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class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_lv.wikipedia.org&uselang=lv" class=""><span>Ziedojumi</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Gr%C4%81fs" title="Ieteicams izveidot kontu un pieslēgties; tomēr tas nav obligāti." class=""><span>Izveidot jaunu Vikipēdijas kontu</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Gr%C4%81fs" title="Aicinām tevi ieiet Vikipēdijā, tomēr tas nav obligāti. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Ieiet Vikipēdijā</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Vairāk iespēju" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Dalībnieka rīki" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Dalībnieka rīki</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Dalībnieka izvēlne" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_lv.wikipedia.org&uselang=lv"><span>Ziedojumi</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Gr%C4%81fs" title="Ieteicams izveidot kontu un pieslēgties; tomēr tas nav obligāti."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Izveidot jaunu Vikipēdijas kontu</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Gr%C4%81fs" title="Aicinām tevi ieiet Vikipēdijā, tomēr tas nav obligāti. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Ieiet Vikipēdijā</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Lapas redaktoriem, kuri nav pieslēgušies <a href="/wiki/Vikip%C4%93dija:Ievads" aria-label="Uzzini vairāk par rediģēšanu"><span>uzzināt vairāk</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="Labojumi, kas veikti no šīs IP adreses [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Devums</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Diskusija par labojumiem, kas izdarīti no šīs IP adreses [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Diskusijas</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Vietne"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Saturs" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Saturs</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">pārvietot uz sānjoslu</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">paslēpt</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Sākums</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Markgrāfs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Markgrāfs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Markgrāfs</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Markgrāfs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pfalcgrāfs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pfalcgrāfs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Pfalcgrāfs</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pfalcgrāfs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reihsgrāfs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reihsgrāfs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Reihsgrāfs</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reihsgrāfs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Firstgrāfs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Firstgrāfs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Firstgrāfs</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Firstgrāfs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Burggrāfs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Burggrāfs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Burggrāfs</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Burggrāfs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Individuālie_tituli" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Individuālie_tituli"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Individuālie tituli</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Individuālie_tituli-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliogrāfija" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliogrāfija"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Bibliogrāfija</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliogrāfija-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Saturs" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Pārslēgt satura rādītāju" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Pārslēgt satura rādītāju</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Grāfs</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Pāriet uz rakstu citā valodā. Pieejams 56 valodās" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-56" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">56 valodas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graaf" title="Graaf – afrikandu" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Graaf" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikandu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graf" title="Graf – Šveices vācu" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Graf" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Šveices vācu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%BA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%81_(%D9%84%D9%82%D8%A8_%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83%D9%8A)" title="غراف (لقب ملكي) – arābu" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="غراف (لقب ملكي)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arābu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qraf_(titul)" title="Qraf (titul) – azerbaidžāņu" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Qraf (titul)" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaidžāņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84_(%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BB)" title="Граф (титул) – baškīru" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Граф (титул)" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="baškīru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84" title="Граф – baltkrievu" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Граф" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="baltkrievu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84" title="Граф – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Граф" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84" title="Граф – bulgāru" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Граф" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgāru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graf_(t%C3%ADtol)" title="Graf (títol) – katalāņu" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Graf (títol)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalāņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hrab%C4%9B" title="Hrabě – čehu" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Hrabě" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="čehu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greve_(rang)" title="Greve (rang) – dāņu" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Greve (rang)" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dāņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graf" title="Graf – vācu" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Graf" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="vācu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graf" title="Graf – angļu" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Graf" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="angļu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grafo" title="Grafo – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Grafo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graf_(t%C3%ADtulo_nobiliario)" title="Graf (título nobiliario) – spāņu" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Graf (título nobiliario)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spāņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krahv" title="Krahv – igauņu" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Krahv" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="igauņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graf" title="Graf – basku" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Graf" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basku" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%81_(%D9%84%D9%82%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%81%DB%8C)" title="گراف (لقب اشرافی) – persiešu" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="گراف (لقب اشرافی)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kreivi" title="Kreivi – somu" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kreivi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="somu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grave_(titre)" title="Grave (titre) – franču" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Grave (titre)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franču" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greve" title="Greve – rietumfrīzu" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Greve" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="rietumfrīzu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graf" title="Graf – galisiešu" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Graf" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galisiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grof" title="Grof – horvātu" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Grof" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="horvātu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gr%C3%B3f" title="Gróf – ungāru" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Gróf" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungāru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BF%D5%B8%D5%B4%D5%BD" title="Կոմս – armēņu" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Կոմս" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armēņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greifi" title="Greifi – islandiešu" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Greifi" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graf_(titolo_nobiliare)" title="Graf (titolo nobiliare) – itāļu" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Graf (titolo nobiliare)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="itāļu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B0%E3%83%A9%E3%83%BC%E3%83%95_(%E7%A7%B0%E5%8F%B7)" title="グラーフ (称号) – japāņu" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="グラーフ (称号)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japāņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%92%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98" title="გრაფი – gruzīnu" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="გრაფი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="gruzīnu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84_(%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BC)" title="Граф (лауазым) – kazahu" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Граф (лауазым)" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazahu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%8F%85%EC%9D%BC_%EB%B0%B1%EC%9E%91" title="독일 백작 – korejiešu" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="독일 백작" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korejiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grafio" title="Grafio – latīņu" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Grafio" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latīņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grafas_(titulas)" title="Grafas (titulas) – lietuviešu" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Grafas (titulas)" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lietuviešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84" title="Гроф – maķedoniešu" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Гроф" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="maķedoniešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graaf" title="Graaf – lejasvācu" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Graaf" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="lejasvācu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graaf_(titel)" title="Graaf (titel) – holandiešu" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Graaf (titel)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="holandiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greve" title="Greve – jaunnorvēģu" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Greve" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="jaunnorvēģu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greve" title="Greve – norvēģu bukmols" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Greve" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvēģu bukmols" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graf" title="Graf – oksitāņu" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Graf" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="oksitāņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graf_(tytu%C5%82_szlachecki)" title="Graf (tytuł szlachecki) – poļu" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Graf (tytuł szlachecki)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poļu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graf" title="Graf – portugāļu" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Graf" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugāļu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grof" title="Grof – rumāņu" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Grof" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumāņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84_(%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BB)" title="Граф (титул) – krievu" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Граф (титул)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="krievu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grof" title="Grof – serbu–horvātu" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Grof" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbu–horvātu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graf" title="Graf – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Graf" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gr%C3%B3f" title="Gróf – slovāku" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Gróf" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovāku" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grof" title="Grof – slovēņu" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Grof" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovēņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84" title="Гроф – serbu" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Гроф" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greve" title="Greve – zviedru" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Greve" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="zviedru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84" title="Граф – tadžiku" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Граф" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadžiku" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%9F_(%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%8C)" title="กราฟ (บรรดาศักดิ์) – taju" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="กราฟ (บรรดาศักดิ์)" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="taju" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84_(%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BB)" title="Граф (титул) – tatāru" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Граф (титул)" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatāru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84_(%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BB)" title="Граф (титул) – ukraiņu" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Граф (титул)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukraiņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graf" title="Graf – vjetnamiešu" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Graf" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vjetnamiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BC%AF%E7%88%B5_(%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD)" title="伯爵 (德国) – ķīniešu" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="伯爵 (德国)" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="ķīniešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue 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accesskey="g"><span>Ieraksts Vikidatos</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Lapas rīki"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Izskats"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Izskats</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">pārvietot uz sānjoslu</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">paslēpt</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Vikipēdijas lapa</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="lv" dir="ltr"><figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Att%C4%93ls:Earlscrown1.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Earlscrown1.JPG/200px-Earlscrown1.JPG" decoding="async" width="200" height="179" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/17/Earlscrown1.JPG 1.5x" data-file-width="283" data-file-height="253" /></a><figcaption>Grāfa heraldiskais kronis</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Grāfs</b> (<a href="/wiki/V%C4%81cu_valoda" title="Vācu valoda">vācu</a>: <span lang="de"><i>Graf</i></span>) bija sākotnēji, agrajos <a href="/wiki/Viduslaiki" title="Viduslaiki">viduslaikos</a>, ieņemamais amats: viena no augstākajām <a href="/wiki/Karalis" title="Karalis">karaļa</a> galma amatpersonām, karaļa uzticības persona un pārstāvis kādā jomā vai reģionā; vēlāk jau mantojams tituls. Jēdziens cēlies no latīņu <i>comes</i> (pavadonis), un kā ieņemamā amata apzīmējums radies IV gs. <a href="/wiki/Romas_imp%C4%93rija" title="Romas impērija">Romas impērijā</a> (piemēram, <i>comes sacrarum largitionum</i> — 'galvenais mantzinis'). </p><p>Viduslaikos grāfs bija <a href="/wiki/Valsts" title="Valsts">valsts</a> administratīvās vienības — <a href="/wiki/Gr%C4%81fiste" title="Grāfiste">grāfistes</a>, palatināta — suverēns, tiešais karaļa <a href="/wiki/Vasalis" title="Vasalis">vasalis</a> un pārstāvis; jaunajos laikos, grāfistēm zaudējot savu administratīvo funkciju, viens no augstākajiem muižniecības tituliem. Aristokrātijas sociālajā hierarhijā grāfi atradās pakāpi zemāk par <a href="/wiki/Hercogs" title="Hercogs">hercogiem</a>. </p><p>Franku karalis Kārlis II Plikpauris savā 877. gada kapitulārijā juridiski noformulēja grāfa titula pārmantojamību un grāfu politisko patstāvību. <a href="/wiki/Anglijas_Karaliste" title="Anglijas Karaliste">Anglijā</a> grāfa statusa apzīmējums sākotnēji bija <b>Earl</b> (no skandināvu <a href="/wiki/J%C4%81rls" title="Jārls">jārla</a>), taču vēlāk tituls tika piemērots vispārpieņemtajam kā <i>Count</i>). </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Markgrāfs"><span id="Markgr.C4.81fs"></span>Markgrāfs</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gr%C4%81fs&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Labot sadaļu: Markgrāfs" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>labot šo sadaļu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gr%C4%81fs&action=edit&section=1" title="Labot sadaļas vikikodu: Markgrāfs"><span>labot pirmkodu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Att%C4%93ls:Margrave%27s_coronet.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Margrave%27s_coronet.png/100px-Margrave%27s_coronet.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="54" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Margrave%27s_coronet.png/150px-Margrave%27s_coronet.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Margrave%27s_coronet.png/200px-Margrave%27s_coronet.png 2x" data-file-width="319" data-file-height="173" /></a><figcaption>Markgrāfa heraldiskais kronis</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Att%C4%93ls:MarquisA.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/MarquisA.jpg/100px-MarquisA.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/MarquisA.jpg/150px-MarquisA.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/MarquisA.jpg/200px-MarquisA.jpg 2x" data-file-width="350" data-file-height="252" /></a><figcaption>Marķīza heraldiskais kronis</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Markgrāfs</b> jeb <b>marķīzs</b> (<a href="/wiki/V%C4%81cu_valoda" title="Vācu valoda">vācu</a>: <span lang="de"><i>Markgraf</i></span>, <a href="/wiki/Lat%C4%AB%C5%86u_valoda" title="Latīņu valoda">latīņu</a>: <span lang="la"><i>Marchisus</i></span>, no <i>march</i> — „pierobežas province“ + <i>graf</i>) — franku imperatora <a href="/wiki/K%C4%81rlis_Lielais" title="Kārlis Lielais">Kārļa Lielā</a> laikā radies ieņemamais amats, kas vēlāk pārtapa par titulu: markas kā teritoriālas vienības tika dibinātas visā franku valsts robežjoslā kā nocietināti, militāri patstāvīgi apgabali markgrāfu pakļautībā. Aristokrātijas hierarhijā marķīza tituls atradās starp grāfa un hercoga tituliem. Anglijā bez marķīza kā marķizāta valdījuma suverēna, titulu bieži piešķīra hercogu vecākajiem dēliem un mantiniekiem, kamēr tie vēl nebija kļuvuši par hercogiem. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pfalcgrāfs"><span id="Pfalcgr.C4.81fs"></span>Pfalcgrāfs</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gr%C4%81fs&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Labot sadaļu: Pfalcgrāfs" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>labot šo sadaļu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gr%C4%81fs&action=edit&section=2" title="Labot sadaļas vikikodu: Pfalcgrāfs"><span>labot pirmkodu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>Pfalcgrāfs</b> (<a href="/wiki/V%C4%81cu_valoda" title="Vācu valoda">vācu</a>: <span lang="de"><i>Pfalzgraf</i></span>, no <i>Pfalz</i> — „palatināts“ + „grāfs“), franku karaļvalstī — karaliskais tiesnesis; <a href="/wiki/Sv%C4%93t%C4%81_Romas_imp%C4%93rija" title="Svētā Romas impērija">Vācu nācijas Sv. Romas impērijā</a> — palatināta grāfs (palatināta grāfiste no parastas grāfistes atšķiras ar papildus privilēģijām un autonomu jurisdikciju: te nedarbojās karalistes likumi un tiesneši, bet gan grāfistes jurisdikcija). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reihsgrāfs"><span id="Reihsgr.C4.81fs"></span>Reihsgrāfs</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gr%C4%81fs&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Labot sadaļu: Reihsgrāfs" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>labot šo sadaļu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gr%C4%81fs&action=edit&section=3" title="Labot sadaļas vikikodu: Reihsgrāfs"><span>labot pirmkodu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>Reihsgrāfs</b> (<a href="/wiki/V%C4%81cu_valoda" title="Vācu valoda">vācu</a>: <span lang="de"><i>Reichsgraf</i></span>) — Vācu nācijas Sv. Romas impērijas „valsts“ grāfs, kura suverēns (senjors) bija tikai pats imperators. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Firstgrāfs"><span id="Firstgr.C4.81fs"></span>Firstgrāfs</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gr%C4%81fs&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Labot sadaļu: Firstgrāfs" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>labot šo sadaļu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gr%C4%81fs&action=edit&section=4" title="Labot sadaļas vikikodu: Firstgrāfs"><span>labot pirmkodu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>Firstgrāfs</b> (<a href="/wiki/V%C4%81cu_valoda" title="Vācu valoda">vācu</a>: <span lang="de"><i>Gefürsteter Graf</i></span>) — vācu zemju tituls no „Reichsfürst + Graf“. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Burggrāfs"><span id="Burggr.C4.81fs"></span>Burggrāfs</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gr%C4%81fs&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Labot sadaļu: Burggrāfs" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>labot šo sadaļu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gr%C4%81fs&action=edit&section=5" title="Labot sadaļas vikikodu: Burggrāfs"><span>labot pirmkodu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>Burggrāfs</b> (<a href="/wiki/V%C4%81cu_valoda" title="Vācu valoda">vācu</a>: <span lang="de"><i>Burggraf</i></span>) — imperatora, karaļa vai bīskapa iecelta amatpersona, pilsētas (<i>castle, burgh</i>) senjors. Savās zemēs iemiesoja augstāko administratīvo, tiesu un militāro varu. Ja konkrētā pilsēta bija tiešajā imperatora valdījumā, tad burggrāfs bija arī reihsgrāfs. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Individuālie_tituli"><span id="Individu.C4.81lie_tituli"></span>Individuālie tituli</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gr%C4%81fs&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Labot sadaļu: Individuālie tituli" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>labot šo sadaļu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gr%C4%81fs&action=edit&section=6" title="Labot sadaļas vikikodu: Individuālie tituli"><span>labot pirmkodu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Att%C4%93ls:Nassau_Rheingaukreis.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Nassau_Rheingaukreis.png/200px-Nassau_Rheingaukreis.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="95" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Nassau_Rheingaukreis.png/300px-Nassau_Rheingaukreis.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/46/Nassau_Rheingaukreis.png 2x" data-file-width="387" data-file-height="183" /></a><figcaption>Reingrāfu zemes</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><b>Reingrāfs</b> (<a href="/wiki/V%C4%81cu_valoda" title="Vācu valoda">vācu</a>: <span lang="de"><i>Rheingraf</i></span>) — Reinas baseina labā krasta zemju grāfa tituls; arī <b>mežgrāfs</b> (vāc. <i>Wildgraf</i>, <i>Waldgrafe</i>, ang. <i>Wildgrave</i>, — no lat. <i>comites silvestres</i>) — Reinas-Hesenes (<i>Rheinhessen</i>) zemju Nahegau grāfu dzimtas atzara tituls. Dažkārt figurē apvienotais tituls "Wild- und Rheingrafen". Tituls vācu zemēs, parādās 1113. gadā, kad to pieņem Nahegau (<i>Nahegau</i>) grāfa Emiho VI dēls mežgrāfs Emiho VII (Emicho VII, (1103—1135).</li> <li><b>Raugrāfs</b> (<a href="/wiki/V%C4%81cu_valoda" title="Vācu valoda">vācu</a>: <span lang="de"><i>Raugraf</i></span>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliogrāfija"><span id="Bibliogr.C4.81fija"></span>Bibliogrāfija</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gr%C4%81fs&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Labot sadaļu: Bibliogrāfija" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>labot šo sadaļu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gr%C4%81fs&action=edit&section=7" title="Labot sadaļas vikikodu: Bibliogrāfija"><span>labot pirmkodu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Conrad Schneider: Geschichte des Wild- und Rheingräflichen Hauses, Volkes und Landes auf dem Hundsrücken. 1854 (Nachdruck: Verlag Glaube und Heimat, Birkenfeld 1926)</li></ul> <table class="metadata plainlinks stub" role="presentation" style="background:transparent"><tbody><tr><td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Att%C4%93ls:Hoplite_helmet.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Aizmetņa ikona" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Hoplite_helmet.svg/30px-Hoplite_helmet.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Hoplite_helmet.svg/45px-Hoplite_helmet.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Hoplite_helmet.svg/60px-Hoplite_helmet.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="390" /></a></span></td><td><i>Šis ar <a href="/wiki/V%C4%93sture" title="Vēsture">vēsturi</a> saistītais raksts ir <a href="/wiki/Vikip%C4%93dija:Aizmetnis" title="Vikipēdija:Aizmetnis">nepilnīgs</a>. 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