CINXE.COM

Division: Nanoscale Science and Technology (NS)

<!doctype html> <html class="" lang="en-US"> <head> <base href="https://avs69.avs.org/division-nanoscale-science-and-technology-ns/"> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Division: Nanoscale Science and Technology (NS)</title> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:large"> <style>img:is([sizes="auto" i], [sizes^="auto," i]) { contain-intrinsic-size: 3000px 1500px }</style> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//fonts.googleapis.com"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//use.fontawesome.com"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="AVS69 » Feed" href="https://avs69.avs.org/feed/"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="AVS69 » Comments Feed" href="https://avs69.avs.org/comments/feed/"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <meta name="SKYPE_TOOLBAR" content="SKYPE_TOOLBAR_PARSER_COMPATIBLE"> <meta name="og:title" content="Division: Nanoscale Science and Technology (NS)"> <meta name="og:type" content="website"> <meta name="og:url" content="https://avs69.avs.org/division-nanoscale-science-and-technology-ns/"> <script type="text/javascript"> /* <![CDATA[ */ window._wpemojiSettings = {"baseUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/15.0.3\/72x72\/","ext":".png","svgUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/15.0.3\/svg\/","svgExt":".svg","source":{"concatemoji":"https:\/\/avs69.avs.org\/wp-includes\/js\/wp-emoji-release.min.js?ver=6.7.1"}}; /*! This file is auto-generated */ !function(i,n){var o,s,e;function c(e){try{var t={supportTests:e,timestamp:(new Date).valueOf()};sessionStorage.setItem(o,JSON.stringify(t))}catch(e){}}function p(e,t,n){e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(t,0,0);var t=new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data),r=(e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(n,0,0),new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data));return t.every(function(e,t){return e===r[t]})}function u(e,t,n){switch(t){case"flag":return n(e,"\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200d\u26a7\ufe0f","\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200b\u26a7\ufe0f")?!1:!n(e,"\ud83c\uddfa\ud83c\uddf3","\ud83c\uddfa\u200b\ud83c\uddf3")&&!n(e,"\ud83c\udff4\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc62\udb40\udc65\udb40\udc6e\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc7f","\ud83c\udff4\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc62\u200b\udb40\udc65\u200b\udb40\udc6e\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc7f");case"emoji":return!n(e,"\ud83d\udc26\u200d\u2b1b","\ud83d\udc26\u200b\u2b1b")}return!1}function f(e,t,n){var r="undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope?new OffscreenCanvas(300,150):i.createElement("canvas"),a=r.getContext("2d",{willReadFrequently:!0}),o=(a.textBaseline="top",a.font="600 32px Arial",{});return e.forEach(function(e){o[e]=t(a,e,n)}),o}function t(e){var t=i.createElement("script");t.src=e,t.defer=!0,i.head.appendChild(t)}"undefined"!=typeof Promise&&(o="wpEmojiSettingsSupports",s=["flag","emoji"],n.supports={everything:!0,everythingExceptFlag:!0},e=new Promise(function(e){i.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",e,{once:!0})}),new Promise(function(t){var n=function(){try{var e=JSON.parse(sessionStorage.getItem(o));if("object"==typeof e&&"number"==typeof e.timestamp&&(new Date).valueOf()<e.timestamp+604800&&"object"==typeof e.supportTests)return e.supportTests}catch(e){}return null}();if(!n){if("undefined"!=typeof Worker&&"undefined"!=typeof OffscreenCanvas&&"undefined"!=typeof URL&&URL.createObjectURL&&"undefined"!=typeof Blob)try{var e="postMessage("+f.toString()+"("+[JSON.stringify(s),u.toString(),p.toString()].join(",")+"));",r=new Blob([e],{type:"text/javascript"}),a=new Worker(URL.createObjectURL(r),{name:"wpTestEmojiSupports"});return void(a.onmessage=function(e){c(n=e.data),a.terminate(),t(n)})}catch(e){}c(n=f(s,u,p))}t(n)}).then(function(e){for(var t in e)n.supports[t]=e[t],n.supports.everything=n.supports.everything&&n.supports[t],"flag"!==t&&(n.supports.everythingExceptFlag=n.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&n.supports[t]);n.supports.everythingExceptFlag=n.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&!n.supports.flag,n.DOMReady=!1,n.readyCallback=function(){n.DOMReady=!0}}).then(function(){return e}).then(function(){var e;n.supports.everything||(n.readyCallback(),(e=n.source||{}).concatemoji?t(e.concatemoji):e.wpemoji&&e.twemoji&&(t(e.twemoji),t(e.wpemoji)))}))}((window,document),window._wpemojiSettings); /* ]]> */ </script> <style id="wp-emoji-styles-inline-css" type="text/css"> img.wp-smiley, img.emoji { display: inline !important; border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; height: 1em !important; width: 1em !important; margin: 0 0.07em !important; vertical-align: -0.1em !important; background: none !important; padding: 0 !important; } </style> <link rel="stylesheet" id="wp-block-library-css" href="https://avs69.avs.org/wp-includes/css/dist/block-library/style.min.css?ver=6.7.1" type="text/css" media="all"> <style id="classic-theme-styles-inline-css" type="text/css"> /*! This file is auto-generated */ .wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none} </style> <style id="global-styles-inline-css" type="text/css"> :root{--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--square: 1;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--4-3: 4/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-4: 3/4;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-2: 3/2;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--2-3: 2/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--16-9: 16/9;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--9-16: 9/16;--wp--preset--color--black: #000000;--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray: #abb8c3;--wp--preset--color--white: #ffffff;--wp--preset--color--pale-pink: #f78da7;--wp--preset--color--vivid-red: #cf2e2e;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange: #ff6900;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber: #fcb900;--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan: #7bdcb5;--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan: #00d084;--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue: #8ed1fc;--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue: #0693e3;--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple: #9b51e0;--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(6,147,227,1) 0%,rgb(155,81,224) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(122,220,180) 0%,rgb(0,208,130) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(252,185,0,1) 0%,rgba(255,105,0,1) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(255,105,0,1) 0%,rgb(207,46,46) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(238,238,238) 0%,rgb(169,184,195) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(74,234,220) 0%,rgb(151,120,209) 20%,rgb(207,42,186) 40%,rgb(238,44,130) 60%,rgb(251,105,98) 80%,rgb(254,248,76) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,206,236) 0%,rgb(152,150,240) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(254,205,165) 0%,rgb(254,45,45) 50%,rgb(107,0,62) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,203,112) 0%,rgb(199,81,192) 50%,rgb(65,88,208) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,245,203) 0%,rgb(182,227,212) 50%,rgb(51,167,181) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(202,248,128) 0%,rgb(113,206,126) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--midnight: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(2,3,129) 0%,rgb(40,116,252) 100%);--wp--preset--font-size--small: 13px;--wp--preset--font-size--medium: 20px;--wp--preset--font-size--large: 36px;--wp--preset--font-size--x-large: 42px;--wp--preset--spacing--20: 0.44rem;--wp--preset--spacing--30: 0.67rem;--wp--preset--spacing--40: 1rem;--wp--preset--spacing--50: 1.5rem;--wp--preset--spacing--60: 2.25rem;--wp--preset--spacing--70: 3.38rem;--wp--preset--spacing--80: 5.06rem;--wp--preset--shadow--natural: 6px 6px 9px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--deep: 12px 12px 50px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);--wp--preset--shadow--sharp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--outlined: 6px 6px 0px -3px rgba(255, 255, 255, 1), 6px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);--wp--preset--shadow--crisp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);}:where(.is-layout-flex){gap: 0.5em;}:where(.is-layout-grid){gap: 0.5em;}body .is-layout-flex{display: flex;}.is-layout-flex{flex-wrap: wrap;align-items: center;}.is-layout-flex > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}body .is-layout-grid{display: grid;}.is-layout-grid > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;}.has-black-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red) !important;}.has-very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-cool-to-warm-spectrum-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum) !important;}.has-blush-light-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple) !important;}.has-blush-bordeaux-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux) !important;}.has-luminous-dusk-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk) !important;}.has-pale-ocean-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean) !important;}.has-electric-grass-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass) !important;}.has-midnight-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--midnight) !important;}.has-small-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--small) !important;}.has-medium-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--medium) !important;}.has-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--large) !important;}.has-x-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--x-large) !important;} :where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;} :where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;} :root :where(.wp-block-pullquote){font-size: 1.5em;line-height: 1.6;} </style> <link rel="stylesheet" id="image-hover-effects-css-css" href="https://avs69.avs.org/wp-content/plugins/mega-addons-for-visual-composer/css/ihover.css?ver=6.7.1" type="text/css" media="all"> <link rel="stylesheet" id="style-css-css" href="https://avs69.avs.org/wp-content/plugins/mega-addons-for-visual-composer/css/style.css?ver=6.7.1" type="text/css" media="all"> <link rel="stylesheet" id="font-awesome-latest-css" href="https://avs69.avs.org/wp-content/plugins/mega-addons-for-visual-composer/css/font-awesome/css/all.css?ver=6.7.1" type="text/css" media="all"> <link rel="stylesheet" id="rs-plugin-settings-css" href="https://avs69.avs.org/wp-content/plugins/revslider/public/assets/css/settings.css?ver=5.2.6" type="text/css" media="all"> <style id="rs-plugin-settings-inline-css" type="text/css"> #rs-demo-id {} </style> <link rel="stylesheet" id="wpls-pro-slick-style-css" href="https://avs69.avs.org/wp-content/plugins/wp-logo-showcase-responsive-slider-pro/assets/css/slick.css?ver=1.3" type="text/css" media="all"> <link rel="stylesheet" id="wpos-animate-style-css" href="https://avs69.avs.org/wp-content/plugins/wp-logo-showcase-responsive-slider-pro/assets/css/animate.min.css?ver=1.3" type="text/css" media="all"> <link rel="stylesheet" id="wpls-pro-public-style-css" href="https://avs69.avs.org/wp-content/plugins/wp-logo-showcase-responsive-slider-pro/assets/css/wpls-pro-public.css?ver=1.3" type="text/css" media="all"> <link rel="stylesheet" id="us-font-1-css" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans%3A400%2C700&amp;subset=latin&amp;ver=6.7.1" type="text/css" media="all"> <link rel="stylesheet" id="font-awesome-official-css" href="https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v6.1.2/css/all.css" type="text/css" media="all" integrity="sha384-fZCoUih8XsaUZnNDOiLqnby1tMJ0sE7oBbNk2Xxf5x8Z4SvNQ9j83vFMa/erbVrV" crossorigin="anonymous"> <link rel="stylesheet" id="us-base-css" href="//avs69.avs.org/wp-content/themes/Impreza/framework/css/us-base.css?ver=3.6" type="text/css" media="all"> <link rel="stylesheet" id="us-font-awesome-css" href="//avs69.avs.org/wp-content/themes/Impreza/framework/css/font-awesome.css?ver=4.6.3" type="text/css" media="all"> <link rel="stylesheet" id="us-font-mdfi-css" href="//avs69.avs.org/wp-content/themes/Impreza/framework/css/font-mdfi.css?ver=1" type="text/css" media="all"> <link rel="stylesheet" id="us-style-css" href="//avs69.avs.org/wp-content/themes/Impreza/css/style.css?ver=3.6" type="text/css" media="all"> <link rel="stylesheet" id="us-responsive-css" href="//avs69.avs.org/wp-content/themes/Impreza/css/responsive.css?ver=3.6" type="text/css" media="all"> <link rel="stylesheet" id="bsf-Defaults-css" href="https://avs69.avs.org/wp-content/uploads/smile_fonts/Defaults/Defaults.css?ver=6.7.1" type="text/css" media="all"> <link rel="stylesheet" id="font-awesome-official-v4shim-css" href="https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v6.1.2/css/v4-shims.css" type="text/css" media="all" integrity="sha384-iW7MVRJO9Fj06GFbRcMqdZBcVQhjBWlVXUjtY7XCppA+DZUoHBQ7B8VB+EjXUkPV" crossorigin="anonymous"> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://avs69.avs.org/wp-includes/js/dist/vendor/react.min.js?ver=18.3.1" id="react-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://avs69.avs.org/wp-includes/js/dist/vendor/react-dom.min.js?ver=18.3.1" id="react-dom-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://avs69.avs.org/wp-includes/js/dist/vendor/react-jsx-runtime.min.js?ver=18.3.1" id="react-jsx-runtime-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://avs69.avs.org/wp-includes/js/dist/dom-ready.min.js?ver=f77871ff7694fffea381" id="wp-dom-ready-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://avs69.avs.org/wp-includes/js/dist/hooks.min.js?ver=4d63a3d491d11ffd8ac6" id="wp-hooks-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://avs69.avs.org/wp-includes/js/dist/i18n.min.js?ver=5e580eb46a90c2b997e6" id="wp-i18n-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="wp-i18n-js-after"> /* <![CDATA[ */ wp.i18n.setLocaleData( { 'text direction\u0004ltr': [ 'ltr' ] } ); /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://avs69.avs.org/wp-includes/js/dist/a11y.min.js?ver=3156534cc54473497e14" id="wp-a11y-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://avs69.avs.org/wp-includes/js/dist/vendor/wp-polyfill.min.js?ver=3.15.0" id="wp-polyfill-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://avs69.avs.org/wp-includes/js/dist/url.min.js?ver=e87eb76272a3a08402d2" id="wp-url-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://avs69.avs.org/wp-includes/js/dist/api-fetch.min.js?ver=d387b816bc1ed2042e28" id="wp-api-fetch-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="wp-api-fetch-js-after"> /* <![CDATA[ */ wp.apiFetch.use( wp.apiFetch.createRootURLMiddleware( "https://avs69.avs.org/wp-json/" ) ); wp.apiFetch.nonceMiddleware = wp.apiFetch.createNonceMiddleware( "a77bb84591" ); wp.apiFetch.use( wp.apiFetch.nonceMiddleware ); wp.apiFetch.use( wp.apiFetch.mediaUploadMiddleware ); wp.apiFetch.nonceEndpoint = "https://avs69.avs.org/wp-admin/admin-ajax.php?action=rest-nonce"; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://avs69.avs.org/wp-includes/js/dist/blob.min.js?ver=9113eed771d446f4a556" id="wp-blob-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://avs69.avs.org/wp-includes/js/dist/block-serialization-default-parser.min.js?ver=14d44daebf663d05d330" id="wp-block-serialization-default-parser-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://avs69.avs.org/wp-includes/js/dist/autop.min.js?ver=9fb50649848277dd318d" id="wp-autop-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://avs69.avs.org/wp-includes/js/dist/deprecated.min.js?ver=e1f84915c5e8ae38964c" id="wp-deprecated-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://avs69.avs.org/wp-includes/js/dist/dom.min.js?ver=93117dfee2692b04b770" id="wp-dom-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://avs69.avs.org/wp-includes/js/dist/escape-html.min.js?ver=6561a406d2d232a6fbd2" id="wp-escape-html-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://avs69.avs.org/wp-includes/js/dist/element.min.js?ver=cb762d190aebbec25b27" id="wp-element-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://avs69.avs.org/wp-includes/js/dist/is-shallow-equal.min.js?ver=e0f9f1d78d83f5196979" id="wp-is-shallow-equal-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://avs69.avs.org/wp-includes/js/dist/keycodes.min.js?ver=034ff647a54b018581d3" id="wp-keycodes-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://avs69.avs.org/wp-includes/js/dist/priority-queue.min.js?ver=9c21c957c7e50ffdbf48" id="wp-priority-queue-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://avs69.avs.org/wp-includes/js/dist/compose.min.js?ver=85f0708cd2e6b26addeb" id="wp-compose-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://avs69.avs.org/wp-includes/js/dist/private-apis.min.js?ver=4b858962c15c2c7a135f" id="wp-private-apis-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://avs69.avs.org/wp-includes/js/dist/redux-routine.min.js?ver=a0a172871afaeb261566" id="wp-redux-routine-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://avs69.avs.org/wp-includes/js/dist/data.min.js?ver=7c62e39de0308c73d50c" id="wp-data-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="wp-data-js-after"> /* <![CDATA[ */ ( function() { var userId = 0; var storageKey = "WP_DATA_USER_" + userId; wp.data .use( wp.data.plugins.persistence, { storageKey: storageKey } ); } )(); /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://avs69.avs.org/wp-includes/js/dist/html-entities.min.js?ver=2cd3358363e0675638fb" id="wp-html-entities-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://avs69.avs.org/wp-includes/js/dist/rich-text.min.js?ver=4021b9e4e9ef4d3cd868" id="wp-rich-text-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://avs69.avs.org/wp-includes/js/dist/shortcode.min.js?ver=b7747eee0efafd2f0c3b" id="wp-shortcode-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://avs69.avs.org/wp-includes/js/dist/warning.min.js?ver=ed7c8b0940914f4fe44b" id="wp-warning-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://avs69.avs.org/wp-includes/js/dist/blocks.min.js?ver=8474af4b6260126fa879" id="wp-blocks-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://avs69.avs.org/wp-includes/js/dist/vendor/moment.min.js?ver=2.30.1" id="moment-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="moment-js-after"> /* <![CDATA[ */ moment.updateLocale( 'en_US', {"months":["January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"monthsShort":["Jan","Feb","Mar","Apr","May","Jun","Jul","Aug","Sep","Oct","Nov","Dec"],"weekdays":["Sunday","Monday","Tuesday","Wednesday","Thursday","Friday","Saturday"],"weekdaysShort":["Sun","Mon","Tue","Wed","Thu","Fri","Sat"],"week":{"dow":1},"longDateFormat":{"LT":"g:i a","LTS":null,"L":null,"LL":"F j, Y","LLL":"F j, Y g:i a","LLLL":null}} ); /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://avs69.avs.org/wp-includes/js/dist/date.min.js?ver=aaca6387d1cf924acc51" id="wp-date-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="wp-date-js-after"> /* <![CDATA[ */ wp.date.setSettings( {"l10n":{"locale":"en_US","months":["January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"monthsShort":["Jan","Feb","Mar","Apr","May","Jun","Jul","Aug","Sep","Oct","Nov","Dec"],"weekdays":["Sunday","Monday","Tuesday","Wednesday","Thursday","Friday","Saturday"],"weekdaysShort":["Sun","Mon","Tue","Wed","Thu","Fri","Sat"],"meridiem":{"am":"am","pm":"pm","AM":"AM","PM":"PM"},"relative":{"future":"%s from now","past":"%s ago","s":"a second","ss":"%d seconds","m":"a minute","mm":"%d minutes","h":"an hour","hh":"%d hours","d":"a day","dd":"%d days","M":"a month","MM":"%d months","y":"a year","yy":"%d years"},"startOfWeek":1},"formats":{"time":"g:i a","date":"F j, Y","datetime":"F j, Y g:i a","datetimeAbbreviated":"M j, Y g:i a"},"timezone":{"offset":-5,"offsetFormatted":"-5","string":"America\/New_York","abbr":"EST"}} ); /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://avs69.avs.org/wp-includes/js/dist/primitives.min.js?ver=aef2543ab60c8c9bb609" id="wp-primitives-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://avs69.avs.org/wp-includes/js/dist/components.min.js?ver=130172abbae720694b1f" id="wp-components-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://avs69.avs.org/wp-includes/js/dist/keyboard-shortcuts.min.js?ver=32686e58e84193ce808b" id="wp-keyboard-shortcuts-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://avs69.avs.org/wp-includes/js/dist/commands.min.js?ver=33b90579e9a6d83ac03b" id="wp-commands-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://avs69.avs.org/wp-includes/js/dist/notices.min.js?ver=673a68a7ac2f556ed50b" id="wp-notices-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://avs69.avs.org/wp-includes/js/dist/preferences-persistence.min.js?ver=9307a8c9e3254140a223" id="wp-preferences-persistence-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://avs69.avs.org/wp-includes/js/dist/preferences.min.js?ver=945c6cbfe821b3070047" id="wp-preferences-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="wp-preferences-js-after"> /* <![CDATA[ */ ( function() { var serverData = false; var userId = "0"; var persistenceLayer = wp.preferencesPersistence.__unstableCreatePersistenceLayer( serverData, userId ); var preferencesStore = wp.preferences.store; wp.data.dispatch( preferencesStore ).setPersistenceLayer( persistenceLayer ); } ) (); /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://avs69.avs.org/wp-includes/js/dist/style-engine.min.js?ver=08cc10e9532531e22456" id="wp-style-engine-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://avs69.avs.org/wp-includes/js/dist/token-list.min.js?ver=3b5f5dcfde830ecef24f" id="wp-token-list-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://avs69.avs.org/wp-includes/js/dist/wordcount.min.js?ver=55d8c2bf3dc99e7ea5ec" id="wp-wordcount-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://avs69.avs.org/wp-includes/js/dist/block-editor.min.js?ver=28fb4f612c7c613fdd55" id="wp-block-editor-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://avs69.avs.org/wp-includes/js/dist/server-side-render.min.js?ver=1e0f25c205ebeb30bcd2" id="wp-server-side-render-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://avs69.avs.org/wp-content/plugins/logo-showcase-ultimate/build/index.js?ver=6.7.1" id="lcg-gutenberg-js-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://avs69.avs.org/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery.min.js?ver=3.7.1" id="jquery-core-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://avs69.avs.org/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery-migrate.min.js?ver=3.4.1" id="jquery-migrate-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://avs69.avs.org/wp-content/plugins/revslider/public/assets/js/jquery.themepunch.tools.min.js?ver=5.2.6" id="tp-tools-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://avs69.avs.org/wp-content/plugins/revslider/public/assets/js/jquery.themepunch.revolution.min.js?ver=5.2.6" id="revmin-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="track-the-click-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var ajax_var = {"nonce":"a77bb84591"}; var ttc_data = {"proBeacon":""}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://avs69.avs.org/wp-content/plugins/track-the-click/public/js/track-the-click-public.js?ver=0.4.0" id="track-the-click-js" data-noptimize="true" data-no-optimize="1"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="track-the-click-js-after" data-noptimize="true" data-no-optimize="1"> /* <![CDATA[ */ function getHomeURL() {return "https://avs69.avs.org";} function getPostID() {return 3677;} function showClickCounts() {return false;} /* ]]> */ </script> <link rel="https://api.w.org/" href="https://avs69.avs.org/wp-json/"> <link rel="alternate" title="JSON" type="application/json" href="https://avs69.avs.org/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3677"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" title="RSD" href="https://avs69.avs.org/xmlrpc.php?rsd"> <meta name="generator" content="WordPress 6.7.1"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://avs69.avs.org/division-nanoscale-science-and-technology-ns/"> <link rel="shortlink" href="https://avs69.avs.org/?p=3677"> <link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (JSON)" type="application/json+oembed" href="https://avs69.avs.org/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Favs69.avs.org%2Fdivision-nanoscale-science-and-technology-ns%2F"> <link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (XML)" type="text/xml+oembed" href="https://avs69.avs.org/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Favs69.avs.org%2Fdivision-nanoscale-science-and-technology-ns%2F&amp;format=xml"> <style type="text/css">.recentcomments a{display:inline !important;padding:0 !important;margin:0 !important;}</style> <meta name="generator" content="Powered by WPBakery Page Builder - drag and drop page builder for WordPress."> <meta name="generator" content="Powered by Slider Revolution 5.2.6 - responsive, Mobile-Friendly Slider Plugin for WordPress with comfortable drag and drop interface."> <link rel="icon" href="https://avs69.avs.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/cropped-AVS-69-512-x-512-32x32.png" sizes="32x32"> <link rel="icon" href="https://avs69.avs.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/cropped-AVS-69-512-x-512-192x192.png" sizes="192x192"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="https://avs69.avs.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/cropped-AVS-69-512-x-512-180x180.png"> <meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="https://avs69.avs.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/cropped-AVS-69-512-x-512-270x270.png"> <noscript> <style> .wpb_animate_when_almost_visible { opacity: 1; }</style> </noscript> <style id="us-theme-options-css" type="text/css">body {font-family:"Open Sans", sans-serif;font-size:14px;line-height:23px;font-weight:400;}.w-blog-post {font-size:14px;}.w-text.font_main_menu,.w-nav .menu-item-language,.w-nav-item {font-family:"Open Sans", sans-serif;font-weight:400;}h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6,.w-text.font_heading,.w-blog-post.format-quote blockquote,.w-counter-number,.w-pricing-item-price,.w-tabs-item-title,.ult_price_figure,.ult_countdown-amount,.ultb3-box .ultb3-title,.stats-block .stats-desc .stats-number {font-family:"Open Sans", sans-serif;font-weight:400;}h1 {font-size:35px;letter-spacing:0px;text-transform:;}h2 {font-size:29px;letter-spacing:0px;text-transform:;}h3 {font-size:23px;letter-spacing:0px;text-transform:;}h4,.widgettitle,.comment-reply-title,.woocommerce #reviews h2,.woocommerce .related > h2,.woocommerce .upsells > h2,.woocommerce .cross-sells > h2 {font-size:19px;letter-spacing:0px;text-transform:;}h5,.w-blog:not(.cols_1) .w-blog-list .w-blog-post-title {font-size:15px;letter-spacing:0px;text-transform:;}h6 {font-size:13px;letter-spacing:0px;text-transform:;}@media (max-width:767px) {body {font-size:13px;line-height:25px;}.w-blog-post {font-size:13px;}h1 {font-size:25px;}h2 {font-size:21px;}h3 {font-size:17px;}h4,.widgettitle,.comment-reply-title,.woocommerce #reviews h2,.woocommerce .related > h2,.woocommerce .upsells > h2,.woocommerce .cross-sells > h2 {font-size:15px;}h5 {font-size:13px;}h6 {font-size:12px;}}body,.header_hor .l-header.pos_fixed {min-width:1300px;}.l-canvas.type_boxed,.l-canvas.type_boxed .l-subheader,.l-canvas.type_boxed ~ .l-footer .l-subfooter {max-width:1300px;}.header_hor .l-subheader-h,.l-titlebar-h,.l-main-h,.l-section-h,.l-subfooter-h,.w-tabs-section-content-h,.w-blog-post-body {max-width:1140px;}.l-sidebar {width:25%;}.l-content {width:70%;}@media (max-width:767px) {.g-cols > div:not([class*="-xs-"]) {float:none;width:100%;margin:0 0 25px;}.g-cols.offset_none > div,.g-cols > div:last-child,.g-cols > div.vc_col-has-fill {margin-bottom:0;}}@media (min-width:901px) {.header_hor .l-subheader.at_top {line-height:40px;height:40px;}.header_hor .l-header.sticky .l-subheader.at_top {line-height:0px;height:0px;overflow:hidden;}.header_hor .l-subheader.at_middle {line-height:100px;height:100px;}.header_hor .l-header.sticky .l-subheader.at_middle {line-height:50px;height:50px;}.l-subheader.at_bottom { display:none; }.header_hor .l-subheader.at_bottom {line-height:50px;height:50px;}.header_hor .l-header.sticky .l-subheader.at_bottom {line-height:50px;height:50px;}.header_hor .l-header.pos_fixed ~ .l-titlebar,.header_hor .l-canvas.titlebar_none.sidebar_left .l-header.pos_fixed ~ .l-main,.header_hor .l-canvas.titlebar_none.sidebar_right .l-header.pos_fixed ~ .l-main,.header_hor .l-canvas.titlebar_none.sidebar_none .l-header.pos_fixed ~ .l-main .l-section:first-child,.header_hor .l-header.pos_static.bg_transparent ~ .l-titlebar,.header_hor .l-canvas.titlebar_none.sidebar_left .l-header.pos_static.bg_transparent ~ .l-main,.header_hor .l-canvas.titlebar_none.sidebar_right .l-header.pos_static.bg_transparent ~ .l-main,.header_hor .l-canvas.titlebar_none.sidebar_none .l-header.pos_static.bg_transparent ~ .l-main .l-section:first-child {padding-top:140px;}.header_hor .l-header.pos_static.bg_solid + .l-main .l-section.preview_trendy .w-blog-post-preview {top:-140px;}.header_ver {padding-left:300px;position:relative;}.rtl.header_ver {padding-left:0;padding-right:300px;}.header_ver .l-header,.header_ver .l-header .w-cart-notification {width:300px;}.header_ver .l-navigation-item.to_next {left:100px;}.no-touch .header_ver .l-navigation-item.to_next:hover {left:300px;}.rtl.header_ver .l-navigation-item.to_next {right:100px;}.no-touch .rtl.header_ver .l-navigation-item.to_next:hover {right:300px;}.header_ver .w-nav.type_desktop [class*="columns"] .w-nav-list.level_2 {width:calc(100vw - 300px);max-width:980px;}}@media (min-width:601px) and (max-width:900px) {.l-subheader.at_top { display:none; }.header_hor .l-subheader.at_top {line-height:36px;height:36px;}.header_hor .l-header.sticky .l-subheader.at_top {line-height:36px;height:36px;}.header_hor .l-subheader.at_middle {line-height:80px;height:80px;}.header_hor .l-header.sticky .l-subheader.at_middle {line-height:50px;height:50px;}.l-subheader.at_bottom { display:none; }.header_hor .l-subheader.at_bottom {line-height:50px;height:50px;}.header_hor .l-header.sticky .l-subheader.at_bottom {line-height:50px;height:50px;}.header_hor .l-header.pos_fixed ~ .l-titlebar,.header_hor .l-canvas.titlebar_none.sidebar_left .l-header.pos_fixed ~ .l-main,.header_hor .l-canvas.titlebar_none.sidebar_right .l-header.pos_fixed ~ .l-main,.header_hor .l-canvas.titlebar_none.sidebar_none .l-header.pos_fixed ~ .l-main .l-section:first-child,.header_hor .l-header.pos_static.bg_transparent ~ .l-titlebar,.header_hor .l-canvas.titlebar_none.sidebar_left .l-header.pos_static.bg_transparent ~ .l-main,.header_hor .l-canvas.titlebar_none.sidebar_right .l-header.pos_static.bg_transparent ~ .l-main,.header_hor .l-canvas.titlebar_none.sidebar_none .l-header.pos_static.bg_transparent ~ .l-main .l-section:first-child {padding-top:80px;}.header_hor .l-header.pos_static.bg_solid + .l-main .l-section.preview_trendy .w-blog-post-preview {top:-80px;}.header_ver .l-header {width:300px;}}@media (max-width:600px) {.l-subheader.at_top { display:none; }.header_hor .l-subheader.at_top {line-height:36px;height:36px;}.header_hor .l-header.sticky .l-subheader.at_top {line-height:36px;height:36px;}.header_hor .l-subheader.at_middle {line-height:50px;height:50px;}.header_hor .l-header.sticky .l-subheader.at_middle {line-height:50px;height:50px;}.l-subheader.at_bottom { display:none; }.header_hor .l-subheader.at_bottom {line-height:50px;height:50px;}.header_hor .l-header.sticky .l-subheader.at_bottom {line-height:50px;height:50px;}.header_hor .l-header.pos_fixed ~ .l-titlebar,.header_hor .l-canvas.titlebar_none.sidebar_left .l-header.pos_fixed ~ .l-main,.header_hor .l-canvas.titlebar_none.sidebar_right .l-header.pos_fixed ~ .l-main,.header_hor .l-canvas.titlebar_none.sidebar_none .l-header.pos_fixed ~ .l-main .l-section:first-child,.header_hor .l-header.pos_static.bg_transparent ~ .l-titlebar,.header_hor .l-canvas.titlebar_none.sidebar_left .l-header.pos_static.bg_transparent ~ .l-main,.header_hor .l-canvas.titlebar_none.sidebar_right .l-header.pos_static.bg_transparent ~ .l-main,.header_hor .l-canvas.titlebar_none.sidebar_none .l-header.pos_static.bg_transparent ~ .l-main .l-section:first-child {padding-top:50px;}.header_hor .l-header.pos_static.bg_solid + .l-main .l-section.preview_trendy .w-blog-post-preview {top:-50px;}}@media (min-width:901px) {.ush_image_1 { height:35px; }.l-header.sticky .ush_image_1 { height:35px; }}@media (min-width:601px) and (max-width:900px) {.ush_image_1 { height:30px; }.l-header.sticky .ush_image_1 { height:30px; }}@media (max-width:600px) {.ush_image_1 { height:20px; }.l-header.sticky .ush_image_1 { height:20px; }}@media (min-width:901px) {.ush_image_2 { height:55px; }.l-header.sticky .ush_image_2 { height:55px; }}@media (min-width:601px) and (max-width:900px) {.ush_image_2 { height:30px; }.l-header.sticky .ush_image_2 { height:30px; }}@media (max-width:600px) {.ush_image_2 { height:20px; }.l-header.sticky .ush_image_2 { height:20px; }}.ush_text_2 .w-text-value { color:; }@media (min-width:901px) {.ush_text_2 { font-size:13px; }}@media (min-width:601px) and (max-width:900px) {.ush_text_2 { font-size:13px; }}@media (max-width:600px) {.ush_text_2 { font-size:13px; }}.ush_text_2 { white-space:nowrap; }.ush_text_4 .w-text-value { color:; }@media (min-width:901px) {.ush_text_4 { font-size:13px; }}@media (min-width:601px) and (max-width:900px) {.ush_text_4 { font-size:13px; }}@media (max-width:600px) {.ush_text_4 { font-size:13px; }}.ush_text_4 { white-space:nowrap; }.header_hor .ush_menu_1.type_desktop .w-nav-list.level_1 > .menu-item > a {padding:0 20px;}.header_ver .ush_menu_1.type_desktop {line-height:40px;}.ush_menu_1.type_desktop .btn.w-nav-item.level_1 > .w-nav-anchor {margin:10px;}.ush_menu_1.type_desktop .w-nav-list.level_1 > .menu-item > a,.ush_menu_1.type_desktop [class*="columns"] .menu-item-has-children .w-nav-anchor.level_2 {font-size:16px;}.ush_menu_1.type_desktop .submenu-languages .menu-item-language > a,.ush_menu_1.type_desktop .w-nav-anchor:not(.level_1) {font-size:15px;}.ush_menu_1.type_mobile .w-nav-anchor.level_1 {font-size:15px;}.ush_menu_1.type_mobile .menu-item-language > a,.ush_menu_1.type_mobile .w-nav-anchor:not(.level_1) {font-size:14px;}@media (min-width:901px) {.ush_socials_1 {font-size:18px;}}@media (min-width:601px) and (max-width:900px) {.ush_socials_1 {font-size:18px;}}@media (max-width:600px) {.ush_socials_1 {font-size:18px;}}.ush_socials_1 .custom .w-socials-item-link-hover {background-color:#1abc9c;}.ush_socials_1.style_colored .custom .w-socials-item-link {color:#1abc9c;}html {background-color:#eeeeee;}.l-subheader.at_top,.l-subheader.at_top .w-dropdown-list,.header_hor .l-subheader.at_top .type_mobile .w-nav-list.level_1 {background-color:#f5f5f5;}.l-subheader.at_top,.l-subheader.at_top .w-dropdown.active,.header_hor .l-subheader.at_top .type_mobile .w-nav-list.level_1 {color:#999999;}.no-touch .l-subheader.at_top a:hover,.no-touch .l-subheader.at_top .w-cart-quantity,.no-touch .l-header.bg_transparent .l-subheader.at_top .w-dropdown.active a:hover {color:#113e7c;}.header_ver .l-header,.header_hor .l-subheader.at_middle,.l-subheader.at_middle .w-dropdown-list,.header_hor .l-subheader.at_middle .type_mobile .w-nav-list.level_1 {background-color:#ffffff;}.l-subheader.at_middle,.l-subheader.at_middle .w-dropdown.active,.header_hor .l-subheader.at_middle .type_mobile .w-nav-list.level_1 {color:#666666;}.no-touch .l-subheader.at_middle a:hover,.no-touch .l-subheader.at_middle .w-cart-quantity,.no-touch .l-header.bg_transparent .l-subheader.at_middle .w-dropdown.active a:hover {color:#624976;}.l-subheader.at_bottom,.l-subheader.at_bottom .w-dropdown-list,.header_hor .l-subheader.at_bottom .type_mobile .w-nav-list.level_1 {background-color:#f5f5f5;}.l-subheader.at_bottom,.l-subheader.at_bottom .w-dropdown.active,.header_hor .l-subheader.at_bottom .type_mobile .w-nav-list.level_1 {color:#999999;}.no-touch .l-subheader.at_bottom a:hover,.no-touch .l-subheader.at_bottom .w-cart-quantity,.no-touch .l-header.bg_transparent .l-subheader.at_bottom .w-dropdown.active a:hover {color:#113e7c;}.l-header.bg_transparent:not(.sticky) .l-subheader {color:#ffffff;}.no-touch .l-header.bg_transparent:not(.sticky) a:not(.w-nav-anchor):hover,.no-touch .l-header.bg_transparent:not(.sticky) .type_desktop .menu-item-language > a:hover,.no-touch .l-header.bg_transparent:not(.sticky) .type_desktop .menu-item-language:hover > a,.no-touch .l-header.bg_transparent:not(.sticky) .type_desktop .w-nav-item.level_1:hover > .w-nav-anchor {color:#ffffff;}.l-header.bg_transparent:not(.sticky) .w-nav-title:after {background-color:#ffffff;}.w-search-form {background-color:#113e7c;color:#ffffff;}.w-search.layout_fullscreen .w-search-form:before {background-color:#113e7c;}.no-touch .w-nav.type_desktop .menu-item-language:hover > a,.no-touch .w-nav-item.level_1:hover > .w-nav-anchor {background-color:#fcc808;color:#624976;}.w-nav-title:after {background-color:#624976;}.w-nav-item.level_1.current-menu-item > .w-nav-anchor,.w-nav-item.level_1.current-menu-parent > .w-nav-anchor,.w-nav-item.level_1.current-menu-ancestor > .w-nav-anchor {background-color:;color:#624976;}.l-header.bg_transparent:not(.sticky) .type_desktop .w-nav-item.level_1.current-menu-item > .w-nav-anchor,.l-header.bg_transparent:not(.sticky) .type_desktop .w-nav-item.level_1.current-menu-ancestor > .w-nav-anchor {color:#624976;}.w-nav.type_desktop .submenu-languages,.w-nav-list:not(.level_1) {background-color:#ffffff;color:#666666;}.no-touch .w-nav.type_desktop .submenu-languages .menu-item-language:hover > a,.no-touch .w-nav-item:not(.level_1):hover > .w-nav-anchor {background-color:#624976;color:#ffffff;}.w-nav-item:not(.level_1).current-menu-item > .w-nav-anchor,.w-nav-item:not(.level_1).current-menu-parent > .w-nav-anchor,.w-nav-item:not(.level_1).current-menu-ancestor > .w-nav-anchor {background-color:;color:#cd5884;}.btn.w-menu-item,.btn.w-nav-item .w-nav-anchor.level_1 {background-color:#cd5884 !important;color:#ffffff !important;}.no-touch .btn.w-menu-item:hover,.no-touch .btn.w-nav-item .w-nav-anchor.level_1:before {background-color:#624976 !important;}.no-touch .btn.w-menu-item:hover,.no-touch .btn.w-nav-item .w-nav-anchor.level_1:hover {color:#ffffff !important;}.l-preloader,.l-canvas,.w-blog.layout_flat .w-blog-post-h,.w-blog.layout_cards .w-blog-post-h,.w-cart-dropdown,.g-filters.style_1 .g-filters-item.active,.no-touch .g-filters-item.active:hover,.w-tabs.layout_default .w-tabs-item.active,.w-tabs.layout_ver .w-tabs-item.active,.no-touch .w-tabs.layout_default .w-tabs-item.active:hover,.no-touch .w-tabs.layout_ver .w-tabs-item.active:hover,.w-tabs.layout_timeline .w-tabs-item,.w-tabs.layout_timeline .w-tabs-section-header-h,.no-touch #lang_sel ul ul a:hover,.no-touch #lang_sel_click ul ul a:hover,#lang_sel_footer,.us-woo-shop_modern .product-h,.us-woo-shop_modern .product-meta,.woocommerce-tabs .tabs li.active,.no-touch .woocommerce-tabs .tabs li.active:hover,.woocommerce .stars span:after,.woocommerce .stars span a:after,.woocommerce .shipping-calculator-form,.woocommerce #payment .payment_box,#bbp-user-navigation li.current,.gform_wrapper .chosen-container-single .chosen-search input[type="text"],.gform_wrapper .chosen-container-multi .chosen-choices li.search-choice {background-color:#ffffff;}.woocommerce #payment .payment_methods li > input:checked + label,.woocommerce .blockUI.blockOverlay {background-color:#ffffff !important;}.w-tabs.layout_modern .w-tabs-item:after {border-bottom-color:#ffffff;}a.w-btn.color_contrast,.w-btn.color_contrast,.no-touch a.w-btn.color_contrast:hover,.no-touch .w-btn.color_contrast:hover,.no-touch a.w-btn.color_contrast.style_outlined:hover,.no-touch .w-btn.color_contrast.style_outlined:hover,.w-iconbox.style_circle.color_contrast .w-iconbox-icon,.tribe-events-calendar thead th {color:#ffffff;}input,textarea,select,.l-section.for_blogpost .w-blog-post-preview,.w-actionbox.color_light,.g-filters.style_1,.g-filters.style_2 .g-filters-item.active,.w-iconbox.style_circle.color_light .w-iconbox-icon,.g-loadmore-btn,.w-pricing-item-header,.w-progbar-bar,.w-progbar.style_3 .w-progbar-bar:before,.w-progbar.style_3 .w-progbar-bar-count,.w-tabs.layout_default .w-tabs-list,.w-tabs.layout_ver .w-tabs-list,.w-testimonial.style_4:before,.no-touch .l-main .widget_nav_menu a:hover,.l-content .wp-caption-text,#lang_sel a,#lang_sel_click a,.smile-icon-timeline-wrap .timeline-wrapper .timeline-block,.smile-icon-timeline-wrap .timeline-feature-item.feat-item,.woocommerce .quantity .plus,.woocommerce .quantity .minus,.no-touch .us-woo-shop_modern .product-h .button,.select2-container a.select2-choice,.select2-drop .select2-search input,.woocommerce-tabs .tabs,.woocommerce .cart_totals,.woocommerce-checkout #order_review,.woocommerce ul.order_details,#subscription-toggle,#favorite-toggle,#bbp-user-navigation,.tablepress .row-hover tr:hover td,.tribe-bar-views-list,.tribe-events-day-time-slot h5,.tribe-events-present,.tribe-events-single-section,.gform_wrapper .chosen-container-single .chosen-single,.gform_wrapper .chosen-container .chosen-drop,.gform_wrapper .chosen-container-multi .chosen-choices {background-color:#f5f5f5;}.timeline-wrapper .timeline-post-right .ult-timeline-arrow l,.timeline-wrapper .timeline-post-left .ult-timeline-arrow l,.timeline-feature-item.feat-item .ult-timeline-arrow l {border-color:#f5f5f5;}hr,td,th,.l-section,.g-cols > div,.w-author,.w-comments-list,.w-pricing-item-h,.w-profile,.w-separator,.w-sharing-item,.w-tabs-list,.w-tabs-section,.w-tabs-section-header:before,.w-tabs.layout_timeline.accordion .w-tabs-section-content,.g-tags > a,.w-testimonial.style_1,.widget_calendar #calendar_wrap,.l-main .widget_nav_menu > div,.l-main .widget_nav_menu .menu-item a,.widget_nav_menu .menu-item.menu-item-has-children + .menu-item > a,.select2-container a.select2-choice,.smile-icon-timeline-wrap .timeline-line,.woocommerce .login,.woocommerce .checkout_coupon,.woocommerce .register,.woocommerce .cart.variations_form,.woocommerce .commentlist .comment-text,.woocommerce .comment-respond,.woocommerce .related,.woocommerce .upsells,.woocommerce .cross-sells,.woocommerce .checkout #order_review,.widget_price_filter .ui-slider-handle,.widget_layered_nav ul,.widget_layered_nav ul li,#bbpress-forums fieldset,.bbp-login-form fieldset,#bbpress-forums .bbp-body > ul,#bbpress-forums li.bbp-header,.bbp-replies .bbp-body,div.bbp-forum-header,div.bbp-topic-header,div.bbp-reply-header,.bbp-pagination-links a,.bbp-pagination-links span.current,span.bbp-topic-pagination a.page-numbers,.bbp-logged-in,.tribe-events-list-separator-month span:before,.tribe-events-list-separator-month span:after,.type-tribe_events + .type-tribe_events,.gform_wrapper .gsection,.gform_wrapper .gf_page_steps,.gform_wrapper li.gfield_creditcard_warning,.form_saved_message {border-color:#e8e8e8;}.w-separator,.w-iconbox.color_light .w-iconbox-icon,.w-testimonial.style_3 .w-testimonial-text:after,.w-testimonial.style_3 .w-testimonial-text:before {color:#e8e8e8;}a.w-btn.color_light,.w-btn.color_light,.w-btn.color_light.style_outlined:before,.w-btn.w-blog-post-more:before,.w-iconbox.style_circle.color_light .w-iconbox-icon,.no-touch .g-loadmore-btn:hover,.woocommerce .button,.no-touch .woocommerce .quantity .plus:hover,.no-touch .woocommerce .quantity .minus:hover,.no-touch .woocommerce #payment .payment_methods li > label:hover,.widget_price_filter .ui-slider,#tribe-bar-collapse-toggle,.gform_wrapper .gform_page_footer .gform_previous_button {background-color:#e8e8e8;}a.w-btn.color_light.style_outlined,.w-btn.color_light.style_outlined,.w-btn.w-blog-post-more,.w-iconbox.style_outlined.color_light .w-iconbox-icon,.w-person-links-item,.w-socials-item-link,.pagination .page-numbers {box-shadow:0 0 0 2px #e8e8e8 inset;}.w-tabs.layout_trendy .w-tabs-list {box-shadow:0 -1px 0 #e8e8e8 inset;}h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6,.w-counter-number,.w-pricing-item-header,.gform_wrapper .chosen-container-single .chosen-single {color:#624976;}.w-progbar.color_contrast .w-progbar-bar-h {background-color:#624976;}input,textarea,select,.l-canvas,a.w-btn.color_contrast.style_outlined,.w-btn.color_contrast.style_outlined,.w-cart-dropdown,.w-form-row-field:before,.w-iconbox.color_contrast .w-iconbox-icon,.w-iconbox.color_light.style_circle .w-iconbox-icon,.w-tabs.layout_timeline .w-tabs-item,.w-tabs.layout_timeline .w-tabs-section-header-h,.woocommerce .button {color:#2b2b2b;}a.w-btn.color_light,.w-btn.color_light,.w-btn.w-blog-post-more {color:#2b2b2b !important;}a.w-btn.color_contrast,.w-btn.color_contrast,.w-btn.color_contrast.style_outlined:before,.w-iconbox.style_circle.color_contrast .w-iconbox-icon,.tribe-mobile #tribe-events-footer a,.tribe-events-calendar thead th {background-color:#2b2b2b;}.tribe-events-calendar thead th {border-color:#2b2b2b;}a.w-btn.color_contrast.style_outlined,.w-btn.color_contrast.style_outlined,.w-iconbox.style_outlined.color_contrast .w-iconbox-icon {box-shadow:0 0 0 2px #2b2b2b inset;}a {color:#cd5884;}.no-touch a:hover,.no-touch a:hover + .w-blog-post-body .w-blog-post-title a,.no-touch .w-blog-post-title a:hover {color:#624976;}.no-touch .w-cart-dropdown a:not(.button):hover {color:#624976 !important;}.highlight_primary,.l-preloader,.no-touch .l-titlebar .g-nav-item:hover,a.w-btn.color_primary.style_outlined,.w-btn.color_primary.style_outlined,.l-main .w-contacts-item:before,.w-counter.color_primary .w-counter-number,.g-filters-item.active,.no-touch .g-filters.style_1 .g-filters-item.active:hover,.no-touch .g-filters.style_2 .g-filters-item.active:hover,.w-form-row.focused .w-form-row-field:before,.w-iconbox.color_primary .w-iconbox-icon,.no-touch .w-iconbox-link:hover .w-iconbox-title,.no-touch .w-logos .owl-prev:hover,.no-touch .w-logos .owl-next:hover,.w-separator.color_primary,.w-sharing.type_outlined.color_primary .w-sharing-item,.no-touch .w-sharing.type_simple.color_primary .w-sharing-item:hover .w-sharing-icon,.w-tabs.layout_default .w-tabs-item.active,.w-tabs.layout_trendy .w-tabs-item.active,.w-tabs.layout_ver .w-tabs-item.active,.w-tabs-section.active .w-tabs-section-header,.no-touch .g-tags > a:hover,.w-testimonial.style_2:before,.woocommerce .products .product .button,.woocommerce .star-rating span:before,.woocommerce-tabs .tabs li.active,.no-touch .woocommerce-tabs .tabs li.active:hover,.woocommerce .stars span a:after,.woocommerce #payment .payment_methods li > input:checked + label,#subscription-toggle span.is-subscribed:before,#favorite-toggle span.is-favorite:before {color:#fcc808;}.l-section.color_primary,.l-titlebar.color_primary,.no-touch .l-navigation-item:hover .l-navigation-item-arrow,.highlight_primary_bg,.w-actionbox.color_primary,.w-blog-post-preview-icon,.w-blog.layout_cards .format-quote .w-blog-post-h,button,input[type="submit"],a.w-btn.color_primary,.w-btn.color_primary,.w-btn.color_primary.style_outlined:before,.no-touch .g-filters-item:hover,.w-iconbox.style_circle.color_primary .w-iconbox-icon,.no-touch .w-iconbox.style_circle .w-iconbox-icon:before,.no-touch .w-iconbox.style_outlined .w-iconbox-icon:before,.no-touch .w-person-links,.w-pricing-item.type_featured .w-pricing-item-header,.w-progbar.color_primary .w-progbar-bar-h,.w-sharing.type_solid.color_primary .w-sharing-item,.w-sharing.type_fixed.color_primary .w-sharing-item,.w-sharing.type_outlined.color_primary .w-sharing-item:before,.w-tabs.layout_modern .w-tabs-list,.w-tabs.layout_trendy .w-tabs-item:after,.w-tabs.layout_timeline .w-tabs-item:before,.w-tabs.layout_timeline .w-tabs-section-header-h:before,.no-touch .w-header-show:hover,.no-touch .w-toplink.active:hover,.no-touch .pagination .page-numbers:before,.pagination .page-numbers.current,.l-main .widget_nav_menu .menu-item.current-menu-item > a,.rsDefault .rsThumb.rsNavSelected,.no-touch .tp-leftarrow.tparrows.custom:before,.no-touch .tp-rightarrow.tparrows.custom:before,.smile-icon-timeline-wrap .timeline-separator-text .sep-text,.smile-icon-timeline-wrap .timeline-wrapper .timeline-dot,.smile-icon-timeline-wrap .timeline-feature-item .timeline-dot,.tablepress .sorting:hover,.tablepress .sorting_asc,.tablepress .sorting_desc,p.demo_store,.woocommerce .button.alt,.woocommerce .button.checkout,.woocommerce .products .product .button.loading,.no-touch .woocommerce .products .product .button:hover,.woocommerce .onsale,.widget_price_filter .ui-slider-range,.widget_layered_nav ul li.chosen,.widget_layered_nav_filters ul li a,.no-touch .bbp-pagination-links a:hover,.bbp-pagination-links span.current,.no-touch span.bbp-topic-pagination a.page-numbers:hover,.tribe-events-calendar td.mobile-active,.tribe-events-button,.datepicker td.day.active,.datepicker td span.active,.gform_wrapper .gform_page_footer .gform_next_button,.gform_wrapper .gf_progressbar_percentage,.gform_wrapper .chosen-container .chosen-results li.highlighted,.l-body .cl-btn {background-color:#fcc808;}.l-content blockquote,.no-touch .l-titlebar .g-nav-item:hover,.g-filters.style_3 .g-filters-item.active,.no-touch .w-logos .owl-prev:hover,.no-touch .w-logos .owl-next:hover,.no-touch .w-logos.style_1 .w-logos-item:hover,.w-separator.color_primary,.w-tabs.layout_default .w-tabs-item.active,.w-tabs.layout_ver .w-tabs-item.active,.no-touch .g-tags > a:hover,.no-touch .w-testimonial.style_1:hover,.l-main .widget_nav_menu .menu-item.current-menu-item > a,.woocommerce-tabs .tabs li.active,.no-touch .woocommerce-tabs .tabs li.active:hover,.widget_layered_nav ul li.chosen,.bbp-pagination-links span.current,.no-touch #bbpress-forums .bbp-pagination-links a:hover,.no-touch #bbpress-forums .bbp-topic-pagination a:hover,#bbp-user-navigation li.current {border-color:#fcc808;}a.w-btn.color_primary.style_outlined,.w-btn.color_primary.style_outlined,.l-main .w-contacts-item:before,.w-iconbox.color_primary.style_outlined .w-iconbox-icon,.w-sharing.type_outlined.color_primary .w-sharing-item,.w-tabs.layout_timeline .w-tabs-item,.w-tabs.layout_timeline .w-tabs-section-header-h,.woocommerce .products .product .button {box-shadow:0 0 0 2px #fcc808 inset;}input:focus,textarea:focus,select:focus {box-shadow:0 0 0 2px #fcc808;}.highlight_secondary,.no-touch .w-blognav-prev:hover .w-blognav-title,.no-touch .w-blognav-next:hover .w-blognav-title,a.w-btn.color_secondary.style_outlined,.w-btn.color_secondary.style_outlined,.w-counter.color_secondary .w-counter-number,.w-iconbox.color_secondary .w-iconbox-icon,.w-separator.color_secondary,.w-sharing.type_outlined.color_secondary .w-sharing-item,.no-touch .w-sharing.type_simple.color_secondary .w-sharing-item:hover .w-sharing-icon {color:#cd5884;}.l-section.color_secondary,.l-titlebar.color_secondary,.highlight_secondary_bg,.no-touch .w-blog.layout_cards .w-blog-post-meta-category a:hover,.no-touch .w-blog.layout_tiles .w-blog-post-meta-category a:hover,.no-touch .l-section.preview_trendy .w-blog-post-meta-category a:hover,.no-touch input[type="submit"]:hover,a.w-btn.color_secondary,.w-btn.color_secondary,.w-btn.color_secondary.style_outlined:before,.w-actionbox.color_secondary,.w-iconbox.style_circle.color_secondary .w-iconbox-icon,.w-progbar.color_secondary .w-progbar-bar-h,.w-sharing.type_solid.color_secondary .w-sharing-item,.w-sharing.type_fixed.color_secondary .w-sharing-item,.w-sharing.type_outlined.color_secondary .w-sharing-item:before,.no-touch .woocommerce input[type="submit"]:hover,.no-touch .woocommerce .button:not([disabled]):hover,.no-touch .woocommerce .product-remove a.remove:hover,.no-touch .tribe-events-button:hover,.no-touch .widget_layered_nav_filters ul li a:hover {background-color:#cd5884;}.w-separator.color_secondary {border-color:#cd5884;}a.w-btn.color_secondary.style_outlined,.w-btn.color_secondary.style_outlined,.w-iconbox.color_secondary.style_outlined .w-iconbox-icon,.w-sharing.type_outlined.color_secondary .w-sharing-item {box-shadow:0 0 0 2px #cd5884 inset;}.highlight_faded,.w-author-url,.w-blog-post-meta > *,.w-profile-link.for_logout,.w-testimonial-person-meta,.w-testimonial.style_4:before,.l-main .widget_tag_cloud,.l-main .widget_product_tag_cloud,.woocommerce-breadcrumb,.woocommerce .star-rating:before,.woocommerce .stars span:after,p.bbp-topic-meta,.bbp_widget_login .logout-link {color:#999999;}.w-blog.layout_latest .w-blog-post-meta-date {border-color:#999999;}.tribe-events-cost,.tribe-events-list .tribe-events-event-cost {background-color:#999999;}.l-section.color_alternate,.l-titlebar.color_alternate,.color_alternate .g-filters.style_1 .g-filters-item.active,.no-touch .color_alternate .g-filters-item.active:hover,.color_alternate .w-tabs.layout_default .w-tabs-item.active,.no-touch .color_alternate .w-tabs.layout_default .w-tabs-item.active:hover,.color_alternate .w-tabs.layout_ver .w-tabs-item.active,.no-touch .color_alternate .w-tabs.layout_ver .w-tabs-item.active:hover,.color_alternate .w-tabs.layout_timeline .w-tabs-item,.color_alternate .w-tabs.layout_timeline .w-tabs-section-header-h {background-color:#f5f5f5;}.color_alternate a.w-btn.color_contrast,.color_alternate .w-btn.color_contrast,.no-touch .color_alternate a.w-btn.color_contrast:hover,.no-touch .color_alternate .w-btn.color_contrast:hover,.no-touch .color_alternate a.w-btn.color_contrast.style_outlined:hover,.no-touch .color_alternate .w-btn.color_contrast.style_outlined:hover,.color_alternate .w-iconbox.style_circle.color_contrast .w-iconbox-icon {color:#f5f5f5;}.color_alternate .w-tabs.layout_modern .w-tabs-item:after {border-bottom-color:#f5f5f5;}.color_alternate input,.color_alternate textarea,.color_alternate select,.color_alternate .w-blog-post-preview-icon,.color_alternate .w-blog.layout_flat .w-blog-post-h,.color_alternate .w-blog.layout_cards .w-blog-post-h,.color_alternate .g-filters.style_1,.color_alternate .g-filters.style_2 .g-filters-item.active,.color_alternate .w-iconbox.style_circle.color_light .w-iconbox-icon,.color_alternate .g-loadmore-btn,.color_alternate .w-pricing-item-header,.color_alternate .w-progbar-bar,.color_alternate .w-tabs.layout_default .w-tabs-list,.color_alternate .w-testimonial.style_4:before,.l-content .color_alternate .wp-caption-text {background-color:#ffffff;}.l-section.color_alternate,.l-section.color_alternate hr,.l-section.color_alternate th,.l-section.color_alternate td,.color_alternate .g-cols > div,.color_alternate .w-blog-post,.color_alternate .w-comments-list,.color_alternate .w-pricing-item-h,.color_alternate .w-profile,.color_alternate .w-separator,.color_alternate .w-tabs-list,.color_alternate .w-tabs-section,.color_alternate .w-tabs-section-header:before,.color_alternate .w-tabs.layout_timeline.accordion .w-tabs-section-content,.color_alternate .w-testimonial.style_1 {border-color:#dddddd;}.color_alternate .w-separator,.color_alternate .w-iconbox.color_light .w-iconbox-icon,.color_alternate .w-testimonial.style_3 .w-testimonial-text:after,.color_alternate .w-testimonial.style_3 .w-testimonial-text:before {color:#dddddd;}.color_alternate a.w-btn.color_light,.color_alternate .w-btn.color_light,.color_alternate .w-btn.color_light.style_outlined:before,.color_alternate .w-btn.w-blog-post-more:before,.color_alternate .w-iconbox.style_circle.color_light .w-iconbox-icon,.no-touch .color_alternate .g-loadmore-btn:hover {background-color:#dddddd;}.color_alternate a.w-btn.color_light.style_outlined,.color_alternate .w-btn.color_light.style_outlined,.color_alternate .w-btn.w-blog-post-more,.color_alternate .w-iconbox.style_outlined.color_light .w-iconbox-icon,.color_alternate .w-person-links-item,.color_alternate .w-socials-item-link,.color_alternate .pagination .page-numbers {box-shadow:0 0 0 2px #dddddd inset;}.color_alternate .w-tabs.layout_trendy .w-tabs-list {box-shadow:0 -1px 0 #dddddd inset;}.color_alternate h1,.color_alternate h2,.color_alternate h3,.color_alternate h4,.color_alternate h5,.color_alternate h6,.color_alternate .w-counter-number,.color_alternate .w-pricing-item-header {color:#444444;}.color_alternate .w-progbar.color_contrast .w-progbar-bar-h {background-color:#444444;}.l-titlebar.color_alternate,.l-section.color_alternate,.color_alternate input,.color_alternate textarea,.color_alternate select,.color_alternate a.w-btn.color_contrast.style_outlined,.color_alternate .w-btn.color_contrast.style_outlined,.color_alternate .w-form-row-field:before,.color_alternate .w-iconbox.color_contrast .w-iconbox-icon,.color_alternate .w-iconbox.color_light.style_circle .w-iconbox-icon,.color_alternate .w-tabs.layout_timeline .w-tabs-item,.color_alternate .w-tabs.layout_timeline .w-tabs-section-header-h {color:#666666;}.color_alternate a.w-btn.color_light,.color_alternate .w-btn.color_light,.color_alternate .w-btn.w-blog-post-more {color:#666666 !important;}.color_alternate a.w-btn.color_contrast,.color_alternate .w-btn.color_contrast,.color_alternate .w-btn.color_contrast.style_outlined:before,.color_alternate .w-iconbox.style_circle.color_contrast .w-iconbox-icon {background-color:#666666;}.color_alternate a.w-btn.color_contrast.style_outlined,.color_alternate .w-btn.color_contrast.style_outlined,.color_alternate .w-iconbox.style_outlined.color_contrast .w-iconbox-icon {box-shadow:0 0 0 2px #666666 inset;}.color_alternate a {color:#624976;}.no-touch .color_alternate a:hover,.no-touch .color_alternate a:hover + .w-blog-post-body .w-blog-post-title a,.no-touch .color_alternate .w-blog-post-title a:hover {color:#cd5884;}.color_alternate .highlight_primary,.no-touch .l-titlebar.color_alternate .g-nav-item:hover,.color_alternate a.w-btn.color_primary.style_outlined,.color_alternate .w-btn.color_primary.style_outlined,.l-main .color_alternate .w-contacts-item:before,.color_alternate .w-counter.color_primary .w-counter-number,.color_alternate .g-filters-item.active,.no-touch .color_alternate .g-filters-item.active:hover,.color_alternate .w-form-row.focused .w-form-row-field:before,.color_alternate .w-iconbox.color_primary .w-iconbox-icon,.no-touch .color_alternate .w-iconbox-link:hover .w-iconbox-title,.no-touch .color_alternate .w-logos .owl-prev:hover,.no-touch .color_alternate .w-logos .owl-next:hover,.color_alternate .w-separator.color_primary,.color_alternate .w-tabs.layout_default .w-tabs-item.active,.color_alternate .w-tabs.layout_trendy .w-tabs-item.active,.color_alternate .w-tabs.layout_ver .w-tabs-item.active,.color_alternate .w-tabs-section.active .w-tabs-section-header,.color_alternate .w-testimonial.style_2:before {color:#cd5884;}.color_alternate .highlight_primary_bg,.color_alternate .w-actionbox.color_primary,.color_alternate .w-blog-post-preview-icon,.color_alternate .w-blog.layout_cards .format-quote .w-blog-post-h,.color_alternate button,.color_alternate input[type="submit"],.color_alternate a.w-btn.color_primary,.color_alternate .w-btn.color_primary,.color_alternate .w-btn.color_primary.style_outlined:before,.no-touch .color_alternate .g-filters-item:hover,.color_alternate .w-iconbox.style_circle.color_primary .w-iconbox-icon,.no-touch .color_alternate .w-iconbox.style_circle .w-iconbox-icon:before,.no-touch .color_alternate .w-iconbox.style_outlined .w-iconbox-icon:before,.no-touch .color_alternate .w-person-links,.color_alternate .w-pricing-item.type_featured .w-pricing-item-header,.color_alternate .w-progbar.color_primary .w-progbar-bar-h,.color_alternate .w-tabs.layout_modern .w-tabs-list,.color_alternate .w-tabs.layout_trendy .w-tabs-item:after,.color_alternate .w-tabs.layout_timeline .w-tabs-item:before,.color_alternate .w-tabs.layout_timeline .w-tabs-section-header-h:before,.no-touch .color_alternate .pagination .page-numbers:before,.color_alternate .pagination .page-numbers.current {background-color:#cd5884;}.l-content .color_alternate blockquote,.no-touch .l-titlebar.color_alternate .g-nav-item:hover,.color_alternate .g-filters.style_3 .g-filters-item.active,.no-touch .color_alternate .w-logos .owl-prev:hover,.no-touch .color_alternate .w-logos .owl-next:hover,.no-touch .color_alternate .w-logos.style_1 .w-logos-item:hover,.color_alternate .w-separator.color_primary,.color_alternate .w-tabs.layout_default .w-tabs-item.active,.color_alternate .w-tabs.layout_ver .w-tabs-item.active,.no-touch .color_alternate .w-tabs.layout_default .w-tabs-item.active:hover,.no-touch .color_alternate .w-tabs.layout_ver .w-tabs-item.active:hover,.no-touch .color_alternate .g-tags > a:hover,.no-touch .color_alternate .w-testimonial.style_1:hover {border-color:#cd5884;}.color_alternate a.w-btn.color_primary.style_outlined,.color_alternate .w-btn.color_primary.style_outlined,.l-main .color_alternate .w-contacts-item:before,.color_alternate .w-iconbox.color_primary.style_outlined .w-iconbox-icon,.color_alternate .w-tabs.layout_timeline .w-tabs-item,.color_alternate .w-tabs.layout_timeline .w-tabs-section-header-h {box-shadow:0 0 0 2px #cd5884 inset;}.color_alternate input:focus,.color_alternate textarea:focus,.color_alternate select:focus {box-shadow:0 0 0 2px #cd5884;}.color_alternate .highlight_secondary,.color_alternate a.w-btn.color_secondary.style_outlined,.color_alternate .w-btn.color_secondary.style_outlined,.color_alternate .w-counter.color_secondary .w-counter-number,.color_alternate .w-iconbox.color_secondary .w-iconbox-icon,.color_alternate .w-separator.color_secondary {color:#624976;}.color_alternate .highlight_secondary_bg,.no-touch .color_alternate input[type="submit"]:hover,.color_alternate a.w-btn.color_secondary,.color_alternate .w-btn.color_secondary,.color_alternate .w-btn.color_secondary.style_outlined:before,.color_alternate .w-actionbox.color_secondary,.color_alternate .w-iconbox.style_circle.color_secondary .w-iconbox-icon,.color_alternate .w-progbar.color_secondary .w-progbar-bar-h {background-color:#624976;}.color_alternate .w-separator.color_secondary {border-color:#624976;}.color_alternate a.w-btn.color_secondary.style_outlined,.color_alternate .w-btn.color_secondary.style_outlined,.color_alternate .w-iconbox.color_secondary.style_outlined .w-iconbox-icon {box-shadow:0 0 0 2px #624976 inset;}.color_alternate .highlight_faded,.color_alternate .w-blog-post-meta > *,.color_alternate .w-profile-link.for_logout,.color_alternate .w-testimonial-person-meta,.color_alternate .w-testimonial.style_4:before {color:#999999;}.color_alternate .w-blog.layout_latest .w-blog-post-meta-date {border-color:#999999;}.l-subfooter.at_top,.no-touch .l-subfooter.at_top #lang_sel ul ul a:hover,.no-touch .l-subfooter.at_top #lang_sel_click ul ul a:hover {background-color:#624976;}.l-subfooter.at_top input,.l-subfooter.at_top textarea,.l-subfooter.at_top select,.no-touch .l-subfooter.at_top #lang_sel a,.no-touch .l-subfooter.at_top #lang_sel_click a {background-color:#222222;}.l-subfooter.at_top,.l-subfooter.at_top .w-profile,.l-subfooter.at_top .widget_calendar #calendar_wrap {border-color:#222222;}.l-subfooter.at_top .w-socials-item-link {box-shadow:0 0 0 2px #222222 inset;}.l-subfooter.at_top h1,.l-subfooter.at_top h2,.l-subfooter.at_top h3,.l-subfooter.at_top h4,.l-subfooter.at_top h5,.l-subfooter.at_top h6,.l-subfooter.at_top input,.l-subfooter.at_top textarea,.l-subfooter.at_top select,.l-subfooter.at_top .w-form-row-field:before {color:#ffffff;}.l-subfooter.at_top {color:#ffffff;}.l-subfooter.at_top a,.l-subfooter.at_top .widget_tag_cloud .tagcloud a,.l-subfooter.at_top .widget_product_tag_cloud .tagcloud a {color:#ffffff;}.no-touch .l-subfooter.at_top a:hover,.no-touch .l-subfooter.at_top .w-form-row.focused .w-form-row-field:before,.no-touch .l-subfooter.at_top .widget_tag_cloud .tagcloud a:hover,.no-touch .l-subfooter.at_top .widget_product_tag_cloud .tagcloud a:hover {color:#bdd747;}.l-subfooter.at_top input:focus,.l-subfooter.at_top textarea:focus,.l-subfooter.at_top select:focus {box-shadow:0 0 0 2px #bdd747;}.l-subfooter.at_bottom {background-color:#131313;}.l-subfooter.at_bottom {color:#ffffff;}.l-subfooter.at_bottom a {color:#ffffff;}.no-touch .l-subfooter.at_bottom a:hover {color:#fcc808;}.l-footer.layout_compact .l-subfooter.at_top {background-image:url(https://avs69.avs.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/avs69_footer-background_1908x396.png);background-size:cover;}.ush_menu_1.type_desktop .w-nav-list.level_1 > .menu-item > a, .ush_menu_1.type_desktop [class*="columns"] .menu-item-has-children .w-nav-anchor.level_2 {text-transform:uppercase;}.l-subfooter.at_bottom .w-menu {font-size:12px;text-transform:uppercase;}.l-footer.layout_compact .l-subfooter.at_bottom {font-size:12px;text-transform:uppercase;}.ush_menu_1.type_desktop .w-nav-list.level_1 > .menu-item > a, .ush_menu_1.type_desktop [class*="columns"] .menu-item-has-children .w-nav-anchor.level_2 {font-size:14px;}.header_hor .ush_menu_1.type_desktop .w-nav-list.level_1 > .menu-item > a {padding:0 18px;}.widgettitle {text-align:center;}.w-btn, button, input[type="submit"] {font-size:13px;}.logo_showcase .slick-slide img {padding:0px;border:0px solid #f1f1f1;}.wpls-columns {padding-left:8px;padding-right:8px;}.wpls-logo-grid .wpls-logo-cnt, .wpls-logo-widget .wpls-logo-cnt {margin-bottom:8px;}</style> <meta http-equiv="X-Translated-By" content="Google"> <meta http-equiv="X-Translated-To" content="it"> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.gstatic.com/_/translate_http/_/js/k=translate_http.tr.en_GB.1hbgkFx4Qn8.O/am=DgY/d=1/rs=AN8SPfqlmAPxwfG457BPbRXwNq39oSMGHg/m=corsproxy" data-sourceurl="https://avs69.avs.org/division-nanoscale-science-and-technology-ns/"></script> <link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Material+Symbols+Outlined:opsz,wght,FILL,GRAD@20..48,100..700,0..1,-50..200" rel="stylesheet"> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.gstatic.com/_/translate_http/_/js/k=translate_http.tr.en_GB.1hbgkFx4Qn8.O/am=DgY/d=1/exm=corsproxy/ed=1/rs=AN8SPfqlmAPxwfG457BPbRXwNq39oSMGHg/m=phishing_protection" data-phishing-protection-enabled="false" data-forms-warning-enabled="true" data-source-url="https://avs69.avs.org/division-nanoscale-science-and-technology-ns/"></script> <meta name="robots" content="none"> </head> <body class="page-template-default page page-id-3677 l-body Impreza_3.6 Header_Builder header_hor links_underline state_default wpb-js-composer js-comp-ver-6.5.0 vc_responsive" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/WebPage"> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.gstatic.com/_/translate_http/_/js/k=translate_http.tr.en_GB.1hbgkFx4Qn8.O/am=DgY/d=1/exm=corsproxy,phishing_protection/ed=1/rs=AN8SPfqlmAPxwfG457BPbRXwNq39oSMGHg/m=navigationui" data-environment="prod" data-proxy-url="https://avs69-avs-org.translate.goog" data-proxy-full-url="https://avs69-avs-org.translate.goog/division-nanoscale-science-and-technology-ns/?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=it&amp;_x_tr_hl=en" data-source-url="https://avs69.avs.org/division-nanoscale-science-and-technology-ns/" data-source-language="en" data-target-language="it" data-display-language="en" data-detected-source-language="" data-is-source-untranslated="false" data-source-untranslated-url="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=en&amp;tl=it&amp;hl=en&amp;u=https://avs69.avs.org/division-nanoscale-science-and-technology-ns/&amp;anno=2" data-client="tr"></script><!-- CANVAS --> <div class="l-canvas sidebar_right type_wide titlebar_default"> <header class="l-header pos_fixed bg_solid shadow_thin" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/WPHeader"> <div class="l-subheader at_top"> <div class="l-subheader-h"> <div class="l-subheader-cell at_left"> <div class="w-text ush_text_4 font_regular"> <div class="w-text-h"> <span class="w-text-value">Housing/Hotel Deadline Extended to October 18, 2023</span> </div> </div> </div> <div class="l-subheader-cell at_center"></div> <div class="l-subheader-cell at_right"> <div class="w-socials style_desaturated hover_default ush_socials_1"> <div class="w-socials-list"> <div class="w-socials-item twitter"><a class="w-socials-item-link" target="_blank" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=en&amp;tl=it&amp;hl=en&amp;u=https://twitter.com/AVS_Members"> <span class="w-socials-item-link-hover"></span> </a> <div class="w-socials-item-popup"><span>Twitter</span> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="w-text ush_text_2 font_regular"> <div class="w-text-h"> <span class="w-text-value">#AVS69</span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="l-subheader at_middle"> <div class="l-subheader-h"> <div class="l-subheader-cell at_left"> <div class="w-img with_transparent ush_image_1"> <a class="w-img-h" href="https://avs69-avs-org.translate.goog/?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=it&amp;_x_tr_hl=en"><img class="for_default" src="https://avs69.avs.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/AVS-69-Website-logo-207x46-v2.jpg" width="207" height="46" alt="AVS-69 Website logo 207x46 v2"><img class="for_transparent" src="https://avs69.avs.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/AVS-69-Website-logo-207x46-v2.jpg" width="207" height="46" alt="AVS-69 Website logo 207x46 v2"></a> </div> <div class="w-img with_transparent ush_image_2"> <a class="w-img-h" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=en&amp;tl=it&amp;hl=en&amp;u=https://avs.org/+" target="_blank"><img class="for_default" src="https://avs69.avs.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/avslogo_blue_92x94.gif" width="92" height="94" alt="avslogo_blue_92x94"><img class="for_transparent" src="https://avs69.avs.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/avslogo_blue_92x94.gif" width="92" height="94" alt="avslogo_blue_92x94"></a> </div> </div> <div class="l-subheader-cell at_center"></div> <div class="l-subheader-cell at_right"> <nav class="w-nav type_desktop animation_height ush_menu_1" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/SiteNavigationElement"> <a class="w-nav-control" href="javascript:void(0);?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=it&amp;_x_tr_hl=en"></a> <ul class="w-nav-list level_1 hover_underline hidden"> <li id="menu-item-6419" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-home menu-item-has-children w-nav-item level_1 menu-item-6419"><a class="w-nav-anchor level_1" href="https://avs69-avs-org.translate.goog/?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=it&amp;_x_tr_hl=en"><span class="w-nav-title">Overview</span><span class="w-nav-arrow"></span></a> <ul class="w-nav-list level_2"> <li id="menu-item-6478" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page w-nav-item level_2 menu-item-6478"><a class="w-nav-anchor level_2" href="https://avs69-avs-org.translate.goog/greetings/?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=it&amp;_x_tr_hl=en"><span class="w-nav-title">Greetings &amp; Introduction</span><span class="w-nav-arrow"></span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-5201" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children w-nav-item level_2 menu-item-5201"><a class="w-nav-anchor level_2"><span class="w-nav-title">Organizing Committee</span><span class="w-nav-arrow"></span></a> <ul class="w-nav-list level_3"> <li id="menu-item-5139" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page w-nav-item level_3 menu-item-5139"><a class="w-nav-anchor level_3" href="https://avs69-avs-org.translate.goog/committee/?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=it&amp;_x_tr_hl=en"><span class="w-nav-title">Program Chairs and Committee Members</span><span class="w-nav-arrow"></span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-4981" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page w-nav-item level_3 menu-item-4981"><a class="w-nav-anchor level_3" href="https://avs69-avs-org.translate.goog/program-chairs-and-champions/?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=it&amp;_x_tr_hl=en"><span class="w-nav-title">Division/Focus Topic Chairs and Champions</span><span class="w-nav-arrow"></span></a></li> </ul></li> <li id="menu-item-7041" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children w-nav-item level_2 menu-item-7041"><a class="w-nav-anchor level_2" target="_blank" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=en&amp;tl=it&amp;hl=en&amp;u=https://avs.org/awards/"><span class="w-nav-title">Awards</span><span class="w-nav-arrow"></span></a> <ul class="w-nav-list level_3"> <li id="menu-item-7043" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page w-nav-item level_3 menu-item-7043"><a class="w-nav-anchor level_3" href="https://avs69-avs-org.translate.goog/awards-ceremony/?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=it&amp;_x_tr_hl=en"><span class="w-nav-title">Awards Ceremony</span><span class="w-nav-arrow"></span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-7042" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom w-nav-item level_3 menu-item-7042"><a class="w-nav-anchor level_3" target="_blank" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=en&amp;tl=it&amp;hl=en&amp;u=https://avs.org/awards/awards/current-awardees/"><span class="w-nav-title">2023 Awardees</span><span class="w-nav-arrow"></span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-6424" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page w-nav-item level_3 menu-item-6424"><a class="w-nav-anchor level_3" href="https://avs69-avs-org.translate.goog/awards-grants/?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=it&amp;_x_tr_hl=en"><span class="w-nav-title">Awards &amp; Travel Grants</span><span class="w-nav-arrow"></span></a></li> </ul></li> <li id="menu-item-4026" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page w-nav-item level_2 menu-item-4026"><a class="w-nav-anchor level_2" href="https://avs69-avs-org.translate.goog/manuscripts/?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=it&amp;_x_tr_hl=en"><span class="w-nav-title">Manuscripts</span><span class="w-nav-arrow"></span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-5977" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page w-nav-item level_2 menu-item-5977"><a class="w-nav-anchor level_2" href="https://avs69-avs-org.translate.goog/presentation_guidlines/?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=it&amp;_x_tr_hl=en"><span class="w-nav-title">Presentation Guidelines</span><span class="w-nav-arrow"></span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-3601" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom w-nav-item level_2 menu-item-3601"><a class="w-nav-anchor level_2" target="_blank" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=en&amp;tl=it&amp;hl=en&amp;u=https://avs.org/AVS/media/Files/Press%2520Media%2520Center/code-of-conduct.pdf"><span class="w-nav-title">AVS Code of Conduct</span><span class="w-nav-arrow"></span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-6402" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom w-nav-item level_2 menu-item-6402"><a class="w-nav-anchor level_2" target="_blank" href="https://avs69-avs-org.translate.goog/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/Health-Safety-Plan.pdf?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=it&amp;_x_tr_hl=en"><span class="w-nav-title">Health &amp; Safety</span><span class="w-nav-arrow"></span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-4049" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom w-nav-item level_2 menu-item-4049"><a class="w-nav-anchor level_2" target="_blank" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=en&amp;tl=it&amp;hl=en&amp;u=https://www.flickr.com/photos/avsconferences/collections/72157678133546177"><span class="w-nav-title">Photo Gallery</span><span class="w-nav-arrow"></span></a></li> </ul></li> <li id="menu-item-5108" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom current-menu-ancestor menu-item-has-children w-nav-item level_1 menu-item-5108"><a class="w-nav-anchor level_1"><span class="w-nav-title">Technical Program</span><span class="w-nav-arrow"></span></a> <ul class="w-nav-list level_2"> <li id="menu-item-5109" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom current-menu-ancestor menu-item-has-children w-nav-item level_2 menu-item-5109"><a class="w-nav-anchor level_2"><span class="w-nav-title">Symposia</span><span class="w-nav-arrow"></span></a> <ul class="w-nav-list level_3"> <li id="menu-item-5110" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom current-menu-ancestor current-menu-parent menu-item-has-children w-nav-item level_3 menu-item-5110"><a class="w-nav-anchor level_3"><span class="w-nav-title">Divisions</span><span class="w-nav-arrow"></span></a> <ul class="w-nav-list level_4"> <li id="menu-item-5114" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page w-nav-item level_4 menu-item-5114"><a class="w-nav-anchor level_4" href="https://avs69-avs-org.translate.goog/division-se/?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=it&amp;_x_tr_hl=en"><span class="w-nav-title">Advanced Surface Engineering (SE)</span><span class="w-nav-arrow"></span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-5115" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page w-nav-item level_4 menu-item-5115"><a class="w-nav-anchor level_4" href="https://avs69-avs-org.translate.goog/division-as/?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=it&amp;_x_tr_hl=en"><span class="w-nav-title">Applied Surface Science (AS)</span><span class="w-nav-arrow"></span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-5116" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page w-nav-item level_4 menu-item-5116"><a class="w-nav-anchor level_4" href="https://avs69-avs-org.translate.goog/division-bi/?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=it&amp;_x_tr_hl=en"><span class="w-nav-title">Biomaterial Interfaces (BI)</span><span class="w-nav-arrow"></span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-5117" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page w-nav-item level_4 menu-item-5117"><a class="w-nav-anchor level_4" href="https://avs69-avs-org.translate.goog/division-em/?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=it&amp;_x_tr_hl=en"><span class="w-nav-title">Electronic Materials and Photonics (EM)</span><span class="w-nav-arrow"></span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-5118" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page w-nav-item level_4 menu-item-5118"><a class="w-nav-anchor level_4" href="https://avs69-avs-org.translate.goog/division-mi/?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=it&amp;_x_tr_hl=en"><span class="w-nav-title">Magnetic Interfaces and Nanostructures (MI)</span><span class="w-nav-arrow"></span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-5119" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page current-menu-item page_item page-item-3677 current_page_item w-nav-item level_4 menu-item-5119"><a class="w-nav-anchor level_4" href="https://avs69-avs-org.translate.goog/division-nanoscale-science-and-technology-ns/?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=it&amp;_x_tr_hl=en"><span class="w-nav-title">Nanoscale Science and Technology (NS)</span><span class="w-nav-arrow"></span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-5120" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page w-nav-item level_4 menu-item-5120"><a class="w-nav-anchor level_4" href="https://avs69-avs-org.translate.goog/division-ps/?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=it&amp;_x_tr_hl=en"><span class="w-nav-title">Plasma Science &amp; Technology (PS)</span><span class="w-nav-arrow"></span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-5121" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page w-nav-item level_4 menu-item-5121"><a class="w-nav-anchor level_4" href="https://avs69-avs-org.translate.goog/division-surface-science-ss/?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=it&amp;_x_tr_hl=en"><span class="w-nav-title">Surface Science (SS)</span><span class="w-nav-arrow"></span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-5122" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page w-nav-item level_4 menu-item-5122"><a class="w-nav-anchor level_4" href="https://avs69-avs-org.translate.goog/division-tf/?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=it&amp;_x_tr_hl=en"><span class="w-nav-title">Thin Film (TF)</span><span class="w-nav-arrow"></span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-5123" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page w-nav-item level_4 menu-item-5123"><a class="w-nav-anchor level_4" href="https://avs69-avs-org.translate.goog/division-vt/?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=it&amp;_x_tr_hl=en"><span class="w-nav-title">Vacuum Technology (VT)</span><span class="w-nav-arrow"></span></a></li> </ul></li> <li id="menu-item-5112" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children w-nav-item level_3 menu-item-5112"><a class="w-nav-anchor level_3"><span class="w-nav-title">Groups</span><span class="w-nav-arrow"></span></a> <ul class="w-nav-list level_4"> <li id="menu-item-5126" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page w-nav-item level_4 menu-item-5126"><a class="w-nav-anchor level_4" href="https://avs69-avs-org.translate.goog/group-2d/?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=it&amp;_x_tr_hl=en"><span class="w-nav-title">2D Materials (2D)</span><span class="w-nav-arrow"></span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-5124" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page w-nav-item level_4 menu-item-5124"><a class="w-nav-anchor level_4" href="https://avs69-avs-org.translate.goog/group-manufacturing-science-and-technology-ms/?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=it&amp;_x_tr_hl=en"><span class="w-nav-title">Manufacturing Science and Technology (MS)</span><span class="w-nav-arrow"></span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-5125" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page w-nav-item level_4 menu-item-5125"><a class="w-nav-anchor level_4" href="https://avs69-avs-org.translate.goog/group-mn/?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=it&amp;_x_tr_hl=en"><span class="w-nav-title">MEMS and NEMS Technology (MN)</span><span class="w-nav-arrow"></span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-5136" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page w-nav-item level_4 menu-item-5136"><a class="w-nav-anchor level_4" href="https://avs69-avs-org.translate.goog/focus-topic-el/?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=it&amp;_x_tr_hl=en"><span class="w-nav-title">Spectroscopic Ellipsometry (EL)</span><span class="w-nav-arrow"></span></a></li> </ul></li> <li id="menu-item-5111" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children w-nav-item level_3 menu-item-5111"><a class="w-nav-anchor level_3"><span class="w-nav-title">Focus Topics</span><span class="w-nav-arrow"></span></a> <ul class="w-nav-list level_4"> <li id="menu-item-5127" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page w-nav-item level_4 menu-item-5127"><a class="w-nav-anchor level_4" href="https://avs69-avs-org.translate.goog/focus-topic-ac/?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=it&amp;_x_tr_hl=en"><span class="w-nav-title">Actinides and Rare Earths (AC)</span><span class="w-nav-arrow"></span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-6394" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page w-nav-item level_4 menu-item-6394"><a class="w-nav-anchor level_4" href="https://avs69-avs-org.translate.goog/focus-topic-ib/?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=it&amp;_x_tr_hl=en"><span class="w-nav-title">Advanced Focused Ion Beams (IB)</span><span class="w-nav-arrow"></span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-5130" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page w-nav-item level_4 menu-item-5130"><a class="w-nav-anchor level_4" href="https://avs69-avs-org.translate.goog/focus-topic-ca/?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=it&amp;_x_tr_hl=en"><span class="w-nav-title">Chemical Analysis and Imaging at Interfaces (CA)</span><span class="w-nav-arrow"></span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-5131" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page w-nav-item level_4 menu-item-5131"><a class="w-nav-anchor level_4" href="https://avs69-avs-org.translate.goog/focus-topic-hc/?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=it&amp;_x_tr_hl=en"><span class="w-nav-title">Fundamental Discoveries in Heterogeneous Catalysis (HC)</span><span class="w-nav-arrow"></span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-6395" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page w-nav-item level_4 menu-item-6395"><a class="w-nav-anchor level_4" href="https://avs69-avs-org.translate.goog/focus-topic-lx/?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=it&amp;_x_tr_hl=en"><span class="w-nav-title">Laboratory-Based Ambient Pressure X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (LX)</span><span class="w-nav-arrow"></span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-6396" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page w-nav-item level_4 menu-item-6396"><a class="w-nav-anchor level_4" href="https://avs69-avs-org.translate.goog/focus-topic-th/?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=it&amp;_x_tr_hl=en"><span class="w-nav-title">Theory for Surface Processes and Spectroscopies (TH)</span><span class="w-nav-arrow"></span></a></li> </ul></li> <li id="menu-item-6722" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children w-nav-item level_3 menu-item-6722"><a class="w-nav-anchor level_3"><span class="w-nav-title">Mini-Symposium</span><span class="w-nav-arrow"></span></a> <ul class="w-nav-list level_4"> <li id="menu-item-5129" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page w-nav-item level_4 menu-item-5129"><a class="w-nav-anchor level_4" href="https://avs69-avs-org.translate.goog/focus-topic-ap/?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=it&amp;_x_tr_hl=en"><span class="w-nav-title">Atomic Scale Processing (AP)</span><span class="w-nav-arrow"></span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-6736" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page w-nav-item level_4 menu-item-6736"><a class="w-nav-anchor level_4" href="https://avs69-avs-org.translate.goog/mini-symposium-chips-act-cps/?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=it&amp;_x_tr_hl=en"><span class="w-nav-title">CHIPS Act (CPS)</span><span class="w-nav-arrow"></span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-6737" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page w-nav-item level_4 menu-item-6737"><a class="w-nav-anchor level_4" href="https://avs69-avs-org.translate.goog/mini-symposium-light-sources-science-ls/?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=it&amp;_x_tr_hl=en"><span class="w-nav-title">Light Sources Science Mini-Symposium (LS)</span><span class="w-nav-arrow"></span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-6398" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page w-nav-item level_4 menu-item-6398"><a class="w-nav-anchor level_4" href="https://avs69-avs-org.translate.goog/focus-topic-qs/?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=it&amp;_x_tr_hl=en"><span class="w-nav-title">Quantum Science and Technology (QS)</span><span class="w-nav-arrow"></span></a></li> </ul></li> <li id="menu-item-6434" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children w-nav-item level_3 menu-item-6434"><a class="w-nav-anchor level_3" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=en&amp;tl=it&amp;hl=en&amp;u=http://avs.org"><span class="w-nav-title">Special Sessions</span><span class="w-nav-arrow"></span></a> <ul class="w-nav-list level_4"> <li id="menu-item-6439" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom w-nav-item level_4 menu-item-6439"><a class="w-nav-anchor level_4" href="https://avs69-avs-org.translate.goog/special-sessions/?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=it&amp;_x_tr_hl=en#bp"><span class="w-nav-title">Biomaterials Plenary (BP)</span><span class="w-nav-arrow"></span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-6435" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom w-nav-item level_4 menu-item-6435"><a class="w-nav-anchor level_4" href="https://avs69-avs-org.translate.goog/special-sessions/?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=it&amp;_x_tr_hl=en#ew"><span class="w-nav-title">Exhibitor Technology Spotlight (EW)</span><span class="w-nav-arrow"></span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-6974" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page w-nav-item level_4 menu-item-6974"><a class="w-nav-anchor level_4" href="https://avs69-avs-org.translate.goog/plenary-lecture/?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=it&amp;_x_tr_hl=en"><span class="w-nav-title">Plenary Lecture</span><span class="w-nav-arrow"></span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-6440" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom w-nav-item level_4 menu-item-6440"><a class="w-nav-anchor level_4" href="https://avs69-avs-org.translate.goog/special-sessions/?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=it&amp;_x_tr_hl=en#nsp"><span class="w-nav-title">Nanoscale Science and Technology Plenary (NSP)</span><span class="w-nav-arrow"></span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-6436" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom w-nav-item level_4 menu-item-6436"><a class="w-nav-anchor level_4" href="https://avs69-avs-org.translate.goog/special-sessions/?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=it&amp;_x_tr_hl=en#un"><span class="w-nav-title">Undergraduate Posters (UN)</span><span class="w-nav-arrow"></span></a></li> </ul></li> </ul></li> <li id="menu-item-7220" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom w-nav-item level_2 menu-item-7220"><a class="w-nav-anchor level_2" href="https://avs69-avs-org.translate.goog/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/ProgramBook_Complete.pdf?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=it&amp;_x_tr_hl=en"><span class="w-nav-title">Abstract Book (PDF)</span><span class="w-nav-arrow"></span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-6950" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom w-nav-item level_2 menu-item-6950"><a class="w-nav-anchor level_2" href="https://avs69-avs-org.translate.goog/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/Technical-Program.pdf?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=it&amp;_x_tr_hl=en"><span class="w-nav-title">Technical Program (PDF)</span><span class="w-nav-arrow"></span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-6952" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page w-nav-item level_2 menu-item-6952"><a class="w-nav-anchor level_2" href="https://avs69-avs-org.translate.goog/online-desktop-planner/?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=it&amp;_x_tr_hl=en"><span class="w-nav-title">Technical Program Online Scheduler</span><span class="w-nav-arrow"></span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-6953" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page w-nav-item level_2 menu-item-6953"><a class="w-nav-anchor level_2" href="https://avs69-avs-org.translate.goog/mobileapp/?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=it&amp;_x_tr_hl=en"><span class="w-nav-title">Mobile App</span><span class="w-nav-arrow"></span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-6800" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom w-nav-item level_2 menu-item-6800"><a class="w-nav-anchor level_2" target="_blank" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=en&amp;tl=it&amp;hl=en&amp;u=https://avs.swoogo.com/avs69_fvt1123"><span class="w-nav-title">Short Course</span><span class="w-nav-arrow"></span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-6650" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children w-nav-item level_2 menu-item-6650"><a class="w-nav-anchor level_2"><span class="w-nav-title">Special Events</span><span class="w-nav-arrow"></span></a> <ul class="w-nav-list level_3"> <li id="menu-item-7190" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page w-nav-item level_3 menu-item-7190"><a class="w-nav-anchor level_3" href="https://avs69-avs-org.translate.goog/special-sessions-events/?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=it&amp;_x_tr_hl=en"><span class="w-nav-title">@ a Glance</span><span class="w-nav-arrow"></span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-7113" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom w-nav-item level_3 menu-item-7113"><a class="w-nav-anchor level_3" target="_blank" href="https://avs69-avs-org.translate.goog/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/AVS-69-Schedule-of-Special-Events.pdf?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=it&amp;_x_tr_hl=en"><span class="w-nav-title">Schedule of Special Events (PDF)</span><span class="w-nav-arrow"></span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-6954" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page w-nav-item level_3 menu-item-6954"><a class="w-nav-anchor level_3" href="https://avs69-avs-org.translate.goog/5k-run/?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=it&amp;_x_tr_hl=en"><span class="w-nav-title">5K Run</span><span class="w-nav-arrow"></span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-7221" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page w-nav-item level_3 menu-item-7221"><a class="w-nav-anchor level_3" href="https://avs69-avs-org.translate.goog/scavenger-hunt/?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=it&amp;_x_tr_hl=en"><span class="w-nav-title">Scavenger Hunt</span><span class="w-nav-arrow"></span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-7026" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page w-nav-item level_3 menu-item-7026"><a class="w-nav-anchor level_3" href="https://avs69-avs-org.translate.goog/astm-e42/?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=it&amp;_x_tr_hl=en"><span class="w-nav-title">ASTM E-42 and Applied Surface Science Division Joint Workshop</span><span class="w-nav-arrow"></span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-6959" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom w-nav-item level_3 menu-item-6959"><a class="w-nav-anchor level_3" href="https://avs69-avs-org.translate.goog/aqs-workshop/?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=it&amp;_x_tr_hl=en"><span class="w-nav-title">AVS Quantum Science Workshop</span><span class="w-nav-arrow"></span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-7012" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page w-nav-item level_3 menu-item-7012"><a class="w-nav-anchor level_3" href="https://avs69-avs-org.translate.goog/career-center/?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=it&amp;_x_tr_hl=en"><span class="w-nav-title">Career Center</span><span class="w-nav-arrow"></span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-7069" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page w-nav-item level_3 menu-item-7069"><a class="w-nav-anchor level_3" href="https://avs69-avs-org.translate.goog/member-center/?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=it&amp;_x_tr_hl=en"><span class="w-nav-title">Member Center</span><span class="w-nav-arrow"></span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-6810" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page w-nav-item level_3 menu-item-6810"><a class="w-nav-anchor level_3" href="https://avs69-avs-org.translate.goog/plenary-lecture/?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=it&amp;_x_tr_hl=en"><span class="w-nav-title">Plenary Lecture</span><span class="w-nav-arrow"></span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-6968" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page w-nav-item level_3 menu-item-6968"><a class="w-nav-anchor level_3" href="https://avs69-avs-org.translate.goog/qsa18/?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=it&amp;_x_tr_hl=en"><span class="w-nav-title">Quantitative Surface Analysis (QSA-18)</span><span class="w-nav-arrow"></span></a></li> </ul></li> </ul></li> <li id="menu-item-5200" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children w-nav-item level_1 menu-item-5200"><a class="w-nav-anchor level_1" href="https://avs69-avs-org.translate.goog/vendor-exhibit/?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=it&amp;_x_tr_hl=en"><span class="w-nav-title">Exhibit</span><span class="w-nav-arrow"></span></a> <ul class="w-nav-list level_2"> <li id="menu-item-5199" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page w-nav-item level_2 menu-item-5199"><a class="w-nav-anchor level_2" href="https://avs69-avs-org.translate.goog/vendor-exhibit/?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=it&amp;_x_tr_hl=en"><span class="w-nav-title">Information &amp; Opportunities</span><span class="w-nav-arrow"></span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-6530" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom w-nav-item level_2 menu-item-6530"><a class="w-nav-anchor level_2" target="_blank" href="https://avs69-avs-org.translate.goog/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/Prospectus.pdf?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=it&amp;_x_tr_hl=en"><span class="w-nav-title">Prospectus</span><span class="w-nav-arrow"></span></a></li> </ul></li> <li id="menu-item-6583" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children w-nav-item level_1 menu-item-6583"><a class="w-nav-anchor level_1" href="https://avs69-avs-org.translate.goog/housing-travel/?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=it&amp;_x_tr_hl=en"><span class="w-nav-title">Housing &amp; Registration</span><span class="w-nav-arrow"></span></a> <ul class="w-nav-list level_2"> <li id="menu-item-6947" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom w-nav-item level_2 menu-item-6947"><a class="w-nav-anchor level_2" target="_blank" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=en&amp;tl=it&amp;hl=en&amp;u=https://registration.experientevent.com/ShowAVS231"><span class="w-nav-title">Attendee Hotel Reservations</span><span class="w-nav-arrow"></span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-6948" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom w-nav-item level_2 menu-item-6948"><a class="w-nav-anchor level_2" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=en&amp;tl=it&amp;hl=en&amp;u=https://registration.experientevent.com/ShowAVS231/Flow/EXH%23!/registrant//ExhibitingCompanySearch/"><span class="w-nav-title">Exhibitor Staff Hotel Reservations</span><span class="w-nav-arrow"></span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-6595" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom w-nav-item level_2 menu-item-6595"><a class="w-nav-anchor level_2" href="https://avs69-avs-org.translate.goog/housing-travel/?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=it&amp;_x_tr_hl=en#rates"><span class="w-nav-title">Hotel Rates</span><span class="w-nav-arrow"></span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-6703" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page w-nav-item level_2 menu-item-6703"><a class="w-nav-anchor level_2" href="https://avs69-avs-org.translate.goog/register/?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=it&amp;_x_tr_hl=en"><span class="w-nav-title">Registration, Rates and Hours</span><span class="w-nav-arrow"></span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-6582" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom w-nav-item level_2 menu-item-6582"><a class="w-nav-anchor level_2" href="https://avs69-avs-org.translate.goog/housing-travel/?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=it&amp;_x_tr_hl=en#accessibility"><span class="w-nav-title">Accessibility</span><span class="w-nav-arrow"></span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-7171" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom w-nav-item level_2 menu-item-7171"><a class="w-nav-anchor level_2" target="_blank" href="https://avs69-avs-org.translate.goog/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/Restaurants-Near-OCC.pdf?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=it&amp;_x_tr_hl=en"><span class="w-nav-title">Dining/Restaurants</span><span class="w-nav-arrow"></span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-6581" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom w-nav-item level_2 menu-item-6581"><a class="w-nav-anchor level_2" href="https://avs69-avs-org.translate.goog/housing-travel/?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=it&amp;_x_tr_hl=en#parking"><span class="w-nav-title">Directions and Parking</span><span class="w-nav-arrow"></span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-7164" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children w-nav-item level_2 menu-item-7164"><a class="w-nav-anchor level_2"><span class="w-nav-title">Maps</span><span class="w-nav-arrow"></span></a> <ul class="w-nav-list level_3"> <li id="menu-item-7166" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom w-nav-item level_3 menu-item-7166"><a class="w-nav-anchor level_3" target="_blank" href="https://avs69-avs-org.translate.goog/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/Hyatt-Regency-Portland-at-OCC.pdf?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=it&amp;_x_tr_hl=en"><span class="w-nav-title">Hyatt Regency Portland</span><span class="w-nav-arrow"></span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-7165" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom w-nav-item level_3 menu-item-7165"><a class="w-nav-anchor level_3" target="_blank" href="https://avs69-avs-org.translate.goog/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/OCC_Map.pdf?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=it&amp;_x_tr_hl=en"><span class="w-nav-title">Oregon Convention Center</span><span class="w-nav-arrow"></span></a></li> </ul></li> </ul></li> <li id="menu-item-5270" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children w-nav-item level_1 menu-item-5270"><a class="w-nav-anchor level_1" href="https://avs69-avs-org.translate.goog/sponsors-exhibitors/?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=it&amp;_x_tr_hl=en"><span class="w-nav-title">Sponsors</span><span class="w-nav-arrow"></span></a> <ul class="w-nav-list level_2"> <li id="menu-item-5271" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page w-nav-item level_2 menu-item-5271"><a class="w-nav-anchor level_2" href="https://avs69-avs-org.translate.goog/sponsors-exhibitors/?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=it&amp;_x_tr_hl=en"><span class="w-nav-title">General Sponsors</span><span class="w-nav-arrow"></span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-6671" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page w-nav-item level_2 menu-item-6671"><a class="w-nav-anchor level_2" href="https://avs69-avs-org.translate.goog/division-group-focus-topics-sponsors/?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=it&amp;_x_tr_hl=en"><span class="w-nav-title">Division, Group, and Focus Topic Sponsors</span><span class="w-nav-arrow"></span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-5238" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page w-nav-item level_2 menu-item-5238"><a class="w-nav-anchor level_2" href="https://avs69-avs-org.translate.goog/sponsor-opportunities/?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=it&amp;_x_tr_hl=en"><span class="w-nav-title">Sponsorship Opportunities</span><span class="w-nav-arrow"></span></a></li> </ul></li> </ul> <div class="w-nav-options hidden" onclick="return {&quot;mobileWidth&quot;:900,&quot;mobileBehavior&quot;:0}"></div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="l-subheader at_bottom"> <div class="l-subheader-h"> <div class="l-subheader-cell at_left"></div> <div class="l-subheader-cell at_center"></div> <div class="l-subheader-cell at_right"></div> </div> </div> <div class="l-subheader for_hidden hidden"></div> </header> <div class="l-titlebar size_small color_primary"> <div class="l-titlebar-h"> <div class="l-titlebar-content"> <h1 itemprop="headline">Division: Nanoscale Science and Technology (NS)</h1> </div> <div class="g-breadcrumbs" xmlns:v="http://rdf.data-vocabulary.org/#"> <span typeof="v:Breadcrumb"><a class="g-breadcrumbs-item" rel="v:url" property="v:title" href="https://avs69-avs-org.translate.goog/?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=it&amp;_x_tr_hl=en">Home</a></span> <span class="g-breadcrumbs-separator"></span> <span class="g-breadcrumbs-item">Division: Nanoscale Science and Technology (NS)</span> </div> </div> </div><!-- MAIN --> <div class="l-main"> <div class="l-main-h i-cf"> <main class="l-content" itemprop="mainContentOfPage"> <section class="l-section wpb_row height_medium"> <div class="l-section-h i-cf"> <div class="g-cols offset_small"> <div class="vc_col-sm-12 wpb_column vc_column_container"> <div class="vc_column-inner"> <div class="wpb_text_column "> <div class="wpb_wrapper"> <p style="text-align: left;"><strong>Nanoscale Science and Technology Division (NSTD)</strong>: This Division explores the science and technology that emerges when material is shrunk to the nanoscale. Researchers from around the globe will present their work on topics such as nanoscale devices and quantum systems exploiting nanoscale design and characterization. The role of nanomaterials in novel devices and structures is highlighted, particularly their surface chemistry, energetics, mechanics, and morphology. Specific emphasis will be placed on the key connections between nanoscale physical and chemical phenomena as probed and manipulated by scanning probe tips, electromagnetic radiation, electrons, and ions, as well as approaches to harness these phenomena for nanoscale and atom-by-atom device and material fabrication. All of this understanding is enhanced by recent developments in machine learning and artificial intelligence. The NS program particularly promotes novel physical phenomena emerging in these nanosystems, and their applications for quantum information systems, sensing, and beyond.</p> <p style="text-align: left;"><strong>NS1+2D+BI+SS-MoM: Combined Nanoscale Microscopy</strong></p> <ul> <li style="text-align: left;">Fernando A. Castro, National Physical Laboratory, UK, “Combined Metrology at the Nanoscale: Advanced Scanning Probe Microscopy to Evaluate Complex Semiconductors”</li> </ul> <p style="text-align: left;"><strong>NS2+2D+BI+EL+SS-MoM: Chemical Identification with Scanning Probe Microscopy</strong></p> <ul> <li style="text-align: left;">Eric Potma, University of California Irvine, “Nanoscale imaging with photo-induced force microscopy”</li> </ul> <p style="text-align: left;"><strong>NS+EM+MN-MoA: Nanoscale Devices, Structures and Materials</strong></p> <p style="text-align: left;"><strong>NS+2D+EM+MN+SS-TuM: Scanning Probe Microscopy</strong></p> <ul> <li style="text-align: left;">Sergei Kalinin, University of Tennessee Knoxville, “AVS Medard W. Welch Award Talk: Microscopy is All You Need: The Rise of Autonomous Science”</li> </ul> <p style="text-align: left;"><strong>NS2+2D+EM-TuA: Light-Matter Interactions at the Nanoscale</strong></p> <ul> <li style="text-align: left;">P James Schuck, Columbia University, “Highly Tunable Room-Temperature Exciton-Polariton Strong Coupling from Monolayer Wse2 in Nanocavities”</li> </ul> <p style="text-align: left;"><strong>NS1+2D+EM+MN-TuA: Nanofabrication and Characterization of Low-Dimensional Materials</strong></p> <ul> <li style="text-align: left;">Kate Reidy, MIT, “Atomic-Scale Design and Defect Networks at the 2D/3D Interface”</li> </ul> <p style="text-align: left;"><strong>NS-TuP: Nanoscale Science and Technology Poster Session</strong></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> </main> <aside class="l-sidebar at_right us_widget_area_abstract_sidebar" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/WPSideBar"> <div id="text-7" class="widget widget_text"> <h3 class="widgettitle">Diamond, Platinum, Gold, and Silver Sponsors</h3> <div class="textwidget"> <div class="wpls-logo-showcase wpls-logo-grid wpls-logo-grid-1 wpls-design-1 has-no-animation wpls-clearfix" data-animation=""> <div class="wpls-logo-cnt wpls-col-2 wpls-columns wpls-first " title="AIP Empowering Physical Scientists"> <div class="wpls-fix-box"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=en&amp;tl=it&amp;hl=en&amp;u=https://www.aip.org/" target="blank"> <img class="wp-post-image" src="https://avs69.avs.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/AIP-Empowering-Physical-Scientist-e1696365512243.jpg" alt="Logo Image"> </a> </div><!-- end .wpls-fix-box --> </div><!-- end .wpls-logo-cnt --> <div class="wpls-logo-cnt wpls-col-2 wpls-columns wpls-last " title="Physical Electronics"> <div class="wpls-fix-box"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=en&amp;tl=it&amp;hl=en&amp;u=https://www.phi.com/" target="blank"> <img class="wp-post-image" src="https://avs69.avs.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/Physical-Electronics-Logo-scaled-e1598388962928.jpg" alt="Logo Image"> </a> </div><!-- end .wpls-fix-box --> </div><!-- end .wpls-logo-cnt --> <div class="wpls-logo-cnt wpls-col-2 wpls-columns wpls-first " title="MKS"> <div class="wpls-fix-box"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=en&amp;tl=it&amp;hl=en&amp;u=http://www.mks.com" target="blank"> <img class="wp-post-image" src="https://avs69.avs.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/MKS-LogoPNG-e1688066186672.png" alt="Logo Image"> </a> </div><!-- end .wpls-fix-box --> </div><!-- end .wpls-logo-cnt --> <div class="wpls-logo-cnt wpls-col-2 wpls-columns wpls-last " title="SPECS"> <div class="wpls-fix-box"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=en&amp;tl=it&amp;hl=en&amp;u=https://www.specs-group.com/" target="blank"> <img class="wp-post-image" src="https://avs69.avs.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/SPECS-NEW-2018-Logo300dpi-scaled-e1600097043559.jpg" alt="Logo Image"> </a> </div><!-- end .wpls-fix-box --> </div><!-- end .wpls-logo-cnt --> <div class="wpls-logo-cnt wpls-col-2 wpls-columns wpls-first " title="TEL"> <div class="wpls-fix-box"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=en&amp;tl=it&amp;hl=en&amp;u=https://www.tel.com/" target="blank"> <img class="wp-post-image" src="https://avs69.avs.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/TEL2.jpg" alt="Logo Image"> </a> </div><!-- end .wpls-fix-box --> </div><!-- end .wpls-logo-cnt --> </div><!-- end .wpls-logo-grid --> <div class="w-btn-wrapper align_center"> <a class="w-btn style_solid color_primary icon_none" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=en&amp;tl=it&amp;hl=en&amp;u=http://avs69.avs.org/sponsors-exhibitors/"><span class="w-btn-label">VIEW ALL</span></a> </div> </div> </div> <div id="block-12" class="widget widget_block"> <hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-dots"> </div> <div id="block-79" class="widget widget_block widget_media_image"> <div class="wp-block-image"> <figure class="aligncenter size-full"> <img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="300" height="250" src="https://avs69.avs.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/AVS-69-International-Symposium-Portlans-300x250-1.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-6753"> </figure> </div> </div> <div id="block-11" class="widget widget_block"> <div class="wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex"> <div class="wp-block-button aligncenter is-style-fill"> <a class="wp-block-button__link has-background wp-element-button" href="https://avs69-avs-org.translate.goog/abstract-submission/?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=it&amp;_x_tr_hl=en" style="background-color:#cd5884">Submit Abstract</a> </div> </div> </div> </aside> </div> </div> </div><!-- /CANVAS --> <!-- FOOTER --> <footer class="l-footer layout_compact" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/WPFooter"><!-- subfooter: top --> <div class="l-subfooter at_top"> <div class="l-subfooter-h i-cf"> <div class="g-cols offset_medium"> <div class="vc_col-sm-3"> <div id="text-2" class="widget widget_text"> <h4>Follow Us</h4> <div class="textwidget"> <a class="twitter-timeline" data-height="300" data-theme="dark" data-link-color="#F5F8FA" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=en&amp;tl=it&amp;hl=en&amp;u=https://twitter.com/AVS_Members">Tweets by AVS_Members</a> <script async src="//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js" charset="utf-8"></script> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vc_col-sm-3"> <div id="text-3" class="widget widget_text"> <h4>Key Dates</h4> <div class="textwidget"> <p><strong>Major Awards Deadline:</strong><br> March 31, 2023</p> <p><strong>Student Awards Deadline:</strong><br> May 31, 2023</p> <p><strong>Call for Late-Breaking Abstracts Deadline:</strong><br> September 15, 2023</p> <p><strong>Early Registration Deadline:</strong><br> October 2, 2023</p> <p><strong>Housing/Hotel Extended Deadline:</strong><br> October 18, 2023</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vc_col-sm-3"> </div> <div class="vc_col-sm-3"> <div id="text-4" class="widget widget_text"> <h4>Contact</h4> <div class="textwidget"> <p>Yvonne Towse<br> Conference Administrator<br> 125 Maiden Lane; Suite 15B<br> New York, N.Y. 10038<br><strong><a href="mailto:yvonne@avs.org?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=it&amp;_x_tr_hl=en">yvonne@avs.org</a></strong></p> <p><img decoding="async" src="https://aldconference.avs.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/footer-logo.png"></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div><!-- subfooter: bottom --> <div class="l-subfooter at_bottom"> <div class="l-subfooter-h i-cf"> <div class="w-menu "> <div class="w-menu-list"> <a class="w-menu-item menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-home menu-item-has-children" href="https://avs69-avs-org.translate.goog/?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=it&amp;_x_tr_hl=en"><span>Overview</span></a><a class="w-menu-item menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom current-menu-ancestor menu-item-has-children"><span>Technical Program</span></a><a class="w-menu-item menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children" href="https://avs69-avs-org.translate.goog/vendor-exhibit/?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=it&amp;_x_tr_hl=en"><span>Exhibit</span></a><a class="w-menu-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children" href="https://avs69-avs-org.translate.goog/housing-travel/?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=it&amp;_x_tr_hl=en"><span>Housing &amp; Registration</span></a><a class="w-menu-item menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children" href="https://avs69-avs-org.translate.goog/sponsors-exhibitors/?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=it&amp;_x_tr_hl=en"><span>Sponsors</span></a> </div> </div> <div class="w-copyright"> © 2023 AVS. All Rights Reserved. </div> </div> </div> </footer><!-- /FOOTER --> <a class="w-header-show" href="javascript:void(0);?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=it&amp;_x_tr_hl=en"></a> <a class="w-toplink" href="https://avs69-avs-org.translate.goog/division-nanoscale-science-and-technology-ns/?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=it&amp;_x_tr_hl=en#" title="Back to top"></a> <script type="text/javascript"> if (window.$us === undefined) window.$us = {}; $us.canvasOptions = ($us.canvasOptions || {}); $us.canvasOptions.disableEffectsWidth = 900; $us.canvasOptions.responsive = true; $us.langOptions = ($us.langOptions || {}); $us.langOptions.magnificPopup = ($us.langOptions.magnificPopup || {}); $us.langOptions.magnificPopup.tPrev = 'Previous (Left arrow key)'; // Alt text on left arrow $us.langOptions.magnificPopup.tNext = 'Next (Right arrow key)'; // Alt text on right arrow $us.langOptions.magnificPopup.tCounter = '%curr% of %total%'; // Markup for "1 of 7" counter $us.navOptions = ($us.navOptions || {}); $us.navOptions.mobileWidth = 900; $us.navOptions.togglable = true; </script> <script type="text/javascript">$us.headerSettings = {"default":{"options":{"orientation":"hor","sticky":true,"scroll_breakpoint":100,"transparent":0,"width":300,"elm_align":"center","shadow":"thin","top_show":"1","top_height":40,"top_sticky_height":0,"top_fullwidth":0,"middle_height":100,"middle_sticky_height":50,"middle_fullwidth":0,"bg_img":"","bg_img_wrapper_start":"","bg_img_size":"cover","bg_img_repeat":"repeat","bg_img_attachment":"scroll","bg_img_position":"top center","bgimage_wrapper_end":"","bottom_show":0,"bottom_height":50,"bottom_sticky_height":50,"bottom_fullwidth":0},"layout":{"top_left":["text:4"],"top_center":[],"top_right":["socials:1","text:2"],"middle_left":["image:1","image:2"],"middle_center":[],"middle_right":["menu:1"],"bottom_left":[],"bottom_center":[],"bottom_right":[],"hidden":[]}},"tablets":{"options":{"orientation":"hor","sticky":true,"scroll_breakpoint":100,"transparent":0,"width":300,"elm_align":"center","shadow":"thin","top_show":0,"top_height":36,"top_sticky_height":36,"top_fullwidth":0,"middle_height":80,"middle_sticky_height":50,"middle_fullwidth":0,"bg_img":"","bg_img_wrapper_start":"","bg_img_size":"cover","bg_img_repeat":"repeat","bg_img_attachment":"scroll","bg_img_position":"top center","bgimage_wrapper_end":"","bottom_show":0,"bottom_height":50,"bottom_sticky_height":50,"bottom_fullwidth":0},"layout":{"top_left":[],"top_center":[],"top_right":[],"middle_left":["image:1"],"middle_center":["image:2"],"middle_right":["menu:1"],"bottom_left":[],"bottom_center":[],"bottom_right":[],"hidden":["text:2","text:4","socials:1"]}},"mobiles":{"options":{"orientation":"hor","sticky":true,"scroll_breakpoint":50,"transparent":0,"width":300,"elm_align":"center","shadow":"thin","top_show":0,"top_height":36,"top_sticky_height":36,"top_fullwidth":0,"middle_height":50,"middle_sticky_height":50,"middle_fullwidth":0,"bg_img":"","bg_img_wrapper_start":"","bg_img_size":"cover","bg_img_repeat":"repeat","bg_img_attachment":"scroll","bg_img_position":"top center","bgimage_wrapper_end":"","bottom_show":0,"bottom_height":50,"bottom_sticky_height":50,"bottom_fullwidth":0},"layout":{"top_left":[],"top_center":[],"top_right":[],"middle_left":["image:1"],"middle_center":["image:2"],"middle_right":["menu:1"],"bottom_left":[],"bottom_center":[],"bottom_right":[],"hidden":["text:2","text:4","socials:1"]}}};</script> <script type="text/javascript" src="//avs69.avs.org/wp-content/themes/Impreza/framework/js/jquery.easing.min.js?ver=6.7.1" id="us-jquery-easing-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="//avs69.avs.org/wp-content/themes/Impreza/framework/js/jquery.magnific-popup.js?ver=1.1.0" id="us-magnific-popup-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="//avs69.avs.org/wp-content/themes/Impreza/framework/js/jquery.simpleplaceholder.js?ver=6.7.1" id="us-simpleplaceholder-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="//avs69.avs.org/wp-content/themes/Impreza/framework/js/imagesloaded.js?ver=6.7.1" id="us-imagesloaded-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="//avs69.avs.org/wp-content/themes/Impreza/framework/js/us.core.js?ver=3.6" id="us-core-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="//avs69.avs.org/wp-content/themes/Impreza/framework/js/us.widgets.js?ver=3.6" id="us-widgets-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="//avs69.avs.org/wp-content/themes/Impreza/js/us.theme.js?ver=3.6" id="us-theme-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://avs69.avs.org/wp-includes/js/comment-reply.min.js?ver=6.7.1" id="comment-reply-js" async data-wp-strategy="async"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="wpls-pro-public-js-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var WplsPro = {"is_mobile":"0","is_rtl":"0","tooltip_theme":"punk","tooltip_animation":"grow","tooltip_behavior":"hover","tooltip_arrow":"true","tooltip_delay":"300","tooltip_distance":"6","tooltip_maxwidth":"","tooltip_minwidth":""}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://avs69.avs.org/wp-content/plugins/wp-logo-showcase-responsive-slider-pro/assets/js/wpls-pro-public.js?ver=1.3" id="wpls-pro-public-js-js"></script> <script>function gtElInit() {var lib = new google.translate.TranslateService();lib.translatePage('en', 'it', function () {});}</script> <script src="https://translate.google.com/translate_a/element.js?cb=gtElInit&amp;hl=en&amp;client=wt" type="text/javascript"></script> </body> </html>

Pages: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10