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Search results for: shoulder surfing

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text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: shoulder surfing</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">108</span> The Effect of Rowing Exercise on Elderly Health</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rachnavy%20Pornthep">Rachnavy Pornthep</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khaothin%20Thawichai"> Khaothin Thawichai</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this paper was to investigate the effects of rowing ergometer exercise on older persons health. The subjects were divided into two groups. Group 1 was control group (10 male and 10 female) Group 2 was experimental group (10 male and 10 female). The time for study was 12 week. Group 1 engage in normal daily activities Group 2 Training with rowing machine for 20 minutes three days a week. The average age of the experimental group was 73.7 years old, mean weight 55.4 kg, height 154.8 cm in the control group, mean age was 74.95 years, mean weight 48.6 kg, mean height 153.85 cm. Physical fitness test composted of body size, flexibility, Strength, muscle endurance and cardiovascular endurance. The comparison between the experimental and control groups before training showed that body weight, body mass index and waist to hip ratio were significantly different. The flexibility, strength, cardiovascular endurance was not significantly different. The comparison between the control group and the experimental group after training showed that body weight, body mass index and cardiovascular endurance were significantly different. The ratio of waist to hips, flexibility and muscular strength were not significantly different. Comparison of physical fitness before training and after training of the control group showed that body weight, flexibility (Sit and reach) and muscular strength (30 – Second chair stand) were significantly different. Body mass index, waist to hip ratio, muscles flexible (Shoulder girdle flexibility), muscle strength (30 – Second arm curl) and the cardiovascular endurance were not significantly difference. Comparison of physical fitness before training and after training the experimental group showed that waist to hip ratio, flexibility (sit and reach) muscle strength (30 – Second chair stand), cardiovascular endurance (Standing leg raises - up to 2 minutes) were significantly different. The Body mass index and the flexibility (Shoulder girdle flexibility) no significantly difference. The study found that exercising with rowing machine can improve the physical fitness of the elderly, especially the cardiovascular endurance, corresponding with the past research on the effects of exercise in the elderly with different exercise such as cycling, treadmill, walking on the elliptical machine. Therefore, we can conclude that exercise by using rowing machine can improve cardiovascular system and flexibility in the elderly. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=effect" title="effect">effect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rowing" title=" rowing"> rowing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=exercise" title=" exercise"> exercise</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=elderly" title=" elderly"> elderly</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36123/the-effect-of-rowing-exercise-on-elderly-health" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36123.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">495</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">107</span> Educational Framework for Coaches on Injury Prevention in Adolescent Team Sports</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chantell%20Gouws">Chantell Gouws</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lourens%20Millard"> Lourens Millard</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anne%20Naude"> Anne Naude</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jan-Wessel%20Meyer"> Jan-Wessel Meyer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Brandon%20Stuwart%20Shaw"> Brandon Stuwart Shaw</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ina%20Shaw"> Ina Shaw</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Millions of South African youths participate in team sports, with netball and rugby being two of the largest worldwide. This increased participation and professionalism have resulted in an increase in the number of musculoskeletal injuries. Objective: This study examined the extent to which sport coaching knowledge translates to the injuries and prevention of injuries in adolescents participating in netball and rugby. Methods: Thirty-four South African sports coaches participated in the study. Eighteen netball coaches and 16 rugby coaches with varying levels of coaching experience were selected to participate. An adapted version of Nash and Sproule’s questionnaire was used to investigate the coaches’ knowledge with regards to sport-specific common injuries, injury prevention, fitness/conditioning, individual technique development, training programs, mental training, and preparation of players. The analysis of data was carried out using a number of different techniques outlined by Nash and Sproule (2012). These techniques were determined by the type of data. Descriptive data was used to provide statistical analysis. Quantitative data was used to determine the educational framework and knowledge of sports coaches on injury prevention. Numerical data was obtained through questions on sports injuries, as well as coaches’ sports knowledge levels. Participants’ knowledge was measured using a standardized scoring system. Results: For the 0-4 years of netball coaching experience, 76.4% of the coaches had knowledge and experience and 33.3% appropriate first aid knowledge, while for the 9-12 years and 13-16 years, 100% of the coaches had knowledge and experience and first aid knowledge. For the 0-4 years in rugby coaching experience, 59.1% had knowledge and experience and 71% the appropriate first aid knowledge; for the 17-20 years, 100% had knowledge and experience and first aid, while for higher or equal to 25 years, 45.5% had knowledge and experience. In netball, 90% of injuries consisted of ankle injuries, followed by 70% for knee, 50% for shoulder, 20% for lower leg, and 15% for finger injuries. In rugby, 81% of the injuries occurred at the knee, followed by 50% for the shoulder, 40% for the ankle, 31% for the head and neck, and 25% for hamstring injuries. Six hours of training resulted in a 13% chance of injuries in netball and a 32% chance in rugby. For 10 hours of training, the injury prevalence was 10% in netball and 17% in rugby, while 15 hours resulted in an injury incidence of 58% in netball players and a 25% chance in rugby players. Conclusion: This study highlights the need for coaches to improve their knowledge in relation to injuries and injury prevention, along with factors that act as a preventative measure and promotes players’ well-being. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=musculoskeletal%20injury" title="musculoskeletal injury">musculoskeletal injury</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sport%20coaching" title=" sport coaching"> sport coaching</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sport%20trauma" title=" sport trauma"> sport trauma</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149883/educational-framework-for-coaches-on-injury-prevention-in-adolescent-team-sports" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149883.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">161</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">106</span> A Cross-Sectional Study on Smartphone Addiction, Sleep Hygiene, and Perceived Stress</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kriti%20Singh">Kriti Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saurabh%20Tripathi"> Saurabh Tripathi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pankaj%20Chaudhary"> Pankaj Chaudhary</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abid%20Ali%20Ansari"> Abid Ali Ansari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seema%20Nigam"> Seema Nigam</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: The introduction of android and iOS has changed our lives dramatically over the past few years. The new generation is more dependent on their mobile phones for carrying out their daily pursuits. Smartphones have revolutionized our lives. The cutdown in rates of mobile network services has been affecting us drastically. A new type of dependence is seen among the people for Smartphones. A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the state of addiction among the group of medical students, along with its association with sleep hygiene and anxiety. Material and Method: Study included 50 individuals in the age group of 18-35 years. Smartphone Addiction Scale Short Version, Sleep Hygiene Index, and Perceived Stress Scales were used conducting the study. Results: Mean age of 22 years (12%). The majority of subjects were 20-year olds (15 out of 50), the majority were males with few females. Mean Smartphone addiction score 39 (very severe), Mean Sleep Hygiene Index score 26.76 (moderate maladaptive hygiene and Mean Perceived Stress score of 19.92 (moderate stress). Conclusion: In majority students were found to have a very severe Smartphone Addiction with moderate sleep hygiene and a moderate level of perceived stress. The Smartphone was being used was for surfing social media applications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=addiction%20perceived%20stress" title="addiction perceived stress">addiction perceived stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sleep%20hygiene%20index" title=" sleep hygiene index"> sleep hygiene index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=smartphone" title=" smartphone"> smartphone</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/121261/a-cross-sectional-study-on-smartphone-addiction-sleep-hygiene-and-perceived-stress" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/121261.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">137</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">105</span> Model Development for Real-Time Human Sitting Posture Detection Using a Camera</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jheanel%20E.%20Estrada">Jheanel E. Estrada</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Larry%20A.%20Vea"> Larry A. Vea</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study developed model to detect proper/improper sitting posture using the built in web camera which detects the upper body points’ location and distances (chin, manubrium and acromion process). It also established relationships of human body frames and proper sitting posture. The models were developed by training some well-known classifiers such as KNN, SVM, MLP, and Decision Tree using the data collected from 60 students of different body frames. Decision Tree classifier demonstrated the most promising model performance with an accuracy of 95.35% and a kappa of 0.907 for head and shoulder posture. Results also showed that there were relationships between body frame and posture through Body Mass Index. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=posture" title="posture">posture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spinal%20points" title=" spinal points"> spinal points</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gyroscope" title=" gyroscope"> gyroscope</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=image%20processing" title=" image processing"> image processing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ergonomics" title=" ergonomics"> ergonomics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63296/model-development-for-real-time-human-sitting-posture-detection-using-a-camera" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63296.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">329</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">104</span> Polar Nanoregions in Lead-Free Relaxor Ceramics: Unveiling through Impedance Spectroscopy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammed%20Mesrar">Mohammed Mesrar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamza%20El%20Malki"> Hamza El Malki</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamza%20Mesrar"> Hamza Mesrar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, ceramics of (1-x)(Na0.5Bi0.5)TiO3 x(K0.5 Bi0.5)TiO3 were synthesized through a conventional calcination process (solid-state method) at 1000°C for 4 hours, with x(%) values ranging from 0.0 to 100. Room temperature XRD patterns confirmed the phase formation of the samples. The Rietveld refinement method was employed to verify the morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) at x(%)=16-20. We investigated the average crystallite size and lattice strain using Scherrer's formula and Williamson-Hall (W-H) analysis. SEM image analyses provided additional evidence of the impact of doping on structural growth under low temperatures. Relaxation time extracted from Z″(f) and M″(f) spectra for x(%) = 0.0, 12, 16, 20, and 30 followed the Arrhenius law, revealing the presence of three distinct relaxation mechanisms with varying activation energies. The shoulder response in M″(f) indirectly indicated the existence of highly polarizable entities in the samples, serving as a signature of polar nanoregions (PNRs) within the grains.In this study, ceramics of (1-x)(Na0.5Bi0.5)TiO3 x(K0.5 Bi0.5)TiO3 were synthesized through a conventional calcination process (solid-state method) at 1000°C for 4 hours, with x(%) values ranging from 0.0 to 100. Room temperature XRD patterns confirmed the phase formation of the samples. The Rietveld refinement method was employed to verify the morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) at x(%)=16-20. We investigated the average crystallite size and lattice strain using Scherrer's formula and Williamson-Hall (W-H) analysis. SEM image analyses provided additional evidence of the impact of doping on structural growth under low temperatures. Relaxation time extracted from Z″(f) and M″(f) spectra for x(%) = 0.0, 12, 16, 20, and 30 followed the Arrhenius law, revealing the presence of three distinct relaxation mechanisms with varying activation energies. The shoulder response in M″(f) indirectly indicated the existence of highly polarizable entities in the samples, serving as a signature of polar nanoregions (PNRs) within the grains. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%281-x%29%28Na0.5Bi0.5%29TiO3%20x%28K0.5%20Bi0.5%29TiO3" title="(1-x)(Na0.5Bi0.5)TiO3 x(K0.5 Bi0.5)TiO3">(1-x)(Na0.5Bi0.5)TiO3 x(K0.5 Bi0.5)TiO3</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rietveld%20refinement" title=" Rietveld refinement"> Rietveld refinement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Scanning%20electron%20microscopy%20%28SEM%29" title=" Scanning electron microscopy (SEM)"> Scanning electron microscopy (SEM)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Williamson-Hall%20plots" title=" Williamson-Hall plots"> Williamson-Hall plots</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=charge%20density%20distribution" title=" charge density distribution"> charge density distribution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dielectric%20properties" title=" dielectric properties"> dielectric properties</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183992/polar-nanoregions-in-lead-free-relaxor-ceramics-unveiling-through-impedance-spectroscopy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183992.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">63</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">103</span> A Study on the Establishment of a 4-Joint Based Motion Capture System and Data Acquisition</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kyeong-Ri%20Ko">Kyeong-Ri Ko</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seong%20Bong%20Bae"> Seong Bong Bae</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jang%20Sik%20Choi"> Jang Sik Choi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sung%20Bum%20Pan"> Sung Bum Pan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A simple method for testing the posture imbalance of the human body is to check for differences in the bilateral shoulder and pelvic height of the target. In this paper, to check for spinal disorders the authors have studied ways to establish a motion capture system to obtain and express motions of 4-joints, and to acquire data based on this system. The 4 sensors are attached to the both shoulders and pelvis. To verify the established system, the normal and abnormal postures of the targets listening to a lecture were obtained using the established 4-joint based motion capture system. From the results, it was confirmed that the motions taken by the target was identical to the 3-dimensional simulation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inertial%20sensor" title="inertial sensor">inertial sensor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=motion%20capture" title=" motion capture"> motion capture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=motion%20data%20acquisition" title=" motion data acquisition"> motion data acquisition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=posture%20imbalance" title=" posture imbalance"> posture imbalance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4802/a-study-on-the-establishment-of-a-4-joint-based-motion-capture-system-and-data-acquisition" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4802.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">515</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">102</span> Research on Detection of Web Page Visual Salience Region Based on Eye Tracker and Spectral Residual Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiaoying%20Guo">Xiaoying Guo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiangyun%20Wang"> Xiangyun Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chunhua%20Jia"> Chunhua Jia</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Web page has been one of the most important way of knowing the world. Humans catch a lot of information from it everyday. Thus, understanding where human looks when they surfing the web pages is rather important. In normal scenes, the down-top features and top-down tasks significantly affect humans’ eye movement. In this paper, we investigated if the conventional visual salience algorithm can properly predict humans’ visual attractive region when they viewing the web pages. First, we obtained the eye movement data when the participants viewing the web pages using an eye tracker. By the analysis of eye movement data, we studied the influence of visual saliency and thinking way on eye-movement pattern. The analysis result showed that thinking way affect human’ eye-movement pattern much more than visual saliency. Second, we compared the results of web page visual salience region extracted by Itti model and Spectral Residual (SR) model. The results showed that Spectral Residual (SR) model performs superior than Itti model by comparison with the heat map from eye movements. Considering the influence of mind habit on humans’ visual region of interest, we introduced one of the most important cue in mind habit-fixation position to improved the SR model. The result showed that the improved SR model can better predict the human visual region of interest in web pages. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=web%20page%20salience%20region" title="web page salience region">web page salience region</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=eye-tracker" title=" eye-tracker"> eye-tracker</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spectral%20residual" title=" spectral residual"> spectral residual</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=visual%20salience" title=" visual salience"> visual salience</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74168/research-on-detection-of-web-page-visual-salience-region-based-on-eye-tracker-and-spectral-residual-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74168.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">276</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">101</span> Arthroscopic Superior Capsular Reconstruction Using the Long Head of the Biceps Tendon (LHBT)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ho%20Sy%20Nam">Ho Sy Nam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tang%20Ha%20Nam%20Anh"> Tang Ha Nam Anh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Rotator cuff tears are a common problem in the aging population. The prevalence of massive rotator cuff tears varies in some studies from 10% to 40%. Of irreparable rotator cuff tears (IRCTs), which are mostly associated with massive tear size, 79% are estimated to have recurrent tears after surgical repair. Recent studies have shown that superior capsule reconstruction (SCR) in massive rotator cuff tears can be an efficient technique with optimistic clinical scores and preservation of stable glenohumeral stability. Superior capsule reconstruction techniques most commonly use either fascia lata autograft or dermal allograft, both of which have their own benefits and drawbacks (such as the potential for donor site issues, allergic reactions, and high cost). We propose a simple technique for superior capsule reconstruction that involves using the long head of the biceps tendon as a local autograft; therefore, the comorbidities related to graft harvesting are eliminated. The long head of the biceps tendon proximal portion is relocated to the footprint and secured as the SCR, serving to both stabilize the glenohumeral joint and maintain vascular supply to aid healing. Objective: The purpose of this study is to assess the clinical outcomes of patients with large to massive RCTs treated by SCR using LHBT. Materials and methods: A study was performed of consecutive patients with large to massive RCTs who were treated by SCR using LHBT between January 2022 and December 2022. We use one double-loaded suture anchor to secure the long head of the biceps to the middle of the footprint. Two more anchors are used to repair the rotator cuff using a single-row technique, which is placed anteriorly and posteriorly on the lateral side of the previously transposed LHBT. Results: The 3 men and 5 women had an average age of 61.25 years (range 48 to 76 years) at the time of surgery. The average follow-up was 8.2 months (6 to 10 months) after surgery. The average preoperative ASES was 45.8, and the average postoperative ASES was 85.83. The average postoperative UCLA score was 29.12. VAS score was improved from 5.9 to 1.12. The mean preoperative ROM of forward flexion and external rotation of the shoulder was 720 ± 160 and 280 ± 80, respectively. The mean postoperative ROM of forward flexion and external rotation were 1310 ± 220 and 630 ± 60, respectively. There were no cases of progression of osteoarthritis or rotator cuff muscle atrophy. Conclusion: SCR using LHBT is considered a treatment option for patients with large or massive RC tears. It can restore superior glenohumeral stability and function of the shoulder joint and can be an effective procedure for selected patients, helping to avoid progression to cuff tear arthropathy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=superior%20capsule%20reconstruction" title="superior capsule reconstruction">superior capsule reconstruction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=large%20or%20massive%20rotator%20cuff%20tears" title=" large or massive rotator cuff tears"> large or massive rotator cuff tears</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20long%20head%20of%20the%20biceps" title=" the long head of the biceps"> the long head of the biceps</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stabilize%20the%20glenohumeral%20joint" title=" stabilize the glenohumeral joint"> stabilize the glenohumeral joint</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163250/arthroscopic-superior-capsular-reconstruction-using-the-long-head-of-the-biceps-tendon-lhbt" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163250.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">77</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">100</span> Prevalence of the Musculoskeletal Disorder amongst School Teachers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nirav%20Vaghela">Nirav Vaghela</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sanket%20Parekh"> Sanket Parekh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objective: Musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) represent one of the most common and important occupational health problems in working populations, being responsible for a substantial impact on quality of life and incurring a major economic burden in compensation cost and lost wages. School teachers represent an occupational group among which there appears to be a high prevalence of MSD. Design: Three hundred and fourteen teachers were enrolled in this study. Teachers were interview with the Modified Nordic Questionnaire. Result: In current study total 314 participants have been recruited in that minimum age of participants is 22 and maximum age is 59 with mean 40.5± 9.88. Total prevalence of the MSD is 71.95% among the teachers. In that Female were more affected with 72% than the males with 28%. Conclusion: The teachers here in reported a high prevalence of musculoskeletal pain in the shoulder, knee and back. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=repetitive%20stress%20injury" title="repetitive stress injury">repetitive stress injury</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pain" title=" pain"> pain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=occupational%20hazards" title=" occupational hazards"> occupational hazards</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=disability" title=" disability"> disability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=abneetism" title=" abneetism"> abneetism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physical%20health" title=" physical health"> physical health</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality%20of%20life" title=" quality of life"> quality of life</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52259/prevalence-of-the-musculoskeletal-disorder-amongst-school-teachers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52259.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">291</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">99</span> Sentiment Analysis of Chinese Microblog Comments: Comparison between Support Vector Machine and Long Short-Term Memory</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xu%20Jiaqiao">Xu Jiaqiao</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Text sentiment analysis is an important branch of natural language processing. This technology is widely used in public opinion analysis and web surfing recommendations. At present, the mainstream sentiment analysis methods include three parts: sentiment analysis based on a sentiment dictionary, based on traditional machine learning, and based on deep learning. This paper mainly analyzes and compares the advantages and disadvantages of the SVM method of traditional machine learning and the Long Short-term Memory (LSTM) method of deep learning in the field of Chinese sentiment analysis, using Chinese comments on Sina Microblog as the data set. Firstly, this paper classifies and adds labels to the original comment dataset obtained by the web crawler, and then uses Jieba word segmentation to classify the original dataset and remove stop words. After that, this paper extracts text feature vectors and builds document word vectors to facilitate the training of the model. Finally, SVM and LSTM models are trained respectively. After accuracy calculation, it can be obtained that the accuracy of the LSTM model is 85.80%, while the accuracy of SVM is 91.07%. But at the same time, LSTM operation only needs 2.57 seconds, SVM model needs 6.06 seconds. Therefore, this paper concludes that: compared with the SVM model, the LSTM model is worse in accuracy but faster in processing speed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sentiment%20analysis" title="sentiment analysis">sentiment analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=support%20vector%20machine" title=" support vector machine"> support vector machine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=long%20short-term%20memory" title=" long short-term memory"> long short-term memory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chinese%20microblog%20comments" title=" Chinese microblog comments"> Chinese microblog comments</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154733/sentiment-analysis-of-chinese-microblog-comments-comparison-between-support-vector-machine-and-long-short-term-memory" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154733.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">94</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">98</span> Operative Technique of Glenoid Anteversion Osteotomy and Soft Tissue Rebalancing for Brachial Plexus Birth Palsy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michael%20Zaidman">Michael Zaidman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Naum%20Simanovsky"> Naum Simanovsky</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The most of brachial birth palsies are transient. Children with incomplete recovery almost always develop an internal rotation and adduction contracture. The muscle imbalance around the shoulder results in glenohumeral joint deformity and functional limitations. Natural history of glenohumeral deformity is it’s progression with worsening of function. Anteversion glenoid osteotomy with latissimus dorsi and teres major tendon transfers could be an alternative procedure of proximal humeral external rotation osteotomy for patients with severe glenohumeral dysplasia secondary to brachial plexus birth palsy. We will discuss pre-operative planning and stepped operative technique of the procedure on clinical example. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=obstetric%20brachial%20plexus%20palsy" title="obstetric brachial plexus palsy">obstetric brachial plexus palsy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=glenoid%20anteversion%20osteotomy" title=" glenoid anteversion osteotomy"> glenoid anteversion osteotomy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tendon%20transfer" title=" tendon transfer"> tendon transfer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=operative%20technique" title=" operative technique"> operative technique</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/174911/operative-technique-of-glenoid-anteversion-osteotomy-and-soft-tissue-rebalancing-for-brachial-plexus-birth-palsy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/174911.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">75</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">97</span> Effect of Process Parameters on Mechanical Properties of Friction Stir Welded Aluminium Alloy Joints Using Factorial Design</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gurjinder%20Singh">Gurjinder Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ankur%20Gill"> Ankur Gill</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amardeep%20Singh%20Kang"> Amardeep Singh Kang </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the present work an effort has been made to study the influence of the welding parameters on tensile strength of friction stir welding of aluminum. Three process parameters tool rotation speed, welding speed, and shoulder diameter were selected for the study. Two level factorial design of eight runs was selected for conducting the experiments. The mathematical model was developed from the data obtained. The significance of coefficients and adequacy of developed models were tested by ‘t’ test and ‘F’ test respectively. The effects of process parameters on mechanical properties have been represented in the form of graphs for better understanding. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=friction%20stir%20welding" title="friction stir welding">friction stir welding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aluminium%20alloy" title=" aluminium alloy"> aluminium alloy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mathematical%20model" title=" mathematical model"> mathematical model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=welding%20speed" title=" welding speed "> welding speed </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16410/effect-of-process-parameters-on-mechanical-properties-of-friction-stir-welded-aluminium-alloy-joints-using-factorial-design" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16410.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">440</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">96</span> Comparing Hotels&#039; Official Websites with Their Pages on Booking Sites: An Exploratory Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iman%20Shawky">Iman Shawky</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Hotel websites frequently aim at encouraging visitors to become potential guests by completing their booking procedures, and accordingly, they have been proved to be attractive and appealing. That might be due to the consideration of them as one of the direct efficacious tools to promote and sell hotels' facilities, besides building strong communication with guests to create unforgettable brand images. This study tried to find out a step for five-star and four-star hotels to develop their websites to meet their visitors' or guests' requirements for an effective site. In addition, it aimed at exploring to what extent hotels' official websites compared with their pages on hotel booking sites still influence visitors' or guests' desires to book. Besides, it also aimed at investigating to what extent visitors or guests widely trust and use those sites to accomplish their booking. Furthermore, it tried to explore to what extent visitors' or guests' preferences of those sites can influence on hotels' financial performance. To achieve these objectives, the researcher conducted an exploratory study by surfing both hotels' official websites and their pages on booking sites of such hotels in Alexandria city in Egypt to make a comparison between them. Moreover, another separate comparison was made on Arab and foreign guests' views conducted by using a questionnaire during the past seven months to investigate the effectiveness of hotels' official websites against their pages on booking sites to trust and motive them to book. The results indicated that hotels' pages on booking sites represented widely trusted and used sites compared with their official websites for achieving visitors' or guests' booking process, while a few other visitors or guests still trusted official hotel websites for completing their booking. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=five-star%20and%20four-star%20hotels" title="five-star and four-star hotels">five-star and four-star hotels</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hotel%20booking%20sites" title=" hotel booking sites"> hotel booking sites</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hotels%27%20financial%20performance" title=" hotels&#039; financial performance"> hotels&#039; financial performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hotels%27%20official%20websites" title=" hotels&#039; official websites"> hotels&#039; official websites</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/123961/comparing-hotels-official-websites-with-their-pages-on-booking-sites-an-exploratory-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/123961.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">141</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">95</span> Atypical Clinical Presentation of Wallenberg Syndrome from Acute Right Lateral Medullary Infarct in a 37 Year Old Female</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sweta%20Das">Sweta Das</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This case report highlights the atypical clinical manifestation of ipsilateral head, neck, shoulder, and eye pain with erythema and edema of right eyelid and conjunctiva, along with typical presentation of right sided Horner’s syndrome in a 37-year-old female, who was correctly diagnosed with Wallenberg syndrome due to collaborative effort from optometry, primary care, emergency, and neurology specialties in medicine. Horner’s syndrome is present in 75% of patients with Wallenberg syndrome. Given that patients with Wallenberg syndrome often first present to the Emergency Department with a vast variety of non-specific symptoms, and a normal MRI, a delayed diagnosis is common. Therefore, a collaborative effort between emergency department, optometry, primary care, and neurology is essential in correctly diagnosing Wallenberg’s syndrome in a timely manner. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=horner%27s%20syndrome" title="horner&#039;s syndrome">horner&#039;s syndrome</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stroke" title=" stroke"> stroke</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wallenberg%20syndrome" title=" wallenberg syndrome"> wallenberg syndrome</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lateropulsion%20of%20eyes" title=" lateropulsion of eyes"> lateropulsion of eyes</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/177877/atypical-clinical-presentation-of-wallenberg-syndrome-from-acute-right-lateral-medullary-infarct-in-a-37-year-old-female" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/177877.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">61</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">94</span> Damage to LCP by the Ratcheting Phenomenon Under Cyclic Motion in Oligocyclic Fatigue</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aboussalih%20Amira">Aboussalih Amira</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zarza%20Tahar"> Zarza Tahar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fedaoui%20Kamel"> Fedaoui Kamel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Baroura%20Lazhar"> Baroura Lazhar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hammoudi%20Salah"> Hammoudi Salah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> 316 L steel is a stainless steel frequently used in orthopedic surgery; in the design of implants (hip, knee, shoulder, ankle, etc.), in dental surgery, cardiology, ophthalmology. Before any use, it is essential to predict the macroscopic phenomenological behavior of the material, and to analyze its response. The behavior of 316 L steel in low cycle fatigue, under uniaxial cyclic loading of tension/compression, producing significant plastic deformations leading to material damage. This investigation allowed us to characterize the behavior of the 316L steel employed in the locking of the compression plates (LCP), of which they are generally used in orthopedics to stabilize the fractured bone parts. And to perceive the phenomenon of Ratcheting leading to the damage of LCP by an excess of plastic deformation under nonsymmetrical alternated imposed constraint in low cycle fatigue. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=316L%20SS" title="316L SS">316L SS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=locking%20compression%20plate" title=" locking compression plate"> locking compression plate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low%20cycle%20fatigue" title=" low cycle fatigue"> low cycle fatigue</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ratcheting" title=" ratcheting"> ratcheting</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182140/damage-to-lcp-by-the-ratcheting-phenomenon-under-cyclic-motion-in-oligocyclic-fatigue" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182140.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">63</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">93</span> Early Formation of Adipocere in Subtropical Climate</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asit%20K.%20Sikary">Asit K. Sikary</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=O.%20P.%20Murty"> O. P. Murty</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Adipocere formation is a modification of the process of putrefaction. It consists mainly of saturated fatty acids, formed by the post-mortem hydrolysis and hydrogenation of body fats with the help of bacterial enzymes in the presence of warmth, moisture and anaerobic bacteria. In temperate climate, it takes weeks to develop while in India it starts to begin within 4-5 days. In this study, we have collected cases with adipocere formation, which were from the South Delhi region (average room temperature 27-390C) and autopsied at our centre. Details of the circumstances of the death, cause and time of death, surrounding environment and demographic profile of the deceased were taken into account. Total 16 cases were included in this study. Adipocere formation was predominantly present over cheeks, shoulder, breast, flanks, buttocks, and thighs. Out of 16, 11 cases were found in a dry atmosphere, 5 cases were brought from the water. There were 5 cases in which adipocere formation was seen in less than 2 days, and among them, in 1 case, as early as one day. This study showed that adipocere formation can be seen as early as 1 day in a hot and humid environment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adipocere" title="adipocere">adipocere</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drowning" title=" drowning"> drowning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hanging" title=" hanging"> hanging</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=humid%20environment" title=" humid environment"> humid environment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strangulation" title=" strangulation"> strangulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=subtropical%20climate" title=" subtropical climate"> subtropical climate</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27971/early-formation-of-adipocere-in-subtropical-climate" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27971.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">422</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">92</span> Beta Titanium Alloys: The Lowest Elastic Modulus for Biomedical Applications: A Review</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohsin%20Talib%20Mohammed">Mohsin Talib Mohammed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zahid%20A.%20Khan"> Zahid A. Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arshad%20N.%20Siddiquee"> Arshad N. Siddiquee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Biometallic materials are the most important materials for use in biomedical applications especially in manufacturing a variety of biological artificial replacements in a modern worlds, e.g. hip, knee or shoulder joints, due to their advanced characteristics. Titanium (Ti) and its alloys are used extensively in biomedical applications based on their high specific strength and excellent corrosion resistance. Beta-Ti alloys containing completely biocompatible elements are exceptionally prospective materials for manufacturing of bioimplants. They have superior mechanical, chemical and electrochemical properties for use as biomaterials. These biomaterials have the ability to introduce the most important property of biochemical compatibility which is low elastic modulus. This review examines current information on the recent developments in alloying elements leading to improvements of beta Ti alloys for use as biomaterials. Moreover, this paper focuses mainly on the evolution, evaluation and development of the modulus of elasticity as an effective factor on the performance of beta alloys. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=beta%20alloys" title="beta alloys">beta alloys</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biomedical%20applications" title=" biomedical applications"> biomedical applications</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=titanium%20alloys" title=" titanium alloys"> titanium alloys</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Young%27s%20modulus" title=" Young&#039;s modulus"> Young&#039;s modulus</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6030/beta-titanium-alloys-the-lowest-elastic-modulus-for-biomedical-applications-a-review" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6030.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">325</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">91</span> Quantifying Freeway Capacity Reductions by Rainfall Intensities Based on Stochastic Nature of Flow Breakdown</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hoyoung%20Lee">Hoyoung Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dong-Kyu%20Kim"> Dong-Kyu Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seung-Young%20Kho"> Seung-Young Kho</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Eddie%20Wilson"> R. Eddie Wilson</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p class="Abstract"><span lang="EN-US">This study quantifies a decrement in freeway capacity during rainfall. Traffic and rainfall data were gathered from Highway Agencies and Wunderground weather service. Three inter-urban freeway sections and its nearest weather stations were selected as experimental sites. Capacity analysis found reductions of maximum and mean pre-breakdown flow rates due to rainfall. The Kruskal-Wallis test also provided some evidence to suggest that the variance in the pre-breakdown flow rate is statistically insignificant. Potential application of this study lies in the operation of real time traffic management schemes such as Variable Speed Limits (VSL), Hard Shoulder Running (HSR), and Ramp Metering System (RMS), where speed or flow limits could be set based on a number of factors, including rainfall events and their intensities.<o:p> </o:p></span> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=capacity%20randomness" title="capacity randomness">capacity randomness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flow%20breakdown" title=" flow breakdown"> flow breakdown</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=freeway%20capacity" title=" freeway capacity"> freeway capacity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rainfall" title=" rainfall"> rainfall</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69639/quantifying-freeway-capacity-reductions-by-rainfall-intensities-based-on-stochastic-nature-of-flow-breakdown" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69639.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">382</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">90</span> Anthropometric Parameters of Classroom Furniture in Public and Private Universities of Karachi</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Farhan%20Iqbal">Farhan Iqbal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Ergonomics has its implication in classroom. Present study aimed at finding out the comfort level of students at university level due to classroom furniture which may affect students learning. Two public and one private institution was targeted. Purposive sampling was done. Four hundred and seventy five students volunteered to reply to a questionnaire. Different furniture were measured and descriptively compared with ISO 5970 standard. Overall discomfort was found to be statistically significant as compared to comfort. Comfort and discomfort were found to be negatively correlated. Gender did not differ on upper body discomfort, though, the median score found men to be more comfortable at upper body. GPA was found to be independent of comfort level. Most afflicted areas were neck, shoulder, upper back, lower back and pelvic. The present study will be helpful for all educational institutions of Pakistan. Future studies may be carried out with structural and functional anthropometric data of students for redesigning of the classroom furniture. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anthropometry" title="anthropometry">anthropometry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=classroom%20furniture" title=" classroom furniture"> classroom furniture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=comfort" title=" comfort"> comfort</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=discomfort" title=" discomfort"> discomfort</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=learning" title=" learning"> learning</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4014/anthropometric-parameters-of-classroom-furniture-in-public-and-private-universities-of-karachi" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4014.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">311</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">89</span> Influence of Bra Band Tension and Underwire Angles on Breast Motion</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cheuk%20Wing%20Lee">Cheuk Wing Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kit%20Lun%20Yick"> Kit Lun Yick</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sun%20Pui%20Ng"> Sun Pui Ng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joanne%20Yip"> Joanne Yip</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Daily activities and exercise may result in large displacements of the breasts, which lead to breast pain and discomfort. Therefore, a proper bra design and fit can help to control excessive breast motion to prevent the over-stretching of the connective tissues. Nevertheless, bra fit problems, such as excessively high tension of the shoulder straps and a tight underband could have substantially negative effects on the wear comfort and health of the wearer. The purpose of this study is to, therefore, examine the effects of bra band tension on breast displacement. Usually, human wear trials are carried out, but there are inconsistencies during testing. Therefore, a soft manikin torso is used to examine breast displacement at walking speeds of 2.30 km/h and 4.08 km/h. The breast displacement itself is determined by using a VICON motion capture system. The 3D geometric changes of the underwire bra band tension and the corresponding control of breast movement are also analyzed by using a 3D handheld scanner along with Rapidform software. The results indicate that an appropriate bra band tension can help to reduce breast displacement and provide a comfortable angle for the underwire. The findings can be used by designers and bra engineers as a reference source to advance bra design and development. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bra%20band" title="bra band">bra band</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bra%20features" title=" bra features"> bra features</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=breast%20displacement" title=" breast displacement"> breast displacement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=underwire%20angle" title=" underwire angle"> underwire angle</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/93789/influence-of-bra-band-tension-and-underwire-angles-on-breast-motion" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/93789.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">251</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">88</span> A Multimodal Measurement Approach Using Narratives and Eye Tracking to Investigate Visual Behaviour in Perceiving Naturalistic and Urban Environments</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khizar%20Z.%20Choudhrya">Khizar Z. Choudhrya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Richard%20Coles"> Richard Coles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salman%20Qureshi"> Salman Qureshi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Robert%20Ashford"> Robert Ashford</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salim%20Khan"> Salim Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rabia%20R.%20Mir"> Rabia R. Mir</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Abstract: The majority of existing landscape research has been derived by conducting heuristic evaluations, without having empirical insight of real participant visual response. In this research, a modern multimodal measurement approach (using narratives and eye tracking) was applied to investigate visual behaviour in perceiving naturalistic and urban environments. This research is unique in exploring gaze behaviour on environmental images possessing different levels of saliency. Eye behaviour is predominantly attracted by salient locations. The concept of methodology of this research on naturalistic and urban environments is drawn from the approaches in market research. Borrowing methodologies from market research that examine visual responses and qualities provided a critical and hitherto unexplored approach. This research has been conducted by using mixed methodological quantitative and qualitative approaches. On the whole, the results of this research corroborated existing landscape research findings, but they also identified potential refinements. The research contributes both methodologically and empirically to human-environment interaction (HEI). This study focused on initial impressions of environmental images with the help of eye tracking. Taking under consideration the importance of the image, this study explored the factors that influence initial fixations in relation to expectations and preferences. In terms of key findings of this research it is noticed that each participant has his own unique navigation style while surfing through different elements of landscape images. This individual navigation style is given the name of ‘visual signature’. This study adds the necessary clarity that would complete the picture and bring an insight for future landscape researchers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human-environment%20interaction%20%28HEI%29" title="human-environment interaction (HEI)">human-environment interaction (HEI)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multimodal%20measurement" title=" multimodal measurement"> multimodal measurement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=narratives" title=" narratives"> narratives</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=eye%20tracking" title=" eye tracking"> eye tracking</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12630/a-multimodal-measurement-approach-using-narratives-and-eye-tracking-to-investigate-visual-behaviour-in-perceiving-naturalistic-and-urban-environments" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12630.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">339</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">87</span> Prevalence of Work Related Musculoskeletal Symptoms among Surgeons</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nirav%20P.%20Vaghela">Nirav P. Vaghela</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Work-related musculoskeletal symptoms (WMS) are a major health issue in many occupations all over the world. Past research on hospital workers have mainly been focused on nurses [8] and very few studies have examined musculoskeletal symptoms among doctors in various specialties. The work of surgeons can involve high levels of mental concentration and very precise movements that can be categorized as mild-to-moderate physical demands. Design: Forty-three surgeons were enrolled in this study. To investigate musculoskeletal disorder among the surgeons we had used Standardised Nordic Questionnaire, Quick Exposure Check (QEC) and Workstyle Short Form. Result: In the current study, total 43 surgeons participants out of 30 males and 13 females. Their mean age was 42.07 ± 12.35, and the mean working years of the group were 15.14years ±9.017. On the average, they worked a total of about 8.58 h (±1.967) per day. The prevalence of work related musculoskeletal symptoms among the surgeons indicating 83.70% surgeons had atleast one joint affected while 16.30% had no symptoms at all. Conclusion: The present survey study has shown high prevalence rates of neck, back and shoulder musculoskeletal symptoms in surgeons. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=repetitive%20stress%20injury" title="repetitive stress injury">repetitive stress injury</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pain" title=" pain"> pain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=occupational%20hazards" title=" occupational hazards"> occupational hazards</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=disability" title=" disability"> disability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=abneetism" title=" abneetism"> abneetism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physical%20health" title=" physical health"> physical health</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality%20of%20life" title=" quality of life"> quality of life</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52687/prevalence-of-work-related-musculoskeletal-symptoms-among-surgeons" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52687.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">225</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">86</span> Optimization of Friction Stir Spot Welding Process Parameters for Joining 6061 Aluminum Alloy Using Taguchi Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammed%20A.%20Tashkandi">Mohammed A. Tashkandi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jawdat%20A.%20Al-Jarrah"> Jawdat A. Al-Jarrah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Masoud%20Ibrahim"> Masoud Ibrahim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper investigates the shear strength of the joints produced by friction stir spot welding process (FSSW). FSSW parameters such as tool rotational speed, plunge depth, shoulder diameter of the welding tool and dwell time play the major role in determining the shear strength of the joints. The effect of these four parameters on FSSW process as well as the shear strength of the welded joints was studied via five levels of each parameter. Taguchi method was used to minimize the number of experiments required to determine the fracture load of the friction stir spot-welded joints by incorporating independently controllable FSSW parameters. Taguchi analysis was applied to optimize the FSSW parameters to attain the maximum shear strength of the spot weld for this type of aluminum alloy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Friction%20Stir%20Spot%20Welding" title="Friction Stir Spot Welding">Friction Stir Spot Welding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Al6061%20alloy" title=" Al6061 alloy"> Al6061 alloy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shear%20Strength" title=" Shear Strength"> Shear Strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FSSW%20process%20parameters" title=" FSSW process parameters "> FSSW process parameters </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21231/optimization-of-friction-stir-spot-welding-process-parameters-for-joining-6061-aluminum-alloy-using-taguchi-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21231.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">434</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">85</span> Appropriate Depth of Needle Insertion during Rhomboid Major Trigger Point Block</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seongho%20Jang">Seongho Jang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objective: To investigate an appropriate depth of needle insertion during trigger point injection into the rhomboid major muscle. Methods: Sixty-two patients who visited our department with shoulder or upper back pain participated in this study. The distance between the skin and the rhomboid major muscle (SM) and the distance between the skin and rib (SB) were measured using ultrasonography. The subjects were divided into 3 groups according to BMI: BMI less than 23 kg/m2 (underweight or normal group); 23 kg/m2 or more to less than 25 kg/m2 (overweight group); and 25 kg/m2 or more (obese group). The mean ±standard deviation (SD) of SM and SB of each group were calculated. A range between mean+1 SD of SM and the mean-1 SD of SB was defined as a safe margin. Results: The underweight or normal group’s SM, SB, and the safe margin were 1.2±0.2, 2.1±0.4, and 1.4 to 1.7 cm, respectively. The overweight group’s SM and SB were 1.4±0.2 and 2.4±0.9 cm, respectively. The safe margin could not be calculated for this group. The obese group’s SM, SB, and the safe margin were 1.8±0.3, 2.7±0.5, and 2.1 to 2.2 cm, respectively. Conclusion: This study will help us to set the standard depth of safe needle insertion into the rhomboid major muscle in an effective manner without causing any complications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pneumothorax" title="pneumothorax">pneumothorax</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rhomboid%20major%20muscle" title=" rhomboid major muscle"> rhomboid major muscle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trigger%20point%20injection" title=" trigger point injection"> trigger point injection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultrasound" title=" ultrasound "> ultrasound </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37418/appropriate-depth-of-needle-insertion-during-rhomboid-major-trigger-point-block" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37418.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">291</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">84</span> Tele-Rehabilitation for Multiple Sclerosis: A Case Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sharon%20Harel">Sharon Harel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rachel%20Kizony"> Rachel Kizony</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yoram%20Feldman"> Yoram Feldman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gabi%20Zeilig"> Gabi Zeilig</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mordechai%20Shani"> Mordechai Shani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a neurological disease that may cause restriction in participation in daily activities of young adults. Main symptoms include fatigue, weakness and cognitive decline. The appearance of symptoms, their severity and deterioration rate, change between patients. The challenge of health services is to provide long-term rehabilitation services to people with MS. The objective of this presentation is to describe a course of tele-rehabilitation service of a woman with MS. Methods; R is a 48 years-old woman, diagnosed with MS when she was 22. She started to suffer from weakness of her non-dominant left upper extremity about ten years after the diagnosis. She was referred to the tele-rehabilitation service by her rehabilitation team, 16 years after diagnosis. Her goals were to improve ability to use her affected upper extremity in daily activities. On admission her score in the Mini-Mental State Exam was 30/30. Her Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA) score of the left upper extremity was 48/60, indicating mild weakness and she had a limitation of her shoulder abduction (90 degrees). In addition, she reported little use of her arm in daily activities as shown in her responses to the Motor Activity Log (MAL) that were equal to 1.25/5 in amount and 1.37 in quality of use. R. received two 30 minutes on-line sessions per week in the tele-rehabilitation service, with the CogniMotion system. These were complemented by self-practice with the system. The CogniMotion system provides a hybrid (synchronous-asynchronous), the home-based tele-rehabilitation program to improve the motor, cognitive and functional status of people with neurological deficits. The system consists of a computer, large monitor, and the Microsoft’s Kinect 3D sensor. This equipment is located in the client’s home and connected to a clinician’s computer setup in a remote clinic via WiFi. The client sits in front of the monitor and uses his body movements to interact with games and tasks presented on the monitor. The system provides feedback in the form of ‘knowledge of results’ (e.g., the success of a game) and ‘knowledge of performance’ (e.g., alerts for compensatory movements) to enhance motor learning. The games and tasks were adapted for R. motor abilities and level of difficulty was gradually increased according to her abilities. The results of her second assessment (after 35 on-line sessions) showed improvement in her FMA score to 52 and shoulder abduction to 140 degrees. Moreover, her responses to the MAL indicated an increased amount (2.4) and quality (2.2) of use of her left upper extremity in daily activities. She reported high level of enjoyment from the treatments (5/5), specifically the combination of cognitive challenges while moving her body. In addition, she found the system easy to use as reflected by her responses to the System Usability Scale (85/100). To-date, R. continues to receive treatments in the tele-rehabilitation service. To conclude, this case report shows the potential of using tele-rehabilitation for people with MS to provide strategies to enhance the use of the upper extremity in daily activities as well as for maintaining motor function. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=motor%20function" title="motor function">motor function</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multiple-sclerosis" title=" multiple-sclerosis"> multiple-sclerosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tele-rehabilitation" title=" tele-rehabilitation"> tele-rehabilitation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=daily%20activities" title=" daily activities"> daily activities</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/90537/tele-rehabilitation-for-multiple-sclerosis-a-case-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/90537.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">180</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">83</span> Developing a Comprehensive Model for the Prevention of Tension Neck Syndrome: A Focus on Musculoskeletal Disorder Prevention Strategies</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Behnaz%20Sohani">Behnaz Sohani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ifeoluwa%20Joshua%20Adigun"> Ifeoluwa Joshua Adigun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amir%20Rahmani"> Amir Rahmani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khaled%20Goher"> Khaled Goher</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper provides initial results on the efficacy of the designed ergonomic-oriented neck support to mitigate and alleviate tension neck syndrome musculoskeletal disorder. This is done using both simulations and measurements. Tension Neck Syndrome Musculoskeletal Disorder (TNS MSD) causes discomfort in the muscles around the neck and shoulder. TNS MSD is one of the leading causes of early retirement. This research focuses on the design of an adaptive neck supporter by integrating a soft actuator massager to help deliver a soothing massage. The massager and adaptive neck supporter prototype were validated by finite element analysis prior to fabrication to envisage the feasibility of the design concept. Then a prototype for the massager was fabricated and tested for concept validation. Future work will be focused on fabricating the full-scale prototype and upgrading and optimizing the design concept for the adaptive neck supporter. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adaptive%20neck%20supporter" title="adaptive neck supporter">adaptive neck supporter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tension%20neck%20syndrome" title=" tension neck syndrome"> tension neck syndrome</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=musculoskeletal%20disorder" title=" musculoskeletal disorder"> musculoskeletal disorder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soft%20actuator%20massager" title=" soft actuator massager"> soft actuator massager</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soft%20robotics" title=" soft robotics"> soft robotics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168817/developing-a-comprehensive-model-for-the-prevention-of-tension-neck-syndrome-a-focus-on-musculoskeletal-disorder-prevention-strategies" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168817.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">111</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">82</span> Model Free Terminal Sliding Mode with Gravity Compensation: Application to an Exoskeleton-Upper Limb System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sana%20Bembli">Sana Bembli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nahla%20Khraief%20Haddad"> Nahla Khraief Haddad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Safya%20Belghith"> Safya Belghith</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper deals with a robust model free terminal sliding mode with gravity compensation approach used to control an exoskeleton-upper limb system. The considered system is a 2-DoF robot in interaction with an upper limb used for rehabilitation. The aim of this paper is to control the flexion/extension movement of the shoulder and the elbow joints in presence of matched disturbances. In the first part, we present the exoskeleton-upper limb system modeling. Then, we controlled the considered system by the model free terminal sliding mode with gravity compensation. A stability study is realized. To prove the controller performance, a robustness analysis was needed. Simulation results are provided to confirm the robustness of the gravity compensation combined with to the Model free terminal sliding mode in presence of uncertainties. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=exoskeleton-%20upper%20limb%20system" title="exoskeleton- upper limb system">exoskeleton- upper limb system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=model%20free%20terminal%20sliding%20mode" title=" model free terminal sliding mode"> model free terminal sliding mode</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gravity%20compensation" title=" gravity compensation"> gravity compensation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=robustness%20analysis" title=" robustness analysis"> robustness analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129467/model-free-terminal-sliding-mode-with-gravity-compensation-application-to-an-exoskeleton-upper-limb-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129467.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">144</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">81</span> Mutiple Medical Landmark Detection on X-Ray Scan Using Reinforcement Learning</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vijaya%20Yuvaram%20Singh%20V%20M">Vijaya Yuvaram Singh V M</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kameshwar%20Rao%20J%20V"> Kameshwar Rao J V</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The challenge with development of neural network based methods for medical is the availability of data. Anatomical landmark detection in the medical domain is a process to find points on the x-ray scan report of the patient. Most of the time this task is done manually by trained professionals as it requires precision and domain knowledge. Traditionally object detection based methods are used for landmark detection. Here, we utilize reinforcement learning and query based method to train a single agent capable of detecting multiple landmarks. A deep Q network agent is trained to detect single and multiple landmarks present on hip and shoulder from x-ray scan of a patient. Here a single agent is trained to find multiple landmark making it superior to having individual agents per landmark. For the initial study, five images of different patients are used as the environment and tested the agents performance on two unseen images. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reinforcement%20learning" title="reinforcement learning">reinforcement learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=medical%20landmark%20detection" title=" medical landmark detection"> medical landmark detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi%20target%20detection" title=" multi target detection"> multi target detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deep%20neural%20network" title=" deep neural network"> deep neural network</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/127710/mutiple-medical-landmark-detection-on-x-ray-scan-using-reinforcement-learning" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/127710.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">142</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">80</span> Swift Rising Pattern of Emerging Construction Technology Trends in the Construction Management</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gayatri%20Mahajan">Gayatri Mahajan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Modern Construction Technology (CT) includes a broad range of advanced techniques and practices that bound the recent developments in material technology, design methods, quantity surveying, facility management, services, structural analysis and design, and other management education. Adoption of recent digital transformation technology is the need of today to speed up the business and is also the basis of construction improvement. Incorporating and practicing the technologies such as cloud-based communication and collaboration solution, Mobile Apps and 5G,3D printing, BIM and Digital Twins, CAD / CAM, AR/ VR, Big Data, IoT, Wearables, Blockchain, Modular Construction, Offsite Manifesting, Prefabrication, Robotic, Drones and GPS controlled equipment expedite the progress in the Construction industry (CI). Resources used are journaled research articles, web/net surfing, books, thesis, reports/surveys, magazines, etc. The outline of the research organization for this study is framed at four distinct levels in context to conceptualization, resources, innovative and emerging trends in CI, and better methods for completion of the construction projects. The present study conducted during 2020-2022 reveals that implementing these technologies improves the level of standards, planning, security, well-being, sustainability, and economics too. Application uses, benefits, impact, advantages/disadvantages, limitations and challenges, and policies are dealt with to provide information to architects and builders for smooth completion of the project. Results explain that construction technology trends vary from 4 to 15 for CI, and eventually, it reaches 27 for Civil Engineering (CE). The perspective of the most recent innovations, trends, tools, challenges, and solutions is highly embraced in the field of construction. The incorporation of the above said technologies in the pandemic Covid -19 and post-pandemic might lead to a focus on finding out effective ways to adopt new-age technologies for CI. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BIM" title="BIM">BIM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drones" title=" drones"> drones</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GPS" title=" GPS"> GPS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mobile%20apps" title=" mobile apps"> mobile apps</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=5G" title=" 5G"> 5G</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modular%20construction" title=" modular construction"> modular construction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=robotics" title=" robotics"> robotics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=3D%20printing" title=" 3D printing"> 3D printing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153384/swift-rising-pattern-of-emerging-construction-technology-trends-in-the-construction-management" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153384.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">105</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">79</span> Characteristics and Guiding Strategies of College Students&#039; Online Discourse: Based on the Analysis of One Student Forum</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hanwei%20Cheng">Hanwei Cheng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chengbei%20Xu"> Chengbei Xu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yijie%20Wang"> Yijie Wang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> More and more college students are accustomed to surfing the Internet everyday. As community members, college students have ability to express opinions and participate in social affairs, they not only accept information passively, but also voice their concerns on the Internet. We interpret the online discourses featured with anonymization, so it helps us more effectively and conveniently understand the behaviors and thoughts of college students, and educators can thus grasp the scales and directions in guiding online language. We analyzed online comments in both content and form aspects in one student forum (named Dandan, the BNU’s campus forum), and through methods of literature review and interview, we found that in term of content, college students pay attention to practical information online, emphasize on personal development and pursue hot issues; in term of form, college students' online language displays cross-border quality sometimes under the general feature of normative, and they often explore a certain topic in the form of question or discussion, and they like to show feelings in ironic and stream-of-consciousness ways. It is argued that college students intend to establish a community to facilitate personal development and meet emotional needs through the student forum, and by making comments at the forum they are also able to get involved in public affairs. We should pay attention to problems of college students' online discourse, such as boundary issues (like informal advertisement and information authenticity), emotional issues and the spread of gossip. Some possible solutions to solving online discourse problems can be applied, like we can improve access systems of student forum, clarify principles of Internet langue use, change oversimplified management approaches and use some other tactics, in order to form a mechanism of student self-regulation, also deepen the trust and cooperation between school administrators and students. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=online%20language" title="online language">online language</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=youth%20discourse" title=" youth discourse"> youth discourse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=content%20and%20form" title=" content and form"> content and form</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=implication%20and%20strategy" title=" implication and strategy"> implication and strategy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/90567/characteristics-and-guiding-strategies-of-college-students-online-discourse-based-on-the-analysis-of-one-student-forum" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/90567.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">142</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shoulder%20surfing&amp;page=3" rel="prev">&lsaquo;</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shoulder%20surfing&amp;page=1">1</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shoulder%20surfing&amp;page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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