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id="toc-Muslim_regions_in_China_and_Taiwan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Muslim_regions_in_China_and_Taiwan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Muslim regions in China and Taiwan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Muslim_regions_in_China_and_Taiwan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hakka" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hakka"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Hakka</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hakka-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hunan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hunan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Hunan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hunan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Guangdong_and_Hong_Kong" 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class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sichuan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.7</span> <span>Sichuan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sichuan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_Thailand" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_Thailand"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.8</span> <span>In Thailand</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_Thailand-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_Vietnam" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_Vietnam"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.9</span> <span>In Vietnam</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_Vietnam-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Comparison" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Comparison"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Comparison</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Comparison-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_popular_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_popular_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>In popular culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_popular_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" 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href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%8F%B8%EC%B0%A8%EC%9D%B4" title="쏸차이 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="쏸차이" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sayur_asin" title="Sayur asin – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Sayur asin" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suan_cai" title="Suan cai – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Suan cai" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suan_cai" title="Suan cai – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Suan cai" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%85%B8%E8%8F%9C" title="酸菜 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="酸菜" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B6%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%89%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2" title="ซึงฉ่าย – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ซึงฉ่าย" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="color: #202122;background-color:#b0c4de">Suan cai</th></tr><tr style="display:none;"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image notheme" style="background-color: #f8f9fa;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Sayur_asin_pickles.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Sayur_asin_pickles.JPG/250px-Sayur_asin_pickles.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Sayur_asin_pickles.JPG/330px-Sayur_asin_pickles.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Sayur_asin_pickles.JPG/500px-Sayur_asin_pickles.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2848" data-file-height="2136" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">A tub of suancai made from <a href="/wiki/Chinese_mustard" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinese mustard">Chinese mustard</a>.</div></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Chinese_language" title="Chinese language">Chinese</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hani" style="font-size: 1rem;"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E9%85%B8" class="extiw" title="wikt:酸">酸</a><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E8%8F%9C" class="extiw" title="wikt:菜">菜</a></span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal"><a href="/wiki/Hanyu_Pinyin" class="mw-redirect" title="Hanyu Pinyin">Hanyu Pinyin</a></th><td class="infobox-data">suān cài</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;">Literal meaning</th><td class="infobox-data">Sour vegetable</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /><table class="infobox-subbox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="display:inline-table; text-align: left;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%; text-align: left;color: #202122; background-color: #f9ffbc;">Transcriptions</th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Standard_Chinese" title="Standard Chinese">Standard Mandarin</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Hanyu_Pinyin" class="mw-redirect" title="Hanyu Pinyin">Hanyu Pinyin</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="zh-Latn">suān cài</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Wade%E2%80%93Giles" title="Wade–Giles">Wade–Giles</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="zh-Latn">suan<sup>1</sup>-ts'ai<sup>4</sup></span></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Mandarin_Chinese" title="Mandarin Chinese">other Mandarin</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Dungan_language" title="Dungan language">Dungan</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Cyrl" style="font-style: normal;">Сўан цаы</span></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Cantonese" title="Cantonese">Yue: Cantonese</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Yale_romanization_of_Cantonese" title="Yale romanization of Cantonese">Yale Romanization</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Yue Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="yue-Latn">syūn choi</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Jyutping" title="Jyutping">Jyutping</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Yue Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="yue-Latn">syun1 coi3</span></span></td></tr></tbody></table></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #b0c4de;">Alternative Chinese name</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Chinese_language" title="Chinese language">Chinese</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hani" style="font-size: 1rem;"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E9%B9%B9" class="extiw" title="wikt:鹹">鹹</a><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E8%8F%9C" class="extiw" title="wikt:菜">菜</a></span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal"><a href="/wiki/Hanyu_Pinyin" class="mw-redirect" title="Hanyu Pinyin">Hanyu Pinyin</a></th><td class="infobox-data">xián cài</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;">Literal meaning</th><td class="infobox-data">Salty vegetable</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /><table class="infobox-subbox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="display:inline-table; text-align: left;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%; text-align: left;color: #202122; background-color: #f9ffbc;">Transcriptions</th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Standard_Chinese" title="Standard Chinese">Standard Mandarin</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Hanyu_Pinyin" class="mw-redirect" title="Hanyu Pinyin">Hanyu Pinyin</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="zh-Latn">xián cài</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Wade%E2%80%93Giles" title="Wade–Giles">Wade–Giles</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="zh-Latn">hsien<sup>2</sup>-ts'ai<sup>4</sup></span></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Mandarin_Chinese" title="Mandarin Chinese">other Mandarin</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Dungan_language" title="Dungan language">Dungan</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Cyrl" style="font-style: normal;">Щыән цаы</span></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Cantonese" title="Cantonese">Yue: Cantonese</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Yale_romanization_of_Cantonese" title="Yale romanization of Cantonese">Yale Romanization</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Yue Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="yue-Latn">hàahm choi</span></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Southern_Min" title="Southern Min">Southern Min</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Hokkien" title="Hokkien">Hokkien</a> <a href="/wiki/Pe%CC%8Dh-%C5%8De-j%C4%AB" title="Pe̍h-ōe-jī">POJ</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Min Nan Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="nan-Latn">kiâm-chhài</span></span></td></tr></tbody></table></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><i><b>Suancai</b></i> (also called <i><b>suan tsai</b></i> and <b>Chinese sauerkraut</b>; <abbr style="font-size:85%" title="literal translation">lit.</abbr><span style="white-space: nowrap;"> </span><span class="gloss-quot">'</span><span class="gloss-text">sour vegetable</span><span class="gloss-quot">'</span>) is a traditional <a href="/wiki/Chinese_cuisine" title="Chinese cuisine">Chinese</a> <a href="/wiki/Pickling" title="Pickling">pickled</a> <a href="/wiki/Chinese_cabbage" title="Chinese cabbage">Chinese cabbage</a> (<a href="/wiki/Napa_cabbage" title="Napa cabbage">napa cabbage</a>) or <a href="/wiki/Chinese_mustard" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinese mustard">Chinese mustard</a>, used for a variety of purposes. Suancai is a unique form of <a href="/wiki/Paocai" class="mw-redirect" title="Paocai">paocai</a>, due to the ingredients used and the method of production. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suan_cai&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div><p> In China, the earliest record of Chinese traditional Suan cai production is in <i>the <a href="/wiki/Classic_of_Poetry" title="Classic of Poetry">Book of Odes</a></i> (or <i><a href="/wiki/Classic_of_Poetry" title="Classic of Poetry">Classic of Poetry</a></i>), dating back to 11th to 7th centuries BC. During that time period, fermented vegetables were used as a sacrifice in the worship ceremony of ancestors. In the poem <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Xin_Nan_Shan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Xin Nan Shan (page does not exist)">Xin Nan Shan</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Chinese_language" title="Chinese language">Chinese</a>: <span lang="zh">信南山</span>; <a href="/wiki/Pinyin" title="Pinyin">pinyin</a>: <i><span lang="zh-Latn">xin nan shan</span></i>), there is a description of how the ancient Chinese produced suan cai by pickling gourds:<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p><blockquote><p>In the midst of the fields are the huts, 中田有廬、 </p><p>And along the bounding divisions are gourds. 疆場有瓜。 </p><p>The fruit(s) is sliced and pickled, 是剝是菹、 </p><p>To be presented to our great ancestors, 獻之皇祖。 </p><p>That their distant descendant may have long life, 曾孫壽考、 </p><p>And receive the blessing of Heaven. 受天之祜。 </p><p> —<i>Classic of Poetry</i> (translated by Xuepen Sun and Xiaoqian Zheng, in <i>Shi Jing [Book of Odes]</i>)</p></blockquote><p>In the 7th century BC, the workers building the <a href="/wiki/Great_Wall_of_China" title="Great Wall of China">Great Wall of China</a> lived on cabbages and rice. In order to preserve vegetables in winter, they began adding rice wine to the cabbages, which in turn fermented the cabbages and made the food sour.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A <a href="/wiki/Northern_Wei" title="Northern Wei">Northern Wei Dynasty</a> (386-534 AD) agricultural book, <i><a href="/wiki/Qimin_Yaoshu" title="Qimin Yaoshu">Ch’i Min Yao Shu</a></i>, illustrates the detailed procedure of producing 18 types of suan cai using different vegetables. Some of the vegetables are plain while others add salt in the suan cai.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This indicates that suan cai were commonly accepted and widely eaten by Chinese people during that time. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Production">Production</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suan_cai&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Production"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:D%C6%B0a_c%E1%BA%A3i_mu%E1%BB%91i.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/D%C6%B0a_c%E1%BA%A3i_mu%E1%BB%91i.JPG/250px-D%C6%B0a_c%E1%BA%A3i_mu%E1%BB%91i.JPG" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/D%C6%B0a_c%E1%BA%A3i_mu%E1%BB%91i.JPG/330px-D%C6%B0a_c%E1%BA%A3i_mu%E1%BB%91i.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/D%C6%B0a_c%E1%BA%A3i_mu%E1%BB%91i.JPG/500px-D%C6%B0a_c%E1%BA%A3i_mu%E1%BB%91i.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2304" /></a><figcaption>Vietnamese dưa cải muối </figcaption></figure> <p>Two distinct types of suancai are found in China: </p> <ol><li>Northern China has used <a href="/wiki/Napa_cabbage" title="Napa cabbage">napa cabbage</a> (<a href="/wiki/Chinese_language" title="Chinese language">Chinese</a>: <span lang="zh">大白菜</span>; <a href="/wiki/Pinyin" title="Pinyin">pinyin</a>: <i><span lang="zh-Latn">dàbáicài</span></i>) as the traditional vegetable of choice.</li> <li>Southern and Western China uses the thick stalk varieties of <a href="/wiki/Chinese_mustard" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinese mustard">Chinese mustard</a> (<a href="/wiki/Chinese_language" title="Chinese language">Chinese</a>: <span lang="zh">芥菜</span>; <a href="/wiki/Pinyin" title="Pinyin">pinyin</a>: <i><span lang="zh-Latn">jìecai</span></i>; <a href="/wiki/Jyutping" title="Jyutping">Jyutping</a>: <i><span lang="yue-Latn-jyutping">syun1 coi3</span></i>) variety to make <i>suancai</i>.</li></ol> <p>Production of <i>suancai</i> differs from other <i>paocai</i> in that the vegetable is compressed. This is accomplished by placing a heavy weight, such as a large rock, on top of the cover of the container so that the Chinese cabbage inside the container is slowly pressed as <a href="/wiki/Fermentation_(food)" class="mw-redirect" title="Fermentation (food)">fermentation</a> takes place. The processing of the vegetable helps to create a distinct flavor. </p><p>Suancai is often used in cooking with meat, especially <a href="/wiki/Pork" title="Pork">pork</a>. It is said<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Words_to_watch#Unsupported_attributions" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Words to watch"><span title="The material near this tag may use weasel words or too-vague attribution. (July 2021)">by whom?</span></a></i>]</sup> to neutralize the grease of the meat. </p><p>During wintertime, cabbages, mixed with salt, are preserved in jars and crocks to await <a href="/wiki/Fermentation" title="Fermentation">fermentation</a>. The fermentation process will take around one month “at <a href="/wiki/Ambient_temperature" class="mw-redirect" title="Ambient temperature">ambient temperature</a>.” There are two main methods for spontaneous fermentation by autochthonous <a href="/wiki/Microbiota" title="Microbiota">microbiota</a>—homemade and industrial processes. In the fermentation of suancai, salt plays an important role in affecting the growth and metabolism of microbes. The higher the salt concentration, the better quality and flavor of the suancai.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Nutrients">Nutrients</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suan_cai&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Nutrients"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Adding nutrients to suan cai can reduce the fermentation time and nitrite content of suan cai, for example, Asp, Thr, Glu, Cys, Tyr, Mg2+, Mn2+ and <a href="/wiki/Inosine_pranobex" title="Inosine pranobex">inosine</a>. With the condition of 10 °C (50 °F), the fermentation time of suan cai is reduced by 5 days compared with that of unsupplemented suan cai, and the nitrite content of suan cai supplemented with these nutrients was approximately 0.7 times less than that of suan cai without supplemented nutrients.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Regional">Regional</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suan_cai&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Regional"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Muslim_regions_in_China_and_Taiwan">Muslim regions in China and Taiwan</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suan_cai&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Muslim regions in China and Taiwan"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": 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a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks" style="width:15em"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of a series of articles on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle"><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Islamic_cuisine" title="Chinese Islamic cuisine">Chinese Islamic cuisine</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Barbecued_lamb_sticks.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Barbecued_lamb_sticks.jpg/120px-Barbecued_lamb_sticks.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Barbecued_lamb_sticks.jpg/250px-Barbecued_lamb_sticks.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#ddddff;"> Dishes</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lamian" title="Lamian">Lamian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chuan_(food)" title="Chuan (food)">Chuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beef_noodle_soup" title="Beef noodle soup">Beef noodle soup</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Suan cai</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Chinese_Islamic_cuisine" title="Template:Chinese Islamic cuisine"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Chinese_Islamic_cuisine" title="Template talk:Chinese Islamic cuisine"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Chinese_Islamic_cuisine" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Chinese Islamic cuisine"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Islamic_cuisine" title="Chinese Islamic cuisine">Chinese Islamic cuisine</a>, <i>suancai</i> can top off noodle soups, especially <a href="/wiki/Beef_noodle_soup" title="Beef noodle soup">beef noodle soup</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hakka">Hakka</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suan_cai&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Hakka"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Hakka_cuisine" title="Hakka cuisine">Hakka cuisine</a>, <i>suancai</i> (called <i>soen choi</i> in Hakka) is a common pantry staple used in many Hakka dishes, including stir fries.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hunan">Hunan</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suan_cai&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Hunan"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Hunan" title="Hunan">Hunan</a>, <i>suancai</i> is frequently made with ginger and chilies (typical of <a href="/wiki/Hunan_cuisine" title="Hunan cuisine">Hunan cuisine</a>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Guangdong_and_Hong_Kong">Guangdong and Hong Kong</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suan_cai&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Guangdong and Hong Kong"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Cantonese_cuisine" title="Cantonese cuisine">Cantonese cuisine</a>, it is served in a small dish, often as an appetizer, and usually free. Sometimes it can be available in mini-containers on the dining table. There are also Cantonese variations such as salted <i>suancai</i> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">鹹酸菜</span></span>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Northeast_China">Northeast China</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suan_cai&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Northeast China"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Suan_cai_pork_stew.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Suan_cai_pork_stew.jpg/250px-Suan_cai_pork_stew.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Suan_cai_pork_stew.jpg/330px-Suan_cai_pork_stew.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Suan_cai_pork_stew.jpg/500px-Suan_cai_pork_stew.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1064" /></a><figcaption>Suancai stewed with pork and <a href="/wiki/Cellophane_noodles" title="Cellophane noodles">cellophane noodle</a> is a very common dish in Northeastern China</figcaption></figure> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Northeastern_Chinese_cuisine" title="Northeastern Chinese cuisine">Northeastern Chinese cuisine</a>, suancai is made from <a href="/wiki/Napa_cabbage" title="Napa cabbage">napa cabbage</a> or head cabbage <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> and has a taste similar to <a href="/wiki/Sauerkraut" title="Sauerkraut">sauerkraut</a>. As part of the cuisine in <a href="/wiki/Manchuria" title="Manchuria">Manchuria</a>, it is used with <a href="/wiki/Dumpling" title="Dumpling">dumplings</a> and boiled, or <a href="/wiki/Stir_frying" title="Stir frying">stir fried</a>. More frequently, suancai is used to make suancai and pork stew. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hot_pot">Hot pot</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suan_cai&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Hot pot"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Hot_pot" title="Hot pot">hot pot</a> cuisine, it is often one of the ingredients. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sichuan">Sichuan</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suan_cai&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Sichuan"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In Sichuan cuisine, the dish suancai yu (simplified Chinese: <span lang="zh-Hans">酸菜鱼</span>; traditional Chinese: <span lang="zh-Hant">酸菜魚</span>; pinyin: <i><span lang="zh-Latn">Suāncài yú</span></i>) uses suancai. This dish is served in a broth. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="In_Thailand">In Thailand</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suan_cai&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: In Thailand"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Khao_soi_2_types.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Khao_soi_2_types.JPG/250px-Khao_soi_2_types.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Khao_soi_2_types.JPG/330px-Khao_soi_2_types.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Khao_soi_2_types.JPG/500px-Khao_soi_2_types.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="1920" /></a><figcaption>Two styles of <i>khao soi</i>. Pickled cabbage is used as a condiment with the curry version of <i>khao soi</i>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Suancai has also been incorporated into <a href="/wiki/Thai_cuisine" title="Thai cuisine">Thai cuisine</a>, where it is known as <i>phak kat dong</i> (ผักกาดดอง) when only the upper stem and leaf are used'. Most often used in Thai-Chinese dishes, it can also be served as an ingredient in a <a href="/wiki/Thai_salad" class="mw-redirect" title="Thai salad">Thai salad</a>, or as a condiment such as with <i><a href="/wiki/Khao_soi" title="Khao soi">khao soi</a></i>, a northern Thai curry-noodle soup. The chopped sour leaf and upper stem is combined with scrambled egg in the dish <i>pak khat dong pat kai</i>. When the dish includes only the main stem and tuber of the cabbage (in the style of <a href="/wiki/Zha_cai" title="Zha cai">zha cai</a>), it is called <i>chee chuan chai</i> in Thai. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="In_Vietnam">In Vietnam</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suan_cai&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: In Vietnam"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:D%C6%B0a_c%E1%BA%A3i_mu%E1%BB%91i.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/D%C6%B0a_c%E1%BA%A3i_mu%E1%BB%91i.JPG/250px-D%C6%B0a_c%E1%BA%A3i_mu%E1%BB%91i.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/D%C6%B0a_c%E1%BA%A3i_mu%E1%BB%91i.JPG/330px-D%C6%B0a_c%E1%BA%A3i_mu%E1%BB%91i.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/D%C6%B0a_c%E1%BA%A3i_mu%E1%BB%91i.JPG/500px-D%C6%B0a_c%E1%BA%A3i_mu%E1%BB%91i.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2304" /></a><figcaption>A jar of dưa cải muối</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:D%C6%B0a_mu%E1%BB%91i.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/D%C6%B0a_mu%E1%BB%91i.JPG/250px-D%C6%B0a_mu%E1%BB%91i.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/D%C6%B0a_mu%E1%BB%91i.JPG/330px-D%C6%B0a_mu%E1%BB%91i.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/D%C6%B0a_mu%E1%BB%91i.JPG/500px-D%C6%B0a_mu%E1%BB%91i.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2848" data-file-height="2136" /></a><figcaption>A plate of dưa muối</figcaption></figure> <p>Pickled mustard or <i>dưa cải chua</i> is a traditional staple in northern Vietnamese cuisine, using green mustard instead of Chinese cabbage. It is used as a side relish or in dishes such as <i>thịt kho dưa cải</i> (braised pork and pickled mustard), <i>canh cải chua</i> (sour mustard soup) and <i>cơm rang dưa bò</i> (fried rice with beef and pickles). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Comparison">Comparison</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suan_cai&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Comparison"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Suancai</i> is similar to a fermented-cabbage dish, <i><a href="/wiki/Sauerkraut" title="Sauerkraut">sauerkraut</a></i>, which is common in the cuisines of <a href="/wiki/Central_European_cuisine" title="Central European cuisine">Central</a> and <a href="/wiki/Eastern_European_cuisine" title="Eastern European cuisine">Eastern</a> Europe. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_popular_culture">In popular culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suan_cai&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: In popular culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A popular sitcom and namesake song depicting lives in Northeast China titled <i>Cui Hua Shang Suancai</i> (翠花, 上酸菜, <abbr style="font-size:85%" title="literal translation">lit.</abbr><span style="white-space: nowrap;"> </span><span class="gloss-quot">'</span><span class="gloss-text">Green Flower, serve the sour greens</span><span class="gloss-quot">'</span>) debuted in 2001, and the phrase Cui Hua Shang Suancai became a popular catch phrase. A company in China registered "Cui Hua" brand packaged suancai.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suan_cai&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1266661725">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/32px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/48px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/64px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:China" title="Portal:China">China portal</a></span></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Foodlogo2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Foodlogo2.svg/40px-Foodlogo2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Foodlogo2.svg/60px-Foodlogo2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Foodlogo2.svg/120px-Foodlogo2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="146" data-file-height="106" /></a></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Food" title="Portal:Food">Food portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sauerkraut" title="Sauerkraut">Sauerkraut</a> – A finely cut raw cabbage fermented by various lactic acid bacteria</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kimchi" title="Kimchi">Kimchi</a> – a Korean dish made with fermented cabbage in chili peppers</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zha_cai" title="Zha cai">Zha cai</a> – Pickled mustard plant stem from Chongqing, China</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tianjin_preserved_vegetable" title="Tianjin preserved vegetable">Tianjin preserved vegetable</a> – Type of pickled Chinese cabbage originating in Tianjin, China</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meigan_cai" title="Meigan cai">Meigan cai</a> – Type of dry pickled Chinese mustard</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gundruk" title="Gundruk">Gundruk</a> – Nepali fermented vegetable dish</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cabbage_dishes" title="List of cabbage dishes">List of cabbage dishes</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suan_cai&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns 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no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cti.lib.virginia.edu/shijing/AnoShih.html">"Shijing"</a>. <i>cti.lib.virginia.edu</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-12-07</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Sauerkraut%3A+It+All+Began+in+China&rft.date=1979-11-14&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1979%2F11%2F14%2Farchives%2Fsauerkraut-it-all-began-in-china.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASuan+cai" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFShenghan1962" class="citation book cs1">Shenghan, Shih (1962). <i>A preliminary survey of the book Ch'I Min Yao Shu, an Agricultural Encyclopaedia of the 6th Century Second Edition</i>. Peking: Science Press. pp. <span class="nowrap">53–</span>54.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+preliminary+survey+of+the+book+Ch%27I+Min+Yao+Shu%2C+an+Agricultural+Encyclopaedia+of+the+6th+Century+Second+Edition&rft.place=Peking&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E53-%3C%2Fspan%3E54&rft.pub=Science+Press&rft.date=1962&rft.aulast=Shenghan&rft.aufirst=Shih&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASuan+cai" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLiangHeWangSong2020" class="citation journal cs1">Liang, Huipeng; He, Zhen; Wang, Xinyi; Song, Ge; Chen, Huiying; Lin, Xinping; Ji, Chaofan; Zhang, Sufang (2020-11-01). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0963996920304099">"Bacterial profiles and volatile flavor compounds in commercial Suancai with varying salt concentration from Northeastern China"</a>. <i>Food Research International</i>. <b>137</b>: 109384. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.foodres.2020.109384">10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109384</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0963-9969">0963-9969</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33233086">33233086</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:224866467">224866467</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Food+Research+International&rft.atitle=Bacterial+profiles+and+volatile+flavor+compounds+in+commercial+Suancai+with+varying+salt+concentration+from+Northeastern+China&rft.volume=137&rft.pages=109384&rft.date=2020-11-01&rft.issn=0963-9969&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A224866467%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F33233086&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.foodres.2020.109384&rft.aulast=Liang&rft.aufirst=Huipeng&rft.au=He%2C+Zhen&rft.au=Wang%2C+Xinyi&rft.au=Song%2C+Ge&rft.au=Chen%2C+Huiying&rft.au=Lin%2C+Xinping&rft.au=Ji%2C+Chaofan&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Sufang&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencedirect.com%2Fscience%2Farticle%2Fpii%2FS0963996920304099&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASuan+cai" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFZhangZhangZhangLiu2021" class="citation journal cs1">Zhang, Ao; Zhang, Zongcai; Zhang, Kenan; Liu, Xin; Lin, Xue; Zhang, Zhen; Bao, Tianyu; Feng, Zhen (2021-09-16). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0168160521002762">"Nutrient consumption patterns of Lactobacillus plantarum and their application in suancai"</a>. <i>International Journal of Food Microbiology</i>. <b>354</b>: 109317. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.ijfoodmicro.2021.109317">10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2021.109317</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0168-1605">0168-1605</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34225032">34225032</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Food+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Nutrient+consumption+patterns+of+Lactobacillus+plantarum+and+their+application+in+suancai&rft.volume=354&rft.pages=109317&rft.date=2021-09-16&rft.issn=0168-1605&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F34225032&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.ijfoodmicro.2021.109317&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Ao&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Zongcai&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Kenan&rft.au=Liu%2C+Xin&rft.au=Lin%2C+Xue&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Zhen&rft.au=Bao%2C+Tianyu&rft.au=Feng%2C+Zhen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencedirect.com%2Fscience%2Farticle%2Fpii%2FS0168160521002762&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASuan+cai" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFAnusasananan2012" class="citation book cs1">Anusasananan, Linda Lau (2012-10-08). <i>The Hakka Cookbook: Chinese Soul Food from around the World</i>. University of California Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-520-95344-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-520-95344-4"><bdi>978-0-520-95344-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Hakka+Cookbook%3A+Chinese+Soul+Food+from+around+the+World&rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&rft.date=2012-10-08&rft.isbn=978-0-520-95344-4&rft.aulast=Anusasananan&rft.aufirst=Linda+Lau&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASuan+cai" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ent.sina.com.cn/cuih.html">"贺岁话剧《翠花，上酸菜》_影音娱乐_新浪网"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E8%B4%BA%E5%B2%81%E8%AF%9D%E5%89%A7%E3%80%8A%E7%BF%A0%E8%8A%B1%EF%BC%8C%E4%B8%8A%E9%85%B8%E8%8F%9C%E3%80%8B_%E5%BD%B1%E9%9F%B3%E5%A8%B1%E4%B9%90_%E6%96%B0%E6%B5%AA%E7%BD%91&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fent.sina.com.cn%2Fcuih.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASuan+cai" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suan_cai&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/carsonfu/3279780205/">A common type of jiecai 芥菜 that is used to make suan cai</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/auggie/sets/72157612484679058/">A photo series of the process after salting</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/lu_s/sets/72157606469788721/?page=2">A photo series containing jiecai harvest and suaicai production</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/guzhengman/2341342073/in/photostream/">Suancai sold in a tub in Hongkong</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output 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.navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Cantonese_cuisine364" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Cantonese_cuisine" title="Template:Cantonese cuisine"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Cantonese_cuisine" title="Template talk:Cantonese cuisine"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Cantonese_cuisine" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Cantonese cuisine"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Cantonese_cuisine364" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Cantonese_cuisine" title="Cantonese cuisine">Cantonese cuisine</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Main dishes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bao_yu" class="mw-redirect" title="Bao yu">Bao yu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bird%27s_nest_soup" class="mw-redirect" title="Bird's nest soup">Bird's nest soup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buddha%27s_delight" title="Buddha's delight">Buddha's delight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cantonese_seafood_soup" title="Cantonese seafood soup">Cantonese seafood soup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_steamed_eggs" title="Chinese steamed eggs">Chinese steamed eggs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congee" title="Congee">Congee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crispy_fried_chicken" title="Crispy fried chicken">Crispy fried chicken</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dragon_tiger_phoenix" title="Dragon tiger phoenix">Dragon tiger phoenix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egg_foo_young" title="Egg foo young">Egg foo young</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eight_treasure_duck" title="Eight treasure duck">Eight treasure duck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hot_pot" title="Hot pot">Hot pot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lemon_chicken" title="Lemon chicken">Lemon chicken</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pork_knuckles_and_ginger_stew" title="Pork knuckles and ginger stew">Pork knuckles and ginger stew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seafood_birdsnest" title="Seafood birdsnest">Seafood birdsnest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shark_fin_soup" title="Shark fin soup">Shark fin soup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snake_bite_chicken" title="Snake bite chicken">Snake bite chicken</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soy_sauce_chicken" title="Soy sauce chicken">Soy sauce chicken</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steam_minced_pork" title="Steam minced pork">Steam minced pork</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subgum" title="Subgum">Subgum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suckling_pig" title="Suckling pig">Suckling pig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweet_and_sour_pork" class="mw-redirect" title="Sweet and sour pork">Sweet and sour pork</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_boiled_shrimp" title="White boiled shrimp">White boiled shrimp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_cut_chicken" title="White cut chicken">White cut chicken</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wonton_noodles" title="Wonton noodles">Wonton noodles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yangzhou_fried_rice" title="Yangzhou fried rice">Yangzhou fried rice</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Dim_sum" title="Dim sum">Dim sum</a> and <a href="/wiki/Yum_cha" title="Yum cha">yum cha</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Almond_tofu" title="Almond tofu">Almond tofu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tripe" title="Tripe">Beef tripe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cha_siu_bao" title="Cha siu bao">Cha siu bao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicken_feet" title="Chicken feet">Chicken feet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coconut_bar" title="Coconut bar">Coconut bar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Har_gow" title="Har gow">Har gow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jian_dui" title="Jian dui">Jian dui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiaozi" title="Jiaozi">Jiaozi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lo_mai_gai" title="Lo mai gai">Lo mai gai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nian_gao" title="Nian gao">Nian gao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ox-tongue_pastry" title="Ox-tongue pastry">Ox-tongue pastry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rice_noodle_roll" title="Rice noodle roll">Rice noodle roll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shumai" title="Shumai">Shumai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spring_roll" title="Spring roll">Spring roll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steamed_meatball" title="Steamed meatball">Steamed meatball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swiss_wing" title="Swiss wing">Swiss wing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taro_cake" title="Taro cake">Taro cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taro_dumpling" title="Taro dumpling">Taro dumpling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tendon_as_food" title="Tendon as food">Tendon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tofu_skin_roll" title="Tofu skin roll">Tofu skin roll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turnip_cake" title="Turnip cake">Turnip cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_chestnut_cake" title="Water chestnut cake">Water chestnut cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yau_gok" title="Yau gok">Yau gok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Youtiao" title="Youtiao">Youtiao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhaliang" title="Zhaliang">Zhaliang</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cantonese_cuisine#Siu_laap" title="Cantonese cuisine">Siu laap</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Char_siu" title="Char siu">Char siu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_sausage" title="Chinese sausage">Chinese sausage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lou_mei" title="Lou mei">Lou mei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orange_cuttlefish" title="Orange cuttlefish">Orange cuttlefish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roast_goose" title="Roast goose">Roast goose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siu_mei" title="Siu mei">Siu mei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siu_yuk" title="Siu yuk">Siu yuk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_cut_chicken" title="White cut chicken">White cut chicken</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Desserts and <a href="/wiki/List_of_Chinese_bakery_products" title="List of Chinese bakery products">pastry</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_almond_biscuit" title="Chinese almond biscuit">Almond biscuit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biscuit_roll" class="mw-redirect" title="Biscuit roll">Biscuit roll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deuk_Deuk_Tong" title="Deuk Deuk Tong">Deuk Deuk Tong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douhua" title="Douhua">Douhua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ginger_milk_curd" title="Ginger milk curd">Ginger milk curd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lo_mai_chi" title="Lo mai chi">Lo mai chi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malay_sponge_cake" title="Malay sponge cake">Malay sponge cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mooncake" title="Mooncake">Mooncake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_bean_cake" title="Red bean cake">Red bean cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_bean_soup" class="mw-redirect" title="Red bean soup">Red bean soup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sausage_bun" class="mw-redirect" title="Sausage bun">Sausage bun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tang_bu_shuai" title="Tang bu shuai">Tang bu shuai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tong_sui" title="Tong sui">Tong sui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_sugar_sponge_cake" title="White sugar sponge cake">White sugar sponge cake</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Condiments and spices</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fermented_bean_curd" title="Fermented bean curd">Fermented bean curd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Five-spice_powder" title="Five-spice powder">Five-spice powder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XO_sauce" title="XO sauce">XO sauce</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ingredients</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beef_ball" title="Beef ball">Beef ball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_bean_paste" title="Black bean paste">Black bean paste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chenpi" title="Chenpi">Chenpi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conpoy" title="Conpoy">Conpoy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douchi" title="Douchi">Fermented black beans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fish_ball" title="Fish ball">Fish ball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fishcake" title="Fishcake">Fishcake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frog_legs" title="Frog legs">Frog legs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glebionis_coronaria" title="Glebionis coronaria">Garland chrysanthemum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gai_lan" title="Gai lan">Kai-lan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mantis_shrimp" title="Mantis shrimp">Mantis shrimp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ong_choy" class="mw-redirect" title="Ong choy">Ong choy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pig_blood_curd" title="Pig blood curd">Pig blood curd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pig%27s_ear_(food)" title="Pig's ear (food)">Pig's ear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rapeseed" title="Rapeseed">Rapeseed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saang_mein" title="Saang mein">Saang mein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sea_cucumbers_as_food" title="Sea cucumbers as food">Sea cucumbers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shahe_fen" title="Shahe fen">Shahe fen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shrimp_roe_noodles" title="Shrimp roe noodles">Shrimp roe noodles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spare_ribs" title="Spare ribs">Spare ribs</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Suan cai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tofu_skin" title="Tofu skin">Tofu skin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wonton" title="Wonton">Wonton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yi_mein" title="Yi mein">Yi mein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Youmian" title="Youmian">Youmian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zha_cai" title="Zha cai">Zha cai</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_herb_tea" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinese herb tea">Chinese herb tea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dried_shredded_squid" title="Dried shredded squid">Dried shredded squid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lou_fo_tong" title="Lou fo tong">Lou fo tong</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cantonese_restaurant" title="Cantonese restaurant">Cantonese restaurant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beijing_cuisine" title="Beijing cuisine">Beijing cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shanghai_cuisine" title="Shanghai cuisine">Shanghai cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_cuisine" title="Hong Kong cuisine">Hong Kong cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macanese_cuisine" title="Macanese cuisine">Macanese cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_cuisine" title="Chinese cuisine">Chinese cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Chinese_cuisine" title="History of Chinese cuisine">History of Chinese cuisine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link 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