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id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Indice" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Mostra/Nascondi l'indice" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Mostra/Nascondi l'indice</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Zeraim</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Vai a una voce in un'altra lingua. Disponibile in 13 lingue" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-13" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">13 lingue</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D8%B2%D8%B1%D8%B9%D9%8A%D9%85" title="سدر زرعيم - arabo" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="سدر زرعيم" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zera%C3%AFm" title="Zeraïm - catalano" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Zeraïm" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zeraim" title="Zeraim - inglese" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Zeraim" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zeraim" title="Zeraim - spagnolo" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Zeraim" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordre_Zera%C3%AFm" title="Ordre Zeraïm - francese" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Ordre Zeraïm" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%93%D7%A8_%D7%96%D7%A8%D7%A2%D7%99%D7%9D" title="סדר זרעים - ebraico" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="סדר זרעים" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebraico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zera%C3%AFem" title="Zeraïem - olandese" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Zeraïem" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="olandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seder_Zera%E2%80%98%C3%ADm" title="Seder Zera‘ím - norvegese nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Seder Zera‘ím" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvegese nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zeraim" title="Zeraim - polacco" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Zeraim" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polacco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zeraim" title="Zeraim - portoghese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Zeraim" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portoghese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BC" title="Зраим - russo" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Зраим" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zeraim" title="Zeraim - sloveno" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Zeraim" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="sloveno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%93%D7%A8_%D7%96%D7%A8%D7%A2%D7%99%D7%9D" title="סדר זרעים - yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="סדר זרעים" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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alle pagine collegate a questa [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Modifiche correlate</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zeraim&oldid=134762433" title="Collegamento permanente a questa versione di questa pagina"><span>Link permanente</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zeraim&action=info" title="Ulteriori informazioni su questa pagina"><span>Informazioni pagina</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciale:Cita&page=Zeraim&id=134762433&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informazioni su come citare questa pagina"><span>Cita questa voce</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciale:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fit.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FZeraim"><span>Ottieni URL breve</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciale:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fit.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FZeraim"><span>Scarica codice QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Stampa/esporta </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciale:Libro&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Zeraim"><span>Crea un libro</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciale:DownloadAsPdf&page=Zeraim&action=show-download-screen"><span>Scarica come PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zeraim&printable=yes" title="Versione stampabile di questa pagina [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Versione stampabile</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In altri progetti </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2270619" title="Collegamento all'elemento connesso dell'archivio dati [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Elemento Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Strumenti pagine"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aspetto"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Aspetto</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">sposta nella barra laterale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">nascondi</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Da Wikipedia, l'enciclopedia libera.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Reindirizzamento da <strong><a href="/w/index.php?title=Demai&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Demai">Demai</a></strong>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="it" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mishnah-A-Zeraim1-Vilna.pdf" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Mishnah-A-Zeraim1-Vilna.pdf/page1-220px-Mishnah-A-Zeraim1-Vilna.pdf.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="297" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Mishnah-A-Zeraim1-Vilna.pdf/page1-330px-Mishnah-A-Zeraim1-Vilna.pdf.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Mishnah-A-Zeraim1-Vilna.pdf/page1-440px-Mishnah-A-Zeraim1-Vilna.pdf.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1247" data-file-height="1681" /></a><figcaption>Frontespizio dello <i>Zeraim</i>, edizione di <a href="/wiki/Vilna" class="mw-redirect" title="Vilna">Vilna</a> (1921)</figcaption></figure> <p><i><b>Seder Zeraim</b></i> (in <a href="/wiki/Lingua_ebraica" title="Lingua ebraica">ebraico</a> <span dir="rtl" lang="he">סדר זרעים </span>‎<span style="font:bold 80% sans-serif; text-decoration:none; padding:0 .1em;"><sup><a href="/wiki/Aiuto:Ebraico" title="Aiuto:Ebraico">?</a></sup></span>, lett. "Ordine dei Semi") è il primo e più corto <i><a href="/wiki/Seder" title="Seder">Seder</a></i> ("Ordine") della <a href="/wiki/Mishnah" title="Mishnah">Mishnah</a>, una delle maggiori opere della <a href="/wiki/Legge_ebraica" class="mw-redirect" title="Legge ebraica">Legge ebraica</a>. Tale sezione della Mishnah fu scritta dai <a href="/wiki/Letteratura_rabbinica" title="Letteratura rabbinica">rabbini</a> per informare tutti gli ebrei su quello che deve essere fatto per adempiere agli obblighi <a href="/wiki/Tanakh" title="Tanakh">biblici</a> di <a href="/wiki/Preghiera_ebraica" title="Preghiera ebraica">preghiera</a> e ai comandamenti sul cibo. Chi osserva la legge ebraica è legato a molti obblighi e restrizioni in materia di alimentazione e agricoltura e deve rispettare un rigoroso programma di preghiere. </p><p>Di tutti i trattati nel Seder Zeraim, solo il Berakhot ha una corrispondente Ghemara nel <a href="/wiki/Talmud_babilonese" title="Talmud babilonese">Talmud babilonese</a>. Tuttavia molte delle <a href="/wiki/Mishnah" title="Mishnah">mishnayot</a> del Seder Zeraim sono citate nel Talmud babilonese. I Trattati del Seder Zeraim sono inclusi nel <a href="/wiki/Talmud_di_Gerusalemme" title="Talmud di Gerusalemme">Talmud di Gerusalemme</a>. </p><p><i>Zeraim</i> è suddiviso in undici Trattati: </p> <ol><li><i><a href="/wiki/Berakhot_(Talmud)" title="Berakhot (Talmud)">Berakhot</a></i> (ברכות, <i>Benedizioni</i>) tratta delle regole delle <a href="/wiki/Lista_di_preghiere_e_benedizioni_ebraiche" class="mw-redirect" title="Lista di preghiere e benedizioni ebraiche">benedizioni e preghiere</a>, particolarmente la <i><a href="/wiki/Shem%C3%A0" title="Shemà">Shemà</a></i> e la <i><a href="/wiki/Amidah" title="Amidah">Amidah</a></i>. Comprende nove capitoli.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pe%27ah" title="Pe'ah">Pe'ah</a></i> (פאה, <i>Angolo</i>) tratta dei regolamenti che riguardano il <a href="/wiki/Mitzvah" title="Mitzvah">comandamento</a> di lasciare un angolo del proprio campo ai poveri (<a href="/wiki/Levitico" title="Levitico">Levitico</a> 19:9–10, 23:22<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>; <a href="/wiki/Deuteronomio" title="Deuteronomio">Deuteronomio</a> 24:19–22<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>), e con i diritti dei poveri in generale. Otto capitoli.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Demai" class="mw-redirect" title="Demai">Demai</a></i> (דמאי, <i>Prodotto incerto</i>) esamina principalmente i vari casi dove è incerto se le donazioni sacerdotali siano state esatte dai prodotti (della terra). Non si conosce con certezza l'origine della parola <i>Demai</i>. Il trattato si concentra comunque sulle leggi relative ai prodotti agricoli, dove si sospetta che il <i>ma‘aser rishon</i> (la prima decima per il <a href="/wiki/Levita" class="mw-redirect" title="Levita">Levita</a>, il <i>terumat ma‘aser</i> e il <i>ma‘aser sheini</i> (la seconda decima) o <i>ma‘aser ani</i> (la decima per i poveri), a seconda del ciclo <a href="/wiki/Anno_sabbatico_(Bibbia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Anno sabbatico (Bibbia)">sabbatico</a> annuale ("shmita"), non siano stati separati appropriatamente, secondo i dettami biblici di <a href="/wiki/Libro_dei_Numeri" class="mw-redirect" title="Libro dei Numeri">Numeri</a> 18:24-28<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Comprende sette capitoli e ha una <a href="/wiki/Gemara" class="mw-redirect" title="Gemara">Gemara</a> solo sul <a href="/wiki/Talmud_gerosolimitano" class="mw-redirect" title="Talmud gerosolimitano">Talmud gerosolimitano</a>.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kil%27ayim" class="mw-redirect" title="Kil'ayim">Kil'ayim</a></i> (כלאים, <i>di due tipi</i>; <i>eterogeneo</i> - lett. "mescolanze" o "confusione") tratta principalmente delle regole che proibiscono le miscele in agricoltura, abbigliamento e allevamento (<a href="/wiki/Levitico" title="Levitico">Levitico</a> 19:19<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>; <a href="/wiki/Deuteronomio" title="Deuteronomio">Deuteronomio</a> 22:9–11<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>). Specificamente esamina le misture di <a href="/wiki/Semi" class="mw-redirect" title="Semi">semi</a> da piantare, gli <a href="/wiki/Innesto" title="Innesto">innesti</a>, la combinazione delle <a href="/wiki/Vitis_vinifera" title="Vitis vinifera">viti</a>, gli incroci delle razze animali, come lavorare con una pariglia o più di animali da traino di tipo diverso e la proibizione di <i>shaatnez</i> (abiti che contengono un misto di <a href="/wiki/Lino_(fibra)" title="Lino (fibra)">lino</a> e <a href="/wiki/Lana" title="Lana">lana</a>). Nove capitoli. Esiste una <a href="/wiki/Gemara" class="mw-redirect" title="Gemara">Gemara</a> del <a href="/wiki/Yerushalmi" class="mw-redirect" title="Yerushalmi">Yerushalmi</a>.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shevi%27it" class="mw-redirect" title="Shevi'it">Shevi'it</a></i> (שביעית, <i>Settimo Anno</i>) esamina i regolamenti agricoli e fiscali dell'<a href="/wiki/Anno_sabbatico_(Bibbia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Anno sabbatico (Bibbia)">Anno sabbatico</a> (<a href="/wiki/Libro_dell%27Esodo" title="Libro dell'Esodo">Esodo</a> 23:11<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, <a href="/wiki/Levitico" title="Levitico">Levitico</a> 25:1–8<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, <a href="/wiki/Deuteronomio" title="Deuteronomio">Deuteronomio</a> 15:1–11<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>). Si compone di dieci capitoli ed esamina le leggi del riposo della terra nel settimo anno, le leggi sabbatiche di <i>Shmita</i> per i prodotti della terra, e la remissione dei debiti. Tratta anche del 50º anno, noto come "Yovel", quando tutti gli schiavi devono essere liberati e tutte le terre devono esser restituite ai proprietari iniziali, dal tempo di <a href="/wiki/Giosu%C3%A8_(Bibbia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Giosuè (Bibbia)">Giosuè</a> e delle <a href="/wiki/Dodici_trib%C3%B9_di_Israele" title="Dodici tribù di Israele">Tribù</a>. Questo trattato ha numerose applicazioni tuttora in <a href="/wiki/Israele" title="Israele">Israele</a>, dove si osserva la "Shmita". L'anno sabbatico <a href="/wiki/Shemittah" title="Shemittah">shemittah</a> è stato da settembre 2007 a settembre 2008 ed il precedente nel 2000-2001.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Terumot" class="mw-redirect" title="Terumot">Terumot</a></i> (תרומות, <i>Donazioni</i>) tratta delle leggi relative alla donazione <i><a href="/wiki/Korban" title="Korban">terumah</a></i> fatta ai <a href="/wiki/Kohanim" class="mw-redirect" title="Kohanim">Kohanim</a> (sacerdoti ebraici) (<a href="/wiki/Libro_dei_Numeri" class="mw-redirect" title="Libro dei Numeri">Numeri</a> 18:8–20<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, <a href="/wiki/Deuteronomio" title="Deuteronomio">Deuteronomio</a> 18:4<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>). Undici capitoli, che esaminano due tipi di donativo: quello della <i>terumah</i> per il <a href="/wiki/Kohen" class="mw-redirect" title="Kohen">Kohen</a> che è generalmente 1/50 del proprio raccolto e quella del 10% <i>maaser</i> (decima) data al <a href="/wiki/Levita" class="mw-redirect" title="Levita">Levita</a> e che si chiama "Terumat Maaser." Le leggi del Terumah si applicano tuttora ai raccolti e prodotti coltivati nella <a href="/wiki/Terra_di_Israele" title="Terra di Israele">Terra di Israele</a>. Esiste un dibattito corrente che cerca di definire se l'obbligo di Terumot sia biblico o rabbinico.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Queste leggi vengono citate anche su <i>"<a href="/wiki/Demai" class="mw-redirect" title="Demai">Demai</a>"</i> e <i>"<a href="/wiki/Ma%27aserot" class="mw-redirect" title="Ma'aserot">Ma'aserot</a>"</i>.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ma%27aserot" class="mw-redirect" title="Ma'aserot">Ma'aserot</a></i> (מעשרות, <i>Decime</i>) o <i>Ma'aser Rishon</i> (מעשר ראשון, <i>Prima decima</i>) esamina le regole relative alla <a href="/wiki/Decima" title="Decima">decima</a> ai <a href="/wiki/Leviti" title="Leviti">Leviti</a> (<a href="/wiki/Libro_dei_Numeri" class="mw-redirect" title="Libro dei Numeri">Numeri</a> 18:21–24<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>). In cinque capitoli, discute dei tipi di prodotti imponibili di decima e le circostanze e la tempistica in base alle quali i prodotti vengono sottomessi alla decima. In tempi biblici, durante ognuno dei sei anni del ciclo produttivo, "Maaser Rishon" veniva dato ai <a href="/wiki/Leviti" title="Leviti">Leviti</a> come 10% del raccolto di una persona. "Maaser Sheni" era messo da parte nel primo, secondo, quarto e quinto anno ed è il 10% del raccolto che rimane dopo "Maaser Rishon". Era portato a Gerusalemme per esser consumato o veniva riscattato con monete sconsacrate su cibo di Gerusalemme. L'ultima categoria è "Maaser Ani", che viene dato ai poveri nel terzo e sesto anno. "Maaser Sheni" è il tema principale, insieme con le leggi della Reva'i, del seguente trattato, intitolato infatti <i>"<a href="/wiki/Ma%27aser_Sheni" class="mw-redirect" title="Ma'aser Sheni">Ma'aser Sheni</a>"</i>. "Maaser Ani" è discusso nel trattato <i>Pe‘ah</i>. Il settimo anno del ciclo è designato "Shmita" (o "Shemitta") e non venivano date decime nella <a href="/wiki/Terra_di_Israele" title="Terra di Israele">Terra di Israele</a>.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ma%27aser_Sheni" class="mw-redirect" title="Ma'aser Sheni">Ma'aser Sheni</a></i> (מעשר שני, <i>Seconda decima</i>) tratta delle regole della decima che doveva esser consumata a <a href="/wiki/Gerusalemme" title="Gerusalemme">Gerusalemme</a> (<a href="/wiki/Deuteronomio" title="Deuteronomio">Deuteronomio</a> 14:22–26<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>). All'epoca del <a href="/wiki/Tempio_di_Gerusalemme" title="Tempio di Gerusalemme">Tempio di Gerusalemme</a> la seconda decima era rappresentata dal mettere da parte un decimo di specifici prodotti agricoli del primo, secondo, quarto e quinto anno di ogni ciclo settennale col proposito di portarlo a <a href="/wiki/Gerusalemme" title="Gerusalemme">Gerusalemme</a> e consumarlo là. Cinque capitoli.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hallah_(Talmud)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hallah (Talmud)">Hallah</a></i> (חלה, <i>Impasto</i>) tratta delle leggi relative all'offerta di impasto <i><a href="/wiki/Challah" title="Challah">Challah</a></i> da offrirsi ai <a href="/wiki/Kohanim" class="mw-redirect" title="Kohanim">Kohanim</a> (<a href="/wiki/Libro_dei_Numeri" class="mw-redirect" title="Libro dei Numeri">Numeri</a> 15:18–21<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>). All'epoca del Tempio la "<a href="/wiki/Challah" title="Challah">Challah</a>" veniva separata dall'impasto del <a href="/wiki/Pane" title="Pane">pane</a> fatto delle cinque specie di grano e messa da parte per un <a href="/wiki/Kohen" class="mw-redirect" title="Kohen">Kohen</a>. Correntemente viene separata e bruciata nel forno o data agli uccelli in alcune comunità ebraiche. Prima che la Challah sia separata si recita una benedizione, la "Al Atefias Challah". La quantità messa da parte viene presa solo da prodotti di pane fatto con 1,2 chili di farina o più (senza benedizione) o 1,666 chili o più (con benedizione, secondo alcune autorità) o 2,25 chili o più (con benedizione) ed è della grandezza di una grossa oliva. Se viene usato meno della quantità prescritta, alcuni separano senza benedizione mentre altri non separano affatto. Se non viene fatta la separazione mentre si cucina, può esser fatta dopo senza benedizione. Quattro capitoli.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Orlah" class="mw-redirect" title="Orlah">Orlah</a></i> (ערלה, <i>Blocco</i> degli alberi) tratta principalmente della proibizione di usare un albero appena piantato (<a href="/wiki/Levitico" title="Levitico">Levitico</a> 19:23–25<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>). In tre capitoli, esamina le leggi che riguardano gli alberi da frutta e i frutti dei quali non possono esser consumati durante i primi tre anni della produzione. Tratta anche delle leggi "Neta Revai", secondo le quali i prodotti del quarto anno sono considerati "<a href="/wiki/Maaser_Sheni" class="mw-redirect" title="Maaser Sheni">Maaser Sheni</a>".</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bikkurim" title="Bikkurim">Bikkurim</a></i> (ביכורים, <i>Primi Frutti</i>) esamina i donativi delle "primizie" ai <a href="/wiki/Kohanim" class="mw-redirect" title="Kohanim">Kohanim</a> e al <a href="/wiki/Tempio_di_Gerusalemme" title="Tempio di Gerusalemme">Tempio</a> (<a href="/wiki/Libro_dell%27Esodo" title="Libro dell'Esodo">Esodo</a> 23:19<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>; <a href="/wiki/Deuteronomio" title="Deuteronomio">Deuteronomio</a> 26:1<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>). 3 / 4 capitoli.</li></ol> <p>In molte edizioni della Mishnah, anche nelle prime pubblicate a <a href="/wiki/Napoli" title="Napoli">Napoli</a> nel <a href="/wiki/1492" title="1492">1492</a> e a <a href="/wiki/Riva_del_Garda" title="Riva del Garda">Riva</a> nel <a href="/wiki/1559" title="1559">1559</a>, così come nella maggior parte delle edizioni del <a href="/wiki/Talmud_babilonese" title="Talmud babilonese">Talmud babilonese</a>, un quarto capitolo, che è probabilmente un <i>Baraisa</i>, è stato aggiunto al Bikkurim<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> La sequenza dei volumi di Zeraim in entrambe le edizioni (come sopra numerati) corrisponde a quella data da <a href="/wiki/Maimonide" class="mw-redirect" title="Maimonide">Maimonide</a>. </p><p>Anche se il primo volume, sulle benedizioni, non sembra opportuno che appartenga ad una sezione sull'agricoltura, il ragionamento per la sua inclusione è il seguente: nell'<a href="/wiki/Ebraismo" title="Ebraismo">ebraismo</a> una benedizione deve esser detta prima di consumar cibo o altri prodotti. Allo stesso modo, prima di studiare le leggi relative al sostentamento, è opportuno imparare le leggi delle benedizioni. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Note">Note</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zeraim&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifica la sezione Note" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zeraim&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Note"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.laparola.net/wiki.php?riferimento=Levitico19%3A9%E2%80%9310%2C+23%3A22&formato_rif=vp"><span style="font-style:italic;">Levitico 19:9–10, 23:22</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">La Parola - La Sacra Bibbia in italiano in Internet</span>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.laparola.net/wiki.php?riferimento=24%3A19%E2%80%9322&formato_rif=vp"><span style="font-style:italic;">24:19–22</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">La Parola - La Sacra Bibbia in italiano in Internet</span>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.laparola.net/wiki.php?riferimento=Numeri18%3A24-28&formato_rif=vp"><span style="font-style:italic;">Numeri 18:24-28</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">La Parola - La Sacra Bibbia in italiano in Internet</span>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.laparola.net/wiki.php?riferimento=Levitico19%3A19&formato_rif=vp"><span style="font-style:italic;">Levitico 19:19</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">La Parola - La Sacra Bibbia in italiano in Internet</span>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.laparola.net/wiki.php?riferimento=Deuteronomio22%3A9%E2%80%9311&formato_rif=vp"><span style="font-style:italic;">Deuteronomio 22:9–11</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">La Parola - La Sacra Bibbia in italiano in Internet</span>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.laparola.net/wiki.php?riferimento=Esodo23%3A11&formato_rif=vp"><span style="font-style:italic;">Esodo 23:11</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">La Parola - La Sacra Bibbia in italiano in Internet</span>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.laparola.net/wiki.php?riferimento=Levitico25%3A1%E2%80%938&formato_rif=vp"><span style="font-style:italic;">Levitico 25:1–8</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">La Parola - La Sacra Bibbia in italiano in Internet</span>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.laparola.net/wiki.php?riferimento=Deuteronomio15%3A1%E2%80%9311&formato_rif=vp"><span style="font-style:italic;">Deuteronomio 15:1–11</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">La Parola - La Sacra Bibbia in italiano in Internet</span>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.laparola.net/wiki.php?riferimento=Numeri18%3A8%E2%80%9320&formato_rif=vp"><span style="font-style:italic;">Numeri 18:8–20</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">La Parola - La Sacra Bibbia in italiano in Internet</span>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><a href="#cite_ref-10"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.laparola.net/wiki.php?riferimento=Deuteronomio18%3A4&formato_rif=vp"><span style="font-style:italic;">Deuteronomio 18:4</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">La Parola - La Sacra Bibbia in italiano in Internet</span>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><a href="#cite_ref-11"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><i>The Mishnah</i>, "ArtScroll Mishnah Series", Seder Zeraim, Trattato Terumos(a), pp. 9-10.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><a href="#cite_ref-12"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.laparola.net/wiki.php?riferimento=Numeri18%3A21%E2%80%9324&formato_rif=vp"><span style="font-style:italic;">Numeri 18:21–24</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">La Parola - La Sacra Bibbia in italiano in Internet</span>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><a href="#cite_ref-13"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.laparola.net/wiki.php?riferimento=Deuteronomio14%3A22%E2%80%9326&formato_rif=vp"><span style="font-style:italic;">Deuteronomio 14:22–26</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">La Parola - La Sacra Bibbia in italiano in Internet</span>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><a href="#cite_ref-14"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.laparola.net/wiki.php?riferimento=Numeri15%3A18%E2%80%9321&formato_rif=vp"><span style="font-style:italic;">Numeri 15:18–21</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">La Parola - La Sacra Bibbia in italiano in Internet</span>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><a href="#cite_ref-15"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.laparola.net/wiki.php?riferimento=Levitico19%3A23%E2%80%9325&formato_rif=vp"><span style="font-style:italic;">Levitico 19:23–25</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">La Parola - La Sacra Bibbia in italiano in Internet</span>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><a href="#cite_ref-16"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.laparola.net/wiki.php?riferimento=Esodo23%3A19&formato_rif=vp"><span style="font-style:italic;">Esodo 23:19</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">La Parola - La Sacra Bibbia in italiano in Internet</span>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><a href="#cite_ref-17"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.laparola.net/wiki.php?riferimento=Deuteronomio26%3A1&formato_rif=vp"><span style="font-style:italic;">Deuteronomio 26:1</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">La Parola - La Sacra Bibbia in italiano in Internet</span>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><a href="#cite_ref-18"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text">Cfr. la glossa dell'edizione talmudica di <a href="/wiki/Vilna" class="mw-redirect" title="Vilna">Vilna</a>, p. 87b.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliografia">Bibliografia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zeraim&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifica la sezione Bibliografia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zeraim&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Bibliografia"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/"><span style="font-style:italic;">Zeraim</span></a>, in <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Jewish_Encyclopedia" title="Jewish Encyclopedia">Jewish Encyclopedia</a></span>, New York, Funk & Wagnalls, 1901-1906.</cite> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Voci_correlate">Voci correlate</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zeraim&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifica la sezione Voci correlate" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zeraim&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Voci correlate"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gemara" class="mw-redirect" title="Gemara">Gemara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mishnah" title="Mishnah">Mishnah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talmud" title="Talmud">Talmud</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Collegamenti_esterni">Collegamenti esterni</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zeraim&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifica la sezione Collegamenti esterni" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zeraim&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Collegamenti esterni"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFBritannica.com" class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/Zeraim"><span style="font-style:italic;">Zeraʿim</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Enciclopedia_Britannica" title="Enciclopedia Britannica">Enciclopedia Britannica</a></span>, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2270619#P1417" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r141815314">.mw-parser-output .navbox{border:1px solid #aaa;clear:both;margin:auto;padding:2px;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox th{padding-left:1em;padding-right:1em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox>tbody>tr:first-child>th{background:#ccf;font-size:90%;width:100%;color:var(--color-base,black)}.mw-parser-output .navbox_navbar{float:left;margin:0;padding:0 10px 0 0;text-align:left;width:6em}.mw-parser-output .navbox_title{font-size:110%}.mw-parser-output .navbox_abovebelow{background:#ddf;font-size:90%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbox_group{background:#ddf;font-size:90%;padding:0 10px;white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .navbox_list{font-size:90%;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox_list a{white-space:nowrap}html:not(.vector-feature-night-mode-enabled) .mw-parser-output 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th{color:var(--color-base)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox_abovebelow,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox_group{background:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .subnavbox_group{background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox>tbody>tr:first-child>th{background:var(--background-color-interactive)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox th{color:var(--color-base)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox_abovebelow,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox_group{background:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .subnavbox_group{background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle)!important}}</style><table class="navbox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed noprint metadata" id="navbox-Tannaim"><tbody><tr><th colspan="3"><div class="navbox_navbar"><div class="noprint plainlinks" style="background-color:transparent; padding:0; font-size:xx-small; color:var(--color-base, #000000); white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Template:Tannaim" title="Template:Tannaim"><span title="Vai alla pagina del template">V</span></a> · <a href="/wiki/Discussioni_template:Tannaim" title="Discussioni template:Tannaim"><span title="Discuti del template">D</span></a> · <a class="external text" href="https://it.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Tannaim&action=edit"><span title="Modifica il template. Usa l'anteprima prima di salvare">M</span></a></div></div><span class="navbox_title"><a href="/wiki/Tannaim" title="Tannaim">Tannaim</a></span></th></tr><tr><th colspan="3" class="navbox_abovebelow"><i>Rabbini Tannaitici</i></th></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group">Ultima generazione dell'<a href="/wiki/Zugot" title="Zugot">Era Zugot</a></th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_odd"><a href="/wiki/Hillel" title="Hillel">Hillel il Vecchio</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Shammai" title="Shammai">Shammai</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Bnei_Bathyra" title="Bnei Bathyra">Bnei Bathyra</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Menahem_l%27Esseno" title="Menahem l'Esseno">Menahem</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Akabia_ben_Mahalalel" title="Akabia ben Mahalalel">Akabia ben Mahalalel</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Hananiah_ben_Hezekiah_ben_Garon" title="Hananiah ben Hezekiah ben Garon">Hananiah ben Hezekiah ben Garon</a></td><td rowspan="6" class="navbox_image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Akiba_ben_joseph.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Rabbi Akiva"><img alt="Rabbi Akiva" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Akiba_ben_joseph.jpg/65px-Akiba_ben_joseph.jpg" decoding="async" width="65" height="178" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Akiba_ben_joseph.jpg/98px-Akiba_ben_joseph.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/28/Akiba_ben_joseph.jpg 2x" data-file-width="103" data-file-height="282" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group">Prima Generazione</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_even"><a href="/wiki/Gamaliele" title="Gamaliele">Gamaliel I, il Vecchio</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Shimon_ben_Gamliel" title="Shimon ben Gamliel">Shimon ben Gamliel (I)</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Ishmael_ben_Elisha_ha-Kohen" title="Ishmael ben Elisha ha-Kohen">Ishmael ben Elisha ha-Kohen</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Jochanan_Ben_Zakkai" title="Jochanan Ben Zakkai">Jochanan Ben Zakkai</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Jonathan_ben_Uzziel" title="Jonathan ben Uzziel">Jonathan ben Uzziel</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Baba_ben_Buta" title="Baba ben Buta">Baba ben Buta</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Hanina_Ben_Dosa" title="Hanina Ben Dosa">Hanina Ben Dosa</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Hanina_Segan_ha-Kohanim" title="Hanina Segan ha-Kohanim">Hanina Segan ha-Kohanim</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Abba_Saul_ben_Batnit" title="Abba Saul ben Batnit">Abba Saul ben Batnit</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Admon" title="Admon">Admon</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Dosa_ben_Harkinas" title="Dosa ben Harkinas">Dosa ben Harkinas</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Judah_ben_Bathyra" title="Judah ben Bathyra">Judah ben Bathyra</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Eliezer_ben_Jacob_I" title="Eliezer ben Jacob I">Eliezer ben Jacob I</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Nahum_il_Medo" title="Nahum il Medo">Nahum il Medo</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group">Seconda Generazione <br /> <small>(Dalla <a href="/wiki/Assedio_di_Gerusalemme_(70)" title="Assedio di Gerusalemme (70)">Distruzione del Secondo Tempio</a> in poi)</small></th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_odd"><a href="/wiki/Gamaliel_II" title="Gamaliel II">Gamaliel II</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Joshua_ben_Hananiah" title="Joshua ben Hananiah">Joshua ben Hananiah</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Eliezer_ben_Hurcanus" title="Eliezer ben Hurcanus">Eliezer ben Hurcanus</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Eleazar_ben_Arach" title="Eleazar ben Arach">Eleazar ben Arach</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Nehunya_ben_HaKanah" title="Nehunya ben HaKanah">Nehunya ben HaKanah</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Nahum_di_Gimzo" title="Nahum di Gimzo">Nahum di Gimzo</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Abba_Hilkiah" title="Abba Hilkiah">Abba Hilkiah</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Rabbi_Zadok" title="Rabbi Zadok">Rabbi Zadok</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group">Terza Generazione</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_even"><a href="/wiki/Rabbi_Akiva" title="Rabbi Akiva">Rabbi Akiva</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Tarfon" title="Tarfon">Tarfon</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Judah_ben_Baba" title="Judah ben Baba">Judah ben Baba</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Rabbi_Ishmael" title="Rabbi Ishmael">Rabbi Ishmael</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Eleazar_ben_Azariah" title="Eleazar ben Azariah">Eleazar ben Azariah</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Jose_il_Galileo" title="Jose il Galileo">Jose il Galileo</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Eliezer_ben_Jose" title="Eliezer ben Jose">Eliezer ben Jose</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Haninah_ben_Teradion" title="Haninah ben Teradion">Haninah ben Teradion</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Eleazar_ben_Perata_I" title="Eleazar ben Perata I">Eleazar ben Perata I</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Johanan_ben_Baroka" title="Johanan ben Baroka">Johanan ben Baroka</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Simon_ben_Zoma" title="Simon ben Zoma">Simon ben Zoma</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Simeon_ben_Azzai" title="Simeon ben Azzai">Simeon ben Azzai</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Onkelos" title="Onkelos">Onkelos</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Hanina_ben_Antigonus" title="Hanina ben Antigonus">Hanina ben Antigonus</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Hanina_ben_Hakinai" title="Hanina ben Hakinai">Hanina ben Hakinai</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Yochanan_ben_Nuri" title="Yochanan ben Nuri">Yochanan ben Nuri</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Eleazar_Chisma" title="Eleazar Chisma">Eleazar Chisma</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Elisha_ben_Abuyah" title="Elisha ben Abuyah">Elisha ben Abuyah</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Rabbi_Ilai_I" title="Rabbi Ilai I">Rabbi Ilai I</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Eleazar_di_Modi%27im" title="Eleazar di Modi'im">Eleazar di Modi'im</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Halafta" title="Halafta">Halafta</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Haninah_ben_Ahi_R._Joshua" title="Haninah ben Ahi R. Joshua">Haninah ben Ahi R. Joshua</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Abtolemus" title="Abtolemus">Abtolemus</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Jose_ben_Kisma" title="Jose ben Kisma">Jose ben Kisma</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Jeshbab_lo_Scriba" title="Jeshbab lo Scriba">Jeshbab lo Scriba</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Aquila_di_Sinope" title="Aquila di Sinope">Aquila di Sinope</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Johanan_ben_Torta" title="Johanan ben Torta">Johanan ben Torta</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Eleazar_ben_Judah_di_Bartota" title="Eleazar ben Judah di Bartota">Eleazar ben Judah di Bartota</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Matteya_ben_Heresh" title="Matteya ben Heresh">Matteya ben Heresh</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Hanan_l%27Egiziano" title="Hanan l'Egiziano">Hanan l'Egiziano</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Simeon_lo_Yemenita" title="Simeon lo Yemenita">Simeon lo Yemenita</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group">Quarta Generazione</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_odd"><a href="/wiki/Shimon_ben_Gamliel_II" title="Shimon ben Gamliel II">Shimon ben Gamaliel (II)</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Yehudah_bar_Ilai" title="Yehudah bar Ilai">Yehudah bar Ilai</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Jose_ben_Halafta" title="Jose ben Halafta">Jose ben Halafta</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Rabbi_Jonathan" title="Rabbi Jonathan">Rabbi Jonathan</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Rabbi_Meir" title="Rabbi Meir">Rabbi Meir</a> (e moglie <a href="/wiki/Bruriah" title="Bruriah">Bruriah</a>)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Shimon_bar_Yohai" title="Shimon bar Yohai">Shimon bar Yohai</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Eleazar_ben_Shammua" title="Eleazar ben Shammua">Eleazar ben Shammua</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Rabbi_Nehemiah" title="Rabbi Nehemiah">Rabbi Nehemiah</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Eliezer_ben_Jacob_II" title="Eliezer ben Jacob II">Eliezer ben Jacob II</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Nathan_il_Babilonese" title="Nathan il Babilonese">Rabbi Nathan</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Joshua_ben_Karha" title="Joshua ben Karha">Joshua ben Karha</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Abba_Saul" title="Abba Saul">Abba Saul</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Yochanan_HaSandlar" title="Yochanan HaSandlar">Yochanan HaSandlar</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Phinehas_ben_Jair" title="Phinehas ben Jair">Phinehas ben Jair</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Simeon_Shezuri" title="Simeon Shezuri">Simeon Shezuri</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group">Quinta Generazione</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_even"><a href="/wiki/Giuda_il_Principe" title="Giuda il Principe">Judah I</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Huna_Kamma" title="Huna Kamma">Huna Kamma</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Jose_ben_Judah" title="Jose ben Judah">Jose ben Judah</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Ishmael_ben_Jose" title="Ishmael ben Jose">Ishmael ben Jose</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Eleazar_ben_Simeon" title="Eleazar ben Simeon">Eleazar ben Simeon</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Simeon_ben_Eleazar" title="Simeon ben Eleazar">Simeon ben Eleazar</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Eleazar_ha-Kappar" title="Eleazar ha-Kappar">Eleazar ha-Kappar</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Symmachus_ben_Joseph" title="Symmachus ben Joseph">Symmachus ben Joseph</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Issi_ben_Judah" title="Issi ben Judah">Issi ben Judah</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Bar_Kappara" title="Bar Kappara">Bar Kappara</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Jose_ben_Zimra" title="Jose ben Zimra">Jose ben Zimra</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Levi_ben_Sisi" title="Levi ben Sisi">Levi ben Sisi</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Rabbi_Bana%27ah" title="Rabbi Bana'ah">Rabbi Bana'ah</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Simeon_ben_Menasya" title="Simeon ben Menasya">Simeon ben Menasya</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Yadua_il_Babilonese" title="Yadua il Babilonese">Yadua il Babilonese</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Joshua_ben_Levi" title="Joshua ben Levi">Joshua ben Levi</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r141815314" /><table class="navbox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed noprint metadata" id="navbox-Mishnah"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2"><div class="navbox_navbar"><div class="noprint plainlinks" style="background-color:transparent; padding:0; font-size:xx-small; color:var(--color-base, #000000); white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Template:Mishnah" title="Template:Mishnah"><span title="Vai alla pagina del template">V</span></a> · <a href="/wiki/Discussioni_template:Mishnah" title="Discussioni template:Mishnah"><span title="Discuti del template">D</span></a> · <a class="external text" href="https://it.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Mishnah&action=edit"><span title="Modifica il template. Usa l'anteprima prima di salvare">M</span></a></div></div><span class="navbox_title">I sei ordini della <a href="/wiki/Mishnah" title="Mishnah">Mishnah</a></span></th></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Zeraim</a> (semi)</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_odd"><a href="/wiki/Berakhot_(Talmud)" title="Berakhot (Talmud)">Berakhot</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Pe%27ah" title="Pe'ah">Pe'ah</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Demai" class="mw-redirect" title="Demai">Demai</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Kil%27ayim" class="mw-redirect" title="Kil'ayim">Kil'ayim</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Shevi%27it" class="mw-redirect" title="Shevi'it">Shevi'it</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Terumot" class="mw-redirect" title="Terumot">Terumot</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Ma%27aserot" class="mw-redirect" title="Ma'aserot">Ma'aserot</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Ma%27aser_Sheni" class="mw-redirect" title="Ma'aser Sheni">Ma'aser Sheni</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Hallah_(Talmud)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hallah (Talmud)">Hallah</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Orlah" class="mw-redirect" title="Orlah">Orlah</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Bikkurim" title="Bikkurim">Bikkurim</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group"><a href="/wiki/Moed" title="Moed">Moed</a> (festività)</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_even"><a href="/wiki/Shabbat_(Talmud)" title="Shabbat (Talmud)">Shabbat</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Eruvin" class="mw-redirect" title="Eruvin">Eruvin</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Pesachim" class="mw-redirect" title="Pesachim">Pesachim</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Shekalim" class="mw-redirect" title="Shekalim">Shekalim</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Yoma_(Talmud)" title="Yoma (Talmud)">Yoma</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Sukkah_(Talmud)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sukkah (Talmud)">Sukkah</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Betzah" class="mw-redirect" title="Betzah">Betzah</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Rosh_Hashanah_(Talmud)" title="Rosh Hashanah (Talmud)">Rosh Hashanah</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Ta%27anit" title="Ta'anit">Ta'anit</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Megillah_(Talmud)" class="mw-redirect" title="Megillah (Talmud)">Megillah</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Mo%27ed_Katan" title="Mo'ed Katan">Mo'ed Katan</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Hagigah" class="mw-redirect" title="Hagigah">Hagigah</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group"><a href="/wiki/Nashim" title="Nashim">Nashim</a> (donne)</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_odd"><a href="/wiki/Yebamoth" class="mw-redirect" title="Yebamoth">Yebamoth</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Ketubot" class="mw-redirect" title="Ketubot">Ketubot</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Nedarim" class="mw-redirect" title="Nedarim">Nedarim</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Nazir_(Talmud)" class="mw-redirect" title="Nazir (Talmud)">Nazir</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Sotah" class="mw-redirect" title="Sotah">Sotah</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Ghittin" class="mw-redirect" title="Ghittin">Ghittin</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Kiddushin" class="mw-redirect" title="Kiddushin">Kiddushin</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group"><a href="/wiki/Nezikin" title="Nezikin">Nezikin</a> (danni)</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_even"><a href="/wiki/Bava_Kamma" title="Bava Kamma">Bava Kamma</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Bava_Metzia" title="Bava Metzia">Bava Metzia</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Bava_Batra" title="Bava Batra">Bava Batra</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Sanhedrin" title="Sanhedrin">Sinedrio</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Makkot" title="Makkot">Makkot</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Shevu%27ot" class="mw-redirect" title="Shevu'ot">Shevu'ot</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Eduyot" class="mw-redirect" title="Eduyot">Eduyot</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Avodah_Zarah" title="Avodah Zarah">Avodah Zarah</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Pirkei_Avoth" class="mw-redirect" title="Pirkei Avoth">Avot</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Horayot" class="mw-redirect" title="Horayot">Horayot</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group"><a href="/wiki/Kodashim" title="Kodashim">Kodashim</a> (santità)</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_odd"><a href="/wiki/Zevahim" class="mw-redirect" title="Zevahim">Zevahim</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Menahot" class="mw-redirect" title="Menahot">Menahot</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Hullin" class="mw-redirect" title="Hullin">Hullin</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Bekhorot" title="Bekhorot">Bekhorot</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Arakhin" class="mw-redirect" title="Arakhin">Arakhin</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Temurah" title="Temurah">Temurah</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Keritot" class="mw-redirect" title="Keritot">Keritot</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Me%27ilah" class="mw-redirect" title="Me'ilah">Me'ilah</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Tamid" class="mw-redirect" title="Tamid">Tamid</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Middot_(Talmud)" class="mw-redirect" title="Middot (Talmud)">Middot</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Kinnim" title="Kinnim">Kinnim</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group"><a href="/wiki/Tohorot" title="Tohorot">Tohorot</a> (purificazioni)</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_even"><a href="/wiki/Keilim" title="Keilim">Keilim</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Oholot" class="mw-redirect" title="Oholot">Oholot</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Nega%27im" class="mw-redirect" title="Nega'im">Nega'im</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Parah" class="mw-redirect" title="Parah">Parah</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Tohorot" title="Tohorot">Tohorot</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Mikva%27ot" class="mw-redirect" title="Mikva'ot">Mikva'ot</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Tohorot" title="Tohorot">Niddah</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Makhshirin" class="mw-redirect" title="Makhshirin">Makhshirin</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Zavim" class="mw-redirect" title="Zavim">Zavim</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Tevul_Yom" class="mw-redirect" title="Tevul Yom">Tevul Yom</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Yadayim" class="mw-redirect" title="Yadayim">Yadayim</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Uktzim" class="mw-redirect" title="Uktzim">Uktzim</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r140554510">.mw-parser-output .CdA{border:1px solid #aaa;width:100%;margin:auto;font-size:90%;padding:2px}.mw-parser-output .CdA th{background-color:#f2f2f2;font-weight:bold;width:20%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .CdA{border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .CdA th{background-color:#202122}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .CdA{border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .CdA th{background-color:#202122}}</style><table class="CdA"><tbody><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Aiuto:Controllo_di_autorit%C3%A0" title="Aiuto:Controllo di autorità">Controllo di autorità</a></th><td><a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_nazionale_di_Israele" title="Biblioteca nazionale di Israele">J9U</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr>, <abbr title="ebraico">HE</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007590395305171">987007590395305171</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="noprint" style="width:100%; padding: 3px 0; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; row-gap: 4px; column-gap: 8px; box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="flex-grow: 1"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r140555418">.mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello{width:100%;line-height:25px;border:1px solid #CCF;background-color:#F0EEFF;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello-progetto{background-color:#FAFAFA}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello{background-color:#202122;border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello-progetto{background-color:#282929}}@media 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