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</button> <ul id="toc-Post_World_War_II_activities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-U.S._Army_liaison" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#U.S._Army_liaison"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>U.S. Army liaison</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-U.S._Army_liaison-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pál_Teleki_Scout_Association" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pál_Teleki_Scout_Association"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Pál Teleki Scout Association</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pál_Teleki_Scout_Association-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Anti-Soviet_activities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Anti-Soviet_activities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>Anti-Soviet activities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Anti-Soviet_activities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Conviction,_death,_and_restoration" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Conviction,_death,_and_restoration"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Conviction, death, and restoration</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Conviction,_death,_and_restoration-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a 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.infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Ferenc Farkas de Kisbarnak</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Vit%C3%A9z_kisbarnaki_Ferenc_Farkas.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Vit%C3%A9z_kisbarnaki_Ferenc_Farkas.jpg/220px-Vit%C3%A9z_kisbarnaki_Ferenc_Farkas.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="295" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/13/Vit%C3%A9z_kisbarnaki_Ferenc_Farkas.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="302" data-file-height="405" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data">May 27, 1892<br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Kismarton" class="mw-redirect" title="Kismarton">Kismarton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary" title="Kingdom of Hungary">Kingdom of Hungary</a>, <a href="/wiki/Austria-Hungary" title="Austria-Hungary">Austria-Hungary</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">April 14, 1980<br /><div style="display:inline" class="deathplace"><a href="/wiki/Arnstorf" title="Arnstorf">Arnstorf</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bavaria" title="Bavaria">Bavaria</a>, <a href="/wiki/West_Germany" title="West Germany">West Germany</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Nationality</th><td class="infobox-data category">Hungarian</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupation(s)</th><td class="infobox-data role">General Camp Manager <a href="/wiki/4th_World_Scout_Jamboree" title="4th World Scout Jamboree">4th World Jamboree</a>; Chief Scout of <a href="/wiki/Magyar_Cserk%C3%A9szsz%C3%B6vets%C3%A9g" title="Magyar Cserkészszövetség">Hungarian Scout Movement</a>; Commander, <a href="/wiki/Ludovica_Military_Academy" class="mw-redirect" title="Ludovica Military Academy">Royal Ludovica Military Academy</a>; General of the Hungarian VI Army Corps, World War II</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Ferenc Farkas de Kisbarnak</b> (<a href="/wiki/Hungarian_language" title="Hungarian language">Hungarian</a>: <a href="/wiki/Vit%C3%A9z" class="mw-redirect" title="Vitéz">vitéz</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> kisbarnaki Farkas Ferenc; May 27, 1892 – April 14, 1980)<sup id="cite_ref-vitezirend_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vitezirend-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was Chief Scout of the <a href="/wiki/Magyar_Cserk%C3%A9szsz%C3%B6vets%C3%A9g" title="Magyar Cserkészszövetség">Hungarian Boy Scouts</a>, commanding officer of the <a href="/wiki/Ludovica_Military_Academy" class="mw-redirect" title="Ludovica Military Academy">Royal Ludovica Military Academy</a>, the country's officer training school, and General of the Hungarian VI Army Corps during <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>. He served under several political regimes including that of <a href="/wiki/Charles_I_of_Austria" title="Charles I of Austria">Charles IV King of Hungary</a>, <a href="/wiki/Regent" title="Regent">Regent</a> <a href="/wiki/Mikl%C3%B3s_Horthy" title="Miklós Horthy">Miklós Horthy</a>, Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/P%C3%A1l_Teleki" title="Pál Teleki">Pál Teleki</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Arrow_Cross_Party" title="Arrow Cross Party">Arrow Cross Party</a> leader <a href="/wiki/Ferenc_Sz%C3%A1lasi" title="Ferenc Szálasi">Ferenc Szálasi</a>. He was the <a href="/wiki/Vit%C3%A9z" class="mw-redirect" title="Vitéz">Captain General of the Order of Vitéz</a> between 1962 and 1977. His service through the end of the World War II resulted in controversies within Hungary that followed him until his death.<sup id="cite_ref-hsaa_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hsaa-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Family">Family</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ferenc_Farkas_de_Kisbarnak&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Family"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>He was born in the <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Roman Catholic</a> <a href="/wiki/Hungarian_nobility" title="Hungarian nobility">Hungarian noble</a> family <a href="/w/index.php?title=Farkas_de_Kisbarnak&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Farkas de Kisbarnak (page does not exist)">Farkas de Kisbarnak</a>, which can trace back their origins to the first half of the <a href="/wiki/17th_century" title="17th century">17th century</a>. His father was Farkas Ferenc de Kisbarnak (1849-1937), captain of the Hungarian Royal army, and notary of <a href="/wiki/Eisenstadt" title="Eisenstadt">Kismarton</a>; his mother was the noble lady Gizella Pottyondy de Potyond et Csáford (1864-1921). His paternal grandfather was Farkas Ferenc de Kisbarnak (1820–1882), administrator of the states of <a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9de" title="Réde">Réde</a>, property of the county <a href="/wiki/Esterh%C3%A1zy" title="Esterházy">Esterházys</a>, and his paternal grandmother was Cecília Hoffmann (1826–1907). His maternal grandparents were Dr. Ágoston Pottyondy de Potyond et Csáford, lawyer, and Mária Grohmann (1840-1918). His paternal uncle was <a href="/wiki/Gyula_Farkas_(natural_scientist)" title="Gyula Farkas (natural scientist)">Gyula Farkas de Kisbarnak</a> (1847–1930), <a href="/wiki/Hungarian_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Hungarian people">Hungarian</a> <a href="/wiki/Mathematician" title="Mathematician">mathematician</a> and <a href="/wiki/Physicist" title="Physicist">physicist</a>. Vitéz Ferenc Farkas de Kisbarnak's brother was <a href="/wiki/Gyula_Farkas_(linguist)" title="Gyula Farkas (linguist)">Gyula Farkas de Kisbarnak</a> (1894–1958), literary historian, <a href="/wiki/Finno-Ugric_languages" title="Finno-Ugric languages">Finno-Ugric</a> <a href="/wiki/Linguistics" title="Linguistics">linguist</a>, professor of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_G%C3%B6ttingen" title="University of Göttingen">University of Göttingen</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Scouting_and_Officers_Training_School">Scouting and Officers Training School</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ferenc_Farkas_de_Kisbarnak&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Scouting and Officers Training School"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1933, he was chief organizer and General Camp Manager of the <a href="/wiki/4th_World_Scout_Jamboree" title="4th World Scout Jamboree">4th World Scout Jamboree</a> hosted by the <a href="/wiki/Magyar_Cserk%C3%A9szsz%C3%B6vets%C3%A9g" title="Magyar Cserkészszövetség">Hungarian Boy Scouts</a> at <a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6d%C3%B6ll%C5%91" title="Gödöllő">Gödöllő</a>, Hungary, alongside Hungary's Chief Scout and future Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/P%C3%A1l_Teleki" title="Pál Teleki">Pál Teleki</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-hsaa_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hsaa-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A Catholic, in 1938 Farkas was the chief organizer of a <a href="/wiki/International_Eucharistic_Congress" class="mw-redirect" title="International Eucharistic Congress">World Eucharistic Congress</a> in Budapest on May 25–29, 1938, at which time he created a lifelong relationship with the Pope and the Vatican.<sup id="cite_ref-vitez_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vitez-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the same year he assumed command of the <a href="/wiki/Ludovica_Military_Academy" class="mw-redirect" title="Ludovica Military Academy">Royal Ludovika Akademia</a><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (officer training school) which had been founded in 1872. Among the officers he brought to the Akadémia was 21-year-old <a href="/wiki/B%C3%A9la_H._B%C3%A1n%C3%A1thy" title="Béla H. Bánáthy">Béla Bánáthy</a>, whom Farkas had met as a 14-year-old youth at the 1933 Jamboree. He requested a volunteer to teach leadership at the academy, and Bánáthy was selected. He also asked Bánáthy to organize a Scout Troop for the young men, 19 years and older, which was a common practice within the <a href="/wiki/Magyar_Cserk%C3%A9szsz%C3%B6vets%C3%A9g" title="Magyar Cserkészszövetség">Hungarian Scout Association</a> at the time. Farkas served as commander of the Royal Ludovika Akadémia through 1943.<sup id="cite_ref-vitezirend_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vitezirend-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Banathy served most of the war under Farkas and when it ended, escaped first to Austria and later the United States. He was inspired by his attendance at the 4th World Jamboree where he met Farkas and his Scouting experience teaching leadership at the Ludovika Akadémia. In 1958 he founded the White Stag Leadership Development Program in <a href="/wiki/Monterey,_California" title="Monterey, California">Monterey, California</a>, which has continually taught leadership to youth since then. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Chief_Scout_of_Hungary">Chief Scout of Hungary</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ferenc_Farkas_de_Kisbarnak&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Chief Scout of Hungary"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A lifelong supporter of Scouting, Farkas in June 1941 became Chief Scout of Hungary, upon Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/P%C3%A1l_Teleki" title="Pál Teleki">Pál Teleki</a>'s suicide and on the eve of Hungary's forced entry into World War II.<sup id="cite_ref-undaunted_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-undaunted-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 260">: 260 </span></sup> Under political pressure from the extreme right, the Hungarian Scouting movement became more militaristic and nationalistic between 1941 and 1945. Despite the war, the Hungarian national Scout leadership was able until the end of 1943 to maintain contact with the <a href="/wiki/World_Organization_of_the_Scout_Movement" title="World Organization of the Scout Movement">Boy Scouts International Bureau</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Polish_Scouting_Association" class="mw-redirect" title="Polish Scouting Association">Polish Scout</a> Headquarters in exile, and with Prince <a href="/wiki/Prince_Gustaf_Adolf,_Duke_of_V%C3%A4sterbotten" title="Prince Gustaf Adolf, Duke of Västerbotten">Gustav Adolf of Sweden</a>, Chief Scout of Sweden and member of the <a href="/wiki/World_Organization_of_the_Scout_Movement#World_Scout_Committee" title="World Organization of the Scout Movement">World Scout Committee</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-undaunted_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-undaunted-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 260">: 260 </span></sup> Before the end of World War II, the national Hungarian Scouts were ordered to merge with the extremist right-leaning youth organization Hungarista Örszem, but the merger was never implemented.<sup id="cite_ref-undaunted_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-undaunted-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 260–262">: 260–262 </span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Farkas retained the title and role of Chief Scout through World War II. When the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> occupied the country and forbid organization of Scouting units, he remained Chief Scout of the <a href="/wiki/K%C3%BClf%C3%B6ldi_Magyar_Cserk%C3%A9szsz%C3%B6vets%C3%A9g" title="Külföldi Magyar Cserkészszövetség">Hungarian Scout Association in Exteris</a> until his death in 1980.<sup id="cite_ref-hsaa_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hsaa-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Commander_of_Hungarian_Sixth_Army_Corps">Commander of Hungarian Sixth Army Corps</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ferenc_Farkas_de_Kisbarnak&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Commander of Hungarian Sixth Army Corps"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1943 Farkas assumed command of the Hungarian Sixth Army, which had been garrisoned at <a href="/wiki/Debrecen" title="Debrecen">Debrecen</a>. During March 1944, <a href="/wiki/Regent" title="Regent">Regent</a> <a href="/wiki/Mikl%C3%B3s_Horthy" title="Miklós Horthy">Miklós Horthy</a> first set in motion plans for a new Hungarian government loyal to the Allies, but the effort was forestalled after German pressure by <a href="/wiki/Edmund_Veesenmayer" title="Edmund Veesenmayer">Edmund Veesenmayer</a>, Hitler's personal emissary in Hungary. Ferenc Farkas was to have been minister of cultural affairs.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In July 1944 he replaced General <a href="/wiki/K%C3%A1roly_Beregfy" title="Károly Beregfy">Károly Beregfy</a>, an <a href="/wiki/Arrow_Cross_Party" title="Arrow Cross Party">Arrow Cross Party</a> member, and under Farkas' the Hungarian VI Army Corps beat back a Red Army attack across the Carpathian mountains, employing brutal methods to keep the <a href="/wiki/Red_Army" title="Red Army">Red Army</a> from advancing.<sup id="cite_ref-revisionist_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-revisionist-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He became known as the heroic defender of the Tatár Pass in the <a href="/wiki/Carpathian_Mountains" title="Carpathian Mountains">Carpathian Mountains</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-revisionist_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-revisionist-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Secret_negotiations_to_surrender">Secret negotiations to surrender</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ferenc_Farkas_de_Kisbarnak&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Secret negotiations to surrender"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As the Soviets advanced on Budapest, the Sixth Army was ordered to Budapest on October 12<sup id="cite_ref-Ungváry_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ungváry-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> where Farkas was briefly named commander of the Pest bridgehead. Regent <a href="/wiki/Mikl%C3%B3s_Horthy" title="Miklós Horthy">Miklós Horthy</a> also wanted military units in Budapest commanded by officers he could trust, as he planned to announce an armistice with the Soviet Union as Romania had done, abandoning the lost Axis cause which he had never fully embraced. Germany feared the surrender of Hungary, knowing this would leave their entire southern flank open to Soviet attack. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fall_of_Regent_Horthy">Fall of Regent Horthy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ferenc_Farkas_de_Kisbarnak&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Fall of Regent Horthy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Operation_Panzerfaust" title="Operation Panzerfaust">Operation Panzerfaust</a></div> <p>Working through his trustworthy General <a href="/wiki/B%C3%A9la_Mikl%C3%B3s" title="Béla Miklós">Béla Miklós</a> who was in contact with Soviet forces in eastern Hungary, Regent Horthy attempted to negotiate the end of the war, seeking to surrender to the Soviets while preserving the government's autonomy. The Soviets willingly promised this. But the Germans were aware of Horthy's behind-the-scenes maneuvering and set in place <a href="/wiki/Operation_Panzerfaust" title="Operation Panzerfaust">Operation Panzerfaust</a> which would remove him from power and replace his government with forces loyal to the German cause, effectively occupying Hungary. Horthy governed from Castle Hill in central Budapest, an ancient and now well-guarded fortress. At 2:00 p.m. on October 15, 1944, Horthy announced over the radio that Hungary had signed an armistice with the Soviet Union. "It is clear today that Germany has lost the war... Hungary has accordingly concluded a preliminary armistice with Russia, and will cease all hostilities against her."<sup id="cite_ref-williamson_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-williamson-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Failing to receive official orders, the Hungarian army ignored the armistice, surprising the Germans. Given that many Hungarian units were controlled by the German army, it is unclear whether orders, if issued, ever reached most of the line troops. There had also been considerable propaganda about the harsh, punitive treatment of prisoners by the Soviets, and some Hungarian forces had witnessed first-hand the atrocities Soviet perpetrated against civilians. Combined with their loyalty to their country, no matter what government was in charge, they felt it was their duty to fight even when the result was predictable. </p><p>Horthy's son <a href="/wiki/Mikl%C3%B3s_Horthy,_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="Miklós Horthy, Jr.">Miklós Horthy, Jr.</a> at this father's direction went to a meeting with representatives from the Yugoslavian government to finalize the surrender of Hungary to the Soviets. Upon entering the building, he was attacked and beaten by German soldiers commanded by <a href="/wiki/Waffen_SS" class="mw-redirect" title="Waffen SS">Waffen SS</a> Major <a href="/wiki/Otto_Skorzeny" title="Otto Skorzeny">Otto Skorzeny</a>, who had initiated the meeting as a ruse. They kidnapped Miklós at gunpoint, trussed him up in a carpet, and immediately drove him to the airport, where a flight was waiting to take him to Germany and a concentration camp. Skorzeny then brazenly led a convoy of Germany troops and four <a href="/wiki/Tiger_II" title="Tiger II">Tiger II</a> tanks to the Vienna Gates of <a href="/wiki/Buda_Castle" title="Buda Castle">Castle Hill</a>. Seeking to avoid unneeded bloodshed, and knowing his forces could not resist the superior German troops, the Regent ordered his soldiers to not resist. Only one unit did not get the order, and the Germans quickly and with minimal bloodshed captured Castle Hill. Only seven soldiers were killed and 26 men were wounded.<sup id="cite_ref-williamson_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-williamson-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Horthy was arrested by Waffen SS <a href="/wiki/Brigadef%C3%BChrer" title="Brigadeführer">Brigadeführer</a> <a href="/wiki/Edmund_Veesenmayer" title="Edmund Veesenmayer">Edmund Veesenmayer</a> and held overnight in SS offices. Faced with an overt threat to his son's life, and having already been effectively removed from power, under coercion and as a prisoner of war, he abrogated the armistice, deposed Premier <a href="/wiki/G%C3%A9za_Lakatos" title="Géza Lakatos">Géza Lakatos</a>' government, and named the leader of the fanatical <a href="/wiki/Arrow_Cross_Party" title="Arrow Cross Party">Arrow Cross Party</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ferenc_Sz%C3%A1lasi" title="Ferenc Szálasi">Ferenc Szálasi</a>, as Prime Minister. </p><p>Horthy was placed on a private train to Germany three days later. Skorzeny told Horthy that he would be a "guest of honor" in a secure Bavarian castle. Skorzeny personally escorted Horthy to his captivity, where he was held until the war ended.<sup id="cite_ref-williamson_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-williamson-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Service_at_end_of_war">Service at end of war</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ferenc_Farkas_de_Kisbarnak&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Service at end of war"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the final months of the war, Farkas presided over the trial of fellow Lieutenant General <a href="/wiki/Lajos_Veress" title="Lajos Veress">Lajos Veres von Dalnoki</a> (former commander of the <a href="/wiki/Second_Army_(Hungary)" title="Second Army (Hungary)">Hungarian Second Army</a>) and Captain Kálmán Hardy (aide-de-camp to Horthy), who were charged by the Arrow Cross government with treason for having attempted to arrange a cease-fire or switching allegiance during the last days of the war. He sentenced both to death, though neither was executed.<sup id="cite_ref-revisionist_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-revisionist-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After Ferenc Szálasi assumed power, Farkas was not dismissed despite his previous loyalty to Horthy, and he swore an oath to the new Prime Minister. <a href="/wiki/K%C3%A1roly_Beregfy" title="Károly Beregfy">Károly Beregfy</a>, newly appointed on October 17, 1944, by the Arrow Cross government as Minister of War and Commander in Chief of the Hungarian Army,<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> named Farkas as Government Commissioner for Evacuation, promoted him to General, and put him in charge of securing national treasures.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He was later accused of sending to Austria about USD$3 billion in national treasures, "including the crown jewels, priceless gold treasures and the collection of national seals."<sup id="cite_ref-revisionist_9-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-revisionist-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Holy_Crown_of_Hungary#The_regalia_in_modern_times" title="Holy Crown of Hungary">crown jewels</a> were in fact captured in <a href="/wiki/Mattsee" title="Mattsee">Mattsee</a>, Austria on May 4, 1945, by the U.S. <a href="/wiki/86th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)" title="86th Infantry Division (United States)">86th Infantry Division</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The jewels were then transported to Western Europe and eventually given to the United States Army for safekeeping from the Soviet Union. For much of the <a href="/wiki/Cold_War" title="Cold War">Cold War</a>, it was held at the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Bullion_Depository" title="United States Bullion Depository">United States Bullion Depository</a> (<a href="/wiki/Fort_Knox" title="Fort Knox">Fort Knox</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky">Kentucky</a>) alongside the bulk of America's gold reserves and other priceless historical items. U.S. President <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter" title="Jimmy Carter">Jimmy Carter</a> ordered extensive historical research to verify the crown as genuine, and it was returned to the Hungarian people on January 6, 1978. None of the charges against Farkas relating to the expropriation of Hungarian treasures and seals was substantiated. </p><p>Facing the imminent fall of the government and the nation, the Hungarian Defense Ministry named Farkas as the leader of a four-man committee which was charged with representing the Hungarian Army with the Allies after the war's end. General officers of the Hungarian Army who returned to Hungary under Communist rule were likely to be arrested and become <a href="/wiki/Prisoners_of_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Prisoners of War">Prisoners of War</a> again, and face charges and possible execution.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Farkas drove across Austria and France to General <a href="/wiki/George_S._Patton" title="George S. Patton">George S. Patton</a>'s headquarters.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Farkas was placed in a prisoner of war camp in Foucarville, near <a href="/wiki/Sainte-M%C3%A8re-%C3%89glise" title="Sainte-Mère-Église">Sainte-Mère-Église</a>, Normandy, which housed 40,000 prisoners, including 218 generals and 6 admirals. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Post_World_War_II_activities">Post World War II activities</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ferenc_Farkas_de_Kisbarnak&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Post World War II activities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="U.S._Army_liaison">U.S. Army liaison</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ferenc_Farkas_de_Kisbarnak&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: U.S. Army liaison"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In October 1946, 26 other Hungarian Army generals in the Foucarville POW camp wrote a letter to the American military, requesting that Farkas be released. In January 1947 he became the U.S. liaison to Hungarian prisoners of war and assisted in resolving their displaced person status and living arrangements. He remained in Germany becoming the highest-ranking Hungarian officer to settle in a country controlled by the Allies. </p><p>His war-time role in the Army, especially after the Arrow Cross Party assumed command, became very controversial within Hungary. Because of his actions in the camps against the Arrow Cross Party and Szálasi's government, the Provisional Hungarian Government of 1945, led by the Soviet forces in Debrecen, reduced his former Army rank to a private. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pál_Teleki_Scout_Association"><span id="P.C3.A1l_Teleki_Scout_Association"></span>Pál Teleki Scout Association</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ferenc_Farkas_de_Kisbarnak&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Pál Teleki Scout Association"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>While in the displaced persons camp, he founded the Pál Teleki Scout Association, which in 1948 was renamed the Hungarian Scout Association in Exile, and after <a href="/wiki/Revolutions_of_1989" title="Revolutions of 1989">the fall of the Iron Curtain</a>, the <a href="/wiki/K%C3%BClf%C3%B6ldi_Magyar_Cserk%C3%A9szsz%C3%B6vets%C3%A9g" title="Külföldi Magyar Cserkészszövetség">Hungarian Scout Association Abroad</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-undaunted_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-undaunted-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 270">: 270 </span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was named Training Camp Chief and later Chief Commissioner (<a href="/wiki/Hungarian_language" title="Hungarian language">Hungarian</a>: <i>Bodnar Gabor</i>). He also led adult leader training for Hungarian Scout leaders in exile in several locations within Germany during the late 1940s, and later at numerous locations abroad. He recommended <a href="/wiki/B%C3%A9la_H._B%C3%A1n%C3%A1thy" title="Béla H. Bánáthy">Béla H. Bánáthy</a>, a Hungarian Scout leader and one of his former officers with whom he had maintained a relationship, for a position as a Hungarian language instructor at the <a href="/wiki/U.S._government" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. government">U.S. government</a>'s new <a href="/wiki/Defense_Language_Institute" title="Defense Language Institute">Army Language School</a>. During 1952, Farkas visited the United States and met with adult leaders at a training camp for Hungarian Scouts in Exile held in Buffalo, New York.<sup id="cite_ref-hsaa_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hsaa-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He remained the Hungarian Chief Scout until his death in 1980. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Anti-Soviet_activities">Anti-Soviet activities</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ferenc_Farkas_de_Kisbarnak&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Anti-Soviet activities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>He was founder of a Hungarian veteran's organization for veterans in exile, the Magyar Harcosok Bajtársi Közössége Központja (World Federation of Hungarian Veterans). He suggested creating a fraternal organization to honor the officers, non-commissioned officers, and enlisted men who served in the Hungarian armed forces and were now in exile. He suggested to Béla Almay, a former Lieutenant Colonel on the Hungarian General Staff, that he organize an association for Hungarian veterans, which became the Collegiate Society of Hungarian Veterans.<sup id="cite_ref-hwmhbk_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hwmhbk-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Farkas also attempted with the support of former members of the Hungarian government who had escaped to the west before the war to establish a Hungarian government in exile, but was frustrated in his efforts by American Occupation Forces in Germany who forbid it. The veteran's organization retained as one of its purposes support for the restoration of a democratic government in Hungary.<sup id="cite_ref-hwmhbk_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hwmhbk-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During 1947, the Americans and French permitted him to found the Anti-Bolshevik Hungarian Liberation Movement<sup id="cite_ref-levy_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-levy-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 297">: 297 </span></sup> in Landshut, Germany. The movement initially called for a violent revolution in Hungary against Soviet control. It arranged for a member in exile to return to Hungary illegally and assess the situation and support for overthrow of the Communist government. What it learned was discouraging and the only hope the group held out for liberation of Hungary was Western help, which was not forthcoming. By 1950, Farkas was a leader of the reactionary, right-wing <a href="/wiki/Anti-Bolshevik_Bloc_of_Nations" title="Anti-Bolshevik Bloc of Nations">Anti-Bolshevik Bloc of Nations</a> (ABN) which openly advocated the destruction of the Soviet Union and its <a href="/wiki/Fifth_column" title="Fifth column">fifth columnists</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-levy_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-levy-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 319">: 319 </span></sup> During the 1950 convention of the ABN, Farkas made an <a href="/wiki/Predictions_of_the_dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union#Ferenc_Farkas_de_Kisbarnak" class="mw-redirect" title="Predictions of the dissolution of the Soviet Union">early prediction</a> that the USSR would dissolve due to the pressures of its internal non-Russian nationalities.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Conviction,_death,_and_restoration"><span id="Conviction.2C_death.2C_and_restoration"></span>Conviction, death, and restoration</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ferenc_Farkas_de_Kisbarnak&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Conviction, death, and restoration"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>When World War II ended and for several years afterward, the Communist government organized and encouraged the arrest and execution of those they blamed for the deprivations the war visited upon the Hungarian population. These arrests and prosecutions were in many instances politically motivated and the legal process was later found to lack the minimum requirements for legal action.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Farkas was convicted <i>in absentia</i> by the Budapest High Court of the Hungarian Communist government on March 30, 1950, and was stripped of his rank and sentenced to life imprisonment. He visited the United States and Canada during 1955 and met with Hungarian Scouts in exile. In 1962, he was named General Captain (<a href="/wiki/Hungarian_language" title="Hungarian language">Hungarian</a>: <i>Fõkapitány</i>) of The Knightly Order of <a href="/wiki/Vit%C3%A9z" class="mw-redirect" title="Vitéz">Vitéz</a>, a role in which he continued to serve through 1977.<sup id="cite_ref-vitezirend2_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vitezirend2-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He also continued his involvement with Scouting both locally and internationally, serving as Chief Scout of Hungary for the <a href="/wiki/K%C3%BClf%C3%B6ldi_Magyar_Cserk%C3%A9szsz%C3%B6vets%C3%A9g" title="Külföldi Magyar Cserkészszövetség">Hungarian Scout Association Abroad</a>. He died in <a href="/wiki/Arnstorf" title="Arnstorf">Arnstorf</a>, Germany<sup id="cite_ref-vitez_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vitez-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> on April 14, 1980. </p><p>In late 1998, the Hungarian Republic Supreme Court found serious legal and procedural errors in his original 1950 trial and on December 7, 1998, rescinded the sentence, nullifying its results. On September 15, 2006, the Hungarian Defence Ministry's Rehabilitation Committee fully reinstated his military rank and overturned his conviction posthumously.<sup id="cite_ref-revisionist_9-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-revisionist-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ferenc_Farkas_de_Kisbarnak&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Vitéz" refers to a Hungarian knightly order founded by <a href="/wiki/Mikl%C3%B3s_Horthy" title="Miklós Horthy">Miklós Horthy</a> ("Vitézi Rend"); literally, "vitéz" means "knight" or "valiant".</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-vitezirend-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-vitezirend_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-vitezirend_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vitezirend.co.hu/CV%20&%20Award/vFF.htm">"Kisbarnaki Farkas Ferenc"</a> (in Hungarian). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090710002639/http://www.vitezirend.co.hu/CV%20%26%20Award/vFF.htm">Archived</a> from the original on July 10, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 16,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Kisbarnaki+Farkas+Ferenc&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.vitezirend.co.hu%2FCV%2520%26%2520Award%2FvFF.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFerenc+Farkas+de+Kisbarnak" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hsaa-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-hsaa_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hsaa_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hsaa_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hsaa_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1">"vitez kisbarnaki Farkas Ferenc rehabilitated". Hungarian Scout Association Abroad. October 27, 2006.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=vitez+kisbarnaki+Farkas+Ferenc+rehabilitated&rft.date=2006-10-27&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFerenc+Farkas+de+Kisbarnak" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_journal" title="Template:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Cite journal requires <code class="cs1-code">|journal=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#missing_periodical" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-vitez-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-vitez_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-vitez_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071017102045/http://www.vitezirend.org/history.htm">"The History of the Order"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vitezirend.org/history.htm">the original</a> on October 17, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 15,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+History+of+the+Order&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.vitezirend.org%2Fhistory.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFerenc+Farkas+de+Kisbarnak" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludovika_Akad%C3%A9mia" class="extiw" title="hu:Ludovika Akadémia">hu:Ludovika Akadémia</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-undaunted-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-undaunted_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-undaunted_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-undaunted_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-undaunted_6-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKroonenberg1998" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Piet_J._Kroonenberg" title="Piet J. Kroonenberg">Kroonenberg, Piet J.</a> (1998). <i>The Undaunted- The Survival and Revival of Scouting in Central and Eastern Europe</i>. Geneva: Oriole International Publications. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/2-88052-003-7" title="Special:BookSources/2-88052-003-7"><bdi>2-88052-003-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Undaunted-+The+Survival+and+Revival+of+Scouting+in+Central+and+Eastern+Europe&rft.place=Geneva&rft.pub=Oriole+International+Publications&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=2-88052-003-7&rft.aulast=Kroonenberg&rft.aufirst=Piet+J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFerenc+Farkas+de+Kisbarnak" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSaunders1948" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Hilary_St_George_Saunders" title="Hilary St George Saunders">Saunders, Hilary St George</a> (1948). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pinetreeweb.com/left4-7.htm">"The Left Handshake, Chapter IV-RESOLUTION-Scouting in Occupied Countries: Part Seven—Greece, Yugoslavia and Hungary"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071015033827/http://pinetreeweb.com/left4-7.htm">Archived</a> from the original on October 15, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 10,</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Left+Handshake%2C+Chapter+IV-RESOLUTION-Scouting+in+Occupied+Countries%3A+Part+Seven%E2%80%94Greece%2C+Yugoslavia+and+Hungary&rft.date=1948&rft.aulast=Saunders&rft.aufirst=Hilary+St+George&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pinetreeweb.com%2Fleft4-7.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFerenc+Farkas+de+Kisbarnak" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIgor-Philip_Matic2002" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Igor-Philip Matic (2002). <i>Edmund Veesenmayer: Agent und Diplomat der nationalsozialistischen Expansionspolitik</i> (in German). Oldenbourg: Oldenbourg Wissenschaftsverlag. pp. 262–267. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-486-56677-6" title="Special:BookSources/3-486-56677-6"><bdi>3-486-56677-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Edmund+Veesenmayer%3A+Agent+und+Diplomat+der+nationalsozialistischen+Expansionspolitik&rft.place=Oldenbourg&rft.pages=262-267&rft.pub=Oldenbourg+Wissenschaftsverlag&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=3-486-56677-6&rft.au=Igor-Philip+Matic&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFerenc+Farkas+de+Kisbarnak" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-revisionist-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-revisionist_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-revisionist_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-revisionist_9-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-revisionist_9-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-revisionist_9-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hvg.hu/english/20070102_kisbarnaki_farkas.aspx">"Was Kisbarnaki Farkas a war criminal? – Historikerstreit"</a>. 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(May 8, 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/send-pdf.cgi/LEVY,%20JONATHAN%20H..pdf?ucin1147397806">"Madison, Wilson, and East Central European Federalism"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>PhD thesis</i>. University of Cincinnati<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Acc. 10090, Papers of Dr <a href="/wiki/Robert_McIntyre_(politician)" title="Robert McIntyre (politician)">Robert Douglas McIntyre</a>, MB ChB, DPH, Duniv, JP. File 61: Correspondence with or papers received from East European national movements in exile (principally the Anti-Bolshevik Bloc of Nations and the Ukrainian Committee in Great Britain) and from John F Stewart of the Scottish League for European Freedom, 1952-6. Documents "Resolutions of the Convention of the Anti-Bolshevik Block of Nations (ABN) held in Edinburgh on the 12th, 13th, and 14th of June 1950, convoked under the auspices of the Scottish League for European Freedom", pg. 1, and "The War Against Bolshevism and the Military Factors Represented by the Subjugated Nations", pg. 6. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 17,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Siege&rft.date=2000-02-13&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.osa.ceu.hu%2Fgaleria%2Fsites%2Fsiege%2Fintroduction.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFerenc+Farkas+de+Kisbarnak" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-vitezirend2-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-vitezirend2_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071017102049/http://www.vitezirend.org/home.htm">"General Captain (Fõkapitány)"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vitezirend.org/home.htm">the original</a> on October 17, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 16,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=General+Captain+%28F%C3%B5kapit%C3%A1ny%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.vitezirend.org%2Fhome.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFerenc+Farkas+de+Kisbarnak" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ferenc_Farkas_de_Kisbarnak&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>A Tatárhágó Visszanéz</i> (The Tartar Pass Looks Back) Farkas Ferenc, Kárpát: Buenos Aires, 1952 (196 p.) (Hunagarian)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110711153628/http://torontoicserkeszek.multiply.com/journal/item/60">v. k. Farkas Ferenc</a> (Hungarian)</li> <li><i>Az Altöttingi Országgyûlés Története</i> (The History of the Altötting Parliament) Farkas Ferenc, (Hungarian)</li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FFF157;">Honorary titles </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Archduke_Joseph_August_of_Austria" title="Archduke Joseph August of Austria">Archduke Joseph August</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Vit%C3%A9z" class="mw-redirect" title="Vitéz">Captain General of the Order of Vitéz</a> </b><br />1962–1977 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Archduke_Joseph_%C3%81rp%C3%A1d_of_Austria" title="Archduke Joseph Árpád of Austria">Archduke Joseph Árpád</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><br /> </p>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ferenc_Farkas_de_Kisbarnak&oldid=1241045822">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ferenc_Farkas_de_Kisbarnak&oldid=1241045822</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1892_births" title="Category:1892 births">1892 births</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1980_deaths" title="Category:1980 deaths">1980 deaths</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hungarian_anti-communists" title="Category:Hungarian anti-communists">Hungarian anti-communists</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hungarian_collaborators_with_Nazi_Germany" title="Category:Hungarian collaborators with Nazi Germany">Hungarian collaborators with Nazi Germany</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hungarian_nobility" title="Category:Hungarian nobility">Hungarian nobility</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hungarian_people_of_World_War_II" title="Category:Hungarian people of World War II">Hungarian people of World War II</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:People_from_Eisenstadt" title="Category:People from Eisenstadt">People from Eisenstadt</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Scouting_and_Guiding_in_Hungary" title="Category:Scouting and Guiding in Hungary">Scouting and Guiding in Hungary</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:World_Scout_Committee_members" title="Category:World Scout Committee members">World Scout Committee members</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_Hungarian-language_sources_(hu)" title="Category:CS1 Hungarian-language sources (hu)">CS1 Hungarian-language sources (hu)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_errors:_missing_periodical" title="Category:CS1 errors: missing periodical">CS1 errors: missing periodical</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_German-language_sources_(de)" title="Category:CS1 German-language sources (de)">CS1 German-language sources (de)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_dead_external_links" title="Category:All articles with dead external links">All articles with dead external links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_dead_external_links_from_October_2010" title="Category:Articles with dead external links from October 2010">Articles with dead external links from October 2010</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_dead_external_links_from_December_2019" title="Category:Articles with dead external links from December 2019">Articles with dead external links from December 2019</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_permanently_dead_external_links" title="Category:Articles with permanently dead external links">Articles with permanently dead external links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_mdy_dates_from_April_2022" title="Category:Use mdy dates from April 2022">Use mdy dates from April 2022</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_hCards" title="Category:Articles with hCards">Articles with hCards</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 19 August 2024, at 00:44<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; 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