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class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-历史" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#历史"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>历史</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-历史-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-用法" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#用法"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>用法</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-用法-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-設計" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#設計"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>設計</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-設計-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-功能" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#功能"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>功能</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-功能-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关功能子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-功能-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Q#等編譯運行特徵：" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Q#等編譯運行特徵："> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Q#等編譯運行特徵：</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Q#等編譯運行特徵：-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-檔案以及資源" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#檔案以及資源"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>檔案以及資源</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-檔案以及資源-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-語法" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#語法"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>語法</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-語法-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关語法子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-語法-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-與C#的相似之處：" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#與C#的相似之處："> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>與C#的相似之處：</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-與C#的相似之處：-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-與F#的相似之處：" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#與F#的相似之處："> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>與F#的相似之處：</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-與F#的相似之處：-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-差異：" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#差異："> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2.1</span> <span>差異：</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-差異：-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参考文献" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参考文献"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>参考文献</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参考文献-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-外部連結" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#外部連結"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>外部連結</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-外部連結-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="目录" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Q Sharp</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。12种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-12" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">12种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q_Sharp" title="Q Sharp – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Q Sharp" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q-Sharp" title="Q-Sharp – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Q-Sharp" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q_Sharp" title="Q Sharp – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Q Sharp" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q_Sharp" title="Q Sharp – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Q Sharp" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q_Sharp" title="Q Sharp – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Q Sharp" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q_Sharp" title="Q Sharp – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="Q Sharp" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q_%EC%83%A4%ED%94%84" title="Q 샤프 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="Q 샤프" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q_Sharp" title="Q Sharp – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Q Sharp" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q_Sharp" title="Q Sharp – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Q Sharp" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q_Sharp" title="Q Sharp – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Q Sharp" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q_Sharp" title="Q Sharp – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Q Sharp" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q_Sharp" title="Q Sharp – 粤语" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="Q Sharp" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="粤语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q45322975#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空间"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Q_Sharp" title="浏览条目正文[c]" accesskey="c"><span>条目</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Q_Sharp" rel="discussion" title="关于此页面的讨论[t]" accesskey="t"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="更改语言变体" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">不转换</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-varlang-0" class="selected ca-variants-zh mw-list-item"><a href="/zh/Q_Sharp" lang="zh" hreflang="zh"><span>不转换</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-1" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hans/Q_Sharp" lang="zh-Hans" hreflang="zh-Hans"><span>简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-2" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hant/Q_Sharp" lang="zh-Hant" hreflang="zh-Hant"><span>繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-3" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-CN mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-cn/Q_Sharp" lang="zh-Hans-CN" hreflang="zh-Hans-CN"><span>大陆简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-4" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-HK mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hk/Q_Sharp" lang="zh-Hant-HK" hreflang="zh-Hant-HK"><span>香港繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-5" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-MO mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-mo/Q_Sharp" lang="zh-Hant-MO" hreflang="zh-Hant-MO"><span>澳門繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-6" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-MY mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-my/Q_Sharp" lang="zh-Hans-MY" hreflang="zh-Hans-MY"><span>大马简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-7" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-SG mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-sg/Q_Sharp" lang="zh-Hans-SG" hreflang="zh-Hans-SG"><span>新加坡简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-8" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-TW mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-tw/Q_Sharp" lang="zh-Hant-TW" hreflang="zh-Hant-TW"><span>臺灣正體</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="查看"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Q_Sharp"><span>阅读</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Q_Sharp&action=edit" title="编辑该页面[e]" accesskey="e"><span>编辑</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Q_Sharp&action=history" title="本页面的早前版本。[h]" accesskey="h"><span>查看历史</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="页面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="工具" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">工具</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">工具</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" 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div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox td div.NavHead:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox td div.NavHead:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent"><caption class="infobox-title summary">Q#</caption><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%BC%96%E7%A8%8B%E8%8C%83%E5%9E%8B" title="编程范型">编程范型</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E8%8C%83%E5%BC%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="多范式">多范式</a>：<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8F%E5%AD%90%E7%B7%A8%E7%A8%8B" title="量子編程">量子</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E5%87%BD%E6%95%B0%E5%BC%8F%E7%BC%96%E7%A8%8B" title="函数式编程">函数式</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E6%8C%87%E4%BB%A4%E5%BC%8F%E7%BC%96%E7%A8%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="指令式编程">指令式</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">設計者</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%AE%E8%BB%9F%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E9%99%A2" title="微軟研究院">微软研究院</a>（量子架构与计算组，QuArC）</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">實作者</th><td class="infobox-data organiser" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%AE%E8%BD%AF" title="微软">微软</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">发行时间</th><td class="infobox-data" style="">2017年12月11日<span class="noprint">，7年前</span><span style="display:none">（<span class="bday dtstart published updated">2017-12-11</span>）</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">当前版本</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82655520">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>99045<span style="font-size:85%">（2019年11月11日）</span><sup id="cite_ref-wikidata-417198ac34d43989ba75f011fe93e1af9253b755-v3_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wikidata-417198ac34d43989ba75f011fe93e1af9253b755-v3-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </div> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45322975#P348" title="編輯維基數據鏈接"><img alt="編輯維基數據鏈接" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%A1%9E%E5%9E%8B%E7%B3%BB%E7%B5%B1" title="類型系統">型態系統</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%99%E6%80%81%E7%B1%BB%E5%9E%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="静态类型">静态</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%B7%E9%A1%9E%E5%9E%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="強類型">强类型</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0" title="系统平台">系统平台</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E9%80%9A%E7%94%A8%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E6%9E%B6%E6%9E%84" title="通用语言架构">通用语言架构</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E4%BB%B6%E6%89%A9%E5%B1%95%E5%90%8D" title="文件扩展名">文件扩展名</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">.qs</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">網站</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/quantum">Microsoft Quantum</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://github.com/Microsoft/Quantum">GitHub</a>)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #eee;;">受影响于</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/C%E2%99%AF" title="C♯">C♯</a>, <a href="/wiki/F%E2%99%AF" title="F♯">F♯</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Q#</b>（发音为Q sharp）是一种用于表达量子算法的特定领域编程语言。<sup id="cite_ref-:1_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 它最初作为量子开发套件的一部分由<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%AE%E8%BD%AF" title="微软">微软</a>公开发布。<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="历史"><span id=".E5.8E.86.E5.8F.B2"></span>历史</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Q_Sharp&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：历史"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>在2017年9月26日的Microsoft Ignite主题演讲中，微软宣布他们将发布一种专门针对量子计算机的新编程语言。<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 2017年12月11日，微软将Q#作为量子开发套件的一部分正式发布。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="用法"><span id=".E7.94.A8.E6.B3.95"></span>用法</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Q_Sharp&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：用法"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Q#仅可作为Visual Studio的单独下载的扩展名提供。<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181123065702/https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=quantum.DevKit">Quantum开发套件</a>附带一个能够运行Q#的量子模拟器。 </p><p>为了调用量子模拟器，使用另一种<a href="/wiki/.NET%E6%A1%86%E6%9E%B6" title=".NET框架">.NET框架</a>，它为模拟器提供（经典）输入数据，并从模拟器中读取（经典）输出数据。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="設計"><span id=".E8.A8.AD.E8.A8.88"></span>設計</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Q_Sharp&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：設計"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Q#的設計目的是爲了擺脫傳統計算機語言對於暢通<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%90%E8%A8%88%E7%AE%97%E6%A9%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="電子計算機">電子計算機</a>編程模型的思維模式，轉而通過更加專注算法的方式來對量子計算機能夠擁有更爲良好的適配，而且傳統語言一般不支援對於量子位元的控制。Q#的針對目標是大量使用量子計算的應用程式的高效率開發，而不是簡單算法的固定實現。<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="功能"><span id=".E5.8A.9F.E8.83.BD"></span>功能</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Q_Sharp&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：功能"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Q#的一個主要特徵是能夠為算法創建并且能夠使用<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8F%E5%AD%90%E4%BD%8D%E5%85%83" title="量子位元">量子位元</a>，因此Q#的能力中最爲突出的就是能夠通過<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%97%E6%8E%A7%E5%8F%8D%E9%96%98" title="受控反閘">受控反閘</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E8%BE%BE%E9%A9%AC%E5%8F%98%E6%8D%A2" title="阿达马变换">阿達馬變換</a>進行<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8F%E5%AD%90%E7%BA%8F%E7%B5%90" title="量子纏結">量子纏結</a>并且引入量子位元的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A0%E5%8A%A0%E5%8E%9F%E7%90%86" title="叠加原理">叠加</a>。個別地來説，有<a href="/wiki/%E6%89%98%E4%BD%9B%E5%88%A9%E9%96%98" title="托佛利閘">托佛利閘</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A1%E5%88%A9%E7%9F%A9%E9%99%A3" title="泡利矩陣">包立矩陣</a>等，更多内容詳見<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8F%E5%AD%90%E9%96%98" title="量子閘">量子閘</a>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Q#等編譯運行特徵："><span id="Q.23.E7.AD.89.E7.B7.A8.E8.AD.AF.E9.81.8B.E8.A1.8C.E7.89.B9.E5.BE.B5.EF.BC.9A"></span>Q#等編譯運行特徵：</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Q_Sharp&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：Q#等編譯運行特徵："><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>基於抽象量子位元而不是物理量子位元；</li> <li>允許集成使用<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8F%E5%AD%90%E8%AE%A1%E7%AE%97%E6%9C%BA" title="量子计算机">量子計算</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%90%E8%A8%88%E7%AE%97%E6%A9%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="電子計算機">經典計算</a>；</li> <li>能夠表達例如<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%87%8F%E5%AD%90%E7%9B%B8%E4%BD%8D%E4%BC%B0%E8%A8%88%E7%AE%97%E6%B3%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="量子相位估計算法（页面不存在）">量子相位估計算法</a>（Quantum Phase Estimation Algorithm）、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B9%85%E5%BA%A6%E6%94%BE%E5%A4%A7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="幅度放大（页面不存在）">幅度放大</a>（Amplitude Amplification）等高階算法；</li> <li>采用操作伴隨的高階變換可被原生表達；</li> <li>可以被位圖編譯器委托的邏輯閘編輯、序列優化、輔助管理等；</li> <li>算法遵守物理法則，例如不能複製量子位元、除了模擬器調試的模擬狀態，實際物理環境下不能監視量子狀態。</li></ul> <p>最終能夠與Q#結合的硬體堆棧有望能夠將<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8F%E5%AD%90%E4%BD%8D%E5%85%83" title="量子位元">量子位元</a>實現在<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%87%8F%E5%AD%90%E6%8B%93%E6%9C%B4%E8%A8%88%E7%AE%97&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="量子拓朴計算（页面不存在）">量子拓朴計算</a>中。當前量子開發套件附帶的量子模擬器能夠在使用者機器上處理多達32個量子位元，在<a href="/wiki/Azure_Linux" title="Azure Linux">Azure</a>上可處理多達40個量子位元。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="檔案以及資源"><span id=".E6.AA.94.E6.A1.88.E4.BB.A5.E5.8F.8A.E8.B3.87.E6.BA.90"></span>檔案以及資源</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Q_Sharp&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：檔案以及資源"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>目前，可用於Q#的資源很少，但官方文檔已發佈有<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/quantum/?view=qsharp-preview">Microsoft Developer Network：Q#</a>（<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20181121232014/https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/quantum/?view=qsharp-preview">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）、<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://github.com/Microsoft/Quantum/">Microsoft Quantum Github</a>（<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20181026051344/https://github.com/Microsoft/Quantum/">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）。其中在Github上的項目也是一個大型示例項目程式的集合，其實現了各種量子算法以及調試模型。 </p><p>微軟在<a href="/wiki/Codeforces" title="Codeforces">Codeforces</a>上也主持過一場<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181119064628/https://codeforces.com/msqs2018">量子編碼競賽</a>，並在當時提供了相關材料以幫助回答部落格文章中所提到的問題，以及教程中問題的詳細解決方案。 </p><p>微軟提供了一系列的<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://github.com/Microsoft/QuantumKatas">學習練習</a>（<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20181028223120/https://github.com/Microsoft/QuantumKatas">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>），以幫助學習Q#。其中包含各種資源的鏈接以及問題的解決方案。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="語法"><span id=".E8.AA.9E.E6.B3.95"></span>語法</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Q_Sharp&action=edit&section=7" title="编辑章节：語法"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Q#在語法上與<a href="/wiki/C%E2%99%AF" title="C♯">C#</a>和<a href="/wiki/F%E2%99%AF" title="F♯">F#</a>類似，但也有一些顯著差異。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="與C#的相似之處："><span id=".E8.88.87C.23.E7.9A.84.E7.9B.B8.E4.BC.BC.E4.B9.8B.E8.99.95.EF.BC.9A"></span>與C#的相似之處：</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Q_Sharp&action=edit&section=8" title="编辑章节：與C#的相似之處："><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>使用namespace來隔離程式碼；</li> <li>所有語句均使用分號;來結尾；</li> <li>均使用大括弧{}來限定範圍；</li> <li>使用連續的雙斜綫//來添加單行注釋；</li> <li>一些基元變量數據類型相同，例如:Int、Double、String、Bool等，但是在Q#中全部使用大寫字母開頭，而在C#中使用關鍵字來聲明時為小寫字母開頭，不過在C#中使用FCL類型名稱時可以表示為大寫開頭，而且C#中的int為32位元，而Q#中為64位元<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>；</li> <li>量子比特的分配被放置在using語句塊當中；</li> <li>使用return關鍵字返回結果。</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="與F#的相似之處："><span id=".E8.88.87F.23.E7.9A.84.E7.9B.B8.E4.BC.BC.E4.B9.8B.E8.99.95.EF.BC.9A"></span>與F#的相似之處：</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Q_Sharp&action=edit&section=9" title="编辑章节：與F#的相似之處："><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>使用let或mutable來聲明變量<sup id="cite_ref-:1_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>；</li> <li>使用頭等函數模式；</li> <li>使用open關鍵字導入模塊；</li> <li>數據類型在變量名稱之後聲明；</li> <li>使用連續的兩個英文半角句號..來進行範圍運算；</li> <li>使用for..in循環；</li> <li>每個操作和函數都必須有一個返回值，沒有void類型。相對應的，使用放回一個空元組()來取代void；</li> <li>記錄數據類型的定義。</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="差異："><span id=".E5.B7.AE.E7.95.B0.EF.BC.9A"></span>差異：</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Q_Sharp&action=edit&section=10" title="编辑章节：差異："><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>使用function關鍵字聲明函數；</li> <li>使用operation關鍵字聲明在量子計算機上的作業；</li> <li>沒有多行注釋；</li> <li>使用斷言來檢查和報告錯誤，而不是擲出例外；</li> <li>文檔使用<a href="/wiki/Markdown" title="Markdown">Markdown</a>編寫，而不是基於<a href="/wiki/XML" title="XML">XML</a>的文檔標記。</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参考文献"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.80.83.E6.96.87.E7.8C.AE"></span>参考文献</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Q_Sharp&action=edit&section=11" title="编辑章节：参考文献"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-wikidata-417198ac34d43989ba75f011fe93e1af9253b755-v3-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-wikidata-417198ac34d43989ba75f011fe93e1af9253b755-v3_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://github.com/microsoft/Quantum/releases/tag/99045">Release 99045</a>. 2019年11月11日 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [2019年11月12日]</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3AQ+Sharp&rft.btitle=Release+99045&rft.date=2019-11-11&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fmicrosoft%2FQuantum%2Freleases%2Ftag%2F99045&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_2-0"><sup><b>2.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_2-1"><sup><b>2.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">QuantumWriter. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/quantum/quantum-qr-intro?view=qsharp-preview">Intent and product brand in a unique string of 43-59 chars including spaces</a>. docs.microsoft.com. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2017-12-11</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171212084339/https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/quantum/quantum-qr-intro?view=qsharp-preview">存档</a>于2017-12-12） <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到美国英语网页">（美国英语）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3AQ+Sharp&rft.atitle=Intent+and+product+brand+in+a+unique+string+of+43-59+chars+including+spaces&rft.au=QuantumWriter&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=docs.microsoft.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdocs.microsoft.com%2Fen-us%2Fquantum%2Fquantum-qr-intro%3Fview%3Dqsharp-preview&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cloudblogs.microsoft.com/quantum/2017/12/11/announcing-microsoft-quantum-development-kit/">Announcing the Microsoft Quantum Development Kit</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2017-12-11</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171211164623/https://cloudblogs.microsoft.com/quantum/2017/12/11/announcing-microsoft-quantum-development-kit/">存档</a>于2017-12-11） <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到美国英语网页">（美国英语）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3AQ+Sharp&rft.atitle=Announcing+the+Microsoft+Quantum+Development+Kit&rft.genre=article&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcloudblogs.microsoft.com%2Fquantum%2F2017%2F12%2F11%2Fannouncing-microsoft-quantum-development-kit%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cloudblogs.microsoft.com/quantum/2017/09/26/microsoft-announces-quantum-computing-programming-language/">Microsoft announces quantum computing programming language</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2017-12-14</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171214124411/https://cloudblogs.microsoft.com/quantum/2017/09/26/microsoft-announces-quantum-computing-programming-language/">存档</a>于2017-12-14） <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到美国英语网页">（美国英语）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3AQ+Sharp&rft.atitle=Microsoft+announces+quantum+computing+programming+language&rft.genre=article&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcloudblogs.microsoft.com%2Fquantum%2F2017%2F09%2F26%2Fmicrosoft-announces-quantum-computing-programming-language%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">QuantumWriter. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/quantum/quantum-installconfig?view=qsharp-preview">Setting up the Q# development environment</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2017-12-14</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171214124829/https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/quantum/quantum-installconfig?view=qsharp-preview">存档</a>于2017-12-14） <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到美国英语网页">（美国英语）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3AQ+Sharp&rft.au=QuantumWriter&rft.btitle=Setting+up+the+Q%23+development+environment&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdocs.microsoft.com%2Fen-us%2Fquantum%2Fquantum-installconfig%3Fview%3Dqsharp-preview&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/visualstudio/2018/11/15/why-do-we-need-q">Why do we need Q#?</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2018-11-23</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181123202533/https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/visualstudio/2018/11/15/why-do-we-need-q/">存档</a>于2018-11-23） <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到美国英语网页">（美国英语）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3AQ+Sharp&rft.atitle=Why+do+we+need+Q%23%3F&rft.genre=article&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fblogs.msdn.microsoft.com%2Fvisualstudio%2F2018%2F11%2F15%2Fwhy-do-we-need-q&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">QuantumWriter. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://docs.microsoft.com/en-gb/quantum/language/type-model?view=qsharp-preview">Q# type model</a>. docs.microsoft.com. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2018-11-23</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181116215803/https://docs.microsoft.com/en-gb/quantum/language/type-model?view=qsharp-preview">存档</a>于2018-11-16） <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到美国英语网页">（美国英语）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3AQ+Sharp&rft.atitle=Q%23+type+model&rft.au=QuantumWriter&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=docs.microsoft.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdocs.microsoft.com%2Fen-gb%2Fquantum%2Flanguage%2Ftype-model%3Fview%3Dqsharp-preview&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="外部連結"><span id=".E5.A4.96.E9.83.A8.E9.80.A3.E7.B5.90"></span>外部連結</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Q_Sharp&action=edit&section=12" title="编辑章节：外部連結"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/quantum/quantum-qr-intro?view=qsharp-preview">Official documentation</a>（<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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title="量子信息">量子信息</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">基礎</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8F%E5%AD%90%E8%AE%A1%E7%AE%97%E6%9C%BA" title="量子计算机">量子計算</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%AA%E6%96%87%E6%A3%AE%E4%BD%90%E6%BA%96%E5%89%87" title="迪文森佐準則">迪文森佐準則</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8F%E5%AD%90%E4%BD%8D%E5%85%83" title="量子位元">量子位元</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8F%E5%AD%90%E4%B8%89%E4%BD%8D%E5%85%83" title="量子三位元">量子三位元</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8F%E5%AD%90%E5%9B%9B%E4%BD%8D%E5%85%83" title="量子四位元">量子四位元</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8F%E5%AD%90%E7%B7%A8%E7%A8%8B" title="量子編程">量子编程</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8F%E5%AD%90%E7%B7%9A%E8%B7%AF" title="量子線路">量子線路</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8F%E5%AD%90%E8%AE%A1%E7%AE%97%E6%9C%BA" title="量子计算机">量子计算机</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8F%E5%AD%90%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF" title="量子信息">量子信息</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8F%E5%AD%90%E5%8A%A0%E5%AF%86%E9%80%9A%E4%BF%A1" title="量子加密通信">量子通訊</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8F%E5%AD%90%E9%9A%B1%E5%BD%A2%E5%82%B3%E6%85%8B" title="量子隱形傳態">量子隱形傳態</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8F%E5%AD%90%E5%AF%86%E7%A2%BC%E5%AD%B8" title="量子密碼學">量子密碼學</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%87%8F%E5%AD%90%E5%AF%86%E9%91%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="量子密鑰（页面不存在）">量子密鑰</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AF%86%E9%9B%86%E7%BC%96%E7%A0%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="密集编码（页面不存在）">密集编码</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8F%E5%AD%90%E6%BC%94%E7%AE%97%E6%B3%95" title="量子演算法">量子演算法</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9D%9C%E5%85%B6%E2%80%93%E7%B4%84%E8%96%A9%E7%AE%97%E6%B3%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="杜其–約薩算法（页面不存在）">杜其–約薩算法</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E7%BD%97%E5%BC%97%E7%AE%97%E6%B3%95" title="格罗弗算法">格羅弗算法</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8F%E5%AD%90%E5%82%85%E7%AB%8B%E8%91%89%E8%AE%8A%E6%8F%9B" title="量子傅立葉變換">量子傅立葉變換</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%80%E7%88%BE%E6%BC%94%E7%AE%97%E6%B3%95" title="秀爾演算法">秀爾演算法</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8F%E5%AD%90%E5%A4%8D%E6%9D%82%E6%80%A7%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA" title="量子复杂性理论">量子复杂性理论</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8F%E5%AD%90%E5%9C%96%E9%9D%88%E6%A9%9F" title="量子圖靈機">QTM (量子圖靈機)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BQP_(%E8%A4%87%E9%9B%9C%E5%BA%A6)" title="BQP (複雜度)">BQP</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="QMA (复杂度)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="QMA"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=QMA_(%E5%A4%8D%E6%9D%82%E5%BA%A6)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="QMA (复杂度)（页面不存在）">QMA</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/QMA" class="extiw" title="en:QMA"><span lang="en" dir="auto">QMA</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="PostBQP (复杂度)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="PostBQP"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=PostBQP_(%E5%A4%8D%E6%9D%82%E5%BA%A6)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="PostBQP (复杂度)（页面不存在）">PostBQP</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PostBQP" class="extiw" title="en:PostBQP"><span lang="en" dir="auto">PostBQP</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="EQP (复杂度)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="EQP"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=EQP_(%E5%A4%8D%E6%9D%82%E5%BA%A6)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="EQP (复杂度)（页面不存在）">EQP</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EQP" class="extiw" title="en:EQP"><span lang="en" dir="auto">EQP</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">其他</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8F%E5%AD%90%E9%80%80%E7%9B%B8%E5%B9%B2" title="量子退相干">量子退相干</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8F%E5%AD%90%E7%BA%A0%E7%BC%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="量子纠缠">量子纠缠</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%92%B0%E5%A2%83%E8%AA%98%E5%B0%8E%E8%B6%85%E9%81%B8%E6%93%87" title="環境誘導超選擇">環境誘導超選擇</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8F%E5%AD%90%E7%B3%BE%E9%8C%AF" title="量子糾錯">量子糾錯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8F%E5%AD%90%E9%9A%A8%E6%A9%9F%E6%BC%AB%E6%AD%A5" title="量子隨機漫步">量子隨機漫步</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px;background: #ddf;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Portal:%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="Portal:物理学">Portal:物理学</a></b><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="共享资源页面"><img alt="共享资源页面" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, 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href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Common_Language_Infrastructure" title="Template:Common Language Infrastructure"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Common_Language_Infrastructure&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:Common Language Infrastructure（页面不存在）"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:Common_Language_Infrastructure" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:Common Language Infrastructure"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="通用语言架构_CLI" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E9%80%9A%E7%94%A8%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E6%9E%B6%E6%9E%84" title="通用语言架构">通用语言架构</a> CLI</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">架构</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Application domain" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Application domain"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Application_domain&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Application domain（页面不存在）">Application domain</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Application_domain" class="extiw" title="en:Application domain"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Application domain</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Code Access Security" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Code Access Security"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Code_Access_Security&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Code Access Security（页面不存在）">Code Access Security</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code_Access_Security" class="extiw" title="en:Code Access Security"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Code Access Security</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_Intermediate_Language" class="mw-redirect" title="Common Intermediate Language">Common Intermediate Language</a> (CIL) <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="CIL指令" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="List of CIL instructions"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=CIL%E6%8C%87%E4%BB%A4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CIL指令（页面不存在）">CIL指令</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_CIL_instructions" class="extiw" title="en:List of CIL instructions"><span lang="en" dir="auto">List of CIL instructions</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_Type_System" class="mw-redirect" title="Common Type System">Common Type System</a> (CTS)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0%E5%8F%AB%E7%94%A8%E6%9C%8D%E5%8B%99" title="平台叫用服務">Platform Invocation Services</a> (P/Invoke)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virtual_Execution_System" class="mw-redirect" title="Virtual Execution System">Virtual Execution System</a> (VES)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Components</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A8%8B%E5%BA%8F%E9%9B%86_(CLI)" title="程序集 (CLI)">程序集</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delegate_(CLI)" title="Delegate (CLI)">Delegate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A8%E5%B1%80%E7%A8%8B%E5%BA%8F%E9%9B%86%E7%BC%93%E5%AD%98" title="全局程序集缓存">全局程序集缓存</a> (GAC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A8%8B%E5%BA%8F%E9%9B%86%E6%B8%85%E5%8D%95" title="程序集清单">Manifest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE_(CLI)" title="元数据 (CLI)">Metadata</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80%E7%B1%BB%E5%BA%93" title="基础类库">基础类库</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80%E7%B1%BB%E5%BA%93#Kernel_Profile" title="基础类库">Kernel Profile</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80%E7%B1%BB%E5%BA%93#Base_Class_Library" title="基础类库">Base Class Library</a> (BCL)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80%E7%B1%BB%E5%BA%93#Runtime_Infrastructure_Library" title="基础类库">Runtime Infrastructure Library</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80%E7%B1%BB%E5%BA%93#Compact_Profile" title="基础类库">Compact Profile</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80%E7%B1%BB%E5%BA%93#Network_Library" title="基础类库">Network Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80%E7%B1%BB%E5%BA%93#Reflection_Library" title="基础类库">Reflection Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80%E7%B1%BB%E5%BA%93#XML_Library" title="基础类库">XML Library</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80%E7%B1%BB%E5%BA%93#Extended_Array_Library" title="基础类库">Extended Array Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80%E7%B1%BB%E5%BA%93#Extended_Numerics_Library" title="基础类库">Extended Numerics Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80%E7%B1%BB%E5%BA%93#Parallel_Library" title="基础类库">Parallel Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80%E7%B1%BB%E5%BA%93#Vararg_Library" title="基础类库">Vararg Library</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">实现</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Microsoft</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/.NET%E6%A1%86%E6%9E%B6" title=".NET框架">.NET框架</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/.NET_Compact_Framework" title=".NET Compact Framework">.NET Compact Framework</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/.NET_Micro_Framework" title=".NET Micro Framework">.NET Micro Framework</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Shared Source Common Language Infrastructure" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Shared Source Common Language Infrastructure"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shared_Source_Common_Language_Infrastructure&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shared Source Common Language Infrastructure（页面不存在）">Shared Source Common Language Infrastructure</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shared_Source_Common_Language_Infrastructure" class="extiw" title="en:Shared Source Common Language Infrastructure"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Shared Source Common Language Infrastructure</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">其他</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/.NET_Core" class="mw-redirect" title=".NET Core">.NET Core</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mono_(software)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mono (software)">Mono</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mono_(software)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mono (software)">Xamarin.iOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mono_(software)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mono (software)">Xamarin.Android</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mono_(software)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mono (software)">Xamarin.Mac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DotGNU" title="DotGNU">Portable.NET (DotGNU)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="CLI语言列表" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="List of CLI languages"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=CLI%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CLI语言列表（页面不存在）">CLI语言列表</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_CLI_languages" class="extiw" title="en:List of CLI languages"><span lang="en" dir="auto">List of CLI languages</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Microsoft</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/C%E2%99%AF" title="C♯">C♯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visual_Basic_.NET" title="Visual Basic .NET">Visual Basic .NET</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C%2B%2B/CLI" title="C++/CLI">C++/CLI</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Managed_Extensions_for_C%2B%2B" class="mw-redirect" title="Managed Extensions for C++">Managed</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F_Sharp" class="mw-redirect" title="F Sharp">F#</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Q#</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J_Sharp" class="mw-redirect" title="J Sharp">J#</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JScript_.NET" title="JScript .NET">JScript .NET</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PowerShell" title="PowerShell">PowerShell</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">其他</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Axum(程式語言)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Axum (programming language)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Axum(%E7%A8%8B%E5%BC%8F%E8%AA%9E%E8%A8%80)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Axum(程式語言)（页面不存在）">Axum</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axum_(programming_language)" class="extiw" title="en:Axum (programming language)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Axum (programming language)</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="A Sharp (.NET)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="A Sharp (.NET)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=A_Sharp_(.NET)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="A Sharp (.NET)（页面不存在）">A Sharp</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Sharp_(.NET)" class="extiw" title="en:A Sharp (.NET)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">A Sharp (.NET)</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boo_(programming_language)" class="mw-redirect" title="Boo (programming language)">Boo</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Cobra(程式語言)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Cobra (programming language)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cobra(%E7%A8%8B%E5%BC%8F%E8%AA%9E%E8%A8%80)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cobra(程式語言)（页面不存在）">Cobra</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cobra_(programming_language)" class="extiw" title="en:Cobra (programming language)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Cobra (programming language)</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="IronScheme" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="IronScheme"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=IronScheme&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="IronScheme（页面不存在）">IronScheme</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IronScheme" class="extiw" title="en:IronScheme"><span lang="en" dir="auto">IronScheme</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IronLisp" title="IronLisp">IronLisp</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IronPython" title="IronPython">IronPython</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IronRuby" title="IronRuby">IronRuby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nemerle" title="Nemerle">Nemerle</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Oxygene" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Oxygene (programming language)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oxygene&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oxygene（页面不存在）">Oxygene</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxygene_(programming_language)" class="extiw" title="en:Oxygene (programming language)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Oxygene (programming language)</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phalanger" class="mw-redirect" title="Phalanger">Phalanger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P_Sharp" class="mw-redirect" title="P Sharp">P#</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scala" title="Scala">Scala</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">比较</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%94%E8%BC%83C%E2%99%AF%E5%92%8CJava" title="比較C♯和Java">C# 和 Java</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C%EF%BC%83%E4%B8%8EVisual_Basic_.NET%E7%9A%84%E6%AF%94%E8%BE%83" title="C＃与Visual Basic .NET的比较">C# 和 Visual Basic .NET</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Visual Basic 和 Visual Basic .NET" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Comparison of Visual Basic and Visual Basic .NET"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Visual_Basic_%E5%92%8C_Visual_Basic_.NET&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Visual Basic 和 Visual Basic .NET（页面不存在）">Visual Basic 和 Visual Basic .NET</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_Visual_Basic_and_Visual_Basic_.NET" class="extiw" title="en:Comparison of Visual Basic and Visual Basic .NET"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Comparison of Visual Basic and Visual Basic .NET</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Java 和 .NET platforms" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Comparison of the Java and .NET platforms"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Java_%E5%92%8C_.NET_platforms&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Java 和 .NET platforms（页面不存在）">Java 和 .NET platforms</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_the_Java_and_.NET_platforms" class="extiw" title="en:Comparison of the Java and .NET platforms"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Comparison of the Java and .NET platforms</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">组织机构</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/.NET%E5%9F%BA%E9%87%91%E6%9C%83" title=".NET基金會">.NET基金會</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DotGNU" title="DotGNU">DotGNU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft" class="mw-redirect" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a></li> <li><a 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