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class="mw-page-title-main">Cromosoma 22</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Vai a una voce in un'altra lingua. Disponibile in 30 lingue" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-30" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">30 lingue</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B5%D8%A8%D8%BA%D9%8A_22" title="صبغي 22 - arabo" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="صبغي 22" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A7%A8%E0%A7%A8_%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%82_%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AE_(%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B9)" title="২২ নং ক্রোমোজোম (মানবদেহ) - bengalese" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="২২ নং ক্রোমোজোম (মানবদেহ)" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hromosom_22" title="Hromosom 22 - bosniaco" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Hromosom 22" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cromosoma_22" title="Cromosoma 22 - catalano" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Cromosoma 22" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromosom_22_(Mensch)" title="Chromosom 22 (Mensch) - tedesco" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Chromosom 22 (Mensch)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tedesco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromosome_22" title="Chromosome 22 - inglese" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Chromosome 22" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cromosoma_22_(humano)" title="Cromosoma 22 (humano) - spagnolo" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Cromosoma 22 (humano)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/22._kromosoom" title="22. kromosoom - estone" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="22. kromosoom" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B2%D9%88%D9%85_%DB%B2%DB%B2_(%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86)" title="کروموزوم ۲۲ (انسان) - persiano" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کروموزوم ۲۲ (انسان)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromosome_22_humain" title="Chromosome 22 humain - francese" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Chromosome 22 humain" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cromosoma_22" title="Cromosoma 22 - galiziano" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Cromosoma 22" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiziano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kromosom_22_(%C4%8Dovjek)" title="Kromosom 22 (čovjek) - croato" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Kromosom 22 (čovjek)" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croato" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hum%C3%A1n_22-es_kromosz%C3%B3ma" title="Humán 22-es kromoszóma - ungherese" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Humán 22-es kromoszóma" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungherese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/22%E7%95%AA%E6%9F%93%E8%89%B2%E4%BD%93_(%E3%83%92%E3%83%88)" title="22番染色体 (ヒト) - giapponese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="22番染色体 (ヒト)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="giapponese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/22%EB%B2%88_%EC%97%BC%EC%83%89%EC%B2%B4" title="22번 염색체 - coreano" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="22번 염색체" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromosoma_22_(homo)" title="Chromosoma 22 (homo) - latino" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Chromosoma 22 (homo)" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromosoom_22" title="Chromosoom 22 - olandese" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Chromosoom 22" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="olandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kromosom_22" title="Kromosom 22 - norvegese bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Kromosom 22" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegese bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromosom_22" title="Chromosom 22 - polacco" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Chromosom 22" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polacco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cromossoma_22" title="Cromossoma 22 - portoghese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Cromossoma 22" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portoghese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cromozomul_uman_22" title="Cromozomul uman 22 - rumeno" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Cromozomul uman 22" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/22-%D1%8F_%D1%85%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="22-я хромосома человека - russo" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="22-я хромосома человека" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hromozom_22_(%C4%8Dovek)" title="Hromozom 22 (čovek) - serbo-croato" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Hromozom 22 (čovek)" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbo-croato" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BC_22_(%D1%87%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BA)" title="Хромозом 22 (човек) - serbo" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Хромозом 22 (човек)" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kromosom_22" title="Kromosom 22 - svedese" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Kromosom 22" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="svedese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kromosomang_22_(tao)" title="Kromosomang 22 (tao) - tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Kromosomang 22 (tao)" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kromozom_22_(insan)" title="Kromozom 22 (insan) - turco" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kromozom 22 (insan)" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0_22_(%D0%BB%D1%8E%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0)" title="Хромосома 22 (людина) - ucraino" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Хромосома 22 (людина)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/22%E8%99%9F%E6%9F%93%E8%89%B2%E9%AB%94" title="22號染色體 - cinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="22號染色體" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="cinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/22_h%C5%8D_ji%C3%A1m-sek-th%C3%A9_(l%C3%A2ng)" title="22 hō jiám-sek-thé (lâng) - min nan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="22 hō jiám-sek-thé (lâng)" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="min nan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q753805#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifica collegamenti interlinguistici" class="wbc-editpage">Modifica collegamenti</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div 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</nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Da Wikipedia, l'enciclopedia libera.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Reindirizzamento da <strong><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cromosoma_22_(umano)&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Cromosoma 22 (umano)">Cromosoma 22 (umano)</a></strong>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="it" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox sinottico" summary="Tabella sinottica che riassume i principali dati del soggetto"><tbody><tr class="sinottico_testata"><th colspan="2" style="background:#c2c3ff">Cromosoma 22</th></tr><tr class="sinottico_divisione"><th colspan="2" style="background:#e2f3ef">Informazioni generali</th></tr><tr><th>Lunghezza</th><td>49.691.432 <a href="/wiki/Coppia_di_basi" title="Coppia di basi">bps</a> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Polimorfismo_a_singolo_nucleotide" title="Polimorfismo a singolo nucleotide">SNPs</a></th><td>196.347 </td></tr><tr class="sinottico_divisione"><th colspan="2" style="background:#e2f3ef"><a href="/wiki/Gene" title="Gene">Geni</a> che codificano per <a href="/wiki/Proteine" title="Proteine">proteine</a></th></tr><tr><th>Noti</th><td>539 </td></tr><tr><th>Presunti</th><td>28 </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Pseudogeni" class="mw-redirect" title="Pseudogeni">Pseudogeni</a></th><td>24 </td></tr><tr class="sinottico_divisione"><th colspan="2" style="background:#e2f3ef"><a href="/wiki/Gene" title="Gene">Geni</a> che codificano per <a href="/wiki/RNA" title="RNA">RNA</a></th></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/RRNA" class="mw-redirect" title="RRNA">rRNA</a></th><td>2 </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/MiRNA" class="mw-redirect" title="MiRNA">miRNA</a></th><td>15 </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/SnRNA" class="mw-redirect" title="SnRNA">snRNA</a></th><td>18 </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/SnoRNA" class="mw-redirect" title="SnoRNA">snoRNA</a></th><td>11 </td></tr><tr><th>Altri <a href="/wiki/RNA" title="RNA">RNA</a></th><td>20 </td></tr><tr class="sinottico_divisione"><th colspan="2" style="background:#e2f3ef">Rappresentazione grafica</th></tr><tr><td class="sinottico_testo_centrale" colspan="2"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Chromosome_22.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Chromosome_22.svg/100px-Chromosome_22.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Chromosome_22.svg/150px-Chromosome_22.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Chromosome_22.svg/200px-Chromosome_22.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="164" data-file-height="164" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="sinottico_piede" style="background:#ffc253"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ensembl.org/Homo_sapiens/mapview?chr=22">Dati aggiornati su <i>Ensembl</i></a> </td></tr><tr><td class="sinottico_piede2 noprint nomobile metadata" colspan="2"> <a href="/wiki/Template:Cromosoma/man" title="Template:Cromosoma/man"><span title="Manuale del template Cromosoma">Manuale</span></a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Con il nome di <b>cromosoma 22</b> si indica per convenzione il secondo più piccolo <a href="/wiki/Cromosoma" title="Cromosoma">cromosoma</a> <a href="/wiki/Homo_sapiens_sapiens" class="mw-redirect" title="Homo sapiens sapiens">umano</a> in ordine di grandezza, con quasi 50 milioni di <a href="/wiki/Nucleotide" title="Nucleotide">nucleotidi</a>. Gli individui presentano solitamente due copie del cromosoma 22, come di ogni <a href="/wiki/Autosoma" title="Autosoma">autosoma</a>, che rappresentano oltre l'1,5% del DNA totale nella <a href="/wiki/Cellula" title="Cellula">cellula</a>. </p><p>Nel <a href="/wiki/1999" title="1999">1999</a> i ricercatori del <a href="/wiki/Progetto_genoma_umano" title="Progetto genoma umano">Progetto genoma umano</a> annunciarono di aver completato il sequenziamento del cromosoma. Il cromosoma 22 fu il primo cromosoma umano ad essere completamente sequenziato<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Poiché i ricercatori usano differenti approcci per prevedere il numero di geni sui singoli cromosomi, le stime di questi sono variabili. In questo caso, il cromosoma 22 potrebbe contenere dai 600 agli 800 geni. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geni">Geni</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cromosoma_22&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifica la sezione Geni" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cromosoma_22&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Geni"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Alcuni importanti geni localizzati nel cromosoma 22. </p> <ul><li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.genenames.org/data/hgnc_data.php?match=TBX1">TBX1</a></i>: T-box 1</li> <li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.genenames.org/data/hgnc_data.php?match=COMT">COMT</a></i>: gene per la catecol-O-metiltransferasi</li> <li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.genenames.org/data/hgnc_data.php?match=NEFH">NEFH</a></i>: <a href="/wiki/Neurofilamento" title="Neurofilamento">neurofilamento</a>, polipeptide pesante 200 kDa</li> <li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.genenames.org/data/hgnc_data.php?match=CHEK2">CHEK2</a></i>: CHK2 checkpoint omologo (<a href="/wiki/Schizosaccharomyces_pombe" title="Schizosaccharomyces pombe">S. pombe</a>)</li> <li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.genenames.org/data/hgnc_data.php?match=NF2">NF2</a></i>: neurofibromina 2</li> <li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.genenames.org/data/hgnc_data.php?match=SOX10">SOX10</a></i>: SRY (regione determinate il sesso sull'Y)-box 10</li> <li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.genenames.org/data/hgnc_data.php?match=EP300">EP300</a></i>: E1A binding protein p300</li> <li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.genenames.org/data/hgnc_data.php?match=WNT7B">WNT7B</a></i>: famiglia del sito d'integrazione MMTV tipo-wingless, membro 7B</li> <li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.genenames.org/data/hgnc_data.php?match=SHANK3">SHANK3</a></i>: SH3 e domini ripetuti dell'anchirina multipla 3</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Malattie">Malattie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cromosoma_22&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifica la sezione Malattie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cromosoma_22&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Malattie"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Le seguenti malattie hanno una qualche correlazione con i geni del </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cancro_alla_mammella" class="mw-redirect" title="Cancro alla mammella">Cancro alla mammella</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sindrome_da_delezione_22q11" title="Sindrome da delezione 22q11">Sindrome da delezione 22q11</a> (genetica dominante)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sindrome_da_delezione_22q13" class="mw-redirect" title="Sindrome da delezione 22q13">Sindrome da delezione 22q13</a> o sindrome di Phelan-McDermid</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sindrome_di_Li-Fraumeni" title="Sindrome di Li-Fraumeni">Sindrome di Li-Fraumeni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neurofibromatosi" title="Neurofibromatosi">Neurofibromatosi</a>, tipo 2</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sindrome_di_Rubinstein-Taybi" title="Sindrome di Rubinstein-Taybi">Sindrome di Rubinstein-Taybi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sindrome_di_Waardenburg" title="Sindrome di Waardenburg">Sindrome di Waardenburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leucodistrofia_metacromatica" title="Leucodistrofia metacromatica">Leucodistrofia metacromatica</a> (genetica recessiva)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leucodistrofia_megaloencefalica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Leucodistrofia megaloencefalica (la pagina non esiste)">Leucodistrofia megaloencefalica</a> (genetica recessiva)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malformazioni_conotroncali&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Malformazioni conotroncali (la pagina non esiste)">Malformazioni conotroncali</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Aberrazioni_cromosomiche_e_genomiche">Aberrazioni cromosomiche e genomiche</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cromosoma_22&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifica la sezione Aberrazioni cromosomiche e genomiche" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cromosoma_22&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Aberrazioni cromosomiche e genomiche"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Le seguenti condizioni sono causate da cambiamenti nella struttura o nel numero di copie del cromosoma 22<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bcrablmet.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dc/Bcrablmet.jpg" decoding="async" width="213" height="244" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="213" data-file-height="244" /></a><figcaption>Con la tecnica della <a href="/wiki/Ibridazione_fluorescente_in_situ" title="Ibridazione fluorescente in situ">FISH</a> è possibile individuare traslocazioni come la <i>t<a href="/wiki/Cromosoma_9_(umano)" class="mw-redirect" title="Cromosoma 9 (umano)">9</a>:22</i> che induce <a href="/wiki/Leucemia_mieloide_cronica" title="Leucemia mieloide cronica">leucemia mieloide cronica</a></figcaption></figure> <ul><li>Un riarrangiamento (<a href="/wiki/Traslocazione" title="Traslocazione">traslocazione</a>) tra il <a href="/wiki/Cromosoma_9" title="Cromosoma 9">cromosoma 9</a> ed il 22 è associato a numerose <a href="/wiki/Leucemia" title="Leucemia">leucemie</a> del sangue. Questa anormalità, che è comunemente chiamata <a href="/wiki/Cromosoma_Filadelfia" class="mw-redirect" title="Cromosoma Filadelfia">cromosoma Filadelfia</a>, è riscontrabile solo nelle cellule tumorali. Il cromosoma Filadelfia è stato rinvenuto in una forma di cancro del sangue a lenta progressione chiamato <i><a href="/wiki/Leucemia_mieloide_cronica" title="Leucemia mieloide cronica">leucemia mieloide cronica</a></i> o CML<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, nonché in forme tumorali a più veloce sviluppo, come le leucemie acute. La presenza di questo cromosoma può portare ad una previsione della decorrenza del cancro e costituisce un target primario per le terapie molecolari (imatinib e simili).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sindrome_da_delezione_22q11" title="Sindrome da delezione 22q11">Sindrome da delezione 22q11</a>. I soggetti che presentano tale malattia hanno perso circa 3 milioni di paia di basi in uno dei cromosomi 22 omologhi. La delezione avviene vicino al centromero sul braccio lungo. Questa regione contiene circa 30 geni, di cui le funzioni non sono ben conosciute. Esistono individui, in ogni caso, che presentano <a href="/wiki/Delezione_(cromosoma)" class="mw-redirect" title="Delezione (cromosoma)">delezioni</a> molto più ridotte sempre nella stessa regione. La perdita di un gene particolare, il TBX1, dovrebbe essere il responsabile di molte disfunzioni che riguardano la sindrome in questione, come ad esempio difetti cardiaci, apertura del palato (<a href="/wiki/Palatoschisi" title="Palatoschisi">palatoschisi</a>), distintivi tratti facciali e bassi livelli di <a href="/wiki/Calcio_(metallo)" class="mw-redirect" title="Calcio (metallo)">calcio</a>. La perdita di questo gene, tuttavia, non sembra creare problemi di apprendimento<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sindrome_da_delezione_di_22q13&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sindrome da delezione di 22q13 (la pagina non esiste)">Sindrome da delezione di 22q13</a> (o <a href="/wiki/Sindrome_di_Phelan-McDermid" title="Sindrome di Phelan-McDermid">sindrome di Phelan-McDermid</a>). La delezione di un segmento distale del cromosoma 22 è correlato a ritardi dello sviluppo (più o meno gravi) e ritardo mentale. Questa regione include il gene SHANK3, che pare essere la causa dei deficit mentali inerenti alla sindrome. Quasi tutti i bambini affetti dalla delezione 22q13 presentano incapacità o estrema difficoltà nel linguaggio, minore <a href="/wiki/Dimorfismo_sessuale" title="Dimorfismo sessuale">dimorfismo</a> facciale, unghie del piede piccole e sfagliate, mani grandi e carnose, piedi grandi, orecchie prominenti e poco formate, mento appuntito, dolicocefalia (cranio allungato), <a href="/wiki/Blefaroptosi" title="Blefaroptosi">blefaroptosi</a> ed altre caratteristiche non evidenti dall'esterno come ipotonia muscolare (97%), crescita accelerata (95%), aumentata tolleranza al dolore (86%)<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.</li> <li>Altre modificazioni hanno una varietà di effetti come ritardi mentali, ritardi dello sviluppo e altri problemi medici. Alcuni di questi cambiamenti includono la trisomia parziale del cromosoma 22, la monosomia parziale, e il cromosoma 22 ad anello dovuto alla rottura delle regioni terminali dei due bracci del cromosoma e loro successivo riallacciamento.</li> <li>La <i><a href="/wiki/Sindrome_degli_occhi_di_gatto" title="Sindrome degli occhi di gatto">sindrome degli occhi di gatto</a></i> (<i>cat-eye syndrome</i>) è un raro disordine causato il più delle volte da un cromosoma extra detto 22 duplicato invertito, composto da parte di materiale genetico del cromosoma 22 e anormalmente duplicato. Questo DNA in più provoca i sintomi ed i segni caratteristici della sindrome degli occhi di gatto, inclusa una malformazione oculare chiamata <a href="/wiki/Coloboma" title="Coloboma">coloboma</a>, difetti cardiaci, disturbi epatici.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trisomia" title="Trisomia">Trisomia</a> e <a href="/wiki/Monosomia" title="Monosomia">monosomia</a> totali del cromosoma 22 non sono compatibili con la vita.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Note">Note</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cromosoma_22&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifica la sezione Note" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cromosoma_22&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Note"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <cite class="citation pubblicazione" style="font-style:normal"> Dunham I <i>et al</i>, <span style="font-style:italic;">The DNA sequence of human chromosome 22</span>, in <span style="font-style:italic;">Nature</span>, vol. 402, n. 6761, 1999, pp. 489-95, <a href="/wiki/PMID" title="PMID">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10591208">10591208</a>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <cite class="citation pubblicazione" style="font-style:normal"> Dunham I, Shimizu N, Roe BA, Chissoe S, Hunt AR, Collins JE, Bruskiewich R, Beare DM, Clamp M, Smink LJ, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Babbage A, Bagguley C, Bailey J, Barlow K, Bates KN, Beasley O, Bird CP, Blakey S, Bridgeman AM, Buck D, Burgess J, Burrill WD, O'Brien KP, <span style="font-style:italic;">The DNA sequence of human chromosome 22</span>, in <span style="font-style:italic;">Nature</span>, vol. 402, n. 6761, 1999, pp. 489-95, <a href="/wiki/PMID" title="PMID">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10591208">10591208</a>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <cite class="citation pubblicazione" style="font-style:normal"> Kurzrock R, Kantarjian HM, Druker BJ, Talpaz M, <span style="font-style:italic;">Philadelphia chromosome-positive leukemias: from basic mechanisms to molecular therapeutics</span>, in <span style="font-style:italic;">Ann Intern Med</span>, vol. 138, n. 10, 2003, pp. 819-30, <a href="/wiki/PMID" title="PMID">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12755554">12755554</a>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation pubblicazione" style="font-style:normal"> McDermid HE, Morrow BE, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sim_american-journal-of-human-genetics_2002-05_70_5/page/1077"><span style="font-style:italic;">Genomic disorders on 22q11</span></a>, in <span style="font-style:italic;">Am J Hum Genet</span>, vol. 70, n. 5, 2002, pp. 1077-88, <a href="/wiki/PMID" title="PMID">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11925570">11925570</a>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.22q13.org">www.22q13.org</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170609015702/http://22q13.org/">Archiviato</a> il 9 giugno 2017 in <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a>.: sito che raccoglie informazioni sulla sindrome da delezione di 22q13</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliografia">Bibliografia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cromosoma_22&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifica la sezione Bibliografia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cromosoma_22&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Bibliografia"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><cite class="citation pubblicazione" style="font-style:normal"> Maynard TM, Haskell GT, Lieberman JA, LaMantia AS, <span style="font-style:italic;">22q11 DS: genomic mechanisms and gene function in DiGeorge/velocardiofacial syndrome</span>, in <span style="font-style:italic;">Int J Dev Neurosci</span>, vol. 20, n. 3-5, 2002, pp. 407-19, <a href="/wiki/PMID" title="PMID">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12175881">12175881</a>.</cite></li> <li><cite class="citation pubblicazione" style="font-style:normal"> McDonald-McGinn DM, Kirschner R, Goldmuntz E, Sullivan K, Eicher P, Gerdes M, Moss E, Solot C, Wang P, Jacobs I, Handler S, Knightly C, Heher K, Wilson M, Ming JE, Grace K, Driscoll D, Pasquariello P, Randall P, Larossa D, Emanuel BS, Zackai EH, <span style="font-style:italic;">The Philadelphia story: the 22q11.2 deletion: report on 250 patients</span>, in <span style="font-style:italic;">Genet Couns</span>, vol. 10, n. 1, 1999, pp. 11-24, <a href="/wiki/PMID" title="PMID">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10191425">10191425</a>.</cite></li> <li><cite class="citation pubblicazione" style="font-style:normal"> Rinn JL, Euskirchen G, Bertone P, Martone R, Luscombe NM, Hartman S, Harrison PM, Nelson FK, Miller P, Gerstein M, Weissman S, Snyder M, <span style="font-style:italic;">The transcriptional activity of human Chromosome 22</span>, in <span style="font-style:italic;">Genes Dev</span>, vol. 17, n. 4, 2003, pp. 529-40, <a href="/wiki/PMID" title="PMID">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12600945">12600945</a>.</cite></li> <li>Wilson HL, Wong ACC, Shaw SR, Tse WY, Stapleton GA, Phelan MC, Hu S, Marshall J, McDermid HE (2003) Molecular characerisation of the 22q13 deletion syndrome supports the role of haploinsufficiency of SHANK3/PROSASP2 in the major neurological symptoms. J Med Genet 40:575-584. <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12920066?dopt=Abstract">PMID 12920066</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Altri_progetti">Altri progetti</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cromosoma_22&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modifica la sezione Altri progetti" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cromosoma_22&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Altri progetti"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div id="interProject" class="toccolours" style="display: none; clear: both; margin-top: 2em"><p id="sisterProjects" style="background-color: #efefef; color: black; font-weight: bold; margin: 0"><span>Altri progetti</span></p><ul title="Collegamenti verso gli altri progetti Wikimedia"> <li class="" title=""><span class="plainlinks" title="commons:Category:Human chromosome 22"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Human_chromosome_22?uselang=it">Wikimedia Commons</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/?uselang=it" title="Collabora a Wikimedia Commons"><img alt="Collabora a Wikimedia Commons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/27px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/36px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/?uselang=it">Wikimedia Commons</a></span> contiene immagini o altri file su <b><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Human_chromosome_22?uselang=it">cromosoma 22</a></span></b></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Collegamenti_esterni">Collegamenti esterni</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cromosoma_22&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Modifica la sezione Collegamenti esterni" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cromosoma_22&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Collegamenti esterni"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/chromosome=22">Introduzione</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110605075029/http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/chromosome=22">Archiviato</a> il 5 giugno 2011 in <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a>. degli <a href="/wiki/National_Institutes_of_Health" title="National Institutes of Health">NIH</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ensembl.org/Homo_sapiens/mapview?chr=22">Mappa</a> su <a href="/wiki/Ensembl!" class="mw-redirect" title="Ensembl!">Ensembl!</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ensembl.org/Homo_sapiens/syntenyview?chr=22">Filogenesi</a> su <a href="/wiki/Ensembl!" class="mw-redirect" title="Ensembl!">Ensembl!</a></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r141815314">.mw-parser-output .navbox{border:1px solid #aaa;clear:both;margin:auto;padding:2px;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox th{padding-left:1em;padding-right:1em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output 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screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox>tbody>tr:first-child>th{background:var(--background-color-interactive)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox th{color:var(--color-base)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox_abovebelow,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox_group{background:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .subnavbox_group{background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle)!important}}</style><table class="navbox mw-collapsible autocollapse noprint metadata" id="navbox-Cromosomi"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2"><div class="navbox_navbar"><div class="noprint plainlinks" style="background-color:transparent; padding:0; font-size:xx-small; color:var(--color-base, #000000); white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Template:Cromosomi" title="Template:Cromosomi"><span title="Vai alla pagina del template">V</span></a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Discussioni_template:Cromosomi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Discussioni template:Cromosomi (la pagina non esiste)"><span title="Discuti del template">D</span></a> · <a class="external text" href="https://it.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Cromosomi&action=edit"><span title="Modifica il template. Usa l'anteprima prima di salvare">M</span></a></div></div><span class="navbox_title"><a href="/wiki/Cromosoma" title="Cromosoma">Cromosomi umani</a></span></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox_list navbox_center navbox_odd" style="font-size:95%;">{<a href="/wiki/Cromosoma_1" title="Cromosoma 1">1</a>} - {<a href="/wiki/Cromosoma_2" title="Cromosoma 2">2</a>} - {<a href="/wiki/Cromosoma_3" title="Cromosoma 3">3</a>} - {<a href="/wiki/Cromosoma_4" title="Cromosoma 4">4</a>} - {<a href="/wiki/Cromosoma_5" title="Cromosoma 5">5</a>} - {<a href="/wiki/Cromosoma_6" title="Cromosoma 6">6</a>} - {<a href="/wiki/Cromosoma_7" title="Cromosoma 7">7</a>} - {<a href="/wiki/Cromosoma_8" title="Cromosoma 8">8</a>} - {<a href="/wiki/Cromosoma_9" title="Cromosoma 9">9</a>} - {<a href="/wiki/Cromosoma_10" title="Cromosoma 10">10</a>} - {<a href="/wiki/Cromosoma_11" title="Cromosoma 11">11</a>} - {<a href="/wiki/Cromosoma_12" title="Cromosoma 12">12</a>} - {<a href="/wiki/Cromosoma_13" title="Cromosoma 13">13</a>} - {<a href="/wiki/Cromosoma_14" title="Cromosoma 14">14</a>} - {<a href="/wiki/Cromosoma_15" title="Cromosoma 15">15</a>} - {<a href="/wiki/Cromosoma_16" title="Cromosoma 16">16</a>} - {<a href="/wiki/Cromosoma_17" title="Cromosoma 17">17</a>} - {<a href="/wiki/Cromosoma_18" title="Cromosoma 18">18</a>} - {<a href="/wiki/Cromosoma_19" title="Cromosoma 19">19</a>} - {<a href="/wiki/Cromosoma_20" title="Cromosoma 20">20</a>} - {<a href="/wiki/Cromosoma_21" title="Cromosoma 21">21</a>} - {<a class="mw-selflink selflink">22</a>} - {<a href="/wiki/Cromosoma_X" title="Cromosoma X">X</a>} - {<a href="/wiki/Cromosoma_Y" title="Cromosoma Y">Y</a>}</td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r141815314"><table class="navbox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed noprint metadata" id="navbox-Genetica"><tbody><tr><th colspan="3"><div class="navbox_navbar"><div class="noprint plainlinks" style="background-color:transparent; padding:0; font-size:xx-small; color:var(--color-base, #000000); white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Template:Genetica" title="Template:Genetica"><span title="Vai alla pagina del template">V</span></a> · <a href="/wiki/Discussioni_template:Genetica" title="Discussioni template:Genetica"><span title="Discuti del template">D</span></a> · <a class="external text" href="https://it.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Genetica&action=edit"><span title="Modifica il template. Usa l'anteprima prima di salvare">M</span></a></div></div><span class="navbox_title"><a href="/wiki/Genetica" title="Genetica">Genetica</a></span></th></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group">Materiale genetico</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_odd"><a href="/wiki/Nucleotide" title="Nucleotide">Nucleotidi</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Base_azotata" title="Base azotata">Basi azotate</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Acidi_nucleici" title="Acidi nucleici">Acidi nucleici</a> <small>(<a href="/wiki/DNA" title="DNA">DNA</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/RNA" title="RNA">RNA</a>)</small><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Cromosoma" title="Cromosoma">Cromosomi</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Genoma" title="Genoma">Genoma</a></td><td rowspan="4" class="navbox_image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:ChromosomeArt.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/ChromosomeArt.jpg/60px-ChromosomeArt.jpg" decoding="async" width="60" height="104" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/ChromosomeArt.jpg/90px-ChromosomeArt.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/ChromosomeArt.jpg/120px-ChromosomeArt.jpg 2x" data-file-width="135" data-file-height="235" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group">Concetti chiave</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_even"><a href="/wiki/Gene" title="Gene">Gene</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Codice_genetico" title="Codice genetico">Codice genetico</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Allele" title="Allele">Allele</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Locus_genico" title="Locus genico">Locus</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Ereditariet%C3%A0_genetica" title="Ereditarietà genetica">Ereditarietà genetica</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Diversit%C3%A0_genetica" title="Diversità genetica">Diversità genetica</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Mutazione_genetica" title="Mutazione genetica">Mutazione genetica</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Variabilit%C3%A0_genetica" class="mw-redirect" title="Variabilità genetica">Variabilità genetica</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group">Campi della genetica</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_odd"><a href="/wiki/Genetica_formale" title="Genetica formale">Genetica formale</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Genetica_molecolare" title="Genetica molecolare">Genetica molecolare</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Genetica_delle_popolazioni" title="Genetica delle popolazioni">Genetica delle popolazioni</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Genomica" title="Genomica">Genomica</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Genetica_umana" title="Genetica umana">Genetica umana</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Epigenetica" title="Epigenetica">Epigenetica</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group">Genetisti</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_even"><a href="/wiki/Gregor_Mendel" title="Gregor Mendel">Gregor Mendel</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Hunt_Morgan" title="Thomas Hunt Morgan">Thomas Hunt Morgan</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Fisher" title="Ronald Fisher">Ronald Fisher</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Griffith" title="Frederick Griffith">Frederick Griffith</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Erwin_Chargaff" title="Erwin Chargaff">Erwin Chargaff</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Barbara_McClintock" title="Barbara McClintock">Barbara McClintock</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/James_Dewey_Watson" title="James Dewey Watson">James Watson</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Francis_Crick" title="Francis Crick">Francis Crick</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Rosalind_Franklin" title="Rosalind Franklin">Rosalind Franklin</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Alec_Jeffreys" title="Alec Jeffreys">Alec Jeffreys</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="noprint" style="width:100%; 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