class="citation news cs1">Calia, Michael (August 16, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/BL-SEB-96548">"Listen to a New Mix of the Original 'We Care a Lot' From Faith No More (Exclusive)"</a>. 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MTV. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mtv.com/news/rjpmiv/hoobastank-crawling-out-of-incubus-shadow">the original</a> on December 4, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=MTV&rft.atitle=Hoobastank+%27Crawling%27+Out+Of+Incubus%27+Shadow&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mtv.com%2Fnews%2Frjpmiv%2Fhoobastank-crawling-out-of-incubus-shadow&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFunk+metal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStaffCOHEN2002" class="citation web cs1">Staff, Pitt News; COHEN, JOSHUA T. (September 24, 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pittnews.com/article/39583/archives/dont-call-them-incubus/">"Don't call them Incubus"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Don%27t+call+them+Incubus&rft.date=2002-09-24&rft.aulast=Staff&rft.aufirst=Pitt+News&rft.au=COHEN%2C+JOSHUA+T.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpittnews.com%2Farticle%2F39583%2Farchives%2Fdont-call-them-incubus%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFunk+metal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-AXS-90"><a href="#cite_ref-AXS_90-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.axs.com/5-reasons-to-love-hoobastank-66942">"5 reasons to love Hoobastank"</a>. <a href="/wiki/AXS_(company)" title="AXS (company)">AXS</a>. 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March 22, 1999.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Sweet+Success+%3A+A+less+hard-edged+Sugar+Ray%2C+possibly+the+ultimate+populist+rock+band+of+the+moment%2C+revels+in+its+breezy%2C+fun+new+attitude.&rft.date=1999-03-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-1999-mar-22-ca-19733-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFunk+metal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-92"><a href="#cite_ref-92">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGiantino2021" class="citation web cs1">Giantino, Linda (November 19, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://chaospin.com/best-sugar-ray-songs/">"The 10 Best Sugar Ray Songs of All-Time"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+10+Best+Sugar+Ray+Songs+of+All-Time&rft.date=2021-11-19&rft.aulast=Giantino&rft.aufirst=Linda&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fchaospin.com%2Fbest-sugar-ray-songs%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFunk+metal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-93"><a href="#cite_ref-93">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.allmusic.com/album/in-the-pursuit-of-leisure-mw0000030083">"Sugar Ray - In the Pursuit of Leisure Album Reviews, Songs & More | AllMusic"</a> – via www.allmusic.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sugar+Ray+-+In+the+Pursuit+of+Leisure+Album+Reviews%2C+Songs+%26+More+%26%23124%3B+AllMusic&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.allmusic.com%2Falbum%2Fin-the-pursuit-of-leisure-mw0000030083&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFunk+metal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-michigan-94">^ <a href="#cite_ref-michigan_94-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-michigan_94-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=9w9KAAAAIBAJ&dq=%22sugar+ray+is+the+same+feeling%22&pg=PA16&article_id=4403,465501">"The Michigan Daily"</a>. 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St. Martin's. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/limpbizkit0000deve/page/159">159–60</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-312-26349-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-312-26349-X"><bdi>0-312-26349-X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Limp+Bizkit&rft.pages=159-60&rft.pub=St.+Martin%27s&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=0-312-26349-X&rft.aulast=Devenish&rft.aufirst=Colin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Flimpbizkit0000deve%2Fpage%2F159&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFunk+metal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-131"><a href="#cite_ref-131">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=XyoEAAAAMBAJ&dq=%22funk+metal%22&pg=PA57">"CMJ New Music Monthly"</a>. November 1999.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=CMJ+New+Music+Monthly&rft.date=1999-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DXyoEAAAAMBAJ%26dq%3D%2522funk%2Bmetal%2522%26pg%3DPA57&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFunk+metal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-132"><a href="#cite_ref-132">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJosh_Hart2011" class="citation web cs1">Josh Hart (June 6, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.guitarworld.com/news/primus-set-release-new-album-green-naugahyde-september">"Primus Set To Release New Album, 'Green Naugahyde,' This September"</a>. guitarworld.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=guitarworld&rft.atitle=Primus+Set+To+Release+New+Album%2C+%27Green+Naugahyde%2C%27+This+September&rft.date=2011-06-06&rft.au=Josh+Hart&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.guitarworld.com%2Fnews%2Fprimus-set-release-new-album-green-naugahyde-september&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFunk+metal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-133"><a href="#cite_ref-133">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBailey2015" class="citation web cs1">Bailey, Jason (October 16, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.invisibleoranges.com/mr-bungle-disco-volante-turns-20/">"Mr Bungle's Disco Volante Turns 20"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Invisible_Oranges" title="Invisible Oranges">Invisible Oranges</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160130135430/http://www.invisibleoranges.com/mr-bungle-disco-volante-turns-20/">Archived</a> from the original on January 30, 2016. Retrieved June 16, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Invisible+Oranges&rft.atitle=Mr+Bungle%27s+Disco+Volante+Turns+20&rft.date=2015-10-16&rft.aulast=Bailey&rft.aufirst=Jason&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.invisibleoranges.com%2Fmr-bungle-disco-volante-turns-20%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFunk+metal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-134"><a href="#cite_ref-134">^</a> Archived at <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211211/yhdPYQgukr8">Ghostarchive</a> and the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120124001919/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yhdPYQgukr8&gl=US&hl=en">Wayback Machine</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yhdPYQgukr8">"Faith No More - Making Of Angel Dust (Full)"</a>. December 18, 2011 – via <a href="/wiki/YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Faith+No+More+-+Making+Of+Angel+Dust+%28Full%29&rft.date=2011-12-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DyhdPYQgukr8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFunk+metal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-135"><a href="#cite_ref-135">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChristopher2017" class="citation web cs1">Christopher, Michael (June 8, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://diffuser.fm/faith-no-more-angel-dust/">"25 Years Ago: Faith No More Confounds and Thrills With 'Angel Dust'"</a>. Diffuser.fm. Retrieved July 19, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Diffuser.fm&rft.atitle=25+Years+Ago%3A+Faith+No+More+Confounds+and+Thrills+With+%27Angel+Dust%27&rft.date=2017-06-08&rft.aulast=Christopher&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdiffuser.fm%2Ffaith-no-more-angel-dust%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFunk+metal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-136"><a href="#cite_ref-136">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fnmfollowers.com/post/faith-no-more-kerrang-issue-535-march-3rd-1995">"Faith No More - Kerrang! Issue 535, March 3rd 1995"</a>. Fnmfollowers.com. March 4, 2020. Retrieved July 19, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Fnmfollowers.com&rft.atitle=Faith+No+More+-+Kerrang%21+Issue+535%2C+March+3rd+1995&rft.date=2020-03-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fnmfollowers.com%2Fpost%2Ffaith-no-more-kerrang-issue-535-march-3rd-1995&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFunk+metal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-sep-137"><a href="#cite_ref-sep_137-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLLC1992" class="citation web cs1">LLC, SPIN Media (September 26, 1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=tAU7_ejzzoYC&dq=%22the+real+thing%22+%22funk+metal%22&pg=PT119">"SPIN"</a>. SPIN Media LLC – via Google Books.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=SPIN&rft.pub=SPIN+Media+LLC&rft.date=1992-09-26&rft.aulast=LLC&rft.aufirst=SPIN+Media&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DtAU7_ejzzoYC%26dq%3D%2522the%2Breal%2Bthing%2522%2B%2522funk%2Bmetal%2522%26pg%3DPT119&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFunk+metal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-cmj-138"><a href="#cite_ref-cmj_138-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=l_7JOR1NkrYC&dq=%22faith+no+more%22+%22real+thing%22+%22funk+metal%22&pg=PA7">"CMJ New Music Report"</a>. CMJ Network, Inc. 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(April 20, 1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/no-more-faith-no-more-182924/">"No More Faith No More"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Rolling_Stone" title="Rolling Stone">Rolling Stone</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rolling+Stone&rft.atitle=No+More+Faith+No+More&rft.date=1998-04-20&rft.aulast=Fischer&rft.aufirst=Blair+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rollingstone.com%2Fmusic%2Fmusic-news%2Fno-more-faith-no-more-182924%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFunk+metal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-vox-140"><a href="#cite_ref-vox_140-0">^</a> Vox magazine, June 1997. </li> <li id="cite_note-141"><a href="#cite_ref-141">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHill2016" class="citation web cs1">Hill, Stephen (December 15, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161215132619/http://teamrock.com/feature/2016-12-14/the-10-essential-alt-metal-albums">"The 10 essential alt-metal albums - Metal Hammer"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Metal_Hammer" title="Metal Hammer">Metal Hammer</a>. Archived from the original on December 15, 2016. Retrieved January 30, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+10+essential+alt-metal+albums+-+Metal+Hammer&rft.pub=Metal+Hammer&rft.date=2016-12-15&rft.aulast=Hill&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fteamrock.com%2Ffeature%2F2016-12-14%2Fthe-10-essential-alt-metal-albums&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFunk+metal" class="Z3988"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_bot:_original_URL_status_unknown" title="Category:CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown">link</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-142"><a href="#cite_ref-142">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNEAL2011" class="citation web cs1">NEAL, MATT (August 25, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.standard.net.au/story/795257/red-hot-chili-peppers/">"Red Hot Chili Peppers"</a>. The Standard. Retrieved July 19, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Standard&rft.atitle=Red+Hot+Chili+Peppers&rft.date=2011-08-25&rft.aulast=NEAL&rft.aufirst=MATT&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.standard.net.au%2Fstory%2F795257%2Fred-hot-chili-peppers%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFunk+metal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-143"><a href="#cite_ref-143">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archives.nd.edu/observer/v49/2015-11-18_v49_056.pdf">"The Observer"</a> (PDF). Archives.nd.edu. November 18, 2015. p. 9. Retrieved March 6, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Archives.nd.edu&rft.atitle=The+Observer&rft.pages=9&rft.date=2015-11-18&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchives.nd.edu%2Fobserver%2Fv49%2F2015-11-18_v49_056.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFunk+metal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-144"><a href="#cite_ref-144">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.popmatters.com/most-memorable-albums-1999-part2-2496036821.html?rebelltitem=28#rebelltitem28?rebelltitem=28">"Red Hot Chilli Peppers - Californication [Warner Bros.]"</a>. PopMatters.com. June 9, 2020. 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Retrieved July 19, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Washingtonpost.com&rft.atitle=Older+and+Riper&rft.date=1999-06-16&rft.aulast=Harrington&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Farchive%2Flifestyle%2F1999%2F06%2F16%2Folder-and-riper%2F03433701-c3c2-4ea6-876e-d1094e22970d%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFunk+metal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-146"><a href="#cite_ref-146">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=6Vy26TGdauEC&q=%22rap+metal+bands++had+the+funk%22&pg=PA64">"Aug 2002"</a>. Spin. August 2002. p. 64. Retrieved July 2, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Spin&rft.atitle=Aug+2002&rft.pages=64&rft.date=2002-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D6Vy26TGdauEC%26q%3D%2522rap%2Bmetal%2Bbands%2B%2Bhad%2Bthe%2Bfunk%2522%26pg%3DPA64&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFunk+metal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-147"><a href="#cite_ref-147">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFairbrother2019" class="citation news cs1">Fairbrother, Zach (May 24, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bostonhassle.com/may-19-compass-zachs-facts-funk-metal-feud/">"May 19' Compass: Zach's Facts // Funk Metal Feud"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Boston_Hassle" title="Boston Hassle">Boston Hassle</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200704035120/https://bostonhassle.com/may-19-compass-zachs-facts-funk-metal-feud/">Archived</a> from the original on July 4, 2020. Retrieved July 31, 2020. <q>It was the late 80's and funk metal had reached its apex in popular music. There were two undisputed titan's in the field, The Red Hot Chili Peppers led by Anthony Kiedis and Faith No More fronted by Mike Patton</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Boston+Hassle&rft.atitle=May+19%27+Compass%3A+Zach%27s+Facts+%2F%2F+Funk+Metal+Feud&rft.date=2019-05-24&rft.aulast=Fairbrother&rft.aufirst=Zach&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbostonhassle.com%2Fmay-19-compass-zachs-facts-funk-metal-feud%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFunk+metal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-MrBungleFAQ-148">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MrBungleFAQ_148-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MrBungleFAQ_148-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MrBungleFAQ_148-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bunglefever.com/faq.html">"Mr. Bungle Frequently Asked Questions"</a>. www.bunglefever.com. Retrieved August 6, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.bunglefever.com&rft.atitle=Mr.+Bungle+Frequently+Asked+Questions&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bunglefever.com%2Ffaq.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFunk+metal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-danny_canak-149"><a href="#cite_ref-danny_canak_149-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCanak2003" class="citation web cs1">Canak, Danny (July 2, 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.absolutmetal.com/PattonInterview.htm">"Bungle No More? Mike Patton Interview"</a>. Absolut Metal. Retrieved May 5, 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bungle+No+More%3F+Mike+Patton+Interview&rft.pub=Absolut+Metal&rft.date=2003-07-02&rft.aulast=Canak&rft.aufirst=Danny&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.absolutmetal.com%2FPattonInterview.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFunk+metal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-clutch-150">^ <a href="#cite_ref-clutch_150-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-clutch_150-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-clutch_150-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5sT0WSwgHLc">"Mr. Bungle - Clutch Cargo's, Pontiac, MI, USA (1999)"</a>. May 24, 2016 – via www.youtube.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mr.+Bungle+-+Clutch+Cargo%27s%2C+Pontiac%2C+MI%2C+USA+%281999%29&rft.date=2016-05-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3D5sT0WSwgHLc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFunk+metal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-fnmf16-151"><a href="#cite_ref-fnmf16_151-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.faithnomorefollowers.com/2016/11/trey-spruance-halloween-interview.html">"TREY SPRUANCE HALLOWEEN INTERVIEW"</a>. November 2016. Retrieved July 16, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=TREY+SPRUANCE+HALLOWEEN+INTERVIEW&rft.date=2016-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.faithnomorefollowers.com%2F2016%2F11%2Ftrey-spruance-halloween-interview.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFunk+metal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-152"><a href="#cite_ref-152">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bunglefever.com/in-press_baer_interview.html">"In*Press Article - "Bungled Bungle""</a>. Bunglefever.com. Retrieved June 29, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=In%2APress+Article+-+%22Bungled+Bungle%22&rft.pub=Bunglefever.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bunglefever.com%2Fin-press_baer_interview.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFunk+metal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-153"><a href="#cite_ref-153">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSimon_Young2016" class="citation web cs1">Simon Young (October 18, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loudersound.com/features/what-happened-when-zack-de-la-rocha-quit-rage-against-the-machine">"Louder Than Bombs: What Really Happened When Zack de la Rocha Quit RATM?"</a>. loudersound.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=loudersound&rft.atitle=Louder+Than+Bombs%3A+What+Really+Happened+When+Zack+de+la+Rocha+Quit+RATM%3F&rft.date=2016-10-18&rft.au=Simon+Young&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.loudersound.com%2Ffeatures%2Fwhat-happened-when-zack-de-la-rocha-quit-rage-against-the-machine&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFunk+metal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-154"><a href="#cite_ref-154">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMacKenzie_Wilson" class="citation web cs1">MacKenzie Wilson. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.allmusic.com/artist/alien-ant-farm-mn0000743709/biography">"Alien Ant Farm"</a>. <a href="/wiki/AllMusic" title="AllMusic">AllMusic</a>. Retrieved November 23, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=AllMusic&rft.atitle=Alien+Ant+Farm&rft.au=MacKenzie+Wilson&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.allmusic.com%2Fartist%2Falien-ant-farm-mn0000743709%2Fbiography&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFunk+metal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-155"><a href="#cite_ref-155">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://heavymag.com.au/live-review-twelve-foot-ninja-at-the-miami-shark-bar-16th-feb-2017/">"[LIVE REVIEW] TWELVE FOOT NINJA at The Miami Shark Bar, 16th Feb 2017"</a>. February 18, 2017. Retrieved January 24, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%5BLIVE+REVIEW%5D+TWELVE+FOOT+NINJA+at+The+Miami+Shark+Bar%2C+16th+Feb+2017&rft.date=2017-02-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fheavymag.com.au%2Flive-review-twelve-foot-ninja-at-the-miami-shark-bar-16th-feb-2017%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFunk+metal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-156"><a href="#cite_ref-156">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEspinoza" class="citation web cs1">Espinoza, Russ. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/russespinoza/2017/09/13/with-debut-lp-prophets-of-rage-strive-to-be-soundtrack-for-the-resistance/">"With Debut LP, Prophets Of Rage Strive To Be 'Soundtrack For The Resistance'"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Forbes" title="Forbes">Forbes</a>. Retrieved January 24, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Forbes&rft.atitle=With+Debut+LP%2C+Prophets+Of+Rage+Strive+To+Be+%27Soundtrack+For+The+Resistance%27&rft.aulast=Espinoza&rft.aufirst=Russ&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.forbes.com%2Fsites%2Frussespinoza%2F2017%2F09%2F13%2Fwith-debut-lp-prophets-of-rage-strive-to-be-soundtrack-for-the-resistance%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFunk+metal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-157"><a href="#cite_ref-157">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.revolvermag.com/music/hear-prophets-rages-bruising-new-song-strength-numbers">"Hear Prophets of Rage's Bruising New Song "Strength in Numbers""</a>. Revolver. September 5, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Revolver&rft.atitle=Hear+Prophets+of+Rage%27s+Bruising+New+Song+%22Strength+in+Numbers%22&rft.date=2017-09-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.revolvermag.com%2Fmusic%2Fhear-prophets-rages-bruising-new-song-strength-numbers&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFunk+metal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-158"><a href="#cite_ref-158">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.markprindle.com/spruance-i.htm">"Trey Spruance interview"</a>. Markprindle.com. Retrieved January 5, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Markprindle.com&rft.atitle=Trey+Spruance+interview&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.markprindle.com%2Fspruance-i.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFunk+metal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-159"><a href="#cite_ref-159">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://blabbermouth.net/reviews/head-first">"Head First"</a>. BLABBERMOUTH.NET. May 24, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BLABBERMOUTH.NET&rft.atitle=Head+First&rft.date=2022-05-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fblabbermouth.net%2Freviews%2Fhead-first&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFunk+metal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-160"><a href="#cite_ref-160">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStutz2016" class="citation magazine cs1">Stutz, Colin (August 23, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.billboard.com/music/rock/fox-news-red-hot-chili-peppers-worst-band-on-the-planet-video-7486858/">"Fox News Calls Red Hot Chili Peppers 'Worst Band on the Planet'"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Billboard_(magazine)" title="Billboard (magazine)">Billboard</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Billboard&rft.atitle=Fox+News+Calls+Red+Hot+Chili+Peppers+%27Worst+Band+on+the+Planet%27&rft.date=2016-08-23&rft.aulast=Stutz&rft.aufirst=Colin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.billboard.com%2Fmusic%2Frock%2Ffox-news-red-hot-chili-peppers-worst-band-on-the-planet-video-7486858%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFunk+metal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-161"><a href="#cite_ref-161">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.revolvermag.com/music/review-mr-bungle-astound-and-antagonize-first-show-nearly-20-years">"Review: Mr. Bungle Astound and Antagonize at First Show in Nearly 20 Years"</a>. Revolver. February 6, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Revolver&rft.atitle=Review%3A+Mr.+Bungle+Astound+and+Antagonize+at+First+Show+in+Nearly+20+Years&rft.date=2020-02-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.revolvermag.com%2Fmusic%2Freview-mr-bungle-astound-and-antagonize-first-show-nearly-20-years&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFunk+metal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-162"><a href="#cite_ref-162">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kerrang.com/album-review-slope-freak-dreams">"Album review: Slope – Freak Dreams"</a>. Kerrang!. January 30, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Kerrang%21&rft.atitle=Album+review%3A+Slope+%E2%80%93+Freak+Dreams&rft.date=2024-01-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kerrang.com%2Falbum-review-slope-freak-dreams&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFunk+metal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-163"><a href="#cite_ref-163">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://blabbermouth.net/reviews/freak-dreams">"Freak Dreams"</a>. BLABBERMOUTH.NET. January 30, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BLABBERMOUTH.NET&rft.atitle=Freak+Dreams&rft.date=2024-01-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fblabbermouth.net%2Freviews%2Ffreak-dreams&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFunk+metal" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Funk_metal&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Bibliography">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><cite id="refDimery2006"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChick2006" class="citation book cs1">Chick, Stevie (2006). Dimery, Robert (ed.). 1001 Albums You Must Hear Before You Die. Quintet Publishing Limited. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7893-1371-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-7893-1371-5"><bdi>0-7893-1371-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=1001+Albums+You+Must+Hear+Before+You+Die&rft.pub=Quintet+Publishing+Limited&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=0-7893-1371-5&rft.aulast=Chick&rft.aufirst=Stevie&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFunk+metal" class="Z3988"></cite></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Alternative_metal" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse 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style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Alternative_metal" title="Alternative metal">Alternative metal</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Subgenres</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Funk metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grunge" title="Grunge">Grunge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Industrial_metal" title="Industrial metal">Industrial metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nu_metal" title="Nu metal">Nu metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rap_metal" title="Rap metal">Rap metal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Fusion genres</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Neue_Deutsche_H%C3%A4rte" title="Neue Deutsche Härte">Neue Deutsche Härte</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_alternative_metal_artists" title="List of alternative metal artists">List of alternative metal artists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_funk_rock_bands" class="mw-redirect" title="List of funk rock bands">List of funk metal and funk rock bands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_nu_metal_bands" title="List of nu metal bands">List of nu metal bands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rap_rock_bands" title="List of rap rock bands">List of rap metal and rap rock bands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:Alternative_metal" title="Category:Alternative metal">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Alternative_rock" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Alternative_rock" title="Template:Alternative rock"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Alternative_rock" title="Template talk:Alternative rock"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Alternative_rock" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Alternative rock"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Alternative_rock" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Alternative_rock" title="Alternative rock">Alternative rock</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Precursors</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jangle_pop" title="Jangle pop">Jangle pop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punk_rock" title="Punk rock">Punk rock</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Avant-punk" title="Avant-punk">Avant-punk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hardcore_punk" title="Hardcore punk">Hardcore punk</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Post-hardcore" title="Post-hardcore">Post-hardcore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riot_grrrl" title="Riot grrrl">Riot grrrl</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_wave_music" title="New wave music">New wave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noise_rock" title="Noise rock">Noise rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proto-punk" title="Proto-punk">Proto-punk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-punk" title="Post-punk">Post-punk</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_rock" title="Gothic rock">Gothic rock</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Alternative_rock_genres" title="Category:Alternative rock genres">Styles and fusion genres</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alternative_country" title="Alternative country">Alternative country</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_country" title="Gothic country">Gothic country</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alternative_dance" title="Alternative dance">Alternative dance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Britpop" title="Britpop">Britpop</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Post-Britpop" title="Post-Britpop">Post-Britpop</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chamber_pop" title="Chamber pop">Chamber pop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_alternative_rock" title="Christian alternative rock">Christian alternative rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/College_rock" title="College rock">College rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dark_cabaret" title="Dark cabaret">Dark cabaret</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dolewave" title="Dolewave">Dolewave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emo" title="Emo">Emo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geek_rock" title="Geek rock">Geek rock</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wizard_rock" title="Wizard rock">Wizard rock</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grebo_(music)" title="Grebo (music)">Grebo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grunge" title="Grunge">Grunge</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Post-grunge" title="Post-grunge">Post-grunge</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indie_rock" title="Indie rock">Indie rock</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indie_folk" title="Indie folk">Indie folk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jangle_pop" title="Jangle pop">Jangle pop</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dunedin_Sound" class="mw-redirect" title="Dunedin Sound">Dunedin Sound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paisley_Underground" title="Paisley Underground">Paisley Underground</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Math_rock" title="Math rock">Math rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_rave" title="New rave">New rave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slowcore" title="Slowcore">Slowcore</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Industrial_rock" title="Industrial rock">Industrial rock</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Industrial_metal" title="Industrial metal">Industrial metal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latin_alternative" title="Latin alternative">Latin alternative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madchester" title="Madchester">Madchester</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baggy" title="Baggy">Baggy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mangue_bit" title="Mangue bit">Mangue bit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neo-psychedelia" title="Neo-psychedelia">Neo-psychedelia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dream_pop" title="Dream pop">Dream pop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shoegaze" title="Shoegaze">Shoegaze</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blackgaze" title="Blackgaze">Blackgaze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nu_gaze" title="Nu gaze">Nu gaze</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_wave_of_new_wave" title="New wave of new wave">New wave of new wave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noise_pop" title="Noise pop">Noise pop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pagan_rock" title="Pagan rock">Pagan rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-punk_revival" title="Post-punk revival">Post-punk revival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-rock" title="Post-rock">Post-rock</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Post-metal" title="Post-metal">Post-metal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slacker_rock" title="Slacker rock">Slacker rock</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Alternative_metal" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Alternative_metal" title="Alternative metal">Alternative metal</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Funk metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neue_Deutsche_H%C3%A4rte" title="Neue Deutsche Härte">Neue Deutsche Härte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nu_metal" title="Nu metal">Nu metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rap_metal" title="Rap metal">Rap metal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alternative_Airplay" title="Alternative Airplay">Alternative Airplay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anorak_(slang)" title="Anorak (slang)">Anorak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_alternative_rock_artists" title="List of alternative rock artists">Artists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C86" title="C86">C86</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Campus_radio" title="Campus radio">Campus radio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_music" title="Independent music">Independent music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indie_pop" title="Indie pop">Indie pop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_record_label" title="Independent record label">Independent record label</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lo-fi_music" title="Lo-fi music">Lo-fi music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lollapalooza" title="Lollapalooza">Lollapalooza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outsider_music" title="Outsider music">Outsider music</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:Alternative_rock" title="Category:Alternative rock">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Extreme_metal" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Extreme_metal" title="Template:Extreme metal"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Extreme_metal" title="Template talk:Extreme metal"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Extreme_metal" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Extreme metal"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Extreme_metal" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Extreme_metal" title="Extreme metal">Extreme metal</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Genres</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black_metal" title="Black metal">Black metal</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Socialist_black_metal" title="National Socialist black metal">National Socialist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symphonic_black_metal" title="Symphonic black metal">symphonic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unblack_metal" title="Unblack metal">unblack</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_metal" title="Death metal">death metal</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brutal_death_metal" title="Brutal death metal">brutal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melodic_death_metal" title="Melodic death metal">melodic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technical_death_metal" title="Technical death metal">technical</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doom_metal" title="Doom metal">doom metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Speed_metal" title="Speed metal">speed metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thrash_metal" title="Thrash metal">thrash metal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Fusion genres</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blackened_death_metal" title="Blackened death metal">Blackened death metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blackgaze" title="Blackgaze">blackgaze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crossover_thrash" title="Crossover thrash">crossover thrash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crust_punk" title="Crust punk">crust punk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death-doom" title="Death-doom">death-doom</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Funeral_doom" title="Funeral doom">funeral doom</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_%27n%27_roll" title="Death 'n' roll">death 'n' roll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drone_metal" title="Drone metal">drone metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grindcore" title="Grindcore">grindcore</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Goregrind" title="Goregrind">goregrind</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pornogrind" title="Pornogrind">pornogrind</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metalcore" title="Metalcore">metalcore</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Deathcore" title="Deathcore">deathcore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electronicore" title="Electronicore">electronicore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mathcore" title="Mathcore">mathcore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melodic_metalcore" title="Melodic metalcore">melodic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nintendocore" title="Nintendocore">Nintendocore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressive_metalcore" title="Progressive metalcore">progressive</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pagan_metal" title="Pagan metal">pagan metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sludge_metal" title="Sludge metal">sludge metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stoner_rock" title="Stoner rock">stoner rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viking_metal" title="Viking metal">Viking metal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Derivative forms</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Avant-garde_metal" title="Avant-garde metal">Avant-garde metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beatdown_hardcore" title="Beatdown hardcore">beatdown hardcore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dungeon_synth" title="Dungeon synth">dungeon synth</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">funk metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_metal" title="Gothic metal">gothic metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Groove_metal" title="Groove metal">groove metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grunge" title="Grunge">grunge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyperpop" title="Hyperpop">hyperpop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neoclassical_metal" title="Neoclassical metal">neoclassical metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nu_metal" title="Nu metal">nu metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-metal" title="Post-metal">post-metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Power_metal" title="Power metal">power metal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Notable scenes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australian_thrash_metal" title="Australian thrash metal">Australian thrash metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bay_Area_thrash_metal" title="Bay Area thrash metal">Bay Area thrash metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazilian_thrash_metal" title="Brazilian thrash metal">Brazilian thrash metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Early_Norwegian_black_metal_scene" title="Early Norwegian black metal scene">Early Norwegian black metal scene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florida_death_metal" title="Florida death metal">Florida death metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Les_L%C3%A9gions_Noires" title="Les Légions Noires">Les Légions Noires</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palm_Desert_Scene" title="Palm Desert Scene">Palm Desert Scene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swedish_death_metal" title="Swedish death metal">Swedish death metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teutonic_thrash_metal" title="Teutonic thrash metal">Teutonic thrash metal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Death_growl" title="Death growl">Death growl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hardcore_punk" title="Hardcore punk">hardcore punk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heavy_metal_genres" title="Heavy metal genres">heavy metal genres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moshing" title="Moshing">moshing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_wave_of_British_heavy_metal" title="New wave of British heavy metal">New wave of British heavy metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Screaming_(music)" title="Screaming (music)">screaming</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_extreme_metal_bands" title="List of extreme metal bands">List of bands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Heavy_metal" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Heavy_metal_music" title="Template:Heavy metal music"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Heavy_metal_music" title="Template talk:Heavy metal music"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Heavy_metal_music" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Heavy metal music"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Heavy_metal" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Heavy_metal_music" title="Heavy metal music">Heavy metal</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Heavy_metal_genres" title="Heavy metal genres">Subgenres and fusion genres</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alternative_metal" title="Alternative metal">Alternative metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avant-garde_metal" title="Avant-garde metal">Avant-garde metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beatdown_hardcore" title="Beatdown hardcore">Beatdown hardcore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biker_metal" title="Biker metal">Biker metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_metal" title="Black metal">Black metal</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Socialist_black_metal" title="National Socialist black metal">National Socialist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symphonic_black_metal" title="Symphonic black metal">Symphonic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unblack_metal" title="Unblack metal">Unblack</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blackened_death_metal" title="Blackened death metal">Blackened death metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blackgaze" title="Blackgaze">Blackgaze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_metal" title="Christian metal">Christian metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crust_punk" title="Crust punk">Crust punk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_metal" title="Death metal">Death metal</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brutal_death_metal" title="Brutal death metal">Brutal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melodic_death_metal" title="Melodic death metal">Melodic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technical_death_metal" title="Technical death metal">Technical</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_%27n%27_roll" title="Death 'n' roll">Death 'n' roll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deathcore" title="Deathcore">Deathcore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death-doom" title="Death-doom">Death-doom</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Funeral_doom" title="Funeral doom">Funeral doom</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Djent" title="Djent">Djent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doom_metal" title="Doom metal">Doom metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drone_metal" title="Drone metal">Drone metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electronicore" title="Electronicore">Electronicore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extreme_metal" title="Extreme metal">Extreme metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folk_metal" title="Folk metal">Folk metal</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Celtic_metal" title="Celtic metal">Celtic metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medieval_metal" title="Medieval metal">Medieval metal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Funk metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glam_metal" title="Glam metal">Glam metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goregrind" title="Goregrind">Goregrind</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_metal" title="Gothic metal">Gothic metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grindcore" title="Grindcore">Grindcore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grunge" title="Grunge">Grunge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Groove_metal" title="Groove metal">Groove metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Industrial_metal" title="Industrial metal">Industrial metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kawaii_metal" title="Kawaii metal">Kawaii metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latin_metal" title="Latin metal">Latin metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mathcore" title="Mathcore">Mathcore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metalcore" title="Metalcore">Metalcore</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Melodic_metalcore" title="Melodic metalcore">Melodic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressive_metalcore" title="Progressive metalcore">Progressive</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neoclassical_metal" title="Neoclassical metal">Neoclassical metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neue_Deutsche_H%C3%A4rte" title="Neue Deutsche Härte">Neue Deutsche Härte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nintendocore" title="Nintendocore">Nintendocore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nu_metal" title="Nu metal">Nu metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pagan_metal" title="Pagan metal">Pagan metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pirate_metal" title="Pirate metal">Pirate metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pornogrind" title="Pornogrind">Pornogrind</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-metal" title="Post-metal">Post-metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pop_metal" title="Pop metal">Pop metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Power_metal" title="Power metal">Power metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressive_metal" title="Progressive metal">Progressive metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rap_metal" title="Rap metal">Rap metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sludge_metal" title="Sludge metal">Sludge metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Speed_metal" title="Speed metal">Speed metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stoner_metal" class="mw-redirect" title="Stoner metal">Stoner metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symphonic_metal" title="Symphonic metal">Symphonic metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thrash_metal" title="Thrash metal">Thrash metal</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crossover_thrash" title="Crossover thrash">Crossover thrash</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viking_metal" title="Viking metal">Viking metal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Musical elements</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Heavy_metal_bass" title="Heavy metal bass">Bass</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fuzz_bass" title="Fuzz bass">Fuzz bass</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heavy_metal_drumming" title="Heavy metal drumming">Drumming</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blast_beat" title="Blast beat">Blast beat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cymbal_choke" title="Cymbal choke">Cymbal choke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heavy_metal_gallop" title="Heavy metal gallop">Gallop drumbeat</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heavy_metal_guitar" title="Heavy metal guitar">Guitar</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Distortion_(music)" title="Distortion (music)">Distortion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guitar_solo" title="Guitar solo">Guitar solo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palm_mute" title="Palm mute">Palm muting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Power_chord" title="Power chord">Power chord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shred_guitar" title="Shred guitar">Shred guitar</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heavy_metal_lyrics" title="Heavy metal lyrics">Lyrics</a></li> <li>Vocals <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Death_growl" title="Death growl">Death growl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Screaming_(music)" title="Screaming (music)">Screaming</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Notable scenes and movements</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_heavy_metal" title="African heavy metal">African heavy metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argentine_heavy_metal" title="Argentine heavy metal">Argentine heavy metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australian_thrash_metal" title="Australian thrash metal">Australian thrash metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australian_heavy_metal" title="Australian heavy metal">Australian heavy metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladeshi_heavy_metal" title="Bangladeshi heavy metal">Bangladeshi heavy metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bay_Area_thrash_metal" title="Bay Area thrash metal">Bay Area thrash metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazilian_thrash_metal" title="Brazilian thrash metal">Brazilian thrash metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_heavy_metal" title="Canadian heavy metal">Canadian heavy metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_heavy_metal" title="Chinese heavy metal">Chinese heavy metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florida_death_metal" title="Florida death metal">Florida death metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_metal" title="Hungarian metal">Hungarian metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_metal_music" title="Indigenous metal music">Indigenous metal music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_metal" title="Japanese metal">Japanese metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Les_L%C3%A9gions_Noires" title="Les Légions Noires">Les Légions Noires</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_wave_of_American_heavy_metal" title="New wave of American heavy metal">New wave of American heavy metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_wave_of_British_heavy_metal" title="New wave of British heavy metal">New wave of British heavy metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Early_Norwegian_black_metal_scene" title="Early Norwegian black metal scene">Early Norwegian black metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palm_Desert_Scene" title="Palm Desert Scene">Palm Desert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swedish_death_metal" title="Swedish death metal">Swedish death metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teutonic_thrash_metal" title="Teutonic thrash metal">Teutonic thrash metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_metal" title="Ukrainian metal">Ukrainian metal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Heavy_metal_subculture" title="Heavy metal subculture">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_heavy_metal_bands" title="List of heavy metal bands">Bands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environmentalism_in_heavy_metal" class="mw-redirect" title="Environmentalism in heavy metal">Environmentalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heavy_metal_fashion" title="Heavy metal fashion">Fashion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_heavy_metal_festivals" title="List of heavy metal festivals">Festivals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Headbanging" title="Headbanging">Headbanging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heavy_metal_subculture" title="Heavy metal subculture">Heavy metal subculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poseur" title="Poseur">Poseur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metal_umlaut" title="Metal umlaut">Umlaut</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hard_rock" title="Hard rock">Hard rock</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:Heavy_metal_music" title="Category:Heavy metal music">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Funk_music" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Funk" title="Template:Funk"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Funk" title="Template talk:Funk"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Funk" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Funk"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Funk_music" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Funk" title="Funk">Funk music</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Genres</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Avant-funk" title="Avant-funk">Avant-funk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brit_funk" title="Brit funk">Brit funk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deep_funk" title="Deep funk">Deep funk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_funk" title="Free funk">Free funk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Funk_rock" title="Funk rock">Funk rock</a> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Funk metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minneapolis_sound" title="Minneapolis sound">Minneapolis sound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punk_funk" title="Punk funk">Punk funk</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Funktronica" class="mw-redirect" title="Funktronica">Funktronica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G-funk" title="G-funk">G-funk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Go-go" title="Go-go">Go-go</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jazz-funk" title="Jazz-funk">Jazz-funk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nu-funk" class="mw-redirect" title="Nu-funk">Nu-funk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psychedelic_funk" title="Psychedelic funk">Psychedelic funk</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acid_jazz" title="Acid jazz">Acid jazz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afrobeat" title="Afrobeat">Afrobeat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_funk_musicians" title="List of funk musicians">List of funk musicians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Funk_carioca" title="Funk carioca">Funk carioca</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Funk_melody" title="Funk melody">Funk melody</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Funk_ousadia" title="Funk ousadia">Funk ousadia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Funk_ostenta%C3%A7%C3%A3o" title="Funk ostentação">Funk paulista</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proibid%C3%A3o" title="Proibidão">Proibidão</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rasteirinha" title="Rasteirinha">Rasteirinha</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Funky_house" title="Funky house">Funky house</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liquid_funk" title="Liquid funk">Liquid funk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neurofunk" title="Neurofunk">Neurofunk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P-Funk" class="mw-redirect" title="P-Funk">P-Funk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-disco" title="Post-disco">Post-disco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rare_groove" title="Rare groove">Rare groove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samba_rock" title="Samba rock">Samba rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skweee" title="Skweee">Skweee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swamp_rock" title="Swamp rock">Swamp rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timba" title="Timba">Timba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zamrock" title="Zamrock">Zamrock</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    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