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<span>Background</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Background-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Analysis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Analysis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Analysis</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Analysis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul 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Available in 40 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-40" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">40 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0ksion" title="İksion – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="İksion" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%A8" title="ইক্সায়ন – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ইক্সায়ন" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Иксион – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Иксион" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iksion" title="Iksion – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Iksion" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iksion" title="Iksion – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Iksion" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ix%C3%ADon" title="Ixíon – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Ixíon" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ixi%C3%B3n" title="Ixión – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Ixión" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ixion" title="Ixion – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Ixion" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ixion_(K%C3%B6nig_der_Lapithen)" title="Ixion (König der Lapithen) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Ixion (König der Lapithen)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ixion" title="Ixion – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Ixion" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%99%CE%BE%CE%AF%CF%89%CE%BD" title="Ιξίων – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ιξίων" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ixi%C3%B3n" title="Ixión – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ixión" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iksiono" title="Iksiono – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Iksiono" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ixion" title="Ixion – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Ixion" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86" title="ایکسیون – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ایکسیون" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ixion" title="Ixion – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Ixion" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ixi%C3%B3n_(mitolox%C3%ADa)" title="Ixión (mitoloxía) – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Ixión (mitoloxía)" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%B5%EC%8B%9C%EC%98%A8" title="익시온 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="익시온" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iksion_(mitologija)" title="Iksion (mitologija) – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Iksion (mitologija)" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iksion" title="Iksion – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Iksion" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Issione" title="Issione – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Issione" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%98%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="იქსიონი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="იქსიონი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ixion" title="Ixion – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Ixion" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iksionas" title="Iksionas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Iksionas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Иксион – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Иксион" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ixion_(mythologie)" title="Ixion (mythologie) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Ixion (mythologie)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A4%E3%82%AF%E3%82%B7%E3%83%BC%E3%82%AA%E3%83%BC%E3%83%B3" title="イクシーオーン – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="イクシーオーン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iksjon" title="Iksjon – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Iksjon" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Dxion" title="Íxion – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Íxion" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Иксион – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Иксион" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ixi%C3%B3n_(kr%C3%A1%C4%BE_Lapithov)" title="Ixión (kráľ Lapithov) – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Ixión (kráľ Lapithov)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iksion" title="Iksion – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Iksion" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Иксион – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Иксион" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iksion" title="Iksion – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Iksion" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iksion" title="Iksion – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Iksion" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ixion" title="Ixion – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Ixion" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0ksion" title="İksion – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="İksion" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D0%BA%D1%81%D1%96%D0%BE%D0%BD_(%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%8F)" title="Іксіон (міфологія) – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Іксіон (міфологія)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ixion" title="Ixion – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Ixion" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E5%85%8B%E8%A5%BF%E7%BF%81" title="伊克西翁 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="伊克西翁" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> 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searchaux" style="display:none">King of the Lapiths in Greek mythology</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the planetoid, see <a href="/wiki/28978_Ixion" title="28978 Ixion">28978 Ixion</a>. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Ixion_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Ixion (disambiguation)">Ixion (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cornelis_Cornelisz._van_Haarlem_-_The_Fall_of_Ixion_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Cornelis_Cornelisz._van_Haarlem_-_The_Fall_of_Ixion_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/220px-Cornelis_Cornelisz._van_Haarlem_-_The_Fall_of_Ixion_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="282" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Cornelis_Cornelisz._van_Haarlem_-_The_Fall_of_Ixion_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/330px-Cornelis_Cornelisz._van_Haarlem_-_The_Fall_of_Ixion_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Cornelis_Cornelisz._van_Haarlem_-_The_Fall_of_Ixion_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/440px-Cornelis_Cornelisz._van_Haarlem_-_The_Fall_of_Ixion_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3852" data-file-height="4946" /></a><figcaption><i>The Fall of Ixion</i> by <a href="/wiki/Cornelis_van_Haarlem" title="Cornelis van Haarlem">Cornelis van Haarlem</a></figcaption></figure> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Greek_mythology" title="Greek mythology">Greek mythology</a>, <b>Ixion</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ɪ/: 'i' in 'kit'">ɪ</span><span title="'k' in 'kind'">k</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span><span title="/aɪ/: 'i' in 'tide'">aɪ</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span></span>/</a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key"><i title="English pronunciation respelling">ik-<span style="font-size:90%">SY</span>-ən</i></a>; <a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a>: <span lang="el">Ἰξίων</span>) was king of the <a href="/wiki/Lapiths" title="Lapiths">Lapiths</a>, the most ancient tribe of <a href="/wiki/Thessaly" title="Thessaly">Thessaly</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Family">Family</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ixion&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Family"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ixion was the son of <a href="/wiki/Ares" title="Ares">Ares</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Leonteus_(mythology)" title="Leonteus (mythology)">Leonteus</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or <a href="/wiki/Antion" title="Antion">Antion</a> and <a href="/wiki/Perimele" title="Perimele">Perimele</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or the notorious evildoer <a href="/wiki/Phlegyas" title="Phlegyas">Phlegyas</a>, whose name connotes "fiery".<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Pirithous" title="Pirithous">Pirithous</a><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was his son<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (or stepson, if <a href="/wiki/Zeus" title="Zeus">Zeus</a> were his father, as Zeus claims to Hera in <i>Iliad</i> 14).<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ixion&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ixion married <a href="/wiki/Dia_(mythology)" title="Dia (mythology)">Dia</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a daughter of <a href="/wiki/Deioneus" title="Deioneus">Deioneus</a><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (or <a href="/wiki/Deioneus" title="Deioneus">Eioneus</a>), and promised his father-in-law a valuable present. However, he did not pay the <a href="/wiki/Bride_price" title="Bride price">bride price</a>, so Deioneus stole some of Ixion's horses in retaliation. Ixion concealed his resentment and invited his father-in-law to a feast at <a href="/wiki/Larissa" title="Larissa">Larissa</a>. When Deioneus arrived, Ixion pushed him into a bed of burning coals and wood. These circumstances are secondary to the fact of Ixion's primordial act of murder; it could be accounted for quite differently: in the <i><a href="/wiki/Greek_Anthology" title="Greek Anthology">Greek Anthology</a></i>,<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> among a collection of inscriptions from a temple in <a href="/wiki/Cyzicus" title="Cyzicus">Cyzicus</a>, is an epigrammatic description of Ixion slaying <a href="/wiki/Phorbas" title="Phorbas">Phorbas</a> and <a href="/wiki/Polymelus_(mythology)" title="Polymelus (mythology)">Polymelos</a>, who had slain his mother, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Megara_(Greek_myth)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Megara (Greek myth) (page does not exist)">Megara</a>, the "great one".<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ixion went mad, defiled by his act; the neighboring princes were so offended by this act of treachery and violation of <i><a href="/wiki/Xenia_(Greek)" title="Xenia (Greek)">xenia</a></i> that they refused to perform the rituals that would cleanse Ixion of his guilt (see <i><a href="/wiki/Catharsis" title="Catharsis">catharsis</a></i>). Thereafter, Ixion lived as an outlaw and was shunned. By killing his father-in-law, Ixion was reckoned the first man guilty of kin-slaying in Greek mythology. </p><p>This act alone would warrant Ixion a terrible punishment, but <a href="/wiki/Zeus" title="Zeus">Zeus</a> took pity on Ixion and brought him to <a href="/wiki/Mount_Olympus" title="Mount Olympus">Olympus</a> and introduced him at the table of the gods. Instead of being grateful, Ixion grew lustful for <a href="/wiki/Hera" title="Hera">Hera</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Zeus's wife, a further violation of <a href="/wiki/Xenia_(Greek)" title="Xenia (Greek)">guest–host relations</a>. Zeus found out about his intentions and made a cloud in the shape of Hera, which became known as <a href="/wiki/Nephele" title="Nephele">Nephele</a> (from <i>nephos</i> "cloud") and tricked Ixion into coupling with it. From the union of Ixion and the false-Hera cloud came <a href="/wiki/Imbrus" title="Imbrus">Imbros</a><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or <a href="/wiki/Centaurus_(Greek_mythology)" title="Centaurus (Greek mythology)">Centauros</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> who mated with the <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Magnesia" title="Ancient Magnesia">Magnesian</a> mares on <a href="/wiki/Pelion" title="Pelion">Mount Pelion</a>, Pindar told,<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> engendering the race of <a href="/wiki/Centaur" title="Centaur">Centaurs</a>, who are called the Ixionidae from their descent. </p><p>Ixion was expelled from Olympus and blasted with a <a href="/wiki/Thunderbolt" title="Thunderbolt">thunderbolt</a>. Zeus ordered <a href="/wiki/Hermes" title="Hermes">Hermes</a> to bind Ixion to a <a href="/wiki/Wheel_of_fire" title="Wheel of fire">winged fiery wheel</a> that was always spinning. Therefore, Ixion was bound to a burning solar wheel for all eternity, at first spinning across the heavens,<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but in later myth transferred to <a href="/wiki/Tartarus" title="Tartarus">Tartarus</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Some versions of the myth portray Ixion as being trapped in <a href="/wiki/Greek_underworld" title="Greek underworld">Hades</a> after his death.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Only when <a href="/wiki/Orpheus" title="Orpheus">Orpheus</a> played his lyre during his trip to the Underworld to rescue <a href="/wiki/Eurydice" title="Eurydice">Eurydice</a> did it stop for a while. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pompeii_-_Casa_dei_Vettii_-_Ixion.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Punishment of Ixion: in the center is Mercury holding the caduceus and on the right Juno sits on her throne. Behind her Iris stands and gestures. On the left is Vulcan (blond figure) standing behind the wheel, manning it, with Ixion already tied to it. Nephele sits at Mercury's feet; a Roman fresco from the eastern wall of the triclinium in the House of the Vettii, Pompeii, Fourth Style (60–79 AD)."><img alt="Punishment of Ixion: in the center is Mercury holding the caduceus and on the right Juno sits on her throne. Behind her Iris stands and gestures. On the left is Vulcan (blond figure) standing behind the wheel, manning it, with Ixion already tied to it. Nephele sits at Mercury's feet; a Roman fresco from the eastern wall of the triclinium in the House of the Vettii, Pompeii, Fourth Style (60–79 AD)." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Pompeii_-_Casa_dei_Vettii_-_Ixion.jpg/183px-Pompeii_-_Casa_dei_Vettii_-_Ixion.jpg" decoding="async" width="183" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Pompeii_-_Casa_dei_Vettii_-_Ixion.jpg/275px-Pompeii_-_Casa_dei_Vettii_-_Ixion.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Pompeii_-_Casa_dei_Vettii_-_Ixion.jpg/367px-Pompeii_-_Casa_dei_Vettii_-_Ixion.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2458" data-file-height="2680" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Punishment of Ixion: in the center is <a href="/wiki/Mercury_(mythology)" title="Mercury (mythology)">Mercury</a> holding the <a href="/wiki/Caduceus" title="Caduceus">caduceus</a> and on the right <a href="/wiki/Juno_(mythology)" title="Juno (mythology)">Juno</a> sits on her throne. Behind her <a href="/wiki/Iris_(mythology)" title="Iris (mythology)">Iris</a> stands and gestures. On the left is <a href="/wiki/Vulcan_(mythology)" title="Vulcan (mythology)">Vulcan</a> (blond figure) standing behind the wheel, manning it, with Ixion already tied to it. <a href="/wiki/Nephele" title="Nephele">Nephele</a> sits at Mercury's feet; a Roman fresco from the eastern wall of the <a href="/wiki/Triclinium" title="Triclinium">triclinium</a> in the <a href="/wiki/House_of_the_Vettii" title="House of the Vettii">House of the Vettii</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pompeii" title="Pompeii">Pompeii</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pompeian_Styles" title="Pompeian Styles">Fourth Style</a> (60–79 AD).</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:JulesElieDelaunayIxionPrecipiteDansLesEnfers.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ixion by Jules-Elie Delaunay, 1876"><img alt="Ixion by Jules-Elie Delaunay, 1876" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/JulesElieDelaunayIxionPrecipiteDansLesEnfers.jpg/200px-JulesElieDelaunayIxionPrecipiteDansLesEnfers.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/JulesElieDelaunayIxionPrecipiteDansLesEnfers.jpg/300px-JulesElieDelaunayIxionPrecipiteDansLesEnfers.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/JulesElieDelaunayIxionPrecipiteDansLesEnfers.jpg/400px-JulesElieDelaunayIxionPrecipiteDansLesEnfers.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2556" data-file-height="2000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Ixion</i> by <a href="/wiki/Jules-Elie_Delaunay" class="mw-redirect" title="Jules-Elie Delaunay">Jules-Elie Delaunay</a>, 1876</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ixion_by_Jusepe_de_Ribera_(1632),_220_x_301_cm.,_Museo_del_Prado.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="José Ribera's Ixion, 1632 (Museo del Prado)."><img alt="José Ribera's Ixion, 1632 (Museo del Prado)." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Ixion_by_Jusepe_de_Ribera_%281632%29%2C_220_x_301_cm.%2C_Museo_del_Prado.jpg/200px-Ixion_by_Jusepe_de_Ribera_%281632%29%2C_220_x_301_cm.%2C_Museo_del_Prado.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="151" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Ixion_by_Jusepe_de_Ribera_%281632%29%2C_220_x_301_cm.%2C_Museo_del_Prado.jpg/300px-Ixion_by_Jusepe_de_Ribera_%281632%29%2C_220_x_301_cm.%2C_Museo_del_Prado.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Ixion_by_Jusepe_de_Ribera_%281632%29%2C_220_x_301_cm.%2C_Museo_del_Prado.jpg/400px-Ixion_by_Jusepe_de_Ribera_%281632%29%2C_220_x_301_cm.%2C_Museo_del_Prado.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2876" data-file-height="2172" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Ribera" class="mw-redirect" title="José Ribera">José Ribera</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Ixion_(Ribera)" title="Ixion (Ribera)">Ixion</a></i>, 1632 (<a href="/wiki/Museo_del_Prado" title="Museo del Prado">Museo del Prado</a>).</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Le_roi_Ixion_tromp%C3%A9_par_Junon,_qu%27il_voulait_s%C3%A9duire_(Louvre_RF_2121)_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="King Ixion fooled by Juno, whom he wanted to seduce, by Peter Paul Rubens, 1615 (Louvre Museum)"><img alt="King Ixion fooled by Juno, whom he wanted to seduce, by Peter Paul Rubens, 1615 (Louvre Museum)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Le_roi_Ixion_tromp%C3%A9_par_Junon%2C_qu%27il_voulait_s%C3%A9duire_%28Louvre_RF_2121%29_01.jpg/200px-Le_roi_Ixion_tromp%C3%A9_par_Junon%2C_qu%27il_voulait_s%C3%A9duire_%28Louvre_RF_2121%29_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Le_roi_Ixion_tromp%C3%A9_par_Junon%2C_qu%27il_voulait_s%C3%A9duire_%28Louvre_RF_2121%29_01.jpg/300px-Le_roi_Ixion_tromp%C3%A9_par_Junon%2C_qu%27il_voulait_s%C3%A9duire_%28Louvre_RF_2121%29_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Le_roi_Ixion_tromp%C3%A9_par_Junon%2C_qu%27il_voulait_s%C3%A9duire_%28Louvre_RF_2121%29_01.jpg/400px-Le_roi_Ixion_tromp%C3%A9_par_Junon%2C_qu%27il_voulait_s%C3%A9duire_%28Louvre_RF_2121%29_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2286" data-file-height="1643" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>King Ixion fooled by Juno, whom he wanted to seduce</i>, by <a href="/wiki/Peter_Paul_Rubens" title="Peter Paul Rubens">Peter Paul Rubens</a>, 1615 (<a href="/wiki/Louvre" title="Louvre">Louvre Museum</a>)</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Analysis">Analysis</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ixion&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Analysis"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Robert L. Fowler observes that "The details are very odd, the narrative motivation creaks at every juncture ... the myth smacks of <a href="/wiki/Etiology" title="Etiology">aetiology</a>."<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He notes that <a href="/wiki/Martin_P._Nilsson" title="Martin P. Nilsson">Martin Nilsson</a> suggested<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> an origin in rain-making magic, with which he concurs: "In Ixion's case the necessary warning about the conduct of magic has taken the form of blasphemous and dangerous conduct on the part of the first officiant." </p><p>In the fifth century, <a href="/wiki/Pindar" title="Pindar">Pindar</a>'s Second Pythian Ode (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 476–468 BC</span>) expands on the example of Ixion, applicable to <a href="/wiki/Hiero_I_of_Syracuse" title="Hiero I of Syracuse">Hiero I of Syracuse</a>, the tyrant of whom the poet sings. <a href="/wiki/Aeschylus" title="Aeschylus">Aeschylus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Euripides" title="Euripides">Euripides</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Timasitheos&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Timasitheos (page does not exist)">Timasitheos</a> each wrote a tragedy of Ixion though none of these accounts have survived. </p><p>Ixion was a figure also known to the <a href="/wiki/Etruscans" class="mw-redirect" title="Etruscans">Etruscans</a>, for he is depicted bound to the spoked wheel, engraved on the back of a bronze mirror, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 460–450 BC</span>, in the <a href="/wiki/British_Museum" title="British Museum">British Museum</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Whether the Etruscans shared the Ixion figure with Hellenes from early times or whether Ixion figured among those Greek myths that were adapted at later dates to fit the Etruscan world-view is unknown. The figure on the mirror-back is shown as winged, a characteristic shared with Etruscan <i><a href="/wiki/Daimon" title="Daimon">daimones</a></i> and Underworld figures rather than human heroes. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ixion&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sisyphus" title="Sisyphus">Sisyphus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wany%C5%ABd%C5%8D" title="Wanyūdō">Wanyūdō</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ixion&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Virgil" title="Virgil">Virgil</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Aeneid" title="Aeneid">Aeneid</a></i> 6.601</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Hyginus" class="mw-redirect" title="Hyginus">Hyginus</a>, <i>Fabulae</i> 62</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Diodorus_Siculus" title="Diodorus Siculus">Diodorus Siculus</a>, 4.69.3</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Strabo" title="Strabo">Strabo</a>, 9, p. 442</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Peirithoös, too slew a kinsman, which occasioned his own wandering in search of <i><a href="/wiki/Catharsis" title="Catharsis">catharsis</a></i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Diodorus Siculus, <i>Bibliotheca historica</i> 4.63.1; <a href="/wiki/Ovid" title="Ovid">Ovid</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Metamorphoses" title="Metamorphoses">Metamorphoses</a></i> 12.210; <a href="/wiki/Bibliotheca_(Pseudo-Apollodorus)" title="Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)">Apollodorus</a>, 1.8.2; Hyginus, <i>Fabulae</i> 14.2, 79 & 257</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"come, let us turn to lovemaking. For never did such desire for goddess or woman ever flood over me, taming the heart in my breast, not even when I loved Ixion's wife, who bore Peirithoös, the gods' equal in counsel..." Tactless, Zeus lists several more of his conquests to Hera.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Dia "is only another name for <a href="/wiki/Hebe_(mythology)" title="Hebe (mythology)">Hebe</a>, the daughter of Hera, and indeed was probably the name for Hera herself, as 'she who belongs to Zeus' or 'the Heavenly one'" (Kerenyi 1951:159).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Diodorus Siculus, <i>Bibliotheca historica</i> 4.69.3</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://topostext.org/work/532#3.12">3.12</a> <a href="//archive.org/details/greekanthology01pato/page/100/mode/1up" class="extiw" title="iarchive:greekanthology01pato/page/100/mode/1up">(Gk text)</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The more familiar <a href="/wiki/Megara_(mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Megara (mythology)">Megara</a> of myth is not the same figure.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">He was already wedded to her double, Dia.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Lucian" title="Lucian">Lucian</a>, <i>Dialogi Deorum</i> 9</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/John_Tzetzes" title="John Tzetzes">Tzetzes</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theoi.com/Text/TzetzesChiliades9.html#20"><i>Chiliades</i> 9.20 line 464, 469 & 477</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Apollodorus, Epitome 1.20</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Pindar, <i>Pythian Ode</i> 2</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The meticulous Pindar mentions the feathers.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Virgil, <i><a href="/wiki/Georgics" title="Georgics">Georgics</a></i> 3.39 & 4.486; Ovid, <i>Metamorphoses</i> 4.461–465 & 10.42</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kerenyi 1951:160</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>The Longman Anthology of British Literature: Volume 2A: The Romantics and Their Contemporaries</i>. United States: Pearson Education. 2006. p. 731. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-321-33394-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-321-33394-2"><bdi>0-321-33394-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Longman+Anthology+of+British+Literature%3A+Volume+2A%3A+The+Romantics+and+Their+Contemporaries&rft.place=United+States&rft.pages=731&rft.pub=Pearson+Education&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=0-321-33394-2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIxion" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Fowler, "The myth of Kephalos as aition of rain-magic (Pherekydes FrGHist 3F34)", <i>Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik</i> <b>97</b> (1993:29–42).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Nilsson, <i>The Mycenaean Origin of Greek Mythology</i> (1931) p. 135 note 19.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">BM GR 1900.6–11.3, illustrated in <a href="/wiki/Larissa_Bonfante" title="Larissa Bonfante">Larissa Bonfante</a> and <a href="/wiki/Judith_Swaddling" title="Judith Swaddling">Judith Swaddling</a>, <i>Etruscan Myths</i> (series The Legendary Past, British Museum/University of Texas), 2006, p. 29 fig. 15; "On an <a href="/wiki/Etruscan_civilization" title="Etruscan civilization">Etruscan</a> mirror, Ixion is shown spread-eagled to a firewheel, with mushroom tinder at his feet" (Graves 1960, §63.2) The wheel has been recognized as the solar wheel at least since Arthur Bernard Cook, <i>Zeus: A Study in Ancient Religion</i>, 1914, pp. 197–98, and pl. XVII, the bronze Etruscan mirror engraved with Ixion on his wheel.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ixion&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bibliotheca_(Pseudo-Apollodorus)" title="Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)">Apollodorus</a>, <i>The Library</i> with an English Translation by Sir James George Frazer, F.B.A., F.R.S. in 2 Volumes, Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1921. ISBN 0-674-99135-4. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0022">Online version at the Perseus Digital Library</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0021">Greek text available from the same website</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diodorus_Siculus" title="Diodorus Siculus">Diodorus Siculus</a>, <i>The Library of History</i> translated by <a href="/wiki/Charles_Henry_Oldfather" title="Charles Henry Oldfather">Charles Henry Oldfather</a>. Twelve volumes. <a href="/wiki/Loeb_Classical_Library" title="Loeb Classical Library">Loeb Classical Library</a>. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press; London: William Heinemann, Ltd. 1989. Vol. 3. Books 4.59–8. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Diodorus_Siculus/home.html">Online version at Bill Thayer's Web Site</a></li> <li>Diodorus Siculus, <i>Bibliotheca Historica. Vol 1–2</i>. Immanel Bekker. Ludwig Dindorf. Friedrich Vogel. in aedibus B. G. Teubneri. Leipzig. 1888–1890. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:2008.01.0540">Greek text available at the Perseus Digital Library</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaius_Julius_Hyginus" title="Gaius Julius Hyginus">Gaius Julius Hyginus</a>, <i>Fabulae from The Myths of Hyginus</i> translated and edited by Mary Grant. University of Kansas Publications in Humanistic Studies. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://topostext.org/work/206">Online version at the Topos Text Project</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Tzetzes" title="John Tzetzes">John Tzetzes</a>, <i>Book of Histories</i>, Books IX–X translated by Jonathan Alexander from the original Greek of T. Kiessling's edition of 1826. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theoi.com/Text/TzetzesChiliades1.html">Online version at theio.com</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pindar" title="Pindar">Pindar</a>, <i>Odes</i> translated by Diane Arnson Svarlien. 1990. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0162%3Abook%3DP.">Online version at the Perseus Digital Library</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucian" title="Lucian">Lucian of Samosata</a>, <i>Dialogues of the Gods</i> translated by Fowler, H W and F G. Oxford: The Clarendon Press. 1905. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theoi.com/Text/LucianDialoguesGods1.html">Online version at theoi.com</a></li> <li>Luciani Samosatensis, <i>Opera. Vol I, Karl Jacobitz</i>. in aedibus B. G. Teubneri. Leipzig. 1896. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:2008.01.0526">Greek text available at the Perseus Digital Library</a>.</li> <li>Pindar, <i>The Odes of Pindar including the Principal Fragments with an Introduction and an English Translation by Sir John Sandys, Litt.D., FBA</i>. Cambridge, MA., Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1937. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0161%3Abook%3DP.">Greek text available at the Perseus Digital Library</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virgil" title="Virgil">Publius Vergilius Maro</a>, <i>Bucolics</i>, <i>Aeneid, and Georgics of Vergil</i>. J. B. Greenough. Boston. Ginn & Co. 1900. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.02.0058">Online version at the Perseus Digital Library</a>.</li> <li>Publius Vergilius Maro, <i>Aeneid</i>. Theodore C. Williams. trans. Boston. Houghton Mifflin Co. 1910. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.02.0054%3Abook%3D1%3Acard%3D1">Online version at the Perseus Digital Library</a>.</li> <li>Publius Vergilius Maro, <i>Bucolics, Aeneid, and Georgics</i>. J. B. Greenough. Boston. Ginn & Co. 1900. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.02.0055">Latin text available at the Perseus Digital Library</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strabo" title="Strabo">Strabo</a>, <i>The Geography of Strabo</i>. Edition by H.L. Jones. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press; London: William Heinemann, Ltd. 1924. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0198%3Abook%3D6%3Achapter%3D1%3Asection%3D1">Online version at the Perseus Digital Library</a>.</li> <li>Strabo, <i>Geographica</i> edited by A. Meineke. Leipzig: Teubner. 1877. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0197">Greek text available at the Perseus Digital Library</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ixion&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Graves" title="Robert Graves">Graves, Robert</a>, (1960) [1955]. <i>The Greek Myths</i>, Section 63 <i>passim</i>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Kerenyi" class="mw-redirect" title="Karl Kerenyi">Kerenyi, Karl</a>. <i>The Gods of the Greeks</i>. London: Thames & Hudson, 1951 (pp. 158–160).</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ixion&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Ixion" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Ixion">Ixion</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://iconographic.warburg.sas.ac.uk/category/vpc-taxonomy-000307">The Warburg Institute Iconographic Database (images of Ixion)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.shakmyth.org/myth/131/ixion">Gaelle Ginestet, "Ixion" in <i>A Dictionary of Shakespeare's Classical Mythology</i> (2009–), ed. 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