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housed</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: feed hen housed"> <meta name="keywords" content="feed hen housed"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="feed hen housed"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 1243</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: feed hen housed</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1243</span> Evaluation of Broiler Parent Breeds under Libyan Conditions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salem%20A.%20Abdalla%20Bozrayda">Salem A. Abdalla Bozrayda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abulgasem%20M.%20Hubara"> Abulgasem M. Hubara</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The use of commercial poultry breeds in Libya may result in large economic losses because genotypes selected in temperate climates may respond differently to other climate conditions and management. Therefore three commercial breeds (Hypeco, Avian, and Shaver) were evaluated in two regions. The data were obtained from weekly records of three parental flocks for each breed at Ghout El-sultan and Tawargha region. Feed Hen Housed (FHH), Hen Housed Egg Production (HHEP) Mortility % were the studied traits. Statistical model include location, year, month, age and breed. Hypeco produced more HHEP 68.6 with Less FHH 22.9 kg but with higher mortility 8.5 % than Avian and shaver breeds. The breeds exhibited different responses to the different months in Libya. In conclusion, the differences, which exhibited between the breeds in traits studied, indicate that genotype x environment must be considered when select breed to perform under Libyan conditions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hypeco%20avian%20shaver" title="hypeco avian shaver">hypeco avian shaver</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=feed%20hen%20housed" title=" feed hen housed"> feed hen housed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hen%20housed%20egg%20production" title=" hen housed egg production"> hen housed egg production</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mortility" title=" mortility"> mortility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Libya" title=" Libya"> Libya</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35640/evaluation-of-broiler-parent-breeds-under-libyan-conditions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35640.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">289</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1242</span> Progress, Challenges, and Prospects of Non-Conventional Feed Resources for Livestock Production in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Review</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Clyde%20Haruzivi">Clyde Haruzivi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Olusegun%20Oyebade%20Ikusika"> Olusegun Oyebade Ikusika</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thando%20Conference%20Mpendulo"> Thando Conference Mpendulo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Feed scarcity, increasing demand for animal products due to the growing human population, competition for conventional feed resources for humans and animal production, and ever-increasing prices of these feed resources are major constraints to the livestock industry in Sub-Saharan Africa. As a result, the industry is suffering immensely as the cost of production is high, hence the reduced returns. Most affected are the communal and resource-limited farmers who cannot afford the cost of conventional feed resources to supplement feeds, especially in arid and semi-arid areas where the available feed resources are not adequate for maintenance and production. This has tasked researchers and animal scientists to focus on the potential of non-conventional feed resources (NCFRs). Non-conventional feed resources could fill the gap through reduced competition, cost of feed, increased supply, increased profits, and independency as farmers will be utilizing locally available feed resources. Identifying available non-conventional feed resources is vital as it creates possibilities for novel feed industries and markets and implements methods of using these feedstuffs to improve livestock production and livelihoods in Sub-Saharan Africa. Hence, this research work analyses the progress, challenges, and prospects of some non-conventional feed resources in Sub-Saharan Africa. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-conventional" title="non-conventional">non-conventional</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=feed%20resources" title=" feed resources"> feed resources</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=livestock%20production" title=" livestock production"> livestock production</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=food%20security" title=" food security"> food security</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sub-Saharan" title=" Sub-Saharan"> Sub-Saharan</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156542/progress-challenges-and-prospects-of-non-conventional-feed-resources-for-livestock-production-in-sub-saharan-africa-a-review" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156542.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">114</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1241</span> Response of Grower Turkeys to Diets Containing Moringa oleifera Leaf Meal in a Tropical Environment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Augustine%20O.%20Ani">Augustine O. Ani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ifeyinwa%20E.%20Ezemagu"> Ifeyinwa E. Ezemagu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eunice%20A.%20Akuru"> Eunice A. Akuru</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A seven-week study was conducted to evaluate the response of grower turkeys to varying dietary levels of Moringa oleifera leaf meal (MOLM) in a humid tropical environment. A total of 90 twelve weeks old male and female grower turkeys were randomly divided into five groups of 18 birds each in a completely randomized design (CRD) and assigned to five caloric (2.57-2.60 Mcal/kg ME) and isonitrogenous (19.95% crude protein) diets containing five levels (0, 15, 20, 25 and 30%) of MOLM, respectively. Each treatment was replicated three times with 6 birds per replicate housed in a deep litter pen of fresh wood shavings measuring 1.50m x 1.50m. Feed and water were provided to the birds' ad libitum. Parameters measured were: final live weight (FLW) daily weight gain (DWG), daily feed intake (DFI), feed conversion ratio (FCR), protein efficiency ratio (PER), packed cell volume (PCV), haemoglobin concentration (Hb), red blood cell (RBC) count, white blood cell (WBC) count, mean cell volume (MCV), mean cell haemoglobin (MCH) and mean cell haemoglobin concentration (MCHC), feed cost / kg weight gain and apparent nutrient retention. Results showed that grower turkeys fed 20% MOLM diet had significantly (p < 0.05) higher FLW and DWG values (4410.30 g and 34.49 g, respectively) and higher DM and NFE retention values (67.28 and 58.12%, respectively) than turkeys fed other MOLM diets. Feed cost per kg gain decreased significantly (p < 0.05) with increasing levels of MOLM in the diets. The PCV, Hb, WBC, MCV, MCH and MCHC values of grower turkeys fed 20% MOLM diet were significantly (p < 0.05) higher than those of grower turkeys fed other diets. It was concluded that a diet containing 20% MOLM is adequate for the normal growth of grower turkeys in the tropics. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Diets" title="Diets">Diets</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=grower%20turkeys" title=" grower turkeys"> grower turkeys</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Moringa%20oleifera%20leaf%20meal" title=" Moringa oleifera leaf meal"> Moringa oleifera leaf meal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=response" title=" response"> response</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tropical%20environment" title=" tropical environment"> tropical environment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/104539/response-of-grower-turkeys-to-diets-containing-moringa-oleifera-leaf-meal-in-a-tropical-environment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/104539.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">144</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1240</span> Performance, Yolk and Serum Cholesterol of Shaver-Brown Layers Fed Moringa Leaf Meal and Sun Dried Garlic Powder</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anselm%20Onyimonyi">Anselm Onyimonyi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Abaponitus"> A. Abaponitus </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> One hundred and ninety two Shaver-Brown layers aged 40 weeks were used in a 10 weeks feeding trial to investigate the effect of supplementary moringa leaf meal and sun-dried garlic powder (MOGA) on the performance, egg yolk and serum cholesterol profiles of the birds. The birds were randomly assigned to four treatments in a 2 x 2 factorial in a Completely Randomized Design with 48 birds per treatment. Each treatment had 24 replicates with 2 birds, each separately housed in a cell in a battery cage. Birds on treatment 1 received a standard layers mash (16.5% CP and 3000 kcalME/kg) without any MOGA. Treatment 2 birds received the control diet with 5 g moringa leaf meal/kg of feed, treatment 3 received the control diet with 5 g sun-dried garlic powder/kg of feed, treatment 4 had a combination of 5 g each of moringa leaf meal and sun dried garlic powder/kg of feed. Data were kept on daily egg production, egg weight and feed intake. 10 eggs were collected per treatment at the end of the study for yolk cholesterol determination. Blood samples from four birds per treatment were collected and used for the serum cholesterol and triglycerides determination. Results showed that bird on treatment 3 (5% moringa leaf meal/kg of feed) had significantly higher (P < 0.05) Hen Day Egg Production record of 83.3% as against 78.75%, 65.05% and 66.67% recorded for the control, T2 and T4 birds, respectively. Egg weight of 56.39 g recorded for the same birds on treatment 3 was significantly (P< 0.05) lower than the values of 62.61 g, 60.99 g and 59.33 g recorded for birds on T4, T1 and T2, respectively. Yolk and serum cholesterol profiles of the moringa leaf meal fed birds were significantly (P<0.05) lowered when compared to those of the other treatments. Comparatively, the birds on the MOGA diets had significantly reduced yolk and serum cholesterol than the control. It is concluded that supplementation of moringa leaf meal and sun dried garlic powder at the levels used in this study will result in the production of nutritionally healthier eggs with less yolk and serum cholesterol. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=performance" title="performance">performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cholesterol" title=" cholesterol"> cholesterol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=moringa" title=" moringa"> moringa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=garlic" title=" garlic"> garlic</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5021/performance-yolk-and-serum-cholesterol-of-shaver-brown-layers-fed-moringa-leaf-meal-and-sun-dried-garlic-powder" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5021.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">520</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1239</span> Valorization of By-Products through Feed Formulation for Tilapia sp: Zootechnical Performance Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Redhouane%20Benfares">Redhouane Benfares</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kamel%20Boudjemaa"> Kamel Boudjemaa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Affaf%20Kord"> Affaf Kord</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sonia%20Messis"> Sonia Messis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Linda%20Farai"> Linda Farai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Belkacem%20Guenachi"> Belkacem Guenachi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kherarba%20Maha"> Kherarba Maha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jaroslava%20%C5%A0Varc-Gaji%C4%87"> Jaroslava ŠVarc-Gajić</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In recent years valorization of biowaste has attracted a lot of attention worldwide owing to its high nutritional value and low price. In this work, biowaste of animal (sardines) and plant (tomato) biowaste was used to formulate a new feed for red tilapia that showed to be competitive in its price, and zootechnical performance in comparison to commercially available tilapia feeds. Mathematical modelling was used to formulate optimal feed composition with favorable chemical composition and the lowest price. Formulated feed had high protein content (40.76%) and an energy value of 279.6 Kcal/100 g. Optimised feed was manufactured and compared to commercially available reference feed with respect to feeding intake, feed efficiency, the specific growth rate of fingerlings of Tilapia sp, and, most important, zootechnical parameters. With a fish survival rate of 100% calculated feed conversion index for the formulated feed was 2.7. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conversion%20index" title="conversion index">conversion index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fish%20waste" title=" fish waste"> fish waste</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=formulated%20feed" title=" formulated feed"> formulated feed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tomato%20waste" title=" tomato waste"> tomato waste</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157767/valorization-of-by-products-through-feed-formulation-for-tilapia-sp-zootechnical-performance-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157767.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">151</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1238</span> Impact of Sunflower Oil Supplemented Diet on Performance and Hematological Stress Indicators of Growing-Finishing Pigs Exposed to Hot Environment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Angela%20Cristina%20Da%20F.%20De%20Oliveira">Angela Cristina Da F. De Oliveira</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salma%20E.%20Asmar"> Salma E. Asmar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Norbert%20P.%20Battlori"> Norbert P. Battlori</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yaz%20Vera"> Yaz Vera</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Uriel%20R.%20%20Valencia"> Uriel R. Valencia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T%C3%A2mara%20Duarte%20Borges"> Tâmara Duarte Borges</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Antoni%20D.%20Bueno"> Antoni D. Bueno</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Leandro%20Batista%20Costa"> Leandro Batista Costa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> As homeothermic animals, pigs manifest maximum performance when kept at comfortable temperature levels, represented by a limit where thermoregulatory processes are minimal (18 - 20°C). In a stress situation where it will have a higher energy demand for thermal maintenance, the energy contribution to the productive functions will be reduced, generating health imbalances, drop in productive rates and welfare problems. The hypothesis of this project is that 5% starch replacement per 5% sunflower oil (SO), in growing and finishing pig’s diet (Iberic x Duroc), is effective as a nutritional strategy to reduce the negative impacts of thermal stress on performance and animal welfare. Seventy-two crossbred males (51± 6,29 kg body weight- BW) were housed according to the initial BW, in climate-controlled rooms, in collective pens, and exposed to heat stress conditions (30 - 32°C; 35% to 50% humidity). The experiment lasted 90 days, and it was carried out in a randomized block design, in a 2 x 2 factorial, composed of two diets (starch or sunflower oil (with or without) and two feed intake management (ad libitum and restriction). The treatments studied were: 1) control diet (5% starch x 0% SO) with ad libitum intake (n = 18); 2) SO diet (replacement of 5% of starch per 5% SO) with ad libitum intake (n = 18); 3) control diet with restriction feed intake (n = 18); or 4) SO diet with restriction feed intake (n = 18). Feed was provided in two phases, 50–100 Kg BW for growing and 100-140 Kg BW for finishing period, respectively. Hematological, biochemical and growth performance parameters were evaluated on all animals at the beginning of the environmental treatment, on the transition of feed (growing to finishing) and in the final of experiment. After the experimental period, when animals reached a live weight of 130-140 kg, they were slaughtered by carbon dioxide (CO2) stunning. Data have shown for the growing phase no statistical interaction between diet (control x SO) and management feed intake (ad libitum x restriction) on animal performance. At finishing phase, pigs fed with SO diet with restriction feed intake had the same average daily gain (ADG) compared with pigs in control diet with ad libitum feed intake. Furthermore, animals fed with the same diet (SO), presented a better feed gain (p < 0,05) due to feed intake reduce (p < 0,05) when compared with control group. To hematological and biochemical parameters, animals under heat stress had an increase in hematocrit, corpuscular volume, urea concentration, creatinine, calcium, alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase (p < 0,05) when compared with the beginning of experiment. These parameters were efficient to characterize the heat stress, although the experimental treatments were not able to reduce the hematological and biochemical stress indicators. In addition, the inclusion of SO on pig diets improve feed gain in pigs at finishing phase, even with restriction feed intake. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hematological" title="hematological">hematological</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=performance" title=" performance"> performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pigs" title=" pigs"> pigs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=welfare" title=" welfare"> welfare</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72980/impact-of-sunflower-oil-supplemented-diet-on-performance-and-hematological-stress-indicators-of-growing-finishing-pigs-exposed-to-hot-environment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72980.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">281</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1237</span> Assessment of Microbiological Feed Safety from Serbian Market from 2013 to 2017</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Danijela%20Vukovi%C4%87">Danijela Vuković</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Radovan%20%C4%8Cobanovi%C4%87"> Radovan Čobanović</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Milorad%20Pla%C4%8Dki%C4%87"> Milorad Plačkić</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The expansion of population imposes increase in usage of animal meat, on whose quality directly affects the quality of the feed that the animals are fed with. The selection of raw materials, hygiene during the technological process, various hydrothermal treatments, methods of mixing etc. have an influence on the quality of feed. Monitoring of the feed is very important to obtain information about the quality of feed and the possible prevention of animal diseases which can lead to different human diseases outbreaks. In this study parameters of feed safety were monitored. According to the mentioned, the goal of this study was to evaluate microbiological safety of feed (feedstuffs and complete mixtures). Total number of analyzed samples was 4399. Analyzed feed samples were collected in various retail shops and feed factories during the period of 44 months (from January 2013 untill September 2017). Samples were analyzed on Salmonella spp. and Clostridium perfringens in quantity of 50g according to Serbian regulation. All microorganisms were tested according to ISO methodology: Salmonella spp. ISO 6579:2002 and Clostridium perfringens ISO 7937:2004. Out of 4399 analyzed feed samples 97,5% were satisfactory and 2,5% unsatisfactory concerning Salmonella spp. As far as Clostridium perfringens is concerned 100% of analyzed samples were satisfactory. The obtained results suggest that technological processing of feed in Serbia is at high level when it comes to safety and hygiene of the products, but there are still possibilities for progress and improvement which only can be reached trough the permanent monitoring of feed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microbiology" title="microbiology">microbiology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=safety" title=" safety"> safety</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hygiene" title=" hygiene"> hygiene</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=feed" title=" feed"> feed</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71022/assessment-of-microbiological-feed-safety-from-serbian-market-from-2013-to-2017" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71022.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">304</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1236</span> Efficacy of Vitamins A, C and E on the Growth Performance of Broiler Chickens Subjected to Heat Stress</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Desierin%20Rodrin">Desierin Rodrin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Magdalena%20Alcantara"> Magdalena Alcantara</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cristina%20Olo"> Cristina Olo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The increase in environmental temperatures brought about by climate change impacts negatively the growth performance of broilers that may be solved by manipulating the diet of the animals. Hence, this study was conducted to evaluate the effects of different vitamin supplements on the growth performance of broiler chickens subjected to ambient (31°C) and heat stress (34°C) temperatures. The treatments were: I- Control (no vitamin supplement), II- Vitamin A (4.5 mg/kg of feed), III- Vitamin C (250 mg/kg of feed), IV- Vitamin E (250 mg/kg of feed), V- Vitamin C and E (250 mg/kg of feed and 250 mg/kg of feed), VI- Vitamin A and E (4.5 mg/kg of feed and 250 mg/kg of feed), VII- Vitamin A and C (4.5 mg/kg of feed and 250 mg/kg of feed), and VIII- Vitamin A, C and E (4.5 mg/kg of feed, 250 mg/kg of feed and 250 mg/kg of feed). The birds (n=240) were distributed randomly into eight treatments replicated three times, with each replicates having five birds. Ambient temperature was maintained using a 25 watts bulb for every 20 birds, while heat stress condition was sustained at 34°C for about 9 hours daily by using a 50 watts bulb per 5 birds. The interaction of vitamin supplements and temperatures did not significantly (P>0.05) affected body weight, average daily gain, feed consumption and feed conversion efficiency throughout the growing period. Similarly, supplementation of different vitamins did not improve (P>0.05) the overall production performance of birds throughout the rearing period. Birds raised in heat stress (34°C) condition had significantly lower ((P<0.05) body weight, average daily gain, and feed consumption compared to birds raised in ambient temperature at weeks 3, 4 and 5 of rearing. Supplementation of vitamins A, C, and E in the diet of broilers did not alleviate the effect of heat stress in the growth performance of broilers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=broiler%20growth%20performance" title="broiler growth performance">broiler growth performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20stress" title=" heat stress"> heat stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vitamin%20supplementation" title=" vitamin supplementation"> vitamin supplementation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vitamin%20A" title=" vitamin A"> vitamin A</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vitamin%20C" title=" vitamin C"> vitamin C</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vitamin%20E" title=" vitamin E"> vitamin E</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68238/efficacy-of-vitamins-a-c-and-e-on-the-growth-performance-of-broiler-chickens-subjected-to-heat-stress" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68238.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">292</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1235</span> Coping Heat Stress By Crushed Fennel (Foeniculum Vulgare) Seeds in Broilers: Growth, Redox Balance, and Humoral Immune Response</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adia%20Fatima">Adia Fatima</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Naila%20Chand"> Naila Chand</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rifat%20Ullah%20Khan"> Rifat Ullah Khan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The goal of this study was to determine how fennel seed supplementation affected broiler growth, carcass quality, antioxidant status, and antibody titer in heat-stressed broilers. A total of 720 one-day-old broiler chickens were weighed and assigned to 28-floor pens (25 broiler chickens per pen). The broiler chickens were housed in a thermoneutral (TN) environment and were exposed to heat stress (HS). For 23 hours, the broiler chickens were kept under fluorescent lighting. For 35d, HS broiler chickens were fed a control diet and three levels of fennel seeds powder at rates of 15g/kg (Fen-15), 20 g/kg (Fen-20), and 25 g/kg (Fen-25). Overall feed intake, weight gain, and dressing % were considerably greater (P < 0.05) in Fen-25 and TN, but FCR was significantly reduced (P<0.01) in the same groups. When TN, Fen-20, and Fen-25 were compared to the control, malondialdehyde (MDA), paraoxonase (PON1), and antibody titer against New Castle disease (ND) were considerably (P < 0.05) greater. Further, the linear and quadratic response was for feed intake, weight gain, FCR, MDA, PON1, and ND titer. It was concluded that Fen-20 and Fen-25 increased broiler growth, carcass quality, antioxidant status, and immunological response under HS conditions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20stress" title="heat stress">heat stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=growth" title=" growth"> growth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antioxidant" title=" antioxidant"> antioxidant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=immunity" title=" immunity"> immunity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157064/coping-heat-stress-by-crushed-fennel-foeniculum-vulgare-seeds-in-broilers-growth-redox-balance-and-humoral-immune-response" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157064.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">101</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1234</span> Growth Performance, Survival Rate and Feed Efficacy of Climbing Perch, Anabas testudineus, Feed Experimental Diet with Several Dosages of Papain Enzyme</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zainal%20A.%20Muchlisin">Zainal A. Muchlisin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Iqbal"> Muhammad Iqbal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdullah%20A.%20Muhammadar"> Abdullah A. Muhammadar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The objective of the present study was to determine the optimum dose of papain enzyme in the diet for growing, survival rate and feed efficacy of climbing perch (Anabas testudineus). The study was conducted at the Laboratory of Aquatic of Faculty of Veterinary, Syiah Kuala University from January to March 2016. The completely randomized design was used in this study. Six dosages level of papain enzyme were tested with 4 replications i.e. 0 g kg-1 of feed, 20.0 g kg-1 feed, 22.5 g kg-1 of feed, 25.0 g kg-1 of feed, 27.5 g kg-1 of feed, and 30.0 g kg-1 of feed. The experimental fish fed twice a day at feeding level of 5% for 60 days. The results showed that weight gain ranged from 2.41g to 7.37g, total length gain ranged from 0.67cm to 3.17cm, specific growth rate ranged from 1.46 % day to 3.41% day, daily growth rate ranged from 0.04 g day to 0.13 g day, feed conversion ratio ranged from 1.94 to 3.59, feed efficiency ranged from 27.99% to 51.37%, protein retention ranged from 3.38% to 28.28%, protein digestibility ranged from 50.63% to 90.38%, and survival rate ranged from 88.89% to 100%. The highest rate for all parameters was found in the dosage of 3.00% papain enzyme kg feed. The ANOVA test showed that enzyme papain gave a significant effect on the weight gain, total length gain, daily growth rate, specific growth rate, feed conversion ratio, feed efficiency, protein retention, protein digestibility, and survival rate of the climbing perch (Anabas testudieus). The best enzyme papain dosage was 3.0%. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=betok" title="betok">betok</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=feed%20conversion%20ratio" title=" feed conversion ratio"> feed conversion ratio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=freshwater%20fish" title=" freshwater fish"> freshwater fish</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nutrition" title=" nutrition"> nutrition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=feeding" title=" feeding"> feeding</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73058/growth-performance-survival-rate-and-feed-efficacy-of-climbing-perch-anabas-testudineus-feed-experimental-diet-with-several-dosages-of-papain-enzyme" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73058.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">236</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1233</span> The Effect of the Earthworm (Lumbricus rubellus) as the Source of Protein Feed and Pathogen Antibacterial for Broiler</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Waode%20Nurmayani">Waode Nurmayani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nikmatul%20Riswanda"> Nikmatul Riswanda</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Broilers are chickens which are kept with the most efficient time and hoped get a good body weight. All things are done, for example with the improvement of feed and use antibiotics. Feed cost is the most cost to be spent. Nearly 80% of the cost is spent just for buy feed. Earthworm (Lumbricus rubellus) is a good choice to reduce the cost of feed protein source. The Earthworm has a high crude protein content of about 48.5%-61.9%, rich with proline amino acid about 15% of the 62 amino acids. Not only about protein, this earthworm also has a role in disease prevention. Prevention of disease in livestock usual with use feed supplement. Earthworm (Lumbricus rubellus) is one of the natural materials used as feed. In addition, several types of earthworms that have been known to contain active substances about antibacterial pathogens namely Lumbricus rubellus. The earthworm could be used as an antibiotic because it contain the antibody of Lumbricine active substance. So that, this animal feed from Lumbricus rubellus could improve the performance of broilers. Bioactive of anti-bacterial is called Lumbricine able to inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria in the intestinal wall so that the population of pathogenic bacteria is reduced. The method of write in this scientific writing is divided into 3 techniques, namely data completion, data analysis, and thinking pan from various literature about earthworm (Lumbricus rubellus) as broiler feed. It is expected that innovation of feed material of earthworm (Lumbricus rubellus) could reduce the cost of protein feed and the use of chemical antibiotics. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=earthworm" title="earthworm">earthworm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=broiler" title=" broiler"> broiler</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=protein" title=" protein"> protein</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antibiotic" title=" antibiotic"> antibiotic</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85943/the-effect-of-the-earthworm-lumbricus-rubellus-as-the-source-of-protein-feed-and-pathogen-antibacterial-for-broiler" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85943.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">158</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1232</span> A Research About to Determination the Quality of Feed Oils Used as Mixedfeed Raw Material from Some Feed Factories in Konya-Turkey</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G%C3%BCl%C5%9Fah%20Kanbur">Gülşah Kanbur</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Veysel%20Ayhan"> Veysel Ayhan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Feed oil samples which are used as mixed feed raw material were taken from six different feed factories in March, May and July. All factories make production in Konya, Turkey and all of the samples were which taken are crude soybean oil. Some physical and chemical analysis, free radical scavenger effect and total phenol content were determined on these oil samples. Moisture content was found between 0.10-22.23 %, saponification number was determined 143.13 to 167.93 KOH/kg, free fatty acidity was varied 0.73 to 35.00 % , peroxide value was found between 1.53 and 28.43 meq/kg , unsaponifiable matter was determined from 0.40 to 17.10 % , viscosity was found between 34.30 and 625.67 mPas, sediment amount was determined between 0.60-18.16 % , free radical scavenger effect was varied 20.7 to 43.04 % inhibition of the extract and total phenol content was found between 1.20 and 2.69 mg/L extract. Different results were found between months and factories. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crude%20soybean%20oil" title="crude soybean oil">crude soybean oil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=feed%20oils" title=" feed oils"> feed oils</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mixed%20feed" title=" mixed feed"> mixed feed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Konya" title=" Konya"> Konya</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28799/a-research-about-to-determination-the-quality-of-feed-oils-used-as-mixedfeed-raw-material-from-some-feed-factories-in-konya-turkey" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28799.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">313</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1231</span> Opportunities for Precision Feed in Apiculture</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=John%20Michael%20Russo">John Michael Russo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Honeybees are important to our food system and continue to suffer from high rates of colony loss. Precision feed has brought many benefits to livestock cultivation and these should transfer to apiculture. However, apiculture has unique challenges. The objective of this research is to understand how principles of precision agriculture, applied to apiculture and feed specifically, might effectively improve state-of-the-art cultivation. The methodology surveys apicultural practice to build a model for assessment. First, a review of apicultural motivators is made. Feed method is then evaluated. Finally, precision feed methods are examined as accelerants with potential to advance the effectiveness of feed practice. Six important motivators emerge: colony loss, disease, climate change, site variance, operational costs, and competition. Feed practice itself is used to compensate for environmental variables. The research finds that the current state-of-the-art in apiculture feed focuses on critical challenges in the management of feed schedules which satisfy requirements of the bees, preserve potency, optimize environmental variables, and manage costs. Many of the challenges are most acute when feed is used to dispense medication. Technology such as RNA treatments have even more rigorous demands. Precision feed solutions focus on strategies which accommodate specific needs of individual livestock. A major component is data; they integrate precise data with methods that respond to individual needs. There is enormous opportunity for precision feed to improve apiculture through the integration of precision data with policies to translate data into optimized action in the apiary, particularly through automation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=precision%20agriculture" title="precision agriculture">precision agriculture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=precision%20feed" title=" precision feed"> precision feed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=apiculture" title=" apiculture"> apiculture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=honeybees" title=" honeybees"> honeybees</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154810/opportunities-for-precision-feed-in-apiculture" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154810.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">78</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1230</span> Effect of Bactocellon White Leg Shrimp (Litopenaeusvannamei) Growth Performance and the Shrimp Survival to Vibrio paraheamolyticus</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Soltani">M. Soltani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Pakzad"> K. Pakzad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Haghigh-Khiyabani"> A. Haghigh-Khiyabani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Alavi"> M. Alavi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Naderi"> R. Naderi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Castex"> M. Castex</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Effect of probiotic Bactocell (Pediococcus acidilactici) as a supplementary diet was studied on post-larvae 12-15 of white leg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) (150000 PL/0.5 h pond, average body weight=0.02 g) growth performance under farm condition for 102 days at water quality parameters consisting of temperature at 30.5-36οC, dissolved oxygen 4.1-6.6 mg/l, salinity 40-54 g/l, turbidity 35-110 cm, ammonia 0.1-0.8 mg/l and nitrite 0.1-0.9 mg/l. Also, the resistance level of the treated shrimps was assessed against a virulent strain of Vibrio paraheamolyticus as intramuscular injection route at 1.4 x 106 cells/shrimp. Significantly higher growth rate (11.3±1.54 g) and lower feed conversion ratio (1.1) were obtained in shrimps fed diets supplemented with Bactocell at 350 g/ tone feed compared to other treatments of 250 g Bactocell/ton feed (10.8±2 g, 1.3), 500 g Bactocell/ton feed (10.3±1.7 g, 1.3) and untreated control (10.1±2 g, 1.4). Also, thermal growth coefficient (0.057%) and protein efficiency ratio (2.13) were significantly improved in shrimps fed diets supplemented with Bactocell at 350 g/ton feed compare to other groups. Shrimps fed diet supplemented with Bactocell at 350 g/tone feed showed significantly higher protein content (72.56%) in their carcass composition than treatments of 250 g/ton feed (65.9%), 500 g/ton feed (67.5%) and control group (65.9%), while the carcass contents of moisture, lipid and ash in all shrimp groups were not significantly affected by different concentrations of Bactocell. No mortality occurred in the experimentally infected shrimps fed with Bactocell at 500 g/tone feed after 7 hours post-challenge with V. parahemolyticus. The mortality levels of 100%, 40%, 50% and 70% were obtained in shrimps fed with 0.0, 500 g/tone feed, 350 g/ton feed and 250 g/ton feed, respectively 14 hours post-infection. Also, the cumulative mortalities were achieved in 100%, 92% and 81% in shrimps few with Bactocell at 500 g/ton feed, 250 g/ton feed and 350 g/ton feed, respectively. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=litopenaeus%20vannamei" title="litopenaeus vannamei">litopenaeus vannamei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vibrio%20paraheamolyticus" title=" vibrio paraheamolyticus"> vibrio paraheamolyticus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pediococcus%20acidilactici" title=" pediococcus acidilactici"> pediococcus acidilactici</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=growth%20performance" title=" growth performance"> growth performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bactocell" title=" bactocell "> bactocell </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8858/effect-of-bactocellon-white-leg-shrimp-litopenaeusvannamei-growth-performance-and-the-shrimp-survival-to-vibrio-paraheamolyticus" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8858.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">677</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1229</span> Camel Mortalities Due to Accidental Intoxcation with Ionophore</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20A.%20Abdelfattah">M. A. Abdelfattah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20K.%20Waleed"> F. K. Waleed </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Anticoccidials were utilized widely in veterinary practice for the avoidance of coccidiosis in poultry and assume a huge job as development promotants in ruminants. Ionophore harming is every now and again happens because of accidental access to medicated feed, errors in feed mixing, incorrect dosage calculation or misuse in non-recommended species. Camels on several farms in Eastern area of Saudi Arabia were accidently fed with a feed pellet containing 13 ppm salinomycin. One hundred and sixty-three camels died with mortality rate of 100%. The poisoning was clinically characterized by restlessness with tail lift to the top, jerk in the muscles of legs and thighs, excessive sweating, frequent setting and standing with body imbalance, lateral and sternal recumbences with the legs stretched back, eye tears with dilated pupil, vomiting of the stomach content, loss of consciousness and death of some of them. Feed analysis indicated the presence of salinomycin in pelleted feed in a range of 13 mg/kg-47 mg/kg. Necropsy findings and histopathological examinations were presented. Regulations and legal implications concerning with sale of contaminated feed in Saudi market are discussed in the light of feed law and by-law. The necessity for an effective implication of regulation concerning application of quality assurance systems based on the principles of Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) and the application of Hazard Analysis of Critical Control Point (HACCP) during feed production is necessary to avoid feed accident. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=medicated%20feed" title="medicated feed">medicated feed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=salinomycin" title=" salinomycin"> salinomycin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anticoccidial" title=" anticoccidial"> anticoccidial</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=camel" title=" camel"> camel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=toxicity" title=" toxicity"> toxicity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/127800/camel-mortalities-due-to-accidental-intoxcation-with-ionophore" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/127800.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">113</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1228</span> Sunflower Oil as a Nutritional Strategy to Reduce the Impacts of Heat Stress on Meat Quality and Dirtiness Pigs Score</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Angela%20Cristina%20Da%20F.%20De%20Oliveira">Angela Cristina Da F. De Oliveira</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salma%20%20E.%20Asmar"> Salma E. Asmar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Norbert%20P.%20Battlori"> Norbert P. Battlori</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yaz%20Vera"> Yaz Vera</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Uriel%20R.%20Valencia"> Uriel R. Valencia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T%C3%A2mara%20D.%20Borges"> Tâmara D. Borges</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Antoni%20D.%20Bueno"> Antoni D. Bueno</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Leandro%20B.%20Costa"> Leandro B. Costa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The present study aimed to evaluate the replacement of 5% of starch per 5% of sunflower oil (SO) on meat quality and animal welfare of growing and finishing pigs (Iberic x Duroc), exposed to a heat stress environment. The experiment lasted 90 days, and it was carried out in a randomized block design, in a 2 x 2 factorial, composed of two diets (starch or sunflower oil (with or without) and two feed intake management (ad libitum and restriction). Seventy-two crossbred males (51± 6,29 kg body weight - BW) were housed in climate-controlled rooms, in collective pens and exposed to heat stress environment (32°C; 35% to 50% humidity). The treatments studies were: 1) control diet (5% starch x 0% SO) with ad libitum intake (n = 18); 2) SO diet (replacement of 5% of starch per 5% of SO) with ad libitum intake (n = 18); 3) control diet with restriction feed intake (n = 18); or 4) SO diet with restriction feed intake (n = 18). Feed were provided in two phases, 50-100 Kg BW for growing and 100-140 Kg BW for finishing, respectively. Within welfare evaluations, dirtiness score was evaluated all morning during ninety days of the experiment. The presence of manure was individually measured based on one side of the pig´s body and scored according to: 0 (less than 20% of the body surface); 1 (more than 20% but less than 50% of the body surface); 2 (over 50% of the body surface). After the experimental period, when animals reach 130-140 kg BW, they were slaughtered using carbon dioxide (CO2) stunning. Carcass weight, leanness and fat content, measured at the last rib, were recorded within 20 min post-mortem (PM). At 24h PM, pH, electrical conductivity and color measures (L, a*, b*) were recorded in the Longissimus thoracis and Semimembranosus muscles. Data shown no interaction between diet (control x SO) and management feed intake (ad libitum x restriction) on the meat quality parameters. Animals in ad libitum management presented an increase (p < 0.05) on BW, carcass weight (CW), back fat thickness (BT), and intramuscular fat content (IM) when compared with animals in restriction management. In contrast, animals in restriction management showing a higher (p < 0.05) carcass yield, percentage of lean and loin thickness. To welfare evaluations, the interaction between diet and management feed intake did not influence the degree of dirtiness. Although, the animals that received SO diet, independently of the management, were cleaner than animals in control group (p < 0,05), which, for pigs, demonstrate an important strategy to reduce body temperature. Based in our results, the diet and management feed intake had a significant influence on meat quality and animal welfare being considered efficient nutritional strategies to reduce heat stress and improved meat quality. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dirtiness" title="dirtiness">dirtiness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environment" title=" environment"> environment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=meat" title=" meat"> meat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pig" title=" pig"> pig</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72972/sunflower-oil-as-a-nutritional-strategy-to-reduce-the-impacts-of-heat-stress-on-meat-quality-and-dirtiness-pigs-score" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72972.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">263</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1227</span> Supplementation of Mannan Oligosaccharides in Guinea Pigs: Mortality and Growth Performance</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20Minguez">C. Minguez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Bueso-Rodenas"> J. Bueso-Rodenas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20Ibanez"> C. Ibanez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Calvo"> A. Calvo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Mannan oligosaccharides (MOS) is one of the prebiotic most used in livestock nutrition. In this research, the effect of MOS dietary supplementation on growth performance and mortality in meat guinea pigs were studied. Three different experimental groups were compared: Control group (no additives); MOS 1 (1.5 g kg−1); MOS 2 (2 g kg−1). Guinea pigs were housed in 15 collective cages (n = 50 animals in each trial; 10 animals per cage). The young guinea pigs were weaning at day 28 and individually identified by a little ear tag. The fattening period was 49 days. Guinea pigs in both groups were fed ad libitum, with a standard commercial pellet diet (10 MJ of digestible energy/kg, 17% crude protein, 11% crude fiber, and 4.5% crude fat) and alfalfa (Medicago sativa) as forage. Growth traits, including body weight (BW), average daily gain (ADG), feed intake (FI), and feed conversion ratio (FCR), were measured weekly. On day 74, the animals were slaughtered. Contrasts between groups were obtained by calculated generalized least squares values. Mortality were evaluated by Fisher's exact test. Between MOS groups no significant differences were observed for growth traits and mortality. However, significant differences against the control group were observed for traits studied (pvalue < 0.05). In conclusion, the use of MOS could be a good prebiotic supplement to raise guinea pigs because it MOS has shown positive effects in growth traits and immune response in animals. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=guinea%20pig" title="guinea pig">guinea pig</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=growth" title=" growth"> growth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mannan%20oligosaccharides" title=" mannan oligosaccharides"> mannan oligosaccharides</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mortality" title=" mortality"> mortality</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/98416/supplementation-of-mannan-oligosaccharides-in-guinea-pigs-mortality-and-growth-performance" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/98416.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">139</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1226</span> Effect of Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas) Leaves on Wheat Offal Replacement for Chicks Feed Production</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20C.%20Okafor">C. C. Okafor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20M.%20Ezeh"> T. M. Ezeh </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The effect of addition of sweet potato leaves in replacement of wheat offal in the production of broiler chicks feed was studied. 72 day-old marshal strain chicks were used and brooded for two weeks with a normal commercial feed in Nigeria called top feed and weighed separately at the end of the two weeks, complete randomized design (CRD) was used. The weighed broiler chicks were randomly allocated to four dietary treatments. Each treatment was replicated to twice with eighteen birds per replicate. The four dietary treatment identified as T1, T2, T3 and T4. T1 served as control diet with 21% crude protein content, while T2 was prepared with Enzyme and in T3 and T4, wheat offal was replaced with sweet potato leaves and in T4 with inclusion of enzyme. Growth performance was studied using the following daily feed intake, daily weight gain and feed efficiency. The result in daily weight gain showed that chicks fed with T2 feed had the highest weight gain (93.75) while chicks fed with T3 had the least weight gain of (34.5 gm). In daily feed intake chicks fed with T4 fed more (53.06 gm) than chicks fed with T2 (51.08 gm). In feed efficiency T3 had the highest value of 30% while the T2 had the least efficiency of 22%. There was no significant difference (P≥ 0.05) in all the three parameter tested. Sweet potato leaves can replace wheat offal in broiler feed production without any adverse effect on the growth performance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=broiler" title="broiler">broiler</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diet" title=" diet"> diet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dietary" title=" dietary"> dietary</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=potato%20leaves" title=" potato leaves"> potato leaves</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wheat%20offal" title=" wheat offal "> wheat offal </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33351/effect-of-sweet-potato-ipomoea-batatas-leaves-on-wheat-offal-replacement-for-chicks-feed-production" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33351.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">525</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1225</span> The Effect of Fermented Organic Feed into Nutritive Contents of Kampong Chicken Meat</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wahyu%20Widodo">Wahyu Widodo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Imbang%20Dwi%20Rahayu"> Imbang Dwi Rahayu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adi%20Sutanto"> Adi Sutanto</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this research was to analyze the effect of the fermented organic feed to dry matter, ash, organic matter, protein, fat and crude fiber contents of kampong chicken meat. The research had conducted at January until June, 2016. One hundreds chickens were used in this research. Experimental method and completely randomized design were used to support this research. We had 4 treatment namely P0: organic feed without fermentation, P1: Organic feed with fermented rice bran, P2: Organic feed with fermented corn, P3: Organic feed with fermented rice bran and corn with 5 replication. The conclusion was the treatment had not a significant effect in the dry matter, ash, organic matter and protein contents of chicken meat. On the other hand, it had a significant effect in the fat and crude fiber contents of chicken meat. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corn" title="corn">corn</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fermented%20organic%20feed" title=" fermented organic feed"> fermented organic feed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nutritive%20contents" title=" nutritive contents"> nutritive contents</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rice%20bran" title=" rice bran"> rice bran</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62184/the-effect-of-fermented-organic-feed-into-nutritive-contents-of-kampong-chicken-meat" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62184.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">314</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1224</span> Effects of Moringa oleifera Leaf Powder on the Feed Intake and Average Weight of Pullets </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cajethan%20U.%20Ugwuoke">Cajethan U. Ugwuoke</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hyginus%20O.%20Omeje"> Hyginus O. Omeje</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Emmanuel%20C.%20Osinem"> Emmanuel C. Osinem</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study was carried out to determine the effects of Moringa oleifera leaf powder additive on the feed intake and average weight of pullets. A completely Randomized Design (CRD) was adopted for the study. On the procedure of the experiment, 240 chicks were randomly selected from 252 Isa Brown day-old chicks. The chicks were equally randomly allotted to 12 pens with 20 chicks each. The pens were randomly assigned to four different treatment groups with three replicates each. T1 was fed with control feed while T2, T3, and T4 were fed with 2.5%, 5% and 7.5% Moringa oleifera leaf powder fortified feed respectively. The chicks were fed with uniform feed up to week four. From week five, experimental feeds were given to the pullet up to 20 weeks of age. The birds were placed on the same treatment conditions except different experimental feeds given to different groups. Data on the feed intake were collected daily while the average weight of the pullets was collected weekly using weighing scale. Data collected were analyzed using mean, bar charts and Analysis of Variance. The layers fed with control feed consumed the highest amount of feed in most of the weeks under study. The average weights of all the treatment groups were equal from week 1 to week 4. Little variation in average weight started in week 5 with T2 topping the groups. However, there was no statistically significant difference (p>0.05) in the feed intake and average weight of layers fed with different inclusion rates of Moringa oleifera leaf powder in feeds. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=average%20weight" title="average weight">average weight</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=feed%20intake" title=" feed intake"> feed intake</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Moringa%20oleifera" title=" Moringa oleifera"> Moringa oleifera</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pullets" title=" pullets"> pullets</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79486/effects-of-moringa-oleifera-leaf-powder-on-the-feed-intake-and-average-weight-of-pullets" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79486.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">190</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1223</span> Laying Hens' Feed Fortified with Pectin, Xanthan Gum and Guar Gum Aims to Reduce the Cholesterol in Muscle and Egg Yolk</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Novia%20Dwi%20Prabandari">Novia Dwi Prabandari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Diah%20Ayu%20Asmarani"> Diah Ayu Asmarani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Soluble fiber can accelerate the metabolism of cholesterol. Pectin and gum has been used in the form of substance additive for material stabilizer and emulsifier. Pectin supplementation in laying hens can decimate the cholesterol content in egg yolk and muscle. Therefore, this laying hens’ feed is regular feed chickens enriched with soluble fiber (Pectin, Xanthan gum, and Guar gum) to produce eggs and muscle with lower cholesterol than usual.The ingredients are mixed in the ratio of concentrate 45%, corn flour 25%, soybean meal 20%, and extract of soluble fiber 10%. Once all the ingredients are mixed and then evaporated with temperature < 80 °C. Then put in the grinding machine resulting in a circular shape with holes 2-3 mm in diameter, after it dried up the water content in the feed is less than 14%. Eggs from laying hen with soluble fiber fortification feed intake will have lower cholesterol levels in eggs than regular feed. So even with the cholesterol content in the muscle, it is because chicken feed fortified with soluble fiber will accelerate the metabolism of cholesterol and cause cholesterol deposits in the chicken less. The use of this kind of laying hens feed is produce eggs with high protein content can be consumed more for people who have hypercholesterolemia. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pectin" title="pectin">pectin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=xanthan%20gum" title=" xanthan gum"> xanthan gum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=guar%20gum" title=" guar gum"> guar gum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laying%20hen" title=" laying hen"> laying hen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cholesterol" title=" cholesterol"> cholesterol</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29483/laying-hens-feed-fortified-with-pectin-xanthan-gum-and-guar-gum-aims-to-reduce-the-cholesterol-in-muscle-and-egg-yolk" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29483.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">444</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1222</span> Effect of Feed Rate on Grinding Circuits and Cyclone Efficiency</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Patel%20Himeshkumar%20Ashokbhai">Patel Himeshkumar Ashokbhai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Suchit%20Sharma"> Suchit Sharma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arvind%20Kumar%20Garg"> Arvind Kumar Garg</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this paper is to study the effect of change in feed rate on grinding circuit and cyclone efficiency in case of lead-zinc ore. The following experiments and analysis were conducted on beneficiation circuit of Sindesar Khurd (SK) mines under Hindustan Zinc Ltd. subsidiary of Vedanta Group of Companies, a leading producer of lead-Zinc, silver and cadmium (as by products) in India. Feed rate is an important variable in beneficiation circuit operation. Optimizing feed rate is indispensable for any grinding circuit and directly effects cyclone efficiency. The size analysis of ore in grinding circuit along with cyclone efficiency on varying feed rates establishes their interdependence. Feed rate determines retention time ore gets within grinding circuit. Retention time in turn determines degree of liberation of mineral. Inadequate liberation causes decreased circuit efficiency. In this paper we have studied the effect of varying feed rate on (1) D80 particle size of different sections of different streams of grinding circuit (2) Re-circulating load (3) Cyclone efficiency. As a conclusion, this study gives some clues to operate grinding circuits and hydro-cyclones in more efficient way regarding beneficiation of Lead-zinc ore. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cyclone%20efficiency" title="cyclone efficiency">cyclone efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=feed%20rate" title=" feed rate"> feed rate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=grinding%20circuit" title=" grinding circuit"> grinding circuit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=re-circulating%20load" title=" re-circulating load"> re-circulating load</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38698/effect-of-feed-rate-on-grinding-circuits-and-cyclone-efficiency" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38698.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">398</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1221</span> The Influence of Feedgas Ratio on the Ethene Hydroformylation using Rh-Co Bimetallic Catalyst Supported by Reduced Graphene Oxide</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jianli%20Chang">Jianli Chang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yusheng%20Zhang"> Yusheng Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yali%20Yao"> Yali Yao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Diane%20Hildebrandt"> Diane Hildebrandt</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xinying%20Liu"> Xinying Liu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The influence of feed-gas ratio on the ethene hydroformylation over an Rh-Co bimetallic catalyst supported by reduced graphene oxide (RGO) has been investigated in a tubular fixed bed reactor. Argon was used as balance gas when the feed-gas ratio was changed, which can keep the partial pressure of the other two kinds of gas constant while the ratio of one component in feed-gas was changed. First, the effect of single-component gas ratio on the performance of ethene hydroformylation was studied one by one (H₂, C₂H₄ and CO). Then an optimized ratio was found to obtain a high selectivity to C₃ oxygenates. The results showed that: (1) 0.5%Rh-20%Co/RGO is a promising heterogeneous catalyst for ethene hydroformylation. (2) H₂ and CO have a more significant influence than C₂H₄ on selectivity to oxygenates. (3) A lower H₂ ratio and a higher CO ratio in feed-gas can lead to a higher selectivity to oxygenates. (4) The highest selectivity to oxygenates, 61.70%, was obtained at the feed-gas ratio CO: C₂H₄: H₂ = 4: 2: 1. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethene%20hydroformylation" title="ethene hydroformylation">ethene hydroformylation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reduced%20graphene%20oxide" title=" reduced graphene oxide"> reduced graphene oxide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rhodium%20cobalt%20bimetallic%20catalyst" title=" rhodium cobalt bimetallic catalyst"> rhodium cobalt bimetallic catalyst</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20effect%20of%20feed-gas%20ratio" title=" the effect of feed-gas ratio"> the effect of feed-gas ratio</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/146368/the-influence-of-feedgas-ratio-on-the-ethene-hydroformylation-using-rh-co-bimetallic-catalyst-supported-by-reduced-graphene-oxide" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/146368.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">163</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1220</span> The Effects of Production, Transportation and Storage Conditions on Mold Growth in Compound Feeds</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Cetinkaya">N. Cetinkaya</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The objective of the present study is to determine the critical control points during the production, transportation and storage conditions of compound feeds to be used in the Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP) feed safety management system. A total of 40 feed samples were taken after 20 and 40 days of storage periods from the 10 dairy and 10 beef cattle farms following the transportation of the compound feeds from the factory. In addition, before transporting the feeds from factory immediately after production of dairy and beef cattle compound feeds, 10 from each total 20 samples were taken as 0 day. In all feed samples, chemical composition and total aflatoxin levels were determined. The aflatoxin levels in all feed samples with the exception of 2 dairy cattle feeds were below the maximum acceptable level. With the increase in storage period in dairy feeds, the aflatoxin levels were increased to 4.96 ppb only in a BS8 dairy farm. This value is below the maximum permissible level (10 ppb) in beef cattle feed. The aflatoxin levels of dairy feed samples taken after production varied between 0.44 and 2.01 ppb. Aflatoxin levels were found to be between 0.89 and 3.01 ppb in dairy cattle feeds taken on the 20<sup>th</sup> day of storage at 10 dairy cattle farm. On the 40<sup>th</sup> day, feed aflatoxin levels in the same dairy cattle farm were found between 1.12 and 7.83 ppb. The aflatoxin levels were increased to 7.83 and 6.31 ppb in 2 dairy farms, after a storage period of 40 days. These obtained aflatoxin values are above the maximum permissible level in dairy cattle feeds. The 40 days storage in pellet form in the HACCP feed safety management system can be considered as a critical control point. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aflatoxin" title="aflatoxin">aflatoxin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=beef%20cattle%20feed" title=" beef cattle feed"> beef cattle feed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compound%20feed" title=" compound feed"> compound feed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dairy%20cattle%20feed" title=" dairy cattle feed"> dairy cattle feed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HACCP" title=" HACCP"> HACCP</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/90397/the-effects-of-production-transportation-and-storage-conditions-on-mold-growth-in-compound-feeds" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/90397.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">398</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1219</span> The Use of the Phytase in Aquaculture, Its Zootechnical Interests and the Possibilities of Incorporation in the Aquafeed</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Niang%20Mamadou%20Sileye">Niang Mamadou Sileye</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study turns on the use of the phytase in aquaculture, its zootechnical interests and the possibilities of incorporation in the feed. The goal is to reduce the waste in phosphorus linked to the feeding of fishes, without any loss of zootechnical performances and with a decrease of feed costs. We have studied the literature in order to evaluate the raw materials (total phosphorus, phytate and available phosphorus) used by a company to manufacture feed for rainbow trout; to determine the phosphorus requirements for aquaculture species; to determine the requirements of phosphorus for aquaculture species, to determine the sings of lack of phosphorus for fishes; to study the antagonism between the phosphorus and the calcium and to study also the different forms of waste for the rainbow trout. The results found in the bibliography enable us test several Hypothesis of feed formulation for rainbow trout with different raw materials. This simulation and the calculation for wastes allowed to validate two formulation of feed: a control feed (0.5% of monocalcique phosphate) and a trial feed (supplementation with 0.002% of phytase Ronozyme PL and without inorganic phosphate). The feeds have been produced and sent to a experimental structure (agricultural college of Brehoulou).The result of the formulation give a decrease of the phosphorus waste of 28% for the trial feed compared to the feed. The supplementation enables a gain of 2.3 euro per ton. The partial results of the current test show no significant difference yet for the zootechnical parameters (growth rate, mortality, weight gain and obvious conversion rate) between control feed and the trial one. The waste measures do not show either significant difference between the control feed and the trial one, but however, the average difference would to decrease the wastes of 35.6% thanks to the use of phytase. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phosphorus" title="phosphorus">phosphorus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phytic%20acid" title=" phytic acid"> phytic acid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phytase" title=" phytase"> phytase</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=need" title=" need"> need</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=digestibility" title=" digestibility"> digestibility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=formulation" title=" formulation"> formulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=food" title=" food"> food</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=waste" title=" waste"> waste</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rainbow%20trout" title=" rainbow trout"> rainbow trout</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/167276/the-use-of-the-phytase-in-aquaculture-its-zootechnical-interests-and-the-possibilities-of-incorporation-in-the-aquafeed" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/167276.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">98</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1218</span> Nutritional Evaluation of Seseame Seed Husk as a Source of Fibre in the Diets of Broiler Chickens</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maidala%20A.">Maidala A.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bizi%20A.%20G."> Bizi A. G.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Olaoyo%20T.%20G."> Olaoyo T. G.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lawan%20Amaza%20B.%20I."> Lawan Amaza B. I.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Makinde%20O.%20J."> Makinde O. J.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sudik%20S.%20D."> Sudik S. D.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study was aimed at evaluating the effects of full or partial replacement of wheat offal by dry Sesame Seed Husk (SSH) on the performance of broiler chickens. One-day-old chicks (n = 120) were randomly allotted to five treatments, each replicated four times. A replicate comprised of eight chicks each in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). SSH was included at 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100%, respectively. Results showed that there were no significant differences in the Daily feed intake (76.03-88.74), Daily weight gain (35.53-37.66), Feed conversion ratio (2.31-3.21) and Carcass characteristics. The feed cost is reduced as you increase the levels of SSH, and the feed cost N/kg gain was highest in the wheat offal diet and lowest at 100% SSH. It can be concluded that higher levels of up to 100% SSH can be incorporated into broiler rations without deleterious effects on the performance of broilers and concomitant reduction in feed cost. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SSH" title="SSH">SSH</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=broilers" title=" broilers"> broilers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=growth%20performance" title=" growth performance"> growth performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economics%20of%20production" title=" economics of production"> economics of production</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hematology" title=" hematology"> hematology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=serum%20biochemistry" title=" serum biochemistry"> serum biochemistry</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/193669/nutritional-evaluation-of-seseame-seed-husk-as-a-source-of-fibre-in-the-diets-of-broiler-chickens" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/193669.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">10</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1217</span> Thermal Efficiency Analysis and Optimal of Feed Water Heater for Mae Moh Thermal Power Plant</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khomkrit%20Mongkhuntod">Khomkrit Mongkhuntod</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chatchawal%20Chaichana"> Chatchawal Chaichana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Atipoang%20Nuntaphan"> Atipoang Nuntaphan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Feed Water Heater is the important equipment for thermal power plant. The heating temperature from feed heating process is an impact to power plant efficiency or heat rate. Normally, the degradation of feed water heater that operated for a long time is effect to decrease plant efficiency or increase plant heat rate. For Mae Moh power plant, each unit operated more than 20 years. The degradation of the main equipment is effect of planting efficiency or heat rate. From the efficiency and heat rate analysis, Mae Moh power plant operated in high heat rate more than the commissioning period. Some of the equipment were replaced for improving plant efficiency and plant heat rates such as HP turbine and LP turbine that the result is increased plant efficiency by 5% and decrease plant heat rate by 1%. For the target of power generation plan that Mae Moh power plant must be operated more than 10 years. These work is focus on thermal efficiency analysis of feed water heater to compare with the commissioning data for find the way to improve the feed water heater efficiency that may effect to increase plant efficiency or decrease plant heat rate by use heat balance model simulation and economic value add (EVA) method to study the investment for replacing the new feed water heater and analyze how this project can stay above the break-even point to make the project decision. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=feed%20water%20heater" title="feed water heater">feed water heater</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=power%20plant%20efficiency" title=" power plant efficiency"> power plant efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plant%20heat%20rate" title=" plant heat rate"> plant heat rate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20efficiency%20analysis" title=" thermal efficiency analysis"> thermal efficiency analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65534/thermal-efficiency-analysis-and-optimal-of-feed-water-heater-for-mae-moh-thermal-power-plant" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65534.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">369</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1216</span> Process Integration of Natural Gas Hydrate Production by CH₄-CO₂/H₂ Replacement Coupling Steam Methane Reforming</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mengying%20Wang">Mengying Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiaohui%20Wang"> Xiaohui Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chun%20Deng"> Chun Deng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bei%20Liu"> Bei Liu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Changyu%20Sun"> Changyu Sun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Guangjin%20Chen"> Guangjin Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahmoud%20El-Halwagi"> Mahmoud El-Halwagi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Significant amounts of natural gas hydrates (NGHs) are considered potential new sustainable energy resources in the future. However, common used methods for methane gas recovery from hydrate sediments require high investment but with low gas production efficiency, and may cause potential environment and security problems. Therefore, there is a need for effective gas production from hydrates. The natural gas hydrate production method by CO₂/H₂ replacement coupling steam methane reforming can improve the replacement effect and reduce the cost of gas separation. This paper develops a simulation model of the gas production process integrated with steam reforming and membrane separation. The process parameters (i.e., reactor temperature, pressure, H₂O/CH₄ ratio) and the composition of CO₂ and H₂ in the feed gas are analyzed. Energy analysis is also conducted. Two design scenarios with different composition of CO₂ and H₂ in the feed gas are proposed and evaluated to assess the energy efficiency of the novel system. Results show that when the composition of CO₂ in the feed gas is between 43 % and 72 %, there is a certain composition that can meet the requirement that the flow rate of recycled gas is equal to that of feed gas, so as to ensure that the subsequent production process does not need to add feed gas or discharge recycled gas. The energy efficiency of the CO₂ in feed gas at 43 % and 72 % is greater than 1, and the energy efficiency is relatively higher when the CO₂ mole fraction in feed gas is 72 %. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gas%20production" title="Gas production">Gas production</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrate" title=" hydrate"> hydrate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=process%20integration" title=" process integration"> process integration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=steam%20reforming" title=" steam reforming"> steam reforming</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/102169/process-integration-of-natural-gas-hydrate-production-by-ch4-co2h2-replacement-coupling-steam-methane-reforming" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/102169.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">183</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1215</span> Effect in Animal Nutrition of Genetical Modified Plant(GM)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdullah%20%C3%96zbilgin">Abdullah Özbilgin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oguzhan%20Kahraman"> Oguzhan Kahraman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mustafa%20Sel%C3%A7uk%20Alata%C5%9F"> Mustafa Selçuk Alataş</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Plant breeders have made and will continue to make important contributions toward meeting the need for more and better feed and food. The use of new techniques to modify the genetic makeup of plants to improve their properties has led to a new generation of crops, grains and their by-products for feed. Plant breeders have made and will continue to make important contributions toward meeting the need for more and better feed and food. The use of new techniques to modify the genetic makeup of plants to improve their properties has led to a new generation of crops, grains and their by-products for feed. The land area devoted to the cultivation of genetically modified (GM) plants has increased in recent years: in 2012 such plants were grown on over 170 million hectares globally, in 28 different countries, and are at resent used by 17.3 million farmers worldwide. The majority of GM plants are used as feed material for food-producing farm animals. Despite the facts that GM plants have been used as feed for years and a number of feeding studies have proved their safety for animals, they still give rise to emotional public discussion. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crops" title="crops">crops</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genetical%20modified%20plant%28GM%29" title=" genetical modified plant(GM)"> genetical modified plant(GM)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plant" title=" plant"> plant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=safety" title=" safety"> safety</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31192/effect-in-animal-nutrition-of-genetical-modified-plantgm" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31192.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">563</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1214</span> Max-Entropy Feed-Forward Clustering Neural Network</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiaohan%20Bookman">Xiaohan Bookman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiaoyan%20Zhu"> Xiaoyan Zhu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The outputs of non-linear feed-forward neural network are positive, which could be treated as probability when they are normalized to one. If we take Entropy-Based Principle into consideration, the outputs for each sample could be represented as the distribution of this sample for different clusters. Entropy-Based Principle is the principle with which we could estimate the unknown distribution under some limited conditions. As this paper defines two processes in Feed-Forward Neural Network, our limited condition is the abstracted features of samples which are worked out in the abstraction process. And the final outputs are the probability distribution for different clusters in the clustering process. As Entropy-Based Principle is considered into the feed-forward neural network, a clustering method is born. We have conducted some experiments on six open UCI data sets, comparing with a few baselines and applied purity as the measurement. The results illustrate that our method outperforms all the other baselines that are most popular clustering methods. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=feed-forward%20neural%20network" title="feed-forward neural network">feed-forward neural network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clustering" title=" clustering"> clustering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=max-entropy%20principle" title=" max-entropy principle"> max-entropy principle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=probabilistic%20models" title=" probabilistic models "> probabilistic models </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26856/max-entropy-feed-forward-clustering-neural-network" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26856.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">435</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=feed%20hen%20housed&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=feed%20hen%20housed&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=feed%20hen%20housed&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=feed%20hen%20housed&page=5">5</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=feed%20hen%20housed&page=6">6</a></li> <li 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