CINXE.COM
Tropicos
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head id="ctl00_Head1"><title> Tropicos </title><link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="http://www.tropicos.org/opensearch-namesearch.xml" title="Tropicos Name Search" /><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/styles/tropicos.css" /><link rel="alternate stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/styles/large.css" title="A++" /><link rel="alternate stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/styles/medium.css" title="A+" /><link rel="alternate stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/styles/small.css" title="A" /><link rel="alternate stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/styles/x-small.css" title="A-" /><link rel="alternate stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/styles/xx-small.css" title="A--" /><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/styles/ajaxtabs.css" /> <!--[if IE]> <style type="text/css"> #gbar { /*to fix IE 6 issues with project background color, override styles: no float, no transparent background color, hidden overflow */ float: None; overflow: hidden; background-color: None; } </style> <![endif]--> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" /> <!-- /*********************************************** * Ajax Tabs Content script- © Dynamic Drive DHTML code library (www.dynamicdrive.com) * This notice MUST stay intact for legal use * Visit Dynamic Drive at http://www.dynamicdrive.com/ for full source code ***********************************************/ /* Note: we are currently only using the styling for the tabs - none of the ajax capabilities */ --> <!-- <script type="text/javascript" src="http://shots.snap.com/snap_shots.js?ap=1&key=b8981b6f9b3c831994424371c9e82823&sb=1&th=green&cl=1&si=1&po=0&df=0&oi=0&link_icon=on&shots_trigger=both&lang=en-us&domain=tropicos.org&as=0"></script> --> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/scripts/jquery-ui/css/smoothness/jquery-ui.css" /></head> <body id="ctl00_body" style="padding-top: 0px; margin-top: 0px"> <div id="overDiv" style="position: absolute; visibility: hidden; z-index: 1000;"> </div> <form name="aspnetForm" method="post" action="./TermsOfUse.aspx" id="aspnetForm"> <div> <input type="hidden" name="__VIEWSTATE" id="__VIEWSTATE" value="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" /> </div> <script src="/scripts/jquery.js?key=216" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="https://code.jquery.com/ui/1.8.21/jquery-ui.min.js?key=216" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="/scripts/jquery_cookie.js?key=216" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="/scripts/common.js?key=216" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="/scripts/projects.js?key=216" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="/scripts/MenuDropDownControl.js?key=216" type="text/javascript"></script> <div> <input type="hidden" name="__VIEWSTATEGENERATOR" id="__VIEWSTATEGENERATOR" value="0203B81C" /> </div> <div id="ctl00_headerStandardControl_controlDiv" class="header"> <table cellspacing="0"> <tr> <td valign="top"> <a id="ctl00_headerStandardControl_logoLink" href="/Home.aspx"><img id="ctl00_headerStandardControl_logoImage" src="/images/TropicosLogo.gif" alt="Home" style="border-width:0px;" /></a> </td> <td> </td> </tr> </table> <div class="HorizLine"> <span></span> </div> <table id="ctl00_headerStandardControl_menuBarControl_barTable" width="100%" border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" style="height: 22px" bgcolor="#FFFFCC"> <tr> <td class="MenuBar"> <a id="ctl00_headerStandardControl_menuBarControl_homeHyperLink" class="HeaderText" href="https://tropicos.org/">Home</a> </td> <td class="MenuBar"> <a id="ctl00_headerStandardControl_menuBarControl_NamesLink" class="HeaderText" href="https://tropicos.org/nameSearch" target="_top">Names</a> </td> <td class="MenuBar"> <a id="ctl00_headerStandardControl_menuBarControl_SpecimensLink" class="HeaderText" href="/SpecimenSearch.aspx" target="_top">Specimens</a> </td> <td class="MenuBar"> <a id="ctl00_headerStandardControl_menuBarControl_ReferenceLink" class="HeaderText" href="https://tropicos.org/reference/Search" target="_top">References</a> </td> <td class="MenuBar"> <a id="ctl00_headerStandardControl_menuBarControl_ProjectsLink" class="HeaderText" href="/ProjectList.aspx" target="_top">Projects</a> </td> <td class="MenuBar"> <a id="ctl00_headerStandardControl_menuBarControl_ImagesLink" class="HeaderText" href="https://tropicos.org/image/Search" target="_top">Images</a> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap" class="MenuBar"> <div id="ctl00_headerStandardControl_menuBarControl_menuDropDownControl_controlDiv"> <div id="ctl00_headerStandardControl_menuBarControl_menuDropDownControl_parentDiv"> <a class="HeaderText" href="javascript:" target="_top">More</a><span style="padding-left:2px;padding-right:2px"><img src="/images/down.png" border="0" alt="down" /></span> </div> <div id="ctl00_headerStandardControl_menuBarControl_menuDropDownControl_childDiv" class="MenuDropDown"> <div style="padding:2px;border:1px solid white"><a href="https://tropicos.org/publication/Search" >Publications</a></div><div style="padding:2px;border:1px solid white"><a href="https://tropicos.org/person/Search" >Authors/Collectors</a></div><div style="padding:2px;border:1px solid white"><a href="https://tropicos.org/locationSearch" >Locations</a></div><div style="padding:2px;border:1px solid white"><a href="https://tropicos.org/institution/Search" >Institutions</a></div><div style="padding:2px;border:1px solid white"><a href="/MapsSearch.aspx" >My Maps</a></div> </div> </div> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap" class="MenuBar"> <div id="ctl00_headerStandardControl_menuBarControl_toolMenuDropDownControl_controlDiv"> <div id="ctl00_headerStandardControl_menuBarControl_toolMenuDropDownControl_parentDiv"> <a class="HeaderText" href="javascript:" target="_top">Tools</a><span style="padding-left:2px;padding-right:2px"><img src="/images/down.png" border="0" alt="down" /></span> </div> <div id="ctl00_headerStandardControl_menuBarControl_toolMenuDropDownControl_childDiv" class="MenuDropDown"> <div style="padding:2px;border:1px solid white"><span class="MenuDropDown">Bulk Data</span></div><div style="padding:2px;border:1px solid white"><a href="/NameMatching.aspx" style="display:block;padding-left:7px" >Name Matching</a></div><div style="padding:2px;border:1px solid white"><a href="https://tropicos.org/ethnobotany/Search" >Ethnobotany Search</a></div><div style="padding:2px;border:1px solid white"><span class="MenuDropDown">Functions</span></div><div style="padding:2px;border:1px solid white"><a href="/DNASpecimenSearch.aspx" style="display:block;padding-left:7px" >DNA Specimen Search</a></div><div style="padding:2px;border:1px solid white"><a href="/GeoLocate.aspx" style="display:block;padding-left:7px" >GeoLocate (Tulane)</a></div><div style="padding:2px;border:1px solid white"><a href="/GlossarySearch.aspx" style="display:block;padding-left:7px" >Glossary</a></div><div style="padding:2px;border:1px solid white"><a href="/SpecimenGeoSearch.aspx" style="display:block;padding-left:7px" >Specimen Geographic Search</a></div><div style="padding:2px;border:1px solid white"><a href="http://www.mobot.org/mobot/LatinDict/search.aspx" style="display:block;padding-left:7px" >Grammatical Dictionary of Botanical Latin</a></div> </div> </div> </td> <td id="ctl00_headerStandardControl_menuBarControl_headerCellLogin" style="white-space: nowrap; width: 100%;" align="right"> <div style="margin-right: 1em; float: right; vertical-align: middle; display: block;"> <a id="ctl00_headerStandardControl_menuBarControl_mobotLoginLink" href="/ligustrum.aspx?send=ntlm" target="_top" style="font-size:11px;font-weight:normal;">MOBOT Sign In</a> <span id="ctl00_headerStandardControl_menuBarControl_loginBar" style="font-size:11px;font-weight:normal;"> | </span> <a id="ctl00_headerStandardControl_menuBarControl_loginLink" href="/ligustrum.aspx?send=1" target="_top" style="font-size:11px;font-weight:normal;">Login</a> <span id="ctl00_headerStandardControl_menuBarControl_Label1" style="font-size:11px;font-weight:normal;"> | </span> <a href="#" target="_blank" title="Login Help"> <img src="/images/help-browser.png" alt="Login Help" border="0" style="vertical-align: middle" onclick="window.open('/Help/LoginHelp.htm', '_blank','left=100, top=100, height=400, width=700, status=no, toolbar=no, location=no, menubar=no,resizable=yes, scrollbars=yes');return false" /></a> </div> </td> </tr> </table> <div class="HorizLine"> <span></span> </div> </div> <div> <table id="ctl00_breadCrumbTable" width="100%" cellspacing="0" style="margin-top: 1px; margin-bottom: 1px;"> <tr> <td style="width: 75%;"> <div style="padding: 5px 0px 5px 0px"> <span class="BreadcrumbText"></span> </div> </td> <td id="ctl00_LanguageSection" align="right" style="white-space: nowrap;"> <div id="ctl00_langMenuDropDownControl_controlDiv"> <div id="ctl00_langMenuDropDownControl_parentDiv"> <a class="MenuItem" href="javascript:" target="_top">English</a><span style="padding-left:2px;padding-right:2px"><img src="/images/down.png" border="0" alt="down" /></span> </div> <div id="ctl00_langMenuDropDownControl_childDiv" class="MenuDropDown"> <div style="padding:2px;border:1px solid white"><a href="/TermsOfUse.aspx?langid=10" class="MenuItem" >English</a></div><div style="padding:2px;border:1px solid white"><a href="/TermsOfUse.aspx?langid=12" class="MenuItem" >Français </a></div><div style="padding:2px;border:1px solid white"><a href="/TermsOfUse.aspx?langid=66" class="MenuItem" >Español </a></div> </div> </div> </td> </tr> </table> <table id="ctl00_nameTable" width="100%" cellspacing="0" style="margin-top: 1px; margin-bottom: 1px;"> <tr> <td style="width: 75%;" class="ItemHeader"> Terms Of Use </td> <td align="right" style="width: 25%; white-space: nowrap" valign="top"> <span id="sizer" style="float: right; text-align: right;padding-top:2px;"> <a href="" class="Sizer" onclick="javascript:fontsizedown();return false;"> <img width="18" height="12" border="0" title="Decrease font" alt="Decrease font" src="/images/font.minus.gif" /> </a> <a href="" class="Sizer" onclick="javascript:fontsizeup();return false;"> <img width="18" height="12" border="0" title="Increase font" alt="Increase font" src="/images/font.plus.gif" /> </a> <a href="" class="Sizer" onclick="javascript:fontsizereset();return false;"> <img width="18" height="12" border="0" title="Restore font" alt="Restore font" src="/images/font.reset.gif" /> </a> </span> </td> </tr> </table> <table width="100%" cellspacing="0" style="margin-top: 1px; margin-bottom: 1px;"> <tr> <td> <br /> <p> This site is designed for scientific research by individual researchers. Attribution should be given for use of data derived from the site. General reference to the site can be given as “Tropicos, botanical information system at the Missouri Botanical Garden - <a href="http://www.tropicos.org">www.tropicos.org</a>” or individual pages should be cited as indicated at the bottom of each page. </p> <p> This site is not designed for scraping or automated extractions which degrade performance for other users. Researchers needing large amounts of data are expected to contact us (via our <a href="/Feedback.aspx?feedbackoption=4" target="_blank">feedback page</a>) with project details to discuss the collaborative exchange of data for their personal scientific research. For automatic extraction of data, please see our web service at <a href="http://services.tropicos.org/" target="_blank">http://services.tropicos.org/</a> </p> <p> The IP address of systems that excessively query the site without contacting us can be blocked to maintain system responsiveness for other users. </p> </td> </tr> </table> <div style="padding-top: 10px"> <div id="ctl00_footerControl_ctl00_lineDiv" style="width: 100%; height: 1px; background-color: #999999; line-height: 1px"> </div> <div id="ctl00_footerControl_parentDiv" style="width:100%;text-align:center;background-color:#FFFFCC;"> <div> <span id="ctl00_footerControl_yearSpan" class="FooterCopy">© 2025</span> <a href="http://www.mobot.org" target="_blank" class="Footer">Missouri Botanical Garden</a> <span class="FooterCopy">- 4344 Shaw Boulevard - Saint Louis, Missouri 63110</span> </div> <div class="Footer"> <img src="/images/comment8.gif" alt="" /> <a href="/Feedback.aspx?callingurl=/TermsOfUse.aspx" id="ctl00_footerControl_feedbackLink" target="_blank">Send feedback</a>|<a href="/TermsOfUse.aspx">Terms Of Use</a>|<a href="http://services.tropicos.org/">API</a>|<a href="/LinkHelp.aspx">Linking to Tropicos</a>|<a href="/help/faq.aspx">FAQ</a>|<a href="/AdditionalInfo.aspx">Additional Info</a> </div> </div> <div id="ctl00_footerControl_ctl01_lineDiv" style="width: 100%; height: 1px; background-color: #999999; line-height: 1px"> </div> </div> </div> <script language='JavaScript1.2' src='/scripts/styleswitcher.js?key=216' type='text/javascript'>/************************************************ Font size approach was taken directly from http://www.alistapart.com/articles/relafont/***********************************************/</script><script type="text/javascript" src="/scripts/overlib.js"><!-- overLIB (c) Erik Bosrup --></script><script type="text/javascript"> var opts = {"controlDivId":"ctl00_headerStandardControl_menuBarControl_menuDropDownControl_controlDiv"}; MenuDropDownControl.create('ctl00_headerStandardControl_menuBarControl_menuDropDownControl_controlDiv', opts ); </script> <script type="text/javascript"> var opts = {"controlDivId":"ctl00_headerStandardControl_menuBarControl_toolMenuDropDownControl_controlDiv"}; MenuDropDownControl.create('ctl00_headerStandardControl_menuBarControl_toolMenuDropDownControl_controlDiv', opts ); </script> <script type="text/javascript"> var opts = {"controlDivId":"ctl00_headerProjectControl_menuBarControl_menuDropDownControl_controlDiv"}; MenuDropDownControl.create('ctl00_headerProjectControl_menuBarControl_menuDropDownControl_controlDiv', opts ); </script> <script type="text/javascript"> var opts = {"controlDivId":"ctl00_headerProjectControl_menuBarControl_toolMenuDropDownControl_controlDiv"}; MenuDropDownControl.create('ctl00_headerProjectControl_menuBarControl_toolMenuDropDownControl_controlDiv', opts ); </script> <script type="text/javascript"> var opts = {"controlDivId":"ctl00_projMenuDropDownControl_controlDiv"}; MenuDropDownControl.create('ctl00_projMenuDropDownControl_controlDiv', opts ); </script> <script type="text/javascript"> var opts = {"controlDivId":"ctl00_langMenuDropDownControl_controlDiv"}; MenuDropDownControl.create('ctl00_langMenuDropDownControl_controlDiv', opts ); </script> </form> <script type="text/javascript"> var gaJsHost = (("https:" == document.location.protocol) ? "https://ssl." : "http://www."); document.write(unescape("%3Cscript src='" + gaJsHost + "google-analytics.com/ga.js' type='text/javascript'%3E%3C/script%3E")); </script> <script type="text/javascript"> var pageTracker = _gat._getTracker("UA-3783322-3"); pageTracker._initData(); pageTracker._trackPageview(); </script> </body> </html>