CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head>  <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-P63WKM1TM1"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-P63WKM1TM1'); </script>  <script type="text/javascript" > (function(m,e,t,r,i,k,a){m[i]=m[i]||function(){(m[i].a=m[i].a||[]).push(arguments)}; m[i].l=1*new Date(); for (var j = 0; j < document.scripts.length; j++) {if (document.scripts[j].src === r) { return; }} k=e.createElement(t),a=e.getElementsByTagName(t)[0],k.async=1,k.src=r,a.parentNode.insertBefore(k,a)}) (window, document, "script", "https://mc.yandex.ru/metrika/tag.js", "ym"); ym(55165297, "init", { clickmap:false, trackLinks:true, accurateTrackBounce:true, webvisor:false }); </script> <noscript><div><img src="https://mc.yandex.ru/watch/55165297" style="position:absolute; left:-9999px;" alt="" /></div></noscript>    <title>Search results for: random finite sets</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: random finite sets"> <meta name="keywords" content="random finite sets"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarMenu" aria-controls="navbarMenu" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"> <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span> </button> <div class="w-100"> <div class="d-none d-lg-flex flex-row-reverse"> <form method="get" action="https://waset.org/search" class="form-inline my-2 my-lg-0"> <input class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="search" placeholder="Search Conferences" value="random finite sets" name="q" aria-label="Search"> <button class="btn btn-light my-2 my-sm-0" type="submit"><i class="fas fa-search"></i></button> </form> </div> <div class="collapse navbar-collapse mt-1" id="navbarMenu"> <ul class="navbar-nav ml-auto align-items-center" id="mainNavMenu"> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/conferences" title="Conferences in 2024/2025/2026">Conferences</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/disciplines" title="Disciplines">Disciplines</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/committees" rel="nofollow">Committees</a> </li> <li class="nav-item dropdown"> <a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="#" id="navbarDropdownPublications" role="button" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"> Publications </a> <div class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="navbarDropdownPublications"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a> </div> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/page/support" title="Support">Support</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> <main> <div class="container mt-4"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-9 mx-auto"> <form method="get" action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="random finite sets"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 5595</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: random finite sets</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5595</span> Determining Optimal Number of Trees in Random Forests</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Songul%20Cinaroglu">Songul Cinaroglu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Random Forest is an efficient, multi-class machine learning method using for classification, regression and other tasks. This method is operating by constructing each tree using different bootstrap sample of the data. Determining the number of trees in random forests is an open question in the literature for studies about improving classification performance of random forests. Aim: The aim of this study is to analyze whether there is an optimal number of trees in Random Forests and how performance of Random Forests differ according to increase in number of trees using sample health data sets in R programme. Method: In this study we analyzed the performance of Random Forests as the number of trees grows and doubling the number of trees at every iteration using “random forest” package in R programme. For determining minimum and optimal number of trees we performed Mc Nemar test and Area Under ROC Curve respectively. Results: At the end of the analysis it was found that as the number of trees grows, it does not always means that the performance of the forest is better than forests which have fever trees. In other words larger number of trees only increases computational costs but not increases performance results. Conclusion: Despite general practice in using random forests is to generate large number of trees for having high performance results, this study shows that increasing number of trees doesn’t always improves performance. Future studies can compare different kinds of data sets and different performance measures to test whether Random Forest performance results change as number of trees increase or not. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=classification%20methods" title="classification methods">classification methods</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decision%20trees" title=" decision trees"> decision trees</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=number%20of%20trees" title=" number of trees"> number of trees</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=random%20forest" title=" random forest"> random forest</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30675/determining-optimal-number-of-trees-in-random-forests" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30675.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">396</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5594</span> Gaussian Particle Flow Bernoulli Filter for Single Target Tracking</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hyeongbok%20Kim">Hyeongbok Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lingling%20Zhao"> Lingling Zhao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiaohong%20Su"> Xiaohong Su</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Junjie%20Wang"> Junjie Wang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Bernoulli filter is a precise Bayesian filter for single target tracking based on the random finite set theory. The standard Bernoulli filter often underestimates the number of targets. This study proposes a Gaussian particle flow (GPF) Bernoulli filter employing particle flow to migrate particles from prior to posterior positions to improve the performance of the standard Bernoulli filter. By employing the particle flow filter, the computational speed of the Bernoulli filters is significantly improved. In addition, the GPF Bernoulli filter provides a more accurate estimation compared with that of the standard Bernoulli filter. Simulation results confirm the improved tracking performance and computational speed in two- and three-dimensional scenarios compared with other algorithms. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bernoulli%20filter" title="Bernoulli filter">Bernoulli filter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=particle%20filter" title=" particle filter"> particle filter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=particle%20flow%20filter" title=" particle flow filter"> particle flow filter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=random%20finite%20sets" title=" random finite sets"> random finite sets</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=target%20tracking" title=" target tracking"> target tracking</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162210/gaussian-particle-flow-bernoulli-filter-for-single-target-tracking" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162210.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">92</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5593</span> Estimation of a Finite Population Mean under Random Non Response Using Improved Nadaraya and Watson Kernel Weights</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nelson%20Bii">Nelson Bii</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Christopher%20Ouma"> Christopher Ouma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=John%20Odhiambo"> John Odhiambo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Non-response is a potential source of errors in sample surveys. It introduces bias and large variance in the estimation of finite population parameters. Regression models have been recognized as one of the techniques of reducing bias and variance due to random non-response using auxiliary data. In this study, it is assumed that random non-response occurs in the survey variable in the second stage of cluster sampling, assuming full auxiliary information is available throughout. Auxiliary information is used at the estimation stage via a regression model to address the problem of random non-response. In particular, the auxiliary information is used via an improved Nadaraya-Watson kernel regression technique to compensate for random non-response. The asymptotic bias and mean squared error of the estimator proposed are derived. Besides, a simulation study conducted indicates that the proposed estimator has smaller values of the bias and smaller mean squared error values compared to existing estimators of finite population mean. The proposed estimator is also shown to have tighter confidence interval lengths at a 95% coverage rate. The results obtained in this study are useful, for instance, in choosing efficient estimators of the finite population mean in demographic sample surveys. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mean%20squared%20error" title="mean squared error">mean squared error</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=random%20non-response" title=" random non-response"> random non-response</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=two-stage%20cluster%20sampling" title=" two-stage cluster sampling"> two-stage cluster sampling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=confidence%20interval%20lengths" title=" confidence interval lengths"> confidence interval lengths</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/117332/estimation-of-a-finite-population-mean-under-random-non-response-using-improved-nadaraya-and-watson-kernel-weights" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/117332.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">141</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5592</span> Using Combination of Sets of Features of Molecules for Aqueous Solubility Prediction: A Random Forest Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammet%20Baldan">Muhammet Baldan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Emel%20Timu%C3%A7in"> Emel Timuçin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Generally, absorption and bioavailability increase if solubility increases; therefore, it is crucial to predict them in drug discovery applications. Molecular descriptors and Molecular properties are traditionally used for the prediction of water solubility. There are various key descriptors that are used for this purpose, namely Drogan Descriptors, Morgan Descriptors, Maccs keys, etc., and each has different prediction capabilities with differentiating successes between different data sets. Another source for the prediction of solubility is structural features; they are commonly used for the prediction of solubility. However, there are little to no studies that combine three or more properties or descriptors for prediction to produce a more powerful prediction model. Unlike available models, we used a combination of those features in a random forest machine learning model for improved solubility prediction to better predict and, therefore, contribute to drug discovery systems. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solubility" title="solubility">solubility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=random%20forest" title=" random forest"> random forest</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=molecular%20descriptors" title=" molecular descriptors"> molecular descriptors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maccs%20keys" title=" maccs keys"> maccs keys</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186736/using-combination-of-sets-of-features-of-molecules-for-aqueous-solubility-prediction-a-random-forest-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186736.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">48</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5591</span> Numerical Study of Natural Convection Heat Transfer Performance in an Inclined Cavity: Nanofluid and Random Temperature</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hicham%20Salhi">Hicham Salhi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Si-Ameur"> Mohamed Si-Ameur</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nadjib%20Chafai"> Nadjib Chafai</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Natural convection of a nanofluid consisting of water and nanoparticles (Ag or TiO2) in an inclined enclosure cavity, has been studied numerically, heated by a (random temperature, based on the random function). The governing equations are solved numerically using the finite-volume. Results are presented in the form of streamlines, isotherms, and average Nusselt number. In addition, a parametric study is carried out to examine explicitly the volume fraction effects of nanoparticles (Ψ= 0.1, 0.2), the Rayleigh number (Ra=103, 104, 105, 106),the inclination angle of the cavity( égale à 0°, 30°, 45°, 90°, 135°, 180°), types of temperature (constant ,random), types of (NF) (Ag andTiO2). The results reveal that (NPs) addition remarkably enhances heat transfer in the cavity especially for (Ψ= 0.2). Besides, the effect of inclination angle and type of temperature is more pronounced at higher Rayleigh number. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanofluid" title="nanofluid">nanofluid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=natural%20convection" title=" natural convection"> natural convection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inclined%20cavity" title=" inclined cavity"> inclined cavity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=random%20temperature" title=" random temperature"> random temperature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite-volume" title=" finite-volume"> finite-volume</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45433/numerical-study-of-natural-convection-heat-transfer-performance-in-an-inclined-cavity-nanofluid-and-random-temperature" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45433.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">289</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5590</span> Supervised Machine Learning Approach for Studying the Effect of Different Joint Sets on Stability of Mine Pit Slopes Under the Presence of Different External Factors</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sudhir%20Kumar%20Singh">Sudhir Kumar Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Debashish%20Chakravarty"> Debashish Chakravarty</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Slope stability analysis is an important aspect in the field of geotechnical engineering. It is also important from safety, and economic point of view as any slope failure leads to loss of valuable lives and damage to property worth millions. This paper aims at mitigating the risk of slope failure by studying the effect of different joint sets on the stability of mine pit slopes under the influence of various external factors, namely degree of saturation, rainfall intensity, and seismic coefficients. Supervised machine learning approach has been utilized for making accurate and reliable predictions regarding the stability of slopes based on the value of Factor of Safety. Numerous cases have been studied for analyzing the stability of slopes using the popular Finite Element Method, and the data thus obtained has been used as training data for the supervised machine learning models. The input data has been trained on different supervised machine learning models, namely Random Forest, Decision Tree, Support vector Machine, and XGBoost. Distinct test data that is not present in training data has been used for measuring the performance and accuracy of different models. Although all models have performed well on the test dataset but Random Forest stands out from others due to its high accuracy of greater than 95%, thus helping us by providing a valuable tool at our disposition which is neither computationally expensive nor time consuming and in good accordance with the numerical analysis result. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20element%20method" title="finite element method">finite element method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geotechnical%20engineering" title=" geotechnical engineering"> geotechnical engineering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=machine%20learning" title=" machine learning"> machine learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=slope%20stability" title=" slope stability"> slope stability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158242/supervised-machine-learning-approach-for-studying-the-effect-of-different-joint-sets-on-stability-of-mine-pit-slopes-under-the-presence-of-different-external-factors" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158242.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">102</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5589</span> Some New Hesitant Fuzzy Sets Operator</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20S.%20Thakur">G. S. Thakur </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, four new operators (O1, O2, O3, O4) are proposed, defined and considered to study the new properties and identities on hesitant fuzzy sets. These operators are useful for different operation on hesitant fuzzy sets. The various theorems are proved using the new operators. The study of the proposed new operators has opened a new area of research and applications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vague%20sets" title="vague sets">vague sets</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hesitant%20fuzzy%20sets" title=" hesitant fuzzy sets"> hesitant fuzzy sets</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intuitionistic%20fuzzy%20set" title=" intuitionistic fuzzy set"> intuitionistic fuzzy set</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy%20sets" title=" fuzzy sets"> fuzzy sets</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy%20multisets" title=" fuzzy multisets "> fuzzy multisets </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5174/some-new-hesitant-fuzzy-sets-operator" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5174.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">287</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5588</span> The Use of Random Set Method in Reliability Analysis of Deep Excavations</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arefeh%20Arabaninezhad">Arefeh Arabaninezhad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Fakher"> Ali Fakher</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Since the deterministic analysis methods fail to take system uncertainties into account, probabilistic and non-probabilistic methods are suggested. Geotechnical analyses are used to determine the stress and deformation caused by construction; accordingly, many input variables which depend on ground behavior are required for geotechnical analyses. The Random Set approach is an applicable reliability analysis method when comprehensive sources of information are not available. Using Random Set method, with relatively small number of simulations compared to fully probabilistic methods, smooth extremes on system responses are obtained. Therefore random set approach has been proposed for reliability analysis in geotechnical problems. In the present study, the application of random set method in reliability analysis of deep excavations is investigated through three deep excavation projects which were monitored during the excavating process. A finite element code is utilized for numerical modeling. Two expected ranges, from different sources of information, are established for each input variable, and a specific probability assignment is defined for each range. To determine the most influential input variables and subsequently reducing the number of required finite element calculations, sensitivity analysis is carried out. Input data for finite element model are obtained by combining the upper and lower bounds of the input variables. The relevant probability share of each finite element calculation is determined considering the probability assigned to input variables present in these combinations. Horizontal displacement of the top point of excavation is considered as the main response of the system. The result of reliability analysis for each intended deep excavation is presented by constructing the Belief and Plausibility distribution function (i.e. lower and upper bounds) of system response obtained from deterministic finite element calculations. To evaluate the quality of input variables as well as applied reliability analysis method, the range of displacements extracted from models has been compared to the in situ measurements and good agreement is observed. The comparison also showed that Random Set Finite Element Method applies to estimate the horizontal displacement of the top point of deep excavation. Finally, the probability of failure or unsatisfactory performance of the system is evaluated by comparing the threshold displacement with reliability analysis results. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deep%20excavation" title="deep excavation">deep excavation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=random%20set%20finite%20element%20method" title=" random set finite element method"> random set finite element method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reliability%20analysis" title=" reliability analysis"> reliability analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=uncertainty" title=" uncertainty"> uncertainty</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64667/the-use-of-random-set-method-in-reliability-analysis-of-deep-excavations" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64667.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">268</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5587</span> Influence of Random Fibre Packing on the Compressive Strength of Fibre Reinforced Plastic</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20Wang">Y. Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Zhang"> S. Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=X.%20Chen"> X. Chen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The longitudinal compressive strength of fibre reinforced plastic (FRP) possess a large stochastic variability, which limits efficient application of composite structures. This study aims to address how the random fibre packing affects the uncertainty of FRP compressive strength. An novel approach is proposed to generate random fibre packing status by a combination of Latin hypercube sampling and random sequential expansion. 3D nonlinear finite element model is built which incorporates both the matrix plasticity and fibre geometrical instability. The matrix is modeled by isotropic ideal elasto-plastic solid elements, and the fibres are modeled by linear-elastic rebar elements. Composite with a series of different nominal fibre volume fractions are studied. Premature fibre waviness at different magnitude and direction is introduced in the finite element model. Compressive tests on uni-directional CFRP (carbon fibre reinforced plastic) are conducted following the ASTM D6641. By a comparison of 3D FE models and compressive tests, it is clearly shown that the stochastic variation of compressive strength is partly caused by the random fibre packing, and normal or lognormal distribution tends to be a good fit the probabilistic compressive strength. Furthermore, it is also observed that different random fibre packing could trigger two different fibre micro-buckling modes while subjected to longitudinal compression: out-of-plane buckling and twisted buckling. The out-of-plane buckling mode results much larger compressive strength, and this is the major reason why the random fibre packing results a large uncertainty in the FRP compressive strength. This study would contribute to new approaches to the quality control of FRP considering higher compressive strength or lower uncertainty. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compressive%20strength" title="compressive strength">compressive strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FRP" title=" FRP"> FRP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=micro-buckling" title=" micro-buckling"> micro-buckling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=random%20fibre%20packing" title=" random fibre packing"> random fibre packing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/86173/influence-of-random-fibre-packing-on-the-compressive-strength-of-fibre-reinforced-plastic" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/86173.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">273</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5586</span> A Study of Closed Sets and Maps with Ideals</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asha%20Gupta">Asha Gupta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ramandeep%20Kaur"> Ramandeep Kaur</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this paper is to study a class of closed sets, called generalized pre-closed sets with respect to an ideal (briefly Igp-closed sets), which is an extension of generalized pre-closed sets in general topology. Then, by using these sets, the concepts of Igp- compact spaces along with some classes of maps like continuous and closed maps via ideals have been introduced and analogues of some known results for compact spaces, continuous maps and closed maps in general topology have been obtained. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ideal" title="ideal">ideal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gp-closed%20sets" title=" gp-closed sets"> gp-closed sets</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gp-closed%20maps" title=" gp-closed maps"> gp-closed maps</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gp-continuous%20maps" title=" gp-continuous maps"> gp-continuous maps</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58368/a-study-of-closed-sets-and-maps-with-ideals" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58368.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">225</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5585</span> A Proof of the Fact that a Finite Morphism is Proper</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ying%20Yi%20Wu">Ying Yi Wu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we present a proof of the fact that a finite morphism is proper. We show that a finite morphism is universally closed and of finite type, which are the conditions for properness. Our proof is based on the theory of schemes and involves the use of the projection formula and the base change theorem. We first show that a finite morphism is of finite type and then proceed to show that it is universally closed. We use the fact that a finite morphism is also an affine morphism, which allows us to use the theory of coherent sheaves and their modules. We then show that the map induced by a finite morphism is flat and that the module it induces is of finite type. We use these facts to show that a finite morphism is universally closed. Our proof is constructive, and we provide details for each step of the argument. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite" title="finite">finite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=morphism" title=" morphism"> morphism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=schemes" title=" schemes"> schemes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=projection." title=" projection."> projection.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163708/a-proof-of-the-fact-that-a-finite-morphism-is-proper" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163708.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">111</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5584</span> Application of Soft Sets to Non-Associative Rings</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Inayatur%20Rehman">Inayatur Rehman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Molodtstove developed the theory of soft sets which can be seen as an effective tool to deal with uncertainties. Since the introduction of this concept, the application of soft sets has been restricted to associative algebraic structures (groups, semi groups, associative rings, semi-rings etc.). Acceptably, though the study of soft sets, where the base set of parameters is a commutative structure, has attracted the attention of many researchers for more than one decade. But on the other hand there are many sets which are naturally endowed by two compatible binary operations forming a non-associative ring and we may dig out examples which investigate a non-associative structure in the context of soft sets. Thus it seems natural to apply the concept of soft sets to non-commutative and non-associative structures. In present paper, we make a new approach to apply Molodtsoves notion of soft sets to LA-ring (a class of non-associative ring). We extend the study of soft commutative rings from theoretical aspect. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soft%20sets" title="soft sets">soft sets</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LA-rings" title=" LA-rings"> LA-rings</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soft%20LA-rings" title=" soft LA-rings"> soft LA-rings</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soft%20ideals" title=" soft ideals"> soft ideals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soft%20prime%20ideals" title=" soft prime ideals"> soft prime ideals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=idealistic%0D%0Asoft%20LA-rings" title=" idealistic soft LA-rings"> idealistic soft LA-rings</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LA-ring%20homomorphism" title=" LA-ring homomorphism "> LA-ring homomorphism </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33475/application-of-soft-sets-to-non-associative-rings" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33475.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">465</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5583</span> Nonlinear Vibration of FGM Plates Subjected to Acoustic Load in Thermal Environment Using Finite Element Modal Reduction Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hassan%20Parandvar">Hassan Parandvar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mehrdad%20Farid"> Mehrdad Farid</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, a finite element modeling is presented for large amplitude vibration of functionally graded material (FGM) plates subjected to combined random pressure and thermal load. The material properties of the plates are assumed to vary continuously in the thickness direction by a simple power law distribution in terms of the volume fractions of the constituents. The material properties depend on the temperature whose distribution along the thickness can be expressed explicitly. The von Karman large deflection strain displacement and extended Hamilton's principle are used to obtain the governing system of equations of motion in structural node degrees of freedom (DOF) using finite element method. Three-node triangular Mindlin plate element with shear correction factor is used. The nonlinear equations of motion in structural degrees of freedom are reduced by using modal reduction method. The reduced equations of motion are solved numerically by 4th order Runge-Kutta scheme. In this study, the random pressure is generated using Monte Carlo method. The modeling is verified and the nonlinear dynamic response of FGM plates is studied for various values of volume fraction and sound pressure level under different thermal loads. Snap-through type behavior of FGM plates is studied too. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nonlinear%20vibration" title="nonlinear vibration">nonlinear vibration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20element%20method" title=" finite element method"> finite element method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=functionally%20graded%20material%20%28FGM%29%20plates" title=" functionally graded material (FGM) plates"> functionally graded material (FGM) plates</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=snap-through" title=" snap-through"> snap-through</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=random%20vibration" title=" random vibration"> random vibration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20effect" title=" thermal effect"> thermal effect</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44874/nonlinear-vibration-of-fgm-plates-subjected-to-acoustic-load-in-thermal-environment-using-finite-element-modal-reduction-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44874.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">263</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5582</span> Predicting the Diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Disease: Development and Validation of Machine Learning Models</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jay%20L.%20Fu">Jay L. Fu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Patients with Alzheimer's disease progressively lose their memory and thinking skills and, eventually, the ability to carry out simple daily tasks. The disease is irreversible, but early detection and treatment can slow down the disease progression. In this research, publicly available MRI data and demographic data from 373 MRI imaging sessions were utilized to build models to predict dementia. Various machine learning models, including logistic regression, k-nearest neighbor, support vector machine, random forest, and neural network, were developed. Data were divided into training and testing sets, where training sets were used to build the predictive model, and testing sets were used to assess the accuracy of prediction. Key risk factors were identified, and various models were compared to come forward with the best prediction model. Among these models, the random forest model appeared to be the best model with an accuracy of 90.34%. MMSE, nWBV, and gender were the three most important contributing factors to the detection of Alzheimer’s. Among all the models used, the percent in which at least 4 of the 5 models shared the same diagnosis for a testing input was 90.42%. These machine learning models allow early detection of Alzheimer’s with good accuracy, which ultimately leads to early treatment of these patients. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alzheimer%27s%20disease" title="Alzheimer's disease">Alzheimer's disease</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clinical%20diagnosis" title=" clinical diagnosis"> clinical diagnosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic%20resonance%20imaging" title=" magnetic resonance imaging"> magnetic resonance imaging</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=machine%20learning%20prediction" title=" machine learning prediction"> machine learning prediction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/131623/predicting-the-diagnosis-of-alzheimers-disease-development-and-validation-of-machine-learning-models" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/131623.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">143</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5581</span> Different Sampling Schemes for Semi-Parametric Frailty Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nursel%20Koyuncu">Nursel Koyuncu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nihal%20Ata%20Tutkun"> Nihal Ata Tutkun</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Frailty model is a survival model that takes into account the unobserved heterogeneity for exploring the relationship between the survival of an individual and several covariates. In the recent years, proposed survival models become more complex and this feature causes convergence problems especially in large data sets. Therefore selection of sample from these big data sets is very important for estimation of parameters. In sampling literature, some authors have defined new sampling schemes to predict the parameters correctly. For this aim, we try to see the effect of sampling design in semi-parametric frailty model. We conducted a simulation study in R programme to estimate the parameters of semi-parametric frailty model for different sample sizes, censoring rates under classical simple random sampling and ranked set sampling schemes. In the simulation study, we used data set recording 17260 male Civil Servants aged 40–64 years with complete 10-year follow-up as population. Time to death from coronary heart disease is treated as a survival-time and age, systolic blood pressure are used as covariates. We select the 1000 samples from population using different sampling schemes and estimate the parameters. From the simulation study, we concluded that ranked set sampling design performs better than simple random sampling for each scenario. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=frailty%20model" title="frailty model">frailty model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ranked%20set%20sampling" title=" ranked set sampling"> ranked set sampling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=efficiency" title=" efficiency"> efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=simple%20random%20sampling" title=" simple random sampling"> simple random sampling</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76811/different-sampling-schemes-for-semi-parametric-frailty-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76811.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">212</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5580</span> Rank of Semigroup: Generating Sets and Cases Revealing Limitations of the Concept of Independence</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zsolt%20Lipcsey">Zsolt Lipcsey</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sampson%20Marshal%20Imeh"> Sampson Marshal Imeh </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We investigate a certain characterisation for rank of a semigroup by Howie and Ribeiro (1999), to ascertain the relevance of the concept of independence. There are cases where the concept of independence fails to be useful for this purpose. One would expect the basic element to be the maximal independent subset of a given semigroup. However, we construct examples for semigroups where finite basis exist and the basis is larger than the number of independent elements. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=generating%20sets" title="generating sets">generating sets</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=independent%20set" title=" independent set"> independent set</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rank" title=" rank"> rank</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cyclic%20semigroup" title=" cyclic semigroup"> cyclic semigroup</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=basis" title=" basis"> basis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=commutative" title=" commutative"> commutative</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/107773/rank-of-semigroup-generating-sets-and-cases-revealing-limitations-of-the-concept-of-independence" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/107773.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">190</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5579</span> Using Analytical Hierarchy Process and TOPSIS Approaches in Designing a Finite Element Analysis Automation Program</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ming%20Wen">Ming Wen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nasim%20Nezamoddini"> Nasim Nezamoddini</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Sophisticated numerical simulations like finite element analysis (FEA) involve a complicated process from model setup to post-processing tasks that require replication of time-consuming steps. Utilizing FEA automation program simplifies the complexity of the involved steps while minimizing human errors in analysis set up, calculations, and results processing. One of the main challenges in designing FEA automation programs is to identify user requirements and link them to possible design alternatives. This paper presents a decision-making framework to design a Python based FEA automation program for modal analysis, frequency response analysis, and random vibration fatigue (RVF) analysis procedures. Analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) are applied to evaluate design alternatives considering the feedback received from experts and program users. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20element%20analysis" title="finite element analysis">finite element analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FEA" title=" FEA"> FEA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=random%20vibration%20fatigue" title=" random vibration fatigue"> random vibration fatigue</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=process%20automation" title=" process automation"> process automation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=analytical%20hierarchy%20process" title=" analytical hierarchy process"> analytical hierarchy process</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=AHP" title=" AHP"> AHP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TOPSIS" title=" TOPSIS"> TOPSIS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multiple-criteria%20decision-making" title=" multiple-criteria decision-making"> multiple-criteria decision-making</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MCDM" title=" MCDM"> MCDM</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/131037/using-analytical-hierarchy-process-and-topsis-approaches-in-designing-a-finite-element-analysis-automation-program" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/131037.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">113</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5578</span> Stochastic Simulation of Random Numbers Using Linear Congruential Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Melvin%20Ballera">Melvin Ballera</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aldrich%20Olivar"> Aldrich Olivar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mary%20Soriano"> Mary Soriano</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Digital computers nowadays must be able to have a utility that is capable of generating random numbers. Usually, computer-generated random numbers are not random given predefined values such as starting point and end points, making the sequence almost predictable. There are many applications of random numbers such business simulation, manufacturing, services domain, entertainment sector and other equally areas making worthwhile to design a unique method and to allow unpredictable random numbers. Applying stochastic simulation using linear congruential algorithm, it shows that as it increases the numbers of the seed and range the number randomly produced or selected by the computer becomes unique. If this implemented in an environment where random numbers are very much needed, the reliability of the random number is guaranteed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stochastic%20simulation" title="stochastic simulation">stochastic simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=random%20numbers" title=" random numbers"> random numbers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=linear%20congruential%20algorithm" title=" linear congruential algorithm"> linear congruential algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pseudorandomness" title=" pseudorandomness"> pseudorandomness</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52819/stochastic-simulation-of-random-numbers-using-linear-congruential-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52819.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">318</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5577</span> A Study of Non Linear Partial Differential Equation with Random Initial Condition</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ayaz%20Ahmad">Ayaz Ahmad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this work, we present the effect of noise on the solution of a partial differential equation (PDE) in three different setting. We shall first consider random initial condition for two nonlinear dispersive PDE the non linear Schrodinger equation and the Kortteweg –de vries equation and analyse their effect on some special solution , the soliton solutions.The second case considered a linear partial differential equation , the wave equation with random initial conditions allow to substantially decrease the computational and data storage costs of an algorithm to solve the inverse problem based on the boundary measurements of the solution of this equation. Finally, the third example considered is that of the linear transport equation with a singular drift term, when we shall show that the addition of a multiplicative noise term forbids the blow up of solutions under a very weak hypothesis for which we have finite time blow up of a solution in the deterministic case. Here we consider the problem of wave propagation, which is modelled by a nonlinear dispersive equation with noisy initial condition .As observed noise can also be introduced directly in the equations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drift%20term" title="drift term">drift term</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20time%20blow%20up" title=" finite time blow up"> finite time blow up</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inverse%20problem" title=" inverse problem"> inverse problem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soliton%20solution" title=" soliton solution"> soliton solution</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77445/a-study-of-non-linear-partial-differential-equation-with-random-initial-condition" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77445.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">216</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5576</span> Stochastic Model Predictive Control for Linear Discrete-Time Systems with Random Dither Quantization</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tomoaki%20Hashimoto">Tomoaki Hashimoto</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Recently, feedback control systems using random dither quantizers have been proposed for linear discrete-time systems. However, the constraints imposed on state and control variables have not yet been taken into account for the design of feedback control systems with random dither quantization. Model predictive control is a kind of optimal feedback control in which control performance over a finite future is optimized with a performance index that has a moving initial and terminal time. An important advantage of model predictive control is its ability to handle constraints imposed on state and control variables. Based on the model predictive control approach, the objective of this paper is to present a control method that satisfies probabilistic state constraints for linear discrete-time feedback control systems with random dither quantization. In other words, this paper provides a method for solving the optimal control problems subject to probabilistic state constraints for linear discrete-time feedback control systems with random dither quantization. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimal%20control" title="optimal control">optimal control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stochastic%20systems" title=" stochastic systems"> stochastic systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=random%20dither" title=" random dither"> random dither</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quantization" title=" quantization"> quantization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63970/stochastic-model-predictive-control-for-linear-discrete-time-systems-with-random-dither-quantization" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63970.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">446</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5575</span> Existence Result of Third Order Functional Random Integro-Differential Inclusion</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20S.%20Palimkar">D. S. Palimkar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The FRIGDI (functional random integrodifferential inclusion) seems to be new and includes several known random differential inclusions already studied in the literature as special cases have been discussed in the literature for various aspects of the solutions. In this paper, we prove the existence result for FIGDI under the non-convex case of multi-valued function involved in it.Using random fixed point theorem of B. C. Dhage and caratheodory condition. This result is new to the theory of differential inclusion. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=caratheodory%20condition" title="caratheodory condition">caratheodory condition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=random%20differential%20inclusion" title=" random differential inclusion"> random differential inclusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=random%20solution" title=" random solution"> random solution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=integro-differential%20inclusion" title=" integro-differential inclusion"> integro-differential inclusion</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34570/existence-result-of-third-order-functional-random-integro-differential-inclusion" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34570.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">466</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5574</span> Existence Theory for First Order Functional Random Differential Equations</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rajkumar%20N.%20Ingle">Rajkumar N. Ingle</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, the existence of a solution of nonlinear functional random differential equations of the first order is proved under caratheodory condition. The study of the functional random differential equation has got importance in the random analysis of the dynamical systems of universal phenomena. Objectives: Nonlinear functional random differential equation is useful to the scientists, engineers, and mathematicians, who are engaged in N.F.R.D.E. analyzing a universal random phenomenon, govern by nonlinear random initial value problems of D.E. Applications of this in the theory of diffusion or heat conduction. Methodology: Using the concepts of probability theory, functional analysis, generally the existence theorems for the nonlinear F.R.D.E. are prove by using some tools such as fixed point theorem. The significance of the study: Our contribution will be the generalization of some well-known results in the theory of Nonlinear F.R.D.E.s. Further, it seems that our study will be useful to scientist, engineers, economists and mathematicians in their endeavors to analyses the nonlinear random problems of the universe in a better way. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Random%20Fixed%20Point%20Theorem" title="Random Fixed Point Theorem">Random Fixed Point Theorem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=functional%20random%20differential%20equation" title=" functional random differential equation"> functional random differential equation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.F.R.D.E." title=" N.F.R.D.E."> N.F.R.D.E.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=universal%20random%20phenomenon" title=" universal random phenomenon "> universal random phenomenon </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28934/existence-theory-for-first-order-functional-random-differential-equations" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28934.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">503</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5573</span> Voxel Models as Input for Heat Transfer Simulations with Siemens NX Based on X-Ray Microtomography Images of Random Fibre Reinforced Composites</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Steven%20Latr%C3%A9">Steven Latré</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Frederik%20Desplentere"> Frederik Desplentere</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ilya%20Straumit"> Ilya Straumit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stepan%20V.%20Lomov"> Stepan V. Lomov</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A method is proposed in order to create a three-dimensional finite element model representing fibre reinforced insulation materials for the simulation software Siemens NX. VoxTex software, a tool for quantification of µCT images of fibrous materials, is used for the transformation of microtomography images of random fibre reinforced composites into finite element models. An automatic tool was developed to execute the import of the models to the thermal solver module of Siemens NX. The paper describes the numerical tools used for the image quantification and the transformation and illustrates them on several thermal simulations of fibre reinforced insulation blankets filled with low thermal conductive fillers. The calculation of thermal conductivity is validated by comparison with the experimental data. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=analysis" title="analysis">analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modelling" title=" modelling"> modelling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal" title=" thermal"> thermal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=voxel" title=" voxel"> voxel</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70059/voxel-models-as-input-for-heat-transfer-simulations-with-siemens-nx-based-on-x-ray-microtomography-images-of-random-fibre-reinforced-composites" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70059.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">287</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5572</span> Orbit Determination from Two Position Vectors Using Finite Difference Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Akhilesh%20Kumar">Akhilesh Kumar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sathyanarayan%20G."> Sathyanarayan G.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nirmala%20S."> Nirmala S.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> An unusual approach is developed to determine the orbit of satellites/space objects. The determination of orbits is considered a boundary value problem and has been solved using the finite difference method (FDM). Only positions of the satellites/space objects are known at two end times taken as boundary conditions. The technique of finite difference has been used to calculate the orbit between end times. In this approach, the governing equation is defined as the satellite's equation of motion with a perturbed acceleration. Using the finite difference method, the governing equations and boundary conditions are discretized. The resulting system of algebraic equations is solved using Tri Diagonal Matrix Algorithm (TDMA) until convergence is achieved. This methodology test and evaluation has been done using all GPS satellite orbits from National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NGA) precise product for Doy 125, 2023. Towards this, two hours of twelve sets have been taken into consideration. Only positions at the end times of each twelve sets are considered boundary conditions. This algorithm is applied to all GPS satellites. Results achieved using FDM compared with the results of NGA precise orbits. The maximum RSS error for the position is 0.48 [m] and the velocity is 0.43 [mm/sec]. Also, the present algorithm is applied on the IRNSS satellites for Doy 220, 2023. The maximum RSS error for the position is 0.49 [m], and for velocity is 0.28 [mm/sec]. Next, a simulation has been done for a Highly Elliptical orbit for DOY 63, 2023, for the duration of 6 hours. The RSS of difference in position is 0.92 [m] and velocity is 1.58 [mm/sec] for the orbital speed of more than 5km/sec. Whereas the RSS of difference in position is 0.13 [m] and velocity is 0.12 [mm/sec] for the orbital speed less than 5km/sec. Results show that the newly created method is reliable and accurate. Further applications of the developed methodology include missile and spacecraft targeting, orbit design (mission planning), space rendezvous and interception, space debris correlation, and navigation solutions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20difference%20method" title="finite difference method">finite difference method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=grid%20generation" title=" grid generation"> grid generation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NavIC%20system" title=" NavIC system"> NavIC system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=orbit%20perturbation" title=" orbit perturbation"> orbit perturbation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168715/orbit-determination-from-two-position-vectors-using-finite-difference-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168715.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">86</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5571</span> A Very Efficient Pseudo-Random Number Generator Based On Chaotic Maps and S-Box Tables</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Hamdi">M. Hamdi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Rhouma"> R. Rhouma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Belghith"> S. Belghith </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Generating random numbers are mainly used to create secret keys or random sequences. It can be carried out by various techniques. In this paper we present a very simple and efficient pseudo-random number generator (PRNG) based on chaotic maps and S-Box tables. This technique adopted two main operations one to generate chaotic values using two logistic maps and the second to transform them into binary words using random S-Box tables. The simulation analysis indicates that our PRNG possessing excellent statistical and cryptographic properties. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Random%20Numbers" title="Random Numbers">Random Numbers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chaotic%20map" title=" Chaotic map"> Chaotic map</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S-box" title=" S-box"> S-box</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cryptography" title=" cryptography"> cryptography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=statistical%20tests" title=" statistical tests"> statistical tests</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21757/a-very-efficient-pseudo-random-number-generator-based-on-chaotic-maps-and-s-box-tables" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21757.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">366</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5570</span> Regularity and Maximal Congruence in Transformation Semigroups with Fixed Sets</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chollawat%20Pookpienlert">Chollawat Pookpienlert</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jintana%20Sanwong"> Jintana Sanwong</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> An element a of a semigroup S is called left (right) regular if there exists x in S such that a=xa² (a=a²x) and said to be intra-regular if there exist u,v in such that a=ua²v. Let T(X) be the semigroup of all full transformations on a set X under the composition of maps. For a fixed nonempty subset Y of X, let Fix(X,Y)={α ™ T(X) : yα=y for all y ™ Y}, where yα is the image of y under α. Then Fix(X,Y) is a semigroup of full transformations on X which fix all elements in Y. Here, we characterize left regular, right regular and intra-regular elements of Fix(X,Y) which characterizations are shown as follows: For α ™ Fix(X,Y), (i) α is left regular if and only if Xα\Y = Xα²\Y, (ii) α is right regular if and only if πα = πα², (iii) α is intra-regular if and only if | Xα\Y | = | Xα²\Y | such that Xα = {xα : x ™ X} and πα = {xα⁻¹ : x ™ Xα} in which xα⁻¹ = {a ™ X : aα=x}. Moreover, those regularities are equivalent if Xα\Y is a finite set. In addition, we count the number of those elements of Fix(X,Y) when X is a finite set. Finally, we determine the maximal congruence ρ on Fix(X,Y) when X is finite and Y is a nonempty proper subset of X. If we let | X \Y | = n, then we obtain that ρ = (Fixn x Fixn) ∪ (H ε x H ε) where Fixn = {α ™ Fix(X,Y) : | Xα\Y | < n} and H ε is the group of units of Fix(X,Y). Furthermore, we show that the maximal congruence is unique. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intra-regular" title="intra-regular">intra-regular</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=left%20regular" title=" left regular"> left regular</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maximal%20congruence" title=" maximal congruence"> maximal congruence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=right%20regular" title=" right regular"> right regular</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transformation%20semigroup" title=" transformation semigroup"> transformation semigroup</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59305/regularity-and-maximal-congruence-in-transformation-semigroups-with-fixed-sets" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59305.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">229</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5569</span> Nonlinear Finite Element Modeling of Deep Beam Resting on Linear and Nonlinear Random Soil</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Seguini">M. Seguini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20Nedjar"> D. Nedjar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> An accuracy nonlinear analysis of a deep beam resting on elastic perfectly plastic soil is carried out in this study. In fact, a nonlinear finite element modeling for large deflection and moderate rotation of Euler-Bernoulli beam resting on linear and nonlinear random soil is investigated. The geometric nonlinear analysis of the beam is based on the theory of von Kàrmàn, where the Newton-Raphson incremental iteration method is implemented in a Matlab code to solve the nonlinear equation of the soil-beam interaction system. However, two analyses (deterministic and probabilistic) are proposed to verify the accuracy and the efficiency of the proposed model where the theory of the local average based on the Monte Carlo approach is used to analyze the effect of the spatial variability of the soil properties on the nonlinear beam response. The effect of six main parameters are investigated: the external load, the length of a beam, the coefficient of subgrade reaction of the soil, the Young’s modulus of the beam, the coefficient of variation and the correlation length of the soil’s coefficient of subgrade reaction. A comparison between the beam resting on linear and nonlinear soil models is presented for different beam’s length and external load. Numerical results have been obtained for the combination of the geometric nonlinearity of beam and material nonlinearity of random soil. This comparison highlighted the need of including the material nonlinearity and spatial variability of the soil in the geometric nonlinear analysis, when the beam undergoes large deflections. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20element%20method" title="finite element method">finite element method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geometric%20nonlinearity" title=" geometric nonlinearity"> geometric nonlinearity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=material%20nonlinearity" title=" material nonlinearity"> material nonlinearity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soil-structure%20interaction" title=" soil-structure interaction"> soil-structure interaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spatial%20variability" title=" spatial variability"> spatial variability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40934/nonlinear-finite-element-modeling-of-deep-beam-resting-on-linear-and-nonlinear-random-soil" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40934.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">414</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5568</span> Characterization of Number of Subgroups of Finite Groups</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khyati%20Sharma">Khyati Sharma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Satyanarayana%20Reddy"> A. Satyanarayana Reddy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The topic of how many subgroups exist within a certain finite group naturally arises in the study of finite groups. Over the years, different researchers have investigated this issue from a variety of angles. The significant contributions of the key mathematicians over the time have been summarized in this article. To this end, we classify finite groups into three categories viz. (a) Groups for which the number of subgroups is less than |G|, (b) equals to |G|, and finally, (c) greater than |G|. Because every element of a finite group generates a cyclic subgroup, counting cyclic subgroups is the most important task in this endeavor. A brief survey on the number of cyclic subgroups of finite groups is also conducted by us. Furthermore, we also covered certain arithmetic relations between the order of a finite group |G| and the number of its distinct cyclic subgroups |C(G)|. In order to provide pertinent context and possibly reveal new novel areas of potential research within the field of research on finite groups, we finally pose and solicit a few open questions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=abstract%20algebra" title="abstract algebra">abstract algebra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cyclic%20subgroup" title=" cyclic subgroup"> cyclic subgroup</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20group" title=" finite group"> finite group</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=subgroup" title=" subgroup"> subgroup</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153000/characterization-of-number-of-subgroups-of-finite-groups" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153000.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">120</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5567</span> Probability Sampling in Matched Case-Control Study in Drug Abuse</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Surya%20R.%20Niraula">Surya R. Niraula</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Devendra%20B%20Chhetry"> Devendra B Chhetry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Girish%20K.%20Singh"> Girish K. Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Nagesh"> S. Nagesh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Frederick%20A.%20Connell"> Frederick A. Connell</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Although random sampling is generally considered to be the gold standard for population-based research, the majority of drug abuse research is based on non-random sampling despite the well-known limitations of this kind of sampling. Method: We compared the statistical properties of two surveys of drug abuse in the same community: one using snowball sampling of drug users who then identified “friend controls” and the other using a random sample of non-drug users (controls) who then identified “friend cases.” Models to predict drug abuse based on risk factors were developed for each data set using conditional logistic regression. We compared the precision of each model using bootstrapping method and the predictive properties of each model using receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves. Results: Analysis of 100 random bootstrap samples drawn from the snowball-sample data set showed a wide variation in the standard errors of the beta coefficients of the predictive model, none of which achieved statistical significance. One the other hand, bootstrap analysis of the random-sample data set showed less variation, and did not change the significance of the predictors at the 5% level when compared to the non-bootstrap analysis. Comparison of the area under the ROC curves using the model derived from the random-sample data set was similar when fitted to either data set (0.93, for random-sample data vs. 0.91 for snowball-sample data, p=0.35); however, when the model derived from the snowball-sample data set was fitted to each of the data sets, the areas under the curve were significantly different (0.98 vs. 0.83, p < .001). Conclusion: The proposed method of random sampling of controls appears to be superior from a statistical perspective to snowball sampling and may represent a viable alternative to snowball sampling. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drug%20abuse" title="drug abuse">drug abuse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=matched%20case-control%20study" title=" matched case-control study"> matched case-control study</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-probability%20sampling" title=" non-probability sampling"> non-probability sampling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=probability%20sampling" title=" probability sampling"> probability sampling</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24612/probability-sampling-in-matched-case-control-study-in-drug-abuse" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24612.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">493</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5566</span> Numerical Simulation of Flexural Strength of Steel Fiber Reinforced High Volume Fly Ash Concrete by Finite Element Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahzabin%20Afroz">Mahzabin Afroz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Indubhushan%20Patnaikuni"> Indubhushan Patnaikuni</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Srikanth%20Venkatesan"> Srikanth Venkatesan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> It is well-known that fly ash can be used in high volume as a partial replacement of cement to get beneficial effects on concrete. High volume fly ash (HVFA) concrete is currently emerging as a popular option to strengthen by fiber. Although studies have supported the use of fibers with fly ash, a unified model along with the incorporation into finite element software package to estimate the maximum flexural loads need to be developed. In this study, nonlinear finite element analysis of steel fiber reinforced high strength HVFA concrete beam under static loadings was conducted to investigate their failure modes in terms of ultimate load. First of all, the experimental investigation of mechanical properties of high strength HVFA concrete was done and validates with developed numerical model with the appropriate modeling of element size and mesh by ANSYS 16.2. To model the fiber within the concrete, three-dimensional random fiber distribution was simulated by spherical coordinate system. Three types of high strength HVFA concrete beams were analyzed reinforced with 0.5, 1 and 1.5% volume fractions of steel fibers with specific mechanical and physical properties. The result reveals that the use of nonlinear finite element analysis technique and three-dimensional random fiber orientation exhibited fairly good agreement with the experimental results of flexural strength, load deflection and crack propagation mechanism. By utilizing this improved model, it is possible to determine the flexural behavior of different types and proportions of steel fiber reinforced HVFA concrete beam under static load. So, this paper has the originality to predict the flexural properties of steel fiber reinforced high strength HVFA concrete by numerical simulations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20element%20analysis" title="finite element analysis">finite element analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high%20volume%20fly%20ash" title=" high volume fly ash"> high volume fly ash</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=steel%20fibers" title=" steel fibers"> steel fibers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spherical%20coordinate%20system" title=" spherical coordinate system"> spherical coordinate system</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94109/numerical-simulation-of-flexural-strength-of-steel-fiber-reinforced-high-volume-fly-ash-concrete-by-finite-element-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94109.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">138</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=random%20finite%20sets&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=random%20finite%20sets&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=random%20finite%20sets&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=random%20finite%20sets&page=5">5</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=random%20finite%20sets&page=6">6</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=random%20finite%20sets&page=7">7</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=random%20finite%20sets&page=8">8</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=random%20finite%20sets&page=9">9</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=random%20finite%20sets&page=10">10</a></li> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">...</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=random%20finite%20sets&page=186">186</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=random%20finite%20sets&page=187">187</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=random%20finite%20sets&page=2" rel="next">&rsaquo;</a></li> </ul> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support#legal-information">Legal</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/WASET-16th-foundational-anniversary.pdf">WASET celebrates its 16th foundational anniversary</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Account <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile">My Account</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Explore <li><a href="https://waset.org/disciplines">Disciplines</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conferences">Conferences</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conference-programs">Conference Program</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/committees">Committees</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Publications</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Research <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Open Science <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Philosophy.pdf">Open Science Philosophy</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Award.pdf">Open Science Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Society-Open-Science-and-Open-Innovation.pdf">Open Innovation</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Postdoctoral-Fellowship-Award.pdf">Postdoctoral Fellowship Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Scholarly-Research-Review.pdf">Scholarly Research Review</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Support <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">Support</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Contact Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Report Abuse</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container text-center"> <hr style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.3rem;"> <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank" class="text-muted small">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</a> <div id="copy" class="mt-2">© 2024 World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology</div> </div> </footer> <a href="javascript:" id="return-to-top"><i class="fas fa-arrow-up"></i></a> <div class="modal" id="modal-template"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="row m-0 mt-1"> <div class="col-md-12"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></button> </div> </div> <div class="modal-body"></div> </div> </div> </div> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/jquery-3.3.1.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/js/site.js?v=150220211556"></script> <script> jQuery(document).ready(function() { /*jQuery.get("https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", function (response) { jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); });*/ jQuery.get({ url: "https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", cache: false }).then(function(response){ jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); }); }); </script> </body> </html>