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administrative efficiency</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: administrative efficiency"> <meta name="keywords" content="administrative efficiency"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="administrative efficiency"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 7115</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: administrative efficiency</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6875</span> Summary of Technical Approaches to Improve Energy Efficiency in Electric Motor Drive Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Manuel%20Valencia%20Alejaandro%20Paz">Manuel Valencia Alejaandro Paz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Luz%20Nidia%20Quintero%20Jairo%20Palacios"> Luz Nidia Quintero Jairo Palacios</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In present paper a set of technical approaches to improve the energy efficiency in processes controlled by electric motor drive systems EMDS are listed and analyzed. Energy saving becomes fundamental to improve the sustainability and competitiveness of organizations all around the world; increasing costs of electricity had impulse the use of different strategies to reduce the electric power condition. A summary of these techniques is presented and evaluated in the potential for energy saving policies. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20saving" title="energy saving">energy saving</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=EMDS" title=" EMDS"> EMDS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=induction%20motor" title=" induction motor"> induction motor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20efficiency" title=" energy efficiency"> energy efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainability" title=" sustainability"> sustainability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57397/summary-of-technical-approaches-to-improve-energy-efficiency-in-electric-motor-drive-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57397.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">373</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6874</span> Analysis of the Simulation Merger and Economic Benefit of Local Farmers' Associations in Taiwan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lu%20Yung-Hsiang">Lu Yung-Hsiang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chang%20Kuming"> Chang Kuming</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dai%20Yi-Fang"> Dai Yi-Fang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Liao%20Ching-Yi"> Liao Ching-Yi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> According to Taiwan’s administrative division of future land planning may lead farmer association and service areas facing recombination or merger. Thus, merger combination and the economic benefit of the farmer association are worth to be discussed. The farmer association in the merger, which may cause some then will not be consolidated, or consolidate two, or ever more to one association. However, under what condition to merge is greatest, as one of observation of this study. In addition, research without using simulation methods and only on the credit department rather whole farmer association. Therefore, this paper will use the simulation approach, and examine both the merge of farmer association and the condition under which the benefits are the greatest. The data of this study set include 266 farmer associations in Taiwan period 2012 to 2013. Empirical results showed that the number of the farmer association optimal simulation combination is 108.After the merger from the first stage can be reduced by 60% of the farmers’ association. The cost saving effects of the post-merger is not different. The cost efficiency of the farmers’ association improved it. The economies of scale and scope would decrease by the merger. The research paper hopes the finding will benefit the future merger of the farmers’ association. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=simulation%20merger" title="simulation merger">simulation merger</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=farmer%20association" title=" farmer association"> farmer association</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=assurance%20region" title=" assurance region"> assurance region</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data%20envelopment%20analysis" title=" data envelopment analysis"> data envelopment analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42991/analysis-of-the-simulation-merger-and-economic-benefit-of-local-farmers-associations-in-taiwan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42991.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">350</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6873</span> Comparative Study of Mechanical and Physiological Gait Efficiency Following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Radwa%20E.%20Sweif">Radwa E. Sweif</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amira%20A.%20A.%20Abdallah"> Amira A. A. Abdallah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Evaluation of gait efficiency is used to examine energy consumption especially in patients with movement disorders. Hypothesis/Purpose: This study compared the physiological and mechanical measures of gait efficiency between patients with ACL reconstruction (ACLR) and healthy controls and correlated among these measures. Methods: Seventeen patients with ACLR and sixteen healthy controls with mean ± SD age 23.06±4.76 vs 24.85±6.47 years, height 173.93±6.54 vs 175.64±7.37cm, and weight 74.25±12.1 vs 76.52±10.14 kg, respectively, participated in the study. The patients were operated on six months prior to testing. They should have completed their accelerated rehabilitation program during this period. A 3D motion analysis system was used for collecting the mechanical measures (Biomechanical Efficiency Quotient (BEQ), the maximum degree of knee internal rotation during stance phase and speed of walking). The physiological measures (Physiological Cost Index (PCI) and Rate of Perceived Exertion (RPE)) were collected after performing the 6- minute walking test. Results: MANOVA showed that the maximum degree of knee internal rotation, PCI, and RPE increased and the speed decreased significantly (p<0.05) in the patients compared with the controls with no significant difference for the BEQ. Finally, there were significant (p<0.05) positive correlations between each of the PCI & RPE and each of the BEQ, speed of walking and the maximum degree of knee internal rotation in each group. Conclusion: It was concluded that there are alterations in both mechanical and physiological measures of gait efficiency in patients with ACLR after being rehabilitated, clarifying the need for performing additional endurance as well as knee stability training programs. Moreover, the positive correlations indicate that using either of the mechanical or physiological measures for evaluating gait efficiency is acceptable. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ACL%20reconstruction" title="ACL reconstruction">ACL reconstruction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanical" title=" mechanical"> mechanical</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physiological" title=" physiological"> physiological</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gait%20efficiency" title=" gait efficiency"> gait efficiency</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7837/comparative-study-of-mechanical-and-physiological-gait-efficiency-following-anterior-cruciate-ligament-reconstruction" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7837.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">438</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6872</span> High Efficiency Perovskite Solar Cells Fabricated under Ambient Conditions with Mesoporous TiO2/In2O3 Scaffold</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Apostolopoulou">A. Apostolopoulou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20Sygkridou"> D. Sygkridou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20N.%20Kalarakis"> A. N. Kalarakis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20Stathatos"> E. Stathatos</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Mesoscopic perovskite solar cells (mp-PSCs) with mesoporous bilayer were fabricated under ambient conditions. The bilayer was formed by capping the mesoporous TiO<sub>2</sub> layer with a layer of In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>. CH<sub>3</sub>NH<sub>3</sub>I<sub>3-x</sub>Cl<sub>x</sub> mixed halide perovskite was prepared through the one-step method and was used as the light absorber. The mp-PSCs with the composite TiO<sub>2</sub>/In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3 </sub>mesoporous layer exhibited optimized electrical parameters, compared with the PSCs that employed only a TiO<sub>2</sub> mesoporous layer, with a current density of 23.86 mA/cm<sup>2</sup>, open circuit voltage of 0.863 V, fill factor of 0.6 and a power conversion efficiency of 11.2%. These results indicate that the formation of a proper semiconductor capping layer over the basic TiO<sub>2</sub> mesoporous layer can facilitate the electron transfer, suppress the recombination and subsequently lead to higher charge collection efficiency. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ambient%20conditions" title="ambient conditions">ambient conditions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high%20efficiency%20solar%20cells" title=" high efficiency solar cells"> high efficiency solar cells</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mesoscopic%20perovskite%20solar%20cells" title=" mesoscopic perovskite solar cells"> mesoscopic perovskite solar cells</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TiO%E2%82%82%20%2F%20In%E2%82%82O%E2%82%83%20bilayer" title=" TiO₂ / In₂O₃ bilayer"> TiO₂ / In₂O₃ bilayer</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65019/high-efficiency-perovskite-solar-cells-fabricated-under-ambient-conditions-with-mesoporous-tio2in2o3-scaffold" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65019.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">270</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6871</span> Methodology for the Analysis of Energy Efficiency in Pneumatics Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mario%20Lupaca">Mario Lupaca</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karol%20Munoz"> Karol Munoz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Victor%20De%20Negri"> Victor De Negri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The present article presents a methodology for the improvement of the energy efficiency in pneumatic systems through the restoring of air. In this way, three techniques of expansion of a cylinder are identified: Expansion using the air of the compressor (conventional), restoring the air (efficient), and combining the air of the compressor and the restored air (hybrid). The methodology starts with the development of the GRAFCET of the system so that it can be decided whether to expand the cylinder in a conventional, efficient, or hybrid way. The methodology can be applied to any case. Finally, graphs of comparison between the three methods of expansion with certain cylinder strokes and workloads are presented, to facilitate the subsequent selection of one system or another. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energetic" title="energetic">energetic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=efficiency" title=" efficiency"> efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GRAFCET" title=" GRAFCET"> GRAFCET</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=methodology" title=" methodology"> methodology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pneumatic" title=" pneumatic "> pneumatic </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88840/methodology-for-the-analysis-of-energy-efficiency-in-pneumatics-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88840.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">311</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6870</span> The Legal Nature of Grading Decisions and the Implications for Handling of Academic Complaints in or out of Court: A Comparative Legal Analysis of Academic Litigation in Europe </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kurt%20Willems">Kurt Willems</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research examines complaints against grading in higher education institutions in four different European regions: England and Wales, Flanders, the Netherlands, and France. The aim of the research is to examine the correlation between the applicable type of complaint handling on the one hand, and selected qualities of the higher education landscape and of public law on the other hand. All selected regions report a rising number of complaints against grading decisions, not only as to internal complaint handling within the institution but also judicially if the dispute persists. Some regions deem their administrative court system appropriate to deal with grading disputes (France) or have even erected a specialty administrative court to facilitate access (Flanders, the Netherlands). However, at the same time, different types of (governmental) dispute resolution bodies have been established outside of the judicial court system (England and Wales, and to lesser extent France and the Netherlands). Those dispute procedures do not seem coincidental. Public law issues such as the underlying legal nature of the education institution and, eventually, the grading decision itself, have an impact on the way the academic complaint procedures are developed. Indeed, in most of the selected regions, contractual disputes enjoy different legal protection than administrative decisions, making the legal qualification of the relationship between student and higher education institution highly relevant. At the same time, the scope of competence of government over different types of higher education institutions; albeit direct or indirect (o.a. through financing and quality control) is relevant as well to comprehend why certain dispute handling procedures have been established for students. To answer the above questions, the doctrinal and comparative legal method is used. The normative framework is distilled from the relevant national legislative rules and their preparatory texts, the legal literature, the (published) case law of academic complaints and the available governmental reports. The research is mainly theoretical in nature, examining different topics of public law (mainly administrative law) and procedural law in the context of grading decisions. The internal appeal procedure within the education institution is largely left out of the scope of the research, as well as different types of non-governmental-imposed cooperation between education institutions, given the public law angle of the research questions. The research results in the categorization of different academic complaint systems, and an analysis of the possibility to introduce each of those systems in different countries, depending on their public law system and higher education system. By doing so, the research also adds to the debate on the public-private divide in higher education systems, and its effect on academic complaints handling. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=higher%20education" title="higher education">higher education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=legal%20qualification%20of%20education%20institution" title=" legal qualification of education institution"> legal qualification of education institution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=legal%20qualification%20of%20grading%20decisions" title=" legal qualification of grading decisions"> legal qualification of grading decisions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=legal%20protection%20of%20students" title=" legal protection of students"> legal protection of students</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=academic%20litigation" title=" academic litigation"> academic litigation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76825/the-legal-nature-of-grading-decisions-and-the-implications-for-handling-of-academic-complaints-in-or-out-of-court-a-comparative-legal-analysis-of-academic-litigation-in-europe" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76825.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">232</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6869</span> Biomass Availability Matrix: Methodology to Define High Level Biomass Availability for Bioenergy Purposes, a Quebec Case Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Camilo%20Perez%20Lee">Camilo Perez Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mark%20Lefsrud"> Mark Lefsrud</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Edris%20Madadian"> Edris Madadian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yves%20Roy"> Yves Roy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Biomass availability is one of the most important aspects to consider when determining the proper location of potential bioenergy plants. Since this aspect has a direct impact on biomass transportation and storage, biomass availability greatly influences the operational cost. Biomass availability is more than the quantity available on a specific region; other elements such as biomass accessibility and potential play an important role. Accessibility establishes if the biomass could be extracted and conveyed easily considering factors such as biomass availability, infrastructure condition and other operational issues. On the other hand, biomass potential is defined as the capacity of a specific region to scale the usage of biomass as an energy source, move from another energy source or to switch the type of biomass to increase their biomass availability in the future. This paper defines methodologies and parameters in order to determine the biomass availability within the administrative regions of the province of Quebec; firstly by defining the forestry, agricultural, municipal solid waste and energy crop biomass availability per administrative region, next its infrastructure accessibility and lastly defining the region potential. Thus, these data are processed to create a biomass availability matrix allowing to define the overall biomass availability per region and to determine the most optional candidates for bioenergy plant location. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biomass" title="biomass">biomass</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=availability" title=" availability"> availability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bioenergy" title=" bioenergy"> bioenergy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=accessibility" title=" accessibility"> accessibility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biomass%20potential" title=" biomass potential"> biomass potential</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4941/biomass-availability-matrix-methodology-to-define-high-level-biomass-availability-for-bioenergy-purposes-a-quebec-case-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4941.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">319</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6868</span> Economies of Scale of Worker's Continuing Professional Development in Selected Universities in South- South, Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jonathan%20E.%20Oghenekohwo">Jonathan E. Oghenekohwo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The return to scale constitutes a significant investment index in the determination of the quantum of resources that is deployed in investment decision on worker’s continuing professional development. Such investment decision is always predicted on the expected outcomes to the individual, institution and the society in context. Several investments in the development of human capacity on the job have been made, but the return to the scale of such seems not to have been correlated positively with the quantum of resources invested in terms of productivity and performance among workers in many universities. This paper thus found out that, despite the commitment and policy instrument to avail workers the right of continuing professional development, the multiplier effects are not evident in diligence, commitment, honesty, dedication, productivity and improved performance on the job among most administrative staff in Nigerian Universities This author, therefore concludes that, given the policy on the right of workers to get trained on-the job, the outcomes of such training must reflect on the overall performance indices, otherwise, institutions should carry out a forensic analysis of the types of continuing professional development programmes that workers participate in, whether or not, they are consistent with the vision and mission of the institutions in terms of economies of scale of workers professional development to the individual, institution and the nation in context. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=continuing" title="continuing">continuing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=professional%20development" title=" professional development"> professional development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economies%20of%20scale" title=" economies of scale"> economies of scale</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=worker%E2%80%99s%20education" title=" worker’s education"> worker’s education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=administrative%20staff" title=" administrative staff"> administrative staff</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17003/economies-of-scale-of-workers-continuing-professional-development-in-selected-universities-in-south-south-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17003.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">326</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6867</span> The Effects of Plantation Size and Internal Transport on Energy Efficiency of Biofuel Production</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Olga%20Orynycz">Olga Orynycz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andrzej%20Wasiak"> Andrzej Wasiak </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Mathematical model describing energetic efficiency (defined as a ratio of energy obtained in the form of biofuel to the sum of energy inputs necessary to facilitate production) of agricultural subsystem as a function of technological parameters was developed. Production technology is characterized by parameters of machinery, topological characteristics of the plantation as well as transportation routes inside and outside of plantation. The relationship between the energetic efficiency of agricultural and industrial subsystems is also derived. Due to the assumed large area of the individual field, the operations last for several days increasing inter-fields routes because of several returns. The total distance driven outside of the fields is, however, small as compared to the distance driven inside of the fields. This results in small energy consumption during inter-fields transport that, however, causes a substantial decrease of the energetic effectiveness of the whole system. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biofuel" title="biofuel">biofuel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energetic%20efficiency" title=" energetic efficiency"> energetic efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=EROEI" title=" EROEI"> EROEI</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mathematical%20modelling" title=" mathematical modelling"> mathematical modelling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=production%20system" title=" production system"> production system</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67289/the-effects-of-plantation-size-and-internal-transport-on-energy-efficiency-of-biofuel-production" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67289.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">346</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6866</span> Effect of Credit Use on Technical Efficiency of Cassava Farmers in Ondo State, Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adewale%20Oladapo">Adewale Oladapo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Carolyn%20A.%20Afolami"> Carolyn A. Afolami</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Agricultural production should be the major financial contributor to the Nigerian economy; however, the petroleum sector had taken the importance attached to this sector. The situation tends to be more worsening unless necessary attention is given to adequate credit supply among food crop farmers. This research analyses the effect of credit use on the technical efficiency of cassava farmers in Ondo State, Nigeria. Primary data were collected from two hundred randomly selected cassava farmers through a multistage sampling procedure in the study area. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and stochastic frontier analysis (SFA). Findings revealed that 95.0% of the farmers were male while 56.0% had no formal education and were married. The SFA showed that cassava farmer’s efficiency increased with farm size, herbicide and planting material at 5%,10% and 1% respectively but decreased with fertilizer application at 1% level while farmers’ age, education, household size, experience and access to credit increased technical inefficiency at 10%. The study concluded that cassava farmers are technically inefficient in the use of farm resources and recommended that adequate and workable agricultural policy measures that will ensure availability and efficient fertilizer distribution should be put in place to increase efficiency. Furthermore, the government should encourage youth participation in cassava production and ensure improvement in farmer’s access to credit to increase farmer’s technical efficiency. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agriculture" title="agriculture">agriculture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=access%20to%20credit" title=" access to credit"> access to credit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cassava%20farmers" title=" cassava farmers"> cassava farmers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=technical%20efficiency" title=" technical efficiency"> technical efficiency</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/135496/effect-of-credit-use-on-technical-efficiency-of-cassava-farmers-in-ondo-state-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/135496.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">183</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6865</span> Environmental Impact of Autoclaved Aerated Concrete in Modern Construction: A Case Study from the New Egyptian Administrative Capital</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Esraa%20A.%20Khalil">Esraa A. Khalil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20N.%20AbouZeid"> Mohamed N. AbouZeid</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Building materials selection is critical for the sustainability of any project. The choice of building materials has a huge impact on the built environment and cost of projects. Building materials emit huge amount of carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) due to the use of cement as a basic component in the manufacturing process and as a binder, which harms our environment. Energy consumption from buildings has increased in the last few years; a huge amount of energy is being wasted from using unsustainable building and finishing materials, as well as from the process of heating and cooling of buildings. In addition, the construction sector in Egypt is taking a good portion of the economy; however, there is a lack of awareness of buildings environmental impacts on the built environment. Using advanced building materials and different wall systems can help in reducing heat consumption, the project’s initial and long-term costs, and minimizing the environmental impacts. Red Bricks is one of the materials that are being used widely in Egypt. There are many other types of bricks such as Autoclaved Aerated Concrete (AAC); however, the use of Red Bricks is dominating the construction industry due to its affordability and availability. This research focuses on the New Egyptian Administrative Capital as a case study to investigate the potential of the influence of using different wall systems such as AAC on the project’s cost and the environment. The aim of this research is to conduct a comparative analysis between the traditional and most commonly used bricks in Egypt, which is Red Bricks, and AAC wall systems. Through an economic and environmental study, the difference between the two wall systems will be justified to encourage the utilization of uncommon techniques in the construction industry to build more affordable, energy efficient and sustainable buildings. The significance of this research is to show the potential of using AAC in the construction industry and its positive influences. The study analyzes the factors associated with choosing suitable building materials for different projects according to the need and criteria of each project and its nature without harming the environment and wasting materials that could be saved or recycled. The New Egyptian Administrative Capital is considered as the country’s new heart, where ideas regarding energy savings and environmental benefits are taken into consideration. Meaning that, Egypt is taking good steps to move towards more sustainable construction. According to the analysis and site visits, there is a potential in reducing the initial costs of buildings by 12.1% and saving energy by using different techniques up to 25%. Interviews with the mega structures project engineers and managers reveal that they are more open to introducing sustainable building materials that will help in saving the environment and moving towards green construction as well as to studying more effective techniques for energy conservation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=AAC%20blocks" title="AAC blocks">AAC blocks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=building%20material" title=" building material"> building material</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20impact" title=" environmental impact"> environmental impact</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modern%20construction" title=" modern construction"> modern construction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=new%20Egyptian%20administrative%20capital" title=" new Egyptian administrative capital"> new Egyptian administrative capital</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/106674/environmental-impact-of-autoclaved-aerated-concrete-in-modern-construction-a-case-study-from-the-new-egyptian-administrative-capital" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/106674.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">121</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6864</span> Design of a Rectifier with Enhanced Efficiency and a High-gain Antenna for Integrated and Compact-size Rectenna Circuit</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rawaa%20Maher">Rawaa Maher</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20Allam"> Ahmed Allam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Haruichi%20Kanaya"> Haruichi Kanaya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adel%20B.%20Abdelrahman"> Adel B. Abdelrahman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, a compact, high-efficiency integrated rectenna is presented to operate in the 2.45 GHz band. A comparison between two rectifier topologies is performed to verify the benefits of removing the matching network from the rectifier. A rectifier high conversion efficiency of 74.1% is achieved. To complete the rectenna system, a novel omnidirectional antenna with high gain (3.72 dB) and compact size (25 mm * 29 mm) is designed and fabricated. The same antenna is used with a reflector for raising the gain to nearly 8.3 dB. The simulation and measurement results of the antenna are in good agreement. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=internet%20of%20things" title="internet of things">internet of things</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=integrated%20rectenna" title=" integrated rectenna"> integrated rectenna</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rectenna" title=" rectenna"> rectenna</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RF%20energy%20harvesting" title=" RF energy harvesting"> RF energy harvesting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wireless%20sensor%20networks%28WSN%29" title=" wireless sensor networks(WSN)"> wireless sensor networks(WSN)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/146075/design-of-a-rectifier-with-enhanced-efficiency-and-a-high-gain-antenna-for-integrated-and-compact-size-rectenna-circuit" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/146075.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">182</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6863</span> Assessment of Energy Use and Energy Efficiency in Two Portuguese Slaughterhouses</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Feliciano">M. Feliciano</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Rodrigues"> F. Rodrigues</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Gon%C3%A7alves"> A. Gonçalves</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20M.%20R.%20C.%20A.%20Santos"> J. M. R. C. A. Santos</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20Leite"> V. Leite</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> With the objective of characterizing the profile and performance of energy use by slaughterhouses, surveys and audits were performed in two different facilities located in the northeastern region of Portugal. Energy consumption from multiple energy sources was assessed monthly, along with production and costs, for the same reference year. Gathered data was analyzed to identify and quantify the main consuming processes and to estimate energy efficiency indicators for benchmarking purposes. Main results show differences between the two slaughterhouses concerning energy sources, consumption by source and sector, and global energy efficiency. Electricity is the most used source in both slaughterhouses with a contribution of around 50%, being essentially used for meat processing and refrigeration. Natural gas, in slaughterhouse A, and pellets, in slaughterhouse B, used for heating water take the second place, with a mean contribution of about 45%. On average, a 62 kgoe/t specific energy consumption (SEC) was found, although with differences between slaughterhouses. A prominent negative correlation between SEC and carcass production was found specially in slaughterhouse A. Estimated Specific Energy Cost and Greenhouse Gases Intensity (GHGI) show mean values of about 50 €/t and 1.8 tCO2e/toe, respectively. Main results show that there is a significant margin for improving energy efficiency and therefore lowering costs in this type of non-energy intensive industries. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=meat%20industry" title="meat industry">meat industry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20intensity" title=" energy intensity"> energy intensity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20efficiency" title=" energy efficiency"> energy efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GHG%20emissions" title=" GHG emissions"> GHG emissions</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7915/assessment-of-energy-use-and-energy-efficiency-in-two-portuguese-slaughterhouses" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7915.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">374</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6862</span> The Relationship between Competency-Based Learning and Learning Efficiency of Media Communication Students at Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Somtop%20Keawchuer">Somtop Keawchuer </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research aims to study (1) the relationship between competency-based learning and learning efficiency of new media communication students at Suan Sunandha University (2) the demographic factor effect on learning efficiency of students at Suan Sunandha University. This research method will use quantitative research; data was collected by questionnaires distributed to students from new media communication in management science faculty of Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University for 1340 sample by purposive sampling method. Data was analyzed by descriptive statistic including percentage, mean, standard deviation and inferential statistic including T-test, ANOVA and Pearson correlation for hypothesis testing. The results showed that the competency-based learning in term of ability to communicate, ability to think and solve the problem, life skills and ability to use technology has a significant relationship with learning efficiency in term of the cognitive domain, psychomotor domain and affective domain at the 0.05 level and which is in harmony with the research hypotheses. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=competency-based%20learning" title="competency-based learning">competency-based learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=learning%20efficiency" title=" learning efficiency"> learning efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=new%20media%20communication%20students" title=" new media communication students"> new media communication students</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Suan%20Sunandha%20Rajabhat%20University" title=" Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University"> Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39953/the-relationship-between-competency-based-learning-and-learning-efficiency-of-media-communication-students-at-suan-sunandha-rajabhat-university" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39953.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">243</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6861</span> The Role of Transport Investment and Enhanced Railway Accessibility in Regional Efficiency Improvement in Saudi Arabia: Data Envelopment Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saleh%20Alotaibi">Saleh Alotaibi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammed%20Quddus"> Mohammed Quddus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Craig%20Morton"> Craig Morton</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jobair%20Bin%20Alam"> Jobair Bin Alam</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper explores the role of large-scale investment in transport sectors and the impact of increased railway accessibility on the efficiency of the regional economic productivity in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). There are considerable differences among the KSA regions in terms of their levels of investment and productivity due to their geographical scale and location, which in turn greatly affect their relative efficiency. The study used a non-parametric linear programming technique - Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) - to measure the regional efficiency change over time and determine the drivers of inefficiency and their scope of improvement. In addition, Window DEA analysis is carried out to compare the efficiency performance change for various time periods. Malmquist index (MI) is also analyzed to identify the sources of productivity change between two subsequent years. The analysis involves spatial and temporal panel data collected from 1999 to 2018 for the 13 regions of the country. Outcomes reveal that transport investment and improved railway accessibility, in general, have significantly contributed to regional economic development. Moreover, the endowment of the new railway stations has spill-over effects. The DEA Window analysis confirmed the dynamic improvement in the average regional efficiency over the study periods. MI showed that the technical efficiency change was the main source of regional productivity improvement. However, there is evidence of investment allocation discrepancy among regions which could limit the achievement of development goals in the long term. These relevant findings will assist the Saudi government in developing better strategic decisions for future transport investments and their allocation at the regional level. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data%20envelopment%20analysis" title="data envelopment analysis">data envelopment analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transport%20investment" title=" transport investment"> transport investment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=railway%20accessibility" title=" railway accessibility"> railway accessibility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=efficiency" title=" efficiency"> efficiency</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/145605/the-role-of-transport-investment-and-enhanced-railway-accessibility-in-regional-efficiency-improvement-in-saudi-arabia-data-envelopment-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/145605.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">149</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6860</span> Analysis of Spatiotemporal Efficiency and Fairness of Railway Passenger Transport Network Based on Space Syntax: Taking Yangtze River Delta as an Example</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lin%20Dong">Lin Dong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fei%20Shi"> Fei Shi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Based on the railway network and the principles of space syntax, the study attempts to reconstruct the spatial relationship of the passenger network connections from space and time perspective. According to the travel time data of main stations in the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration obtained by the Internet, the topological drawing of railway network under different time sections is constructed. With the comprehensive index composed of connection and integration, the accessibility and network operation efficiency of the railway network in different time periods is calculated, while the fairness of the network is analyzed by the fairness indicators constructed with the integration and location entropy from the perspective of horizontal and vertical fairness respectively. From the analysis of the efficiency and fairness of the railway passenger transport network, the study finds: (1) There is a strong regularity in regional system accessibility change; (2) The problems of efficiency and fairness are different in different time periods; (3) The improvement of efficiency will lead to the decline of horizontal fairness to a certain extent, while from the perspective of vertical fairness, the supply-demand situation has changed smoothly with time; (4) The network connection efficiency of Shanghai, Jiangsu and Zhejiang regions is higher than that of the western regions such as Anqing and Chizhou; (5) The marginalization of Nantong, Yancheng, Yangzhou, Taizhou is obvious. The study explores the application of spatial syntactic theory in regional traffic analysis, in order to provide a reference for the development of urban agglomeration transportation network. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spatial%20syntax" title="spatial syntax">spatial syntax</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20Yangtze%20River%20Delta" title=" the Yangtze River Delta"> the Yangtze River Delta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=railway%20passenger%20time" title=" railway passenger time"> railway passenger time</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=efficiency%20and%20fairness" title=" efficiency and fairness"> efficiency and fairness</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/117668/analysis-of-spatiotemporal-efficiency-and-fairness-of-railway-passenger-transport-network-based-on-space-syntax-taking-yangtze-river-delta-as-an-example" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/117668.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">136</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6859</span> Present State of Local Public Transportation Service in Local Municipalities of Japan and Its Effects on Population</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Akiko%20Kondo">Akiko Kondo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Akio%20Kondo"> Akio Kondo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We are facing regional problems to low birth rate and longevity in Japan. Under this situation, there are some local municipalities which lose their vitality. The aims of this study are to clarify the present state of local public transportation services in local municipalities and relation between local public transportation services and population quantitatively. We conducted a questionnaire survey concerning regional agenda in all local municipalities in Japan. We obtained responses concerning the present state of convenience in use of public transportation and local public transportation services. Based on the data gathered from the survey, it is apparent that we should some sort of measures concerning public transportation services. Convenience in use of public transportation becomes an object of public concern in many rural regions. It is also clarified that some local municipalities introduce a demand bus for the purpose of promotion of administrative and financial efficiency. They also introduce a demand taxi in order to secure transportation to weak people in transportation and eliminate of blank area related to public transportation services. In addition, we construct a population model which includes explanatory variables of present states of local public transportation services. From this result, we can clarify the relation between public transportation services and population quantitatively. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=public%20transportation" title="public transportation">public transportation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=local%20municipality" title=" local municipality"> local municipality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=regional%20analysis" title=" regional analysis"> regional analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=regional%20issue" title=" regional issue"> regional issue</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42853/present-state-of-local-public-transportation-service-in-local-municipalities-of-japan-and-its-effects-on-population" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42853.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">400</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6858</span> Off-Farm Work and Cost Efficiency in Staple Food Production among Small-Scale Farmers in North Central Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20E.%20Ogbanje">C. E. Ogbanje</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20A.%20N.%20D.%20Chidebelu"> S. A. N. D. Chidebelu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20J.%20Nweze"> N. J. Nweze</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study evaluated off-farm work and cost efficiency in staple food production among small-scale farmers in North Central Nigeria. Multistage sampling technique was used to select 360 respondents (participants and non-participants in off-farm work). Primary data obtained were analysed using stochastic cost frontier and test of means’ difference. Capital input was lower for participants (N2,596.58) than non-participants (N11,099.14). Gamma (γ) was statistically significant. Farm size significantly (p<0.01) increased cost outlay for participants and non-participants. Average input prices of enterprises one and two significantly (p<0.01) increased cost. Sex, household size, credit obtained, formal education, farming experience, and farm income significantly (p<0.05) reduced cost inefficiency for non-participants. Average cost efficiency was 11%. Farm capital was wasted. Participants’ substitution of capital for labour did not put them at a disadvantage. Extension agents should encourage farmers to obtain financial relief from off-farm work but not to the extent of endangering farm cost efficiency. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cost%20efficiency" title="cost efficiency">cost efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mean%20difference" title=" mean difference"> mean difference</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=North%20Central%20Nigeria" title=" North Central Nigeria"> North Central Nigeria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=off-farm%20work" title=" off-farm work"> off-farm work</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=participants%20and%20non-participants" title=" participants and non-participants"> participants and non-participants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=small-scale%20farmers" title=" small-scale farmers"> small-scale farmers</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14062/off-farm-work-and-cost-efficiency-in-staple-food-production-among-small-scale-farmers-in-north-central-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14062.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">362</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6857</span> Machine Learning Model Applied for SCM Processes to Efficiently Determine Its Impacts on the Environment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elena%20Puica">Elena Puica</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper aims to investigate the impact of Supply Chain Management (SCM) on the environment by applying a Machine Learning model while pointing out the efficiency of the technology used. The Machine Learning model was used to derive the efficiency and optimization of technology used in SCM and the environmental impact of SCM processes. The model applied is a predictive classification model and was trained firstly to determine which stage of the SCM has more outputs and secondly to demonstrate the efficiency of using advanced technology in SCM instead of recuring to traditional SCM. The outputs are the emissions generated in the environment, the consumption from different steps in the life cycle, the resulting pollutants/wastes emitted, and all the releases to air, land, and water. This manuscript presents an innovative approach to applying advanced technology in SCM and simultaneously studies the efficiency of technology and the SCM's impact on the environment. Identifying the conceptual relationships between SCM practices and their impact on the environment is a new contribution to the research. The authors can take a forward step in developing recent studies in SCM and its effects on the environment by applying technology. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=machine-learning%20model%20in%20SCM" title="machine-learning model in SCM">machine-learning model in SCM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SCM%20processes" title=" SCM processes"> SCM processes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SCM%20and%20the%20environmental%20impact" title=" SCM and the environmental impact"> SCM and the environmental impact</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=technology%20in%20SCM" title=" technology in SCM"> technology in SCM</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144697/machine-learning-model-applied-for-scm-processes-to-efficiently-determine-its-impacts-on-the-environment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144697.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">116</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6856</span> Gasification of Groundnut Shell in an Air Bubbling Fluidized Bed Gasifier</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dharminer%20Singh">Dharminer Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sanjeev%20Yadav"> Sanjeev Yadav</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pravakar%20Mohanty"> Pravakar Mohanty</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this work, gasification of groundnut shell was carried out in an air bubbling fluidized bed gasifier. Atmospheric air used as gasification agent in the gasifier. The groundnut shell used for gasification was in powder form and the locally available river sand was used as bed material. Conventional charcoal was used for heating sand bed. Two cyclones were used for proper segregation of char particles and for proper cleaning and cooling the product gas. Experiments were performed on different equivalence ratio (ER) 0.3 - 0.33 by varying feeding rate 36 - 32.8 kg/h of biomass and by keeping the air flow rate constant at bed temperature between 700 °C – 800 °C. Performance of gasifier was evaluated on the basis of different parameters such as cold gas efficiency, carbon conversion efficiency (CCE), Tar and Suspended particles matter (SPM) generation, gas yield, and Higher heating value (HHV) of gas. The optimal ER value for gasification of groundnut shell (GNS) powder in an air bubbling fluidized bed gasifier was found to be 0.31. Cold gas efficiency and CCE value at optimal ER was found to be 63.7 %, and 91 %, respectively. Concentration of Tar and SPM, HHV of gas, and gas yield at optimal ER was found to be 11.88 g/Nm3, 2.38 MJ/Nm3, and 2.01m3/kg, respectively. In the product gas, concentrations of CO, CO2, CH4 and H2 were found to be 12.94%, 13.5%, 5.74% and 13.77%, respectively. At ER 0.31, it was observed that bed temperature of gasifier was in steady state for long time at 714 °C with 5 – 10 °C fluctuation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=air%20bubbling%20fluidized%20bed%20gasifier" title="air bubbling fluidized bed gasifier">air bubbling fluidized bed gasifier</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=groundnut%20shell%20powder" title=" groundnut shell powder"> groundnut shell powder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=equivalence%20ratio%20%28ER%29" title=" equivalence ratio (ER)"> equivalence ratio (ER)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cold%20gas%20efficiency" title=" cold gas efficiency"> cold gas efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carbon%20conversion%20efficiency%20%28CCE%29" title=" carbon conversion efficiency (CCE)"> carbon conversion efficiency (CCE)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high%20heating%20value%20%28HHV%29" title=" high heating value (HHV)"> high heating value (HHV)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58374/gasification-of-groundnut-shell-in-an-air-bubbling-fluidized-bed-gasifier" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58374.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">280</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6855</span> High Efficiency Achievement by a New Heterojunction N-Zno:Al/P-Si Solar Cell </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Bouloufa">A. Bouloufa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Khaled"> F. Khaled</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Djessas"> K. Djessas</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents a new structure of solar cell based on p-type microcrystalline silicon as an absorber and n-type aluminum doped zinc oxide (ZnO:Al) transparent conductive oxide as an optical window. The ZnO:Al layer deposited by rf-magnetron sputtering at room temperature yields a low resistivity about 7,64.10-2Ω.cm and more than 85% mean optical transmittance in the VIS–NIR range, with an optical band gap of 3.3 eV. These excellent optical properties of this layer in combination with an optimal contact at the front surface result in a superior light trapping yielding to efficiencies about 20%. In order to improve efficiency, we have used a p+-µc-Si thin layer highly doped as a back surface field which minimizes significantly the impact of rear surface recombination velocity on voltage and current leading to a high efficiency of 24%. Optoelectronic parameters were determined using the current density-voltage (J-V) curve by means of a numerical simulation with Analysis of Microelectronic and Photonic Structures (AMPS-1D) device simulator. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optical%20window" title="optical window">optical window</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thin%20film" title=" thin film"> thin film</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solar%20cell" title=" solar cell"> solar cell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=efficiency" title=" efficiency"> efficiency</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14184/high-efficiency-achievement-by-a-new-heterojunction-n-znoalp-si-solar-cell" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14184.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">287</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6854</span> System-Wide Impact of Energy Efficiency in the Industry Sector: A Comparative Study between Canada and Denmark</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Baldini">M. Baldini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20K.%20Jacobsen"> H. K. Jacobsen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Jaccard"> M. Jaccard</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In light of the international efforts to comply with the Paris agreement and emission targets for future energy systems, Denmark and Canada are among the front-runner countries dealing with climate change. The experiences in the energy sector have seen both countries coping with trade-offs between investments in renewable energy technologies and energy efficiency, thus tackling the climate issue from the supply and demand side respectively. On the demand side, the industrial sector is going through a remarkable transformation, with implementation of energy efficiency measures, change of input fuel for end-use processes and forecasted electrification as main features under the spotlight. By looking at Canada and Denmark's experiences as pathfinders on the demand and supply approach to climate change, it is possible to obtain valuable experience that may be applied to other countries aiming at the same goal. This paper presents a comparative study on industrial energy efficiency between Canada and Denmark. The study focuses on technologies and system options, policy design and implementation and modelling methodologies when implementing industrial energy savings in optimization models in comparison to simulation models. The study identifies gaps and junctures in the approach towards climate change actions and, learning from each other, lessen the differences to further foster the adoption of energy efficiency measurements in the industrial sector, aiming at reducing energy consumption and, consequently, CO₂ emissions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=industrial%20energy%20efficiency" title="industrial energy efficiency">industrial energy efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=comparative%20study" title=" comparative study"> comparative study</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CO%E2%82%82%20reduction" title=" CO₂ reduction"> CO₂ reduction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20system%20modelling" title=" energy system modelling"> energy system modelling</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85124/system-wide-impact-of-energy-efficiency-in-the-industry-sector-a-comparative-study-between-canada-and-denmark" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85124.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">172</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6853</span> Achieving Competitive Advantage Through Internal Resources and Competences</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibrahim%20Alkandi">Ibrahim Alkandi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study aims at understanding how banks can utilize their resources and capabilities to achieve a competitive advantage. The resource-based approach has been applied to assess the resources and capabilities as well as how the management perceives them as sources of competitive advantages. A quantitative approach was implemented using cross-sectional data. The research population consisted of Top managers in financial companies in Saudi Arabia, and the sample comprised 79 managers. The resources were sub divided into tangible and intangible. Among the variables that will be assessed in the research include propriety rights, trademark which is the brand, communication as well as organizational culture. To achieve the objective of the research, Multivariate analysis through multiple regression was used. The research tool used is a questionnaire whose validity is also assessed. According to the results of the study, there is a significant relationship between bank’s performance and the strategic management of propriety rights, trademark, administrative and financial skills as well as bank culture. Therefore, the research assessed four aspects, among the variables in the model, in relation to the strategic performance of these banks. The aspects considered were trademark, communication, administrative and leadership style as well as the company’s culture. Hence, this paper contributes to the body of literature by providing empirical evidence of the resources influencing both banks’ market and economic performance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=competitive%20advantage" title="competitive advantage">competitive advantage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saudi%20banks" title=" Saudi banks"> Saudi banks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strategic%20management" title=" strategic management"> strategic management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RBV" title=" RBV"> RBV</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/173027/achieving-competitive-advantage-through-internal-resources-and-competences" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/173027.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">75</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6852</span> Efficiency and Reliability Analysis of SiC-Based and Si-Based DC-DC Buck Converters in Thin-Film PV Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elaid%20Bouchetob">Elaid Bouchetob</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bouchra%20Nadji"> Bouchra Nadji</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research paper compares the efficiency and reliability (R(t)) of SiC-based and Si-based DC-DC buck converters in thin layer PV systems with an AI-based MPPT controller. Using Simplorer/Simulink simulations, the study assesses their performance under varying conditions. Results show that the SiC-based converter outperforms the Si-based one in efficiency and cost-effectiveness, especially in high temperature and low irradiance conditions. It also exhibits superior reliability, particularly at high temperature and voltage. Reliability calculation (R(t)) is analyzed to assess system performance over time. The SiC-based converter demonstrates better reliability, considering factors like component failure rates and system lifetime. The research focuses on the buck converter's role in charging a Lithium battery within the PV system. By combining the SiC-based converter and AI-based MPPT controller, higher charging efficiency, improved reliability, and cost-effectiveness are achieved. The SiC-based converter proves superior under challenging conditions, emphasizing its potential for optimizing PV system charging. These findings contribute insights into the efficiency, reliability, and reliability calculation of SiC-based and Si-based converters in PV systems. SiC technology's advantages, coupled with advanced control strategies, promote efficient and sustainable energy storage using Lithium batteries. The research supports PV system design and optimization for reliable renewable energy utilization. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=efficiency" title="efficiency">efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reliability" title=" reliability"> reliability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=artificial%20intelligence" title=" artificial intelligence"> artificial intelligence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sic%20device" title=" sic device"> sic device</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thin%20layer" title=" thin layer"> thin layer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=buck%20converter" title=" buck converter"> buck converter</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/173719/efficiency-and-reliability-analysis-of-sic-based-and-si-based-dc-dc-buck-converters-in-thin-film-pv-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/173719.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">62</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6851</span> Analysis on the Building Energy Performance of a Retrofitted Residential Building with RETScreen Expert Software</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdulhameed%20Babatunde%20Owolabi">Abdulhameed Babatunde Owolabi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Benyoh%20Emmanuel%20Kigha%20Nsafon"> Benyoh Emmanuel Kigha Nsafon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jeung-Soo%20Huh"> Jeung-Soo Huh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Energy efficiency measures for residential buildings in South Korea is a national issue because most of the apartments built in the last decades were constructed without proper energy efficiency measures making the energy performance of old buildings to be very poor when compared with new buildings. However, the adoption of advanced building technologies and regulatory building codes are effective energy efficiency strategies for new construction. There is a need to retrofits the existing building using energy conservation measures (ECMs) equipment’s in order to conserve energy and reduce GHGs emissions. To achieve this, the Institute for Global Climate Change and Energy (IGCCE), Kyungpook National University (KNU), Daegu, South Korea employed RETScreen Expert software to carry out measurement and verification (M&V) analysis on an existing building in Korea by using six years gas consumption data collected from Daesung Energy Co., Ltd in order to determine the building energy performance after the introduction of ECM. Through the M&V, energy efficiency is attained, and the resident doubt was reduced. From the analysis, a total of 657 Giga Joules (GJ) of liquefied natural gas (LNG) was consumed at the rate of 0.34 GJ/day having a peak in the year 2015, which cost the occupant the sum of $10,821. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20efficiency" title="energy efficiency">energy efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=measurement%20and%20verification" title=" measurement and verification"> measurement and verification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=performance%20analysis" title=" performance analysis"> performance analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RETScreen%20experts" title=" RETScreen experts"> RETScreen experts</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/115902/analysis-on-the-building-energy-performance-of-a-retrofitted-residential-building-with-retscreen-expert-software" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/115902.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">139</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6850</span> Determination of Optimum Torque of an Internal Combustion Engine by Exergy Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Veena%20Chaudhary">Veena Chaudhary</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rakesh%20P.%20Gakkhar"> Rakesh P. Gakkhar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, energy and exergy analysis are applied to the experimental data of an internal combustion engine operating on conventional diesel cycle. The experimental data are collected using an engine unit which enables accurate measurements of fuel flow rate, combustion air flow rate, engine load, engine speed and all relevant temperatures. First and second law efficiencies are calculated for different engine speed and compared. Results indicate that the first law (energy) efficiency is maximum at 1700 rpm whereas exergy efficiency is maximum and exergy destruction is minimum at 1900 rpm. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diesel%20engine" title="diesel engine">diesel engine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=exergy%20destruction" title=" exergy destruction"> exergy destruction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=exergy%20efficiency" title=" exergy efficiency"> exergy efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=second%20law%20of%20thermodynamics" title=" second law of thermodynamics"> second law of thermodynamics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51552/determination-of-optimum-torque-of-an-internal-combustion-engine-by-exergy-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51552.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">329</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6849</span> Efficiency Enhancement of Blue OLED by Incorporating Ag Nanoplate Layers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=So-Jeong%20Kim">So-Jeong Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nak-Kwan%20Chung"> Nak-Kwan Chung</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jintae%20Kim"> Jintae Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Juyoung%20Yun"> Juyoung Yun</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The metal nanoplates are potentially used for electroluminescence enhancement of OLEDs owing to the localized surface plasmon resonance. In our study, enhanced electroluminescence in blue organic light-emitting diodes is demonstrated by incorporating silver nanoplates into poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonic acid. To have surface plasmon resonance absorption peak matching with photoluminescent (PL) peak of blue, Ag nanoplates with triangular shape are used in this study. Finally, about 30 % enhancement in electroluminescence intensity and current efficiency for blue emission devices is obtained via Ag nanoplates. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=efficiency%20enhancement" title="efficiency enhancement">efficiency enhancement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanoplate" title=" nanoplate"> nanoplate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=OLED" title=" OLED"> OLED</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surface%20plasmon%20resonance" title=" surface plasmon resonance"> surface plasmon resonance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64669/efficiency-enhancement-of-blue-oled-by-incorporating-ag-nanoplate-layers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64669.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">342</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6848</span> Budgeting Procedures and Fiscal Stance of OECD Countries in the Wake of Global Economic Crisis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yulia%20Kasperskaya">Yulia Kasperskaya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ramon%20Xifr%C3%A9"> Ramon Xifré</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Budgetary procedures are considered to be important for countries’ fiscal performance. The objective of this paper is to analyze this relationship for the OECD countries in the wake of global economic crisis taking into consideration countries’ fiscal conditions and institutional arrangements. We test whether groups of countries that are fiscally different after the crisis differ in their use of budgetary procedures including performance budgeting, transparency mechanisms and medium-term expenditure framework. For this purpose, we classify OECD countries in two groups according to the variations, in debt to GDP ratio between 2008 and 2014. We then analyze the intensity of use of budget procedures taking into account countries’ economic conditions during the crisis. Our first finding is that there is no monotonic relationship between the intensity of use of these three budgetary procedures and enhanced fiscal performance. Countries showing similar fiscal performance scored differently in terms of on budgetary procedures. We, therefore, review the budgetary frameworks and trajectories of several countries that are fiscally sound. From this qualitative analysis, we derive a set of factors that may enhance the efficiency of budgetary procedures. This suggests that a given budgetary procedure may have different effects in different countries depending on their economic and administrative settings. Our results are thus in line with those studies that reject one-size-fits-all approaches. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=budget%20procedures" title="budget procedures">budget procedures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fiscal%20performance" title=" fiscal performance"> fiscal performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=OECD" title=" OECD"> OECD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=performance%20budgeting" title=" performance budgeting"> performance budgeting</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53504/budgeting-procedures-and-fiscal-stance-of-oecd-countries-in-the-wake-of-global-economic-crisis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53504.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">239</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6847</span> Energy Efficiency in Hot Arid Climates Code Compliance and Enforcement for Residential Buildings</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Edesy">Mohamed Edesy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Carlo%20Cecere"> Carlo Cecere</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper is a part of an ongoing research that proposes energy strategies for residential buildings in hot arid climates. In Egypt, the residential sector is dominated by increase in consumption rates annually. A building energy efficiency code was introduced by the government in 2005; it indicates minimum design and application requirements for residential buildings. Submission is mandatory and should lead to about 20% energy savings with an increase in comfort levels. However, compliance is almost nonexistent, electricity is subsidized and incentives to adopt energy efficient patterns are very low. This work presents an overview of the code and analyzes the impact of its introduction on different sectors. It analyses compliance barriers and indicates challenges that stand in the way of a realistic enforcement. It proposes an action plan for immediate code enforcement, updating current code to include retrofit, and development of rating systems for buildings. This work presents a broad national plan for energy efficiency empowerment in the residential sector. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20efficiency" title="energy efficiency">energy efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=housing" title=" housing"> housing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20policies" title=" energy policies"> energy policies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=code%20enforcement" title=" code enforcement"> code enforcement</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42744/energy-efficiency-in-hot-arid-climates-code-compliance-and-enforcement-for-residential-buildings" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42744.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">347</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6846</span> Optimizing Design Parameters for Efficient Saturated Steam Production in Fire Tube Boilers: A Cost-Effective Approach</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yoftahe%20Nigussie%20Worku">Yoftahe Nigussie Worku</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research focuses on advancing fire tube boiler technology by systematically optimizing design parameters to achieve efficient saturated steam production. The main objective is to design a high-performance boiler with a production capacity of 2000kg/h at a 12-bar design pressure while minimizing costs. The methodology employs iterative analysis, utilizing relevant formulas, and considers material selection and production methods. The study successfully results in a boiler operating at 85.25% efficiency, with a fuel consumption rate of 140.37kg/hr and a heat output of 1610kW. Theoretical importance lies in balancing efficiency, safety considerations, and cost minimization. The research addresses key questions on parameter optimization, material choices, and safety-efficiency balance, contributing valuable insights to fire tube boiler design. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=safety%20consideration" title="safety consideration">safety consideration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=efficiency" title=" efficiency"> efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=production%20methods" title=" production methods"> production methods</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=material%20selection" title=" material selection"> material selection</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/181914/optimizing-design-parameters-for-efficient-saturated-steam-production-in-fire-tube-boilers-a-cost-effective-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/181914.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">66</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=administrative%20efficiency&page=8" rel="prev">&lsaquo;</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=administrative%20efficiency&page=1">1</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=administrative%20efficiency&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">...</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=administrative%20efficiency&page=6">6</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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