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id="toc-Service_in_the_American_War_of_Independence" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Service_in_the_American_War_of_Independence"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Service in the American War of Independence</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Service_in_the_American_War_of_Independence-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Service_on_Trente-et-un_Mai" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Service_on_Trente-et-un_Mai"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Service on <i>Trente-et-un Mai</i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Service_on_Trente-et-un_Mai-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Service_in_Egypt" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Service_in_Egypt"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Service in Egypt</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Service_in_Egypt-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ganteaume's_expeditions_of_1801" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ganteaume's_expeditions_of_1801"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Ganteaume's expeditions of 1801</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ganteaume's_expeditions_of_1801-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Service_in_Saint-Domingue_and_the_Trafalgar_Campaign" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Service_in_Saint-Domingue_and_the_Trafalgar_Campaign"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>Service in Saint-Domingue and the Trafalgar Campaign</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Service_in_Saint-Domingue_and_the_Trafalgar_Campaign-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Later_career" 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.mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%; background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><div style="display:inline-block" class="fn">Honoré Joseph Antoine Ganteaume</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="border-bottom: 1px solid #aaa;; line-height: 1.5em"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Ganteaume.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Ganteaume.jpg/220px-Ganteaume.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="278" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Ganteaume.jpg/330px-Ganteaume.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Ganteaume.jpg/440px-Ganteaume.jpg 2x" data-file-width="530" data-file-height="669" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1755-04-13</span>)</span>13 April 1755<br /><a href="/wiki/La_Ciotat" title="La Ciotat">La Ciotat</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">28 July 1818<span style="display:none">(1818-07-28)</span> (aged 63)<br /><a href="/wiki/Aubagne" title="Aubagne">Aubagne</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Allegiance</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Royal_Standard_of_the_King_of_France.svg/23px-Royal_Standard_of_the_King_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Royal_Standard_of_the_King_of_France.svg/35px-Royal_Standard_of_the_King_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Royal_Standard_of_the_King_of_France.svg/45px-Royal_Standard_of_the_King_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_France" title="Kingdom of France">Kingdom of France</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_France_official.svg/23px-Flag_of_France_official.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_France_official.svg/35px-Flag_of_France_official.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_France_official.svg/45px-Flag_of_France_official.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/French_First_Republic" title="French First Republic">French First Republic</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/First_French_Empire" title="First French Empire">First French Empire</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Service <wbr />/ branch</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/French_Navy" title="French Navy">French Navy</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Vice-Admiral" class="mw-redirect" title="Vice-Admiral">Vice-Admiral</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Battles / wars</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1116488514">.mw-parser-output .treeview ul{padding:0;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .treeview li{padding:0;margin:0;list-style-type:none;list-style-image:none}.mw-parser-output .treeview li li{background:url("https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f2/Treeview-grey-line.png")no-repeat 0 -2981px;padding-left:21px;text-indent:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .treeview li li:last-child{background-position:0 -5971px}.mw-parser-output .treeview li.emptyline>ul>.mw-empty-elt:first-child+.emptyline,.mw-parser-output .treeview li.emptyline>ul>li:first-child{background-position:0 9px}</style><div class="treeview"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Revolutionary_War" title="American Revolutionary War">American Revolutionary War</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_Grenada" class="mw-redirect" title="Capture of Grenada">Capture of Grenada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Savannah" title="Siege of Savannah">Siege of Savannah</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Revolutionary_Wars" title="French Revolutionary Wars">French Revolutionary Wars</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Glorious_First_of_June" title="Glorious First of June">Glorious First of June</a> (<a href="/wiki/Wounded_in_action" title="Wounded in action"><abbr title="Wounded in action">WIA</abbr></a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croisi%C3%A8re_du_Grand_Hiver" title="Croisière du Grand Hiver">Croisière du Grand Hiver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Hy%C3%A8res_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Hyères Islands">Battle of Hyères Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Nile" title="Battle of the Nile">Battle of the Nile</a> (<a href="/wiki/Wounded_in_action" title="Wounded in action"><abbr title="Wounded in action">WIA</abbr></a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganteaume%27s_expeditions_of_1801" title="Ganteaume's expeditions of 1801">Ganteaume's expeditions of 1801</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Napoleonic_Wars" title="Napoleonic Wars">Napoleonic Wars</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><a href="/wiki/Vice-Admiral" class="mw-redirect" title="Vice-Admiral">Vice-Admiral</a> <b>Honoré Joseph Antoine Ganteaume</b> (13 April 1755 – 28 July 1818) was a <a href="/wiki/French_Navy" title="French Navy">French Navy</a> officer and nobleman. He started his career at sea on <a href="/wiki/East_Indiamen" class="mw-redirect" title="East Indiamen">East Indiamen</a>, before serving during the <a href="/wiki/American_Revolutionary_War" title="American Revolutionary War">American Revolutionary War</a> under <a href="/wiki/Charles_Hector,_comte_d%27Estaing" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles Hector, comte d'Estaing">Charles Hector, comte d'Estaing</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Andr%C3%A9_de_Suffren" title="Pierre André de Suffren">Pierre André de Suffren</a>. During the <a href="/wiki/French_Revolutionary_Wars" title="French Revolutionary Wars">French Revolutionary Wars</a>, he was promoted to command the 74-gun <a href="/wiki/French_ship_Trente-et-un_Mai" class="mw-redirect" title="French ship Trente-et-un Mai"><i>Trente-et-un Mai</i></a>, taking part in the <a href="/wiki/Glorious_First_of_June" title="Glorious First of June">Glorious First of June</a> and the <i><a href="/wiki/Croisi%C3%A8re_du_Grand_Hiver" title="Croisière du Grand Hiver">Croisière du Grand Hiver</a></i>. </p><p>Ganteaume took part in the <a href="/wiki/French_invasion_of_Egypt_and_Syria" title="French invasion of Egypt and Syria">French invasion of Egypt and Syria</a>, narrowly escaping death during the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Nile" title="Battle of the Nile">Battle of the Nile</a>. There, he formed a personal relationship with <a href="/wiki/Napoleon" title="Napoleon">Napoleon</a>, who supported his promotion. He was made a Rear-Admiral and given command of a squadron to supply the Army of Egypt, but in <a href="/wiki/Ganteaume%27s_expeditions_of_1801" title="Ganteaume's expeditions of 1801">Ganteaume's expeditions of 1801</a>, he engaged in months of complicated manoeuvres to elude the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Navy" title="Royal Navy">Royal Navy</a> and eventually failed his mission. </p><p>He supplied the French forces of the <a href="/wiki/Saint-Domingue_expedition" title="Saint-Domingue expedition">Saint-Domingue expedition</a>. During the <a href="/wiki/Trafalgar_campaign" title="Trafalgar campaign">Trafalgar campaign</a>, Ganteaume was to lead his squadron to the Caribbean to reinforce the ships of <a href="/wiki/Pierre-Charles_Villeneuve" title="Pierre-Charles Villeneuve">Pierre-Charles Villeneuve</a> and <a href="/wiki/%C3%89douard_Thomas_Burgues_de_Missiessy" title="Édouard Thomas Burgues de Missiessy">Édouard Thomas Burgues de Missiessy</a>, but he was blockaded by the British navy. Ganteaume held various offices during the late <a href="/wiki/First_French_Empire" title="First French Empire">First French Empire</a>, and gave his loyalty to <a href="/wiki/Louis_XVIII" title="Louis XVIII">Louis XVIII</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Bourbon_Restoration_in_France" title="Bourbon Restoration in France">Bourbon Restoration in France</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Career">Career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Honor%C3%A9_Joseph_Antoine_Ganteaume&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ganteaume was born in <a href="/wiki/La_Ciotat" title="La Ciotat">La Ciotat</a>, into a family of merchant sailors. He started sailing at the age of 14<sup id="cite_ref-michaud98_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-michaud98-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> on a merchantman commanded by his father,<sup id="cite_ref-levot206_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-levot206-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and by the time he reached the age of 22, Ganteaume had accomplished five campaigns in the Middle East and two in the Caribbean.<sup id="cite_ref-levot206_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-levot206-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-michaud98_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-michaud98-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He served on the <a href="/wiki/Mississippi_Company" title="Mississippi Company">Mississippi Company</a> Indiaman <a href="/wiki/French_ship_Fier_Rodrigue" class="mw-redirect" title="French ship Fier Rodrigue"><i>Fier Rodrigue</i></a>.<sup id="cite_ref-michaud98_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-michaud98-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Service_in_the_American_War_of_Independence">Service in the American War of Independence</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Honor%C3%A9_Joseph_Antoine_Ganteaume&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Service in the American War of Independence"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1778, with the intervention of <a href="/wiki/France_in_the_American_Revolutionary_War" title="France in the American Revolutionary War">France in the American Revolutionary War</a>, Ganteaume enlisted in the French Royal Navy as an auxiliary officer,<sup id="cite_ref-levot206_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-levot206-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while <i>Fier Rodrigue</i> was purchased into naval service as a 54-gun <a href="/wiki/Ship_of_the_line" title="Ship of the line">ship of the line</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-michaud98_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-michaud98-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Fier Rodrigue</i> escorted a convoy to America, and attached to a division under <a href="/wiki/Toussaint-Guillaume_Picquet_de_la_Motte" title="Toussaint-Guillaume Picquet de la Motte">Lamotte-Picquet</a><sup id="cite_ref-granier437_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-granier437-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in the fleet of Admiral <a href="/wiki/Charles_Hector,_comte_d%27Estaing" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles Hector, comte d'Estaing">d'Estaing</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-michaud98_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-michaud98-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the fleet of Admiral d'Estaing, Ganteaume took part in the <a href="/wiki/Capture_of_Grenada" class="mw-redirect" title="Capture of Grenada">Capture of Grenada</a> and in the <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Savannah" title="Siege of Savannah">Siege of Savannah</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-levot206_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-levot206-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1781, he was promoted to auxiliary Frigate Lieutenant,<sup id="cite_ref-michaud98_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-michaud98-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and appointed to command the fluyt <i>Marlborough</i> in a convoy bound for the <a href="/wiki/Indies" class="mw-redirect" title="Indies">Indies</a> and escorted by <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Andr%C3%A9_de_Suffren_de_Saint_Tropez" class="mw-redirect" title="Pierre André de Suffren de Saint Tropez">Suffren</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-michaud98_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-michaud98-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>From 1781 to 1785, Ganteaume served on the frigate <a href="/wiki/French_frigate_Surveillante_(1778)" title="French frigate Surveillante (1778)"><i>Surveillante</i></a><sup id="cite_ref-michaud98_1-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-michaud98-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was promoted to Fireship Captain<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in 1784, and sub-Lieutenant<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in 1786.<sup id="cite_ref-michaud98_1-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-michaud98-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Upon his return at the peace, Ganteaume was granted permission to return to the service of the Mississippi Company.<sup id="cite_ref-michaud98_1-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-michaud98-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He successively commanded the Indiamen <i>Maréchal de Ségur</i>, bound for Chian, and <i>Prince de Condé</i> and <i>Constitution</i>, bound for the Indies.<sup id="cite_ref-michaud98_1-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-michaud98-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1793, he was captured on an Indiaman<sup id="cite_ref-granier437_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-granier437-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and imprisoned by the British;<sup id="cite_ref-levot206_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-levot206-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> released, he returned to the Navy, with the rank of Lieutenant.<sup id="cite_ref-levot206_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-levot206-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-michaud98_1-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-michaud98-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He served on the 74-gun <a href="/wiki/French_ship_Jupiter_(1789)" title="French ship Jupiter (1789)"><i>Jupiter</i></a> for a campaign in the Atlantic Ocean.<sup id="cite_ref-michaud98_1-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-michaud98-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Service_on_Trente-et-un_Mai">Service on <i>Trente-et-un Mai</i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Honor%C3%A9_Joseph_Antoine_Ganteaume&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Service on Trente-et-un Mai"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mb-vista-entera-min.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Mb-vista-entera-min.jpg/220px-Mb-vista-entera-min.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Mb-vista-entera-min.jpg/330px-Mb-vista-entera-min.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Mb-vista-entera-min.jpg/440px-Mb-vista-entera-min.jpg 2x" data-file-width="902" data-file-height="492" /></a><figcaption>The 74-gun <a href="/wiki/French_ship_Trente-et-un_Mai" class="mw-redirect" title="French ship Trente-et-un Mai"><i>Trente-et-un Mai</i></a>, which Ganteaume commanded between 1794 and 1795</figcaption></figure> <p>Ganteaume was promoted to Captain in 1794,<sup id="cite_ref-levot206_2-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-levot206-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and was appointed to command the 74-gun <a href="/wiki/French_ship_Trente-et-un_Mai" class="mw-redirect" title="French ship Trente-et-un Mai"><i>Trente-et-un Mai</i></a>.<sup id="cite_ref-levot206_2-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-levot206-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the <a href="/wiki/Atlantic_campaign_of_May_1794" title="Atlantic campaign of May 1794">Atlantic campaign of May 1794</a>, he attempted to attach to the French fleet under <a href="/wiki/Louis_Thomas_Villaret_de_Joyeuse" title="Louis Thomas Villaret de Joyeuse">Villaret-Joyeuse</a>, but only joined late in the <a href="/wiki/Glorious_First_of_June" title="Glorious First of June">Glorious First of June</a>; he took part in the last throes of the battle, where he was thrice wounded.<sup id="cite_ref-levot206_2-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-levot206-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the winter, Geanteaume led <i>Trente-et-un Mai</i> in the <a href="/wiki/Croisi%C3%A8re_du_Grand_Hiver" title="Croisière du Grand Hiver">Croisière du Grand Hiver</a>, and notably rescued the crew of the stricken <a href="/wiki/French_ship_Saint-Esprit_(1766)" class="mw-redirect" title="French ship Saint-Esprit (1766)"><i>Scipion</i></a>.<sup id="cite_ref-levot207_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-levot207-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1795, <i>Trente-et-un Mai</i> sailed to the Mediterranean, and cruised off <a href="/wiki/Catalonia" title="Catalonia">Catalonia</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-michaud98_1-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-michaud98-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> she sustained a two-hour battle against a Spanish ship of the line.<sup id="cite_ref-michaud98_1-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-michaud98-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 18 April 1795,<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Trente-et-un Mai</i> was renamed <i>Républicain</i>. She attached to the fleet under Vice-Admiral <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Martin_(French_Navy_officer)" title="Pierre Martin (French Navy officer)">Martin</a>, and took part in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Hy%C3%A8res_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Hyères Islands">Battle of Hyères Islands</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-levot207_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-levot207-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In late 1795, Ganteaume was appointed to command a division in an <a href="/wiki/Ganteaume%27s_expedition_of_1795" title="Ganteaume's expedition of 1795">expedition to Smyrna</a>, comprising one ship of the line, four frigates and four corvettes. He sailed to <a href="/wiki/Smyrna" title="Smyrna">Smyrna</a>, where he lifted the blockade on <a href="/wiki/Pierre-Charles_Villeneuve" title="Pierre-Charles Villeneuve">Villeneuve</a>'s squadron,<sup id="cite_ref-michaud98_1-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-michaud98-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and captured the frigate <a href="/wiki/HMS_Nemesis_(1780)" title="HMS Nemesis (1780)">HMS <i>Nemesis</i></a>.<sup id="cite_ref-granier437_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-granier437-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1796, returned to the Ocean,<sup id="cite_ref-michaud98_1-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-michaud98-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ganteaume successful ran the British blockade of Brest and sailed a convoy carrying munitions into the harbour.<sup id="cite_ref-levot207_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-levot207-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Service_in_Egypt">Service in Egypt</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Honor%C3%A9_Joseph_Antoine_Ganteaume&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Service in Egypt"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Appointed <a href="/wiki/Chief_of_staff" title="Chief of staff">Chief of staff</a> to Rear-Admiral and <a href="/wiki/List_of_Naval_Ministers_of_France" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Naval Ministers of France">Navy Minister</a> <a href="/wiki/%C3%89tienne_Eustache_Bruix" title="Étienne Eustache Bruix">Bruix</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-levot207_7-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-levot207-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ganteaume took part in the <a href="/wiki/French_campaign_in_Egypt_and_Syria" class="mw-redirect" title="French campaign in Egypt and Syria">French campaign in Egypt and Syria</a> on the flagship <a href="/wiki/French_ship_Orient_(1791)" title="French ship Orient (1791)"><i>Orient</i></a>.<sup id="cite_ref-michaud98_1-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-michaud98-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He took part in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Nile" title="Battle of the Nile">Battle of the Nile</a>, where he was wounded,<sup id="cite_ref-michaud98_1-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-michaud98-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and narrowly escaped death when he left the burning <i>Orient</i><sup id="cite_ref-levot207_7-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-levot207-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> on a boat.<sup id="cite_ref-granier437_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-granier437-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Orient</i> exploded soon after. </p><p>Promoted to Rear-Admiral upon request of General <a href="/wiki/Napol%C3%A9on_I_of_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Napoléon I of France">Bonaparte</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-levot207_7-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-levot207-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ganteaume led the flotilla of small ships of the Nile River, taking part in the <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Jaffa" title="Siege of Jaffa">Siege of Jaffa</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Acre_(1799)" title="Siege of Acre (1799)">Siege of Acre</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Abukir_(1799)" title="Battle of Abukir (1799)">Battle of Abukir</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-michaud98_1-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-michaud98-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 22 August 1799, Ganteaume departed Alexandria with the frigates <a href="/wiki/French_frigate_Muiron" title="French frigate Muiron"><i>Muiron</i></a> and <a href="/wiki/HMS_Carrere_(1801)" title="HMS Carrere (1801)"><i>Carrère</i></a>, the <a href="/wiki/Aviso" title="Aviso">aviso</a> <i>Revanche</i> and a <a href="/wiki/Tartane" title="Tartane">tartane</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-michaud98_1-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-michaud98-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ferrying General Bonaparte back to France.<sup id="cite_ref-levot207_7-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-levot207-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bonaparte ordered the ships to sail close to the shore of Africa to elude British squadrons, and landed in Corsica, to finally arrive at <a href="/wiki/Fr%C3%A9jus" title="Fréjus">Fréjus</a> on 2 October.<sup id="cite_ref-michaud98_1-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-michaud98-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After arriving in France, Bonaparte, as <a href="/wiki/First_Consul" class="mw-redirect" title="First Consul">First Consul</a>, appointed Ganteaume to the Council of State, in which he presided the section of the Navy.<sup id="cite_ref-michaud98_1-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-michaud98-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ganteaume's_expeditions_of_1801"><span id="Ganteaume.27s_expeditions_of_1801"></span>Ganteaume's expeditions of 1801</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Honor%C3%A9_Joseph_Antoine_Ganteaume&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Ganteaume's expeditions of 1801"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Ganteaume%27s_expeditions_of_1801" title="Ganteaume's expeditions of 1801">Ganteaume's expeditions of 1801</a></div> <p>In 1801,<sup id="cite_ref-michaud98_1-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-michaud98-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ganteaume was appointed to command a seven-ship division in Brest, tasked with ferrying supplies and 5000 soldiers to the French Army of Egypt.<sup id="cite_ref-levot207_7-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-levot207-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After successfully crossing British-held <a href="/wiki/Gibraltar" title="Gibraltar">Gibraltar</a>, Ganteaume cruised in the Mediterranean for six months to elude the British fleet.<sup id="cite_ref-levot207_7-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-levot207-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ganteaume returned to Toulon to resupply and repair his ships.<sup id="cite_ref-levot207_7-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-levot207-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the following months, he attempted three sorties, once arriving off Alexandria without landing:<sup id="cite_ref-levot207_7-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-levot207-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> when he finally arrived near Egypt, actually <a href="/wiki/Derna,_Libya" title="Derna, Libya">Derna, Libya</a>, in June 1801, the troops did not land, due to the hostility of the locals and the British naval threat.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ganteaume eventually renounced and defiantly returned to Toulon, after capturing <a href="/wiki/Elba" title="Elba">Elba</a> and four British ships,<sup id="cite_ref-michaud98_1-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-michaud98-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> including the 38-gun frigate <a href="/wiki/HMS_Success_(1781)" title="HMS Success (1781)">HMS <i>Success</i></a>, and in the <a href="/wiki/Action_of_24_June_1801" title="Action of 24 June 1801">action of 24 June 1801</a>, the 74-gun <a href="/wiki/HMS_Swiftsure_(1787)" title="HMS Swiftsure (1787)">HMS <i>Swiftsure</i></a>, but failing his mission to supply the French armies in the Middle East. </p><p>Ganteaume's tergiversations motivated the satirical poem:<sup id="cite_ref-michaud98_1-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-michaud98-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table width="800px"> <tbody><tr> <td><i><div class="poem"> <p><span class="mw-poem-indented" style="display: inline-block; margin-inline-start: 2em;">Vaisseaux lestés, tête sans lest,</span><br /> <span class="mw-poem-indented" style="display: inline-block; margin-inline-start: 2em;">Ainsi part l'amiral Ganteaume;</span><br /> <span class="mw-poem-indented" style="display: inline-block; margin-inline-start: 2em;">Il s'en va de Brest à Bertheaume,</span><br /> <span class="mw-poem-indented" style="display: inline-block; margin-inline-start: 2em;">Et revient de Bertheaume à Brest.</span> </p> </div></i> </td> <td><div class="poem"> <p><span class="mw-poem-indented" style="display: inline-block; margin-inline-start: 1em;">Loaded ships, head without weight,</span><br /> <span class="mw-poem-indented" style="display: inline-block; margin-inline-start: 1em;">Thus departs Admiral Ganteaume;</span><br /> <span class="mw-poem-indented" style="display: inline-block; margin-inline-start: 1em;">He sails off from Brest to Bertheaume,</span><br /> <span class="mw-poem-indented" style="display: inline-block; margin-inline-start: 1em;">And sails back from Bertheaume to Brest.</span> </p> </div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Service_in_Saint-Domingue_and_the_Trafalgar_Campaign">Service in Saint-Domingue and the Trafalgar Campaign</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Honor%C3%A9_Joseph_Antoine_Ganteaume&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Service in Saint-Domingue and the Trafalgar Campaign"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Lun%C3%A9ville" title="Treaty of Lunéville">Treaty of Lunéville</a> ended the <a href="/wiki/War_of_the_Second_Coalition" title="War of the Second Coalition">War of the Second Coalition</a> in early 1801, Ganteaume was tasked with supporting the French forces involved in the <a href="/wiki/Saint-Domingue_expedition" title="Saint-Domingue expedition">Saint-Domingue expedition</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-levot207_7-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-levot207-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1802, Ganteaume was appointed <a href="/wiki/Maritime_Prefect" class="mw-redirect" title="Maritime Prefect">Maritime Prefect</a> for Toulon.<sup id="cite_ref-michaud98_1-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-michaud98-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At the outbreak of the <a href="/wiki/War_of_the_Third_Coalition" title="War of the Third Coalition">War of the Third Coalition</a> the year after, and with the <a href="/wiki/Coronation_of_Napoleon_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Coronation of Napoleon I">Coronation of Napoleon I</a> and the advent of the <a href="/wiki/First_French_Empire" title="First French Empire">First French Empire</a> on 2 December 1804, Ganteaume was promoted to <a href="/wiki/Vice-Admiral" class="mw-redirect" title="Vice-Admiral">Vice-Admiral</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-levot207_7-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-levot207-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> made a <a href="/wiki/Count_of_the_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Count of the Empire">Count of the Empire</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-levot207_7-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-levot207-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and appointed to command the fleet in Brest.<sup id="cite_ref-levot207_7-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-levot207-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1805, after the death of Vice-Admiral <a href="/wiki/Louis-Ren%C3%A9_Levassor_de_Latouche_Tr%C3%A9ville" title="Louis-René Levassor de Latouche Tréville">Latouche-Tréville</a> and the outbreak of the <a href="/wiki/Trafalgar_Campaign" class="mw-redirect" title="Trafalgar Campaign">Trafalgar Campaign</a>, Napoléon briefly considered entrusting Ganteaume with an expedition to land an 18 000-man army in <a href="/wiki/Ireland" title="Ireland">Ireland</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-levot207_7-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-levot207-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in a move similar to what had been attempted in 1796 with the ill-fated <a href="/wiki/Exp%C3%A9dition_d%27Irlande" class="mw-redirect" title="Expédition d'Irlande">Expédition d'Irlande</a>; eventually, Ganteaume was ordered to the Caribbean to land reinforcements there and return to Europe with the fleets under Rear-Admiral <a href="/wiki/%C3%89douard_Thomas_Burgues_de_Missiessy" title="Édouard Thomas Burgues de Missiessy">Missiessy</a> and Vice-Admiral <a href="/wiki/Pierre-Charles_Villeneuve" title="Pierre-Charles Villeneuve">Villeneuve</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-levot207_7-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-levot207-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Adverse weather prevented Ganteaume from leaving Brest, and he finally departed one month after Missiessy.<sup id="cite_ref-levot207_7-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-levot207-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In transit, Ganteaume bumped into the British <a href="/wiki/Channel_Fleet" title="Channel Fleet">Channel Fleet</a> under Admiral <a href="/wiki/William_Cornwallis" title="William Cornwallis">Cornwallis</a> and retreated to Brest, where he ended up hermetically blocked.<sup id="cite_ref-levot207_7-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-levot207-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Informed of the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Cape_Finisterre_(1805)" title="Battle of Cape Finisterre (1805)">Battle of Cape Finisterre</a>, Ganteaume was ordered to break into the Ocean by force to make his junction with Villeneuve;<sup id="cite_ref-levot207_7-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-levot207-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> however, Villeneuve's port call to Cadiz thwarted this plan.<sup id="cite_ref-levot208_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-levot208-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Later_career">Later career</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Honor%C3%A9_Joseph_Antoine_Ganteaume&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Later career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1808, Ganteaume took command of the French squadrons of Toulon and Rochefort, joined together at Toulon, with the aim to ferry supplies to Corfu, then blockaded by the Royal Navy.<sup id="cite_ref-levot208_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-levot208-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He departed Toulon in early February, successfully escorted his convoy into Corfu harbour, and returned to Toulon in April.<sup id="cite_ref-michaud98_1-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-michaud98-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In February on the following year, he authorised the frigates <a href="/wiki/French_frigate_P%C3%A9n%C3%A9lope_(1806)" title="French frigate Pénélope (1806)"><i>Pénélope</i></a> and <i><a href="/wiki/French_frigate_Pauline_(1807)" title="French frigate Pauline (1807)">Pauline</a></i> to chase <a href="/wiki/French_frigate_Proserpine_(1809)" title="French frigate Proserpine (1809)">HMS <i>Proserpine</i></a>, yielding the <a href="/wiki/Action_of_27_February_1809" title="Action of 27 February 1809">action of 27 February 1809</a> in which <i>Proserpine</i> was captured and brought to Toulon.<sup id="cite_ref-michaud98_1-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-michaud98-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In June 1808, Ganteaume was appointed General Inspector of the Coasts of the Ocean.<sup id="cite_ref-levot208_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-levot208-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From 1809 to 1810, Ganteaume was appointed to command the fleet in Toulon, but attacks of <a href="/wiki/Gout" title="Gout">gout</a> kept him increasingly away from the sea.<sup id="cite_ref-levot208_11-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-levot208-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1810, he joined the Council of the Admiralty.<sup id="cite_ref-levot208_11-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-levot208-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 1 August 1811, Napoléon appointed Ganteaume to command the battalion of the <a href="/wiki/Marins_de_la_Garde" class="mw-redirect" title="Marins de la Garde">Marins de la Garde</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Guard_(Napoleon_I)" title="Imperial Guard (Napoleon I)">Imperial Guard</a> as a colonel.<sup id="cite_ref-marineimperiale_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-marineimperiale-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1813, he defended Toulon.<sup id="cite_ref-granier437_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-granier437-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1814, at the first <a href="/wiki/Bourbon_Restoration_in_France" title="Bourbon Restoration in France">Bourbon Restoration</a>, Ganteaume supported the <a href="/wiki/Acte_de_d%C3%A9ch%C3%A9ance_de_l%27Empereur" title="Acte de déchéance de l'Empereur">Acte de déchéance de l'Empereur</a>, and in consequence did not return to command during the <a href="/wiki/Hundred_Days" title="Hundred Days">Hundred Days</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-michaud98_1-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-michaud98-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> immediately after the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Waterloo" title="Battle of Waterloo">Battle of Waterloo</a>, he ordered the Royalist white flag hoisted in Toulon;<sup id="cite_ref-levot208_11-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-levot208-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> this act got him almost killed.<sup id="cite_ref-levot208_11-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-levot208-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Restored to power again, <a href="/wiki/Louis_XVIII_of_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Louis XVIII of France">Louis XVIII</a> made Ganteaume a <a href="/wiki/Peerage_of_France" title="Peerage of France">Peer of France</a> in recognition for his support.<sup id="cite_ref-levot208_11-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-levot208-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In December 1815,<sup id="cite_ref-michaud98_1-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-michaud98-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> he was promoted to Commander in the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Saint_Louis" title="Order of Saint Louis">Order of Saint Louis</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-levot208_11-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-levot208-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and appointed General Inspector of the Classes.<sup id="cite_ref-levot208_11-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-levot208-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In his capacity of Peer of France, Ganteaume took part in the trial of Marshal <a href="/wiki/Michel_Ney" title="Michel Ney">Ney</a>, and voted for his execution.<sup id="cite_ref-granier437_3-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-granier437-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-marineimperiale_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-marineimperiale-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ganteaume died at his property of Pauline, near Aubagne, on 28 September 1818. The Boulevard Amiral Ganteaume in Aubagne is named after him. In 1801, the explorer <a href="/wiki/Nicolas_Baudin" title="Nicolas Baudin">Nicholas Baudin</a> named <a href="/wiki/Gantheaume_Point" title="Gantheaume Point">Gantheaume Point</a>, near <a href="/wiki/Broome,_Western_Australia" title="Broome, Western Australia">Broome</a> in <a href="/wiki/Western_Australia" title="Western Australia">Western Australia</a>, after him. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes_and_references">Notes and references</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Honor%C3%A9_Joseph_Antoine_Ganteaume&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Notes and references"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Notes">Notes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Honor%C3%A9_Joseph_Antoine_Ganteaume&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Michaud (p.98) also mentions the "frigate <i>Apollon</i>", but no ship name <a href="/wiki/French_ship_Apollon" title="French ship Apollon"><i>Apollon</i></a> was in service in the French Navy between 1758 and 1788 (furthermore, <i>Apollon</i> is an unlikely name for a frigate and more suitable for a ship of the line).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Capitaine de brûlot</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Sous-lieutenant de vaisseau</i></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="References">References</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Honor%C3%A9_Joseph_Antoine_Ganteaume&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-michaud98-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-michaud98_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-michaud98_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-michaud98_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-michaud98_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-michaud98_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-michaud98_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-michaud98_1-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-michaud98_1-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-michaud98_1-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-michaud98_1-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-michaud98_1-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-michaud98_1-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-michaud98_1-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-michaud98_1-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-michaud98_1-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-michaud98_1-15"><sup><i><b>p</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-michaud98_1-16"><sup><i><b>q</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-michaud98_1-17"><sup><i><b>r</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-michaud98_1-18"><sup><i><b>s</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-michaud98_1-19"><sup><i><b>t</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-michaud98_1-20"><sup><i><b>u</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-michaud98_1-21"><sup><i><b>v</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-michaud98_1-22"><sup><i><b>w</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-michaud98_1-23"><sup><i><b>x</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-michaud98_1-24"><sup><i><b>y</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-michaud98_1-25"><sup><i><b>z</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-michaud98_1-26"><sup><i><b>aa</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-michaud98_1-27"><sup><i><b>ab</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-michaud98_1-28"><sup><i><b>ac</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-michaud98_1-29"><sup><i><b>ad</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-michaud98_1-30"><sup><i><b>ae</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Michaud, p.98</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-levot206-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-levot206_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-levot206_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-levot206_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-levot206_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-levot206_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-levot206_2-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-levot206_2-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-levot206_2-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-levot206_2-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Levot, p.206</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-granier437-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-granier437_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-granier437_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-granier437_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-granier437_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-granier437_3-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-granier437_3-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Granier, p.437</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-levot207-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-levot207_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-levot207_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-levot207_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-levot207_7-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-levot207_7-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-levot207_7-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-levot207_7-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-levot207_7-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-levot207_7-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-levot207_7-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-levot207_7-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-levot207_7-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-levot207_7-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-levot207_7-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-levot207_7-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-levot207_7-15"><sup><i><b>p</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-levot207_7-16"><sup><i><b>q</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-levot207_7-17"><sup><i><b>r</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-levot207_7-18"><sup><i><b>s</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-levot207_7-19"><sup><i><b>t</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Levot, p.207</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Roche, p.313-314</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Mackesy, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=gQAOAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA162">p.162</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Strathern, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=yTYrggiKvgcC&pg=PA418">p. 418</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-levot208-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-levot208_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-levot208_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-levot208_11-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-levot208_11-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-levot208_11-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-levot208_11-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-levot208_11-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-levot208_11-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-levot208_11-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-levot208_11-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Levot, p.208</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-marineimperiale-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-marineimperiale_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-marineimperiale_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://marine-imperiale.pagesperso-orange.fr/amiraux/ganteaume.htm">Comte Honoré Joseph Antoine GANTEAUME</a></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Honor%C3%A9_Joseph_Antoine_Ganteaume&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFGranier1998" class="citation book cs1">Granier, Hubert (1998). <i>Histoire des Marins français 1789–1815</i>. illustrations by Alain Coz. Marines éditions. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/2-909675-41-6" title="Special:BookSources/2-909675-41-6"><bdi>2-909675-41-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Histoire+des+Marins+fran%C3%A7ais+1789%E2%80%931815&rft.pub=Marines+%C3%A9ditions&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=2-909675-41-6&rft.aulast=Granier&rft.aufirst=Hubert&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHonor%C3%A9+Joseph+Antoine+Ganteaume" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLevot1866" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Prosper_Levot" title="Prosper Levot">Levot, Prosper</a> (1866). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=08O_XGLO43QC"><i>Les gloires maritimes de la France: notices biographiques sur les plus célèbres marins</i></a> (in French). Bertrand.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Les+gloires+maritimes+de+la+France%3A+notices+biographiques+sur+les+plus+c%C3%A9l%C3%A8bres+marins&rft.pub=Bertrand&rft.date=1866&rft.aulast=Levot&rft.aufirst=Prosper&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D08O_XGLO43QC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHonor%C3%A9+Joseph+Antoine+Ganteaume" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMackesy1995" class="citation book cs1">Mackesy, Piers (1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=gQAOAAAAQAAJ"><i>British victory in Egypt, 1801: the end of Napoleon's conquest</i></a>. London: Routledge. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-415-04064-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-415-04064-7"><bdi>0-415-04064-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=British+victory+in+Egypt%2C+1801%3A+the+end+of+Napoleon%27s+conquest&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=0-415-04064-7&rft.aulast=Mackesy&rft.aufirst=Piers&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DgQAOAAAAQAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHonor%C3%A9+Joseph+Antoine+Ganteaume" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMichaudMichaud1838" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Fran%C3%A7ois_Michaud" class="mw-redirect" title="Joseph François Michaud">Michaud, Joseph François</a>; Michaud, Louis Gabriel (1838). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=h2AJAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA98">"Ganteaume"</a>. <i>Biographie universelle, ancienne et moderne</i> (in French). Vol. 65. Paris: Michaud. p. 98. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/7840944">7840944</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Ganteaume&rft.btitle=Biographie+universelle%2C+ancienne+et+moderne&rft.place=Paris&rft.pages=98&rft.pub=Michaud&rft.date=1838&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F7840944&rft.aulast=Michaud&rft.aufirst=Joseph+Fran%C3%A7ois&rft.au=Michaud%2C+Louis+Gabriel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dh2AJAQAAIAAJ%26pg%3DPA98&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHonor%C3%A9+Joseph+Antoine+Ganteaume" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRoche2005" class="citation book cs1">Roche, Jean-Michel (2005). <i>Dictionnaire des bâtiments de la flotte de guerre française de Colbert à nos jours</i>. Vol. 1. Group Retozel-Maury Millau. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-2-9525917-0-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-2-9525917-0-6"><bdi>978-2-9525917-0-6</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/165892922">165892922</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dictionnaire+des+b%C3%A2timents+de+la+flotte+de+guerre+fran%C3%A7aise+de+Colbert+%C3%A0+nos+jours&rft.pub=Group+Retozel-Maury+Millau&rft.date=2005&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F165892922&rft.isbn=978-2-9525917-0-6&rft.aulast=Roche&rft.aufirst=Jean-Michel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHonor%C3%A9+Joseph+Antoine+Ganteaume" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStrathern2008" class="citation book cs1">Strathern, Paul (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=yTYrggiKvgcC"><i>Napoleon in Egypt</i></a>. New York: Bantam Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-553-80678-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-553-80678-6"><bdi>978-0-553-80678-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Napoleon+in+Egypt&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Bantam+Books&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0-553-80678-6&rft.aulast=Strathern&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DyTYrggiKvgcC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHonor%C3%A9+Joseph+Antoine+Ganteaume" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="External_links">External links</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Honor%C3%A9_Joseph_Antoine_Ganteaume&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070322170051/http://perso.orange.fr/marine-imperiale/amiraux/ganteaume.htm">"Comte Honoré GANTEAUME"</a> (in French). 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