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surfing</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: shoulder surfing"> <meta name="keywords" content="shoulder surfing"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="shoulder surfing"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 198</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: shoulder surfing</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">198</span> A Survey on Smart Security Mechanism Using Graphical Passwords</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aboli%20Dhanavade">Aboli Dhanavade</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shweta%20Bhimnath"> Shweta Bhimnath</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rutuja%20Jumale"> Rutuja Jumale</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ajay%20Nadargi"> Ajay Nadargi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Security to any of our personal thing is our most basic need. It is not possible to directly apply that standard Human-computer—interaction approaches. Important usability goal for authentication system is to support users in selecting best passwords. Users often select text-passwords that are easy to remember, but they are more open for attackers to guess. The human brain is good in remembering pictures rather than textual characters. So the best alternative is being designed that is Graphical passwords. However, Graphical passwords are still immature. Conventional password schemes are also vulnerable to Shoulder-surfing attacks, many shoulder-surfing resistant graphical passwords schemes have been proposed. Next, we have analyzed the security and usability of the proposed scheme, and show the resistance of the proposed scheme to shoulder-surfing and different accidental logins. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shoulder-surfing" title="shoulder-surfing">shoulder-surfing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=security" title=" security"> security</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=authentication" title=" authentication"> authentication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=text-passwords" title=" text-passwords"> text-passwords</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43659/a-survey-on-smart-security-mechanism-using-graphical-passwords" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43659.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">363</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">197</span> Efficient Position Based Operation Code Authentication</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hashim%20Ali">Hashim Ali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sheheryar%20Khan"> Sheheryar Khan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Security for applications is always been a keen issue of concern. In general, security is to allow access of grant to legal user or to deny non-authorized access to the system. Shoulder surfing is an observation technique to hack an account or to enter into a system. When a malicious observer is capturing or recording the fingers of a user while he is entering sensitive inputs (PIN, Passwords etc.) and may be able to observe user’s password credential. It is very rigorous for a novice user to prevent himself from shoulder surfing or unaided observer in a public place while accessing his account. In order to secure the user account, there are five factors of authentication; they are: “(i) something you have, (ii) something you are, (iii) something you know, (iv) somebody you know, (v) something you process”. A technique has been developed of fifth-factor authentication “something you process” to provide novel approach to the user. In this paper, we have applied position based operational code authentication in such a way to more easy and user friendly to the user. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shoulder%20surfing" title="shoulder surfing">shoulder surfing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=malicious%20observer" title=" malicious observer"> malicious observer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sensitive%20inputs" title=" sensitive inputs"> sensitive inputs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=authentication" title=" authentication"> authentication</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14935/efficient-position-based-operation-code-authentication" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14935.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">272</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">196</span> Providing a Secure Hybrid Method for Graphical Password Authentication to Prevent Shoulder Surfing, Smudge and Brute Force Attack</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Faraji%20Sepideh">Faraji Sepideh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nowadays, purchase rate of the smart device is increasing and user authentication is one of the important issues in information security. Alphanumeric strong passwords are difficult to memorize and also owners write them down on papers or save them in a computer file. In addition, text password has its own flaws and is vulnerable to attacks. Graphical password can be used as an alternative to alphanumeric password that users choose images as a password. This type of password is easier to use and memorize and also more secure from pervious password types. In this paper we have designed a more secure graphical password system to prevent shoulder surfing, smudge and brute force attack. This scheme is a combination of two types of graphical passwords recognition based and Cued recall based. Evaluation the usability and security of our proposed scheme have been explained in conclusion part. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=brute%20force%20attack" title="brute force attack">brute force attack</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=graphical%20password" title=" graphical password"> graphical password</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shoulder%20surfing%20attack" title=" shoulder surfing attack"> shoulder surfing attack</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=smudge%20attack" title=" smudge attack"> smudge attack</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/114367/providing-a-secure-hybrid-method-for-graphical-password-authentication-to-prevent-shoulder-surfing-smudge-and-brute-force-attack" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/114367.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">161</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">195</span> A Second Look at Gesture-Based Passwords: Usability and Vulnerability to Shoulder-Surfing Attacks</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lakshmidevi%20Sreeramareddy">Lakshmidevi Sreeramareddy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Komalpreet%20Kaur"> Komalpreet Kaur</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nane%20Pothier"> Nane Pothier</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> For security purposes, it is important to detect passwords entered by unauthorized users. With traditional alphanumeric passwords, if the content of a password is acquired and correctly entered by an intruder, it is impossible to differentiate the password entered by the intruder from those entered by the authorized user because the password entries contain precisely the same character set. However, no two entries for the gesture-based passwords, even those entered by the person who created the password, will be identical. There are always variations between entries, such as the shape and length of each stroke, the location of each stroke, and the speed of drawing. It is possible that passwords entered by the unauthorized user contain higher levels of variations when compared with those entered by the authorized user (the creator). The difference in the levels of variations may provide cues to detect unauthorized entries. To test this hypothesis, we designed an empirical study, collected and analyzed the data with the help of machine-learning algorithms. The results of the study are significant. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=authentication" title="authentication">authentication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gesture-based%20passwords" title=" gesture-based passwords"> gesture-based passwords</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shoulder-surfing%20attacks" title=" shoulder-surfing attacks"> shoulder-surfing attacks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=usability" title=" usability"> usability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/119827/a-second-look-at-gesture-based-passwords-usability-and-vulnerability-to-shoulder-surfing-attacks" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/119827.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">139</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">194</span> Evaluation of Gesture-Based Password: User Behavioral Features Using Machine Learning Algorithms</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lakshmidevi%20Sreeramareddy">Lakshmidevi Sreeramareddy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Komalpreet%20Kaur"> Komalpreet Kaur</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nane%20Pothier"> Nane Pothier</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Graphical-based passwords have existed for decades. Their major advantage is that they are easier to remember than an alphanumeric password. However, their disadvantage (especially recognition-based passwords) is the smaller password space, making them more vulnerable to brute force attacks. Graphical passwords are also highly susceptible to the shoulder-surfing effect. The gesture-based password method that we developed is a grid-free, template-free method. In this study, we evaluated the gesture-based passwords for usability and vulnerability. The results of the study are significant. We developed a gesture-based password application for data collection. Two modes of data collection were used: Creation mode and Replication mode. In creation mode (Session 1), users were asked to create six different passwords and reenter each password five times. In replication mode, users saw a password image created by some other user for a fixed duration of time. Three different duration timers, such as 5 seconds (Session 2), 10 seconds (Session 3), and 15 seconds (Session 4), were used to mimic the shoulder-surfing attack. After the timer expired, the password image was removed, and users were asked to replicate the password. There were 74, 57, 50, and 44 users participated in Session 1, Session 2, Session 3, and Session 4 respectfully. In this study, the machine learning algorithms have been applied to determine whether the person is a genuine user or an imposter based on the password entered. Five different machine learning algorithms were deployed to compare the performance in user authentication: namely, Decision Trees, Linear Discriminant Analysis, Naive Bayes Classifier, Support Vector Machines (SVMs) with Gaussian Radial Basis Kernel function, and K-Nearest Neighbor. Gesture-based password features vary from one entry to the next. It is difficult to distinguish between a creator and an intruder for authentication. For each password entered by the user, four features were extracted: password score, password length, password speed, and password size. All four features were normalized before being fed to a classifier. Three different classifiers were trained using data from all four sessions. Classifiers A, B, and C were trained and tested using data from the password creation session and the password replication with a timer of 5 seconds, 10 seconds, and 15 seconds, respectively. The classification accuracies for Classifier A using five ML algorithms are 72.5%, 71.3%, 71.9%, 74.4%, and 72.9%, respectively. The classification accuracies for Classifier B using five ML algorithms are 69.7%, 67.9%, 70.2%, 73.8%, and 71.2%, respectively. The classification accuracies for Classifier C using five ML algorithms are 68.1%, 64.9%, 68.4%, 71.5%, and 69.8%, respectively. SVMs with Gaussian Radial Basis Kernel outperform other ML algorithms for gesture-based password authentication. Results confirm that the shorter the duration of the shoulder-surfing attack, the higher the authentication accuracy. In conclusion, behavioral features extracted from the gesture-based passwords lead to less vulnerable user authentication. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=authentication" title="authentication">authentication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gesture-based%20passwords" title=" gesture-based passwords"> gesture-based passwords</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=machine%20learning%20algorithms" title=" machine learning algorithms"> machine learning algorithms</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shoulder-surfing%20attacks" title=" shoulder-surfing attacks"> shoulder-surfing attacks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=usability" title=" usability"> usability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/120239/evaluation-of-gesture-based-password-user-behavioral-features-using-machine-learning-algorithms" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/120239.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">107</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">193</span> Physiotherapy Program for Frozen Shoulder on Length of Follow up and Range of Motions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Orawan%20Vichiansan">Orawan Vichiansan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Kraipoj"> J. Kraipoj</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.Phandech"> K.Phandech</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Sirasaporn"> P. Sirasaporn</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Generally, frozen shoulder will improve over time, although it may take a long time up to year. The symptoms of frozen shoulder present by pain around shoulder and consequently limit range of motions. The effect of frozen shoulder leads to limit activities daily living life and high medical care cost. Physiotherapy is well known treatment for frozen shoulder but there was no data about the treatment of physiotherapy in frozen shoulder and length of follow up. Thus the aim of this study was to investigate physiotherapy program for frozen shoulder on range of motion and length of follow up. A retrospective study design was conducted. 469 medical records of patients with frozen shoulder were reviewed. These frozen shoulders were treated at physiotherapy unit, department of Rehabilitation last 3 years (January, 2014- December, 2016). The data consist of range of motions and length of follow up was recorded. The medical record of 183 males and 286 females with average aged 57.82±12.32 years were reviewed in this study. There was a statistically significant increase in shoulder flexion [mean difference 30.24 with 95%CI were [24.37-36.12], shoulder abduction [mean difference 34.93 with 95%CI were 27.8-42.0], shoulder internal rotation [mean difference 17.25 with 95%CI were 12.55-21.95] and shoulder external rotation [mean difference 17.71 with 95%CI were [13.07-22.36] respectively. In addition, the length of follow up averaged 84 days. In summary, the retrospective study show physiotherapy program likely to be benefit for patients with frozen shoulder in term of range of motion and short length of follow up. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=frozen%20shoulder" title="frozen shoulder">frozen shoulder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physiotherapy" title=" physiotherapy"> physiotherapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=range%20of%20motions" title=" range of motions"> range of motions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=length%20of%20follow%20up" title=" length of follow up"> length of follow up</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87983/physiotherapy-program-for-frozen-shoulder-on-length-of-follow-up-and-range-of-motions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87983.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">173</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">192</span> Computer Aided Shoulder Prosthesis Design and Manufacturing </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Didem%20Venus%20Yildiz">Didem Venus Yildiz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Murat%20Hocaoglu"> Murat Hocaoglu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Murat%20Dursun"> Murat Dursun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Taner%20Akkan"> Taner Akkan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The shoulder joint is a more complex structure than the hip or knee joints. In addition to the overall complexity of the shoulder joint, two different factors influence the insufficient outcome of shoulder replacement: the shoulder prosthesis design is far from fully developed and it is difficult to place these shoulder prosthesis due to shoulder anatomy. The glenohumeral joint is the most complex joint of the human shoulder. There are various treatments for shoulder failures such as total shoulder arthroplasty, reverse total shoulder arthroplasty. Due to its reverse design than normal shoulder anatomy, reverse total shoulder arthroplasty has different physiological and biomechanical properties. Post-operative achievement of this arthroplasty is depend on improved design of reverse total shoulder prosthesis. Designation achievement can be increased by several biomechanical and computational analysis. In this study, data of human both shoulders with right side fracture was collected by 3D Computer Tomography (CT) machine in dicom format. This data transferred to 3D medical image processing software (Mimics Materilise, Leuven, Belgium) to reconstruct patient’s left and right shoulders’ bones geometry. Provided 3D geometry model of the fractured shoulder was used to constitute of reverse total shoulder prosthesis by 3-matic software. Finite element (FE) analysis was conducted for comparison of intact shoulder and prosthetic shoulder in terms of stress distribution and displacements. Body weight physiological reaction force of 800 N loads was applied. Resultant values of FE analysis was compared for both shoulders. The analysis of the performance of the reverse shoulder prosthesis could enhance the knowledge of the prosthetic design. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reverse%20shoulder%20prosthesis" title="reverse shoulder prosthesis">reverse shoulder prosthesis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biomechanics" title=" biomechanics"> biomechanics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20element%20analysis" title=" finite element analysis"> finite element analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=3D%20printing" title=" 3D printing"> 3D printing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/116132/computer-aided-shoulder-prosthesis-design-and-manufacturing" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/116132.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">156</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">191</span> Clicking Based Graphical Password Scheme Resistant to Spyware</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bandar%20Alahmadi">Bandar Alahmadi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The fact that people tend to remember pictures better than texts, motivates researchers to develop graphical passwords as an alternative to textual passwords. Graphical passwords as such were introduced as a possible alternative to traditional text passwords, in which users prove their identity by clicking on pictures rather than typing alphanumerical text. In this paper, we present a scheme for graphical passwords that are resistant to shoulder surfing attacks and spyware attacks. The proposed scheme introduces a clicking technique to chosen images. First, the users choose a set of images, the images are then included in a grid where users can click in the cells around each image, the location of the click and the number of clicks are saved. As a result, the proposed scheme can be safe from shoulder surface and spyware attacks. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=security" title="security">security</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=password" title=" password"> password</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=authentication" title=" authentication"> authentication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=attack" title=" attack"> attack</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=applications" title=" applications"> applications</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/139396/clicking-based-graphical-password-scheme-resistant-to-spyware" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/139396.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">166</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">190</span> Physiotherapy Program for Frozen Shoulder Related to Onset of Symptom, Range of Motions and Obtaining Modalities</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Narupon%20Kunbootsri">Narupon Kunbootsri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Sirasaporn"> P. Sirasaporn </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Frozen shoulder is a common problem present by pain and limit range of motion. The prevalence of frozen shoulder showed 18-31% of population. The effect of frozen shoulder lead to limit activities daily living life, high medical care cost and so on. Physiotherapy is one of the treatments for frozen shoulder but there was no data about the treatment of physiotherapy. Moreover, it is question about onset of symptom relate to physiotherapy program and obtaining physical modalities and delayed start physiotherapy program lead to delayed improvement. Thus the aim of this study was to investigate physiotherapy program for frozen shoulder relate to onset of symptom, range of motion and obtaining physical modalities. A retrospective study design was conducted. 182 medical records of patients with frozen shoulder were reviewed. These frozen shoulders were treated at physiotherapy unit, department of Rehabilitation last 3 years (January, 2014- December, 2016). The data consist of onset of symptom, range of motion and obtaining physical modalities were recorded. There was a statistically significant increase in shoulder flexion [mean difference 38.88 with 95%CI were [16.00-61.77], shoulder abduction [mean difference 48.47 with 95%CI were 16.07-90.59], shoulder internal rotation [mean difference 22.36 with 95%CI were 2.81-37.18] and shoulder external rotation [mean difference 32.12 with 95%CI were [(-2.47)-(46.91)]. In addition, the onset of symptom was 76.42±46.90 days. And the physical modalities used frequently were hot pack 14.8% and ultrasound diathermy 13.7%. In conclusion, the physiotherapy program including, hot pack and ultrasound diathermy seem to be useful for frozen shoulder. But onset of symptom is too long to start physiotherapy programs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=frozen%20shoulder" title="frozen shoulder">frozen shoulder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=range%20of%20motions" title=" range of motions"> range of motions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=onset%20of%20symptom" title=" onset of symptom"> onset of symptom</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physiotherapy" title=" physiotherapy"> physiotherapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physical%20modality" title=" physical modality"> physical modality</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76455/physiotherapy-program-for-frozen-shoulder-related-to-onset-of-symptom-range-of-motions-and-obtaining-modalities" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76455.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">285</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">189</span> Effects of Progressive Resistive Exercise on Isometric Strength of Shoulder Extensor and Abductor Muscles in Adult Hemiplegic</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Abbasi">S. Abbasi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20R.%20Hadian"> M. R. Hadian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Abdolvahab"> M. Abdolvahab</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Jalili"> M. Jalili</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20H.%20Jalaei"> S. H. Jalaei</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Rehabilitation treatments have significant role in reducing the disabilities of Cerebro Vascular Accident (CVA). Due to great role of upper limb in the function of individuals particularly in Activity of Daily Living and the effect of stability of shoulder girdle on hand function, the aim of this study was to study the effects of Progressive Resistive Exercise on shoulder extensor and abductor muscles isometric strengths in adult hemiplegic. Methods: 17 adult hemiplegics patients (50-70 yrs., mean 60/52, SD7/22); with RT side dominancy and 6 months after stroke, participated in this study. All procedures were approved by ethical committee of TUMS and written consents were also taken. Patients were familiarized with the procedure and shoulder extensor and abductor muscles isometric strengths were measured by dynamometer. Results: according to result to our study, shoulder extensor and abductor muscles isometric strengths showed Significant differences between mean scores of pre and post intervention (P<0/05). Progressive Resistive Exercise improved 34% shoulder extensor muscles isometric strength and 27% shoulder abductor muscle isometric strength. Conclusion: Results of our research showed that progressive resistive exercise approach is a useful method for increasing the isometric strength of shoulder extensor and abductor muscles. Therefore, it might be concluded that improvement of strength of shoulder muscles could result in stability in shoulder girdle and consequently might effect on hand function in hemiplegic patients. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shoulder%20extensor%20muscles%20isometric%20strength" title="shoulder extensor muscles isometric strength">shoulder extensor muscles isometric strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shoulder%20abductor%20muscles%20isometric%20strength" title=" shoulder abductor muscles isometric strength"> shoulder abductor muscles isometric strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hemiplegic" title=" hemiplegic"> hemiplegic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physical%20therapy" title=" physical therapy"> physical therapy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4059/effects-of-progressive-resistive-exercise-on-isometric-strength-of-shoulder-extensor-and-abductor-muscles-in-adult-hemiplegic" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4059.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">318</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">188</span> Comparison of Number of Waves Surfed and Duration Using Global Positioning System and Inertial Sensors</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jo%C3%A3o%20Madureira">João Madureira</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ricardo%20Lagido"> Ricardo Lagido</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=In%C3%AAs%20Sousa"> Inês Sousa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fraunhofer%20Portugal"> Fraunhofer Portugal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Surf is an increasingly popular sport and its performance evaluation is often qualitative. This work aims at using a smartphone to collect and analyze the GPS and inertial sensors data in order to obtain quantitative metrics of the surfing performance. Two approaches are compared for detection of wave rides, computing the number of waves rode in a surfing session, the starting time of each wave and its duration. The first approach is based on computing the velocity from the Global Positioning System (GPS) signal and finding the velocity thresholds that allow identifying the start and end of each wave ride. The second approach adds information from the Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) of the smartphone, to the velocity thresholds obtained from the GPS unit, to determine the start and end of each wave ride. The two methods were evaluated using GPS and IMU data from two surfing sessions and validated with similar metrics extracted from video data collected from the beach. The second method, combining GPS and IMU data, was found to be more accurate in determining the number of waves, start time and duration. This paper shows that it is feasible to use smartphones for quantification of performance metrics during surfing. In particular, detection of the waves rode and their duration can be accurately determined using the smartphone GPS and IMU. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inertial%20measurement%20unit%20%28IMU%29" title="inertial measurement unit (IMU)">inertial measurement unit (IMU)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=global%20positioning%20system%20%28GPS%29" title=" global positioning system (GPS)"> global positioning system (GPS)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=smartphone" title=" smartphone"> smartphone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surfing%20performance" title=" surfing performance"> surfing performance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21286/comparison-of-number-of-waves-surfed-and-duration-using-global-positioning-system-and-inertial-sensors" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21286.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">401</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">187</span> An Electromyographic Study of Muscle Coordination during Dynamic Glenohumeral Joint Elevation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Omid%20Khaiyat">Omid Khaiyat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=David%20Hawkes"> David Hawkes</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: There remains a lack of information on sophisticated coordination patterns across shoulder girdle muscles. Considering the stability of the shoulder being heavily dependent on coordinated muscle activity during its wide-ranging movements, it is important that key intermuscular relationships are well-defined for a better understanding of underlying pathology. This study investigated shoulder intermuscular coordination during different planes of shoulder elevation. Materials and Methods: EMG was recorded from 14 shoulder muscles in 20 healthy participants during shoulder flexion, scapula plane elevation, abduction, and extension. Cross-correlation by means of Pearson Correlation Coefficient (PCC) was used to examine the coordination between different muscles and muscle groups. Results: Coordination between rotator cuff and deltoid muscle groups was significantly higher (p =0.020-0.035) during the initial (PCC) = 0.79) and final (PCC = 0.74) phases of elevation compared to the mid-range (PCC = 0.34). Furthermore, a high level of coordination (PCC = 0.89) was noted between the deltoid group and the adductor group (latissimus dorsi and teres major) during the initial stage of shoulder elevation. Conclusion: The destabilising force of the deltoid during the initial stage of shoulder elevation is balanced by coordinated activity of rotator cuff, latissimus dorsi, and teres major. This is also the case for the end-range of movement, where increased demand for stability again leads to higher coordination between the deltoid and rotator cuff muscle groups. Appreciation of the sophistication of normal shoulder function evidence-based rehabilitation strategies for conditions such as subacromial impingement syndrome or shoulder instability can be developed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shoulder" title="shoulder">shoulder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coordination" title=" coordination"> coordination</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=EMG" title=" EMG"> EMG</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=muscle%20activity" title=" muscle activity"> muscle activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=upper%20limb" title=" upper limb"> upper limb</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142637/an-electromyographic-study-of-muscle-coordination-during-dynamic-glenohumeral-joint-elevation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142637.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">167</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">186</span> Improvement of an Arm and Shoulder Exoskeleton Using Gyro Sensor</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20Maneetham">D. Maneetham</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The developed exoskeleton device has to control joints between shoulder and arm. Exoskeleton device can help patients with hemiplegia upper so that the patient can help themselves in their daily life. Exoskeleton device includes a robot arm wear that looks like the movement is similar to the normal arm. Exoskeleton arm is powered by the motor through the cable with a control system that developed to control the movement of the joint of a robot arm. The arm will include the shoulder, the elbow, and the wrist. The control system is used Arduino Mega 2560 controller and the operation of the DC motor through the relay module. The control system can be divided into two modes such as the manual control with the joystick mode and automatically control with the movement of the head by Gyro sensor. The controller is also designed to move between the shoulder and the arm movement from their original location. Results have shown that the controller gave the best performance and all movements can be controlled. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=exoskeleton%20arm" title="exoskeleton arm">exoskeleton arm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hemiplegia%20upper" title=" hemiplegia upper"> hemiplegia upper</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shoulder%20and%20arm" title=" shoulder and arm"> shoulder and arm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stroke" title=" stroke"> stroke</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/82186/improvement-of-an-arm-and-shoulder-exoskeleton-using-gyro-sensor" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/82186.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">353</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">185</span> The Effect of Modified Posterior Shoulder Stretching Exercises on Posterior Shoulder Tightness, Shoulder Pain, and Dysfunction in Patients with Subacromial Impingement</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ozge%20Tahran">Ozge Tahran</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sevgi%20Sevi%20Yesilyaprak"> Sevgi Sevi Yesilyaprak</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of the Wilk’s modified two different stretching exercises on posterior shoulder tightness, pain, and dysfunction in patients with subacromial impingement syndrome (SIS). Method: This study was carried out on 67 patients who have more than 15° difference in shoulder internal rotation range of motion between two sides and had been diagnosed as SIS. Before treatment, all patients were randomly assigned into three groups. Standard physiotherapy programme was applied to the Group 3 (n=23), standard physiotherapy program with Wilk’s modified cross-body stretching exercises were applied to Group 1 (n=22), and standard physiotherapy program with Wilk’s modified sleeper stretching exercises were applied to Group 2 (n= 23). All the patients received 20 sessions of physiotherapy during 4 weeks, 5 days in a week by a physiotherapist. The patients continued their exercises at home at the weekends. Pain severity, shoulder rotation range of motion, posterior shoulder tightness, upper extremity functionality with Constant and Murley Score (CMS) and disability level with The Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand Score (QuickDASH) were evaluated before and after physiotherapy programme. Results: Before treatment, demographic and anthropometric characteristics were similar in groups and there was no statistical difference (p > 0.05). It was determined that pain severity decreased, shoulder rotation range of motion, posterior shoulder tightness, upper extremity functionality, and disability were improved after physiotherapy in both groups (p < 0.05). Group 1 and 2 had better results in terms of reduction of pain severity during activity, increase in shoulder rotation range of motion, posterior shoulder mobility and upper extremity functionality and improvement in upper extremity disability, compared to Group 3 (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Modified posterior shoulder stretching exercises in addition to standard physiotherapy programme is more effective for reduction of pain during activity, to improve shoulder rotation range of motion, posterior shoulder mobility, and upper extremity functionality in patients with SIS compared to standard physiotherapy programme alone. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modified%20posterior%20shoulder%20stretching%20exercises" title="modified posterior shoulder stretching exercises">modified posterior shoulder stretching exercises</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=posterior%20shoulder%20tightness" title=" posterior shoulder tightness"> posterior shoulder tightness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shoulder%20complex" title=" shoulder complex"> shoulder complex</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=subacromial%20impingement%20syndrome" title=" subacromial impingement syndrome"> subacromial impingement syndrome</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95704/the-effect-of-modified-posterior-shoulder-stretching-exercises-on-posterior-shoulder-tightness-shoulder-pain-and-dysfunction-in-patients-with-subacromial-impingement" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95704.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">178</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">184</span> Aristotle University of Thessaloniki</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ail%20Akbar%20Emamverdian">Ail Akbar Emamverdian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Neriman%20%C3%96zada"> Neriman Özada</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Atabak%20Rahimzadeh%20Ilkhchi"> Atabak Rahimzadeh Ilkhchi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zahra%20Emamverdian"> Zahra Emamverdian</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The reverse shoulder prosthesis is an innovative procedure design to treat of (GH) joint problems with severe rotator cuff deficiency. The original reverse shoulder prosthesis was invented by France surgery in1985 and has been in clinical use in the United States in 2004. These prostheses consist of baseplate that attached to the glenoid, in order to hold a spherical component, and humeral part consist of polyethylene insert which is flat. This prosthesis is the ‘reverse’ configuration. The indications for the reverse prosthesis are: (1) treating failed hemi arthroplasty with irrecoverable rotator cuff tears, (2) relief of painful arthritis associated with cuff tear arthropathy, (3) instauration after tumor resection, (4) pseudo paralysis because of irrecoverable rotator cuff tears (5) some fractures of the shoulder which reverse shoulder prostheses is only the option for treatment. This prosthesis resulting in relief of pain and decreasing the range of motion in above indications. However, this prosthesis and its applications such as notching of the scapula, dislocation of the prosthesis parts and acromial stress fractures. In this article the reverse shoulder prostheses, indication has been reviewed. This study can make clear aspect of reverse shoulder prosthesis that can help to find some solution in future. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prostheses" title="prostheses">prostheses</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=complications" title=" complications"> complications</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reverse%20shoulder%20prosthesis" title=" reverse shoulder prosthesis"> reverse shoulder prosthesis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=indications" title=" indications"> indications</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47160/aristotle-university-of-thessaloniki" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47160.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">279</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">183</span> Combined Effect of Therapeutic Exercises and Shock Wave versus Therapeutic Exercises and Phonophoresis in Treatment of Shoulder Impingement Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Trial</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20M.%20Mashaly">Mohamed M. Mashaly</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20M.%20F.%20El%20Shiwi"> Ahmed M. F. El Shiwi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Shoulder impingement syndrome is an encroachment of subacromial tissues, rotator cuff, subacromial bursa, and the long head of the biceps tendon, as a result of narrowing of the subacromial space. Activities requiring repetitive or sustained use of the arms over head often predispose the rotator cuff tendon to injury. Purpose: To compare between Combined effect therapeutic exercises and Shockwave therapy versus therapeutic exercises and phonophoresis in the treatment of shoulder impingement syndrome. Methods: Thirty patients diagnosed as shoulder impingement syndrome stage II Neer classification due to mechanical causes. Patients were randomly distributed into two equal groups. The first group consisted of 15 patients with a mean age of (45.46+8.64) received therapeutic exercises (stretching exercise of posterior shoulder capsule and strengthening exercises of shoulder muscles) and shockwave therapy (6000 shocks, 2000/session, 3 sessions, 2 weeks apart, 0.22mJ/mm^2) years. The second group consisted of 15 patients with a mean age of 46.26 (+ 8.05) received same therapeutic exercises and phonophoresis (3 times per week, each other day, for 4 consecutive weeks). Patients were evaluated pretreatment and post treatment for shoulder pain severity, shoulder functional disability, shoulder flexion, abduction and internal rotation motions. Results: Patients of both groups showed significant improvement in all the measured variables. In between groups difference the shock wave group showed a significant improvement in all measured variables than phonophoresis group. Interpretation/Conclusion: Combined effect of therapeutic exercises and shock wave were more effective than therapeutic exercises and phonophoresis on decreasing shoulder pain severity, shoulder functional disability, increasing in shoulder flexion, abduction, internal rotation in patients with shoulder impingement syndrome. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shoulder%20impingement%20syndrome" title="shoulder impingement syndrome">shoulder impingement syndrome</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=therapeutic%20exercises" title=" therapeutic exercises"> therapeutic exercises</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shockwave" title=" shockwave"> shockwave</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phonophoresis" title=" phonophoresis"> phonophoresis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23418/combined-effect-of-therapeutic-exercises-and-shock-wave-versus-therapeutic-exercises-and-phonophoresis-in-treatment-of-shoulder-impingement-syndrome-a-randomized-controlled-trial" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23418.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">472</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">182</span> Effect of Prone Trunk Extension on Scapular and Thoracic Kinematics, and Activity during Scapular Posterior Tilting Exercise in Subjects with Round Shoulder Posture</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A-Reum%20Shin">A-Reum Shin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Heon-Seock%20Cynn"> Heon-Seock Cynn</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ji-Hyun%20Lee"> Ji-Hyun Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Da-Eun%20Kim"> Da-Eun Kim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Round shoulder posture (RSP) is a position of scapular protraction and elevation, which may appear as scapular winging, and humeral internal rotation. Flexed posture (FP) may also affect RSP because FP is characterized by hyperkyphosis, forward head posture, and height reduction. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of scapular posterior tilting exercise with prone trunk extension on round shoulder posture, activities of lower trapezius and serratus anterior, flexed posture, and thoracic erector spinae activity in subjects with round shoulder posture. Fifteen subjects with round shoulder posture were recruited in this study. Activities of lower trapezius, serratus anterior and thoracic erector spinae were measured during both scapular posterior tilting exercise and scapular posterior tilting exercise with prone trunk extension using electromyography, and round shoulder posture and flexed posture were measured immediately after each exercises using caliper. When the prone trunk extension was applied, the round shoulder posture and flexed posture significantly decreased, activities of lower trapezius and thoracic erector spinae significantly increased (p < 0.05) compared with the scapular posterior tilting exercise alone. There was no significant difference in serratus anterior activity between two exercises. Thus, prone trunk extension could be effective method to improve round shoulder posture during scapular posterior tilting exercise in subjects with round shoulder posture. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flexed%20posture" title="flexed posture">flexed posture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prone%20trunk%20extension" title=" prone trunk extension"> prone trunk extension</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=round%20shoulder%20posture" title=" round shoulder posture"> round shoulder posture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scapular%20posterior%20tilting" title=" scapular posterior tilting"> scapular posterior tilting</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80171/effect-of-prone-trunk-extension-on-scapular-and-thoracic-kinematics-and-activity-during-scapular-posterior-tilting-exercise-in-subjects-with-round-shoulder-posture" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80171.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">213</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">181</span> Positive Effect of Manipulated Virtual Kinematic Intervention in Individuals with Traumatic Stiff Shoulder: Pilot Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Isabella%20Schwartz">Isabella Schwartz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ori%20Safran"> Ori Safran</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Naama%20Karniel"> Naama Karniel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michal%20Abel"> Michal Abel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adina%20Berko"> Adina Berko</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Martin%20Seyres"> Martin Seyres</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tamir%20Tsoar"> Tamir Tsoar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sigal%20Portnoy"> Sigal Portnoy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Virtual Reality allows to manipulate the patient’s perception, thereby providing a motivational addition to real-time biofeedback exercises. We aimed to test the effect of manipulated virtual kinematic intervention on measures of active and passive Range of Motion (ROM), pain, and disability level in individuals with traumatic stiff shoulder. In a double-blinded study, patients with stiff shoulder following proximal humerus fracture and non-operative treatment were randomly divided into a non-manipulated feedback group (NM-group; N=6) and a manipulated feedback group (M-group; N=7). The shoulder ROM, pain, and the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) scores were tested at baseline and after the 6 sessions, during which the subjects performed shoulder flexion and abduction in front of a graphic visualization of the shoulder angle. The biofeedback provided to the NM-group was the actual shoulder angle and the feedback provided to the M-group was manipulated so that 10° were constantly subtracted from the actual angle detected by the motion capture system. The M-group showed greater improvement in the active flexion ROM, with median and interquartile range of 197.1 (140.5-425.0) compared to 142.5 (139.1-151.3) for the NM-group (p=.046). Also, the M-group showed greater improvement in the DASH scores, with median and interquartile range of 67.7 (52.8-86.2) compared to 89.7 (83.8-98.3) for the NM-group (p=.022). Manipulated intervention is beneficial in individuals with traumatic stiff shoulder and should be further tested for other populations with orthopedic injuries. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=virtual%20reality" title="virtual reality">virtual reality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biofeedback" title=" biofeedback"> biofeedback</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shoulder%20pain" title=" shoulder pain"> shoulder pain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=range%20of%20motion" title=" range of motion"> range of motion</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147008/positive-effect-of-manipulated-virtual-kinematic-intervention-in-individuals-with-traumatic-stiff-shoulder-pilot-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147008.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">125</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">180</span> Specific Biomarker Level and Function Outcome Changes in Treatment of Patients with Frozen Shoulder Using Dextrose Prolotherapy Injection</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nuralam%20Sam">Nuralam Sam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Irawan%20Yusuf"> Irawan Yusuf</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Irfan%20Idris"> Irfan Idris</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Endi%20Adnan"> Endi Adnan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The most case in the shoulder in the the adult is the frozen shoulder. It make an uncomfortable sensation which disturbance daily activity. The studies of frozen shoulder are still limited. This study used a true experimental pre and post test design with a group design. The participant underwent dextrose prolotherapy injection in the rotator cuff, intraarticular glenohumeral joint, long head tendon biceps, and acromioclavicular joint injections with 15% dextrose, respectively, at week 2, week 4, and week 6. Participants were followed for 12 weeks. The specific biomarker MMP and TIMP, ROM, DASH score were measured at baseline, at week 6, and week 12. The data were analyzed by multivariate analysis (repeated measurement ANOVA, Paired T-Test, and Wilcoxon) to determine the effect of the intervention. The result showed a significant decrease in The Disability of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) score in prolo injection patients in each measurement week (p < 0.05). While the measurement of Range of Motion (ROM), each direction of shoulder motion showed a significant difference in average each week, from week 0 to week 6 (p <0.05).Dextrose prolotherapy injection results give a significant improvement in functional outcome of the shoulder joint, and ROMand did not show significant results in assessing the specific biomarker, MMP-1, and TIMP-1 in tissue repair. This study suggestion an alternative to the use of injection prolotherapy in Frozen shoulder patients, which has fewer side effects and better effectiveness than the use of corticosteroid injections. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=frozen%20shoulder" title="frozen shoulder">frozen shoulder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ROM" title=" ROM"> ROM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DASH%20score" title=" DASH score"> DASH score</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prolotherapy" title=" prolotherapy"> prolotherapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MMP-1" title=" MMP-1"> MMP-1</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TIMP-1" title=" TIMP-1"> TIMP-1</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150215/specific-biomarker-level-and-function-outcome-changes-in-treatment-of-patients-with-frozen-shoulder-using-dextrose-prolotherapy-injection" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150215.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">115</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">179</span> A Study on the Optimum Shoulder Width in the Tunnel Considering Driving Safety</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Somyoung%20Shin">Somyoung Shin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Donghun%20Jeong"> Donghun Jeong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yeoil%20Yun"> Yeoil Yun</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> South Korea continuously installed tunnels in consideration of the safety and operation efficiency, and the number of installed tunnels has doubled over the past ten years. The tunnel section is designed based on the guidelines, but the tunnel entrance becomes narrow due to dark adaptation and pressure. In fact, around 13% of traffic in expressways of Japan happens at the entrance, leading to congestion and rear-ends collision accidents. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the stability from the expansion of the shoulder width in the tunnel entrance by applying a virtual reality driving simulator in order to reduce the accidents that happen in the tunnel entrance. To compare the driving stability based on the changes in the width of the right shoulder under the same condition, a virtual reality driving simulator is used to conduct an experiment on 30 subjects in their 20s to 60s and to provide a more practical virtual reality driving environment, and an experiment map is designed based on actual roads as the background to conduct the experiment. The right shoulder is classified into 2.5m and 3.0m based on the design guidelines of the expressways and the road structure installation regulations. The experimenters' experiment order is decided randomly. As a result of analyzing the average speed, it was displayed as 100.73km/h when the shoulder width was 2.5m and 101.69km/h when the shoulder width was 3.0m and as a result of conducting t-test analysis, the p-value appeared as more than 0.05 in the significance level of 95%, so it was statistically insignificant. Also, as a result of analyzing the speed deviation between the average driving speed of the analyzed interval and the average driving speed upon entering the tunnel, it was displayed as 3.06km/h when the shoulder width was 2.5m and 1.87km/h when the shoulder width was 3.0m and as a result of conducting t-test analysis, the p-value appeared as less than 0.05 in the significance level of 95%, so it was statistically significant. This means that when the shoulder width is 3.0m, there is stability in terms of the driving stability compared to when it is 2.5m. Therefore, it is considered that when new roads are constructed in Korea, the right shoulder width should be installed as 3.0m to enhance the driving stability. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=driving%20stability" title="driving stability">driving stability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shoulder%20width" title=" shoulder width"> shoulder width</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tunnel" title=" tunnel"> tunnel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=virtual%20reality%20driving%20simulator" title=" virtual reality driving simulator"> virtual reality driving simulator</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138893/a-study-on-the-optimum-shoulder-width-in-the-tunnel-considering-driving-safety" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138893.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">198</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">178</span> Physiotherapy Program for Frozen Shoulder on Pain, Onset of Symptom and Obtaining Modalities</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Narupon%20Kunbootsri">Narupon Kunbootsri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Kraipoj"> J. Kraipoj</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Phandech"> K. Phandech</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Sirasaporn"> P. Sirasaporn</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Physiotherapy is one of the treatments for frozen shoulder but there was no data about the treatment of physiotherapy. Moreover, it is question about onset of symptom before physiotherapy program and obtaining physical modalities and delayed start physiotherapy program lead to delayed improvement. Thus the aim of this study was to investigate physiotherapy program for frozen shoulder on pain score, onset of symptom and obtaining physical modalities. A retrospective study design was conducted. 182 medical records of patients with frozen shoulder were reviewed. These frozen shoulders were treated at physiotherapy unit, department of Rehabilitation last 3 years (January, 2014- December, 2016). The data consist of onset of symptom, pain score and obtaining physical modalities were recorded. There was a statistically significant improve in pain score, pretreatment score mean 7.24±1.52 and the last follow up pain score mean 3.88± 1.0 [mean difference 3.18 with 95%CI were [2.45- 3.92]. In addition, the onset of symptoms was 145 days before obtaining physiotherapy program. The physical modalities used frequently were hot pack 14.8% and ultrasound diathermy 13.7%. In conclusion, the retrospective study show physiotherapy program including, hot pack and ultrasound diathermy seem to be useful for frozen shoulder in term of pain score. But onset of symptom is too long to start physiotherapy programs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=frozen%20shoulder" title="frozen shoulder">frozen shoulder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physiotherapy" title=" physiotherapy"> physiotherapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pain%20score" title=" pain score"> pain score</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=onset%20of%20symptom" title=" onset of symptom"> onset of symptom</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physical%20modality" title=" physical modality"> physical modality</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87988/physiotherapy-program-for-frozen-shoulder-on-pain-onset-of-symptom-and-obtaining-modalities" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87988.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">176</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">177</span> Optimal Mother Wavelet Function for Shoulder Muscles of Upper Limb Amputees</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amanpreet%20Kaur">Amanpreet Kaur</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Wavelet transform (WT) is a powerful statistical tool used in applied mathematics for signal and image processing. The different mother, wavelet basis function, has been compared to select the optimal wavelet function that represents the electromyogram signal characteristics of upper limb amputees. Four different EMG electrode has placed on different location of shoulder muscles. Twenty one wavelet functions from different wavelet families were investigated. These functions included Daubechies (db1-db10), Symlets (sym1-sym5), Coiflets (coif1-coif5) and Discrete Meyer. Using mean square error value, the significance of the mother wavelet functions has been determined for teres, pectorals, and infraspinatus around shoulder muscles. The results show that the best mother wavelet is the db3 from the Daubechies family for efficient classification of the signal. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Daubechies" title="Daubechies">Daubechies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=upper%20limb%20amputation" title=" upper limb amputation"> upper limb amputation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shoulder%20muscles" title=" shoulder muscles"> shoulder muscles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Symlets" title=" Symlets"> Symlets</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Coiflets" title=" Coiflets"> Coiflets</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/103654/optimal-mother-wavelet-function-for-shoulder-muscles-of-upper-limb-amputees" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/103654.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">235</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">176</span> Investigation of Surface Electromyograph Signal Acquired from the around Shoulder Muscles of Upper Limb Amputees</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amanpreet%20Kaur">Amanpreet Kaur</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ravinder%20Agarwal"> Ravinder Agarwal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amod%20Kumar"> Amod Kumar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Surface electromyography is a strategy to measure the muscle activity of the skin. Sensors placed on the skin recognize the electrical current or signal generated by active muscles. A lot of the research has focussed on the detection of signal from upper limb amputee with activity of triceps and biceps muscles. The purpose of this study was to correlate phantom movement and sEMG activity in residual stump muscles of transhumeral amputee from the shoulder muscles. Eight non- amputee and seven right hand amputees were recruited for this study. sEMG data were collected for the trapezius, pectoralis and teres muscles for elevation, protraction and retraction of shoulder. Contrast between the amputees and non-amputees muscles action have been investigated. Subsequently, to investigate the impact of class separability for different motions of shoulder, analysis of variance for experimental recorded data was carried out. Results were analyzed to recognize different shoulder movements and represent a step towards the surface electromyography controlled system for amputees. Difference in F ratio (p < 0.05) values indicates the distinction in mean therefore these analysis helps to determine the independent motion. The identified signal would be used to design more accurate and efficient controllers for the upper-limb amputee for researchers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=around%20shoulder%20amputation" title="around shoulder amputation">around shoulder amputation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surface%20electromyography" title=" surface electromyography"> surface electromyography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=analysis%20of%20variance" title=" analysis of variance"> analysis of variance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=features" title=" features"> features</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64762/investigation-of-surface-electromyograph-signal-acquired-from-the-around-shoulder-muscles-of-upper-limb-amputees" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64762.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">434</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">175</span> Survey of Epidemiology and Mechanisms of Badminton Injury Using Medical Check-Up and Questionnaire of School Age Badminton Players </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiao%20Zhou">Xiao Zhou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kazuhiro%20Imai"> Kazuhiro Imai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiaoxuan%20Liu"> Xiaoxuan Liu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Badminton is one type of racket sports that requires repetitive overhead motion, with the shoulder in abduction/external rotation and requires players to perform jumps, lunges, and quick directional changes. These characteristics could be stressful for body regions that may cause badminton injuries. Regarding racket players including badminton players, there have not been any studies that have utilized medical check-up to evaluate epidemiology and mechanism of injuries. In addition, epidemiology of badminton injury in school age badminton players is unknown. The first purpose of this study was to investigate the badminton injuries, physical fitness parameters, and intensity of shoulder pain using medical check-up so that the mechanisms of shoulder injuries might be revealed. The second purpose of this study was to survey the distribution of badminton injuries in elementary school age players so that injury prevention can be implemented as early as possible. The results of this study revealed that shoulder pain occurred in all players, and present shoulder pain players had smaller weight, greater shoulder external rotation (ER) gain, significantly thinner circumference of upper limbs and greater trunk extension. Identifying players with specific of these factors may enhance the prevention of badminton injury. This study also shows that there are high incidences of knee, ankle, plantar, and shoulder injury or pain in elementary school age badminton players. Injury prevention program might be implemented for elementary school age players. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=badminton%20injury" title="badminton injury">badminton injury</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=epidemiology" title=" epidemiology"> epidemiology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=medical%20check-up" title=" medical check-up"> medical check-up</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=school%20age%20players" title=" school age players"> school age players</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/110800/survey-of-epidemiology-and-mechanisms-of-badminton-injury-using-medical-check-up-and-questionnaire-of-school-age-badminton-players" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/110800.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">138</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">174</span> Shoulder-Arm Mobility and Upper and Lower Extremity Muscle Function are Impaired in Patients with Systemic Sclerosis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Bringby">F. Bringby</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Nordin"> A. Nordin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Bj%C3%B6rn%C3%A5dal"> L. Björnådal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20Svenungsson"> E. Svenungsson</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20Bostr%C3%B6m"> C. Boström</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H%20Alexanderson"> H Alexanderson</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) have reduced hand function and self-reported limitations in daily activities. Few studies have explored limitations in shoulder-arm mobility and muscle function, or if there are differences in physical function between diffuse cutaneous (dcSSc) and limited cutaneous (lcSSc) SSc. The purpose of this study was to describe objectively assessed shoulder-arm mobility, lower extremity muscle function and muscle endurance in SSc and evaluate possible differences between lcSSc and dcSSc. 121 patients with SSc were included in this cross sectional study. Shoulder-arm mobility were examined using the Shoulder Function Assessment Scale (SFA) including 5 tasks ,lower extremity muscle function was measured by Timed stands test (TST) and muscle endurance in shoulder- and hip flexors were assessed by the Functional Index 2 (FI-2). Patients with dcSSc had median SFA hand to back score 5 (4-6) and median “hand to seat” score of 5 (4-6) compared to patients with lcSSc with corresponding median values of 6 (4-6) and 6 (5-6) respectively (p<0.01-p<0.05). 50% of both patientsgroups had lower muscle function assessed by the TST compared to age- and gender matched reference values but there were no differences in TST between the two patient groups. There was no difference in FI-2 scores between dcSSc and lcSSc. The whole group had 40 (28-83) % and 38 (32-72) % of maximal FI-2 shoulder flexion score on the right and left sides, and 40 (23-63) % and 37 (23-62) % of maximal FI-2 hip flexion score on the right and left sides. Reference values for the FI-2 indicate that healthy individuals perform in mean 100 % of maximal score. Patients with dcSSc were more limited than patients with lcSSc. Patients with SSc have reduced muscle function compared to reference values. These results highlights the importance of assessing shoulder-arm mobility and muscle function as well as a need for further research to identify exercise interventions to target these limitations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diffuse" title="diffuse">diffuse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=limited" title=" limited"> limited</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mobility" title=" mobility"> mobility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=muscle%20function" title=" muscle function"> muscle function</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physical%20therapy" title=" physical therapy"> physical therapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=systemic%20sclerosis" title=" systemic sclerosis"> systemic sclerosis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19799/shoulder-arm-mobility-and-upper-and-lower-extremity-muscle-function-are-impaired-in-patients-with-systemic-sclerosis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19799.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">392</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">173</span> Efficacy of Cool's and Rhythmic Stabilization Exercises on Scapular up Ward Rotation and Ut/Sa Ratio in Patients with Shoulder Impingement Syndrome</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammed%20Moustafa">Mohammed Moustafa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khaled%20Ayad"> Khaled Ayad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Waleed%20Reda"> Waleed Reda</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Shoulder impingement syndrome is the most common disorder of the shoulder, resulting in functional loss and disability. Objective: This study was designed to compare between the effects of scapular muscle training versus rhythmic stabilization exercises in treatment of shoulder impingement syndrome. Methods: Thirty patients participated in this study; they were assigned randomly into two experimental groups. The first experimental group (A) consisted of 15 patients with a mean age (21.87±2.72) years; they received graduated rhythmic stabilization exercises and stretching of the posterior capsule. The second experimental group (B) consisted of 15 patients with a mean age (22.27±2.94) years; they received scapular muscle training exercises in addition to stretching of the posterior capsule. Treatment was given three times per week, every other day, for four consecutive weeks. Patients have been evaluated pretreatment and post treatment for shoulder pain severity and functional disability. Results: Both groups showed highly statistical significant reduction in pain severity and functional disability measured post-treatment when compared with their corresponding values in pretreatment assessment. Conclusion: Both of rhythmic stabilization exercises and scapular muscle training are effective interventions to reduce shoulder pain severity and functional disability. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=impingement%20syndrome" title="impingement syndrome">impingement syndrome</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scapular%20exercises" title=" scapular exercises"> scapular exercises</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rhythmic%20stabilization%20exercises" title=" rhythmic stabilization exercises"> rhythmic stabilization exercises</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=posterior%20capsule%20stretch" title=" posterior capsule stretch"> posterior capsule stretch</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49290/efficacy-of-cools-and-rhythmic-stabilization-exercises-on-scapular-up-ward-rotation-and-utsa-ratio-in-patients-with-shoulder-impingement-syndrome" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49290.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">240</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">172</span> Associated Risks of Spontaneous Lung Collapse after Shoulder Surgery: A Literature Review</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fiona%20Bei%20Na%20Tan">Fiona Bei Na Tan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Glen%20Wen%20Kiat%20Ho"> Glen Wen Kiat Ho</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ee%20Leen%20Liow"> Ee Leen Liow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Li%20Yin%20Tan"> Li Yin Tan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sean%20Wei%20Loong%20Ho"> Sean Wei Loong Ho</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Shoulder arthroscopy is an increasingly common procedure. Pneumothorax post-shoulder arthroscopy is a rare complication. Objectives: Our aim is to highlight a case report of pneumothorax post shoulder arthroscopy and to conduct a literature review to evaluate the possible risk factors associated with developing a pneumothorax during or after shoulder arthroscopy. Case Report: We report the case of a 75-year-old male non-smoker who underwent left shoulder arthroscopy without regional anaesthesia and in the left lateral position. The general anaesthesia and surgery were uncomplicated. The patient was desaturated postoperatively and was found to have a pneumothorax on examination and chest X-ray. A chest tube drain was inserted promptly into the right chest. He had an uncomplicated postoperative course. Methods: PubMed Medline and Cochrane database search was carried out using the terms shoulder arthroplasty, pneumothorax, pneumomediastinum, and subcutaneous emphysema. We selected full-text articles written in English. Results: Thirty-two articles were identified and thoroughly reviewed. Based on our inclusion and exclusion criteria, 14 articles, which included 20 cases of pneumothorax during or after shoulder arthroscopy, were included. Eighty percent (16/20) of pneumothoraxes occurred postoperatively. In the articles that specify the side of pneumothorax, 91% (10/11) occur on the ipsilateral side of the arthroscopy. Eighty-eight percent (7/8) of pneumothoraxes occurred when subacromial decompression was performed. Fifty-six percent (9/16) occurred in patients placed in the lateral decubitus position. Only 30% (6/20) occurred in current or ex-smokers, and only 25% (5/20) had a pre-existing lung condition. Overall, of the articles that posit a mechanism, 75% (9/12) deem the pathogenesis to be multifactorial. Conclusion: The exact mechanism of pneumothorax is currently unknown. Awareness of this complication and timely recognition are important to prevent life-threatening sequelae. Surgeons should have a low threshold to obtain diagnostic plain radiographs in the event of clinical suspicion. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rotator%20cuff%20repair" title="rotator cuff repair">rotator cuff repair</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decompression" title=" decompression"> decompression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pressure" title=" pressure"> pressure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=complication" title=" complication"> complication</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/177536/associated-risks-of-spontaneous-lung-collapse-after-shoulder-surgery-a-literature-review" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/177536.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">67</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">171</span> Recurrent Anterior Gleno-Humeral Instability Management by Modified Latarjet Procedure</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tarek%20Aly">Tarek Aly</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The shoulder is the most mobile joint whose stability requires the interaction of both dynamic and static stabilizers. Its wide range of movement predisposes to a high susceptibility to dislocation, accounting for nearly 50% of all dislocations. This trauma typically results in ligament injury (e.g., labral tear, capsular strain) or bony fracture (e.g., loss of glenoid or humeral head bone), which frequently causes recurrent instability. Patients with significant glenoid defects may require Latarjet procedure, which involves transferring the coracoid to the antero-inferior glenoid rim. In spite of outstanding results, 15 to 30% of cases suffer complications. In this article, we discuss the diagnosis of recurrent shoulder instability, the surgical technique and various complications of Latarjet procedure. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recurrent" title="recurrent">recurrent</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anterior%20gleno-humeral%20instability" title=" anterior gleno-humeral instability"> anterior gleno-humeral instability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=latarjet" title=" latarjet"> latarjet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=unstable%20shoulder" title=" unstable shoulder"> unstable shoulder</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/176387/recurrent-anterior-gleno-humeral-instability-management-by-modified-latarjet-procedure" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/176387.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">84</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">170</span> Comparison of Sports Massage and Stretching along the Cold on Pain Intensity in Elite Female Volleyball Players with Trigger Points in Shoulder Girdle Region</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sahar%20Mohammadyari%20Ghareh%20Bolagh">Sahar Mohammadyari Ghareh Bolagh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Behnaz%20Seyedi%20Aghdam"> Behnaz Seyedi Aghdam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jalal%20Shamlou"> Jalal Shamlou</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study was done to compare the effects of sports massage and stretching along the cold on pain intensity in elite female volleyball players with trigger points in shoulder girdle region. This study was conducted on 32 female volleyball players with latent trigger points in shoulder girdle region. Patients were randomly assigned to three groups: sports massage (n=11) stretching along the cold (n=11) and control group (n=10). One session treatment program during 15 minutes was performed. Pain intensity with VAS + algometer was assessed before and after intervention and improved in both of massage and cold groups. After treatment there were no significant difference between two treatment groups (P < 0. 050). Results of present research showed sports massage and stretching along the cold were effective on pain intensity of myofascial trigger points. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sports%20massage%D8%8C%20stretching%20along%20the%20cold%D8%8C%20pain%20intensity%D8%8C%20trigger%20points" title="sports massage، stretching along the cold، pain intensity، trigger points">sports massage، stretching along the cold، pain intensity، trigger points</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=elite" title=" elite"> elite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=volleyball%20players" title=" volleyball players"> volleyball players</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shoulder%20girdle%20region" title=" shoulder girdle region"> shoulder girdle region</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37866/comparison-of-sports-massage-and-stretching-along-the-cold-on-pain-intensity-in-elite-female-volleyball-players-with-trigger-points-in-shoulder-girdle-region" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37866.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">371</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">169</span> Effect of Hand Grip Strength on Shoulder Muscles Activity in Patients with Subacromial Impingement</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20E.%20Abdelrahamn">Mohamed E. Abdelrahamn</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahmoud%20Aly%20Hassan"> Mahmoud Aly Hassan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Sarhan"> Mohamed Sarhan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Subacromial impingement syndrome (SIS) is a common shoulder disorder. Patients often complain from a decrease in electromyography (EMG) activity of the rotator cuff muscles especially the supraspinatus muscle during glenohumeral elevation. Objective: The purpose of the study is to assess the effect of applying 50% of maximum voluntary contraction of hand grip strength on the EMG activity of the shoulder muscles in patients with SIS. Methods: Thirty male and female patients participated in this study. Their ages ranged from 25 to 40 years. EMG activity of supraspinatus muscle and middle deltoid muscle was assessed without and with applying 50% of maximum voluntary contraction (MVC). Results: A significant difference was found for both supraspinatus and middle deltoid muscles, indicating that the gripping resulted in increasing muscle activity. Conclusion: Applying 50% MVC of hand grip strength could increase the supraspinatus and middle deltoid muscles activity in patients of SIS. This might be useful in the development and monitoring of shoulder rehabilitation strategies. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electromyography" title="electromyography">electromyography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=supraspinatus%20muscle" title=" supraspinatus muscle"> supraspinatus muscle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deltoid%20muscle" title=" deltoid muscle"> deltoid muscle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=subacromial%20impingement%20syndrome" title=" subacromial impingement syndrome"> subacromial impingement syndrome</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49603/effect-of-hand-grip-strength-on-shoulder-muscles-activity-in-patients-with-subacromial-impingement" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49603.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn 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