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aria-controls="toc-Weapons,_countermeasures,_capabilities_and_sensors-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Weapons, countermeasures, capabilities and sensors subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Weapons,_countermeasures,_capabilities_and_sensors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Anti-air_warfare" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Anti-air_warfare"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 Anti-air warfare </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Anti-air_warfare-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Guns" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Guns"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 Guns </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Guns-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Aviation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aviation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3 Aviation </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Aviation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Anti-ship,_submarine_and_land-attack" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Anti-ship,_submarine_and_land-attack"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.4 Anti-ship, submarine and land-attack </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Anti-ship,_submarine_and_land-attack-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Countermeasures" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Countermeasures"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.5 Countermeasures </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Countermeasures-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Communications_and_other_systems" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Communications_and_other_systems"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.6 Communications and other systems </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Communications_and_other_systems-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Additional_capabilities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Additional_capabilities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.7 Additional capabilities </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Additional_capabilities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Operational_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Operational_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Operational history </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Operational_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ships_in_the_class" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ships_in_the_class"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Ships in the class </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ships_in_the_class-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Footnotes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Footnotes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Footnotes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Footnotes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Type 45 destroyer</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 25 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-25" aria-hidden="true" > 25 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A9_%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%A8_45" title="المدمرة تايب 45 – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="المدمرة تايب 45" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%AA-%E0%A7%AA%E0%A7%AB_%E0%A6%A1%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0" title="টাইপ-৪৫ ডেস্ট্রয়ার – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="টাইপ-৪৫ ডেস্ট্রয়ার" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C5%99%C3%ADda_Daring_(typ_45)" title="Třída Daring (typ 45) – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Třída Daring (typ 45)" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daring-klassen" title="Daring-klassen – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Daring-klassen" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daring-Klasse_(2006)" title="Daring-Klasse (2006) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Daring-Klasse (2006)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Destructor_Tipo_45" title="Destructor Tipo 45 – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Destructor Tipo 45" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B4%DA%A9%D9%86_%D8%AA%DB%8C%D9%BE_%DB%B4%DB%B5" title="ناوشکن تیپ ۴۵ – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ناوشکن تیپ ۴۵" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type_45" title="Type 45 – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Type 45" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%8D%B0%EC%96%B4%EB%A7%81%EA%B8%89_%EA%B5%AC%EC%B6%95%ED%95%A8_(Type_45)" title="데어링급 구축함 (Type 45) – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="데어링급 구축함 (Type 45)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapal_perusak_Type_45" title="Kapal perusak Type 45 – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kapal perusak Type 45" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classe_Type_45" title="Classe Type 45 – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Classe Type 45" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%A9%D7%97%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%9E%D7%A1%D7%93%D7%A8%D7%94_45" title="המשחתות מסדרה 45 – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="המשחתות מסדרה 45" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pembinasa_Type_45" title="Pembinasa Type 45 – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Pembinasa Type 45" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daringklasse_(2006)" title="Daringklasse (2006) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Daringklasse (2006)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/45%E5%9E%8B%E9%A7%86%E9%80%90%E8%89%A6" title="45型駆逐艦 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="45型駆逐艦" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daring-klassen" title="Daring-klassen – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Daring-klassen" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%88%DB%8C%D8%A6%D8%B1%D9%86%DA%AF_%DA%A9%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B3_%DA%88%D8%B3%D9%B9%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A6%D8%B1" title="ڈیئرنگ کلاس ڈسٹروئر – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ڈیئرنگ کلاس ڈسٹروئر" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">پنجابی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niszczyciele_rakietowe_typu_45" title="Niszczyciele rakietowe typu 45 – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Niszczyciele rakietowe typu 45" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classe_Daring" title="Classe Daring – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Classe Daring" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%86%D1%8B_%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B0_45" title="Эскадренные миноносцы типа 45 – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Эскадренные миноносцы типа 45" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tyyppi_45_-h%C3%A4vitt%C3%A4j%C3%A4" title="Tyyppi 45 -hävittäjä – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Tyyppi 45 -hävittäjä" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daring-klass_(typ_45)" title="Daring-klass (typ 45) – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Daring-klass (typ 45)" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%96_%D0%BC%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%86%D1%96_Type_45" title="Ескадрені міноносці Type 45 – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Ескадрені міноносці Type 45" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a 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class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">2009 Royal Navy destroyer class</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other ship classes named Daring, see <a href="/wiki/Daring-class_destroyer_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Daring-class destroyer (disambiguation)">Daring-class destroyer</a>.</div> <table class="infobox" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;line-height:1.5em;"><a href="/wiki/File:HMS_Daring-1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/HMS_Daring-1.jpg/300px-HMS_Daring-1.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="196" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/HMS_Daring-1.jpg/450px-HMS_Daring-1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/HMS_Daring-1.jpg/600px-HMS_Daring-1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1340" /></a><div>HMS Daring departing <a href="/wiki/Portsmouth_Naval_Base" class="mw-redirect" title="Portsmouth Naval Base">Portsmouth Naval Base</a>, 1 March 2010</div> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Class overview</th></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Name</td><td>Type 45 destroyer</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Builders</td><td><a href="/wiki/BAE_Systems_Maritime_%E2%80%93_Naval_Ships" title="BAE Systems Maritime – Naval Ships">BAE Systems Maritime – Naval Ships</a></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Operators</td><td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Naval_Ensign_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Naval_Ensign_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Naval_Ensign_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Naval_Ensign_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Naval_Ensign_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Naval_Ensign_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Royal_Navy" title="Royal Navy">Royal Navy</a></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Preceded by</td><td><a href="/wiki/Type_42_destroyer" title="Type 42 destroyer">Type 42</a></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Succeeded by</td><td><a href="/wiki/Type_83_destroyer" title="Type 83 destroyer">Type 83</a></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Cost</td><td>Over <a href="/wiki/%C2%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="£">£</a>1.050 billion per ship incl. <a href="/wiki/Research_and_development" title="Research and development">Research and development</a>, <a href="/wiki/%C2%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="£">£</a>650 million per ship excl. R&D</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Built</td><td>2003–2012</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Planned</td><td>12 (2000), 8 (2004), 6 (ordered)<a href="#cite_note-PAC-HC372-1">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-4">[N 1]</a></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Completed</td><td>6</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Active</td><td>6</td></tr> <tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">General characteristics</th></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Type</td><td><a href="/wiki/Guided-missile_destroyer" title="Guided-missile destroyer">Guided-missile destroyer</a></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Displacement</td><td>7,350<a href="#cite_note-Type_45_Destroyer-5">[4]</a> to 8,500 tonnes (8,400 long tons; 9,400 short tons)<a href="#cite_note-HMS_Daring_Royal_Navy_news-6">[5]</a><a href="#cite_note-7">[6]</a><a href="#cite_note-8">[7]</a></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Length</td><td>152.4 m (500 ft)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Beam</td><td>21.2 m (69 ft 7 in)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Draught</td><td>7.4 m (24 ft 3 in)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Installed power</td><td><ul style="list-style:none; margin:0;"> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;">2 × <a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_WR-21" title="Rolls-Royce WR-21">Rolls-Royce WR-21</a> <a href="/wiki/Gas_turbine" title="Gas turbine">gas turbines</a>, 21.5 <a href="/wiki/Megawatt" class="mw-redirect" title="Megawatt">MW</a> (28,800 <a href="/wiki/Horsepower#Shaft_horsepower" title="Horsepower">shp</a>) each, and:</li> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;">2 × <a href="/wiki/W%C3%A4rtsil%C3%A4" title="Wärtsilä">Wärtsilä</a> 12V200 diesel generators, 2 MW (2,700 shp) each,<a href="#cite_note-9">[8]</a> or:</li> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;">3 × <a href="/wiki/MTU_Friedrichshafen" title="MTU Friedrichshafen">MTU</a> 4000 series diesel generators, 3 MW (4,000 shp) each</li> </ul></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Propulsion</td><td><ul style="list-style:none; margin:0;"> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;">2 shafts <a href="/wiki/Combined_diesel-electric_and_gas#Integrated_electric_propulsion" class="mw-redirect" title="Combined diesel-electric and gas">integrated electric propulsion</a> with</li> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;">2 × <a href="/wiki/GE_Power_Conversion" title="GE Power Conversion">GE Power Conversion</a> Advanced Induction Motors and VDM25000 Drives, 20 MW (27,000 shp) each</li> </ul></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Speed</td><td>In excess of 32 <a href="/wiki/Knot_(unit)" title="Knot (unit)">kn</a> (59 km/h; 37 mph)<a href="#cite_note-Type_45_Facts_by_Royal_Navy-10">[9]</a></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Range</td><td>In excess of 7,000 <a href="/wiki/Nautical_mile" title="Nautical mile">nautical miles</a> (13,000 km; 8,000 mi) at 18 <a href="/wiki/Knot_(unit)" title="Knot (unit)">kn</a> (33 km/h; 21 mph)<a href="#cite_note-Type_45_Facts_by_Royal_Navy-10">[9]</a></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Complement</td><td>191<a href="#cite_note-yearbook2013-11">[10]</a> (accommodation for up to 285)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Sensors and processing systems</td><td><ul style="list-style:none; margin:0;"> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;"><a href="/wiki/SAMPSON" title="SAMPSON">SAMPSON</a> multi-function air tracking radar (Type 1045)</li> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;"><a href="/wiki/S1850M" title="S1850M">S1850M</a> 3-D air surveillance radar (Type 1046)</li> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;">Raytheon <a href="/wiki/Navigation#Integrated_bridge_systems" title="Navigation">Integrated Bridge and Navigation System</a></li> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;">2 × Raytheon <a href="/wiki/AHRS" class="mw-redirect" title="AHRS">AHRS</a> INS (MINS 2)</li> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;">2 × Raytheon <a href="/wiki/I_band_(NATO)" title="I band (NATO)">I-band</a> Radar (Type 1047)</li> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;">1 × Raytheon <a href="/wiki/E_band_(NATO)" title="E band (NATO)">E</a>/<a href="/wiki/F_band_(NATO)" title="F band (NATO)">F-band</a> Radar (Type 1048)<a href="#cite_note-12">[11]</a></li> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;"><a href="/wiki/Ultra_Electronics" title="Ultra Electronics">Ultra Electronics</a> Series 2500 Electro-Optical Gun Control System (EOGCS)<a href="#cite_note-13">[12]</a></li> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;"><a href="/wiki/Ultra_Electronics" title="Ultra Electronics">Ultra Electronics</a> SML Technologies radar tracking system</li> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;">Ultra Electronics/<a href="/wiki/EDO_Corporation" title="EDO Corporation">EDO</a> MFS-7000 sonar</li> </ul></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Electronic warfare & decoys</td><td><ul style="list-style:none; margin:0;"> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;">UAT Mod 2.0 (2.1 planned)<a href="#cite_note-Desider201209-14">[13]</a></li> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;">AN/SSQ-130 Ship Signal Exploitation Equipment (SSEE) Increment F cryptologic exploitation system<a href="#cite_note-Janes-15">[14]</a></li> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;"><a href="/wiki/Seagnat" title="Seagnat">Seagnat</a> (to be replaced by SEA Ancilia decoy launcher system under contract awarded in 2024)<a href="#cite_note-16">[15]</a></li> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;"><a href="/wiki/Naval_Decoy_IDS300" title="Naval Decoy IDS300">Naval Decoy IDS300</a></li> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;"><a href="/wiki/SSTD" title="SSTD">Surface Ship Torpedo Defence</a></li> </ul></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Armament</td><td><ul style="list-style:none; margin:0;"> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;">Anti-air missiles:</li> <ul style="list-style: none"> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;"><a href="/wiki/PAAMS" title="PAAMS">PAAMS</a> air-defence system</li> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;">48 × <a href="/wiki/Sylver_vertical_launching_system" title="Sylver vertical launching system">Sylver vertical launching system</a> A50 for:</li> <ul style="list-style: none"> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;"><a href="/wiki/Aster_(missile_family)" title="Aster (missile family)">Aster 15</a> missiles (range 1.7–30 km)</li> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;"><a href="/wiki/Aster_(missile_family)" title="Aster (missile family)">Aster 30</a> missiles (range 3–120 km), to be upgraded with a <a href="/wiki/Missile_defence" class="mw-redirect" title="Missile defence">ballistic missile defence capability</a>,<a href="#cite_note-17">[16]</a> called Sea Viper Evolution.<a href="#cite_note-18">[17]</a></li> </ul> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;">24 × <a href="/wiki/Sea_Ceptor" class="mw-redirect" title="Sea Ceptor">Sea Ceptor</a> silos to be fitted starting on HMS Defender from 2026 for:</li> <ul style="list-style: none"> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;">24 × surface-to-air missiles that will replace the Aster 15 missiles to allow all 48 × Sylver vertical launching systems to be used for Aster 30.<a href="#cite_note-19">[18]</a><a href="#cite_note-20">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-21">[20]</a></li> </ul> </ul> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;">Anti-ship missiles:</li> <ul style="list-style: none"> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;"><a href="/wiki/Harpoon_missile" class="mw-redirect" title="Harpoon missile">Harpoon Block 1C SSMs</a>, originally fit (retired 2023);<a href="#cite_note-22">[21]</a><a href="#cite_note-23">[22]</a><a href="#cite_note-24">[23]</a><a href="#cite_note-25">[24]</a><a href="#cite_note-26">[25]</a> being replaced with <a href="/wiki/Naval_Strike_Missile" title="Naval Strike Missile">Naval Strike Missile</a> starting on HMS Dauntless from 2024)<a href="#cite_note-27">[26]</a><a href="#cite_note-28">[27]</a><a href="#cite_note-29">[28]</a></li> </ul> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;">Guns:</li> <ul style="list-style: none"> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;">1 × <a href="/wiki/4.5_inch_Mark_8_naval_gun" class="mw-redirect" title="4.5 inch Mark 8 naval gun">4.5 inch Mark 8 naval gun</a></li> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;">2 × <a href="/wiki/DS30B_rapid_fire_cannon" title="DS30B rapid fire cannon">DS30B</a> Mk 1 30 mm guns<a href="#cite_note-30">[29]</a></li> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;">2 × 20 mm <a href="/wiki/Phalanx_CIWS" title="Phalanx CIWS">Phalanx CIWS</a></li> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;">2 × 7.62 mm <a href="/wiki/Miniguns" class="mw-redirect" title="Miniguns">Miniguns</a> (replaced by <a href="/wiki/Browning_.50_caliber_machine_gun" class="mw-redirect" title="Browning .50 caliber machine gun">Browning .50 caliber heavy machine guns</a> as of 2023)<a href="#cite_note-31">[30]</a></li> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;">6 × 7.62 mm <a href="/wiki/General_purpose_machine_gun" class="mw-redirect" title="General purpose machine gun">general purpose machine guns</a></li> </ul> </ul></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Armour</td><td>Kevlar splinter protection, 70 mm magazine/VLS</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Aircraft carried</td><td><ul style="list-style:none; margin:0;"> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;">1 or 2 × <a href="/wiki/AgustaWestland_AW159" class="mw-redirect" title="AgustaWestland AW159">Wildcat HMA2</a>, armed with:</li> <ul style="list-style: none"> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;">4 × <a href="/wiki/Sea_Venom_(missile)" title="Sea Venom (missile)">Sea Venom</a> anti-ship missiles (projected from 2026),<a href="#cite_note-auto1-32">[31]</a> or</li> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;">2 × <a href="/wiki/Sting_Ray_(torpedo)" title="Sting Ray (torpedo)">Sting Ray</a> anti-submarine torpedoes, or</li> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;">20 × <a href="/wiki/Lightweight_Multirole_Missile" class="mw-redirect" title="Lightweight Multirole Missile">Martlet</a> multirole missiles (from 2021)</li> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;">Mk 11 depth charges</li> </ul> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;">or</li> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;">1 × <a href="/wiki/AgustaWestland_AW101" title="AgustaWestland AW101">Merlin HM2</a>,<a href="#cite_note-33">[32]</a> armed with:</li> <ul style="list-style: none"> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;">4 × <a href="/wiki/Sting_Ray_(torpedo)" title="Sting Ray (torpedo)">Sting Ray</a> anti submarine torpedoes</li> </ul> </ul></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Aviation facilities</td><td><ul style="list-style:none; margin:0;"> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;"><a href="/wiki/Boeing_Chinook_(UK_variants)" title="Boeing Chinook (UK variants)">Chinook</a> capable flight deck</li> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;">Enclosed <a href="/wiki/Hangar" title="Hangar">hangar</a></li> </ul></td></tr> </tbody></table> The Type 45 destroyer, also known as the D or Daring class, is a <a href="/wiki/Ship_class" title="Ship class">class</a> of six <a href="/wiki/Guided-missile_destroyer" title="Guided-missile destroyer">guided-missile destroyers</a> built for the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Royal_Navy" title="Royal Navy">Royal Navy</a> in the early 21st century. The class is primarily designed for <a href="/wiki/Anti-aircraft_warfare" title="Anti-aircraft warfare">anti-aircraft</a> and anti-missile warfare and is built around the <a href="/wiki/PAAMS" title="PAAMS">PAAMS</a> (Sea Viper) air-defence system using the <a href="/wiki/SAMPSON" title="SAMPSON">SAMPSON</a> <a href="/wiki/Active_electronically_scanned_array" title="Active electronically scanned array">Active electronically scanned array</a> (AESA) and the <a href="/wiki/S1850M" title="S1850M">S1850M</a> long-range radars. The first three destroyers were assembled by <a href="/wiki/BAE_Systems_Surface_Fleet_Solutions" class="mw-redirect" title="BAE Systems Surface Fleet Solutions">BAE Systems Surface Fleet Solutions</a> from partially prefabricated "blocks" built at different shipyards; the remaining three were built by <a href="/wiki/BAE_Systems_Maritime_%E2%80%93_Naval_Ships" title="BAE Systems Maritime – Naval Ships">BAE Systems Maritime – Naval Ships</a>. The first ship in the Daring class, <a href="/wiki/HMS_Daring_(D32)" title="HMS Daring (D32)">HMS Daring</a>, was launched on 1 February 2006 and commissioned on 23 July 2009.<a href="#cite_note-BBC09-34">[33]</a> The Type 45 destroyers were built to replace the <a href="/wiki/Type_42_destroyer" title="Type 42 destroyer">Type 42 (Sheffield-class) destroyers</a> that had served during the <a href="/wiki/Falklands_War" title="Falklands War">Falklands War</a>, with the last Type 42 being decommissioned in 2013. The <a href="/wiki/National_Audit_Office_(United_Kingdom)" title="National Audit Office (United Kingdom)">National Audit Office</a> reported that, during an "intensive attack", a single Type 45 could simultaneously track, engage and destroy more targets than five Type 42 destroyers operating together.<a href="#cite_note-NAO-35">[34]</a> After the launch of Daring on 1 February 2006, <a href="/wiki/Alan_West,_Baron_West_of_Spithead" title="Alan West, Baron West of Spithead">Admiral Sir Alan West</a>, then <a href="/wiki/First_Sea_Lord" title="First Sea Lord">First Sea Lord</a>, stated that it would be the Royal Navy's most capable destroyer ever, as well as the world's best air-defence ship.<a href="#cite_note-36">[35]</a> The reduction in the number to be procured from twelve, then to (up to) eight, finally with only six confirmed (in 2008) was controversial.<a href="#cite_note-shippingtimes1-37">[36]</a><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated6-38">[37]</a> In 2016, it was revealed that due to a design flaw on the <a href="/wiki/Northrop_Grumman" title="Northrop Grumman">Northrop Grumman</a> <a href="/wiki/Intercooler" title="Intercooler">intercooler</a> attached to the <a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_WR-21" title="Rolls-Royce WR-21">Rolls-Royce WR-21</a> gas turbines, power availability was diminished considerably when functioning in the warm climate of the <a href="/wiki/Persian_Gulf" title="Persian Gulf">Persian Gulf</a>,<a href="#cite_note-39">[38]</a><a href="#cite_note-45PPiP-40">[39]</a> and it quickly became apparent that the class was not operating as originally envisioned.<a href="#cite_note-auto-41">[40]</a> Therefore, a planned refit was scheduled from 2019 to 2021 to fully resolve the problems with the six ships in the class.<a href="#cite_note-42">[41]</a> Under current plans, the Type 45 destroyer will be replaced by the <a href="/wiki/Type_83_destroyer" title="Type 83 destroyer">Type 83 destroyer</a>, the first of which is expected to enter service in the late 2030s.<a href="#cite_note-43">[42]</a> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Development">Development</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Type_45_destroyer&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Development">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/NFR-90" title="NFR-90">NFR-90</a> and <a href="/wiki/Horizon-class_frigate" title="Horizon-class frigate">Horizon-class frigate</a></div> The UK had sought to procure a new class of air-defence <a href="/wiki/Guided-missile_destroyer" title="Guided-missile destroyer">guided-missile destroyers</a> in collaboration with seven other NATO nations under the <a href="/wiki/NFR-90" title="NFR-90">NFR-90</a> project; the project collapsed due to varying requirements of the different countries involved. The UK then joined France and Italy in the <a href="/wiki/Horizon-class_frigate" title="Horizon-class frigate">Horizon-class frigate</a> programme; however, differing national requirements, workshare arguments and delays led to the UK withdrawing on 26 April 1999 and starting its own national project.<a href="#cite_note-44">[43]</a> On 23 November 1999, <a href="/wiki/Marconi_Electronic_Systems" title="Marconi Electronic Systems">Marconi Electronic Systems</a> (MES), the defence arm of General Electric and in the process of merger with <a href="/wiki/British_Aerospace" title="British Aerospace">British Aerospace</a> (BAe) since January, was confirmed as the prime contractor for the Type 45 project.<a href="#cite_note-45">[44]</a> Seven days later, MES and BAe completed the merger forming <a href="/wiki/BAE_Systems" title="BAE Systems">BAE Systems</a> (BAE), making the latter the prime contractor. The Type 45 project has been criticised for rising costs and delays, with the six ships costing £6.46 billion, an increase of £1.5 billion (29%) on the original budget.<a href="#cite_note-PAC-HC372-1">[1]</a> The first ship entered service in 2010,<a href="#cite_note-46">[45]</a> rather than 2007 as initially planned. In 2007, the <a href="/wiki/Defence_Select_Committee" title="Defence Select Committee">Defence Select Committee</a> expressed disappointment that the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)" title="Ministry of Defence (United Kingdom)">Ministry of Defence</a> (MoD) and BAE had failed to control rising costs.<a href="#cite_note-47">[46]</a><a href="#cite_note-48">[47]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Construction">Construction</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Type_45_destroyer&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Construction">edit</a>]</div> The Type 45 destroyers take advantage of Horizon development work and use the <a href="/wiki/Sea_Viper" class="mw-redirect" title="Sea Viper">Sea Viper</a> air-defence system and the <a href="/wiki/SAMPSON" title="SAMPSON">SAMPSON</a> radar. The ships were built by <a href="/wiki/BAE_Systems_Maritime_%E2%80%93_Naval_Ships" title="BAE Systems Maritime – Naval Ships">BAE Systems Maritime – Naval Ships</a>, which subsequently became BVT Surface Fleet with the merger of the surface shipbuilding arms of BAE Systems and <a href="/wiki/VT_Group" title="VT Group">VT Group</a>. These two companies had previously built the ships in collaboration. BAE's two <a href="/wiki/Glasgow" title="Glasgow">Glasgow</a> shipyards and single <a href="/wiki/Portsmouth" title="Portsmouth">Portsmouth</a> shipyard were responsible for different "blocks". BAE's <a href="/wiki/Govan" title="Govan">Govan</a> yard built Block A (stern to the edge of the helicopter hangar). The <a href="/wiki/Scotstoun" title="Scotstoun">Scotstoun</a> yard built Blocks B/C (a 2600-tonne section that contains the <a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_WR-21" title="Rolls-Royce WR-21">Rolls-Royce WR-21</a> <a href="/wiki/Gas_turbine" title="Gas turbine">gas turbines</a>, starting with the helicopter hangar to the <a href="/wiki/Bridge_(nautical)" title="Bridge (nautical)">bridge</a> section) and Block D (the bridge section itself). BAE's Portsmouth shipyard was responsible for Blocks E/F (bridge to the bow), funnels, and masts. For ships two to six, blocks A–D were assembled in the Ships Block and Outfit Hall of the Govan shipyard and taken fully outfitted to the Scotstoun berth. The masts and funnels were also fitted before launch. <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:HMS_Dauntless_D33.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/HMS_Dauntless_D33.jpg/220px-HMS_Dauntless_D33.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/HMS_Dauntless_D33.jpg/330px-HMS_Dauntless_D33.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/HMS_Dauntless_D33.jpg/440px-HMS_Dauntless_D33.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1840" data-file-height="1232" /></a><figcaption>Construction of blocks of Dauntless at <a href="/wiki/Portsmouth" title="Portsmouth">Portsmouth</a></figcaption></figure> For the first-of-class, Block A was assembled at Govan and moved to Scotstoun, where it was mated to Block B/C, which was already fitted with the WR-21 turbines and machinery. Block D, also assembled at Scotstoun, was fitted to these three blocks. The bow sections (E/F) were mated at <a href="/wiki/HMNB_Portsmouth" title="HMNB Portsmouth">HMNB Portsmouth</a> and taken by <a href="/wiki/Barge" title="Barge">barge</a> to Scotstoun. These were the final blocks to be attached. At this point, the hull was launched into the <a href="/wiki/River_Clyde" title="River Clyde">Clyde</a> and towed to the Scotstoun Dry Dock, where the masts and funnels were fitted (the masts were partially outfitted with equipment. For example, the mast for the <a href="/wiki/S1850M" title="S1850M">S1850M</a> radar is sent from Portsmouth to <a href="/wiki/Thales_Nederland" title="Thales Nederland">Thales Nederland</a> to be fitted with radar equipment). Once this was complete, the remaining equipment was fitted: radar arrays, bow-mounted <a href="/wiki/Sonar" title="Sonar">sonar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Propeller" title="Propeller">propellers</a>, missile equipment, and the <a href="/wiki/4.5-inch_Mark_8_naval_gun" title="4.5-inch Mark 8 naval gun">4.5-inch gun</a>. This modular construction arrangement was agreed upon in February 2002. However, when the original contract for three ships was signed in July 2000, <a href="/wiki/BAE_Systems_Marine" title="BAE Systems Marine">BAE Systems Marine</a> was to build the first and third ships, and VT Group was to build the second. By the end of 2010, all six Type 45 destroyers had been launched, with the first two in commission and the remainder fitting out. By 2012, all destroyers were structurally complete and the production lines, had been closed. <a href="/wiki/HMS_Duncan_(D37)" title="HMS Duncan (D37)">Duncan</a>, the last of the Type 45 destroyers, was commissioned at <a href="/wiki/Portsmouth_Naval_Base" class="mw-redirect" title="Portsmouth Naval Base">Portsmouth Naval Base</a> on 26 September 2013 and entered service in 2014 after trials and training.<a href="#cite_note-49">[48]</a> The Daring class are the largest escorts ever built for the Royal Navy in terms of displacement.<a href="#cite_note-50">[N 2]</a> In 2009, delivery of the ships' <a href="/wiki/Aster_(missile_family)" title="Aster (missile family)">Aster</a> missiles was delayed due to a manufacturing fault with a single batch of missiles identified during testing.<a href="#cite_note-51">[49]</a><a href="#cite_note-52">[50]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Characteristics">Characteristics</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Type_45_destroyer&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Characteristics">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="General_specifications">General specifications</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Type_45_destroyer&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: General specifications">edit</a>]</div> The Type 45 destroyers are 152.4 m (500 ft 0 in) in length, with a <a href="/wiki/Beam_(nautical)" title="Beam (nautical)">beam</a> of 21.2 m (69 ft 7 in), a <a href="/wiki/Draft_(hull)" title="Draft (hull)">draught</a> of 7.4 m (24 ft 3 in) and a displacement of approximately 7,350 <a href="/wiki/Tonne" title="Tonne">tonnes</a> (7,230 <a href="/wiki/Long_ton" title="Long ton">long tons</a>).<a href="#cite_note-53">[51]</a><a href="#cite_note-HMS_Daring_Royal_Navy_news-6">[5]</a> This makes them significantly larger than the <a href="/wiki/Type_42_destroyer" title="Type 42 destroyer">Type 42</a> they replaced (displacement 5,200 tonnes, 5,100 long tons, 5,700 short tons). The Type 45 destroyers are the first British warships built to meet the <a href="/wiki/Lloyd%27s_Register" title="Lloyd's Register">Lloyd's Register</a>'s Naval Ship Rules for hull structure requiring design approval by Lloyd's Register for the principal structural arrangements of the vessel.<a href="#cite_note-54">[52]</a> BAE Systems is the Design Authority for the Type 45, a role traditionally held by the Ministry of Defence.<a href="#cite_note-55">[53]</a> The design of the Type 45 brings new levels of <a href="/wiki/Radar_cross-section" class="mw-redirect" title="Radar cross-section">radar signature reduction</a> to the Royal Navy. Deck equipment and life rafts are concealed behind the ship's <a href="/wiki/Superstructure" title="Superstructure">superstructure</a> panels, producing a "clean" superstructure. The mast is also sparingly equipped externally. Speculation by the press suggests that this design gives the ship the radar cross-section of a small <a href="/wiki/Fishing_boat" class="mw-redirect" title="Fishing boat">fishing boat</a>.<a href="#cite_note-56">[54]</a> The Daring class is notable for being the first Royal Navy vessels to include gender-neutral living spaces to accommodate male and female crew members; communal shower and <a href="/wiki/Head_(watercraft)" title="Head (watercraft)">heads</a> facilities have given way to individual cubicles, and six-person <a href="/wiki/Berth_(sleeping)" class="mw-redirect" title="Berth (sleeping)">berths</a> for <a href="/wiki/Naval_rating" title="Naval rating">junior ratings</a> are far more flexible in accommodating a mixture of male and female <a href="/wiki/Sailors" class="mw-redirect" title="Sailors">sailors</a>.<a href="#cite_note-57">[55]</a> Men and women will continue to sleep in separate spaces, in common with most other navies. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Propulsion_and_power">Propulsion and power</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Type_45_destroyer&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Propulsion and power">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Integrated_electric_propulsion" title="Integrated electric propulsion">Integrated electric propulsion</a></div> The Type 45 is fitted with an advanced and innovative <a href="/wiki/Integrated_electric_propulsion" title="Integrated electric propulsion">integrated electric propulsion</a> system. Integrated electric propulsion seeks to supply all propulsion and the ship's electrical load using <a href="/wiki/Alternating_current" title="Alternating current">alternating current</a> at a high quality of voltage and frequency.<a href="#cite_note-58">[N 3]</a> This is achieved by computerised control, high-quality transformation, and electrical filtering. Two Rolls-Royce WR-21 gas turbines drive GE <a href="/wiki/Alternator" title="Alternator">alternators</a>, and along with two <a href="/wiki/W%C3%A4rtsil%C3%A4" title="Wärtsilä">Wärtsilä</a> 12V200 diesel generators, provide electrical power at 4,160 volts to a GE high voltage system. The <a href="/wiki/High_voltage" title="High voltage">high voltage</a> supply is then used to power two <a href="/wiki/GE_Power_Conversion" title="GE Power Conversion">GE Power Conversion</a> advanced <a href="/wiki/Induction_motor" title="Induction motor">induction motors</a> with outputs of 20 MW (27,000 hp) each. Ship's services, including <a href="/wiki/Hotel_load" class="mw-redirect" title="Hotel load">hotel load</a> and weapons system power supplies, are supplied via <a href="/wiki/Transformer" title="Transformer">transformers</a> from the high voltage supply at 440 V and 115 V.<a href="#cite_note-RN_factfile-59">[56]</a> The benefits of integrated electric propulsion are cited as: <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:HMS_Defender_at_Greenwich.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/HMS_Defender_at_Greenwich.jpg/220px-HMS_Defender_at_Greenwich.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/HMS_Defender_at_Greenwich.jpg/330px-HMS_Defender_at_Greenwich.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/HMS_Defender_at_Greenwich.jpg/440px-HMS_Defender_at_Greenwich.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="1728" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/HMS_Defender_(D36)" title="HMS Defender (D36)">HMS Defender</a> moored at Greenwich in London</figcaption></figure> <ul><li>Placing the electric motors closer to the propeller, shortening the shaft line and removing the need for a <a href="/wiki/Transmission_(mechanics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Transmission (mechanics)">gearbox</a> or <a href="/wiki/Controllable_pitch_propellers" class="mw-redirect" title="Controllable pitch propellers">controllable pitch propellers</a>, and reducing exposure to action damage.<a href="#cite_note-RN_factfile-59">[56]</a></li> <li>Ability to arrange machinery in more convenient locations away from the shaft line, reducing space lost to <a href="/wiki/Funnel_(ship)" title="Funnel (ship)">funnels</a>, and improving access for maintenance.<a href="#cite_note-Chitale-60">[57]</a></li> <li>Flexibility in running propulsion and ship services from any combination of prime movers, reducing engine running hours and emissions.<a href="#cite_note-RN_factfile-59">[56]</a></li> <li>Ability to distribute prime mover power between services and propulsion can accommodate future increases in service and weapon loads with minimal impact on ship speed or prime movers.<a href="#cite_note-61">[58]</a></li></ul> The key to the efficient use of a single prime mover is the choice of a gas turbine that provides efficiency over a large load range; the WR-21 gas turbine incorporates <a href="/wiki/Charge_air_cooler" class="mw-redirect" title="Charge air cooler">compressor intercooling</a> and <a href="/wiki/Energy_recovery" title="Energy recovery">exhaust heat recovery</a>, making it significantly more efficient than previous marine gas turbines, especially at low and medium load. The combination of greater efficiency and high fuel capacity gives an endurance of 7,000 nautical miles (13,000 km) at 18 knots (33 km/h).<a href="#cite_note-RN_factfile-59">[56]</a> High power density and the hydrodynamic efficiency of a longer hull form allow high speeds to be sustained. It has been reported that Daring reached her design speed of 29 knots (54 km/h) in 70 seconds and achieved a speed of 31.5 knots (58 km/h) in 120 seconds during sea trials in August 2007.<a href="#cite_note-seatrials-62">[59]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Faults">Faults</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Type_45_destroyer&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Faults">edit</a>]</div> In January 2016, the Ministry of Defence acknowledged that the propulsion system was (prior to upgrade) unreliable, with the BBC reporting that "total electric failures are common".<a href="#cite_note-63">[60]</a> The Rolls Royce WR-21 gas turbine itself is of a sound design, however, the <a href="/wiki/Northrop_Grumman" title="Northrop Grumman">Northrop Grumman</a> intercooler unit "has a major design flaw and causes the WR-21s to fail occasionally. When this happens, the electrical load on the diesel generators can become too great, and they 'trip out', leaving the ship with no source of power or propulsion.<a href="#cite_note-:0-64">[61]</a> The First Sea Lord, Admiral Philip Jones, clarified that the "WR-21 gas turbines were designed in extreme hot weather conditions to what we call 'gracefully degrade' in their performance, until you get to the point where it goes beyond the temperature at which they would operate... we found that the resilience of the diesel generators and the WR-21 in the ship at the moment was not degrading gracefully; it was degrading catastrophically, so that is what we have had to address".<a href="#cite_note-auto-41">[40]</a> While the Ministry of Defence does not release detailed information related to the number of problems experienced by the class, including total engine failure, several such occasions have been reported in the media. Daring broke down in November 2010 and April 2012, Dauntless in February 2014 and Duncan in November 2016.<a href="#cite_note-65">[62]</a><a href="#cite_note-66">[63]</a><a href="#cite_note-67">[64]</a><a href="#cite_note-68">[65]</a><a href="#cite_note-69">[66]</a> In November 2017, The Register reported that a Type 45 destroyer had been recalled to Britain with propeller problems, leaving the Royal Navy's traditional "east of Suez" deployment without proper warship cover. It was stated that "HMS Diamond is on her way back to the UK after a propeller problem proved too much for the ship's crew to repair on their own."<a href="#cite_note-70">[67]</a> On 21 March 2018, the MoD announced the award of the £160 million "Power Improvement Project" (PIP) contract to BAE Systems, BMT Defence Services, and <a href="/wiki/Cammell_Laird" title="Cammell Laird">Cammell Laird</a> to remove the two current diesel generators and install three larger diesel generators at the latter's shipyard in Birkenhead.<a href="#cite_note-71">[68]</a> Replacement or rectification of the WR-21s was not a practical option.<a href="#cite_note-:0-64">[61]</a> With the new diesel generators, the Type 45 needs to rely on the WR-21s only for higher-speed running and always with graceful degradation to cruising without catastrophic loss of power.<a href="#cite_note-72">[69]</a> Dauntless arrived at Cammell Laird on 6 May 2020 to become the first ship to start the PIP upgrade.<a href="#cite_note-73">[70]</a> Completion of the upgrade of all six ships is planned by the mid-2020s.<a href="#cite_note-74">[71]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Advanced_air-defence">Advanced air-defence</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Type_45_destroyer&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Advanced air-defence">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/PAAMS" title="PAAMS">PAAMS</a>, <a href="/wiki/SAMPSON" title="SAMPSON">SAMPSON</a>, <a href="/wiki/S1850M" title="S1850M">S1850M</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Aster_(missile_family)" title="Aster (missile family)">Aster (missile family)</a></div> The Type 45 destroyers are primarily designed for <a href="/wiki/Anti-aircraft_warfare" title="Anti-aircraft warfare">anti-air warfare</a>, able to defend against targets such as <a href="/wiki/Fighter_aircraft" title="Fighter aircraft">fighter aircraft</a>, <a href="/wiki/Unmanned_aerial_vehicle" title="Unmanned aerial vehicle">drones</a>, and highly manoeuverable <a href="/wiki/Sea_skimming" title="Sea skimming">sea-skimming</a> <a href="/wiki/Anti-ship_missile" title="Anti-ship missile">anti-ship missiles</a> travelling at <a href="/wiki/Supersonic" class="mw-redirect" title="Supersonic">supersonic</a> speeds.<a href="#cite_note-USNWC_Type_45-75">[72]</a> The Royal Navy describes the destroyers' mission as "to shield the Fleet from air attack".<a href="#cite_note-Type_45_Destroyer-5">[4]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Operations_Room_HMS_Daring_MOD_45149880.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Operations_Room_HMS_Daring_MOD_45149880.jpg/170px-Operations_Room_HMS_Daring_MOD_45149880.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="255" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Operations_Room_HMS_Daring_MOD_45149880.jpg/255px-Operations_Room_HMS_Daring_MOD_45149880.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Operations_Room_HMS_Daring_MOD_45149880.jpg/340px-Operations_Room_HMS_Daring_MOD_45149880.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Combat_information_center" title="Combat information center">operations room</a> aboard HMS Daring</figcaption></figure> The Type 45 destroyer is equipped with the Sea Viper (PAAMS) air-defence system utilising the SAMPSON <a href="/wiki/Active_electronically_scanned_array" title="Active electronically scanned array">active electronically scanned array</a> multi-function radar and the S1850M long-range radar. PAAMS can track over 2,000 targets and simultaneously control and coordinate multiple missiles in the air at once, allowing a large number of tracks to be intercepted and destroyed at any given time. This makes it particularly difficult to swamp PAAMS during a saturation attack, even if the attacking elements are supersonic.<a href="#cite_note-UK_PAAMS-76">[73]</a> The US Naval War College has suggested that the SAMPSON radar is capable of tracking 1,000 objects the size of a <a href="/wiki/Cricket_ball" title="Cricket ball">cricket ball</a> travelling at three times the speed of sound (Mach 3), emphasising the system's capabilities against high-performance stealth targets.<a href="#cite_note-USNWC_Type_45-75">[72]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Type_45_Destroyer_HMS_Daring_Passing_Through_The_Suez_Canal_MOD_45153569.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Type_45_Destroyer_HMS_Daring_Passing_Through_The_Suez_Canal_MOD_45153569.jpg/220px-Type_45_Destroyer_HMS_Daring_Passing_Through_The_Suez_Canal_MOD_45153569.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Type_45_Destroyer_HMS_Daring_Passing_Through_The_Suez_Canal_MOD_45153569.jpg/330px-Type_45_Destroyer_HMS_Daring_Passing_Through_The_Suez_Canal_MOD_45153569.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Type_45_Destroyer_HMS_Daring_Passing_Through_The_Suez_Canal_MOD_45153569.jpg/440px-Type_45_Destroyer_HMS_Daring_Passing_Through_The_Suez_Canal_MOD_45153569.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3600" data-file-height="2400" /></a><figcaption>48-cell A50 <a href="/wiki/Sylver_Vertical_Launching_System" class="mw-redirect" title="Sylver Vertical Launching System">Sylver Vertical Launching System</a> on Daring</figcaption></figure> A core component of PAAMS is the Aster missile, comprising Aster 15 and Aster 30. <a href="/wiki/MBDA" title="MBDA">MBDA</a> describes Aster as a "hit-to-kill" anti-missile missile capable of intercepting all types of high-performance air threats at a maximum range of 120 km.<a href="#cite_note-MBDA_Aster-77">[74]</a> The Aster missile is autonomously guided and equipped with an active RF seeker enabling it to cope with "saturated attacks" thanks to a "multiple engagement capability" and a "high rate of fire".<a href="#cite_note-MBDA_Aster-77">[74]</a> The Daring-class destroyers are equipped with a 48-cell A50 <a href="/wiki/Sylver_Vertical_Launching_System" class="mw-redirect" title="Sylver Vertical Launching System">Sylver Vertical Launching System</a>, allowing for a mix of up to 48 Aster 15 and 30 missiles. In addition to its anti-air warfare role, PAAMS offers additional <a href="/wiki/Anti-ballistic_missile" title="Anti-ballistic missile">anti-ballistic missile</a> capabilities. In March 2013, the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Naval_Institute" title="United States Naval Institute">United States Naval Institute</a> reported that the Royal Navy, along with the United States <a href="/wiki/Missile_Defense_Agency" title="Missile Defense Agency">Missile Defense Agency</a>, would explore the potential of the Daring class to provide ballistic missile defence in Europe along with United States Navy <a href="/wiki/Aegis_Combat_System" title="Aegis Combat System">Aegis Combat System</a>-equipped destroyers.<a href="#cite_note-USNI-78">[75]</a> In May 2014, Jane's Information Group reported that the United Kingdom is committing more funds to explore the capabilities of the SAMPSON multi-function radar and the Type 45 destroyer in a ballistic missile defence role. This followed a successful live firing event at the <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan_Ballistic_Missile_Defense_Test_Site" title="Ronald Reagan Ballistic Missile Defense Test Site">Ronald Reagan Ballistic Missile Defense Test Site</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kwajalein_Atoll" title="Kwajalein Atoll">Kwajalein Atoll</a> in the Western <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Ocean" title="Pacific Ocean">Pacific Ocean</a>, where Daring demonstrated the ability to "[detect] at the earliest opportunity, with tracks maintained through to intercept" two <a href="/wiki/Medium-range_ballistic_missile" title="Medium-range ballistic missile">medium-range ballistic missile</a> surrogate targets. BAE Systems reportedly told Jane's that the SAMPSON multi-function radar "exceeded expectations in all respects". An "Experiment Concurrency and Cueing (TECC)" event for the Type 45 was planned for late 2015.<a href="#cite_note-Type_45_BMD_Jane's-79">[76]</a> Due to the greater capabilities of the Type 45 over predecessors, the high price per ship, and the public attention they have attracted, defence analysts and correspondents have referred to them as the "most advanced" or "most powerful" air-defence destroyers in the world.<a href="#cite_note-80">[77]</a> BAE Systems claim that "the Type 45 Destroyer is recognised as the most advanced anti-air warfare vessel in the world."<a href="#cite_note-81">[78]</a> Nick Brown, the editor-in-chief of <a href="/wiki/Jane%27s_Information_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="Jane's Information Group">Jane's International Defence Review</a>, was quoted by The Huffington Post saying, "It's certainly one of the most advanced air defence ships in the world... The US Aegis system is similar, but Sea Viper is more advanced."<a href="#cite_note-82">[79]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Weapons,_countermeasures,_capabilities_and_sensors">Weapons, countermeasures, capabilities and sensors</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Type_45_destroyer&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Weapons, countermeasures, capabilities and sensors">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:SAMPSON-rotation-composite-3.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/SAMPSON-rotation-composite-3.jpg/220px-SAMPSON-rotation-composite-3.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/SAMPSON-rotation-composite-3.jpg/330px-SAMPSON-rotation-composite-3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/SAMPSON-rotation-composite-3.jpg/440px-SAMPSON-rotation-composite-3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3752" data-file-height="2500" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/SAMPSON" title="SAMPSON">SAMPSON</a> <a href="/wiki/Active_electronically_scanned_array" title="Active electronically scanned array">AESA</a> each of two faces of multi-function air tracking radar makes a full 360° rotation every four seconds.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:HMS_Daring_S1850M_Long_Range_Radar.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/HMS_Daring_S1850M_Long_Range_Radar.jpg/170px-HMS_Daring_S1850M_Long_Range_Radar.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="257" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/HMS_Daring_S1850M_Long_Range_Radar.jpg/255px-HMS_Daring_S1850M_Long_Range_Radar.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/HMS_Daring_S1850M_Long_Range_Radar.jpg/340px-HMS_Daring_S1850M_Long_Range_Radar.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3057" data-file-height="4615" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/S1850M" title="S1850M">S1850M</a> long-range air surveillance radar on <a href="/wiki/HMS_Daring_(D32)" title="HMS Daring (D32)">HMS Daring</a>. A 20 mm <a href="/wiki/Phalanx_CIWS" title="Phalanx CIWS">Phalanx CIWS</a> gun mount can be seen in the foreground.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Defence_Imagery_-_Missiles_19.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Defence_Imagery_-_Missiles_19.jpg/170px-Defence_Imagery_-_Missiles_19.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="244" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Defence_Imagery_-_Missiles_19.jpg/255px-Defence_Imagery_-_Missiles_19.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Defence_Imagery_-_Missiles_19.jpg/340px-Defence_Imagery_-_Missiles_19.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2088" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/HMS_Diamond_(D34)" title="HMS Diamond (D34)">HMS Diamond</a> firing an <a href="/wiki/Aster_(missile_family)" title="Aster (missile family)">Aster</a> missile for the first time</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:RAN-IFR_2013_D4_07.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/RAN-IFR_2013_D4_07.JPG/220px-RAN-IFR_2013_D4_07.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/RAN-IFR_2013_D4_07.JPG/330px-RAN-IFR_2013_D4_07.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/RAN-IFR_2013_D4_07.JPG/440px-RAN-IFR_2013_D4_07.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4928" data-file-height="3264" /></a><figcaption>The BAE <a href="/wiki/4.5-inch_Mark_8_naval_gun" title="4.5-inch Mark 8 naval gun">4.5-inch Mark 8 naval gun</a> on Daring</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Anti-air_warfare">Anti-air warfare</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Type_45_destroyer&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Anti-air warfare">edit</a>]</div> The <a href="/wiki/PAAMS" title="PAAMS">Sea Viper</a> air-defence system consists of the SAMPSON active electronically scanned array multi-function air tracking radar, which is capable of tracking hundreds of targets (range 400 km, 250 mi). <ul><li><a href="/wiki/S1850M" title="S1850M">S1850M</a> <a href="/wiki/Three-dimensional_space" title="Three-dimensional space">3D</a> long-range air surveillance radar, capable of tracking up to 1,000 targets (range 400 km).</li></ul> A 48-cell A50 Sylver Vertical Launching System for a mix of up to 48 shorter-ranged Aster 15 missiles (1.7–30 km (1.1–18.6 mi)) and Aster 30 Block 0 missiles covering 3–120 km (1.9–74.6 mi). The Type 45 did not have a formal theatre ballistic missile defence (TBMD) capability, but its potential for such a role was being assessed.<a href="#cite_note-83">[80]</a> Land-based Aster 30 Block 1 missiles have intercepted short-range ballistic missiles,<a href="#cite_note-84">[81]</a> and trials of a land-based SAMPSON modified for BMD were planned for early 2012.<a href="#cite_note-85">[82]</a> The Ministry of Defence announced in 2013 that the first ship, Daring, would take part in ballistic defence trials with the US Missile Defence Agency (MDA) as part of a major research and development programme.<a href="#cite_note-86">[83]</a> In March 2016, Britain and France announced a joint procurement programme with the intention of France acquiring <a href="/wiki/Brimstone_(missile)" title="Brimstone (missile)">Brimstone missiles</a> to equip the <a href="/wiki/Eurocopter_Tiger" title="Eurocopter Tiger">Eurocopter Tiger Mk 3</a> helicopter and Britain acquiring Aster Block 1NT missiles capable of intercepting medium-range ballistic missiles of 1,000–1,500 km (620–930 mi) range. A block 2 version of the Aster 30 NT capable of intercepting 3,000 km (1,900 mi) range missiles is under development by France and Italy.<a href="#cite_note-87">[84]</a> Planned upgrades In July 2021, it was announced that the destroyers' anti-air armament will be enhanced with the addition of a 24-cell silo for <a href="/wiki/Sea_Ceptor" class="mw-redirect" title="Sea Ceptor">Sea Ceptor</a> surface-to-air missiles.<a href="#cite_note-88">[85]</a> These were reported as likely to be in lieu of Aster 15 missiles, permitting the 48 Sylver A50 launch cells to be entirely devoted to carrying Aster 30. It was also announced that Eurosam will provide a refresh of the Aster 30 missile systems that are currently in use. All six ships are likely to be upgraded from 2026 to 2032.<a href="#cite_note-:1-89">[86]</a> In May 2022, the Ministry of Defence announced that the Royal Navy's Type 45 destroyers would be upgraded with a <a href="/wiki/Missile_defence" class="mw-redirect" title="Missile defence">ballistic missile defence capability</a>. As part of this upgrade, which is named the Sea Viper Evolution programme, the six ships will be equipped with Aster 30 Block 1 missiles and will receive upgrades to their SAMPSON radars and Sea Viper command and control systems.<a href="#cite_note-BMD-90">[87]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Guns">Guns</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Type_45_destroyer&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Guns">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>1 × <a href="/wiki/BAE_Systems" title="BAE Systems">BAE Systems</a> <a href="/wiki/4.5-inch_Mark_8_naval_gun" title="4.5-inch Mark 8 naval gun">4.5-inch Mark 8 Mod 1</a> naval gun. As of November 2011<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Type_45_destroyer&action=edit">[update]</a>, the Mk 8 Mod 1 is scheduled to remain in service until the 2030s, with a Mod 2 upgrade along the way to address obsolescence.<a href="#cite_note-Janes20111130-91">[88]</a></li> <li>2 × <a href="/wiki/DS30B_rapid_fire_cannon" title="DS30B rapid fire cannon">30 mm Small Calibre Guns on single DS-30B mounts</a>.<a href="#cite_note-92">[89]</a></li> <li>2 × <a href="/wiki/Phalanx_CIWS" title="Phalanx CIWS">Phalanx</a> <a href="/wiki/20_mm_caliber" title="20 mm caliber">20 mm calibre</a> <a href="/wiki/Close-in_weapon_system" title="Close-in weapon system">close-in weapon systems</a> (CIWS).<a href="#cite_note-NNJan2011-93">[90]</a></li> <li>2 × <a href="/wiki/7.62%C3%9751mm_NATO" title="7.62×51mm NATO">7.62 mm</a> <a href="/wiki/M134_Minigun" title="M134 Minigun">M134 Miniguns</a>.<a href="#cite_note-DaringWD-94">[91]</a> (replaced by <a href="/wiki/Browning_.50_caliber_machine_gun" class="mw-redirect" title="Browning .50 caliber machine gun">0.5 inch (12.7 mm) Browning heavy machine guns</a> as of 2023)<a href="#cite_note-95">[92]</a></li> <li>Up to 6 × 7.62 mm <a href="/wiki/FN_MAG" title="FN MAG">L7A2 General Purpose Machine Guns</a>.<a href="#cite_note-DaringWD-94">[91]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Aviation">Aviation</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Type_45_destroyer&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Aviation">edit</a>]</div> The flight deck of the Type 45 is large enough to accommodate aircraft up to the size of a <a href="/wiki/Boeing_Chinook_(UK_variants)" title="Boeing Chinook (UK variants)">Boeing Chinook</a> helicopter.<a href="#cite_note-RN20130212-96">[93]</a> It has hangar space for either one <a href="/wiki/AgustaWestland_AW101" title="AgustaWestland AW101">Merlin HM1</a> or two <a href="/wiki/Westland_Lynx" title="Westland Lynx">Westland Lynx</a> helicopters.<a href="#cite_note-RN20130212-96">[93]</a> The Merlin HM2 has a dipping sonar, <a href="/wiki/Sonobuoys" class="mw-redirect" title="Sonobuoys">sonobuoys</a> and <a href="/wiki/Radar" title="Radar">radar</a>; the Merlin can carry four anti-submarine <a href="/wiki/Sting_Ray_(torpedo)" title="Sting Ray (torpedo)">Sting Ray torpedoes</a>, while the smaller Lynx HMA8 can carry either two Sting Ray torpedoes or four <a href="/wiki/Sea_Skua" title="Sea Skua">Sea Skua</a> anti-ship missiles. From 2015, the Lynx has been replaced in RN service by the <a href="/wiki/AgustaWestland_AW159_Wildcat" title="AgustaWestland AW159 Wildcat">AW159 Wildcat</a>, whose weapons will include the <a href="/wiki/Martlet_(missile)" title="Martlet (missile)">Martlet missile</a> from 2021 and the 'Future Air-to-Surface Guided Weapon (Heavy)' missile from 2026.<a href="#cite_note-auto1-32">[31]</a><a href="#cite_note-97">[94]</a> The Wildcat relies on the ship's sensors in attacking submarine targets since, in RN service as of 2019, it lacks dipping sonar or sonobuoys of its own.<a href="#cite_note-98">[95]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Anti-ship,_submarine_and_land-attack">Anti-ship, submarine and land-attack</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Type_45_destroyer&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Anti-ship, submarine and land-attack">edit</a>]</div> Four of the six Type 45 destroyers received <a href="/wiki/Harpoon_(missile)" title="Harpoon (missile)">Harpoon</a> launchers recycled from the last four decommissioned <a href="/wiki/Type_22_frigate" title="Type 22 frigate">Type 22 frigates</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOI20130807-99">[96]</a> Duncan, Diamond and Daring have all received this upgrade.<a href="#cite_note-100">[97]</a><a href="#cite_note-DiamondHarpoon-101">[98]</a><a href="#cite_note-102">[99]</a> However, Harpoon SSMs are to be withdrawn from the Type 45s by 2023.<a href="#cite_note-103">[100]</a> As of 2022, it was reported that Harpoon SSMs were no longer deployed on the destroyer.<a href="#cite_note-104">[101]</a> However, HMS Duncan was reportedly fitted with Harpoon as of March 2023.<a href="#cite_note-105">[102]</a> In November 2022, it was announced that the Royal Navy will receive the <a href="/wiki/Naval_Strike_Missile" title="Naval Strike Missile">Naval Strike Missile</a> (NSM) to replace Harpoon, which will be fitted to Type 45 destroyers.<a href="#cite_note-106">[103]</a><a href="#cite_note-107">[104]</a><a href="#cite_note-108">[105]</a> The Type 45 has a bow-mounted medium-frequency Ultra/EDO MFS-7000 sonar but has no shipboard anti-submarine weapons. The class relies on its helicopter(s) for <a href="/wiki/Anti-submarine_warfare" title="Anti-submarine warfare">ASW</a>. As of August 2013<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Type_45_destroyer&action=edit">[update]</a>, there were no plans to fit anti-submarine torpedo tubes.<a href="#cite_note-FOI20130807-99">[96]</a> The 4.5-inch Mark 8 Mod 1 naval gun can be used against ships and for <a href="/wiki/Naval_gunfire_support" title="Naval gunfire support">naval gunfire support</a> (NGS) against land targets. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Countermeasures">Countermeasures</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Type_45_destroyer&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Countermeasures">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>The <a href="/wiki/Seagnat" title="Seagnat">Seagnat</a> decoy system allows for the <a href="/wiki/Radar_jamming_and_deception" title="Radar jamming and deception">seduction and distraction</a> of radar-guided weapons through active and passive means. An <a href="/wiki/Infrared_countermeasure" title="Infrared countermeasure">infrared countermeasure</a> device is planned for future retrofits.</li> <li>Airborne Systems's Naval Decoy IDS300<a href="#cite_note-109">[106]</a> floating naval decoy system (corner reflectors).<a href="#cite_note-110">[107]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SSTD" title="SSTD">Surface Ship Torpedo Defence System</a> (SSTD) active torpedo decoy system.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Communications_and_other_systems">Communications and other systems</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Type_45_destroyer&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Communications and other systems">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>Fully Integrated Communications System (FICS45): a combined external and internal communications system supplied by <a href="/wiki/Thales_Group" title="Thales Group">Thales</a> and Selex ES Ltd.<a href="#cite_note-111">[108]</a></li> <li>In 2012, the UAT Mod 2.0 digital Radar Electronic Surveillance system was fitted to Daring and Diamond as part of a £40m contract with Thales UK that will see UAT Mod 2.1 fitted to the other Type 45s.<a href="#cite_note-Desider201209-14">[13]</a></li> <li>METOC <a href="/wiki/Meteorology" title="Meteorology">Meteorology</a> and <a href="/wiki/Oceanography" title="Oceanography">Oceanography</a>: The Metoc system by BAE Systems comprises the Upper Air Sounding System using launchable <a href="/wiki/Radiosonde" title="Radiosonde">radiosondes</a> by Eurodefence Systems Ltd and Graw Radiosondes (Germany) joint venture, as well as a comprehensive weather satellite receiving system and a bathymetric system. These sensors provide each vessel with full environmental awareness for tasks such as radar propagation, <a href="/wiki/Ballistics" title="Ballistics">ballistics</a>, and general self-supporting meteorological and oceanographic data production.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Additional_capabilities">Additional capabilities</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Type_45_destroyer&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Additional capabilities">edit</a>]</div> The Type 45 has sufficient space to embark 60 <a href="/wiki/Royal_Marines" title="Royal Marines">Royal Marines</a> and their equipment.<a href="#cite_note-Type_45_Destroyer-5">[4]</a> The Type 45 destroyers are designed with the ability to operate as <a href="/wiki/Flagship" title="Flagship">flagships</a>.<a href="#cite_note-112">[109]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Operational_history">Operational history</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Type_45_destroyer&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Operational history">edit</a>]</div> In support of protecting merchant ships transiting the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden, <a href="/wiki/HMS_Diamond_(D34)" title="HMS Diamond (D34)">HMS Diamond</a> shot down a suspected attack drone targeting commercial shipping with a single <a href="/wiki/Aster_(missile_family)" title="Aster (missile family)">Sea Viper (Aster)</a> missile on the night of 15 December 2023.<a href="#cite_note-113">[110]</a> According to Navy Lookout, the Sea Viper missile that was used costs around £1–2 million and the drone it shot down may have only cost 20,000 <a href="/wiki/US_dollars" class="mw-redirect" title="US dollars">US dollars</a>. In the same theatre of war, the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Navy" title="United States Navy">United States Navy</a> ship, <a href="/wiki/USS_Carney" title="USS Carney">USS Carney</a>, has shot down 14 drones, most likely, using her main gun which is a much cheaper method. The Royal Navy is unable to use the main gun on their ships to do this, the 4.5-inch Mark 8, because <a href="/wiki/Software" title="Software">software</a> support for anti-aircraft use has been withdrawn (RN ships will not have anti-aircraft gun capability until the Type 26 frigates, or Type 31 frigates, are in service). The in service Type 23 frigates have the Sea Ceptor missile system which can be used to shoot down drones and is cheaper than the Sea Viper (Aster) missile system. It will be several years until the Type 45 destroyers are fitted with the Sea Ceptor upgrade.<a href="#cite_note-114">[111]</a> On 10 January 2024, it was reported that Diamond had shot down seven drones in the Red Sea using a combination of her missiles and guns on 9 January as part of a force that brought down "21 drones and missiles" that night. <a href="#cite_note-115">[112]</a><a href="#cite_note-116">[113]</a> On Wednesday 24 April 2024, HMS Diamond used a single Sea Viper (Aster) missile to shoot down a ballistic missile which had been launched from Houthi-controlled areas of <a href="/wiki/Yemen" title="Yemen">Yemen</a> and which according to American sources was likely targeting a US container ship. It was the first time since the Gulf War of 1991 that the Royal Navy had intercepted any kind of missile in combat, when <a href="/wiki/HMS_Gloucester_(D96)" title="HMS Gloucester (D96)">HMS Gloucester</a> shot down an Iraqi <a href="/wiki/Silkworm_(missile)" title="Silkworm (missile)">Silkworm</a> <a href="/wiki/Cruise_missile" title="Cruise missile">cruise missile</a>. It is also the first time that the Royal Navy's Sea Viper system has shot down a <a href="/wiki/Ballistic_missile" title="Ballistic missile">ballistic missile</a> in combat.<a href="#cite_note-117">[114]</a><a href="#cite_note-118">[115]</a><a href="#cite_note-119">[116]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ships_in_the_class">Ships in the class</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Type_45_destroyer&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Ships in the class">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:HMS_Daring_and_HMS_Dauntless_MOD_45151056.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/HMS_Daring_and_HMS_Dauntless_MOD_45151056.jpg/170px-HMS_Daring_and_HMS_Dauntless_MOD_45151056.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="213" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/HMS_Daring_and_HMS_Dauntless_MOD_45151056.jpg/255px-HMS_Daring_and_HMS_Dauntless_MOD_45151056.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/HMS_Daring_and_HMS_Dauntless_MOD_45151056.jpg/340px-HMS_Daring_and_HMS_Dauntless_MOD_45151056.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>Dauntless (front) operating with Daring off the <a href="/wiki/Isle_of_Wight" title="Isle of Wight">Isle of Wight</a> in 2010</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Duncan_(7899777334).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Duncan_%287899777334%29.jpg/220px-Duncan_%287899777334%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Duncan_%287899777334%29.jpg/330px-Duncan_%287899777334%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Duncan_%287899777334%29.jpg/440px-Duncan_%287899777334%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="682" /></a><figcaption>Duncan, the last ship of the class, departing for sea trials in 2012</figcaption></figure> Six ships were ordered, and transfer of custody of the first happened on 10 December 2008.<a href="#cite_note-Daring0908-120">[117]</a> The MoD's initial planning assumption was to procure twelve ships on a like-for-like replacement of a similar number of Type 42s, with the size of the second batch to be determined between 2005 and 2010.<a href="#cite_note-HC1229-2">[2]</a> However, this was reduced to eight ships in the 2003 defence <a href="/wiki/White_paper" title="White paper">white paper</a> entitled <a href="/wiki/Delivering_Security_in_a_Changing_World" title="Delivering Security in a Changing World">Delivering Security in a Changing World: Future Capabilities</a>, following a strategic refocusing on "small to medium-scale operations" and expeditionary land operations.<a href="#cite_note-USNWC_Type_45-75">[72]</a> It was reported in December 2006 that the last two could be cut.<a href="#cite_note-121">[118]</a> In July 2007, Ministry of Defence officials stated that they "still planned to build eight Type 45 destroyers" and that "the extra two ships were still included in planning assumptions".<a href="#cite_note-122">[119]</a> This plan was officially abandoned on 19 June 2008 when the <a href="/wiki/Minister_for_the_Armed_Forces" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister for the Armed Forces">Minister for the Armed Forces</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bob_Ainsworth" title="Bob Ainsworth">Bob Ainsworth</a>, announced in <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Parliament of the United Kingdom">Parliament</a> that options for the seventh and eighth destroyers would not be taken up.<a href="#cite_note-HC850-I-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-123">[120]</a> The continual scaling back of the project, first from twelve to eight, and subsequently to six ships, has been criticised for leaving the Royal Navy with insufficient ships to meet its requirements.<a href="#cite_note-shippingtimes1-37">[36]</a><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated6-38">[37]</a> On 9 March 2007, The Independent reported that Saudi Arabia was considering buying "two or three" Type 45s.<a href="#cite_note-124">[121]</a> On 7 September 2007, it was reported that Saudi Arabian officials had been invited to observe Daring's sea trials.<a href="#cite_note-125">[122]</a> In 2009, the House of Commons <a href="/wiki/Public_Accounts_Committee_(United_Kingdom)" title="Public Accounts Committee (United Kingdom)">Public Accounts Committee</a> conducted an enquiry into the procurement. Its main conclusions were that despite the destroyer being based on 80% new technology, there was a failure to take sufficient account of technical risk, over-optimism, and an inappropriate too-early fixed price project entered into before many elements had been specified. This resulted in a difficult commercial relationship until a contract renegotiation in 2007. It noted that the MoD believed six ships would still enable it to meet the operational requirement of having five ships at sea, with only a small risk of failing to meet that requirement.<a href="#cite_note-PAC-HC372-1">[1]</a> In July 2016, it was reported that all six of the class were docked in Portsmouth. The Ministry of Defence said it was "unusual but not unprecedented" and that "All Type 45 destroyers are currently in port as they have either just returned from operations or are about to be deployed, are conducting training or carrying out maintenance or are home for crew to take summer leave."<a href="#cite_note-126">[123]</a> In an interview with the Sunday Times, former Rear Admiral <a href="/wiki/Chris_Parry_(Royal_Navy_officer)" title="Chris Parry (Royal Navy officer)">Chris Parry</a> claimed that the Type 45 destroyers are noisy ships that can be heard 100 nautical miles (190 km; 120 mi) away by submarines.<a href="#cite_note-telegraph-20170205-127">[124]</a> Parry claimed that noise suppression in surface ships has been ignored since the end of the Cold War; the MoD responded to this claim by stating that as air defence ships, noise suppression was not a "premium requirement" for the Type 45 class.<a href="#cite_note-128">[125]</a> In response to a written question in the House of Commons on 19 July 2021, Jeremy Quinn Minister of State, Ministry of Defence, detailed the status of the Type 45 destroyers as 4 undergoing refit in the UK, one being repaired abroad having been forced to detach from the CSG21 formation and one active with CSG21.<a href="#cite_note-129">[126]</a> In January 2024 John Healey, Shadow Secretary of State for Defence, submitted a written question: “To ask the Secretary of State for Defence, what the current status is of each of the Royal Navy’s Type 45 destroyers”. James Cartlidge, Minister of State for the Ministry of Defence, responded: “HMS Diamond, HMS Duncan and HMS Dauntless are all currently available for operations. HMS Daring, HMS Dragon and HMS Defender are all currently at various stages of the Power Improvement Project (PIP).”<a href="#cite_note-130">[127]</a> The entire class is based at HMNB Portsmouth.<a href="#cite_note-131">[128]</a> All ships were built by <a href="/wiki/BAE_Systems_Surface_Ships" class="mw-redirect" title="BAE Systems Surface Ships">BAE Systems Surface Ships</a>. <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Name </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Pennant_number" title="Pennant number">Pennant no.</a> </th> <th>First steel cut<a href="#cite_note-132">[N 4]</a> </th> <th>Launched </th> <th>Date of commission </th> <th>Power improvement package </th> <th>Status </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/HMS_Daring_(D32)" title="HMS Daring (D32)">Daring</a> </td> <td>D32 </td> <td>28 March 2003 </td> <td>1 February 2006 </td> <td>23 July 2009<a href="#cite_note-BBC1-133">[129]</a> </td> <td>Sep 2021 to January 2023 </td> <td>Undergoing General Refit </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/HMS_Dauntless_(D33)" title="HMS Dauntless (D33)">Dauntless</a> </td> <td>D33 </td> <td>26 August 2004 </td> <td>23 January 2007 </td> <td>3 June 2010<a href="#cite_note-134">[130]</a> </td> <td>May 2020 to Jun 2022 </td> <td>In active service </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/HMS_Diamond_(D34)" title="HMS Diamond (D34)">Diamond</a> </td> <td>D34 </td> <td>25 February 2005 </td> <td>27 November 2007 </td> <td>6 May 2011<a href="#cite_note-135">[131]</a> </td> <td>October 2024 - </td> <td>Undergoing PIP Refit </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/HMS_Dragon_(D35)" title="HMS Dragon (D35)">Dragon</a> </td> <td>D35 </td> <td>19 December 2005 </td> <td>17 November 2008 </td> <td>20 April 2012<a href="#cite_note-HMS_Dragon_commissioned-136">[132]</a> </td> <td>March 2022 to date<a href="#cite_note-137">[133]</a> </td> <td>Undergoing PIP Refit </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/HMS_Defender_(D36)" title="HMS Defender (D36)">Defender</a> </td> <td>D36 </td> <td>31 July 2006 </td> <td>21 October 2009 </td> <td>21 March 2013<a href="#cite_note-138">[134]</a> </td> <td>June 2023 to date </td> <td>Undergoing PIP Refit </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/HMS_Duncan_(D37)" title="HMS Duncan (D37)">Duncan</a> </td> <td>D37 </td> <td>26 January 2007 </td> <td>11 October 2010 </td> <td>26 September 2013<a href="#cite_note-139">[135]</a> </td> <td>TBA </td> <td>In active service<a href="#cite_note-140">[136]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> Three ships of the Type 45 Daring class carry the same names as members of the previous <a href="/wiki/Daring-class_destroyer_(1949)" title="Daring-class destroyer (1949)">Daring-class destroyers</a> of 1949; these are: <a href="/wiki/HMS_Daring_(D05)" title="HMS Daring (D05)">Daring</a>, <a href="/wiki/HMS_Diamond_(D35)" title="HMS Diamond (D35)">Diamond</a> and <a href="/wiki/HMS_Defender_(D114)" title="HMS Defender (D114)">Defender</a>. These names had been used for the <a href="/wiki/C_and_D-class_destroyer" title="C and D-class destroyer">D-class destroyers</a> of the 1930s. The name <a href="/wiki/HMS_Duncan_(D99)" title="HMS Duncan (D99)">Duncan</a>, has been used for several ships, including the D-class flotilla leader, and also one of the <a href="/wiki/Blackwood-class_frigate" title="Blackwood-class frigate">Type 14 (Blackwood-class) frigates</a> in the 1950s. The remaining Type 45 names, <a href="/wiki/HMS_Dauntless_(D45)" title="HMS Dauntless (D45)">Dauntless</a> and <a href="/wiki/HMS_Dragon_(D46)" title="HMS Dragon (D46)">Dragon</a>, were most recently carried by <a href="/wiki/Danae-class_cruiser" title="Danae-class cruiser">D-class (or Danae-) light cruisers</a> of 1918, which served until 1945. In December 2020, the Minister for Defence Procurement, Jeremy Quin, indicated that under plans at that time, the Type 45 destroyers would be decommissioned between 2035 and 2038.<a href="#cite_note-141">[137]</a> In January 2024, <a href="/wiki/James_Cartlidge" title="James Cartlidge">James Cartlidge</a>, the Minister of State for Defence Procurement, responded to a written question, saying that the last destroyer will retire from service by the end of 2038.<a href="#cite_note-142">[138]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Type_45_destroyer&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arleigh_Burke-class_destroyer" title="Arleigh Burke-class destroyer">Arleigh Burke-class destroyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/De_Zeven_Provinci%C3%ABn-class_frigate" title="De Zeven Provinciën-class frigate">De Zeven Provinciën-class frigate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atago-class_destroyer" title="Atago-class destroyer">Atago-class destroyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sejong_the_Great-class_destroyer" title="Sejong the Great-class destroyer">Sejong the Great-class destroyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kolkata-class_destroyer" title="Kolkata-class destroyer">Kolkata-class destroyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Type_052D_destroyer" title="Type 052D destroyer">Type 052D destroyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Type_83_destroyer" title="Type 83 destroyer">Type 83 destroyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horizon-class_frigate" title="Horizon-class frigate">Horizon-class frigate</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Footnotes">Footnotes</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Type_45_destroyer&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Footnotes">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a> Six hulls were originally ordered, with a planning assumption that a further six would be ordered between 2005 and 2010.<a href="#cite_note-HC1229-2">[2]</a> This planning assumption was later reduced to a further two. In the 2008 defence budget, the <a href="/wiki/Global_Combat_Ship" class="mw-redirect" title="Global Combat Ship">Global Combat Ship</a> programme (known then as the FSC) was brought forward at the expense of ships 7 and 8, resulting in the final order being left at six, with options for further ships not being taken up.<a href="#cite_note-HC850-I-3">[3]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a> Largest in terms of <a href="/wiki/Displacement_(ship)" title="Displacement (ship)">displacement</a>; however, the 6,200-ton <a href="/wiki/County-class_destroyer" title="County-class destroyer">County-class</a> destroyers were some 6 metres (20 ft) longer, and the 6,300-ton <a href="/wiki/Type_82_destroyer" title="Type 82 destroyer">Type 82 destroyer</a> was 2 metres (6.6 ft) longer. </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a> High quality indicates that the frequency and voltage are stable, with an absence of spikes, even under changes in power demand. </li> <li id="cite_note-132"><a href="#cite_ref-132">^</a> The Type 45 is constructed in modules, so the keel is not "laid down" as in the past. The ceremonial start of the ships' construction is "cutting the first sheet" of steel. </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Type_45_destroyer&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-PAC-HC372-1">^ <a href="#cite_ref-PAC-HC372_1-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-PAC-HC372_1-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-PAC-HC372_1-2">c</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation report cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200809/cmselect/cmpubacc/372/372.pdf">Ministry of Defence: Type 45 Destroyer</a> (PDF). House of Commons Public Accounts Committee (Report). UK Parliament. 1 June 2009. pp. 5–13. HC 372. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210626121936/https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200809/cmselect/cmpubacc/372/372.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 26 June 2021. Retrieved 15 June 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Ministry+of+Defence%3A+Type+45+Destroyer&rft.pages=5-13&rft.pub=UK+Parliament&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpublications.parliament.uk%2Fpa%2Fcm200809%2Fcmselect%2Fcmpubacc%2F372%2F372.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AType+45+destroyer" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-HC1229-2">^ <a href="#cite_ref-HC1229_2-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-HC1229_2-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120829024403/http://www.parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk/pa/cm200102/cmselect/cmdfence/1229/122902.htm">"Appendix – Warship Building Strategies"</a>. 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Retrieved 21 April 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Navy+Lookout&rft.atitle=Snapshot%3A+The+Royal+Navy+escort+fleet+in+April+2024&rft.date=2024-04-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.navylookout.com%2Fsnapshot-the-royal-navy-escort-fleet-in-april-2024%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AType+45+destroyer" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gov.uk/government/news/500m-firepower-upgrade-for-type-45-destroyers">"£500m firepower upgrade for Type 45 destroyers"</a>. GOV.UK. Retrieved 24 November 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=GOV.UK&rft.atitle=%C2%A3500m+firepower+upgrade+for+Type+45+destroyers&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gov.uk%2Fgovernment%2Fnews%2F500m-firepower-upgrade-for-type-45-destroyers&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AType+45+destroyer" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.navylookout.com/royal-navys-type-45-destroyers-reaching-their-full-potential-with-addition-of-sea-ceptor-missiles/">"Royal Navy's Type 45 destroyers – reaching their full potential with addition of Sea Ceptor missiles"</a>. Navy Lookout. 6 July 2021. 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Has been re-equipped with Harpoon missiles - the first Type 45 to carry SSM for several years"</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tweet_(social_media)" title="Tweet (social media)">Tweet</a>). 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Retrieved 7 July 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Navy+Lookout&rft.atitle=Royal+Navy%27s+Type+45+destroyers+%E2%80%93+reaching+their+full+potential+with+addition+of+Sea+Ceptor+missiles&rft.date=2021-07-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.navylookout.com%2Froyal-navys-type-45-destroyers-reaching-their-full-potential-with-addition-of-sea-ceptor-missiles%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AType+45+destroyer" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-BMD-90"><a href="#cite_ref-BMD_90-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gov.uk/government/news/type-45-ballistic-missile-defence-upgrade-to-support-more-than-100-uk-jobs">"Type 45 Ballistic Missile Defence upgrade to support more than 100 UK jobs"</a>. UK Government. 24 May 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220524123244/https://www.gov.uk/government/news/type-45-ballistic-missile-defence-upgrade-to-support-more-than-100-uk-jobs">Archived</a> from the original on 24 May 2022. Retrieved 24 May 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Type+45+Ballistic+Missile+Defence+upgrade+to+support+more+than+100+UK+jobs&rft.date=2022-05-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gov.uk%2Fgovernment%2Fnews%2Ftype-45-ballistic-missile-defence-upgrade-to-support-more-than-100-uk-jobs&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AType+45+destroyer" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Janes20111130-91"><a href="#cite_ref-Janes20111130_91-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFScott2011" class="citation news cs1">Scott, Richard (30 November 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/19980514185102/http://jdw.janes.com/">"Taking aim at Type 26"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Jane%27s_Defence_Weekly" title="Jane's Defence Weekly">Jane's Defence Weekly</a>. p. 24. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://jdw.janes.com/">the original</a> on 14 May 1998.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Jane%27s+Defence+Weekly&rft.atitle=Taking+aim+at+Type+26&rft.pages=24&rft.date=2011-11-30&rft.aulast=Scott&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjdw.janes.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AType+45+destroyer" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-92"><a href="#cite_ref-92">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.navylookout.com/the-all-rounder-the-30mm-automated-small-calibre-gun-in-focus/">"The all-rounder – the 30mm Automated Small Calibre Gun in focus"</a>. Navy Lookout. 13 January 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220421181604/https://www.navylookout.com/the-all-rounder-the-30mm-automated-small-calibre-gun-in-focus/">Archived</a> from the original on 21 April 2022. Retrieved 21 April 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Navy+Lookout&rft.atitle=The+all-rounder+%E2%80%93+the+30mm+Automated+Small+Calibre+Gun+in+focus&rft.date=2021-01-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.navylookout.com%2Fthe-all-rounder-the-30mm-automated-small-calibre-gun-in-focus%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AType+45+destroyer" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NNJan2011-93"><a href="#cite_ref-NNJan2011_93-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://content.yudu.com/A1qctz/navynewsjan11/resources/index.htm?referrerUrl=http://content.yudu.com/A1qctz/navynewsjan11/resources/flipbook.swf">"The Best of the UK"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Navy_News" title="Navy News">Navy News</a>. January 2011. p. 9. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230519132401/http://content.yudu.com/A1qctz/navynewsjan11/resources/index.htm?referrerUrl=http://content.yudu.com/A1qctz/navynewsjan11/resources/flipbook.swf">Archived</a> from the original on 19 May 2023. Retrieved 26 January 2011. <q>Daring is currently undergoing a mini overhaul which among other upgrades will see her fitted with Phalanx automated guns</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Navy+News&rft.atitle=The+Best+of+the+UK&rft.pages=9&rft.date=2011-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcontent.yudu.com%2FA1qctz%2Fnavynewsjan11%2Fresources%2Findex.htm%3FreferrerUrl%3Dhttp%3A%2F%2Fcontent.yudu.com%2FA1qctz%2Fnavynewsjan11%2Fresources%2Fflipbook.swf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AType+45+destroyer" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-DaringWD-94">^ <a href="#cite_ref-DaringWD_94-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-DaringWD_94-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090420220428/http://www.royalnavy.mod.uk/operations-and-support/surface-fleet/type-45-destroyers/hms-daring/departments/the-warfare-department">"HMS Daring: The Warfare Department"</a>. Royal Navy. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.royalnavy.mod.uk/operations-and-support/surface-fleet/type-45-destroyers/hms-daring/departments/the-warfare-department">the original</a> on 20 April 2009. Retrieved 12 August 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Royal+Navy&rft.atitle=HMS+Daring%3A+The+Warfare+Department&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.royalnavy.mod.uk%2Foperations-and-support%2Fsurface-fleet%2Ftype-45-destroyers%2Fhms-daring%2Fdepartments%2Fthe-warfare-department&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AType+45+destroyer" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-95"><a href="#cite_ref-95">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDwulet2023" class="citation web cs1">Dwulet, Christopher (5 May 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.navylookout.com/in-focus-the-50-cal-heavy-machine-gun-in-royal-navy-service/">"In focus: the 50 cal heavy machine gun in Royal Navy service"</a>. Navy Lookout. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230505153652/https://www.navylookout.com/in-focus-the-50-cal-heavy-machine-gun-in-royal-navy-service/">Archived</a> from the original on 5 May 2023. Retrieved 5 May 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=In+focus%3A+the+50+cal+heavy+machine+gun+in+Royal+Navy+service&rft.pub=Navy+Lookout&rft.date=2023-05-05&rft.aulast=Dwulet&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.navylookout.com%2Fin-focus-the-50-cal-heavy-machine-gun-in-royal-navy-service%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AType+45+destroyer" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-RN20130212-96">^ <a href="#cite_ref-RN20130212_96-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-RN20130212_96-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.royalnavy.mod.uk/News-and-Events/Latest-News/2013/February/12/130212-Dauntless-makes-history-training-future-front-line-Naval-aviators">"Dauntless makes history training future front-line Naval aviators"</a>. Royal Navy. 12 February 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140410155819/http://www.royalnavy.mod.uk/News-and-Events/Latest-News/2013/February/12/130212-Dauntless-makes-history-training-future-front-line-Naval-aviators">Archived</a> from the original on 10 April 2014. Retrieved 12 August 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Royal+Navy&rft.atitle=Dauntless+makes+history+training+future+front-line+Naval+aviators&rft.date=2013-02-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.royalnavy.mod.uk%2FNews-and-Events%2FLatest-News%2F2013%2FFebruary%2F12%2F130212-Dauntless-makes-history-training-future-front-line-Naval-aviators&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AType+45+destroyer" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><a href="#cite_ref-97">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTran2013" class="citation web cs1">Tran, Pierre (6 May 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130812222901/http://www.defensenews.com/article/20130506/DEFREG01/305060010/France-OKs-Joint-Missile-Development-UK">"France OKs Joint Missile Development with UK"</a>. Defense News. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.defensenews.com/article/20130506/DEFREG01/305060010/France-OKs-Joint-Missile-Development-UK">the original</a> on 12 August 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Defense+News&rft.atitle=France+OKs+Joint+Missile+Development+with+UK&rft.date=2013-05-06&rft.aulast=Tran&rft.aufirst=Pierre&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.defensenews.com%2Farticle%2F20130506%2FDEFREG01%2F305060010%2FFrance-OKs-Joint-Missile-Development-UK&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AType+45+destroyer" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-98"><a href="#cite_ref-98">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.savetheroyalnavy.org/in-focus-the-wildcat-multi-role-helicopter-in-service-with-the-royal-navy/">"In focus: The Wildcat multi role helicopter in service with the Royal Navy | Navy Lookout"</a>. 4 February 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230326025834/https://www.savetheroyalnavy.org/in-focus-the-wildcat-multi-role-helicopter-in-service-with-the-royal-navy/">Archived</a> from the original on 26 March 2023. Retrieved 3 July 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=In+focus%3A+The+Wildcat+multi+role+helicopter+in+service+with+the+Royal+Navy+%26%23124%3B+Navy+Lookout&rft.date=2019-02-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.savetheroyalnavy.org%2Fin-focus-the-wildcat-multi-role-helicopter-in-service-with-the-royal-navy%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AType+45+destroyer" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOI20130807-99">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOI20130807_99-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOI20130807_99-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDE&S_Policy_Secretariat2013" class="citation web cs1">DE&S Policy Secretariat (7 August 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.whatdotheyknow.com/request/168344/response/416866/attach/html/3/20130807%2011%2007%202013%20095342%20001%20Response%20Dainton%20weapons.pdf.html">"Request for Information under the Freedom of Information Act 2000"</a>. <a href="/wiki/WhatDoTheyKnow" title="WhatDoTheyKnow">WhatDoTheyKnow</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210627101249/https://www.whatdotheyknow.com/request/168344/response/416866/attach/html/3/20130807%2011%2007%202013%20095342%20001%20Response%20Dainton%20weapons.pdf.html">Archived</a> from the original on 27 June 2021. Retrieved 12 August 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=WhatDoTheyKnow&rft.atitle=Request+for+Information+under+the+Freedom+of+Information+Act+2000&rft.date=2013-08-07&rft.au=DE%26S+Policy+Secretariat&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.whatdotheyknow.com%2Frequest%2F168344%2Fresponse%2F416866%2Fattach%2Fhtml%2F3%2F20130807%252011%252007%25202013%2520095342%2520001%2520Response%2520Dainton%2520weapons.pdf.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AType+45+destroyer" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-100"><a href="#cite_ref-100">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.royalnavy.mod.uk/news-and-latest-activity/news/2015/march/02/150302-duncan-sails-for-maiden-deployment">"HMS Duncan sails for maiden deployment"</a>. Royal Navy. 2 March 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200919100201/https://www.royalnavy.mod.uk/news-and-latest-activity/news/2015/march/02/150302-duncan-sails-for-maiden-deployment">Archived</a> from the original on 19 September 2020. Retrieved 2 March 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Royal+Navy&rft.atitle=HMS+Duncan+sails+for+maiden+deployment&rft.date=2015-03-02&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.royalnavy.mod.uk%2Fnews-and-latest-activity%2Fnews%2F2015%2Fmarch%2F02%2F150302-duncan-sails-for-maiden-deployment&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AType+45+destroyer" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-DiamondHarpoon-101"><a href="#cite_ref-DiamondHarpoon_101-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.royalnavy.mod.uk/news-and-latest-activity/news/2015/march/23/150323-hms-diamond-crew-back-on-board">"HMS Diamond crew back on board after refit"</a>. Royal Navy. 23 March 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170823021228/http://www.royalnavy.mod.uk/news-and-latest-activity/news/2015/march/23/150323-hms-diamond-crew-back-on-board">Archived</a> from the original on 23 August 2017. Retrieved 23 March 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Royal+Navy&rft.atitle=HMS+Diamond+crew+back+on+board+after+refit&rft.date=2015-03-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.royalnavy.mod.uk%2Fnews-and-latest-activity%2Fnews%2F2015%2Fmarch%2F23%2F150323-hms-diamond-crew-back-on-board&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AType+45+destroyer" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-102"><a href="#cite_ref-102">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.royalnavy.mod.uk/news-and-latest-activity/news/2014/june/12/140612-daring-lynx">"Daring's Lynx fliers singled out for Philippines disaster mission"</a>. Royal Navy. 12 June 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161201100716/http://www.royalnavy.mod.uk/news-and-latest-activity/news/2014/june/12/140612-daring-lynx">Archived</a> from the original on 1 December 2016. Retrieved 18 October 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Royal+Navy&rft.atitle=Daring%27s+Lynx+fliers+singled+out+for+Philippines+disaster+mission&rft.date=2015-06-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.royalnavy.mod.uk%2Fnews-and-latest-activity%2Fnews%2F2014%2Fjune%2F12%2F140612-daring-lynx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AType+45+destroyer" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-103"><a href="#cite_ref-103">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVavasseur2021" class="citation web cs1">Vavasseur, Xavier (11 January 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.navalnews.com/naval-news/2021/01/babcock-to-continue-harpoon-in-service-support-for-the-royal-navy/">"Babcock To Continue Harpoon In-Service Support For The Royal Navy"</a>. Naval News. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210506132236/https://www.navalnews.com/naval-news/2021/01/babcock-to-continue-harpoon-in-service-support-for-the-royal-navy/">Archived</a> from the original on 6 May 2021. Retrieved 21 June 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Naval+News&rft.atitle=Babcock+To+Continue+Harpoon+In-Service+Support+For+The+Royal+Navy&rft.date=2021-01-11&rft.aulast=Vavasseur&rft.aufirst=Xavier&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.navalnews.com%2Fnaval-news%2F2021%2F01%2Fbabcock-to-continue-harpoon-in-service-support-for-the-royal-navy%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AType+45+destroyer" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-104"><a href="#cite_ref-104">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.navylookout.com/can-the-uk-supply-anti-ship-missiles-to-ukraine/">"Can the UK supply anti-ship missiles to Ukraine? | Navy Lookout"</a>. 10 April 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220410230143/https://www.navylookout.com/can-the-uk-supply-anti-ship-missiles-to-ukraine/">Archived</a> from the original on 10 April 2022. Retrieved 10 April 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Can+the+UK+supply+anti-ship+missiles+to+Ukraine%3F+%26%23124%3B+Navy+Lookout&rft.date=2022-04-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.navylookout.com%2Fcan-the-uk-supply-anti-ship-missiles-to-ukraine%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AType+45+destroyer" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-105"><a href="#cite_ref-105">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNavyLookout2023" class="citation web cs1">@NavyLookout (17 March 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://x.com/NavyLookout/status/1636756705089409024">"@HMSDuncan sails from Portsmouth this afternoon. Has been re-equipped with Harpoon missiles - the first Type 45 to carry SSM for several years"</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tweet_(social_media)" title="Tweet (social media)">Tweet</a>). Retrieved 18 March 2023 – via <a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%40HMSDuncan+sails+from+Portsmouth+this+afternoon.+Has+been+re-equipped+with+Harpoon+missiles+-+the+first+Type+45+to+carry+SSM+for+several+years.&rft.date=2023-03-17&rft.au=NavyLookout&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fx.com%2FNavyLookout%2Fstatus%2F1636756705089409024&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AType+45+destroyer" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-106"><a href="#cite_ref-106">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.regjeringen.no/en/aktuelt/den-britiske-marinen-tar-i-bruk-norske-sjomalsmissiler/id2948032/">"Norwegian Naval Strike Missiles to the British Royal Navy"</a>. regjeringen.no (Norwegian Government). 23 November 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221123200603/https://www.regjeringen.no/en/aktuelt/den-britiske-marinen-tar-i-bruk-norske-sjomalsmissiler/id2948032/">Archived</a> from the original on 23 November 2022. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.navalsystems-tech.com/files/navalsystems/supplier_docs/Naval-Decoy-Specification-sheet.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on 16 April 2018. Retrieved 15 April 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=IDS300+Naval+Decoy+Systems&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.navalsystems-tech.com%2Ffiles%2Fnavalsystems%2Fsupplier_docs%2FNaval-Decoy-Specification-sheet.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AType+45+destroyer" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-110"><a href="#cite_ref-110">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110811010148/http://www.airborne-sys.com/pages/view/naval-decoy-ids300">"Naval Decoy IDS300, Ship Deployed Floating Naval Countermeasure"</a>. Airborne Systems. 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Naval Today. 28 July 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220111095736/https://www.navaltoday.com/2021/07/28/hms-duncan-back-in-action-after-refit/">Archived</a> from the original on 11 January 2022. Retrieved 5 February 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Naval+Today&rft.atitle=HMS+Duncan+back+in+action+after+refit&rft.date=2021-07-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.navaltoday.com%2F2021%2F07%2F28%2Fhms-duncan-back-in-action-after-refit%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AType+45+destroyer" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-141"><a href="#cite_ref-141">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFQuin2020" class="citation book cs1">Quin, Jeremy (3 December 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theyworkforyou.com/wrans/?id=2020-11-30.122596.h&s=Type+45">"Type 45 Destroyers: Decommissioning"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Hansard" title="Hansard">Parliamentary Debates (Hansard)</a>. Retrieved 21 June 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Type+45+Destroyers%3A+Decommissioning&rft.btitle=Parliamentary+Debates+%28Hansard%29&rft.date=2020-12-03&rft.aulast=Quin&rft.aufirst=Jeremy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theyworkforyou.com%2Fwrans%2F%3Fid%3D2020-11-30.122596.h%26s%3DType%2B45&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AType+45+destroyer" class="Z3988"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210627120343/https://www.theyworkforyou.com/wrans/?id=2020-11-30.122596.h&s=Type+45">Archived</a> 27 June 2021 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-142"><a href="#cite_ref-142">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://questions-statements.parliament.uk/written-questions/detail/2024-01-22/10750">"Type 45 Destroyers: Decommissioning"</a>. UK Parliament. 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Royal Navy.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Royal+Navy&rft.atitle=Type+45&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.royalnavy.mod.uk%2FThe-Fleet%2FShips%2FDestroyers%2FType-45-Destroyers&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AType+45+destroyer" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.navyrecognition.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=76">"Type 45 Daring class Anti-Air Warfare Destroyer"</a>. NavyRecognition.com. 30 August 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NavyRecognition.com&rft.atitle=Type+45+Daring+class+Anti-Air+Warfare+Destroyer&rft.date=2011-08-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.navyrecognition.com%2Findex.php%3Foption%3Dcom_content%26task%3Dview%26id%3D76&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AType+45+destroyer" class="Z3988"></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol 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(D37)">Duncan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Preceded by: <a href="/wiki/Type_42_destroyer" title="Type 42 destroyer">Type 42 destroyers</a></li> <li>Followed by: <a href="/wiki/Type_83_destroyer" title="Type 83 destroyer">Type 83 destroyer</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><div><a href="/wiki/List_of_destroyer_classes_of_the_Royal_Navy" title="List of destroyer classes of the Royal Navy">List of destroyers of the Royal Navy</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="22px&#124;border_&#124;alt=United_Kingdom&#124;link=United_Kingdom_Commissioned_ships_of_the_Royal_Navy_22px&#124;border_&#124;alt=United_Kingdom&#124;link=United_Kingdom" style=";wide;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Royal_Navy_ships" title="Template:Royal Navy ships"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Royal_Navy_ships" title="Template talk:Royal Navy ships"><abbr title="Discuss this template" 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//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Naval_Ensign_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/44px-Naval_Ensign_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/List_of_active_Royal_Navy_ships" title="List of active Royal Navy ships">Commissioned ships of the Royal Navy</a> <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom"><img alt="United Kingdom" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Aircraft_carrier" title="Aircraft carrier">Aircraft carriers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th id="Queen_Elizabeth_class" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Queen_Elizabeth-class_aircraft_carrier" title="Queen Elizabeth-class aircraft carrier">Queen Elizabeth class</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Queen_Elizabeth_(R08)" title="HMS Queen Elizabeth (R08)">Queen Elizabeth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Prince_of_Wales_(R09)" title="HMS Prince of Wales (R09)">Prince of Wales</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Submarine" title="Submarine">Submarines</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Vanguard-class_submarine" title="Vanguard-class submarine">Vanguard class</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Vanguard_(S28)" title="HMS Vanguard (S28)">Vanguard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Victorious_(S29)" title="HMS Victorious (S29)">Victorious</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Vigilant_(S30)" title="HMS Vigilant (S30)">Vigilant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Vengeance_(S31)" title="HMS Vengeance (S31)">Vengeance</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Trafalgar-class_submarine" title="Trafalgar-class submarine">Trafalgar class</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Triumph_(S93)" title="HMS Triumph (S93)">Triumph</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Astute-class_submarine" title="Astute-class submarine">Astute class</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Astute_(S119)" title="HMS Astute (S119)">Astute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Ambush_(S120)" title="HMS Ambush (S120)">Ambush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Artful_(S121)" title="HMS Artful (S121)">Artful</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Audacious_(S122)" title="HMS Audacious (S122)">Audacious</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Anson_(S123)" title="HMS Anson (S123)">Anson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Destroyer" title="Destroyer">Destroyers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Type 45</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Daring_(D32)" title="HMS Daring (D32)">Daring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Dauntless_(D33)" title="HMS Dauntless (D33)">Dauntless</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Diamond_(D34)" title="HMS Diamond (D34)">Diamond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Dragon_(D35)" title="HMS Dragon (D35)">Dragon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Defender_(D36)" title="HMS Defender (D36)">Defender</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Duncan_(D37)" title="HMS Duncan (D37)">Duncan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Frigate" title="Frigate">Frigates</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th id="Type_23" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Type_23_frigate" title="Type 23 frigate">Type 23</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Argyll_(F231)" title="HMS Argyll (F231)">Argyll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Lancaster_(F229)" title="HMS Lancaster (F229)">Lancaster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Iron_Duke_(F234)" title="HMS Iron Duke (F234)">Iron Duke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Westminster_(F237)" title="HMS Westminster (F237)">Westminster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Richmond_(F239)" title="HMS Richmond (F239)">Richmond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Somerset_(F82)" title="HMS Somerset (F82)">Somerset</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Sutherland_(F81)" title="HMS Sutherland (F81)">Sutherland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Kent_(F78)" title="HMS Kent (F78)">Kent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Portland_(F79)" title="HMS Portland (F79)">Portland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_St_Albans_(F83)" title="HMS St Albans (F83)">St Albans</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Amphibious_warfare_ship" title="Amphibious warfare ship">Amphibious warfare ships</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th id="Albion-class_LPD" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Albion-class_landing_platform_dock" title="Albion-class landing platform dock">Albion-class</a> <a href="/wiki/Amphibious_transport_dock" title="Amphibious transport dock">LPD</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Albion_(L14)" title="HMS Albion (L14)">Albion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Bulwark_(L15)" title="HMS Bulwark (L15)">Bulwark</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Mine_countermeasures_vessel" title="Mine countermeasures vessel">Mine counter measures vessels</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Sandown-class_minehunter" title="Sandown-class minehunter">Sandown class</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Penzance_(M106)" title="HMS Penzance (M106)">Penzance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Pembroke_(M107)" title="HMS Pembroke (M107)">Pembroke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Bangor_(M109)" title="HMS Bangor (M109)">Bangor</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Hunt-class_mine_countermeasures_vessel" title="Hunt-class mine countermeasures vessel">Hunt class</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Ledbury_(M30)" title="HMS Ledbury (M30)">Ledbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Cattistock_(M31)" title="HMS Cattistock (M31)">Cattistock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Brocklesby_(M33)" title="HMS Brocklesby (M33)">Brocklesby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Middleton_(M34)" title="HMS Middleton (M34)">Middleton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Chiddingfold_(M37)" title="HMS Chiddingfold (M37)">Chiddingfold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Hurworth_(M39)" title="HMS Hurworth (M39)">Hurworth</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Patrol_boat" title="Patrol boat">Patrol vessels</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;">Ice patrol vessel</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Protector_(A173)" title="HMS Protector (A173)">Protector</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/River-class_patrol_vessel" class="mw-redirect" title="River-class patrol vessel">River class</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Severn_(P282)" title="HMS Severn (P282)">Severn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Tyne_(P281)" title="HMS Tyne (P281)">Tyne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Mersey_(P283)" title="HMS Mersey (P283)">Mersey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Forth_(P222)" title="HMS Forth (P222)">Forth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Medway_(P223)" title="HMS Medway (P223)">Medway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Trent_(P224)" title="HMS Trent (P224)">Trent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Tamar_(P233)" title="HMS Tamar (P233)">Tamar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Spey_(P234)" title="HMS Spey (P234)">Spey</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Archer-class_patrol_vessel" title="Archer-class patrol vessel">Archer class</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Archer_(P264)" title="HMS Archer (P264)">Archer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Biter_(P270)" title="HMS Biter (P270)">Biter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Smiter_(P272)" title="HMS Smiter (P272)">Smiter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Blazer_(P279)" title="HMS Blazer (P279)">Blazer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Puncher_(P291)" title="HMS Puncher (P291)">Puncher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Charger_(P292)" title="HMS Charger (P292)">Charger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Ranger_(P293)" title="HMS Ranger (P293)">Ranger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Trumpeter_(P294)" title="HMS Trumpeter (P294)">Trumpeter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Express_(P163)" title="HMS Express (P163)">Express</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Example_(P165)" title="HMS Example (P165)">Example</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Explorer_(P164)" title="HMS Explorer (P164)">Explorer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Exploit_(P167)" title="HMS Exploit (P167)">Exploit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Tracker_(P274)" title="HMS Tracker (P274)">Tracker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Raider_(P275)" title="HMS Raider (P275)">Raider</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Pursuer_(P273)" title="HMS Pursuer (P273)">Pursuer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Dasher_(P280)" title="HMS Dasher (P280)">Dasher</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Cutlass-class_patrol_vessel" title="Cutlass-class patrol vessel">Cutlass class</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Cutlass_(P295)" title="HMS Cutlass (P295)">Cutlass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Dagger_(P296)" title="HMS Dagger (P296)">Dagger</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Survey_vessel" title="Survey vessel">Survey vessels</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;">Ocean survey vessel</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Scott_(H131)" title="HMS Scott (H131)">Scott</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;">Survey launch</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Magpie_(H130)" title="HMS Magpie (H130)">Magpie</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;">Miscellaneous</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th id="Ship_of_the_line" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Ship_of_the_line" title="Ship of the line">Ship of the line</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Victory" title="HMS Victory">Victory</a> (flagship of the First Sea Lord)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a>: National <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1073186#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" 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