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class="affiliations-container fake-truncate js-profile-affiliations"><div><a class="u-tcGrayDarker" href="https://necsi.academia.edu/">New England Complex Systems Institute</a>, <a class="u-tcGrayDarker" href="https://necsi.academia.edu/Departments/President/Documents">President</a>, <span class="u-tcGrayDarker">Faculty Member</span></div></div></div></div><div class="sidebar-cta-container"><button class="ds2-5-button hidden profile-cta-button grow js-profile-follow-button" data-broccoli-component="user-info.follow-button" data-click-track="profile-user-info-follow-button" data-follow-user-fname="Yaneer" data-follow-user-id="131282" data-follow-user-source="profile_button" data-has-google="false"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">add</span>Follow</button><button class="ds2-5-button hidden profile-cta-button grow js-profile-unfollow-button" data-broccoli-component="user-info.unfollow-button" 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class="ri-section"><div class="ri-section-header"><span>Interests</span></div><div class="ri-tags-container"><a data-click-track="profile-user-info-expand-research-interests" data-has-card-for-ri-list="131282" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/President"><div id="js-react-on-rails-context" style="display:none" data-rails-context="{"inMailer":false,"i18nLocale":"en","i18nDefaultLocale":"en","href":"https://necsi.academia.edu/YaneerBarYam","location":"/YaneerBarYam","scheme":"https","host":"necsi.academia.edu","port":null,"pathname":"/YaneerBarYam","search":null,"httpAcceptLanguage":null,"serverSide":false}"></div> <div class="js-react-on-rails-component" style="display:none" data-component-name="Pill" data-props="{"color":"gray","children":["President"]}" data-trace="false" data-dom-id="Pill-react-component-6c55cd0b-5ca9-451f-9162-c7961324353b"></div> <div id="Pill-react-component-6c55cd0b-5ca9-451f-9162-c7961324353b"></div> </a><a data-click-track="profile-user-info-expand-research-interests" data-has-card-for-ri-list="131282" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arab_Spring_Arab_Revolts_"><div class="js-react-on-rails-component" style="display:none" data-component-name="Pill" data-props="{"color":"gray","children":["Arab Spring (Arab Revolts)"]}" data-trace="false" data-dom-id="Pill-react-component-44727bdd-601a-42eb-8eb5-481d7aa7edf2"></div> <div id="Pill-react-component-44727bdd-601a-42eb-8eb5-481d7aa7edf2"></div> </a><a data-click-track="profile-user-info-expand-research-interests" data-has-card-for-ri-list="131282" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Revolutions"><div class="js-react-on-rails-component" style="display:none" data-component-name="Pill" data-props="{"color":"gray","children":["Revolutions"]}" data-trace="false" data-dom-id="Pill-react-component-50a2eefd-0d28-4655-a062-80dd77adabab"></div> <div id="Pill-react-component-50a2eefd-0d28-4655-a062-80dd77adabab"></div> </a><a data-click-track="profile-user-info-expand-research-interests" data-has-card-for-ri-list="131282" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_Riots"><div class="js-react-on-rails-component" style="display:none" data-component-name="Pill" data-props="{"color":"gray","children":["Food Riots"]}" data-trace="false" data-dom-id="Pill-react-component-c43dec37-9c5a-46cf-960a-ecb2895aace9"></div> <div id="Pill-react-component-c43dec37-9c5a-46cf-960a-ecb2895aace9"></div> </a></div></div></div></div><div class="right-panel-container"><div class="user-content-wrapper"><div class="uploads-container" id="social-redesign-work-container"><div class="upload-header"><h2 class="ds2-5-heading-sans-serif-xs">Uploads</h2></div><div class="nav-container backbone-profile-documents-nav hidden-xs"><ul class="nav-tablist" role="tablist"><li class="nav-chip active" role="presentation"><a data-section-name="" data-toggle="tab" href="#all" role="tab">all</a></li><li class="nav-chip" role="presentation"><a class="js-profile-docs-nav-section u-textTruncate" data-click-track="profile-works-tab" data-section-name="Books" data-toggle="tab" href="#books" role="tab" title="Books"><span>13</span> <span class="ds2-5-body-sm-bold">Books</span></a></li><li class="nav-chip" role="presentation"><a class="js-profile-docs-nav-section u-textTruncate" data-click-track="profile-works-tab" data-section-name="Papers" data-toggle="tab" href="#papers" role="tab" title="Papers"><span>66</span> <span class="ds2-5-body-sm-bold">Papers</span></a></li></ul></div><div class="divider ds-divider-16" style="margin: 0px;"></div><div class="documents-container backbone-social-profile-documents" style="width: 100%;"><div class="u-taCenter"></div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane active" id="all"><div class="profile--tab_heading_container js-section-heading" data-section="Books" id="Books"><h3 class="profile--tab_heading_container">Books by Yaneer Bar-Yam</h3></div><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="11535073"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/11535073/Conflict_and_Complexity"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Conflict and Complexity" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/11535073/Conflict_and_Complexity">Conflict and Complexity</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://americanmilitary.academia.edu/PhilFellman">Phil Fellman</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://uc.academia.edu/AliMinai">Ali Minai</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://necsi.academia.edu/YaneerBarYam">Yaneer Bar-Yam</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated"> This volume presents a complex systems approach to analyzing, modeling, understanding, and comba...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">This volume presents a complex systems approach to analyzing, modeling, understanding, and combating terrorism and conflict, and is a unique and timely contribution to a topic of critical importance. Much of the effort in this area has used—and continues to use—classical methods based on intelligence, statistical and game theoretic modeling, and military operations. The need for other methods has become increasingly clear. Recognizing and conflict, at least in part, as a social phenomenon suggests that methods that have succeeded in analyzing other social systems may also work well in this case. This has led to the application of network modeling and analysis to terrorism and conflict. Other complex systems concepts such as chaotic dynamics, self- organization, emergent patterns, and fractals have also been applied, generating important insights. This book reviews and discusses these efforts.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="11535073"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="11535073"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11535073; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11535073]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11535073]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11535073; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='11535073']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 11535073, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=11535073]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":11535073,"title":"Conflict and Complexity","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":" This volume presents a complex systems approach to analyzing, modeling, understanding, and combating terrorism and conflict, and is a unique and timely contribution to a topic of critical importance. 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Breaking down the barriers between physics, chemistry and biology and the so-called soft sciences of psychology, sociology, economics, and anthropology, this text explores the universal physical and mathematical principles that govern the emergence of complex systems from simple components.<br /><br />Dynamics of Complex Systems is the first text describing the modern unified study of complex systems. It is designed for upper-undergraduate/beginning graduate-level students, and covers a wide range of applications in a wide array of disciplines. A central goal of this text is to develop models and modeling techniques that are useful when applied to all complex systems. This is done by adopting both analytic tools, from statistical mechanics to stochastic dynamics, and computer simulation techniques, such as cellular automata and Monte Carlo. In four sets of paired, self-contained chapters, Yaneer Bar-Yam discusses complex systems in the context of neural networks, protein folding, living organisms, and finally, human civilization itself. He explores fundamental questions about the structure, dynamics, evolution, development and quantitative complexity that apply to all complex systems. 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Breaking down the barriers between physics, chemistry and biology and the so-called soft sciences of psychology, sociology, economics, and anthropology, this text explores the universal physical and mathematical principles that govern the emergence of complex systems from simple components.<br /><br />Dynamics of Complex Systems is the first text describing the modern unified study of complex systems. It is designed for upper-undergraduate/beginning graduate-level students, and covers a wide range of applications in a wide array of disciplines. A central goal of this text is to develop models and modeling techniques that are useful when applied to all complex systems. This is done by adopting both analytic tools, from statistical mechanics to stochastic dynamics, and computer simulation techniques, such as cellular automata and Monte Carlo. In four sets of paired, self-contained chapters, Yaneer Bar-Yam discusses complex systems in the context of neural networks, protein folding, living organisms, and finally, human civilization itself. He explores fundamental questions about the structure, dynamics, evolution, development and quantitative complexity that apply to all complex systems. 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The attractor network embodies the properties of an associative content-addressable memory. Memories are imprinted and are accessed by presenting the network with part of their content. Properties of the network can be studied using a signal-to-noise analysis and simulations. The capacity of the attractor network for storage of memories is proportional to the number of neurons. The feedforward network acts as an input-output system formed out of several layers of neurons. Using prototypes that indicate the desired outputs for a set of possible inputs, the feedforward network is trained by minimizing a cost function which measures the output error. The resulting training algorithm is called back-propagation of error. In order to study the overall function of the brain, an understanding of sub-structure and the interactions between parts of the brain is necessary. Feedforward networks illustrate one way to build a network out of parts. A second model of interacting subnetworks is a subdivided attractor network. A subdivided attractor network stores more than just the imprinted patterns—it stores composite patterns formed out of parts of the imprinted patterns. If these are patterns that an organism might encounter , then this is an advantage. Features of human visual processing, language and motor control illustrate the relevance of composite patterns. Analysis and simulations of subdivided attractor networks reveal that partial subdivision can balance a decline in the storage capacity of imprinted patterns with the potential advantages of composite patterns. However, this balance only allows direct control over composite pattern stability when the number of subdivisions is no more than approximately seven, suggesting a connection to the 7 ± 2 rule of short-term memory.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="4007719fb030faf6d6b15a7bb5e1fd60" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":47352481,"asset_id":27100864,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47352481/download_file?st=MTczMjc2MDUzOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="27100864"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="27100864"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 27100864; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=27100864]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=27100864]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 27100864; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='27100864']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 27100864, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "4007719fb030faf6d6b15a7bb5e1fd60" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=27100864]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":27100864,"title":"Dynamics of Complex Systems Chapter 2","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Motivated by the properties of biological neural networks, we introduce simple mathematical models whose properties may be explored and related to aspects of human information processing. 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Using prototypes that indicate the desired outputs for a set of possible inputs, the feedforward network is trained by minimizing a cost function which measures the output error. The resulting training algorithm is called back-propagation of error. In order to study the overall function of the brain, an understanding of sub-structure and the interactions between parts of the brain is necessary. Feedforward networks illustrate one way to build a network out of parts. A second model of interacting subnetworks is a subdivided attractor network. A subdivided attractor network stores more than just the imprinted patterns—it stores composite patterns formed out of parts of the imprinted patterns. If these are patterns that an organism might encounter , then this is an advantage. Features of human visual processing, language and motor control illustrate the relevance of composite patterns. Analysis and simulations of subdivided attractor networks reveal that partial subdivision can balance a decline in the storage capacity of imprinted patterns with the potential advantages of composite patterns. However, this balance only allows direct control over composite pattern stability when the number of subdivisions is no more than approximately seven, suggesting a connection to the 7 ± 2 rule of short-term memory.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/27100864/Dynamics_of_Complex_Systems_Chapter_2","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2016-07-19T07:26:51.922-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":131282,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"book","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":47352481,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/47352481/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Bar-YamChap2.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47352481/download_file?st=MTczMjc2MDUzOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Dynamics_of_Complex_Systems_Chapter_2.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/47352481/Bar-YamChap2-libre.pdf?1468938757=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DDynamics_of_Complex_Systems_Chapter_2.pdf\u0026Expires=1732764139\u0026Signature=dGPflesCop980munB2rLoC6R5btiCEtLiFtkxCAwFV1wf~5ep7x~9X~NPYR8WVGiZWon-b5MZ1-aKYvzI~reXeBc5Y20ZziWNi6gf-hoVNJaHznnzUikcNJmKv9q3Udg2VSy199Me-axrQTz4EGJqZW4E3bcDnBiNeoOSpjhJguqba7tAE0Iwb0ibHqEJLvZG32yvNzknBqbem73shPAchT0d6OyqYpCU7YyCVhFSmQcYSQtnpF8KRMaXm~OPCHpo2Hig8uydObMxtiEVhSDdxZA9vMEgnD4EwhrtHltkoBrgvwOz27ScWz0IUFqD0IMDIwtI-~V6FdLpFdneH2ekg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Dynamics_of_Complex_Systems_Chapter_2","translated_slug":"","page_count":76,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":131282,"first_name":"Yaneer","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Bar-Yam","page_name":"YaneerBarYam","domain_name":"necsi","created_at":"2010-02-11T08:12:03.049-08:00","display_name":"Yaneer Bar-Yam","url":"https://necsi.academia.edu/YaneerBarYam"},"attachments":[{"id":47352481,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/47352481/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Bar-YamChap2.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47352481/download_file?st=MTczMjc2MDUzOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Dynamics_of_Complex_Systems_Chapter_2.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/47352481/Bar-YamChap2-libre.pdf?1468938757=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DDynamics_of_Complex_Systems_Chapter_2.pdf\u0026Expires=1732764139\u0026Signature=dGPflesCop980munB2rLoC6R5btiCEtLiFtkxCAwFV1wf~5ep7x~9X~NPYR8WVGiZWon-b5MZ1-aKYvzI~reXeBc5Y20ZziWNi6gf-hoVNJaHznnzUikcNJmKv9q3Udg2VSy199Me-axrQTz4EGJqZW4E3bcDnBiNeoOSpjhJguqba7tAE0Iwb0ibHqEJLvZG32yvNzknBqbem73shPAchT0d6OyqYpCU7YyCVhFSmQcYSQtnpF8KRMaXm~OPCHpo2Hig8uydObMxtiEVhSDdxZA9vMEgnD4EwhrtHltkoBrgvwOz27ScWz0IUFqD0IMDIwtI-~V6FdLpFdneH2ekg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":851,"name":"Complex Systems Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Complex_Systems_Science"}],"urls":[{"id":7340849,"url":"http://necsi.edu/publications/dcs/index.html"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="27100873"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/27100873/Dynamics_of_Complex_Systems_Chapter_3"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Dynamics of Complex Systems Chapter 3" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/47352488/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/27100873/Dynamics_of_Complex_Systems_Chapter_3">Dynamics of Complex Systems Chapter 3</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The training of a model network that has subdivisions requires a process that can train synapses ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The training of a model network that has subdivisions requires a process that can train synapses within subdivisions and between subdivisions without subjecting either to overload. A natural solution to this problem involves taking the network " off-line, " so that a filtering of memories can occur when the network is dissociated. This is a possible model for the role of sleep in human information-processing that explains some of the unusual features of sleep and suggests new experiments that can be performed. Various features of human information-processing, including the learning of associations, pattern recognition, creativity, individuality and consciousness can be discussed within the context of neural network models. Efforts to describe and explain the higher information-processing tasks that human beings are capable of performing have always generated tension and concern. There has been a tendency to elevate these processes outside of the domain of the physical world, or to mystify them,through a characterization as infinite and incomprehensible. This tendency may arise from the desire to maintain a uniqueness of and importance to our own capabilities. We will adopt the contrary point of view that our capabilities are fundamentally comprehensible. However, it turns out that this does not diminish a quality of uniqueness and importance. If anything, it shows us how this importance arises. We begin to tackle the task of explaining aspects of human information-processing in this chapter. However, we will not conclude our discussion until we have described complexity in the context of human civilization in Chapter 9. We start in Section 3.1 by considering the training of subdivided net works and the role of sleep in human information-processing. This section is an essential sequel to the discussion in the last chapter that introduced subdivision. 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We will adopt the contrary point of view that our capabilities are fundamentally comprehensible. However, it turns out that this does not diminish a quality of uniqueness and importance. If anything, it shows us how this importance arises. We begin to tackle the task of explaining aspects of human information-processing in this chapter. However, we will not conclude our discussion until we have described complexity in the context of human civilization in Chapter 9. We start in Section 3.1 by considering the training of subdivided net works and the role of sleep in human information-processing. This section is an essential sequel to the discussion in the last chapter that introduced subdivision. The problem is to develop a systematic approach to the training of subdivided networks .","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/27100873/Dynamics_of_Complex_Systems_Chapter_3","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2016-07-19T07:27:47.063-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":131282,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"book","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":47352488,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/47352488/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Bar-YamChap3.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47352488/download_file?st=MTczMjc2MDUzOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Dynamics_of_Complex_Systems_Chapter_3.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/47352488/Bar-YamChap3-libre.pdf?1468938752=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DDynamics_of_Complex_Systems_Chapter_3.pdf\u0026Expires=1732764139\u0026Signature=TLYfFl8xkn7GF3X64RKc8hpgUlQxL44188ZI1aQHKFxNV7jN~kN10zUnUkKA~vp72lgOb1T5-kEU4y7EIp-qKYZEp3i3sGhYH-7rxhOCmvdzGHO3ndg6C8L7qPlZX4cTDzUYoeVEu3zbI0ATAwi7ffTso6tfFfhWaa7PHa5dx~CIKb8C027Sj3sZROkUA56WT-3SbfJpZw2RkFnkjywGpbl9lMD4wrX9kTeE83974VXwbk67YzZGLp7eSgon8oQ90Zd0Lj~KTxDzDHsizOOzJgM~0TMY0ZfBMOtvr~LKJkF0P8FIHYSM-DlrLr3BPoeXofmzPj01HR~gIOjzqxVzNQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Dynamics_of_Complex_Systems_Chapter_3","translated_slug":"","page_count":49,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":131282,"first_name":"Yaneer","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Bar-Yam","page_name":"YaneerBarYam","domain_name":"necsi","created_at":"2010-02-11T08:12:03.049-08:00","display_name":"Yaneer Bar-Yam","url":"https://necsi.academia.edu/YaneerBarYam"},"attachments":[{"id":47352488,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/47352488/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Bar-YamChap3.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47352488/download_file?st=MTczMjc2MDUzOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Dynamics_of_Complex_Systems_Chapter_3.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/47352488/Bar-YamChap3-libre.pdf?1468938752=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DDynamics_of_Complex_Systems_Chapter_3.pdf\u0026Expires=1732764139\u0026Signature=TLYfFl8xkn7GF3X64RKc8hpgUlQxL44188ZI1aQHKFxNV7jN~kN10zUnUkKA~vp72lgOb1T5-kEU4y7EIp-qKYZEp3i3sGhYH-7rxhOCmvdzGHO3ndg6C8L7qPlZX4cTDzUYoeVEu3zbI0ATAwi7ffTso6tfFfhWaa7PHa5dx~CIKb8C027Sj3sZROkUA56WT-3SbfJpZw2RkFnkjywGpbl9lMD4wrX9kTeE83974VXwbk67YzZGLp7eSgon8oQ90Zd0Lj~KTxDzDHsizOOzJgM~0TMY0ZfBMOtvr~LKJkF0P8FIHYSM-DlrLr3BPoeXofmzPj01HR~gIOjzqxVzNQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":851,"name":"Complex Systems Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Complex_Systems_Science"}],"urls":[{"id":7340850,"url":"http://necsi.edu/publications/dcs/index.html"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="27100940"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/27100940/Dynamics_of_Complex_Systems_Chapter_4"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Dynamics of Complex Systems Chapter 4" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/47352511/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/27100940/Dynamics_of_Complex_Systems_Chapter_4">Dynamics of Complex Systems Chapter 4</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The simplest question about dynamics—how long does a process take?— becomes particularly relevant...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The simplest question about dynamics—how long does a process take?— becomes particularly relevant when the time may be so long that the process cannot happen at all. A fundamental problem associated with the dynamics of protein folding is understanding how a system of many interacting elements can reach a desired structure in a reasonable time. In this chapter, we discuss the parallel-processing idea for resolving this problem; kinetic pathways will be considered in the next chapter. Parallel processing and interdependence are at odds and must be balanced in the design of complex systems. We use finite-size Ising type models to explore the nature of interactions that can allow a system to relax in a time that grows less than exponentially in the size of the system. These models illustrate various ways to realize the parallel-processing idea. The simplest idealization of parallel processing is the case of completely independent spins. We discuss a two-spin model as a first example of how such a system relaxes. Various homogeneous models illustrate some of the properties that enable systems to relax in a time that grows no more than a power law in the system size. These include ideal parallel processing, and nucleation and growth of a stable state from a metastable state. The models also illustrate cases where exponential growth in the relaxation time can prevent systems from relaxing. Inhomogeneous models extend the range of possibilities for interaction architectures that still allow a reasonable relaxation time. Among these are space and time partitioning and preselected initial conditions. However, inhomogeneous long-range interactions generally lead to an exponential growth of relaxation time with system size.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="b2d758139ae14c6de40d54005ab2becd" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":47352511,"asset_id":27100940,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47352511/download_file?st=MTczMjc2MDUzOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="27100940"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="27100940"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 27100940; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=27100940]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=27100940]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 27100940; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='27100940']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 27100940, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "b2d758139ae14c6de40d54005ab2becd" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=27100940]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":27100940,"title":"Dynamics of Complex Systems Chapter 4","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The simplest question about dynamics—how long does a process take?— becomes particularly relevant when the time may be so long that the process cannot happen at all. 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A fundamental problem associated with the dynamics of protein folding is understanding how a system of many interacting elements can reach a desired structure in a reasonable time. In this chapter, we discuss the parallel-processing idea for resolving this problem; kinetic pathways will be considered in the next chapter. Parallel processing and interdependence are at odds and must be balanced in the design of complex systems. We use finite-size Ising type models to explore the nature of interactions that can allow a system to relax in a time that grows less than exponentially in the size of the system. These models illustrate various ways to realize the parallel-processing idea. The simplest idealization of parallel processing is the case of completely independent spins. We discuss a two-spin model as a first example of how such a system relaxes. Various homogeneous models illustrate some of the properties that enable systems to relax in a time that grows no more than a power law in the system size. These include ideal parallel processing, and nucleation and growth of a stable state from a metastable state. The models also illustrate cases where exponential growth in the relaxation time can prevent systems from relaxing. Inhomogeneous models extend the range of possibilities for interaction architectures that still allow a reasonable relaxation time. Among these are space and time partitioning and preselected initial conditions. However, inhomogeneous long-range interactions generally lead to an exponential growth of relaxation time with system size.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/27100940/Dynamics_of_Complex_Systems_Chapter_4","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2016-07-19T07:30:50.530-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":131282,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"book","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":47352511,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/47352511/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Bar-YamChap4.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47352511/download_file?st=MTczMjc2MDUzOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Dynamics_of_Complex_Systems_Chapter_4.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/47352511/Bar-YamChap4-libre.pdf?1468938925=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DDynamics_of_Complex_Systems_Chapter_4.pdf\u0026Expires=1732764139\u0026Signature=FvJfr~JFzYiD3RG-Xh0HeM7prH1Y7Eaa~2ytbwlhJHZH6nKdJMOcnsWBMzptDldcv5o3sHrfe~sZl9oaPZlZ8N-QwvezLv0M7WT9Jlrv8bQeoRML8RLSfdDbhLLieowQ6PrO1GwlRKGOg0-dTauwILm0XRPLevYGxHxHebiW0QxuftZ4ovIeHcLosWX21iSkMqViqPxd1v4fA0O-YrSZFS5ErCS8lqOKn4WPN0rZRqlPXfyNe4fh54CDRS3TfMjFlbxZUe6mPUYBCJmd010qGCVRhlC9bFzs-OhPIOw0byceWcvONcMzi4hPgHbLJFyX20Zl2jnLIxa4gYk8j-z6nA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Dynamics_of_Complex_Systems_Chapter_4","translated_slug":"","page_count":52,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":131282,"first_name":"Yaneer","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Bar-Yam","page_name":"YaneerBarYam","domain_name":"necsi","created_at":"2010-02-11T08:12:03.049-08:00","display_name":"Yaneer Bar-Yam","url":"https://necsi.academia.edu/YaneerBarYam"},"attachments":[{"id":47352511,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/47352511/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Bar-YamChap4.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47352511/download_file?st=MTczMjc2MDUzOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Dynamics_of_Complex_Systems_Chapter_4.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/47352511/Bar-YamChap4-libre.pdf?1468938925=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DDynamics_of_Complex_Systems_Chapter_4.pdf\u0026Expires=1732764139\u0026Signature=FvJfr~JFzYiD3RG-Xh0HeM7prH1Y7Eaa~2ytbwlhJHZH6nKdJMOcnsWBMzptDldcv5o3sHrfe~sZl9oaPZlZ8N-QwvezLv0M7WT9Jlrv8bQeoRML8RLSfdDbhLLieowQ6PrO1GwlRKGOg0-dTauwILm0XRPLevYGxHxHebiW0QxuftZ4ovIeHcLosWX21iSkMqViqPxd1v4fA0O-YrSZFS5ErCS8lqOKn4WPN0rZRqlPXfyNe4fh54CDRS3TfMjFlbxZUe6mPUYBCJmd010qGCVRhlC9bFzs-OhPIOw0byceWcvONcMzi4hPgHbLJFyX20Zl2jnLIxa4gYk8j-z6nA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":851,"name":"Complex Systems Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Complex_Systems_Science"}],"urls":[{"id":7340851,"url":"http://necsi.edu/publications/dcs/index.html"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="27100953"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/27100953/Dynamics_of_Complex_Systems_Chapter_5"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Dynamics of Complex Systems Chapter 5" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/47352519/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/27100953/Dynamics_of_Complex_Systems_Chapter_5">Dynamics of Complex Systems Chapter 5</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">When kinetics limits the domain of phase space explored by a system, the scaling of the relaxatio...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">When kinetics limits the domain of phase space explored by a system, the scaling of the relaxation time (N) may be smaller than exponential. Polymers in a liquid can be in an expanded or compact form. The transition between the two—poly-mer collapse—is a prototype of protein folding. Using simulations, we will explore possible origins of kinetic limitations in the phase space exploration of long polymers during collapse. Before we study collapse, we must understand the properties of polymers in their expanded state in good solvent. Simple arguments can tell us the scaling of polymer size, R (N) ~ N. The time scale of relaxation of a polymer from one confor-mation to another follows either Rouse (N) ~ N 2 +1 or Zimm (N) ~ N 3 scaling, depending on the assumptions used. Polymer simulations can be constructed in various forms. As long as they respect polymer connectivity and excluded volume, the behavior of long polymers is correctly reproduced. A two-space model where monomers alternate between spaces along the chain is a simple and convenient cellular automaton algorithm. During polymer collapse monomers bond and aggregate. Simulations of collapse and scaling arguments suggest that the aggregation occurs primarily at the ends of the polymer because of the greater flexibility of polymer-end motion. Thus the aggregates at the end appear to diffuse along the polymer contour accreting monomers and smaller aggregates until they meet in the middle. This results in an aggregation process that is systematically ordered by the kinetics. The end-dominated collapse-time scales linearly with polymer length, which is faster than the usual polymer relaxation. The orderly formation of bonds in end-dominated collapse also suggests that kinetics may constrain the possible monomer-monomer bonds that are formed and thus limit the domain of phase space that is explored in protein folding.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="99240f74b5e8d47e6b4fea9618decbb2" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":47352519,"asset_id":27100953,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47352519/download_file?st=MTczMjc2MDUzOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="27100953"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="27100953"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 27100953; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=27100953]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=27100953]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 27100953; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='27100953']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 27100953, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "99240f74b5e8d47e6b4fea9618decbb2" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=27100953]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":27100953,"title":"Dynamics of Complex Systems Chapter 5","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"When kinetics limits the domain of phase space explored by a system, the scaling of the relaxation time (N) may be smaller than exponential. Polymers in a liquid can be in an expanded or compact form. The transition between the two—poly-mer collapse—is a prototype of protein folding. Using simulations, we will explore possible origins of kinetic limitations in the phase space exploration of long polymers during collapse. Before we study collapse, we must understand the properties of polymers in their expanded state in good solvent. Simple arguments can tell us the scaling of polymer size, R (N) ~ N. The time scale of relaxation of a polymer from one confor-mation to another follows either Rouse (N) ~ N 2 +1 or Zimm (N) ~ N 3 scaling, depending on the assumptions used. Polymer simulations can be constructed in various forms. As long as they respect polymer connectivity and excluded volume, the behavior of long polymers is correctly reproduced. A two-space model where monomers alternate between spaces along the chain is a simple and convenient cellular automaton algorithm. During polymer collapse monomers bond and aggregate. Simulations of collapse and scaling arguments suggest that the aggregation occurs primarily at the ends of the polymer because of the greater flexibility of polymer-end motion. Thus the aggregates at the end appear to diffuse along the polymer contour accreting monomers and smaller aggregates until they meet in the middle. This results in an aggregation process that is systematically ordered by the kinetics. The end-dominated collapse-time scales linearly with polymer length, which is faster than the usual polymer relaxation. The orderly formation of bonds in end-dominated collapse also suggests that kinetics may constrain the possible monomer-monomer bonds that are formed and thus limit the domain of phase space that is explored in protein folding."},"translated_abstract":"When kinetics limits the domain of phase space explored by a system, the scaling of the relaxation time (N) may be smaller than exponential. Polymers in a liquid can be in an expanded or compact form. The transition between the two—poly-mer collapse—is a prototype of protein folding. Using simulations, we will explore possible origins of kinetic limitations in the phase space exploration of long polymers during collapse. Before we study collapse, we must understand the properties of polymers in their expanded state in good solvent. Simple arguments can tell us the scaling of polymer size, R (N) ~ N. The time scale of relaxation of a polymer from one confor-mation to another follows either Rouse (N) ~ N 2 +1 or Zimm (N) ~ N 3 scaling, depending on the assumptions used. Polymer simulations can be constructed in various forms. As long as they respect polymer connectivity and excluded volume, the behavior of long polymers is correctly reproduced. A two-space model where monomers alternate between spaces along the chain is a simple and convenient cellular automaton algorithm. During polymer collapse monomers bond and aggregate. Simulations of collapse and scaling arguments suggest that the aggregation occurs primarily at the ends of the polymer because of the greater flexibility of polymer-end motion. Thus the aggregates at the end appear to diffuse along the polymer contour accreting monomers and smaller aggregates until they meet in the middle. This results in an aggregation process that is systematically ordered by the kinetics. The end-dominated collapse-time scales linearly with polymer length, which is faster than the usual polymer relaxation. The orderly formation of bonds in end-dominated collapse also suggests that kinetics may constrain the possible monomer-monomer bonds that are formed and thus limit the domain of phase space that is explored in protein folding.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/27100953/Dynamics_of_Complex_Systems_Chapter_5","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2016-07-19T07:31:30.684-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":131282,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"book","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":47352519,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/47352519/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Bar-YamChap5.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47352519/download_file?st=MTczMjc2MDUzOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Dynamics_of_Complex_Systems_Chapter_5.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/47352519/Bar-YamChap5-libre.pdf?1468938927=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DDynamics_of_Complex_Systems_Chapter_5.pdf\u0026Expires=1732764139\u0026Signature=XdMannVD9X7j-JGCg-cXvsWCDlttE9YQRZUZjhI9dWQIpJ7Mue7WkzKGgG2FXjWi3EiSYvgTjiS-OjW8z7ovKQ4NZRb9AUmiKsdZ1UP9b~gogI-Hfd7nr2D1EfMH0ndGd3v2Rb5ZEvzKjQDOW0LNFhsQmFuF89x6t84yA-a2qr3izn2FWWGT-cry6Kg5XyAEYkWuX5SXVycga~V~1RRhoaR-lyrAFvBnPE2UicDZnKtXfajgmxRSlDWYbjs-bsQPeRSKEforbJ4W74Uln8McvloEOaPWkVKXdGO77mGrRwvq0cy6i1MrhBR3YqIQxZ5FHF0pvzTEOqUXontt4lwK-A__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Dynamics_of_Complex_Systems_Chapter_5","translated_slug":"","page_count":56,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":131282,"first_name":"Yaneer","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Bar-Yam","page_name":"YaneerBarYam","domain_name":"necsi","created_at":"2010-02-11T08:12:03.049-08:00","display_name":"Yaneer Bar-Yam","url":"https://necsi.academia.edu/YaneerBarYam"},"attachments":[{"id":47352519,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/47352519/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Bar-YamChap5.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47352519/download_file?st=MTczMjc2MDUzOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Dynamics_of_Complex_Systems_Chapter_5.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/47352519/Bar-YamChap5-libre.pdf?1468938927=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DDynamics_of_Complex_Systems_Chapter_5.pdf\u0026Expires=1732764139\u0026Signature=XdMannVD9X7j-JGCg-cXvsWCDlttE9YQRZUZjhI9dWQIpJ7Mue7WkzKGgG2FXjWi3EiSYvgTjiS-OjW8z7ovKQ4NZRb9AUmiKsdZ1UP9b~gogI-Hfd7nr2D1EfMH0ndGd3v2Rb5ZEvzKjQDOW0LNFhsQmFuF89x6t84yA-a2qr3izn2FWWGT-cry6Kg5XyAEYkWuX5SXVycga~V~1RRhoaR-lyrAFvBnPE2UicDZnKtXfajgmxRSlDWYbjs-bsQPeRSKEforbJ4W74Uln8McvloEOaPWkVKXdGO77mGrRwvq0cy6i1MrhBR3YqIQxZ5FHF0pvzTEOqUXontt4lwK-A__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":851,"name":"Complex Systems Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Complex_Systems_Science"}],"urls":[{"id":7340852,"url":"http://necsi.edu/publications/dcs/index.html"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="27100962"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/27100962/Dynamics_of_Complex_Systems_Chapter_6"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Dynamics of Complex Systems Chapter 6" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/47352526/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/27100962/Dynamics_of_Complex_Systems_Chapter_6">Dynamics of Complex Systems Chapter 6</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The study of complex systems in a unified framework has become recognized in recent years as a ne...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The study of complex systems in a unified framework has become recognized in recent years as a new scientific discipline, the ultimate of interdisciplinary fields. Breaking down the barriers between physics, chemistry and biology and the so-called soft sciences of psychology, sociology, economics, and anthropology, this text explores the universal physical and mathematical principles that govern the emergence of complex systems from simple components.<br /><br />Dynamics of Complex Systems is the first text describing the modern unified study of complex systems. It is designed for upper-undergraduate/beginning graduate-level students, and covers a wide range of applications in a wide array of disciplines. A central goal of this text is to develop models and modeling techniques that are useful when applied to all complex systems. This is done by adopting both analytic tools, from statistical mechanics to stochastic dynamics, and computer simulation techniques, such as cellular automata and Monte Carlo. In four sets of paired, self-contained chapters, Yaneer Bar-Yam discusses complex systems in the context of neural networks, protein folding, living organisms, and finally, human civilization itself. He explores fundamental questions about the structure, dynamics, evolution, development and quantitative complexity that apply to all complex systems. In the first chapter, mathematical foundations such as iterative maps and chaos, probability theory and random walks, thermodynamics, information and computation theory, fractals and scaling, are reviewed to enable the text to be read by students and researchers with a variety of backgrounds.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="39a9245f845ef17f643547743609cf2e" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":47352526,"asset_id":27100962,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47352526/download_file?st=MTczMjc2MDUzOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="27100962"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="27100962"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 27100962; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=27100962]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=27100962]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 27100962; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='27100962']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 27100962, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "39a9245f845ef17f643547743609cf2e" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=27100962]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":27100962,"title":"Dynamics of Complex Systems Chapter 6","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The study of complex systems in a unified framework has become recognized in recent years as a new scientific discipline, the ultimate of interdisciplinary fields. 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Breaking down the barriers between physics, chemistry and biology and the so-called soft sciences of psychology, sociology, economics, and anthropology, this text explores the universal physical and mathematical principles that govern the emergence of complex systems from simple components.\n\nDynamics of Complex Systems is the first text describing the modern unified study of complex systems. It is designed for upper-undergraduate/beginning graduate-level students, and covers a wide range of applications in a wide array of disciplines. A central goal of this text is to develop models and modeling techniques that are useful when applied to all complex systems. This is done by adopting both analytic tools, from statistical mechanics to stochastic dynamics, and computer simulation techniques, such as cellular automata and Monte Carlo. 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This process involves placing different structures in particular locations and interconnecting them. To model differentiation we focus on the formation of color patterns on animal skins that have a variety of forms. Cellular automaton models show the relevance of local activation and long-range inhibition of pigment production to the formation of patterns. Chemical reaction-diffusion systems illustrate similar patterns using slow-and fast-diffusing species. Other elements of the tool kit for developmental processes include mechanisms for changes in cell structure, cell motion, timing and counting. Of particular interest are sequential steps (programs) that can form branching structures. Theoretical modeling can better complement phenomenological studies of biological systems if the different objectives of theory and experiment are recognized. The approach of developmental biology to the design of complex systems may be a useful framework for considering the design of complex artificial systems. Models of pattern formation may be better suited to discussions of global properties of the evolution of organisms than the models discussed in Chapter 6.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="1312af32299bc521fed9d3579aa29fe9" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":47352531,"asset_id":27100971,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47352531/download_file?st=MTczMjc2MDUzOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="27100971"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="27100971"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 27100971; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=27100971]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=27100971]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 27100971; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='27100971']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 27100971, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "1312af32299bc521fed9d3579aa29fe9" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=27100971]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":27100971,"title":"Dynamics of Complex Systems Chapter 7","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Developmental biology strives to understand the sequence of events by which a single cell becomes a system of many differentiated interacting cells. 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We use this problem to motivate our study of the definition of complexity. The mathematical definition of the complexity of character strings follows from information theory. This theory is generalized by algorithmic complexity to allow all possible algorithms that can compress the strings. The complexity of a string is defined as the length of the shortest binary input to a universal Turing machine, such that the output is the string. The use of mappings from strings onto system states allows us to apply the concepts of algorithmic complexity to physical systems. However, the complexity of describing a microstate of the system is not really what we mean by system complexity. We define and study the complexity profile, which is the complexity of a system observed with a certain precision in space and time. We estimate the complexity of various systems, focusing on the complexity of a human being. Our final estimate is based upon a combination of the length of descriptions in human language, genetic information in DNA, and component counting.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="6358f145d7d3a539d397a1a569dde8e2" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":47352537,"asset_id":27100977,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47352537/download_file?st=MTczMjc2MDUzOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="27100977"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="27100977"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 27100977; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=27100977]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=27100977]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 27100977; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='27100977']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 27100977, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "6358f145d7d3a539d397a1a569dde8e2" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=27100977]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":27100977,"title":"Dynamics of Complex Systems Chapter 8","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Our ultimate objective is to consider the relationship of a human being to human civilization, where human civilization is considered as a complex system. 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Our final estimate is based upon a combination of the length of descriptions in human language, genetic information in DNA, and component counting."},"translated_abstract":"Our ultimate objective is to consider the relationship of a human being to human civilization, where human civilization is considered as a complex system. We use this problem to motivate our study of the definition of complexity. The mathematical definition of the complexity of character strings follows from information theory. This theory is generalized by algorithmic complexity to allow all possible algorithms that can compress the strings. The complexity of a string is defined as the length of the shortest binary input to a universal Turing machine, such that the output is the string. The use of mappings from strings onto system states allows us to apply the concepts of algorithmic complexity to physical systems. However, the complexity of describing a microstate of the system is not really what we mean by system complexity. We define and study the complexity profile, which is the complexity of a system observed with a certain precision in space and time. We estimate the complexity of various systems, focusing on the complexity of a human being. Our final estimate is based upon a combination of the length of descriptions in human language, genetic information in DNA, and component counting.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/27100977/Dynamics_of_Complex_Systems_Chapter_8","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2016-07-19T07:33:28.910-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":131282,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"book","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":47352537,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/47352537/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Bar-YamChap8.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47352537/download_file?st=MTczMjc2MDUzOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Dynamics_of_Complex_Systems_Chapter_8.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/47352537/Bar-YamChap8-libre.pdf?1468939215=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DDynamics_of_Complex_Systems_Chapter_8.pdf\u0026Expires=1732764139\u0026Signature=EUG947fX-93eXBbEhK0QmFSkhqSrwoROeKh4yOZAntAhS4vr~dhItspoFT07WvodMCODRc~YeyQnjoCkppowrZ6q72fhM23cV7z7dGWZExAPq9h21-jXydCtaUaY9BSBjXWUH6BkSN7X9fZz3alhD5C1kpRTCQxL~51QvRBR2coxWiHfjDNvfmjEbCZWLQ0jBy5KcDJRnk3DrlZFxHazozr7O4DJjXfgMe9lEBpYRP5yFEeQwi1KYEVJrNOlm3vkFFmGTpAOdIBRwSAjx7bXZo5mpz~wPSdiLuyULOGvYn5AeXaODVnzLl50LZDHCf9uipnS0sHxpIcJS2pUHRUTgQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Dynamics_of_Complex_Systems_Chapter_8","translated_slug":"","page_count":83,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":131282,"first_name":"Yaneer","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Bar-Yam","page_name":"YaneerBarYam","domain_name":"necsi","created_at":"2010-02-11T08:12:03.049-08:00","display_name":"Yaneer Bar-Yam","url":"https://necsi.academia.edu/YaneerBarYam"},"attachments":[{"id":47352537,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/47352537/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Bar-YamChap8.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47352537/download_file?st=MTczMjc2MDUzOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Dynamics_of_Complex_Systems_Chapter_8.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/47352537/Bar-YamChap8-libre.pdf?1468939215=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DDynamics_of_Complex_Systems_Chapter_8.pdf\u0026Expires=1732764139\u0026Signature=EUG947fX-93eXBbEhK0QmFSkhqSrwoROeKh4yOZAntAhS4vr~dhItspoFT07WvodMCODRc~YeyQnjoCkppowrZ6q72fhM23cV7z7dGWZExAPq9h21-jXydCtaUaY9BSBjXWUH6BkSN7X9fZz3alhD5C1kpRTCQxL~51QvRBR2coxWiHfjDNvfmjEbCZWLQ0jBy5KcDJRnk3DrlZFxHazozr7O4DJjXfgMe9lEBpYRP5yFEeQwi1KYEVJrNOlm3vkFFmGTpAOdIBRwSAjx7bXZo5mpz~wPSdiLuyULOGvYn5AeXaODVnzLl50LZDHCf9uipnS0sHxpIcJS2pUHRUTgQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":851,"name":"Complex Systems Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Complex_Systems_Science"}],"urls":[{"id":7340864,"url":"http://necsi.edu/publications/dcs/index.html"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="27100984"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/27100984/Dynamics_of_Complex_Systems_Chapter_9"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Dynamics of Complex Systems Chapter 9" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/47352548/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/27100984/Dynamics_of_Complex_Systems_Chapter_9">Dynamics of Complex Systems Chapter 9</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The study of complex systems in a unified framework has become recognized in recent years as a ne...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The study of complex systems in a unified framework has become recognized in recent years as a new scientific discipline, the ultimate of interdisciplinary fields. Breaking down the barriers between physics, chemistry and biology and the so-called soft sciences of psychology, sociology, economics, and anthropology, this text explores the universal physical and mathematical principles that govern the emergence of complex systems from simple components.<br /><br />Dynamics of Complex Systems is the first text describing the modern unified study of complex systems. It is designed for upper-undergraduate/beginning graduate-level students, and covers a wide range of applications in a wide array of disciplines. A central goal of this text is to develop models and modeling techniques that are useful when applied to all complex systems. This is done by adopting both analytic tools, from statistical mechanics to stochastic dynamics, and computer simulation techniques, such as cellular automata and Monte Carlo. In four sets of paired, self-contained chapters, Yaneer Bar-Yam discusses complex systems in the context of neural networks, protein folding, living organisms, and finally, human civilization itself. He explores fundamental questions about the structure, dynamics, evolution, development and quantitative complexity that apply to all complex systems. In the first chapter, mathematical foundations such as iterative maps and chaos, probability theory and random walks, thermodynamics, information and computation theory, fractals and scaling, are reviewed to enable the text to be read by students and researchers with a variety of backgrounds.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="016dd7d828536fc98cb8f8aec19af396" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":47352548,"asset_id":27100984,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47352548/download_file?st=MTczMjc2MDU0MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="27100984"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="27100984"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 27100984; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=27100984]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=27100984]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 27100984; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='27100984']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 27100984, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "016dd7d828536fc98cb8f8aec19af396" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=27100984]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":27100984,"title":"Dynamics of Complex Systems Chapter 9","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The study of complex systems in a unified framework has become recognized in recent years as a new scientific discipline, the ultimate of interdisciplinary fields. 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In four sets of paired, self-contained chapters, Yaneer Bar-Yam discusses complex systems in the context of neural networks, protein folding, living organisms, and finally, human civilization itself. He explores fundamental questions about the structure, dynamics, evolution, development and quantitative complexity that apply to all complex systems. In the first chapter, mathematical foundations such as iterative maps and chaos, probability theory and random walks, thermodynamics, information and computation theory, fractals and scaling, are reviewed to enable the text to be read by students and researchers with a variety of backgrounds."},"translated_abstract":"The study of complex systems in a unified framework has become recognized in recent years as a new scientific discipline, the ultimate of interdisciplinary fields. 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The range of topics di...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The following is a list of additional readings rather than a bibliography. The range of topics discussed in this text does not allow for a comprehensive bibliography. Our focus is on the effort to develop concepts and methodologies that enable the study of complex systems in a unified manner. Nevertheless, this effort must be informed by many fields and their phenomenologies. The following list attempts to address this by providing accepted keywords for literature searches as provided by the Library of Congress. In addition to the keywords,a few references are provided with comments. Many of these texts were obtained from literature searches, and have been checked as relevant to the concepts we have been discussing. These references serve several purposes. First,they provide the student with an opportunity to pursue the phenomenology or theory in greater depth. Second, in a more specific domain, they provide a point of entry into the literature through a bibliography. Third, some references have an approach that is particularly compatible with the material presented in this text, or to the field of complex systems generally. This list,however, does not serve three conventional purposes. It does not serve to trace the historical origin of concepts presented, or to motivate them from phenomenological grounds, or to prove them using experimental observations. Any of these would be a worthwhile but equally challenging endeavor to the objective of demonstrating the unity of concepts, which is the motivating force behind this text. As is fitting for concepts that are to be a general underpinning of our understanding of complex systems, points made in this book appear in many contexts in the literature. A stronger statement may be made—the g enerality of the concepts presented in this text must imply that there are many ways to arrive at them,and many conclusions that may be drawn from them that can be compared with a large body of experimental literature. The effort in this text to draw conclusions from a very small set of assumptions is only a beginning in the effort to understand how widely applicable such concepts can be. In the few cases where we have made a greater effort to make contact with specific phenomenology and thus where support is necessary for material presented in the text (e.g. the discussion of sleep in Chapter 3), we have provided a few more specific references. There are a remarkable number of popular or semipopular books on various concepts in the study of complex systems. For a number of reasons these books have appeared instead of textbooks. They are of two types: books written by observers of the field, and books written by researchers presenting their ideas to a popular audience.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="972896d4856a92d55797af43ad80b8bb" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":47352556,"asset_id":27100990,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47352556/download_file?st=MTczMjc2MDU0MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="27100990"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="27100990"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 27100990; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=27100990]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=27100990]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 27100990; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='27100990']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 27100990, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "972896d4856a92d55797af43ad80b8bb" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=27100990]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":27100990,"title":"Dynamics of Complex Systems Additional Readings","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The following is a list of additional readings rather than a bibliography. The range of topics discussed in this text does not allow for a comprehensive bibliography. Our focus is on the effort to develop concepts and methodologies that enable the study of complex systems in a unified manner. Nevertheless, this effort must be informed by many fields and their phenomenologies. The following list attempts to address this by providing accepted keywords for literature searches as provided by the Library of Congress. In addition to the keywords,a few references are provided with comments. Many of these texts were obtained from literature searches, and have been checked as relevant to the concepts we have been discussing. These references serve several purposes. First,they provide the student with an opportunity to pursue the phenomenology or theory in greater depth. Second, in a more specific domain, they provide a point of entry into the literature through a bibliography. Third, some references have an approach that is particularly compatible with the material presented in this text, or to the field of complex systems generally. This list,however, does not serve three conventional purposes. It does not serve to trace the historical origin of concepts presented, or to motivate them from phenomenological grounds, or to prove them using experimental observations. Any of these would be a worthwhile but equally challenging endeavor to the objective of demonstrating the unity of concepts, which is the motivating force behind this text. As is fitting for concepts that are to be a general underpinning of our understanding of complex systems, points made in this book appear in many contexts in the literature. A stronger statement may be made—the g enerality of the concepts presented in this text must imply that there are many ways to arrive at them,and many conclusions that may be drawn from them that can be compared with a large body of experimental literature. The effort in this text to draw conclusions from a very small set of assumptions is only a beginning in the effort to understand how widely applicable such concepts can be. In the few cases where we have made a greater effort to make contact with specific phenomenology and thus where support is necessary for material presented in the text (e.g. the discussion of sleep in Chapter 3), we have provided a few more specific references. There are a remarkable number of popular or semipopular books on various concepts in the study of complex systems. For a number of reasons these books have appeared instead of textbooks. They are of two types: books written by observers of the field, and books written by researchers presenting their ideas to a popular audience."},"translated_abstract":"The following is a list of additional readings rather than a bibliography. The range of topics discussed in this text does not allow for a comprehensive bibliography. Our focus is on the effort to develop concepts and methodologies that enable the study of complex systems in a unified manner. Nevertheless, this effort must be informed by many fields and their phenomenologies. The following list attempts to address this by providing accepted keywords for literature searches as provided by the Library of Congress. In addition to the keywords,a few references are provided with comments. Many of these texts were obtained from literature searches, and have been checked as relevant to the concepts we have been discussing. These references serve several purposes. First,they provide the student with an opportunity to pursue the phenomenology or theory in greater depth. Second, in a more specific domain, they provide a point of entry into the literature through a bibliography. Third, some references have an approach that is particularly compatible with the material presented in this text, or to the field of complex systems generally. This list,however, does not serve three conventional purposes. It does not serve to trace the historical origin of concepts presented, or to motivate them from phenomenological grounds, or to prove them using experimental observations. Any of these would be a worthwhile but equally challenging endeavor to the objective of demonstrating the unity of concepts, which is the motivating force behind this text. As is fitting for concepts that are to be a general underpinning of our understanding of complex systems, points made in this book appear in many contexts in the literature. A stronger statement may be made—the g enerality of the concepts presented in this text must imply that there are many ways to arrive at them,and many conclusions that may be drawn from them that can be compared with a large body of experimental literature. The effort in this text to draw conclusions from a very small set of assumptions is only a beginning in the effort to understand how widely applicable such concepts can be. In the few cases where we have made a greater effort to make contact with specific phenomenology and thus where support is necessary for material presented in the text (e.g. the discussion of sleep in Chapter 3), we have provided a few more specific references. There are a remarkable number of popular or semipopular books on various concepts in the study of complex systems. For a number of reasons these books have appeared instead of textbooks. 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Breaking down the barriers between physics, chemistry and biology and the so-called soft sciences of psychology, sociology, economics, and anthropology, this text explores the universal physical and mathematical principles that govern the emergence of complex systems from simple components.<br /><br />Dynamics of Complex Systems is the first text describing the modern unified study of complex systems. It is designed for upper-undergraduate/beginning graduate-level students, and covers a wide range of applications in a wide array of disciplines. A central goal of this text is to develop models and modeling techniques that are useful when applied to all complex systems. This is done by adopting both analytic tools, from statistical mechanics to stochastic dynamics, and computer simulation techniques, such as cellular automata and Monte Carlo. In four sets of paired, self-contained chapters, Yaneer Bar-Yam discusses complex systems in the context of neural networks, protein folding, living organisms, and finally, human civilization itself. He explores fundamental questions about the structure, dynamics, evolution, development and quantitative complexity that apply to all complex systems. In the first chapter, mathematical foundations such as iterative maps and chaos, probability theory and random walks, thermodynamics, information and computation theory, fractals and scaling, are reviewed to enable the text to be read by students and researchers with a variety of backgrounds.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="d46686a35241a6166d0a1c08e548806e" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":47352570,"asset_id":27101001,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47352570/download_file?st=MTczMjc2MDU0MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="27101001"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="27101001"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 27101001; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=27101001]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=27101001]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 27101001; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='27101001']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 27101001, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "d46686a35241a6166d0a1c08e548806e" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=27101001]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":27101001,"title":"Dynamics of Complex Systems Index","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The study of complex systems in a unified framework has become recognized in recent years as a new scientific discipline, the ultimate of interdisciplinary fields. 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Douady</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://necsi.academia.edu/YaneerBarYam">Yaneer Bar-Yam</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="fd3e05b9925361d63bd9a4be7e79bb6e" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":46249960,"asset_id":25884132,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/46249960/download_file?st=MTczMjc2MDU0MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="25884132"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="25884132"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 25884132; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=25884132]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=25884132]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 25884132; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='25884132']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 25884132, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "fd3e05b9925361d63bd9a4be7e79bb6e" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=25884132]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":25884132,"title":"The Precautionary Principle (with Application to the Genetic Modification of Organisms)","translated_title":"","metadata":{"grobid_abstract":"The precautionary principle (PP) states that if an action or policy has a suspected risk of causing severe harm to the public domain (affecting general health or the environment globally), the action should not be taken in the absence of scientific near-certainty about its safety. 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We show that in spatial models with local reproduction, programed deaths instead robustly result in long-term benefit to a lineage, by reducing local environmental resource depletion via spatiotemporal patterns causing feedback over many generations. Results are robust to model variations, implying that direct selection for shorter life span may be quite widespread in nature.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="8c4372a7e515d0fca1496093ed19d66d" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":47271287,"asset_id":26752758,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47271287/download_file?st=MTczMjc2MDU0MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="26752758"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="26752758"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 26752758; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=26752758]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=26752758]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 26752758; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='26752758']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 26752758, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "8c4372a7e515d0fca1496093ed19d66d" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=26752758]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":26752758,"title":"Programed Death is Favored by Natural Selection in Spatial Systems","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Standard evolutionary theories of aging and mortality, implicitly based on mean-field assumptions, hold that programed mortality is untenable, as it opposes direct individual benefit. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="26752757"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/26752757/The_Statistical_Mechanics_of_Complex_Product_Development"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The Statistical Mechanics of Complex Product Development" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/47271304/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/26752757/The_Statistical_Mechanics_of_Complex_Product_Development">The Statistical Mechanics of Complex Product Development</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">In recent years, understanding the structure and function of complex networks has become the foun...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">In recent years, understanding the structure and function of complex networks has become the foundation for explaining many different real-world complex biological, technological and informal social phenomena. Techniques from statistical physics have been successfully applied to the analysis of these networks, and have uncovered surprising statistical structural properties that have also been shown to have a major effect on their functionality, dynamics, robustness, and fragility. This paper examines, for the first time, the statistical properties of strategically important organizational networks - networks of people engaged in distributed product development (PD) - and discusses the significance of these properties in providing insight into ways of improving the strategic and operational decision-making of the organization. We show that the structure of information flow networks that are at the heart of large-scale product development efforts have properties that are similar to those displayed by other social, biological and technological networks. In this context, we identify novel properties that may be characteristic of other information-carrying networks. We further present a detailed model and analysis of PD dynamics on complex networks, and show how the underlying network topologies provide direct information about the characteristics of this dynamics. We believe that our new analysis methodology and empirical results are also relevant to other organizational information-carrying networks.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="373d3e26a11886fa23cbc6094f4e6f04" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":47271304,"asset_id":26752757,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47271304/download_file?st=MTczMjc2MDU0MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="26752757"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="26752757"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 26752757; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=26752757]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=26752757]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 26752757; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='26752757']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 26752757, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "373d3e26a11886fa23cbc6094f4e6f04" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=26752757]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":26752757,"title":"The Statistical Mechanics of Complex Product Development","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"In recent years, understanding the structure and function of complex networks has become the foundation for explaining many different real-world complex biological, technological and informal social phenomena. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="26752756"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/26752756/Building_Patterned_Structures_with_Robot_Swarms"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Building Patterned Structures with Robot Swarms" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/47031134/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/26752756/Building_Patterned_Structures_with_Robot_Swarms">Building Patterned Structures with Robot Swarms</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence</span><span>, 2005</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">We describe a system in which simple, identi- cal, autonomous robots assemble two-dimensional str...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">We describe a system in which simple, identi- cal, autonomous robots assemble two-dimensional structures using prefabricated modules as build- ing blocks. Modules are capable of some infor- mation processing, enabling them to share long- range structural information and communicate it to robots. This communication allows arbitrary solid structures to be rapidly built using a few x ed, local robot behaviors.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="9af2dc1e5d9b93c3102a59f434eef14b" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":47031134,"asset_id":26752756,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47031134/download_file?st=MTczMjc2MDU0MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="26752756"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="26752756"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 26752756; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=26752756]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=26752756]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 26752756; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='26752756']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 26752756, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "9af2dc1e5d9b93c3102a59f434eef14b" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=26752756]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":26752756,"title":"Building Patterned Structures with Robot Swarms","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"We describe a system in which simple, identi- cal, autonomous robots assemble two-dimensional structures using prefabricated modules as build- ing blocks. 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We use a simple spatially extended pred...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The notion of fitness is central in evolutionary biology. We use a simple spatially extended predator-prey or host-pathogen model to show a generic case where the average number of offspring of an individual as a measure of fitness fails to characterize the evolutionary dynamics. Mutants with high initial reproduction ratios have lineages that eventually go extinct due to local overexploitation. We propose<br />general quantitative measures of fitness that reflect the importance of time scale in evolutionary processes.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="e8be31c46952820788aa7e2683437a8d" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":47093004,"asset_id":26752755,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47093004/download_file?st=MTczMjc2MDU0MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="26752755"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="26752755"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 26752755; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=26752755]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=26752755]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 26752755; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='26752755']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 26752755, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "e8be31c46952820788aa7e2683437a8d" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=26752755]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":26752755,"title":"Relationship between Measures of Fitness and Time Scale in Evolution","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The notion of fitness is central in evolutionary biology. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="26752754"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/26752754/Information_Flow_Structure_in_Large_Scale_Product_Development_Organizational_Networks"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Information Flow Structure in Large-Scale Product Development Organizational Networks" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/47031042/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/26752754/Information_Flow_Structure_in_Large_Scale_Product_Development_Organizational_Networks">Information Flow Structure in Large-Scale Product Development Organizational Networks</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Smart Business Networks</span><span>, 2004</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">This paper analyzes the statistical properties of real-world networks of people engaged in produc...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">This paper analyzes the statistical properties of real-world networks of people engaged in product development (PD) activities. We show that complex PD networks display similar statistical patterns to other real-world complex social, information, biological and technological networks. The paper lays out the foundations for understanding the properties of other intra- and inter-organizational networks that are realized by specific network architectures.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="1571c365f278b8037e062d828f7d6350" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":47031042,"asset_id":26752754,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47031042/download_file?st=MTczMjc2MDU0MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="26752754"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="26752754"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 26752754; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=26752754]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=26752754]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 26752754; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='26752754']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 26752754, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "1571c365f278b8037e062d828f7d6350" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=26752754]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":26752754,"title":"Information Flow Structure in Large-Scale Product Development Organizational Networks","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"This paper analyzes the statistical properties of real-world networks of people engaged in product development (PD) activities. 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$a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="26752753"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/26752753/Untangling_the_Information_Web_of_Complex_System_Design"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Untangling the Information Web of Complex System Design" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/47031038/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/26752753/Untangling_the_Information_Web_of_Complex_System_Design">Untangling the Information Web of Complex System Design</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Symposium on Complex Systems Engineering</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Understanding the structure and function of complex networks has recently become the foundation f...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Understanding the structure and function of complex networks has recently become the foundation for explaining many different real-world complex biological, technological and informal social phenomena. The analysis of these networks has uncovered surprising statistical structural properties that have also been shown to have a major effect on their functionality, dynamics, robustness, and fragility. 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href="https://www.academia.edu/11535073/Conflict_and_Complexity"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Conflict and Complexity" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/11535073/Conflict_and_Complexity">Conflict and Complexity</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://americanmilitary.academia.edu/PhilFellman">Phil Fellman</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://uc.academia.edu/AliMinai">Ali Minai</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://necsi.academia.edu/YaneerBarYam">Yaneer Bar-Yam</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated"> This volume presents a complex systems approach to analyzing, modeling, understanding, and comba...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">This volume presents a complex systems approach to analyzing, modeling, understanding, and combating terrorism and conflict, and is a unique and timely contribution to a topic of critical importance. Much of the effort in this area has used—and continues to use—classical methods based on intelligence, statistical and game theoretic modeling, and military operations. The need for other methods has become increasingly clear. Recognizing and conflict, at least in part, as a social phenomenon suggests that methods that have succeeded in analyzing other social systems may also work well in this case. This has led to the application of network modeling and analysis to terrorism and conflict. Other complex systems concepts such as chaotic dynamics, self- organization, emergent patterns, and fractals have also been applied, generating important insights. This book reviews and discusses these efforts.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="11535073"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="11535073"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11535073; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11535073]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11535073]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11535073; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='11535073']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 11535073, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=11535073]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":11535073,"title":"Conflict and Complexity","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":" This volume presents a complex systems approach to analyzing, modeling, understanding, and combating terrorism and conflict, and is a unique and timely contribution to a topic of critical importance. 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Much of the effort in this area has used—and continues to use—classical methods based on intelligence, statistical and game theoretic modeling, and military operations. The need for other methods has become increasingly clear. Recognizing and conflict, at least in part, as a social phenomenon suggests that methods that have succeeded in analyzing other social systems may also work well in this case. This has led to the application of network modeling and analysis to terrorism and conflict. Other complex systems concepts such as chaotic dynamics, self- organization, emergent patterns, and fractals have also been applied, generating important insights. This book reviews and discusses these efforts.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/11535073/Conflict_and_Complexity","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2015-03-19T15:25:07.241-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":14186730,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"book","co_author_tags":[{"id":298747,"work_id":11535073,"tagging_user_id":14186730,"tagged_user_id":543817,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"m***a@gmail.com","affiliation":"University of Cincinnati","display_order":0,"name":"Ali Minai","title":"Conflict and Complexity"},{"id":298746,"work_id":11535073,"tagging_user_id":14186730,"tagged_user_id":131282,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"y***r@necsi.edu","affiliation":"New England Complex Systems Institute","display_order":null,"name":"Yaneer Bar-Yam","title":"Conflict and Complexity"}],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Conflict_and_Complexity","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":14186730,"first_name":"Phil","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Fellman","page_name":"PhilFellman","domain_name":"americanmilitary","created_at":"2014-07-21T15:41:06.384-07:00","display_name":"Phil Fellman","url":"https://americanmilitary.academia.edu/PhilFellman"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":5686,"name":"Political Violence and Terrorism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Violence_and_Terrorism"}],"urls":[{"id":4609402,"url":"http://www.amazon.com/Conflict-Complexity-Countering-Insurgency-Understanding/dp/1493917048"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="214236"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/214236/Dynamics_of_Complex_Systems_Chapter_0"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Dynamics of Complex Systems Chapter 0" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/47331760/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/214236/Dynamics_of_Complex_Systems_Chapter_0">Dynamics of Complex Systems Chapter 0</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The study of complex systems in a unified framework has become recognized in recent years as a ne...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The study of complex systems in a unified framework has become recognized in recent years as a new scientific discipline, the ultimate of interdisciplinary fields. Breaking down the barriers between physics, chemistry and biology and the so-called soft sciences of psychology, sociology, economics, and anthropology, this text explores the universal physical and mathematical principles that govern the emergence of complex systems from simple components.<br /><br />Dynamics of Complex Systems is the first text describing the modern unified study of complex systems. It is designed for upper-undergraduate/beginning graduate-level students, and covers a wide range of applications in a wide array of disciplines. A central goal of this text is to develop models and modeling techniques that are useful when applied to all complex systems. This is done by adopting both analytic tools, from statistical mechanics to stochastic dynamics, and computer simulation techniques, such as cellular automata and Monte Carlo. In four sets of paired, self-contained chapters, Yaneer Bar-Yam discusses complex systems in the context of neural networks, protein folding, living organisms, and finally, human civilization itself. He explores fundamental questions about the structure, dynamics, evolution, development and quantitative complexity that apply to all complex systems. In the first chapter, mathematical foundations such as iterative maps and chaos, probability theory and random walks, thermodynamics, information and computation theory, fractals and scaling, are reviewed to enable the text to be read by students and researchers with a variety of backgrounds.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="c7b41c407d3f7308c0050dcb2237696d" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":47331760,"asset_id":214236,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47331760/download_file?st=MTczMjc2MDU0MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjc2MDUzOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="214236"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="214236"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 214236; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=214236]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=214236]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 214236; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='214236']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 214236, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "c7b41c407d3f7308c0050dcb2237696d" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=214236]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":214236,"title":"Dynamics of Complex Systems Chapter 0","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The study of complex systems in a unified framework has become recognized in recent years as a new scientific discipline, the ultimate of interdisciplinary fields. 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Breaking down the barriers between physics, chemistry and biology and the so-called soft sciences of psychology, sociology, economics, and anthropology, this text explores the universal physical and mathematical principles that govern the emergence of complex systems from simple components.<br /><br />Dynamics of Complex Systems is the first text describing the modern unified study of complex systems. It is designed for upper-undergraduate/beginning graduate-level students, and covers a wide range of applications in a wide array of disciplines. A central goal of this text is to develop models and modeling techniques that are useful when applied to all complex systems. This is done by adopting both analytic tools, from statistical mechanics to stochastic dynamics, and computer simulation techniques, such as cellular automata and Monte Carlo. In four sets of paired, self-contained chapters, Yaneer Bar-Yam discusses complex systems in the context of neural networks, protein folding, living organisms, and finally, human civilization itself. He explores fundamental questions about the structure, dynamics, evolution, development and quantitative complexity that apply to all complex systems. In the first chapter, mathematical foundations such as iterative maps and chaos, probability theory and random walks, thermodynamics, information and computation theory, fractals and scaling, are reviewed to enable the text to be read by students and researchers with a variety of backgrounds.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="4044585189db032836e2f7348eaf9b72" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":47352467,"asset_id":27100851,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47352467/download_file?st=MTczMjc2MDU0MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjc2MDUzOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="27100851"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="27100851"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 27100851; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=27100851]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=27100851]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 27100851; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='27100851']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 27100851, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "4044585189db032836e2f7348eaf9b72" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=27100851]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":27100851,"title":"Dynamics of Complex Systems Chapter 1","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The study of complex systems in a unified framework has become recognized in recent years as a new scientific discipline, the ultimate of interdisciplinary fields. 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In four sets of paired, self-contained chapters, Yaneer Bar-Yam discusses complex systems in the context of neural networks, protein folding, living organisms, and finally, human civilization itself. He explores fundamental questions about the structure, dynamics, evolution, development and quantitative complexity that apply to all complex systems. In the first chapter, mathematical foundations such as iterative maps and chaos, probability theory and random walks, thermodynamics, information and computation theory, fractals and scaling, are reviewed to enable the text to be read by students and researchers with a variety of backgrounds."},"translated_abstract":"The study of complex systems in a unified framework has become recognized in recent years as a new scientific discipline, the ultimate of interdisciplinary fields. Breaking down the barriers between physics, chemistry and biology and the so-called soft sciences of psychology, sociology, economics, and anthropology, this text explores the universal physical and mathematical principles that govern the emergence of complex systems from simple components.\n\nDynamics of Complex Systems is the first text describing the modern unified study of complex systems. It is designed for upper-undergraduate/beginning graduate-level students, and covers a wide range of applications in a wide array of disciplines. A central goal of this text is to develop models and modeling techniques that are useful when applied to all complex systems. This is done by adopting both analytic tools, from statistical mechanics to stochastic dynamics, and computer simulation techniques, such as cellular automata and Monte Carlo. In four sets of paired, self-contained chapters, Yaneer Bar-Yam discusses complex systems in the context of neural networks, protein folding, living organisms, and finally, human civilization itself. He explores fundamental questions about the structure, dynamics, evolution, development and quantitative complexity that apply to all complex systems. 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The attractor network embodies the properties of an associative content-addressable memory. Memories are imprinted and are accessed by presenting the network with part of their content. Properties of the network can be studied using a signal-to-noise analysis and simulations. The capacity of the attractor network for storage of memories is proportional to the number of neurons. The feedforward network acts as an input-output system formed out of several layers of neurons. Using prototypes that indicate the desired outputs for a set of possible inputs, the feedforward network is trained by minimizing a cost function which measures the output error. The resulting training algorithm is called back-propagation of error. In order to study the overall function of the brain, an understanding of sub-structure and the interactions between parts of the brain is necessary. Feedforward networks illustrate one way to build a network out of parts. A second model of interacting subnetworks is a subdivided attractor network. A subdivided attractor network stores more than just the imprinted patterns—it stores composite patterns formed out of parts of the imprinted patterns. If these are patterns that an organism might encounter , then this is an advantage. Features of human visual processing, language and motor control illustrate the relevance of composite patterns. Analysis and simulations of subdivided attractor networks reveal that partial subdivision can balance a decline in the storage capacity of imprinted patterns with the potential advantages of composite patterns. However, this balance only allows direct control over composite pattern stability when the number of subdivisions is no more than approximately seven, suggesting a connection to the 7 ± 2 rule of short-term memory.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="4007719fb030faf6d6b15a7bb5e1fd60" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":47352481,"asset_id":27100864,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47352481/download_file?st=MTczMjc2MDU0MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjc2MDUzOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="27100864"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="27100864"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 27100864; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=27100864]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=27100864]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 27100864; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='27100864']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 27100864, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "4007719fb030faf6d6b15a7bb5e1fd60" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=27100864]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":27100864,"title":"Dynamics of Complex Systems Chapter 2","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Motivated by the properties of biological neural networks, we introduce simple mathematical models whose properties may be explored and related to aspects of human information processing. 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A second model of interacting subnetworks is a subdivided attractor network. A subdivided attractor network stores more than just the imprinted patterns—it stores composite patterns formed out of parts of the imprinted patterns. If these are patterns that an organism might encounter , then this is an advantage. Features of human visual processing, language and motor control illustrate the relevance of composite patterns. Analysis and simulations of subdivided attractor networks reveal that partial subdivision can balance a decline in the storage capacity of imprinted patterns with the potential advantages of composite patterns. However, this balance only allows direct control over composite pattern stability when the number of subdivisions is no more than approximately seven, suggesting a connection to the 7 ± 2 rule of short-term memory."},"translated_abstract":"Motivated by the properties of biological neural networks, we introduce simple mathematical models whose properties may be explored and related to aspects of human information processing. The attractor network embodies the properties of an associative content-addressable memory. Memories are imprinted and are accessed by presenting the network with part of their content. Properties of the network can be studied using a signal-to-noise analysis and simulations. The capacity of the attractor network for storage of memories is proportional to the number of neurons. The feedforward network acts as an input-output system formed out of several layers of neurons. 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Analysis and simulations of subdivided attractor networks reveal that partial subdivision can balance a decline in the storage capacity of imprinted patterns with the potential advantages of composite patterns. However, this balance only allows direct control over composite pattern stability when the number of subdivisions is no more than approximately seven, suggesting a connection to the 7 ± 2 rule of short-term memory.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/27100864/Dynamics_of_Complex_Systems_Chapter_2","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2016-07-19T07:26:51.922-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":131282,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"book","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":47352481,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/47352481/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Bar-YamChap2.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47352481/download_file?st=MTczMjc2MDU0MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjc2MDUzOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Dynamics_of_Complex_Systems_Chapter_2.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/47352481/Bar-YamChap2-libre.pdf?1468938757=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DDynamics_of_Complex_Systems_Chapter_2.pdf\u0026Expires=1732764139\u0026Signature=dGPflesCop980munB2rLoC6R5btiCEtLiFtkxCAwFV1wf~5ep7x~9X~NPYR8WVGiZWon-b5MZ1-aKYvzI~reXeBc5Y20ZziWNi6gf-hoVNJaHznnzUikcNJmKv9q3Udg2VSy199Me-axrQTz4EGJqZW4E3bcDnBiNeoOSpjhJguqba7tAE0Iwb0ibHqEJLvZG32yvNzknBqbem73shPAchT0d6OyqYpCU7YyCVhFSmQcYSQtnpF8KRMaXm~OPCHpo2Hig8uydObMxtiEVhSDdxZA9vMEgnD4EwhrtHltkoBrgvwOz27ScWz0IUFqD0IMDIwtI-~V6FdLpFdneH2ekg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Dynamics_of_Complex_Systems_Chapter_2","translated_slug":"","page_count":76,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":131282,"first_name":"Yaneer","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Bar-Yam","page_name":"YaneerBarYam","domain_name":"necsi","created_at":"2010-02-11T08:12:03.049-08:00","display_name":"Yaneer Bar-Yam","url":"https://necsi.academia.edu/YaneerBarYam"},"attachments":[{"id":47352481,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/47352481/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Bar-YamChap2.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47352481/download_file?st=MTczMjc2MDU0MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjc2MDUzOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Dynamics_of_Complex_Systems_Chapter_2.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/47352481/Bar-YamChap2-libre.pdf?1468938757=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DDynamics_of_Complex_Systems_Chapter_2.pdf\u0026Expires=1732764139\u0026Signature=dGPflesCop980munB2rLoC6R5btiCEtLiFtkxCAwFV1wf~5ep7x~9X~NPYR8WVGiZWon-b5MZ1-aKYvzI~reXeBc5Y20ZziWNi6gf-hoVNJaHznnzUikcNJmKv9q3Udg2VSy199Me-axrQTz4EGJqZW4E3bcDnBiNeoOSpjhJguqba7tAE0Iwb0ibHqEJLvZG32yvNzknBqbem73shPAchT0d6OyqYpCU7YyCVhFSmQcYSQtnpF8KRMaXm~OPCHpo2Hig8uydObMxtiEVhSDdxZA9vMEgnD4EwhrtHltkoBrgvwOz27ScWz0IUFqD0IMDIwtI-~V6FdLpFdneH2ekg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":851,"name":"Complex Systems Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Complex_Systems_Science"}],"urls":[{"id":7340849,"url":"http://necsi.edu/publications/dcs/index.html"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="27100873"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/27100873/Dynamics_of_Complex_Systems_Chapter_3"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Dynamics of Complex Systems Chapter 3" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/47352488/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/27100873/Dynamics_of_Complex_Systems_Chapter_3">Dynamics of Complex Systems Chapter 3</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The training of a model network that has subdivisions requires a process that can train synapses ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The training of a model network that has subdivisions requires a process that can train synapses within subdivisions and between subdivisions without subjecting either to overload. A natural solution to this problem involves taking the network " off-line, " so that a filtering of memories can occur when the network is dissociated. This is a possible model for the role of sleep in human information-processing that explains some of the unusual features of sleep and suggests new experiments that can be performed. Various features of human information-processing, including the learning of associations, pattern recognition, creativity, individuality and consciousness can be discussed within the context of neural network models. Efforts to describe and explain the higher information-processing tasks that human beings are capable of performing have always generated tension and concern. There has been a tendency to elevate these processes outside of the domain of the physical world, or to mystify them,through a characterization as infinite and incomprehensible. This tendency may arise from the desire to maintain a uniqueness of and importance to our own capabilities. We will adopt the contrary point of view that our capabilities are fundamentally comprehensible. However, it turns out that this does not diminish a quality of uniqueness and importance. If anything, it shows us how this importance arises. We begin to tackle the task of explaining aspects of human information-processing in this chapter. However, we will not conclude our discussion until we have described complexity in the context of human civilization in Chapter 9. We start in Section 3.1 by considering the training of subdivided net works and the role of sleep in human information-processing. This section is an essential sequel to the discussion in the last chapter that introduced subdivision. The problem is to develop a systematic approach to the training of subdivided networks .</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="6580cf01064d5f03bae805d895f69aa8" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":47352488,"asset_id":27100873,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47352488/download_file?st=MTczMjc2MDU0MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjc2MDUzOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="27100873"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="27100873"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 27100873; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=27100873]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=27100873]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 27100873; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='27100873']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 27100873, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "6580cf01064d5f03bae805d895f69aa8" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=27100873]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":27100873,"title":"Dynamics of Complex Systems Chapter 3","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The training of a model network that has subdivisions requires a process that can train synapses within subdivisions and between subdivisions without subjecting either to overload. A natural solution to this problem involves taking the network \" off-line, \" so that a filtering of memories can occur when the network is dissociated. This is a possible model for the role of sleep in human information-processing that explains some of the unusual features of sleep and suggests new experiments that can be performed. Various features of human information-processing, including the learning of associations, pattern recognition, creativity, individuality and consciousness can be discussed within the context of neural network models. Efforts to describe and explain the higher information-processing tasks that human beings are capable of performing have always generated tension and concern. There has been a tendency to elevate these processes outside of the domain of the physical world, or to mystify them,through a characterization as infinite and incomprehensible. This tendency may arise from the desire to maintain a uniqueness of and importance to our own capabilities. We will adopt the contrary point of view that our capabilities are fundamentally comprehensible. However, it turns out that this does not diminish a quality of uniqueness and importance. If anything, it shows us how this importance arises. We begin to tackle the task of explaining aspects of human information-processing in this chapter. However, we will not conclude our discussion until we have described complexity in the context of human civilization in Chapter 9. We start in Section 3.1 by considering the training of subdivided net works and the role of sleep in human information-processing. This section is an essential sequel to the discussion in the last chapter that introduced subdivision. The problem is to develop a systematic approach to the training of subdivided networks ."},"translated_abstract":"The training of a model network that has subdivisions requires a process that can train synapses within subdivisions and between subdivisions without subjecting either to overload. 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We will adopt the contrary point of view that our capabilities are fundamentally comprehensible. However, it turns out that this does not diminish a quality of uniqueness and importance. If anything, it shows us how this importance arises. We begin to tackle the task of explaining aspects of human information-processing in this chapter. However, we will not conclude our discussion until we have described complexity in the context of human civilization in Chapter 9. We start in Section 3.1 by considering the training of subdivided net works and the role of sleep in human information-processing. This section is an essential sequel to the discussion in the last chapter that introduced subdivision. 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A fundamental problem associated with the dynamics of protein folding is understanding how a system of many interacting elements can reach a desired structure in a reasonable time. In this chapter, we discuss the parallel-processing idea for resolving this problem; kinetic pathways will be considered in the next chapter. Parallel processing and interdependence are at odds and must be balanced in the design of complex systems. We use finite-size Ising type models to explore the nature of interactions that can allow a system to relax in a time that grows less than exponentially in the size of the system. These models illustrate various ways to realize the parallel-processing idea. The simplest idealization of parallel processing is the case of completely independent spins. We discuss a two-spin model as a first example of how such a system relaxes. Various homogeneous models illustrate some of the properties that enable systems to relax in a time that grows no more than a power law in the system size. These include ideal parallel processing, and nucleation and growth of a stable state from a metastable state. The models also illustrate cases where exponential growth in the relaxation time can prevent systems from relaxing. Inhomogeneous models extend the range of possibilities for interaction architectures that still allow a reasonable relaxation time. Among these are space and time partitioning and preselected initial conditions. However, inhomogeneous long-range interactions generally lead to an exponential growth of relaxation time with system size.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="b2d758139ae14c6de40d54005ab2becd" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":47352511,"asset_id":27100940,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47352511/download_file?st=MTczMjc2MDU0MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjc2MDUzOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="27100940"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="27100940"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 27100940; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=27100940]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=27100940]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 27100940; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='27100940']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 27100940, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "b2d758139ae14c6de40d54005ab2becd" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=27100940]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":27100940,"title":"Dynamics of Complex Systems Chapter 4","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The simplest question about dynamics—how long does a process take?— becomes particularly relevant when the time may be so long that the process cannot happen at all. 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Various homogeneous models illustrate some of the properties that enable systems to relax in a time that grows no more than a power law in the system size. These include ideal parallel processing, and nucleation and growth of a stable state from a metastable state. The models also illustrate cases where exponential growth in the relaxation time can prevent systems from relaxing. Inhomogeneous models extend the range of possibilities for interaction architectures that still allow a reasonable relaxation time. Among these are space and time partitioning and preselected initial conditions. 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Polymers in a liquid can be in an expanded or compact form. The transition between the two—poly-mer collapse—is a prototype of protein folding. Using simulations, we will explore possible origins of kinetic limitations in the phase space exploration of long polymers during collapse. Before we study collapse, we must understand the properties of polymers in their expanded state in good solvent. Simple arguments can tell us the scaling of polymer size, R (N) ~ N. The time scale of relaxation of a polymer from one confor-mation to another follows either Rouse (N) ~ N 2 +1 or Zimm (N) ~ N 3 scaling, depending on the assumptions used. Polymer simulations can be constructed in various forms. As long as they respect polymer connectivity and excluded volume, the behavior of long polymers is correctly reproduced. A two-space model where monomers alternate between spaces along the chain is a simple and convenient cellular automaton algorithm. During polymer collapse monomers bond and aggregate. Simulations of collapse and scaling arguments suggest that the aggregation occurs primarily at the ends of the polymer because of the greater flexibility of polymer-end motion. Thus the aggregates at the end appear to diffuse along the polymer contour accreting monomers and smaller aggregates until they meet in the middle. This results in an aggregation process that is systematically ordered by the kinetics. The end-dominated collapse-time scales linearly with polymer length, which is faster than the usual polymer relaxation. The orderly formation of bonds in end-dominated collapse also suggests that kinetics may constrain the possible monomer-monomer bonds that are formed and thus limit the domain of phase space that is explored in protein folding.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="99240f74b5e8d47e6b4fea9618decbb2" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":47352519,"asset_id":27100953,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47352519/download_file?st=MTczMjc2MDU0MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjc2MDUzOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="27100953"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="27100953"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 27100953; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=27100953]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=27100953]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 27100953; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='27100953']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 27100953, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "99240f74b5e8d47e6b4fea9618decbb2" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=27100953]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":27100953,"title":"Dynamics of Complex Systems Chapter 5","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"When kinetics limits the domain of phase space explored by a system, the scaling of the relaxation time (N) may be smaller than exponential. Polymers in a liquid can be in an expanded or compact form. The transition between the two—poly-mer collapse—is a prototype of protein folding. Using simulations, we will explore possible origins of kinetic limitations in the phase space exploration of long polymers during collapse. Before we study collapse, we must understand the properties of polymers in their expanded state in good solvent. Simple arguments can tell us the scaling of polymer size, R (N) ~ N. The time scale of relaxation of a polymer from one confor-mation to another follows either Rouse (N) ~ N 2 +1 or Zimm (N) ~ N 3 scaling, depending on the assumptions used. Polymer simulations can be constructed in various forms. As long as they respect polymer connectivity and excluded volume, the behavior of long polymers is correctly reproduced. A two-space model where monomers alternate between spaces along the chain is a simple and convenient cellular automaton algorithm. During polymer collapse monomers bond and aggregate. Simulations of collapse and scaling arguments suggest that the aggregation occurs primarily at the ends of the polymer because of the greater flexibility of polymer-end motion. Thus the aggregates at the end appear to diffuse along the polymer contour accreting monomers and smaller aggregates until they meet in the middle. This results in an aggregation process that is systematically ordered by the kinetics. The end-dominated collapse-time scales linearly with polymer length, which is faster than the usual polymer relaxation. The orderly formation of bonds in end-dominated collapse also suggests that kinetics may constrain the possible monomer-monomer bonds that are formed and thus limit the domain of phase space that is explored in protein folding."},"translated_abstract":"When kinetics limits the domain of phase space explored by a system, the scaling of the relaxation time (N) may be smaller than exponential. Polymers in a liquid can be in an expanded or compact form. The transition between the two—poly-mer collapse—is a prototype of protein folding. Using simulations, we will explore possible origins of kinetic limitations in the phase space exploration of long polymers during collapse. Before we study collapse, we must understand the properties of polymers in their expanded state in good solvent. Simple arguments can tell us the scaling of polymer size, R (N) ~ N. The time scale of relaxation of a polymer from one confor-mation to another follows either Rouse (N) ~ N 2 +1 or Zimm (N) ~ N 3 scaling, depending on the assumptions used. Polymer simulations can be constructed in various forms. As long as they respect polymer connectivity and excluded volume, the behavior of long polymers is correctly reproduced. A two-space model where monomers alternate between spaces along the chain is a simple and convenient cellular automaton algorithm. During polymer collapse monomers bond and aggregate. Simulations of collapse and scaling arguments suggest that the aggregation occurs primarily at the ends of the polymer because of the greater flexibility of polymer-end motion. Thus the aggregates at the end appear to diffuse along the polymer contour accreting monomers and smaller aggregates until they meet in the middle. This results in an aggregation process that is systematically ordered by the kinetics. The end-dominated collapse-time scales linearly with polymer length, which is faster than the usual polymer relaxation. The orderly formation of bonds in end-dominated collapse also suggests that kinetics may constrain the possible monomer-monomer bonds that are formed and thus limit the domain of phase space that is explored in protein folding.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/27100953/Dynamics_of_Complex_Systems_Chapter_5","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2016-07-19T07:31:30.684-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":131282,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"book","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":47352519,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/47352519/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Bar-YamChap5.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47352519/download_file?st=MTczMjc2MDU0MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjc2MDUzOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Dynamics_of_Complex_Systems_Chapter_5.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/47352519/Bar-YamChap5-libre.pdf?1468938927=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DDynamics_of_Complex_Systems_Chapter_5.pdf\u0026Expires=1732764139\u0026Signature=XdMannVD9X7j-JGCg-cXvsWCDlttE9YQRZUZjhI9dWQIpJ7Mue7WkzKGgG2FXjWi3EiSYvgTjiS-OjW8z7ovKQ4NZRb9AUmiKsdZ1UP9b~gogI-Hfd7nr2D1EfMH0ndGd3v2Rb5ZEvzKjQDOW0LNFhsQmFuF89x6t84yA-a2qr3izn2FWWGT-cry6Kg5XyAEYkWuX5SXVycga~V~1RRhoaR-lyrAFvBnPE2UicDZnKtXfajgmxRSlDWYbjs-bsQPeRSKEforbJ4W74Uln8McvloEOaPWkVKXdGO77mGrRwvq0cy6i1MrhBR3YqIQxZ5FHF0pvzTEOqUXontt4lwK-A__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Dynamics_of_Complex_Systems_Chapter_5","translated_slug":"","page_count":56,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":131282,"first_name":"Yaneer","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Bar-Yam","page_name":"YaneerBarYam","domain_name":"necsi","created_at":"2010-02-11T08:12:03.049-08:00","display_name":"Yaneer Bar-Yam","url":"https://necsi.academia.edu/YaneerBarYam"},"attachments":[{"id":47352519,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/47352519/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Bar-YamChap5.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47352519/download_file?st=MTczMjc2MDU0MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjc2MDUzOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Dynamics_of_Complex_Systems_Chapter_5.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/47352519/Bar-YamChap5-libre.pdf?1468938927=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DDynamics_of_Complex_Systems_Chapter_5.pdf\u0026Expires=1732764139\u0026Signature=XdMannVD9X7j-JGCg-cXvsWCDlttE9YQRZUZjhI9dWQIpJ7Mue7WkzKGgG2FXjWi3EiSYvgTjiS-OjW8z7ovKQ4NZRb9AUmiKsdZ1UP9b~gogI-Hfd7nr2D1EfMH0ndGd3v2Rb5ZEvzKjQDOW0LNFhsQmFuF89x6t84yA-a2qr3izn2FWWGT-cry6Kg5XyAEYkWuX5SXVycga~V~1RRhoaR-lyrAFvBnPE2UicDZnKtXfajgmxRSlDWYbjs-bsQPeRSKEforbJ4W74Uln8McvloEOaPWkVKXdGO77mGrRwvq0cy6i1MrhBR3YqIQxZ5FHF0pvzTEOqUXontt4lwK-A__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":851,"name":"Complex Systems Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Complex_Systems_Science"}],"urls":[{"id":7340852,"url":"http://necsi.edu/publications/dcs/index.html"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="27100962"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/27100962/Dynamics_of_Complex_Systems_Chapter_6"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Dynamics of Complex Systems Chapter 6" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/47352526/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/27100962/Dynamics_of_Complex_Systems_Chapter_6">Dynamics of Complex Systems Chapter 6</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The study of complex systems in a unified framework has become recognized in recent years as a ne...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The study of complex systems in a unified framework has become recognized in recent years as a new scientific discipline, the ultimate of interdisciplinary fields. Breaking down the barriers between physics, chemistry and biology and the so-called soft sciences of psychology, sociology, economics, and anthropology, this text explores the universal physical and mathematical principles that govern the emergence of complex systems from simple components.<br /><br />Dynamics of Complex Systems is the first text describing the modern unified study of complex systems. It is designed for upper-undergraduate/beginning graduate-level students, and covers a wide range of applications in a wide array of disciplines. A central goal of this text is to develop models and modeling techniques that are useful when applied to all complex systems. This is done by adopting both analytic tools, from statistical mechanics to stochastic dynamics, and computer simulation techniques, such as cellular automata and Monte Carlo. In four sets of paired, self-contained chapters, Yaneer Bar-Yam discusses complex systems in the context of neural networks, protein folding, living organisms, and finally, human civilization itself. He explores fundamental questions about the structure, dynamics, evolution, development and quantitative complexity that apply to all complex systems. In the first chapter, mathematical foundations such as iterative maps and chaos, probability theory and random walks, thermodynamics, information and computation theory, fractals and scaling, are reviewed to enable the text to be read by students and researchers with a variety of backgrounds.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="39a9245f845ef17f643547743609cf2e" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":47352526,"asset_id":27100962,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47352526/download_file?st=MTczMjc2MDU0MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjc2MDUzOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="27100962"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="27100962"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 27100962; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=27100962]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=27100962]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 27100962; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='27100962']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 27100962, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "39a9245f845ef17f643547743609cf2e" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=27100962]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":27100962,"title":"Dynamics of Complex Systems Chapter 6","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The study of complex systems in a unified framework has become recognized in recent years as a new scientific discipline, the ultimate of interdisciplinary fields. 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The approach of developmental biology to the design of complex systems may be a useful framework for considering the design of complex artificial systems. Models of pattern formation may be better suited to discussions of global properties of the evolution of organisms than the models discussed in Chapter 6."},"translated_abstract":"Developmental biology strives to understand the sequence of events by which a single cell becomes a system of many differentiated interacting cells. This process involves placing different structures in particular locations and interconnecting them. To model differentiation we focus on the formation of color patterns on animal skins that have a variety of forms. Cellular automaton models show the relevance of local activation and long-range inhibition of pigment production to the formation of patterns. Chemical reaction-diffusion systems illustrate similar patterns using slow-and fast-diffusing species. Other elements of the tool kit for developmental processes include mechanisms for changes in cell structure, cell motion, timing and counting. Of particular interest are sequential steps (programs) that can form branching structures. Theoretical modeling can better complement phenomenological studies of biological systems if the different objectives of theory and experiment are recognized. The approach of developmental biology to the design of complex systems may be a useful framework for considering the design of complex artificial systems. Models of pattern formation may be better suited to discussions of global properties of the evolution of organisms than the models discussed in Chapter 6.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/27100971/Dynamics_of_Complex_Systems_Chapter_7","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2016-07-19T07:32:43.238-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":131282,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"book","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":47352531,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/47352531/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Bar-YamChap7.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47352531/download_file?st=MTczMjc2MDU0MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjc2MDUzOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Dynamics_of_Complex_Systems_Chapter_7.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/47352531/Bar-YamChap7-libre.pdf?1468939216=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DDynamics_of_Complex_Systems_Chapter_7.pdf\u0026Expires=1732764139\u0026Signature=Ch9d-CPAwBWvtPITHwSU61DcxvbcwjXXurT7y7CUbRzljexXxC9I4c2Pqk0PKF9tdkFihCZqX-VqCF3Y7cX2Ae4r6Hm6vTHlsqMFBTSae1OhuQilkB4a3vrC08QpWZZZ-y21F5ZzIs~7AwLuQ33Si5ZcbXNeFI-PyDnV0lpHFDDdkQMUhGL3EzEkY6N4-lpmtjBu~G3G2sJkgTO3781DCpzN9mQ5VpTQFh~0QStlyCvbSxlls3vKH1BHXDh2mdqytlvfwAHq3i4IkBdZcEGJTbQ0fjdpkKiFGZpN1QUWpn3wIp6vDJqcBMnly6mEozV02Yd0TUCYAKoQmx0uoFZeCQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Dynamics_of_Complex_Systems_Chapter_7","translated_slug":"","page_count":78,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":131282,"first_name":"Yaneer","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Bar-Yam","page_name":"YaneerBarYam","domain_name":"necsi","created_at":"2010-02-11T08:12:03.049-08:00","display_name":"Yaneer Bar-Yam","url":"https://necsi.academia.edu/YaneerBarYam"},"attachments":[{"id":47352531,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/47352531/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Bar-YamChap7.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47352531/download_file?st=MTczMjc2MDU0MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjc2MDUzOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Dynamics_of_Complex_Systems_Chapter_7.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/47352531/Bar-YamChap7-libre.pdf?1468939216=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DDynamics_of_Complex_Systems_Chapter_7.pdf\u0026Expires=1732764139\u0026Signature=Ch9d-CPAwBWvtPITHwSU61DcxvbcwjXXurT7y7CUbRzljexXxC9I4c2Pqk0PKF9tdkFihCZqX-VqCF3Y7cX2Ae4r6Hm6vTHlsqMFBTSae1OhuQilkB4a3vrC08QpWZZZ-y21F5ZzIs~7AwLuQ33Si5ZcbXNeFI-PyDnV0lpHFDDdkQMUhGL3EzEkY6N4-lpmtjBu~G3G2sJkgTO3781DCpzN9mQ5VpTQFh~0QStlyCvbSxlls3vKH1BHXDh2mdqytlvfwAHq3i4IkBdZcEGJTbQ0fjdpkKiFGZpN1QUWpn3wIp6vDJqcBMnly6mEozV02Yd0TUCYAKoQmx0uoFZeCQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":851,"name":"Complex Systems Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Complex_Systems_Science"}],"urls":[{"id":7340857,"url":"http://necsi.edu/publications/dcs/index.html"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="27100977"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/27100977/Dynamics_of_Complex_Systems_Chapter_8"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Dynamics of Complex Systems Chapter 8" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/47352537/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/27100977/Dynamics_of_Complex_Systems_Chapter_8">Dynamics of Complex Systems Chapter 8</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Our ultimate objective is to consider the relationship of a human being to human civilization, wh...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Our ultimate objective is to consider the relationship of a human being to human civilization, where human civilization is considered as a complex system. We use this problem to motivate our study of the definition of complexity. The mathematical definition of the complexity of character strings follows from information theory. This theory is generalized by algorithmic complexity to allow all possible algorithms that can compress the strings. The complexity of a string is defined as the length of the shortest binary input to a universal Turing machine, such that the output is the string. The use of mappings from strings onto system states allows us to apply the concepts of algorithmic complexity to physical systems. However, the complexity of describing a microstate of the system is not really what we mean by system complexity. We define and study the complexity profile, which is the complexity of a system observed with a certain precision in space and time. We estimate the complexity of various systems, focusing on the complexity of a human being. Our final estimate is based upon a combination of the length of descriptions in human language, genetic information in DNA, and component counting.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="6358f145d7d3a539d397a1a569dde8e2" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":47352537,"asset_id":27100977,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47352537/download_file?st=MTczMjc2MDU0MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjc2MDUzOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="27100977"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="27100977"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 27100977; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=27100977]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=27100977]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 27100977; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='27100977']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 27100977, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "6358f145d7d3a539d397a1a569dde8e2" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=27100977]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":27100977,"title":"Dynamics of Complex Systems Chapter 8","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Our ultimate objective is to consider the relationship of a human being to human civilization, where human civilization is considered as a complex system. 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Breaking down the barriers between physics, chemistry and biology and the so-called soft sciences of psychology, sociology, economics, and anthropology, this text explores the universal physical and mathematical principles that govern the emergence of complex systems from simple components.<br /><br />Dynamics of Complex Systems is the first text describing the modern unified study of complex systems. It is designed for upper-undergraduate/beginning graduate-level students, and covers a wide range of applications in a wide array of disciplines. A central goal of this text is to develop models and modeling techniques that are useful when applied to all complex systems. This is done by adopting both analytic tools, from statistical mechanics to stochastic dynamics, and computer simulation techniques, such as cellular automata and Monte Carlo. In four sets of paired, self-contained chapters, Yaneer Bar-Yam discusses complex systems in the context of neural networks, protein folding, living organisms, and finally, human civilization itself. He explores fundamental questions about the structure, dynamics, evolution, development and quantitative complexity that apply to all complex systems. In the first chapter, mathematical foundations such as iterative maps and chaos, probability theory and random walks, thermodynamics, information and computation theory, fractals and scaling, are reviewed to enable the text to be read by students and researchers with a variety of backgrounds.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="016dd7d828536fc98cb8f8aec19af396" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":47352548,"asset_id":27100984,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47352548/download_file?st=MTczMjc2MDU0MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjc2MDU0MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="27100984"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="27100984"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 27100984; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=27100984]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=27100984]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 27100984; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='27100984']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 27100984, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "016dd7d828536fc98cb8f8aec19af396" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=27100984]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":27100984,"title":"Dynamics of Complex Systems Chapter 9","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The study of complex systems in a unified framework has become recognized in recent years as a new scientific discipline, the ultimate of interdisciplinary fields. 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Breaking down the barriers between physics, chemistry and biology and the so-called soft sciences of psychology, sociology, economics, and anthropology, this text explores the universal physical and mathematical principles that govern the emergence of complex systems from simple components.\n\nDynamics of Complex Systems is the first text describing the modern unified study of complex systems. It is designed for upper-undergraduate/beginning graduate-level students, and covers a wide range of applications in a wide array of disciplines. A central goal of this text is to develop models and modeling techniques that are useful when applied to all complex systems. This is done by adopting both analytic tools, from statistical mechanics to stochastic dynamics, and computer simulation techniques, such as cellular automata and Monte Carlo. 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In the first chapter, mathematical foundations such as iterative maps and chaos, probability theory and random walks, thermodynamics, information and computation theory, fractals and scaling, are reviewed to enable the text to be read by students and researchers with a variety of backgrounds.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/27100984/Dynamics_of_Complex_Systems_Chapter_9","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2016-07-19T07:34:17.701-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":131282,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"book","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":47352548,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/47352548/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Bar-YamChap9.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47352548/download_file?st=MTczMjc2MDU0MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjc2MDU0MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Dynamics_of_Complex_Systems_Chapter_9.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/47352548/Bar-YamChap9-libre.pdf?1468939210=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DDynamics_of_Complex_Systems_Chapter_9.pdf\u0026Expires=1732764139\u0026Signature=Uh1342K5qBGmorhypv5bFaIfFf~uvvR1k0r5W1kk3CR8W50iDkrnnIJdpZshEwDKYo~I2iWkS3r8pmhjoommiRfCuti5gMe6Qes4pAXY2rUx-vNTXMOT3K~-twEYUiIoVjb7QoLF2NOG0Li3ZnzmbkaBDJ9UPAkX5UNJM6y787B5HEi6teQY94O8Kb93c~UqnX6S0OK-t1KLduwRQlqftqmdF~t21vHDSvfGlyTpCkzPkW8huM2f8jeE86ZcSGoYLJwfqe1oDz2CLxwxoW0AAQkylLe8lza2uGVXzutwcIsSxZWZqEZrrn6yrKainBU35kxdZcdVgCJOBgJoxkk0yA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Dynamics_of_Complex_Systems_Chapter_9","translated_slug":"","page_count":45,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":131282,"first_name":"Yaneer","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Bar-Yam","page_name":"YaneerBarYam","domain_name":"necsi","created_at":"2010-02-11T08:12:03.049-08:00","display_name":"Yaneer Bar-Yam","url":"https://necsi.academia.edu/YaneerBarYam"},"attachments":[{"id":47352548,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/47352548/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Bar-YamChap9.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47352548/download_file?st=MTczMjc2MDU0MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjc2MDU0MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Dynamics_of_Complex_Systems_Chapter_9.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/47352548/Bar-YamChap9-libre.pdf?1468939210=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DDynamics_of_Complex_Systems_Chapter_9.pdf\u0026Expires=1732764139\u0026Signature=Uh1342K5qBGmorhypv5bFaIfFf~uvvR1k0r5W1kk3CR8W50iDkrnnIJdpZshEwDKYo~I2iWkS3r8pmhjoommiRfCuti5gMe6Qes4pAXY2rUx-vNTXMOT3K~-twEYUiIoVjb7QoLF2NOG0Li3ZnzmbkaBDJ9UPAkX5UNJM6y787B5HEi6teQY94O8Kb93c~UqnX6S0OK-t1KLduwRQlqftqmdF~t21vHDSvfGlyTpCkzPkW8huM2f8jeE86ZcSGoYLJwfqe1oDz2CLxwxoW0AAQkylLe8lza2uGVXzutwcIsSxZWZqEZrrn6yrKainBU35kxdZcdVgCJOBgJoxkk0yA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":851,"name":"Complex Systems Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Complex_Systems_Science"}],"urls":[{"id":7340865,"url":"http://necsi.edu/publications/dcs/index.html"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="27100990"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/27100990/Dynamics_of_Complex_Systems_Additional_Readings"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Dynamics of Complex Systems Additional Readings" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/47352556/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/27100990/Dynamics_of_Complex_Systems_Additional_Readings">Dynamics of Complex Systems Additional Readings</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The following is a list of additional readings rather than a bibliography. The range of topics di...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The following is a list of additional readings rather than a bibliography. The range of topics discussed in this text does not allow for a comprehensive bibliography. Our focus is on the effort to develop concepts and methodologies that enable the study of complex systems in a unified manner. Nevertheless, this effort must be informed by many fields and their phenomenologies. The following list attempts to address this by providing accepted keywords for literature searches as provided by the Library of Congress. In addition to the keywords,a few references are provided with comments. Many of these texts were obtained from literature searches, and have been checked as relevant to the concepts we have been discussing. These references serve several purposes. First,they provide the student with an opportunity to pursue the phenomenology or theory in greater depth. Second, in a more specific domain, they provide a point of entry into the literature through a bibliography. Third, some references have an approach that is particularly compatible with the material presented in this text, or to the field of complex systems generally. This list,however, does not serve three conventional purposes. It does not serve to trace the historical origin of concepts presented, or to motivate them from phenomenological grounds, or to prove them using experimental observations. Any of these would be a worthwhile but equally challenging endeavor to the objective of demonstrating the unity of concepts, which is the motivating force behind this text. As is fitting for concepts that are to be a general underpinning of our understanding of complex systems, points made in this book appear in many contexts in the literature. A stronger statement may be made—the g enerality of the concepts presented in this text must imply that there are many ways to arrive at them,and many conclusions that may be drawn from them that can be compared with a large body of experimental literature. The effort in this text to draw conclusions from a very small set of assumptions is only a beginning in the effort to understand how widely applicable such concepts can be. In the few cases where we have made a greater effort to make contact with specific phenomenology and thus where support is necessary for material presented in the text (e.g. the discussion of sleep in Chapter 3), we have provided a few more specific references. There are a remarkable number of popular or semipopular books on various concepts in the study of complex systems. For a number of reasons these books have appeared instead of textbooks. They are of two types: books written by observers of the field, and books written by researchers presenting their ideas to a popular audience.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="972896d4856a92d55797af43ad80b8bb" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":47352556,"asset_id":27100990,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47352556/download_file?st=MTczMjc2MDU0MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjc2MDU0MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="27100990"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="27100990"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 27100990; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=27100990]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=27100990]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 27100990; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='27100990']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 27100990, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "972896d4856a92d55797af43ad80b8bb" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=27100990]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":27100990,"title":"Dynamics of Complex Systems Additional Readings","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The following is a list of additional readings rather than a bibliography. The range of topics discussed in this text does not allow for a comprehensive bibliography. Our focus is on the effort to develop concepts and methodologies that enable the study of complex systems in a unified manner. Nevertheless, this effort must be informed by many fields and their phenomenologies. The following list attempts to address this by providing accepted keywords for literature searches as provided by the Library of Congress. In addition to the keywords,a few references are provided with comments. Many of these texts were obtained from literature searches, and have been checked as relevant to the concepts we have been discussing. These references serve several purposes. First,they provide the student with an opportunity to pursue the phenomenology or theory in greater depth. Second, in a more specific domain, they provide a point of entry into the literature through a bibliography. Third, some references have an approach that is particularly compatible with the material presented in this text, or to the field of complex systems generally. This list,however, does not serve three conventional purposes. It does not serve to trace the historical origin of concepts presented, or to motivate them from phenomenological grounds, or to prove them using experimental observations. Any of these would be a worthwhile but equally challenging endeavor to the objective of demonstrating the unity of concepts, which is the motivating force behind this text. As is fitting for concepts that are to be a general underpinning of our understanding of complex systems, points made in this book appear in many contexts in the literature. A stronger statement may be made—the g enerality of the concepts presented in this text must imply that there are many ways to arrive at them,and many conclusions that may be drawn from them that can be compared with a large body of experimental literature. The effort in this text to draw conclusions from a very small set of assumptions is only a beginning in the effort to understand how widely applicable such concepts can be. In the few cases where we have made a greater effort to make contact with specific phenomenology and thus where support is necessary for material presented in the text (e.g. the discussion of sleep in Chapter 3), we have provided a few more specific references. There are a remarkable number of popular or semipopular books on various concepts in the study of complex systems. For a number of reasons these books have appeared instead of textbooks. They are of two types: books written by observers of the field, and books written by researchers presenting their ideas to a popular audience."},"translated_abstract":"The following is a list of additional readings rather than a bibliography. The range of topics discussed in this text does not allow for a comprehensive bibliography. Our focus is on the effort to develop concepts and methodologies that enable the study of complex systems in a unified manner. Nevertheless, this effort must be informed by many fields and their phenomenologies. The following list attempts to address this by providing accepted keywords for literature searches as provided by the Library of Congress. In addition to the keywords,a few references are provided with comments. Many of these texts were obtained from literature searches, and have been checked as relevant to the concepts we have been discussing. These references serve several purposes. First,they provide the student with an opportunity to pursue the phenomenology or theory in greater depth. Second, in a more specific domain, they provide a point of entry into the literature through a bibliography. Third, some references have an approach that is particularly compatible with the material presented in this text, or to the field of complex systems generally. This list,however, does not serve three conventional purposes. It does not serve to trace the historical origin of concepts presented, or to motivate them from phenomenological grounds, or to prove them using experimental observations. Any of these would be a worthwhile but equally challenging endeavor to the objective of demonstrating the unity of concepts, which is the motivating force behind this text. As is fitting for concepts that are to be a general underpinning of our understanding of complex systems, points made in this book appear in many contexts in the literature. A stronger statement may be made—the g enerality of the concepts presented in this text must imply that there are many ways to arrive at them,and many conclusions that may be drawn from them that can be compared with a large body of experimental literature. The effort in this text to draw conclusions from a very small set of assumptions is only a beginning in the effort to understand how widely applicable such concepts can be. In the few cases where we have made a greater effort to make contact with specific phenomenology and thus where support is necessary for material presented in the text (e.g. the discussion of sleep in Chapter 3), we have provided a few more specific references. There are a remarkable number of popular or semipopular books on various concepts in the study of complex systems. For a number of reasons these books have appeared instead of textbooks. They are of two types: books written by observers of the field, and books written by researchers presenting their ideas to a popular audience.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/27100990/Dynamics_of_Complex_Systems_Additional_Readings","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2016-07-19T07:34:57.906-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":131282,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"book","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":47352556,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/47352556/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Bar-YamReadings.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47352556/download_file?st=MTczMjc2MDU0MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjc2MDU0MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Dynamics_of_Complex_Systems_Additional_R.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/47352556/Bar-YamReadings-libre.pdf?1468939206=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DDynamics_of_Complex_Systems_Additional_R.pdf\u0026Expires=1732764140\u0026Signature=OpPJQa~P7Ml6QB-A8ByacBIJSy6LcmxHWuxl0tAvnxleTnpC2qR4PqgZgFo0Yl9-498ea3YUZIhKCawuzFdp4OWu18CEAi5Jklj46d84XLoaZ~Em~iUVhuK79VSFG4Frx2HymhL4xX-GOlI8k4jzeuY3y450geEwW0zWbx1VaARRpeasbIyDDQQ-VHJyy6VqpurKZ1w7cuKLO9t0ySxVmvluWWznmm~JLnx~2rJCQIX8Xgd5gAR5BQggg-TJg15Jp10RbnCsQXlrXyQAfsNJ~-8kmioqbE3Q7qVnOye6kx22dKeQV6ZlDvViwgKs-KUcjyv419IQskrF7DEWiZi6VA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Dynamics_of_Complex_Systems_Additional_Readings","translated_slug":"","page_count":12,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":131282,"first_name":"Yaneer","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Bar-Yam","page_name":"YaneerBarYam","domain_name":"necsi","created_at":"2010-02-11T08:12:03.049-08:00","display_name":"Yaneer Bar-Yam","url":"https://necsi.academia.edu/YaneerBarYam"},"attachments":[{"id":47352556,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/47352556/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Bar-YamReadings.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47352556/download_file?st=MTczMjc2MDU0MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjc2MDU0MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Dynamics_of_Complex_Systems_Additional_R.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/47352556/Bar-YamReadings-libre.pdf?1468939206=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DDynamics_of_Complex_Systems_Additional_R.pdf\u0026Expires=1732764140\u0026Signature=OpPJQa~P7Ml6QB-A8ByacBIJSy6LcmxHWuxl0tAvnxleTnpC2qR4PqgZgFo0Yl9-498ea3YUZIhKCawuzFdp4OWu18CEAi5Jklj46d84XLoaZ~Em~iUVhuK79VSFG4Frx2HymhL4xX-GOlI8k4jzeuY3y450geEwW0zWbx1VaARRpeasbIyDDQQ-VHJyy6VqpurKZ1w7cuKLO9t0ySxVmvluWWznmm~JLnx~2rJCQIX8Xgd5gAR5BQggg-TJg15Jp10RbnCsQXlrXyQAfsNJ~-8kmioqbE3Q7qVnOye6kx22dKeQV6ZlDvViwgKs-KUcjyv419IQskrF7DEWiZi6VA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":851,"name":"Complex Systems Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Complex_Systems_Science"}],"urls":[{"id":7340868,"url":"http://necsi.edu/publications/dcs/index.html"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="27101001"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/27101001/Dynamics_of_Complex_Systems_Index"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Dynamics of Complex Systems Index" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/47352570/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/27101001/Dynamics_of_Complex_Systems_Index">Dynamics of Complex Systems Index</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The study of complex systems in a unified framework has become recognized in recent years as a ne...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The study of complex systems in a unified framework has become recognized in recent years as a new scientific discipline, the ultimate of interdisciplinary fields. Breaking down the barriers between physics, chemistry and biology and the so-called soft sciences of psychology, sociology, economics, and anthropology, this text explores the universal physical and mathematical principles that govern the emergence of complex systems from simple components.<br /><br />Dynamics of Complex Systems is the first text describing the modern unified study of complex systems. It is designed for upper-undergraduate/beginning graduate-level students, and covers a wide range of applications in a wide array of disciplines. A central goal of this text is to develop models and modeling techniques that are useful when applied to all complex systems. This is done by adopting both analytic tools, from statistical mechanics to stochastic dynamics, and computer simulation techniques, such as cellular automata and Monte Carlo. In four sets of paired, self-contained chapters, Yaneer Bar-Yam discusses complex systems in the context of neural networks, protein folding, living organisms, and finally, human civilization itself. He explores fundamental questions about the structure, dynamics, evolution, development and quantitative complexity that apply to all complex systems. In the first chapter, mathematical foundations such as iterative maps and chaos, probability theory and random walks, thermodynamics, information and computation theory, fractals and scaling, are reviewed to enable the text to be read by students and researchers with a variety of backgrounds.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="d46686a35241a6166d0a1c08e548806e" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":47352570,"asset_id":27101001,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47352570/download_file?st=MTczMjc2MDU0MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjc2MDU0MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="27101001"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="27101001"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 27101001; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=27101001]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=27101001]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 27101001; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='27101001']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 27101001, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "d46686a35241a6166d0a1c08e548806e" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=27101001]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":27101001,"title":"Dynamics of Complex Systems Index","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The study of complex systems in a unified framework has become recognized in recent years as a new scientific discipline, the ultimate of interdisciplinary fields. Breaking down the barriers between physics, chemistry and biology and the so-called soft sciences of psychology, sociology, economics, and anthropology, this text explores the universal physical and mathematical principles that govern the emergence of complex systems from simple components.\n\nDynamics of Complex Systems is the first text describing the modern unified study of complex systems. It is designed for upper-undergraduate/beginning graduate-level students, and covers a wide range of applications in a wide array of disciplines. A central goal of this text is to develop models and modeling techniques that are useful when applied to all complex systems. This is done by adopting both analytic tools, from statistical mechanics to stochastic dynamics, and computer simulation techniques, such as cellular automata and Monte Carlo. In four sets of paired, self-contained chapters, Yaneer Bar-Yam discusses complex systems in the context of neural networks, protein folding, living organisms, and finally, human civilization itself. He explores fundamental questions about the structure, dynamics, evolution, development and quantitative complexity that apply to all complex systems. In the first chapter, mathematical foundations such as iterative maps and chaos, probability theory and random walks, thermodynamics, information and computation theory, fractals and scaling, are reviewed to enable the text to be read by students and researchers with a variety of backgrounds."},"translated_abstract":"The study of complex systems in a unified framework has become recognized in recent years as a new scientific discipline, the ultimate of interdisciplinary fields. 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In four sets of paired, self-contained chapters, Yaneer Bar-Yam discusses complex systems in the context of neural networks, protein folding, living organisms, and finally, human civilization itself. He explores fundamental questions about the structure, dynamics, evolution, development and quantitative complexity that apply to all complex systems. 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Douady</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://necsi.academia.edu/YaneerBarYam">Yaneer Bar-Yam</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="fd3e05b9925361d63bd9a4be7e79bb6e" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":46249960,"asset_id":25884132,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/46249960/download_file?st=MTczMjc2MDU0MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjc2MDU0MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="25884132"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="25884132"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 25884132; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=25884132]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=25884132]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 25884132; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='25884132']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 25884132, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "fd3e05b9925361d63bd9a4be7e79bb6e" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=25884132]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":25884132,"title":"The Precautionary Principle (with Application to the Genetic Modification of Organisms)","translated_title":"","metadata":{"grobid_abstract":"The precautionary principle (PP) states that if an action or policy has a suspected risk of causing severe harm to the public domain (affecting general health or the environment globally), the action should not be taken in the absence of scientific near-certainty about its safety. Under these conditions, the burden of proof about absence of harm falls on those proposing an action, not those opposing it. PP is intended to deal with uncertainty and risk in cases where the absence of evidence and the incompleteness of scientific knowledge carries profound implications and in the presence of risks of \"black swans\", unforeseen and unforeseable events of extreme consequence.","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":46249960},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/25884132/The_Precautionary_Principle_with_Application_to_the_Genetic_Modification_of_Organisms_","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2016-06-05T07:27:53.985-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":49672381,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":20979092,"work_id":25884132,"tagging_user_id":49672381,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":4710989,"email":"n***t@theblackswan.org","display_order":0,"name":"Nassim Taleb","title":"The Precautionary Principle (with Application to the Genetic Modification of Organisms)"},{"id":20979095,"work_id":25884132,"tagging_user_id":49672381,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":1184291,"email":"r***d@uea.ac.uk","display_order":4194304,"name":"R. Read","title":"The Precautionary Principle (with Application to the Genetic Modification of Organisms)"},{"id":20979097,"work_id":25884132,"tagging_user_id":49672381,"tagged_user_id":12096207,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"j***3@gmail.com","display_order":6291456,"name":"Jody Norman","title":"The Precautionary Principle (with Application to the Genetic Modification of Organisms)"},{"id":20979099,"work_id":25884132,"tagging_user_id":49672381,"tagged_user_id":131282,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"y***r@necsi.edu","affiliation":"New England Complex Systems Institute","display_order":7340032,"name":"Yaneer Bar-Yam","title":"The Precautionary Principle (with Application to the Genetic Modification of Organisms)"},{"id":37950627,"work_id":25884132,"tagging_user_id":49672381,"tagged_user_id":149815075,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"q***s@gmail.com","affiliation":"UFBA - Federal University of Bahia","display_order":7864320,"name":"italo queiroz","title":"The Precautionary Principle (with Application to the Genetic Modification of Organisms)"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":46249960,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/46249960/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"The_Precautionary_Principle_with_Applic20160605-26409-1dyoexx.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/46249960/download_file?st=MTczMjc2MDU0MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjc2MDU0MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"The_Precautionary_Principle_with_Applica.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/46249960/The_Precautionary_Principle_with_Applic20160605-26409-1dyoexx-libre.pdf?1465137165=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_Precautionary_Principle_with_Applica.pdf\u0026Expires=1732764140\u0026Signature=IydsEH1xACxDzwl-RGOgsgMoG9EQAkUv5zRj1b4q4C2VCHd2xzJPS9EW3KxUgy2Fble8R6AoHVSjK5xtAIJinUD5FlQc584uSqj~pryY6Y-yulDcKSKNCaDPiCaBuFicNP7BWWN8-vWN9FxHIfOh2ltuSM40a0Jp4-0Slfgn6PNtohiYJuXS2YoUIYMU3zPJdOUVqTg~1jZKQIVcl2-LheOK~HuylSjrsY6eoX28vI8LpiuvW-2NjegyyKr0fSO2nqEhvz~dofyW4EaU3jeV5NKKx4WT93UkT51ouu0lpxrHq5IjknZ9vAd~qEp~WqBEXPQ7fbQ9bZoIEBnnWsDlRA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"The_Precautionary_Principle_with_Application_to_the_Genetic_Modification_of_Organisms_","translated_slug":"","page_count":17,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":49672381,"first_name":"R.","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Douady","page_name":"RDouady","domain_name":"sbsuny","created_at":"2016-06-05T07:27:24.569-07:00","display_name":"R. 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We show that in spatial models with local reproduction, programed deaths instead robustly result in long-term benefit to a lineage, by reducing local environmental resource depletion via spatiotemporal patterns causing feedback over many generations. Results are robust to model variations, implying that direct selection for shorter life span may be quite widespread in nature.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="8c4372a7e515d0fca1496093ed19d66d" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":47271287,"asset_id":26752758,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47271287/download_file?st=MTczMjc2MDU0MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjc2MDU0MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="26752758"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="26752758"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 26752758; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=26752758]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=26752758]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 26752758; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='26752758']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 26752758, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "8c4372a7e515d0fca1496093ed19d66d" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=26752758]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":26752758,"title":"Programed Death is Favored by Natural Selection in Spatial Systems","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Standard evolutionary theories of aging and mortality, implicitly based on mean-field assumptions, hold that programed mortality is untenable, as it opposes direct individual benefit. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="26752757"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/26752757/The_Statistical_Mechanics_of_Complex_Product_Development"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The Statistical Mechanics of Complex Product Development" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/47271304/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/26752757/The_Statistical_Mechanics_of_Complex_Product_Development">The Statistical Mechanics of Complex Product Development</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">In recent years, understanding the structure and function of complex networks has become the foun...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">In recent years, understanding the structure and function of complex networks has become the foundation for explaining many different real-world complex biological, technological and informal social phenomena. Techniques from statistical physics have been successfully applied to the analysis of these networks, and have uncovered surprising statistical structural properties that have also been shown to have a major effect on their functionality, dynamics, robustness, and fragility. This paper examines, for the first time, the statistical properties of strategically important organizational networks - networks of people engaged in distributed product development (PD) - and discusses the significance of these properties in providing insight into ways of improving the strategic and operational decision-making of the organization. We show that the structure of information flow networks that are at the heart of large-scale product development efforts have properties that are similar to those displayed by other social, biological and technological networks. In this context, we identify novel properties that may be characteristic of other information-carrying networks. We further present a detailed model and analysis of PD dynamics on complex networks, and show how the underlying network topologies provide direct information about the characteristics of this dynamics. We believe that our new analysis methodology and empirical results are also relevant to other organizational information-carrying networks.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="373d3e26a11886fa23cbc6094f4e6f04" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":47271304,"asset_id":26752757,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47271304/download_file?st=MTczMjc2MDU0MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjc2MDU0MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="26752757"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="26752757"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 26752757; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=26752757]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=26752757]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 26752757; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='26752757']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 26752757, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "373d3e26a11886fa23cbc6094f4e6f04" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=26752757]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":26752757,"title":"The Statistical Mechanics of Complex Product Development","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"In recent years, understanding the structure and function of complex networks has become the foundation for explaining many different real-world complex biological, technological and informal social phenomena. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="26752756"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/26752756/Building_Patterned_Structures_with_Robot_Swarms"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Building Patterned Structures with Robot Swarms" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/47031134/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/26752756/Building_Patterned_Structures_with_Robot_Swarms">Building Patterned Structures with Robot Swarms</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence</span><span>, 2005</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">We describe a system in which simple, identi- cal, autonomous robots assemble two-dimensional str...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">We describe a system in which simple, identi- cal, autonomous robots assemble two-dimensional structures using prefabricated modules as build- ing blocks. Modules are capable of some infor- mation processing, enabling them to share long- range structural information and communicate it to robots. This communication allows arbitrary solid structures to be rapidly built using a few x ed, local robot behaviors.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="9af2dc1e5d9b93c3102a59f434eef14b" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":47031134,"asset_id":26752756,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47031134/download_file?st=MTczMjc2MDU0MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjc2MDU0MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="26752756"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="26752756"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 26752756; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=26752756]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=26752756]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 26752756; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='26752756']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 26752756, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "9af2dc1e5d9b93c3102a59f434eef14b" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=26752756]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":26752756,"title":"Building Patterned Structures with Robot Swarms","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"We describe a system in which simple, identi- cal, autonomous robots assemble two-dimensional structures using prefabricated modules as build- ing blocks. 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We use a simple spatially extended pred...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The notion of fitness is central in evolutionary biology. We use a simple spatially extended predator-prey or host-pathogen model to show a generic case where the average number of offspring of an individual as a measure of fitness fails to characterize the evolutionary dynamics. Mutants with high initial reproduction ratios have lineages that eventually go extinct due to local overexploitation. We propose<br />general quantitative measures of fitness that reflect the importance of time scale in evolutionary processes.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="e8be31c46952820788aa7e2683437a8d" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":47093004,"asset_id":26752755,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47093004/download_file?st=MTczMjc2MDU0MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjc2MDU0MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="26752755"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="26752755"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 26752755; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=26752755]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=26752755]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 26752755; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='26752755']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 26752755, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "e8be31c46952820788aa7e2683437a8d" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=26752755]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":26752755,"title":"Relationship between Measures of Fitness and Time Scale in Evolution","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The notion of fitness is central in evolutionary biology. 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We propose\ngeneral quantitative measures of fitness that reflect the importance of time scale in evolutionary processes.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/26752755/Relationship_between_Measures_of_Fitness_and_Time_Scale_in_Evolution","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2016-07-05T09:59:32.434-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":131282,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":22430829,"work_id":26752755,"tagging_user_id":131282,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":4841592,"email":"r***h@necsi.org","display_order":-2,"name":"Erik Rauch","title":"Relationship between Measures of Fitness and Time Scale in Evolution"},{"id":22430827,"work_id":26752755,"tagging_user_id":131282,"tagged_user_id":40671976,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"s***a@binghamton.edu","display_order":-1,"name":"Hiroki Sayama","title":"Relationship between Measures of Fitness and Time Scale in Evolution"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":47093004,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/47093004/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"PRL-Rauch.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47093004/download_file?st=MTczMjc2MDU0MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjc2MDU0MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Relationship_between_Measures_of_Fitness.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/47093004/PRL-Rauch-libre.pdf?1467937862=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DRelationship_between_Measures_of_Fitness.pdf\u0026Expires=1732764141\u0026Signature=cDKYRmzN8L8ZNgrOgszPQ~BX8UZ0~18GtcOM4sLBoZFlhXbHChwhVo0eaqlklWHCQhUPp9LeV4ezOPuh0VsA3r4tT5ypMVbbRfs4RIzrfZyDytN0GeRbzgkV-rnLbd9vriknfgDdUMkTt2beHgn0vKkPwQ3fqYQWjHjA5-q17Kx1U~WSV35P7iNzHKNfeEBnbMTWr-ixdofWJKuErtMf1eU~gn5IFcb00hz0grx6g-qAnoX4G2EEzU6R2UbmuvAhUyhQJXqbMfdInzOiZrmLIWLi6rn2ruiHX7YCcnlLPiVqO0nvu2ceIoytSHDBxNd0p1SRf~o6mU5hyT-DEwcuJQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Relationship_between_Measures_of_Fitness_and_Time_Scale_in_Evolution","translated_slug":"","page_count":4,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":131282,"first_name":"Yaneer","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Bar-Yam","page_name":"YaneerBarYam","domain_name":"necsi","created_at":"2010-02-11T08:12:03.049-08:00","display_name":"Yaneer Bar-Yam","url":"https://necsi.academia.edu/YaneerBarYam"},"attachments":[{"id":47093004,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/47093004/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"PRL-Rauch.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47093004/download_file?st=MTczMjc2MDU0MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjc2MDU0MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Relationship_between_Measures_of_Fitness.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/47093004/PRL-Rauch-libre.pdf?1467937862=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DRelationship_between_Measures_of_Fitness.pdf\u0026Expires=1732764141\u0026Signature=cDKYRmzN8L8ZNgrOgszPQ~BX8UZ0~18GtcOM4sLBoZFlhXbHChwhVo0eaqlklWHCQhUPp9LeV4ezOPuh0VsA3r4tT5ypMVbbRfs4RIzrfZyDytN0GeRbzgkV-rnLbd9vriknfgDdUMkTt2beHgn0vKkPwQ3fqYQWjHjA5-q17Kx1U~WSV35P7iNzHKNfeEBnbMTWr-ixdofWJKuErtMf1eU~gn5IFcb00hz0grx6g-qAnoX4G2EEzU6R2UbmuvAhUyhQJXqbMfdInzOiZrmLIWLi6rn2ruiHX7YCcnlLPiVqO0nvu2ceIoytSHDBxNd0p1SRf~o6mU5hyT-DEwcuJQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="26752754"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/26752754/Information_Flow_Structure_in_Large_Scale_Product_Development_Organizational_Networks"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Information Flow Structure in Large-Scale Product Development Organizational Networks" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/47031042/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/26752754/Information_Flow_Structure_in_Large_Scale_Product_Development_Organizational_Networks">Information Flow Structure in Large-Scale Product Development Organizational Networks</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Smart Business Networks</span><span>, 2004</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">This paper analyzes the statistical properties of real-world networks of people engaged in produc...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">This paper analyzes the statistical properties of real-world networks of people engaged in product development (PD) activities. We show that complex PD networks display similar statistical patterns to other real-world complex social, information, biological and technological networks. The paper lays out the foundations for understanding the properties of other intra- and inter-organizational networks that are realized by specific network architectures.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="1571c365f278b8037e062d828f7d6350" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":47031042,"asset_id":26752754,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47031042/download_file?st=MTczMjc2MDU0MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjc2MDU0MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="26752754"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="26752754"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 26752754; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=26752754]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=26752754]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 26752754; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='26752754']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 26752754, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "1571c365f278b8037e062d828f7d6350" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=26752754]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":26752754,"title":"Information Flow Structure in Large-Scale Product Development Organizational Networks","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"This paper analyzes the statistical properties of real-world networks of people engaged in product development (PD) activities. 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$a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="26752753"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/26752753/Untangling_the_Information_Web_of_Complex_System_Design"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Untangling the Information Web of Complex System Design" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/47031038/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/26752753/Untangling_the_Information_Web_of_Complex_System_Design">Untangling the Information Web of Complex System Design</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Symposium on Complex Systems Engineering</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Understanding the structure and function of complex networks has recently become the foundation f...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Understanding the structure and function of complex networks has recently become the foundation for explaining many different real-world complex biological, technological and informal social phenomena. The analysis of these networks has uncovered surprising statistical structural properties that have also been shown to have a major effect on their functionality, dynamics, robustness, and fragility. This paper examines the statistical properties of</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="4eee6c6e594fc56e370c33eef9c89df3" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":47031038,"asset_id":26752753,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47031038/download_file?st=MTczMjc2MDU0MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjc2MDU0MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="26752753"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="26752753"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 26752753; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=26752753]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=26752753]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 26752753; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='26752753']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 26752753, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "4eee6c6e594fc56e370c33eef9c89df3" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=26752753]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":26752753,"title":"Untangling the Information Web of Complex System Design","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Understanding the structure and function of complex networks has recently become the foundation for explaining many different real-world complex biological, technological and informal social phenomena. 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Systems Engineering Fails --- Toward Complex Systems Engineering" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/47272716/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/26752752/When_Systems_Engineering_Fails_Toward_Complex_Systems_Engineering">When Systems Engineering Fails --- Toward Complex Systems Engineering</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>SMC'03 Conference Proceedings. 2003 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics. Conference Theme - System Security and Assurance (Cat. No.03CH37483)</span><span>, 2003</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">We review the lessons learned from problems with systems engineering over the past couple of deca...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">We review the lessons learned from problems with systems engineering over the past couple of decades and suggest that there are two effective strategies for overcoming them: (1) restricting the conventional systems engineering process to not-too-complex projects, and (2) adopting an evolutionary paradigm for complex systems engineering that involves rapid parallel exploration and a context designed to promote change through competition between design/implementation groups with field testing of multiple variants. The second approach is an extension of many of the increasingly popular variants of systems engineering today.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="3f09f88711a6d436cac83f9cd23ef409" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":47272716,"asset_id":26752752,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47272716/download_file?st=MTczMjc2MDU0MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="26752752"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="26752752"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 26752752; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=26752752]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=26752752]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 26752752; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='26752752']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 26752752, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "3f09f88711a6d436cac83f9cd23ef409" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=26752752]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":26752752,"title":"When Systems Engineering Fails --- Toward Complex Systems Engineering","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"We review the lessons learned from problems with systems engineering over the past couple of decades and suggest that there are two effective strategies for overcoming them: (1) restricting the conventional systems engineering process to not-too-complex projects, and (2) adopting an evolutionary paradigm for complex systems engineering that involves rapid parallel exploration and a context designed to promote change through competition between design/implementation groups with field testing of multiple variants. The second approach is an extension of many of the increasingly popular variants of systems engineering today.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2003,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"SMC'03 Conference Proceedings. 2003 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics. Conference Theme - System Security and Assurance (Cat. No.03CH37483)"},"translated_abstract":"We review the lessons learned from problems with systems engineering over the past couple of decades and suggest that there are two effective strategies for overcoming them: (1) restricting the conventional systems engineering process to not-too-complex projects, and (2) adopting an evolutionary paradigm for complex systems engineering that involves rapid parallel exploration and a context designed to promote change through competition between design/implementation groups with field testing of multiple variants. 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We examin...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Current infection control strategies focus on the point of contact between individuals.<br />We examine the magnitude of the movement of pathogens throughout the different<br />geographic components of a prototypical hospital, and a rational for considering<br />system-level strategies that reduce the spatial movement of pathogens.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="69dae2b5ce48de94aecae09a4923c1b7" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":47031037,"asset_id":26752751,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" 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text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/26752750/Bioinspired_Environmental_Coordination_in_Spatial_Computing_Systems">Bioinspired Environmental Coordination in Spatial Computing Systems</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>2008 Second IEEE International Conference on Self-Adaptive and Self-Organizing Systems Workshops</span><span>, 2008</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Spatial computing systems are characterized by the extended physical environment in which they ex...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Spatial computing systems are characterized by the extended physical environment in which they exist and function. Often this environment can be manipulated in various ways by the computing agents. We argue that it is important to consider the potential use of the environment for coordination and indirect communication in such systems. For inherently spatial problems, it can be more effective to store spatially relevant information in the environment rather than in the computing devices, as in the case of mobile agents or long-term physical structures. In scientific settings, considering the role of the environment can illuminate mechanisms or processes that might otherwise be overlooked; in engineering problems, it can provide simpler and more effective solutions than could be achieved by relying on the computing devices alone. We give as examples problems related to foraging, collective construction, simultaneous localization and mapping, object tracking, and behaviors of living tissues. We suggest in closing a classification scheme for capabilities of environmental elements, relevant to the design of physically embodied spatial computing systems.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="4446ba8f7a529fb825f90f96e3587fe9" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":47031120,"asset_id":26752750,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47031120/download_file?st=MTczMjc2MDU0MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="26752750"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="26752750"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 26752750; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=26752750]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=26752750]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 26752750; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='26752750']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 26752750, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "4446ba8f7a529fb825f90f96e3587fe9" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=26752750]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":26752750,"title":"Bioinspired Environmental Coordination in Spatial Computing Systems","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Spatial computing systems are characterized by the extended physical environment in which they exist and function. 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This non-uniformity must change our understanding of evolutionary dynamics, as the same organism in different places can have different expected evolutionary outcomes. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="16359808"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/16359808/Cell_fates_as_high_dimensional_attractor_states_of_a_complex_gene_regulatory_network"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Cell fates as high-dimensional attractor states of a complex gene regulatory network" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/42512256/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/16359808/Cell_fates_as_high_dimensional_attractor_states_of_a_complex_gene_regulatory_network">Cell fates as high-dimensional attractor states of a complex gene regulatory network</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/GabrielEichler">Gabriel Eichler</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://necsi.academia.edu/YaneerBarYam">Yaneer Bar-Yam</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Physical review letters</span><span>, 2005</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Cells in multicellular organisms switch between distinct cell fates, such as proliferation or dif...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Cells in multicellular organisms switch between distinct cell fates, such as proliferation or differentiation into specialized cell types. Genome-wide gene regulatory networks govern this behavior. Theoretical studies of complex networks suggest that they can exhibit ordered (stable) dynamics, raising the possibility that cell fates may represent high-dimensional attractor states. We used gene expression profiling to show that trajectories of neutrophil differentiation converge to a common state from different directions of a 2773-dimensional gene expression state space, providing the first experimental evidence for a high-dimensional stable attractor that represents a distinct cellular phenotype.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="1edbcf30be15407ee796bf4acb20a5da" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":42512256,"asset_id":16359808,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/42512256/download_file?st=MTczMjc2MDU0Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="16359808"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="16359808"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 16359808; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=16359808]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=16359808]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 16359808; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='16359808']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 16359808, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "1edbcf30be15407ee796bf4acb20a5da" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=16359808]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":16359808,"title":"Cell fates as high-dimensional attractor states of a complex gene regulatory network","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Cells in multicellular organisms switch between distinct cell fates, such as proliferation or differentiation into specialized cell types. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="26752747"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/26752747/Mean_field_approximation_to_a_spatial_host_pathogen_model"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Mean-field approximation to a spatial host-pathogen model" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/47031119/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/26752747/Mean_field_approximation_to_a_spatial_host_pathogen_model">Mean-field approximation to a spatial host-pathogen model</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Physical review. E, Statistical, nonlinear, and soft matter physics</span><span>, 2003</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">We study the mean-field approximation to a simple spatial host-pathogen model that has been shown...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">We study the mean-field approximation to a simple spatial host-pathogen model that has been shown to display interesting evolutionary properties. We show that previous derivations of the mean-field equations for this model are actually only low-density approximations to the true mean-field limit. We derive the correct equations and the corresponding equations including pair correlations. The process of invasion by a mutant type of pathogen is also discussed.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="faf1e55350790167fdedf77365573194" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":47031119,"asset_id":26752747,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47031119/download_file?st=MTczMjc2MDU0Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="26752747"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="26752747"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 26752747; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=26752747]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=26752747]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 26752747; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='26752747']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 26752747, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "faf1e55350790167fdedf77365573194" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=26752747]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":26752747,"title":"Mean-field approximation to a spatial host-pathogen model","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"We study the mean-field approximation to a simple spatial host-pathogen model that has been shown to display interesting evolutionary properties. We show that previous derivations of the mean-field equations for this model are actually only low-density approximations to the true mean-field limit. We derive the correct equations and the corresponding equations including pair correlations. The process of invasion by a mutant type of pathogen is also discussed.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2003,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Physical review. E, Statistical, nonlinear, and soft matter physics"},"translated_abstract":"We study the mean-field approximation to a simple spatial host-pathogen model that has been shown to display interesting evolutionary properties. We show that previous derivations of the mean-field equations for this model are actually only low-density approximations to the true mean-field limit. We derive the correct equations and the corresponding equations including pair correlations. The process of invasion by a mutant type of pathogen is also discussed.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/26752747/Mean_field_approximation_to_a_spatial_host_pathogen_model","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2016-07-05T09:59:31.115-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":131282,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":22434731,"work_id":26752747,"tagging_user_id":131282,"tagged_user_id":37962903,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"a***r@ifi.unicamp.br","display_order":-2,"name":"Marcus Aguiar","title":"Mean-field approximation to a spatial host-pathogen model"},{"id":22434680,"work_id":26752747,"tagging_user_id":131282,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":4841592,"email":"r***h@necsi.org","display_order":-1,"name":"Erik Rauch","title":"Mean-field approximation to a spatial host-pathogen model"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":47031119,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/47031119/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"pre_strains.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47031119/download_file?st=MTczMjc2MDU0Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Mean_field_approximation_to_a_spatial_ho.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/47031119/pre_strains-libre.pdf?1467738408=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DMean_field_approximation_to_a_spatial_ho.pdf\u0026Expires=1732764142\u0026Signature=Snjpl4nHe8xuF~ukESnlCsdoDw~dltJJaYCBHENPmowQrDvKNaW-es7XUwM3Nv69oJDox2DgWezdA12FDt5GLM0j3p8XXrCCznSKVIp8Hgk6ZrVQMTUTo~11E9uiTMg2tAJwxlCT51XMvghftDftLyeiSRMAtftY~q5bVGjtwnltdpSl9s-zXQGaxm9JNCQZm5MwAeNjGjqjNylaCfA8tLk~WVjgwTCC404-twjl3v5MWn~GTOuSx4quj9xQHLAd31hzZ5EQZ~jpk5KL5zVtJ2ROzKgz~KTfGRPqJHcKZQdU1-R9l~v4uoWa~kB8wltnlQgEc00iO1YSwvgwyg~tvw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Mean_field_approximation_to_a_spatial_host_pathogen_model","translated_slug":"","page_count":4,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":131282,"first_name":"Yaneer","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Bar-Yam","page_name":"YaneerBarYam","domain_name":"necsi","created_at":"2010-02-11T08:12:03.049-08:00","display_name":"Yaneer Bar-Yam","url":"https://necsi.academia.edu/YaneerBarYam"},"attachments":[{"id":47031119,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/47031119/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"pre_strains.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47031119/download_file?st=MTczMjc2MDU0Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Mean_field_approximation_to_a_spatial_ho.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/47031119/pre_strains-libre.pdf?1467738408=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DMean_field_approximation_to_a_spatial_ho.pdf\u0026Expires=1732764142\u0026Signature=Snjpl4nHe8xuF~ukESnlCsdoDw~dltJJaYCBHENPmowQrDvKNaW-es7XUwM3Nv69oJDox2DgWezdA12FDt5GLM0j3p8XXrCCznSKVIp8Hgk6ZrVQMTUTo~11E9uiTMg2tAJwxlCT51XMvghftDftLyeiSRMAtftY~q5bVGjtwnltdpSl9s-zXQGaxm9JNCQZm5MwAeNjGjqjNylaCfA8tLk~WVjgwTCC404-twjl3v5MWn~GTOuSx4quj9xQHLAd31hzZ5EQZ~jpk5KL5zVtJ2ROzKgz~KTfGRPqJHcKZQdU1-R9l~v4uoWa~kB8wltnlQgEc00iO1YSwvgwyg~tvw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering"},{"id":963,"name":"Lattice Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lattice_Theory"},{"id":80414,"name":"Mathematical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematical_Sciences"},{"id":118582,"name":"Physical sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physical_sciences"},{"id":236377,"name":"Spatial Distribution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spatial_Distribution"},{"id":741671,"name":"Markov Process","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Markov_Process"},{"id":1208976,"name":"Mean Field Approximation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mean_Field_Approximation"}],"urls":[{"id":7327367,"url":"http://necsi.edu/research/evoeco/meanfieldapprox.html"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="26752746"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/26752746/Stability_and_instability_of_polymorphic_populations_and_the_role_of_multiple_breeding_seasons_in_phase_III_of_Wrights_shifting_balance_theory"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Stability and instability of polymorphic populations and the role of multiple breeding seasons in phase III of Wright's shifting balance theory" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/47031138/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/26752746/Stability_and_instability_of_polymorphic_populations_and_the_role_of_multiple_breeding_seasons_in_phase_III_of_Wrights_shifting_balance_theory">Stability and instability of polymorphic populations and the role of multiple breeding seasons in phase III of Wright's shifting balance theory</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Physical review. E, Statistical, nonlinear, and soft matter physics</span><span>, 2002</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">It is generally difficult for a large population at a fitness peak to acquire the genotypes of a ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">It is generally difficult for a large population at a fitness peak to acquire the genotypes of a higher peak, because the intermediates produced by allelic recombination between types at different peaks are of lower fitness. In his shifting-balance theory, Wright proposed that fitter genotypes could, however, become fixed in small isolated demes by means of random genetic fluctuations. These demes would then try to spread their genome to nearby demes by migration of their individuals. The resulting polymorphism, the coexistence of individuals with different genotypes, would give the invaded demes a chance to move up to a higher fitness peak. This last step of the process, namely, the invasion of lower fitness demes by higher fitness genotypes, is known as phase III of Wright&#39;s theory. Here we study the invasion process from the point of view of the stability of polymorphic populations. Invasion occurs when the polymorphic equilibrium, established at low migration rates, becomes ...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="2c19b226905f12e0b369fec823570d6f" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":47031138,"asset_id":26752746,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47031138/download_file?st=MTczMjc2MDU0Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="26752746"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="26752746"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 26752746; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=26752746]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=26752746]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 26752746; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='26752746']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 26752746, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "2c19b226905f12e0b369fec823570d6f" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=26752746]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":26752746,"title":"Stability and instability of polymorphic populations and the role of multiple breeding seasons in phase III of Wright's shifting balance theory","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"It is generally difficult for a large population at a fitness peak to acquire the genotypes of a higher peak, because the intermediates produced by allelic recombination between types at different peaks are of lower fitness. In his shifting-balance theory, Wright proposed that fitter genotypes could, however, become fixed in small isolated demes by means of random genetic fluctuations. These demes would then try to spread their genome to nearby demes by migration of their individuals. The resulting polymorphism, the coexistence of individuals with different genotypes, would give the invaded demes a chance to move up to a higher fitness peak. This last step of the process, namely, the invasion of lower fitness demes by higher fitness genotypes, is known as phase III of Wright\u0026#39;s theory. Here we study the invasion process from the point of view of the stability of polymorphic populations. Invasion occurs when the polymorphic equilibrium, established at low migration rates, becomes ...","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2002,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Physical review. E, Statistical, nonlinear, and soft matter physics"},"translated_abstract":"It is generally difficult for a large population at a fitness peak to acquire the genotypes of a higher peak, because the intermediates produced by allelic recombination between types at different peaks are of lower fitness. In his shifting-balance theory, Wright proposed that fitter genotypes could, however, become fixed in small isolated demes by means of random genetic fluctuations. These demes would then try to spread their genome to nearby demes by migration of their individuals. The resulting polymorphism, the coexistence of individuals with different genotypes, would give the invaded demes a chance to move up to a higher fitness peak. This last step of the process, namely, the invasion of lower fitness demes by higher fitness genotypes, is known as phase III of Wright\u0026#39;s theory. Here we study the invasion process from the point of view of the stability of polymorphic populations. 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The approach is based on a novel two-space algorithm that enables 50% of the monomers to be updated in parallel. The simplicity of this algorithm enables implementation and comparison of different platforms. Such comparisons are relevant to a wide variety of scientific applications. We tested this algorithm on three commercially available machines, the MP-1, KSR1, and CM-2; and on a prototype of the CAM-8 architecture. Among the commercial machines we found the MP-1 provided the best performance for highly-parallel fine-grained simulations. Effective utilization of the KSR1 was achieved with attention to synchronization requirements. The small (8 node) CAM-8 prototype, with a kind and cost of hardware comparable to an engineering workstation, achieved a performance within a factor of two of the MP-1 for our application.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="d1fcb3901ff8511f5f7e5d0c8bac6c70" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":47031122,"asset_id":26752744,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47031122/download_file?st=MTczMjc2MDU0Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="26752744"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="26752744"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 26752744; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=26752744]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=26752744]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 26752744; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='26752744']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 26752744, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "d1fcb3901ff8511f5f7e5d0c8bac6c70" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=26752744]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":26752744,"title":"Massively Parallel Architectures and Polymer Simulation","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"A new approach to polymer simulation well suited to massively parallel architectures is presented. 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The approach is based on a novel two-space algorithm that enables 50% of the monomers to be updated in parallel. The simplicity of this algorithm enables implementation and comparison of different platforms. Such comparisons are relevant to a wide variety of scientific applications. We tested this algorithm on three commercially available machines, the MP-1, KSR1, and CM-2; and on a prototype of the CAM-8 architecture. Among the commercial machines we found the MP-1 provided the best performance for highly-parallel fine-grained simulations. Effective utilization of the KSR1 was achieved with attention to synchronization requirements. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="26752743"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/26752743/The_role_of_spontaneous_pattern_formation_in_the_creation_and_maintenance_of_biological_diversity"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The role of spontaneous pattern formation in the creation and maintenance of biological diversity" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/47031112/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/26752743/The_role_of_spontaneous_pattern_formation_in_the_creation_and_maintenance_of_biological_diversity">The role of spontaneous pattern formation in the creation and maintenance of biological diversity</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Unifying Themes in Complex Systems</span><span>, 2006</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">We show that in the presense of disruptive selection, spatial distributions of sexually reproduci...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">We show that in the presense of disruptive selection, spatial distributions of sexually reproducing organisms with local mating neighborhoods give rise to symmetry breaking and spontaneous pattern formation in the genetic composition of local populations. Global dynamics follows conventional coarsening of systems with non-conserved order parameters in statistical physics. These patterns interact with boundary and internal barrier structures so as to generate counter-intuitive increases in diversity in patches with high perimeter-to-core ratios. The results have significant implications for the creation and maintenance of biological diversity and species formation.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="bf8d8c5c06bb3be3f9db4acfa932a1e0" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":47031112,"asset_id":26752743,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47031112/download_file?st=MTczMjc2MDU0Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="26752743"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="26752743"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 26752743; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=26752743]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=26752743]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 26752743; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='26752743']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 26752743, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "bf8d8c5c06bb3be3f9db4acfa932a1e0" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=26752743]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":26752743,"title":"The role of spontaneous pattern formation in the creation and maintenance of biological diversity","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"We show that in the presense of disruptive selection, spatial distributions of sexually reproducing organisms with local mating neighborhoods give rise to symmetry breaking and spontaneous pattern formation in the genetic composition of local populations. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="26752742"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/26752742/A_Complex_Systems_Perspective_on_How_Agents_can_Support_Collaborative_Design"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of A Complex Systems Perspective on How Agents can Support Collaborative Design" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/47031108/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/26752742/A_Complex_Systems_Perspective_on_How_Agents_can_Support_Collaborative_Design">A Complex Systems Perspective on How Agents can Support Collaborative Design</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Multiagent Systems, Artificial Societies, and Simulated Organizations</span><span>, 2003</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Complex artifacts are typically created via the interaction of many, sometimes thousands of parti...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Complex artifacts are typically created via the interaction of many, sometimes thousands of participants, working on different elements of the design. This collaborative design process is expensive and time-consuming because of the strong interdependencies between design decisions. Complex systems research has much to offer to the understanding of the dynamics of this process. This chapter offers insights derived from this novel perspective.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="2a87303b7be58240fb609744e99bfb53" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":47031108,"asset_id":26752742,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47031108/download_file?st=MTczMjc2MDU0Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="26752742"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="26752742"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 26752742; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=26752742]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=26752742]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 26752742; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='26752742']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 26752742, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "2a87303b7be58240fb609744e99bfb53" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=26752742]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":26752742,"title":"A Complex Systems Perspective on How Agents can Support Collaborative Design","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Complex artifacts are typically created via the interaction of many, sometimes thousands of participants, working on different elements of the design. 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This chapter offers insights derived from this novel perspective.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/26752742/A_Complex_Systems_Perspective_on_How_Agents_can_Support_Collaborative_Design","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2016-07-05T09:59:30.297-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":131282,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":22517413,"work_id":26752742,"tagging_user_id":131282,"tagged_user_id":40671976,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"s***a@binghamton.edu","display_order":-2,"name":"Hiroki Sayama","title":"A Complex Systems Perspective on How Agents can Support Collaborative Design"},{"id":22517419,"work_id":26752742,"tagging_user_id":131282,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":2052331,"email":"p***n@mit.edu","display_order":-1,"name":"Peyman Faratin","title":"A Complex Systems Perspective on How Agents can Support Collaborative Design"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":47031108,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/47031108/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"klein-ascw.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47031108/download_file?st=MTczMjc2MDU0Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"A_Complex_Systems_Perspective_on_How_Age.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/47031108/klein-ascw-libre.pdf?1467738409=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DA_Complex_Systems_Perspective_on_How_Age.pdf\u0026Expires=1732764143\u0026Signature=Uy~AzXKKbuBZn81GAf3Uc~DfdoJ9vK~Q9gjAV2i6UQwHuS-dSckNfKIek7fs9BuMCU-T3SwMB4QryNDdigqd5CNzzAiB-CHlgk1x5tGDoeNZE5K8jn3Xl4HE900aZNEJ-3TfhHbD82wn9W9CAp9T01AqFaoJyVojfxT7QF~lZFjV7eCx0toBLxLUH6Thek79Yke96N-HbBXav3nU5FbvFJA2IKYvEAcF3ebnBh3wl9eDEgCoo-QzL2tDOLpGHlgsaKSHOTORZ0g2FISrHKOu4qZ0faK6IapdKP45Lc1BEH4HiV7tQkaYHmT8x907GekU-lyAhUuj4~cdapw~i~uXCg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"A_Complex_Systems_Perspective_on_How_Agents_can_Support_Collaborative_Design","translated_slug":"","page_count":16,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":131282,"first_name":"Yaneer","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Bar-Yam","page_name":"YaneerBarYam","domain_name":"necsi","created_at":"2010-02-11T08:12:03.049-08:00","display_name":"Yaneer Bar-Yam","url":"https://necsi.academia.edu/YaneerBarYam"},"attachments":[{"id":47031108,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/47031108/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"klein-ascw.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47031108/download_file?st=MTczMjc2MDU0Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"A_Complex_Systems_Perspective_on_How_Age.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/47031108/klein-ascw-libre.pdf?1467738409=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DA_Complex_Systems_Perspective_on_How_Age.pdf\u0026Expires=1732764143\u0026Signature=Uy~AzXKKbuBZn81GAf3Uc~DfdoJ9vK~Q9gjAV2i6UQwHuS-dSckNfKIek7fs9BuMCU-T3SwMB4QryNDdigqd5CNzzAiB-CHlgk1x5tGDoeNZE5K8jn3Xl4HE900aZNEJ-3TfhHbD82wn9W9CAp9T01AqFaoJyVojfxT7QF~lZFjV7eCx0toBLxLUH6Thek79Yke96N-HbBXav3nU5FbvFJA2IKYvEAcF3ebnBh3wl9eDEgCoo-QzL2tDOLpGHlgsaKSHOTORZ0g2FISrHKOu4qZ0faK6IapdKP45Lc1BEH4HiV7tQkaYHmT8x907GekU-lyAhUuj4~cdapw~i~uXCg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[],"urls":[{"id":7337224,"url":"http://necsi.edu/research/management/agentscollabdesign.html"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="26752741"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/26752741/Simple_Negotiating_Agents_in_Complex_Games_Emergent_Equilibria_and_Dominance_of_Strategies"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Simple Negotiating Agents in Complex Games: Emergent Equilibria and Dominance of Strategies" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/47031214/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/26752741/Simple_Negotiating_Agents_in_Complex_Games_Emergent_Equilibria_and_Dominance_of_Strategies">Simple Negotiating Agents in Complex Games: Emergent Equilibria and Dominance of Strategies</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Lecture Notes in Computer Science</span><span>, 2002</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">We present a simple model of distributed multi-agent multi-issued contract negotiation for open s...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">We present a simple model of distributed multi-agent multi-issued contract negotiation for open systems where interactions are competitive and information is private and not shared. We then investigate via simulations two different approximate optimization strategies and quantify the contribution and costs of each towards the quality of the solutions reached. To evaluate the role of knowledge the obtained results are compared to more cooperative strategies where agents share more information. Interesting social dilemmas emerge that suggest the design of incentive mechanisms.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="243de8b650f8b3cd9b6fc12ab4a69d7e" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":47031214,"asset_id":26752741,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47031214/download_file?st=MTczMjc2MDU0Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="26752741"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="26752741"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 26752741; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=26752741]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=26752741]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 26752741; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='26752741']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 26752741, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "243de8b650f8b3cd9b6fc12ab4a69d7e" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=26752741]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":26752741,"title":"Simple Negotiating Agents in Complex Games: Emergent Equilibria and Dominance of Strategies","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"We present a simple model of distributed multi-agent multi-issued contract negotiation for open systems where interactions are competitive and information is private and not shared. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="26752740"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/26752740/Symmetry_breaking_and_coarsening_in_spatially_distributed_evolutionary_processes_including_sexual_reproduction_and_disruptive_selection"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Symmetry breaking and coarsening in spatially distributed evolutionary processes including sexual reproduction and disruptive selection" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/47031123/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/26752740/Symmetry_breaking_and_coarsening_in_spatially_distributed_evolutionary_processes_including_sexual_reproduction_and_disruptive_selection">Symmetry breaking and coarsening in spatially distributed evolutionary processes including sexual reproduction and disruptive selection</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Physical Review E</span><span>, 2000</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Sexual reproduction presents significant challenges to formal treatment of evolutionary processes...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Sexual reproduction presents significant challenges to formal treatment of evolutionary processes. A starting point for systematic treatments of ecological and evolutionary phenomena has been provided by the gene centered view of evolution which assigns effective fitness to each allele instead of each organism. The gene centered view can be formalized as a dynamic mean field approximation applied to genes in reproduction/selection dynamics. We show that the gene centered view breaks down for symmetry breaking and pattern formation within a population; and show that spatial distributions of organisms with local mating neighborhoods in the presence of disruptive selection give rise to such symmetry breaking and pattern formation in the genetic composition of local populations. Global dynamics follows conventional coarsening of systems with nonconserved order parameters. The results have significant implications for the ecology of genetic diversity and species formation.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="b4e0f01b80152fe35bf7391d5bbf3bd3" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":47031123,"asset_id":26752740,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47031123/download_file?st=MTczMjc2MDU0Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="26752740"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="26752740"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 26752740; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=26752740]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=26752740]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 26752740; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='26752740']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 26752740, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "b4e0f01b80152fe35bf7391d5bbf3bd3" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=26752740]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":26752740,"title":"Symmetry breaking and coarsening in spatially distributed evolutionary processes including sexual reproduction and disruptive selection","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Sexual reproduction presents significant challenges to formal treatment of evolutionary processes. 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