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}.tw-absolute{position:absolute}.tw-relative{position:relative}.tw-inset-x-0{left:0;right:0}.tw-top-0{top:0}.tw-z-30{z-index:30}.tw-mx-auto{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.tw-flex{display:flex}.tw-w-full{width:100%}.tw-max-w-\[var$--spacing-page-width$\]{max-width:var(--spacing-page-width)}.tw-items-center{align-items:center}.tw-justify-end{justify-content:flex-end}.tw-gap-2{gap:.5rem}.tw-gap-3{gap:.75rem}.tw-rounded-md{border-radius:.375rem}.tw-bg-\[\#232329\]{--tw-bg-opacity: 1;background-color:rgb(35 35 41 / var(--tw-bg-opacity))}.tw-px-3{padding-left:.75rem;padding-right:.75rem}.tw-px-4{padding-left:1rem;padding-right:1rem}.tw-py-2{padding-top:.5rem;padding-bottom:.5rem}.tw-text-\[\#BBBBBF\]{--tw-text-opacity: 1;color:rgb(187 187 191 / var(--tw-text-opacity))}.tw-backdrop-blur-2xl{--tw-backdrop-blur: blur(40px);-webkit-backdrop-filter:var(--tw-backdrop-blur) var(--tw-backdrop-brightness) var(--tw-backdrop-contrast) var(--tw-backdrop-grayscale) var(--tw-backdrop-hue-rotate) 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group-hover/tab-button:group-data-[state=active]/tab-button:bg-background size-4 fa-icon" style="mask-image:url("https://icons.ferndocs.com/solid/book-open.svg");mask-repeat:no-repeat;mask-position:center center;-webkit-mask-image:url("https://icons.ferndocs.com/solid/book-open.svg");-webkit-mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-position:center center"></span></div></div><span class="truncate font-medium group-data-[state=active]/tab-button:font-semibold">Voice Agent</span></div></a></li><li><a class="min-h-[32px] lg:min-h-[36px] group/tab-button hover:t-accent flex min-w-0 flex-1 select-none items-center justify-start rounded-lg py-2 text-base group-hover/tab-button:transition lg:px-3 lg:text-sm data-[state=inactive]:t-muted data-[state=active]:t-accent" data-state="inactive" href="/docs/pre-recorded-audio"><div class="flex min-w-0 items-center justify-start space-x-4"><div class="min-w-fit"><div class="bg-card-surface ring-border-default group-hover/tab-button:bg-tag-primary group-hover/tab-button:ring-accent/70 group-data-[state=active]/tab-button:bg-accent group-hover/tab-button:group-data-[state=active]/tab-button:bg-accent flex size-6 items-center justify-center rounded-md shadow-sm ring-1 group-data-[state=active]/tab-button:ring-0"><span class="bg-faded group-hover/tab-button:bg-accent group-data-[state=active]/tab-button:bg-background group-hover/tab-button:group-data-[state=active]/tab-button:bg-background size-4 fa-icon" style="mask-image:url("https://icons.ferndocs.com/solid/book-open.svg");mask-repeat:no-repeat;mask-position:center center;-webkit-mask-image:url("https://icons.ferndocs.com/solid/book-open.svg");-webkit-mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-position:center center"></span></div></div><span class="truncate font-medium group-data-[state=active]/tab-button:font-semibold">Speech to Text</span></div></a></li><li><a class="min-h-[32px] lg:min-h-[36px] group/tab-button hover:t-accent flex min-w-0 flex-1 select-none items-center justify-start rounded-lg py-2 text-base group-hover/tab-button:transition lg:px-3 lg:text-sm data-[state=inactive]:t-muted data-[state=active]:t-accent" data-state="inactive" href="/docs/tts-rest"><div class="flex min-w-0 items-center justify-start space-x-4"><div class="min-w-fit"><div class="bg-card-surface ring-border-default group-hover/tab-button:bg-tag-primary group-hover/tab-button:ring-accent/70 group-data-[state=active]/tab-button:bg-accent group-hover/tab-button:group-data-[state=active]/tab-button:bg-accent flex size-6 items-center justify-center rounded-md shadow-sm ring-1 group-data-[state=active]/tab-button:ring-0"><span class="bg-faded group-hover/tab-button:bg-accent group-data-[state=active]/tab-button:bg-background group-hover/tab-button:group-data-[state=active]/tab-button:bg-background size-4 fa-icon" style="mask-image:url("https://icons.ferndocs.com/solid/book-open.svg");mask-repeat:no-repeat;mask-position:center center;-webkit-mask-image:url("https://icons.ferndocs.com/solid/book-open.svg");-webkit-mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-position:center center"></span></div></div><span class="truncate font-medium group-data-[state=active]/tab-button:font-semibold">Text to Speech</span></div></a></li><li><a class="min-h-[32px] lg:min-h-[36px] group/tab-button hover:t-accent flex min-w-0 flex-1 select-none items-center justify-start rounded-lg py-2 text-base group-hover/tab-button:transition lg:px-3 lg:text-sm data-[state=inactive]:t-muted data-[state=active]:t-accent" data-state="inactive" href="/docs/audio-intelligence"><div class="flex min-w-0 items-center justify-start space-x-4"><div class="min-w-fit"><div class="bg-card-surface ring-border-default group-hover/tab-button:bg-tag-primary group-hover/tab-button:ring-accent/70 group-data-[state=active]/tab-button:bg-accent group-hover/tab-button:group-data-[state=active]/tab-button:bg-accent flex size-6 items-center justify-center rounded-md shadow-sm ring-1 group-data-[state=active]/tab-button:ring-0"><span class="bg-faded group-hover/tab-button:bg-accent group-data-[state=active]/tab-button:bg-background group-hover/tab-button:group-data-[state=active]/tab-button:bg-background size-4 fa-icon" style="mask-image:url("https://icons.ferndocs.com/solid/book-open.svg");mask-repeat:no-repeat;mask-position:center center;-webkit-mask-image:url("https://icons.ferndocs.com/solid/book-open.svg");-webkit-mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-position:center center"></span></div></div><span class="truncate font-medium group-data-[state=active]/tab-button:font-semibold">Intelligence</span></div></a></li><li><a class="min-h-[32px] lg:min-h-[36px] group/tab-button hover:t-accent flex min-w-0 flex-1 select-none items-center justify-start rounded-lg py-2 text-base group-hover/tab-button:transition lg:px-3 lg:text-sm data-[state=inactive]:t-muted data-[state=active]:t-accent" data-state="inactive" href="/reference/deepgram-api-overview"><div class="flex min-w-0 items-center justify-start space-x-4"><div class="min-w-fit"><div class="bg-card-surface ring-border-default group-hover/tab-button:bg-tag-primary group-hover/tab-button:ring-accent/70 group-data-[state=active]/tab-button:bg-accent group-hover/tab-button:group-data-[state=active]/tab-button:bg-accent flex size-6 items-center justify-center rounded-md shadow-sm ring-1 group-data-[state=active]/tab-button:ring-0"><span class="bg-faded group-hover/tab-button:bg-accent group-data-[state=active]/tab-button:bg-background group-hover/tab-button:group-data-[state=active]/tab-button:bg-background size-4 fa-icon" style="mask-image:url("https://icons.ferndocs.com/solid/book-open.svg");mask-repeat:no-repeat;mask-position:center center;-webkit-mask-image:url("https://icons.ferndocs.com/solid/book-open.svg");-webkit-mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-position:center center"></span></div></div><span class="truncate font-medium group-data-[state=active]/tab-button:font-semibold">API Ref</span></div></a></li><li><a class="min-h-[32px] lg:min-h-[36px] group/tab-button hover:t-accent flex min-w-0 flex-1 select-none items-center justify-start rounded-lg py-2 text-base group-hover/tab-button:transition lg:px-3 lg:text-sm data-[state=inactive]:t-muted data-[state=active]:t-accent" data-state="active" href="/docs/make-your-first-api-request"><div class="flex min-w-0 items-center justify-start space-x-4"><div class="min-w-fit"><div class="bg-card-surface ring-border-default group-hover/tab-button:bg-tag-primary group-hover/tab-button:ring-accent/70 group-data-[state=active]/tab-button:bg-accent group-hover/tab-button:group-data-[state=active]/tab-button:bg-accent flex size-6 items-center justify-center rounded-md shadow-sm ring-1 group-data-[state=active]/tab-button:ring-0"><span class="bg-faded group-hover/tab-button:bg-accent group-data-[state=active]/tab-button:bg-background group-hover/tab-button:group-data-[state=active]/tab-button:bg-background size-4 fa-icon" style="mask-image:url("https://icons.ferndocs.com/solid/book-open.svg");mask-repeat:no-repeat;mask-position:center center;-webkit-mask-image:url("https://icons.ferndocs.com/solid/book-open.svg");-webkit-mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-position:center center"></span></div></div><span class="truncate font-medium group-data-[state=active]/tab-button:font-semibold">Guides</span></div></a></li><li><a class="min-h-[32px] lg:min-h-[36px] group/tab-button hover:t-accent flex min-w-0 flex-1 select-none items-center justify-start rounded-lg py-2 text-base group-hover/tab-button:transition lg:px-3 lg:text-sm data-[state=inactive]:t-muted data-[state=active]:t-accent" data-state="inactive" href="/docs/deepgram-sdks"><div class="flex min-w-0 items-center justify-start space-x-4"><div class="min-w-fit"><div class="bg-card-surface ring-border-default group-hover/tab-button:bg-tag-primary group-hover/tab-button:ring-accent/70 group-data-[state=active]/tab-button:bg-accent group-hover/tab-button:group-data-[state=active]/tab-button:bg-accent flex size-6 items-center justify-center rounded-md shadow-sm ring-1 group-data-[state=active]/tab-button:ring-0"><span class="bg-faded group-hover/tab-button:bg-accent group-data-[state=active]/tab-button:bg-background group-hover/tab-button:group-data-[state=active]/tab-button:bg-background size-4 fa-icon" style="mask-image:url("https://icons.ferndocs.com/solid/book-open.svg");mask-repeat:no-repeat;mask-position:center center;-webkit-mask-image:url("https://icons.ferndocs.com/solid/book-open.svg");-webkit-mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-position:center center"></span></div></div><span class="truncate font-medium group-data-[state=active]/tab-button:font-semibold">SDKs</span></div></a></li><li><a class="min-h-[32px] lg:min-h-[36px] group/tab-button hover:t-accent flex min-w-0 flex-1 select-none items-center justify-start rounded-lg py-2 text-base group-hover/tab-button:transition lg:px-3 lg:text-sm data-[state=inactive]:t-muted data-[state=active]:t-accent" data-state="inactive" href="/docs/self-hosted-introduction"><div class="flex min-w-0 items-center justify-start space-x-4"><div class="min-w-fit"><div class="bg-card-surface ring-border-default group-hover/tab-button:bg-tag-primary group-hover/tab-button:ring-accent/70 group-data-[state=active]/tab-button:bg-accent group-hover/tab-button:group-data-[state=active]/tab-button:bg-accent flex size-6 items-center justify-center rounded-md shadow-sm ring-1 group-data-[state=active]/tab-button:ring-0"><span class="bg-faded group-hover/tab-button:bg-accent group-data-[state=active]/tab-button:bg-background group-hover/tab-button:group-data-[state=active]/tab-button:bg-background size-4 fa-icon" style="mask-image:url("https://icons.ferndocs.com/solid/book-open.svg");mask-repeat:no-repeat;mask-position:center center;-webkit-mask-image:url("https://icons.ferndocs.com/solid/book-open.svg");-webkit-mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-position:center center"></span></div></div><span class="truncate font-medium group-data-[state=active]/tab-button:font-semibold">Self-Hosted Deployments</span></div></a></li><li><a class="min-h-[32px] lg:min-h-[36px] group/tab-button hover:t-accent flex min-w-0 flex-1 select-none items-center justify-start rounded-lg py-2 text-base group-hover/tab-button:transition lg:px-3 lg:text-sm data-[state=inactive]:t-muted data-[state=active]:t-accent" data-state="inactive" href="/docs/security-policy"><div class="flex min-w-0 items-center justify-start space-x-4"><div class="min-w-fit"><div class="bg-card-surface ring-border-default group-hover/tab-button:bg-tag-primary group-hover/tab-button:ring-accent/70 group-data-[state=active]/tab-button:bg-accent group-hover/tab-button:group-data-[state=active]/tab-button:bg-accent flex size-6 items-center justify-center rounded-md shadow-sm ring-1 group-data-[state=active]/tab-button:ring-0"><span class="bg-faded group-hover/tab-button:bg-accent group-data-[state=active]/tab-button:bg-background group-hover/tab-button:group-data-[state=active]/tab-button:bg-background size-4 fa-icon" style="mask-image:url("https://icons.ferndocs.com/solid/book-open.svg");mask-repeat:no-repeat;mask-position:center center;-webkit-mask-image:url("https://icons.ferndocs.com/solid/book-open.svg");-webkit-mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-position:center center"></span></div></div><span class="truncate font-medium group-data-[state=active]/tab-button:font-semibold">Security</span></div></a></li></ul><ul class="fern-sidebar-group"><li class="mt-6"><div class="fern-sidebar-heading"><span class="fern-sidebar-heading-content">Fundamentals</span></div><ul class="fern-sidebar-group"><li><div class="fern-sidebar-link-container" data-state="inactive"><a class="fern-sidebar-link" href="/docs/make-your-first-api-request"><span class="fern-sidebar-link-content"><span class="fern-sidebar-link-text">Make Your First API Request</span></span></a></div></li><li><div class="fern-sidebar-link-container" data-state="inactive"><a class="fern-sidebar-link" href="/docs/authenticating"><span class="fern-sidebar-link-content"><span class="fern-sidebar-link-text">Authenticating</span></span></a></div></li><li><div class="fern-sidebar-link-container" data-state="inactive"><a class="fern-sidebar-link" href="/docs/model-metadata"><span class="fern-sidebar-link-content"><span class="fern-sidebar-link-text">Model Metadata</span></span></a></div></li><li><div class="fern-sidebar-link-container" data-state="inactive"><a class="fern-sidebar-link" href="/docs/managing-projects"><span class="fern-sidebar-link-content"><span class="fern-sidebar-link-text">Managing Projects</span></span></a></div></li><li><div class="fern-sidebar-link-container" data-state="inactive"><a class="fern-sidebar-link" href="/docs/using-multiple-projects"><span class="fern-sidebar-link-content"><span class="fern-sidebar-link-text">Using Multiple Projects</span></span></a></div></li><li><div class="fern-sidebar-link-container" data-state="inactive"><a class="fern-sidebar-link" href="/docs/working-with-roles"><span class="fern-sidebar-link-content"><span class="fern-sidebar-link-text">Working With Roles & API Scopes</span></span></a></div></li><li><div class="fern-sidebar-link-container" data-state="inactive"><a class="fern-sidebar-link" href="/docs/supported-audio-formats"><span class="fern-sidebar-link-content"><span class="fern-sidebar-link-text">Supported Audio Formats</span></span></a></div></li><li><div class="fern-sidebar-link-container" data-state="inactive"><a class="fern-sidebar-link" href="/docs/deployment-options"><span class="fern-sidebar-link-content"><span class="fern-sidebar-link-text">Deployment Options</span></span></a></div></li><li><div class="fern-sidebar-link-container" data-state="inactive"><a class="fern-sidebar-link" href="/docs/create-additional-api-keys"><span class="fern-sidebar-link-content"><span class="fern-sidebar-link-text">Creating API Keys</span></span></a></div></li><li><div class="fern-sidebar-link-container" data-state="inactive"><a class="fern-sidebar-link" href="/docs/using-the-sec-websocket-protocol"><span class="fern-sidebar-link-content"><span class="fern-sidebar-link-text">Using the Sec-WebSocket-Protocol</span></span></a></div></li><li><div class="fern-sidebar-link-container" data-state="inactive"><a class="fern-sidebar-link" href="/docs/using-logs-usage"><span class="fern-sidebar-link-content"><span class="fern-sidebar-link-text">Logs & Usage Data</span></span></a></div></li><li><div class="fern-sidebar-link-container" data-state="inactive"><a class="fern-sidebar-link" href="/docs/the-deepgram-model-improvement-partnership-program"><span class="fern-sidebar-link-content"><span class="fern-sidebar-link-text">Model Improvement Partnership Program</span></span></a></div></li><li><div class="fern-sidebar-link-container" data-state="inactive"><a class="fern-sidebar-link" href="/docs/working-with-concurrency-rate-limits"><span class="fern-sidebar-link-content"><span class="fern-sidebar-link-text">Working With Concurrency Rate Limits</span></span></a></div></li></ul></li><li class="mt-6"><div class="fern-sidebar-heading"><span class="fern-sidebar-heading-content">Use Case Examples</span></div><ul class="fern-sidebar-group"><li><div class="fern-sidebar-link-container" data-state="inactive"><a class="fern-sidebar-link" href="/docs/build-voice-agent-with-twilio-deepgram-openai"><span class="fern-sidebar-link-content"><span class="fern-sidebar-link-text">Build a Voice Agent with Twilio & OpenAI & Deepgram</span></span></a></div></li><li><div class="fern-sidebar-link-container" data-state="inactive"><a class="fern-sidebar-link" href="/docs/calculate-talk-time-analytics"><span class="fern-sidebar-link-content"><span class="fern-sidebar-link-text">Calculate Talk Time Analytics</span></span></a></div></li><li><div class="fern-sidebar-link-container" data-state="inactive"><a class="fern-sidebar-link" href="/docs/transcribe-meetings-in-realtime"><span class="fern-sidebar-link-content"><span class="fern-sidebar-link-text">Transcribe Meetings in Realtime</span></span></a></div></li><li><div class="fern-sidebar-link-container" data-state="inactive"><a class="fern-sidebar-link" href="/docs/transcribe-recorded-calls-with-twilio"><span class="fern-sidebar-link-content"><span class="fern-sidebar-link-text">Transcribe Recorded Calls With Twilio</span></span></a></div></li></ul></li><li class="mt-6"><div class="fern-sidebar-heading"><span class="fern-sidebar-heading-content">Integrations</span></div><ul class="fern-sidebar-group"><li><div class="fern-sidebar-link-container" data-state="inactive"><a class="fern-sidebar-link" href="/docs/deepgram-with-amazon-connect"><span class="fern-sidebar-link-content"><span class="fern-sidebar-link-text">Amazon Connect and Deepgram</span></span></a></div></li><li><div class="fern-sidebar-link-container" data-state="active"><a class="fern-sidebar-link" href="/docs/using-aws-s3-presigned-urls-with-the-deepgram-api"><span class="fern-sidebar-link-content"><span class="fern-sidebar-link-text">AWS S3 Presigned URLs and Deepgram</span></span></a></div></li><li><div class="fern-sidebar-link-container" data-state="inactive"><a class="fern-sidebar-link" href="/docs/genesys-with-deepgram"><span class="fern-sidebar-link-content"><span class="fern-sidebar-link-text">Genesys and Deepgram</span></span></a></div></li><li><div class="fern-sidebar-link-container" data-state="inactive"><a class="fern-sidebar-link" href="/docs/use-deepgram-with-dialogflow-cx"><span class="fern-sidebar-link-content"><span class="fern-sidebar-link-text">Google Dialogflow CX and Deepgram</span></span></a></div></li><li><div class="fern-sidebar-link-container" data-state="inactive"><a class="fern-sidebar-link" href="/docs/makecom-deepgram-integration"><span class="fern-sidebar-link-content"><span class="fern-sidebar-link-text">Make.com and Deepgram</span></span></a></div></li><li><div class="fern-sidebar-link-container" data-state="inactive"><a class="fern-sidebar-link" href="/docs/on-premise-twilio-integration"><span class="fern-sidebar-link-content"><span class="fern-sidebar-link-text">Twilio and Deepgram STT</span></span></a></div></li><li><div class="fern-sidebar-link-container" data-state="inactive"><a class="fern-sidebar-link" href="/docs/twilio-and-deepgram-tts"><span class="fern-sidebar-link-content"><span class="fern-sidebar-link-text">Twilio and Deepgram TTS</span></span></a></div></li><li><div class="fern-sidebar-link-container" data-state="inactive"><a class="fern-sidebar-link" href="/docs/twilio-and-deepgram-voice-agent"><span class="fern-sidebar-link-content"><span class="fern-sidebar-link-text">Twilio and Deepgram Voice Agent</span></span></a></div></li><li><div class="fern-sidebar-link-container" data-state="inactive"><a class="fern-sidebar-link" href="/docs/zapier-integration"><span class="fern-sidebar-link-content"><span class="fern-sidebar-link-text">Zapier and Deepgram</span></span></a></div></li><li><div class="fern-sidebar-link-container" data-state="inactive"><a class="fern-sidebar-link" href="/docs/integrate-deepgram-with-zoom"><span class="fern-sidebar-link-content"><span class="fern-sidebar-link-text">Zoom and Deepgram</span></span></a></div></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></div></nav><div class="fern-main"><main class="fern-guide-layout"><aside class="fern-layout-toc"><div dir="ltr" class="fern-scroll-area" style="position:relative;--radix-scroll-area-corner-width:0px;--radix-scroll-area-corner-height:0px"><style>[data-radix-scroll-area-viewport]{scrollbar-width:none;-ms-overflow-style:none;-webkit-overflow-scrolling:touch;}[data-radix-scroll-area-viewport]::-webkit-scrollbar{display:none}</style><div data-radix-scroll-area-viewport="" class="fern-scroll-area-viewport px-4 pb-12 pt-8 lg:pr-8" data-scrollbars="both" style="overflow-x:hidden;overflow-y:hidden"><div style="min-width:100%;display:table"><div class="text-grayscale-a11 m-0 mb-3 text-sm font-medium">On this page</div><ul class="toc-root not-prose" style="--height:0px;--top:0px"><li class="mb-2 last:mb-0" data-depth="0"><a class="block hyphens-auto break-words text-sm transition-colors hover:transition-none text-grayscale-a11 hover:text-grayscale-a12" style="padding-left:0px" href="/docs/using-aws-s3-presigned-urls-with-the-deepgram-api#what-are-presigned-urls">What are Presigned URLs?</a></li><li class="mb-2 last:mb-0" data-depth="0"><a class="block hyphens-auto break-words text-sm transition-colors hover:transition-none text-grayscale-a11 hover:text-grayscale-a12" style="padding-left:0px" href="/docs/using-aws-s3-presigned-urls-with-the-deepgram-api#before-you-begin">Before you Begin</a></li><li class="mb-2 last:mb-0" data-depth="1"><a class="block hyphens-auto break-words text-sm transition-colors hover:transition-none text-grayscale-a11 hover:text-grayscale-a12" style="padding-left:12px" href="/docs/using-aws-s3-presigned-urls-with-the-deepgram-api#create-an-aws-account-an-s3-bucket-and-upload-an-audio-file">Create an AWS Account, an S3 Bucket, and Upload an Audio File</a></li><li class="mb-2 last:mb-0" data-depth="1"><a class="block hyphens-auto break-words text-sm transition-colors hover:transition-none text-grayscale-a11 hover:text-grayscale-a12" style="padding-left:12px" href="/docs/using-aws-s3-presigned-urls-with-the-deepgram-api#setup-the-aws-python-sdk">Setup the AWS Python SDK</a></li><li class="mb-2 last:mb-0" data-depth="2"><a class="block hyphens-auto break-words text-sm transition-colors hover:transition-none text-grayscale-a11 hover:text-grayscale-a12" style="padding-left:24px" href="/docs/using-aws-s3-presigned-urls-with-the-deepgram-api#enable-programmatic-access-to-aws">Enable Programmatic Access to AWS</a></li><li class="mb-2 last:mb-0" data-depth="2"><a class="block hyphens-auto break-words text-sm transition-colors hover:transition-none text-grayscale-a11 hover:text-grayscale-a12" style="padding-left:24px" href="/docs/using-aws-s3-presigned-urls-with-the-deepgram-api#install-the-aws-python-sdk">Install the AWS Python SDK</a></li><li class="mb-2 last:mb-0" data-depth="0"><a class="block hyphens-auto break-words text-sm transition-colors hover:transition-none text-grayscale-a11 hover:text-grayscale-a12" style="padding-left:0px" href="/docs/using-aws-s3-presigned-urls-with-the-deepgram-api#sending-audio-data-to-deepgram-using-a-presigned-url">Sending Audio Data to Deepgram Using a Presigned URL</a></li><li class="mb-2 last:mb-0" data-depth="0"><a class="block hyphens-auto break-words text-sm transition-colors hover:transition-none text-grayscale-a11 hover:text-grayscale-a12" style="padding-left:0px" href="/docs/using-aws-s3-presigned-urls-with-the-deepgram-api#uploading-transcripts-directly-to-s3">Uploading Transcripts Directly to S3</a></li><li class="mb-2 last:mb-0" data-depth="0"><a class="block hyphens-auto break-words text-sm transition-colors hover:transition-none text-grayscale-a11 hover:text-grayscale-a12" style="padding-left:0px" href="/docs/using-aws-s3-presigned-urls-with-the-deepgram-api#putting-it-all-together">Putting It All Together</a></li><li class="mb-2 last:mb-0" data-depth="0"><a class="block hyphens-auto break-words text-sm transition-colors hover:transition-none text-grayscale-a11 hover:text-grayscale-a12" style="padding-left:0px" href="/docs/using-aws-s3-presigned-urls-with-the-deepgram-api#serverless-workflow-with-lambda-functions-and-s3-event-notifications">Serverless Workflow with Lambda Functions and S3 Event Notifications</a></li><li class="mb-2 last:mb-0" data-depth="1"><a class="block hyphens-auto break-words text-sm transition-colors hover:transition-none text-grayscale-a11 hover:text-grayscale-a12" style="padding-left:12px" href="/docs/using-aws-s3-presigned-urls-with-the-deepgram-api#allow-lambda-functions-to-generate-presigned-urls">Allow Lambda Functions to Generate Presigned URLs</a></li><li class="mb-2 last:mb-0" data-depth="1"><a class="block hyphens-auto break-words text-sm transition-colors hover:transition-none text-grayscale-a11 hover:text-grayscale-a12" style="padding-left:12px" href="/docs/using-aws-s3-presigned-urls-with-the-deepgram-api#accessing-deepgram-from-aws-lambda">Accessing Deepgram from AWS Lambda</a></li><li class="mb-2 last:mb-0" data-depth="1"><a class="block hyphens-auto break-words text-sm transition-colors hover:transition-none text-grayscale-a11 hover:text-grayscale-a12" style="padding-left:12px" href="/docs/using-aws-s3-presigned-urls-with-the-deepgram-api#responding-to-transcript-completion-using-s3-event-notifications">Responding to Transcript Completion using S3 Event Notifications</a></li><li class="mb-2 last:mb-0" data-depth="0"><a class="block hyphens-auto break-words text-sm transition-colors hover:transition-none text-grayscale-a11 hover:text-grayscale-a12" style="padding-left:0px" href="/docs/using-aws-s3-presigned-urls-with-the-deepgram-api#troubleshooting">Troubleshooting</a></li></ul></div></div></div></aside><article class="fern-layout-content max-w-content-width"><header class="mb-8"><div class="space-y-1"><div><span class="fern-breadcrumb"><a class="fern-breadcrumb-item" href="/docs/deepgram-with-amazon-connect">Integrations</a></span></div><h1 class="fern-page-heading"><p>AWS S3 Presigned URLs and Deepgram</p></h1></div><div class="prose-p:t-muted mt-2 leading-7"><p>Use S3 to send audio data to Deepgram and store transcripts from Deepgram directly in S3.</p></div></header><div class="prose dark:prose-invert prose-h1:mt-[1.5em] first:prose-h1:mt-0 max-w-full break-words"><p>Your audio data may contain sensitive information and it’s critical that your data stays private. AWS S3’s presigned URLs can be leveraged to securely send audio data to Deepgram and securely receive transcripts from Deepgram.</p> <h2 id="what-are-presigned-urls" data-state="closed">What are Presigned URLs?</h2> <p>In this guide we’ll walk you through how to leverage presigned URLs to 1) send audio data from S3 to Deepgram and 2) upload transcripts generated by Deepgram directly to S3.</p> <p>But first of all, what is a presigned URL?</p> <p>A presigned URL is a time-limited URL that provides temporary access to an object stored in an S3 bucket. Presigned URLs provide a flexible and secure way to grant temporary access to S3 objects without compromising the security of your AWS credentials or making the object publicly accessible. Presigned URLs are commonly used in scenarios where you want to grant temporary access to private S3 objects to specific individuals or applications, which makes them a perfect fit for sharing audio data with Deepgram.</p> <h2 id="before-you-begin" data-state="closed">Before you Begin</h2> <div class="mb-6 mt-4 rounded-lg p-4 first:mt-0 callout-outlined"><div class="flex items-start space-x-3"><div class="mt-0.5 w-4"><svg width="1.5em" height="1.5em" stroke-width="1.5" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" color="currentColor" class="text-intent-default size-icon-md"><path d="M12 11.5V16.5" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"></path><path d="M12 7.51L12.01 7.49889" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"></path><path d="M12 22C17.5228 22 22 17.5228 22 12C22 6.47715 17.5228 2 12 2C6.47715 2 2 6.47715 2 12C2 17.5228 6.47715 22 12 22Z" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"></path></svg></div><div class="prose prose-sm dark:prose-invert -my-4 flex-1 overflow-x-auto before:mb-4 before:block after:mt-4 after:block"><div class="text-intent-default"><h5 class="leading-snug"></h5><p>Before you can use Deepgram, you’ll need to <a class="fern-mdx-link" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer" href="https://console.deepgram.com/signup?jump=keys">create a Deepgram account<svg width="1.5em" height="1.5em" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke-width="1.5" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" color="currentColor" class="external-link-icon"><path d="M21 3L15 3M21 3L12 12M21 3V9" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"></path><path d="M21 13V19C21 20.1046 20.1046 21 19 21H5C3.89543 21 3 20.1046 3 19V5C3 3.89543 3.89543 3 5 3H11" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round"></path></svg></a>. Signup is free and includes <strong class="font-semibold">$200</strong> in free credit and access to all of Deepgram’s features!</p></div></div></div></div> <div class="mb-6 mt-4 rounded-lg p-4 first:mt-0 callout-outlined"><div class="flex items-start space-x-3"><div class="mt-0.5 w-4"><svg width="1.5em" height="1.5em" stroke-width="1.5" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" color="currentColor" class="text-intent-default size-icon-md"><path d="M12 11.5V16.5" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"></path><path d="M12 7.51L12.01 7.49889" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"></path><path d="M12 22C17.5228 22 22 17.5228 22 12C22 6.47715 17.5228 2 12 2C6.47715 2 2 6.47715 2 12C2 17.5228 6.47715 22 12 22Z" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"></path></svg></div><div class="prose prose-sm dark:prose-invert -my-4 flex-1 overflow-x-auto before:mb-4 before:block after:mt-4 after:block"><div class="text-intent-default"><h5 class="leading-snug"></h5><p>Before you start, you’ll need to follow the steps in the <a class="fern-mdx-link" href="/docs/make-your-first-api-request">Make Your First API Request</a> guide to obtain a Deepgram API key, and configure your environment if you are choosing to use a Deepgram SDK.</p></div></div></div></div> <h3 id="create-an-aws-account-an-s3-bucket-and-upload-an-audio-file" data-state="closed">Create an AWS Account, an S3 Bucket, and Upload an Audio File</h3> <p>If you don’t already have an AWS account, you can create one on the <a class="fern-mdx-link" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer" href="http://console.aws.amazon.com/console/home">AWS Console<svg width="1.5em" height="1.5em" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke-width="1.5" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" color="currentColor" class="external-link-icon"><path d="M21 3L15 3M21 3L12 12M21 3V9" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"></path><path d="M21 13V19C21 20.1046 20.1046 21 19 21H5C3.89543 21 3 20.1046 3 19V5C3 3.89543 3.89543 3 5 3H11" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round"></path></svg></a>.</p> <p>Once you’re logged into AWS, <a class="fern-mdx-link" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer" href="https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/userguide/create-bucket-overview.html">create a bucket<svg width="1.5em" height="1.5em" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke-width="1.5" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" color="currentColor" class="external-link-icon"><path d="M21 3L15 3M21 3L12 12M21 3V9" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"></path><path d="M21 13V19C21 20.1046 20.1046 21 19 21H5C3.89543 21 3 20.1046 3 19V5C3 3.89543 3.89543 3 5 3H11" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round"></path></svg></a> in S3 <a class="fern-mdx-link" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer" href="https://s3.console.aws.amazon.com/s3/home?region=us-east-1">here<svg width="1.5em" height="1.5em" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke-width="1.5" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" color="currentColor" class="external-link-icon"><path d="M21 3L15 3M21 3L12 12M21 3V9" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"></path><path d="M21 13V19C21 20.1046 20.1046 21 19 21H5C3.89543 21 3 20.1046 3 19V5C3 3.89543 3.89543 3 5 3H11" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round"></path></svg></a>. Note that bucket names must be globally unique, so you may need to create a bucket with a long name, such <code>deepgram-audio-and-transcripts-<your-name></code>. You can use the default bucket configurations when creating the bucket.</p> <p>Next, upload an audio file to your bucket. We recommend creating two folders, one called <code>audio</code> and another called <code>transcripts</code>, then uploading your audio files into the <code>audio</code> folder. <a class="fern-mdx-link" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer" href="https://res.cloudinary.com/deepgram/video/upload/v1663090406/dg-audio/NASA-EXP61_EVA_n5zazi.m4a">Here<svg width="1.5em" height="1.5em" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke-width="1.5" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" color="currentColor" class="external-link-icon"><path d="M21 3L15 3M21 3L12 12M21 3V9" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"></path><path d="M21 13V19C21 20.1046 20.1046 21 19 21H5C3.89543 21 3 20.1046 3 19V5C3 3.89543 3.89543 3 5 3H11" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round"></path></svg></a> is the sample audio file we are using in this guide.</p> <h3 id="setup-the-aws-python-sdk" data-state="closed">Setup the AWS Python SDK</h3> <h4 id="enable-programmatic-access-to-aws" data-state="closed">Enable Programmatic Access to AWS</h4> <div class="mb-6 mt-4 rounded-lg p-4 first:mt-0 callout-outlined"><div class="flex items-start space-x-3"><div class="mt-0.5 w-4"><svg width="1.5em" height="1.5em" stroke-width="1.5" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" color="currentColor" class="text-intent-default size-icon-md"><path d="M12 11.5V16.5" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"></path><path d="M12 7.51L12.01 7.49889" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"></path><path d="M12 22C17.5228 22 22 17.5228 22 12C22 6.47715 17.5228 2 12 2C6.47715 2 2 6.47715 2 12C2 17.5228 6.47715 22 12 22Z" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"></path></svg></div><div class="prose prose-sm dark:prose-invert -my-4 flex-1 overflow-x-auto before:mb-4 before:block after:mt-4 after:block"><div class="text-intent-default"><h5 class="leading-snug"></h5><p>If you already have AWS credentials in your <code>~/.aws/credentials</code> file, you can skip this step.</p></div></div></div></div> <p>You will need to enable programmatic access to AWS to use the AWS SDKs. After logging into the AWS Console, follow the steps below:</p> <ol class="mb-3 list-outside list-decimal space-y-2"> <li class=""> <p>Click on IAM → Users → select your user → Security Credentials → Access Keys → Create Access Key → Application running outside AWS → Next → Create access key. Do not close the web page until you complete Step 4!</p> </li> <li class=""> <p>Create or open the shared AWS <code>credentials</code> file. This file is <code>~/.aws/credentials</code> on Linux and macOS, and <code>%USERPROFILE%\\.aws\\credentials</code> on Windows. For more information, see AWS’s <a class="fern-mdx-link" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer" href="https://docs.aws.amazon.com/cli/latest/userguide/cli-configure-files.html">Configuration and credential file settings<svg width="1.5em" height="1.5em" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke-width="1.5" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" color="currentColor" class="external-link-icon"><path d="M21 3L15 3M21 3L12 12M21 3V9" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"></path><path d="M21 13V19C21 20.1046 20.1046 21 19 21H5C3.89543 21 3 20.1046 3 19V5C3 3.89543 3.89543 3 5 3H11" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round"></path></svg></a>.</p> </li> <li class=""> <p>Add the following text to the shared <code>credentials</code> file.</p> <div class="bg-card after:ring-card-border relative mb-6 mt-4 flex w-full min-w-0 max-w-full flex-col rounded-lg shadow-sm after:pointer-events-none after:absolute after:inset-0 after:rounded-[inherit] after:ring-1 after:ring-inset after:content-[''] first:mt-0"><div class="bg-tag-default-soft rounded-t-[inherit]"><div class="shadow-border-default mx-px flex min-h-10 items-center justify-between shadow-[inset_0_-1px_0_0]"><div class="flex min-h-10 overflow-x-auto"><div class="flex items-center px-3 py-1.5"><span class="t-muted rounded text-sm font-semibold">markdown</span></div></div><button tabindex="0" data-state="closed" aria-disabled="false" class="fern-copy-button group ml-2 mr-1 fern-button minimal normal rounded square"><span class="fern-button-content"><svg width="1.5em" height="1.5em" stroke-width="1.5" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" color="currentColor"><path d="M19.4 20H9.6C9.26863 20 9 19.7314 9 19.4V9.6C9 9.26863 9.26863 9 9.6 9H19.4C19.7314 9 20 9.26863 20 9.6V19.4C20 19.7314 19.7314 20 19.4 20Z" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"></path><path d="M15 9V4.6C15 4.26863 14.7314 4 14.4 4H4.6C4.26863 4 4 4.26863 4 4.6V14.4C4 14.7314 4.26863 15 4.6 15H9" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"></path></svg></span></button></div></div><pre class="code-block-root not-prose rounded-b-[inherit]" tabindex="0"><div dir="ltr" class="fern-scroll-area" style="position:relative;--radix-scroll-area-corner-width:0px;--radix-scroll-area-corner-height:0px"><style>[data-radix-scroll-area-viewport]{scrollbar-width:none;-ms-overflow-style:none;-webkit-overflow-scrolling:touch;}[data-radix-scroll-area-viewport]::-webkit-scrollbar{display:none}</style><div data-radix-scroll-area-viewport="" class="fern-scroll-area-viewport" data-scrollbars="both" style="overflow-x:hidden;overflow-y:hidden;max-height:479px"><div style="min-width:100%;display:table"><code class="code-block text-sm"><div class="code-block-inner"><table class="code-block-line-group"><tbody><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line">[default]</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line">aws_access_key_id = AKIAIOSFODNN7EXAMPLE</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line">aws_secret_access_key = wJalrXUtnFEMI/K7MDENG/bPxRfiCYEXAMPLEKEY</span></td></tr></tbody></table></div></code></div></div></div></pre></div> </li> <li class=""> <p>Replace the <code>aws_access_key_id</code> and <code>aws_secret_access_key</code> with the values created in Step 1.</p> </li> </ol> <p>Now, when the AWS SDK is loaded, your user’s programmatic access will be used by default.</p> <h4 id="install-the-aws-python-sdk" data-state="closed">Install the AWS Python SDK</h4> <p>The AWS Python SDK is called <code>boto3</code>. You can find the docs <a class="fern-mdx-link" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer" href="https://boto3.amazonaws.com/v1/documentation/api/latest/index.html">here<svg width="1.5em" height="1.5em" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke-width="1.5" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" color="currentColor" class="external-link-icon"><path d="M21 3L15 3M21 3L12 12M21 3V9" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"></path><path d="M21 13V19C21 20.1046 20.1046 21 19 21H5C3.89543 21 3 20.1046 3 19V5C3 3.89543 3.89543 3 5 3H11" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round"></path></svg></a>.</p> <p>To install <code>boto3</code>, run <code>pip install boto3</code>.</p> <h2 id="sending-audio-data-to-deepgram-using-a-presigned-url" data-state="closed">Sending Audio Data to Deepgram Using a Presigned URL</h2> <p>Once you have an audio file uploaded to one of your S3 buckets, you can generate a presigned URL very easily from the AWS S3 website: Click on your audio file, then going to “Object actions” in the top-right corner, and click “Share with a presigned URL”.</p> <p><span aria-owns="rmiz-modal-" data-rmiz=""><span data-rmiz-content="not-found" style="visibility:visible"><img alt="" loading="lazy" width="390" height="497" decoding="async" data-nimg="1" style="color:transparent;aspect-ratio:0.7847082494969819" srcSet="https://app.ferndocs.com/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Ffiles.buildwithfern.com%2Fhttps%3A%2F%2Fdeepgram.docs.buildwithfern.com%2F2025-02-20T21%3A58%3A25.029Z%2Fimages%2F855c249-create-presigned-url-ui.png&w=640&q=75&dpl=dpl_4QpQ8NTiUGorrHCFa7JoGjuJyFCt 1x, https://app.ferndocs.com/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Ffiles.buildwithfern.com%2Fhttps%3A%2F%2Fdeepgram.docs.buildwithfern.com%2F2025-02-20T21%3A58%3A25.029Z%2Fimages%2F855c249-create-presigned-url-ui.png&w=828&q=75&dpl=dpl_4QpQ8NTiUGorrHCFa7JoGjuJyFCt 2x" src="https://files.buildwithfern.com/https://deepgram.docs.buildwithfern.com/2025-02-20T21:58:25.029Z/images/855c249-create-presigned-url-ui.png"/></span></span></p> <p>The presigned URL will be copied to your clipboard, and if you paste it into your browser’s URL bar the file will be downloaded to your computer. If you carefully inspect the URL, you will notice query parameters such as <code>Amz-Security-Token</code> and <code>X-Amz-Expires</code>. These query parameters contain the credentials for secure access to your files.</p> <p>We will use the <a class="fern-mdx-link" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer" href="https://boto3.amazonaws.com/v1/documentation/api/latest/index.html">AWS Python SDK<svg width="1.5em" height="1.5em" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke-width="1.5" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" color="currentColor" class="external-link-icon"><path d="M21 3L15 3M21 3L12 12M21 3V9" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"></path><path d="M21 13V19C21 20.1046 20.1046 21 19 21H5C3.89543 21 3 20.1046 3 19V5C3 3.89543 3.89543 3 5 3H11" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round"></path></svg></a> (installed via <code>pip install boto3</code>) to programmatically create presigned URLs. The below code creates a presigned URL that retrieves a file from S3:</p> <div class="bg-card after:ring-card-border relative mb-6 mt-4 flex w-full min-w-0 max-w-full flex-col rounded-lg shadow-sm after:pointer-events-none after:absolute after:inset-0 after:rounded-[inherit] after:ring-1 after:ring-inset after:content-[''] first:mt-0"><div class="bg-tag-default-soft rounded-t-[inherit]"><div class="shadow-border-default mx-px flex min-h-10 items-center justify-between shadow-[inset_0_-1px_0_0]"><div class="flex min-h-10 overflow-x-auto"><div class="flex items-center px-3 py-1.5"><span class="t-muted rounded text-sm font-semibold">Python</span></div></div><button tabindex="0" data-state="closed" aria-disabled="false" class="fern-copy-button group ml-2 mr-1 fern-button minimal normal rounded square"><span class="fern-button-content"><svg width="1.5em" height="1.5em" stroke-width="1.5" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" color="currentColor"><path d="M19.4 20H9.6C9.26863 20 9 19.7314 9 19.4V9.6C9 9.26863 9.26863 9 9.6 9H19.4C19.7314 9 20 9.26863 20 9.6V19.4C20 19.7314 19.7314 20 19.4 20Z" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"></path><path d="M15 9V4.6C15 4.26863 14.7314 4 14.4 4H4.6C4.26863 4 4 4.26863 4 4.6V14.4C4 14.7314 4.26863 15 4.6 15H9" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"></path></svg></span></button></div></div><pre class="code-block-root not-prose rounded-b-[inherit]" tabindex="0"><div dir="ltr" class="fern-scroll-area" style="position:relative;--radix-scroll-area-corner-width:0px;--radix-scroll-area-corner-height:0px"><style>[data-radix-scroll-area-viewport]{scrollbar-width:none;-ms-overflow-style:none;-webkit-overflow-scrolling:touch;}[data-radix-scroll-area-viewport]::-webkit-scrollbar{display:none}</style><div data-radix-scroll-area-viewport="" class="fern-scroll-area-viewport" data-scrollbars="both" style="overflow-x:hidden;overflow-y:hidden;max-height:479px"><div style="min-width:100%;display:table"><code class="code-block text-sm"><div class="code-block-inner"><table class="code-block-line-group"><colgroup><col class="w-fit"/><col/></colgroup><tbody><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>1</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line">from botocore.client import Config</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>2</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line">import boto3</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>3</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"></span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>4</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"># Initialize the AWS SDK with an S3 client</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>5</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line">BUCKET_NAME = "presigned-url-example-bucket" # Your S3 bucket</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>6</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line">BUCKET_REGION = "us-east-1" # The region your S3 bucket is in (visible in the `Properties` tab)</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>7</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line">s3_client = boto3.client("s3", config=Config(signature_version="s3v4", region_name=BUCKET_REGION))</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>8</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"></span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>9</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line">AUDIO_FILE_PATH_IN_S3 = "audio/NASA-first-all-female-space-walk.mp3"</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>10</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line">EXPIRATION_TIME_IN_SECONDS = 10 * 60 # 10 minutes</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>11</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"># Create a presigned GET URL</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>12</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line">get_url = s3_client.generate_presigned_url(</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>13</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> ClientMethod="get_object",</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>14</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> Params={"Bucket": BUCKET_NAME, "Key": AUDIO_FILE_PATH_IN_S3},</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>15</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> ExpiresIn=EXPIRATION_TIME_IN_SECONDS,</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>16</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line">)</span></td></tr></tbody></table></div></code></div></div></div></pre></div> <div class="mb-6 mt-4 rounded-lg p-4 first:mt-0 callout-outlined"><div class="flex items-start space-x-3"><div class="mt-0.5 w-4"><svg width="1.5em" height="1.5em" stroke-width="1.5" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" color="currentColor" class="text-intent-default size-icon-md"><path d="M12 11.5V16.5" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"></path><path d="M12 7.51L12.01 7.49889" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"></path><path d="M12 22C17.5228 22 22 17.5228 22 12C22 6.47715 17.5228 2 12 2C6.47715 2 2 6.47715 2 12C2 17.5228 6.47715 22 12 22Z" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"></path></svg></div><div class="prose prose-sm dark:prose-invert -my-4 flex-1 overflow-x-auto before:mb-4 before:block after:mt-4 after:block"><div class="text-intent-default"><h5 class="leading-snug"></h5><p>You can download the NASA audio file <a class="fern-mdx-link" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer" href="https://deepgram.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/NASA-EXP61_EVA-v2.mp3">here<svg width="1.5em" height="1.5em" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke-width="1.5" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" color="currentColor" class="external-link-icon"><path d="M21 3L15 3M21 3L12 12M21 3V9" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"></path><path d="M21 13V19C21 20.1046 20.1046 21 19 21H5C3.89543 21 3 20.1046 3 19V5C3 3.89543 3.89543 3 5 3H11" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round"></path></svg></a>.</p></div></div></div></div> <p>Nice work! Now you can include the <code>get_url</code> in your Deepgram API call to send the audio to Deepgram. Since the presigned URL contains the relevant security credentials, your data is safe from prying eyes.</p> <h2 id="uploading-transcripts-directly-to-s3" data-state="closed">Uploading Transcripts Directly to S3</h2> <p>To programmatically create a presigned URL that uploads a file to S3, use the code below:</p> <div class="bg-card after:ring-card-border relative mb-6 mt-4 flex w-full min-w-0 max-w-full flex-col rounded-lg shadow-sm after:pointer-events-none after:absolute after:inset-0 after:rounded-[inherit] after:ring-1 after:ring-inset after:content-[''] first:mt-0"><div class="bg-tag-default-soft rounded-t-[inherit]"><div class="shadow-border-default mx-px flex min-h-10 items-center justify-between shadow-[inset_0_-1px_0_0]"><div class="flex min-h-10 overflow-x-auto"><div class="flex items-center px-3 py-1.5"><span class="t-muted rounded text-sm font-semibold">Python</span></div></div><button tabindex="0" data-state="closed" aria-disabled="false" class="fern-copy-button group ml-2 mr-1 fern-button minimal normal rounded square"><span class="fern-button-content"><svg width="1.5em" height="1.5em" stroke-width="1.5" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" color="currentColor"><path d="M19.4 20H9.6C9.26863 20 9 19.7314 9 19.4V9.6C9 9.26863 9.26863 9 9.6 9H19.4C19.7314 9 20 9.26863 20 9.6V19.4C20 19.7314 19.7314 20 19.4 20Z" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"></path><path d="M15 9V4.6C15 4.26863 14.7314 4 14.4 4H4.6C4.26863 4 4 4.26863 4 4.6V14.4C4 14.7314 4.26863 15 4.6 15H9" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"></path></svg></span></button></div></div><pre class="code-block-root not-prose rounded-b-[inherit]" tabindex="0"><div dir="ltr" class="fern-scroll-area" style="position:relative;--radix-scroll-area-corner-width:0px;--radix-scroll-area-corner-height:0px"><style>[data-radix-scroll-area-viewport]{scrollbar-width:none;-ms-overflow-style:none;-webkit-overflow-scrolling:touch;}[data-radix-scroll-area-viewport]::-webkit-scrollbar{display:none}</style><div data-radix-scroll-area-viewport="" class="fern-scroll-area-viewport" data-scrollbars="both" style="overflow-x:hidden;overflow-y:hidden;max-height:479px"><div style="min-width:100%;display:table"><code class="code-block text-sm"><div class="code-block-inner"><table class="code-block-line-group"><colgroup><col class="w-fit"/><col/></colgroup><tbody><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>1</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line">TRANSCRIPT_FILE_PATH_IN_S3 = "transcripts/NASA-first-all-female-space-walk.json"</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>2</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line">EXPIRATION_TIME_IN_SECONDS = 10 * 60 # 10 minutes</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>3</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"># Create a presigned PUT URL</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>4</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line">put_url = s3_client.generate_presigned_url(</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>5</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> ClientMethod="put_object",</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>6</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> Params={</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>7</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> "Bucket": BUCKET_NAME,</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>8</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> "Key": TRANSCRIPT_FILE_PATH_IN_S3,</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>9</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> "ContentType": "application/json",</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>10</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> },</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>11</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> ExpiresIn=EXPIRATION_TIME_IN_SECONDS,</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>12</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line">)</span></td></tr></tbody></table></div></code></div></div></div></pre></div> <p>The presigned URL generated by this code allows any file to be uploaded to the S3 path specified by <code>TRANSCRIPT_FILE_PATH_IN_S3</code>. We will pass this URL to Deepgram via the <code>callback</code> query parameter. Note that this URL requires the requester to make a <code>PUT</code> request.</p> <p>The presigned <code>PUT</code> URL’s expiration time must take into account the time it takes for the audio to be transcribed, which is why a default value of 10 minutes is used in this guide. Longer audio files will require longer expiration times for the <code>PUT</code> URL. You may need to find an expiration time that fits your use case.</p> <p>Finally, you can combine the GET and PUT URLs in an API request to Deepgram to perform the transcription:</p> <div class="bg-card after:ring-card-border relative mb-6 mt-4 flex w-full min-w-0 max-w-full flex-col rounded-lg shadow-sm after:pointer-events-none after:absolute after:inset-0 after:rounded-[inherit] after:ring-1 after:ring-inset after:content-[''] first:mt-0"><div class="bg-tag-default-soft rounded-t-[inherit]"><div class="shadow-border-default mx-px flex min-h-10 items-center justify-between shadow-[inset_0_-1px_0_0]"><div class="flex min-h-10 overflow-x-auto"><div class="flex items-center px-3 py-1.5"><span class="t-muted rounded text-sm font-semibold">Python</span></div></div><button tabindex="0" data-state="closed" aria-disabled="false" class="fern-copy-button group ml-2 mr-1 fern-button minimal normal rounded square"><span class="fern-button-content"><svg width="1.5em" height="1.5em" stroke-width="1.5" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" color="currentColor"><path d="M19.4 20H9.6C9.26863 20 9 19.7314 9 19.4V9.6C9 9.26863 9.26863 9 9.6 9H19.4C19.7314 9 20 9.26863 20 9.6V19.4C20 19.7314 19.7314 20 19.4 20Z" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"></path><path d="M15 9V4.6C15 4.26863 14.7314 4 14.4 4H4.6C4.26863 4 4 4.26863 4 4.6V14.4C4 14.7314 4.26863 15 4.6 15H9" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"></path></svg></span></button></div></div><pre class="code-block-root not-prose rounded-b-[inherit]" tabindex="0"><div dir="ltr" class="fern-scroll-area" style="position:relative;--radix-scroll-area-corner-width:0px;--radix-scroll-area-corner-height:0px"><style>[data-radix-scroll-area-viewport]{scrollbar-width:none;-ms-overflow-style:none;-webkit-overflow-scrolling:touch;}[data-radix-scroll-area-viewport]::-webkit-scrollbar{display:none}</style><div data-radix-scroll-area-viewport="" class="fern-scroll-area-viewport" data-scrollbars="both" style="overflow-x:hidden;overflow-y:hidden;max-height:479px"><div style="min-width:100%;display:table"><code class="code-block text-sm"><div class="code-block-inner"><table class="code-block-line-group"><colgroup><col class="w-fit"/><col/></colgroup><tbody><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>1</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line">import os</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>2</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"></span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>3</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line">DEEPGRAM_API_KEY = os.environ["DEEPGRAM_API_KEY"] # Your Deepgram API Key</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>4</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line">deepgram = Deepgram(DEEPGRAM_API_KEY)</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>5</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"></span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>6</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line">def transcribe_audio(get_url: str, put_url: str):</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>7</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> options = {</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>8</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> "smart_format": True,</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>9</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> "model": "nova-3",</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>10</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> "callback": put_url,</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>11</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> "callback_method": "put",</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>12</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> }</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>13</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> source = {"url": get_url}</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>14</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> deepgram.transcription.sync_prerecorded(source, options)</span></td></tr></tbody></table></div></code></div></div></div></pre></div> <div class="mb-6 mt-4 rounded-lg p-4 first:mt-0 callout-outlined-warning"><div class="flex items-start space-x-3"><div class="mt-0.5 w-4"><svg width="1.5em" height="1.5em" stroke-width="1.5" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" color="currentColor" class="size-icon-md text-intent-warning"><path d="M18 8.4C18 6.70261 17.3679 5.07475 16.2426 3.87452C15.1174 2.67428 13.5913 2 12 2C10.4087 2 8.88258 2.67428 7.75736 3.87452C6.63214 5.07475 6 6.70261 6 8.4C6 15.8667 3 18 3 18H21C21 18 18 15.8667 18 8.4Z" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"></path><path d="M13.73 21C13.5542 21.3031 13.3019 21.5547 12.9982 21.7295C12.6946 21.9044 12.3504 21.9965 12 21.9965C11.6496 21.9965 11.3054 21.9044 11.0018 21.7295C10.6982 21.5547 10.4458 21.3031 10.27 21" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"></path></svg></div><div class="prose prose-sm dark:prose-invert -my-4 flex-1 overflow-x-auto before:mb-4 before:block after:mt-4 after:block"><div class="text-intent-warning"><h5 class="leading-snug"></h5><p>Presigned URLs that upload files to S3 can use either the <code>PUT</code> or <code>POST</code> HTTP method. It is critical that the <code>PUT</code> HTTP method is used when communicating with Deepgram. Presigned <code>POST</code> URLs move the credential information from the URL’s query parameters into the request body, and since a <code>callback</code>’s request body cannot be set via the Deepgram API the <code>PUT</code> method is required.</p></div></div></div></div> <h2 id="putting-it-all-together" data-state="closed">Putting It All Together</h2> <p>Below is the full code for 1) generating presigned URLs, 2) sending your audio data to Deepgram, and 3) uploading transcripts directly into S3:</p> <div class="bg-card after:ring-card-border relative mb-6 mt-4 flex w-full min-w-0 max-w-full flex-col rounded-lg shadow-sm after:pointer-events-none after:absolute after:inset-0 after:rounded-[inherit] after:ring-1 after:ring-inset after:content-[''] first:mt-0"><div class="bg-tag-default-soft rounded-t-[inherit]"><div class="shadow-border-default mx-px flex min-h-10 items-center justify-between shadow-[inset_0_-1px_0_0]"><div class="flex min-h-10 overflow-x-auto"><div class="flex items-center px-3 py-1.5"><span class="t-muted rounded text-sm font-semibold">Python</span></div></div><button tabindex="0" data-state="closed" aria-disabled="false" class="fern-copy-button group ml-2 mr-1 fern-button minimal normal rounded square"><span class="fern-button-content"><svg width="1.5em" height="1.5em" stroke-width="1.5" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" color="currentColor"><path d="M19.4 20H9.6C9.26863 20 9 19.7314 9 19.4V9.6C9 9.26863 9.26863 9 9.6 9H19.4C19.7314 9 20 9.26863 20 9.6V19.4C20 19.7314 19.7314 20 19.4 20Z" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"></path><path d="M15 9V4.6C15 4.26863 14.7314 4 14.4 4H4.6C4.26863 4 4 4.26863 4 4.6V14.4C4 14.7314 4.26863 15 4.6 15H9" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"></path></svg></span></button></div></div><pre class="code-block-root not-prose rounded-b-[inherit]" tabindex="0"><div dir="ltr" class="fern-scroll-area" style="position:relative;--radix-scroll-area-corner-width:0px;--radix-scroll-area-corner-height:0px"><style>[data-radix-scroll-area-viewport]{scrollbar-width:none;-ms-overflow-style:none;-webkit-overflow-scrolling:touch;}[data-radix-scroll-area-viewport]::-webkit-scrollbar{display:none}</style><div data-radix-scroll-area-viewport="" class="fern-scroll-area-viewport" data-scrollbars="both" style="overflow-x:hidden;overflow-y:hidden;max-height:479px"><div style="min-width:100%;display:table"><code class="code-block text-sm"><div class="code-block-inner"><table class="code-block-line-group"><colgroup><col class="w-fit"/><col/></colgroup><tbody><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>1</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line">from typing import Tuple</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>2</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line">from botocore.client import Config</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>3</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line">from deepgram import Deepgram</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>4</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line">import boto3</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>5</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line">import os</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>6</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"></span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>7</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line">DEEPGRAM_API_KEY = os.environ["DEEPGRAM_API_KEY"] # Your Deepgram API Key</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>8</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line">deepgram = Deepgram(DEEPGRAM_API_KEY)</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>9</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"></span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>10</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line">BUCKET_NAME = "deepgram-presigned-url-example-bucket" # Your S3 bucket</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>11</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line">BUCKET_REGION = "us-east-1" # The region your S3 bucket is in (visible in the `Properties` tab)</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>12</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line">s3_client = boto3.client("s3", config=Config(signature_version="s3v4", region_name=BUCKET_REGION))</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>13</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"></span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>14</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line">def get_presigned_urls(audio_file_key: str, destination_transcript_key: str, expiration_time) -> Tuple[str, str]:</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>15</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> get_url = s3_client.generate_presigned_url(</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>16</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> ClientMethod="get_object",</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>17</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> Params={"Bucket": BUCKET_NAME, "Key": audio_file_key},</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>18</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> ExpiresIn=expiration_time,</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>19</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> )</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>20</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> put_url = s3_client.generate_presigned_url(</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>21</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> ClientMethod="put_object",</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>22</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> Params={</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>23</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> "Bucket": BUCKET_NAME,</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>24</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> "Key": destination_transcript_key,</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>25</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> "ContentType": "application/json",</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>26</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> },</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>27</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> ExpiresIn=expiration_time,</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>28</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> )</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>29</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> return get_url, put_url</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>30</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"></span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>31</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line">def transcribe_audio(get_url: str, put_url: str):</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>32</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> options = {</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>33</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> "smart_format": True,</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>34</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> "model": "nova-3",</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>35</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> "callback": put_url,</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>36</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> "callback_method": "put",</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>37</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> }</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>38</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> source = {"url": get_url}</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>39</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> deepgram.transcription.sync_prerecorded(source, options)</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>40</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"></span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>41</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line">def main():</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>42</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> # The name of the audio file that Deepgram will pull from your bucket to be transcribed</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>43</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> audio_file = "audio/NASA-first-all-female-space-walk.mp3"</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>44</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"></span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>45</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> # The name of the file that Deepgram will upload to the bucket with your transcription results</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>46</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> dest_file = "transcripts/NASA-first-all-female-space-walk.json"</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>47</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"></span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>48</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> # Time in seconds that the generated URLs will be valid</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>49</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> expiration_time = 10 * 60 # 10 minutes</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>50</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"></span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>51</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> get_url, put_url = get_presigned_urls(</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>52</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> audio_file_key=audio_file,</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>53</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> destination_transcript_key=dest_file,</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>54</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> expiration_time=expiration_time,</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>55</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> )</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>56</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> transcribe_audio(</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>57</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> get_url=get_url,</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>58</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> put_url=put_url,</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>59</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> )</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>60</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"></span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>61</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line">if __name__ == "__main__":</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>62</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> main()</span></td></tr></tbody></table></div></code></div></div></div></pre></div> <h2 id="serverless-workflow-with-lambda-functions-and-s3-event-notifications" data-state="closed">Serverless Workflow with Lambda Functions and S3 Event Notifications</h2> <p>AWS Lambda functions are popular in serverless architectures and integrate seamlessly with the presigned URL workflow explained in this guide. There are a few nuances to using presigned URLs and accessing Deepgram in a Lambda function, so if you’re using a Lambda function then keep reading!</p> <h3 id="allow-lambda-functions-to-generate-presigned-urls" data-state="closed">Allow Lambda Functions to Generate Presigned URLs</h3> <p>If you are using a serverless infrastructure, you may want to use AWS Lambda functions to generate presigned URLs. Make sure the Lambda’s Execution Role contains permissions for the <code>S3:PutObject</code> and <code>S3:GetObject</code> actions. Below is an example policy statement:</p> <div class="bg-card after:ring-card-border relative mb-6 mt-4 flex w-full min-w-0 max-w-full flex-col rounded-lg shadow-sm after:pointer-events-none after:absolute after:inset-0 after:rounded-[inherit] after:ring-1 after:ring-inset after:content-[''] first:mt-0"><div class="bg-tag-default-soft rounded-t-[inherit]"><div class="shadow-border-default mx-px flex min-h-10 items-center justify-between shadow-[inset_0_-1px_0_0]"><div class="flex min-h-10 overflow-x-auto"><div class="flex items-center px-3 py-1.5"><span class="t-muted rounded text-sm font-semibold">JSON</span></div></div><button tabindex="0" data-state="closed" aria-disabled="false" class="fern-copy-button group ml-2 mr-1 fern-button minimal normal rounded square"><span class="fern-button-content"><svg width="1.5em" height="1.5em" stroke-width="1.5" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" color="currentColor"><path d="M19.4 20H9.6C9.26863 20 9 19.7314 9 19.4V9.6C9 9.26863 9.26863 9 9.6 9H19.4C19.7314 9 20 9.26863 20 9.6V19.4C20 19.7314 19.7314 20 19.4 20Z" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"></path><path d="M15 9V4.6C15 4.26863 14.7314 4 14.4 4H4.6C4.26863 4 4 4.26863 4 4.6V14.4C4 14.7314 4.26863 15 4.6 15H9" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"></path></svg></span></button></div></div><pre class="code-block-root not-prose rounded-b-[inherit]" tabindex="0"><div dir="ltr" class="fern-scroll-area" style="position:relative;--radix-scroll-area-corner-width:0px;--radix-scroll-area-corner-height:0px"><style>[data-radix-scroll-area-viewport]{scrollbar-width:none;-ms-overflow-style:none;-webkit-overflow-scrolling:touch;}[data-radix-scroll-area-viewport]::-webkit-scrollbar{display:none}</style><div data-radix-scroll-area-viewport="" class="fern-scroll-area-viewport" data-scrollbars="both" style="overflow-x:hidden;overflow-y:hidden;max-height:479px"><div style="min-width:100%;display:table"><code class="code-block text-sm"><div class="code-block-inner"><table class="code-block-line-group"><colgroup><col class="w-fit"/><col/></colgroup><tbody><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>1</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line">{</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>2</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> "Sid": "allow-presigned-url-access",</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>3</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> "Effect": "Allow",</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>4</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> "Action": [</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>5</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> "s3:PutObject",</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>6</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> "s3:GetObject",</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>7</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> ],</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>8</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> "Resource": [</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>9</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> "arn:aws:s3:::deepgram-presigned-url-example-bucket/transcript/*",</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>10</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> "arn:aws:s3:::deepgram-presigned-url-example-bucket/audio/",</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>11</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> ]</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>12</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line">}</span></td></tr></tbody></table></div></code></div></div></div></pre></div> <h3 id="accessing-deepgram-from-aws-lambda" data-state="closed">Accessing Deepgram from AWS Lambda</h3> <p>AWS Lambda functions do not have access to most Python packages, including the Deepgram SDK. To use the Deepgram SDK, you can upload a Lambda Layer.</p> <p>Alternatively, if you just need to make simple requests to Deepgram, you can use the <code>requests</code> package to make calls to Deepgram. Below is the full code that can be used in a Lambda function (using Python 3.10).</p> <div class="bg-card after:ring-card-border relative mb-6 mt-4 flex w-full min-w-0 max-w-full flex-col rounded-lg shadow-sm after:pointer-events-none after:absolute after:inset-0 after:rounded-[inherit] after:ring-1 after:ring-inset after:content-[''] first:mt-0"><div class="bg-tag-default-soft rounded-t-[inherit]"><div class="shadow-border-default mx-px flex min-h-10 items-center justify-between shadow-[inset_0_-1px_0_0]"><div class="flex min-h-10 overflow-x-auto"><div class="flex items-center px-3 py-1.5"><span class="t-muted rounded text-sm font-semibold">Python</span></div></div><button tabindex="0" data-state="closed" aria-disabled="false" class="fern-copy-button group ml-2 mr-1 fern-button minimal normal rounded square"><span class="fern-button-content"><svg width="1.5em" height="1.5em" stroke-width="1.5" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" color="currentColor"><path d="M19.4 20H9.6C9.26863 20 9 19.7314 9 19.4V9.6C9 9.26863 9.26863 9 9.6 9H19.4C19.7314 9 20 9.26863 20 9.6V19.4C20 19.7314 19.7314 20 19.4 20Z" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"></path><path d="M15 9V4.6C15 4.26863 14.7314 4 14.4 4H4.6C4.26863 4 4 4.26863 4 4.6V14.4C4 14.7314 4.26863 15 4.6 15H9" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"></path></svg></span></button></div></div><pre class="code-block-root not-prose rounded-b-[inherit]" tabindex="0"><div dir="ltr" class="fern-scroll-area" style="position:relative;--radix-scroll-area-corner-width:0px;--radix-scroll-area-corner-height:0px"><style>[data-radix-scroll-area-viewport]{scrollbar-width:none;-ms-overflow-style:none;-webkit-overflow-scrolling:touch;}[data-radix-scroll-area-viewport]::-webkit-scrollbar{display:none}</style><div data-radix-scroll-area-viewport="" class="fern-scroll-area-viewport" data-scrollbars="both" style="overflow-x:hidden;overflow-y:hidden;max-height:479px"><div style="min-width:100%;display:table"><code class="code-block text-sm"><div class="code-block-inner"><table class="code-block-line-group"><colgroup><col class="w-fit"/><col/></colgroup><tbody><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>1</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line">import pip._vendor.requests as requests # Import a pre-installed `requests` module</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>2</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line">from botocore.client import Config</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>3</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line">from typing import Tuple</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>4</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line">import urllib.parse</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>5</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line">import boto3</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>6</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line">import json</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>7</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"></span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>8</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line">DEEPGRAM_API_KEY = "YOUR_DEEPGRAM_API_KEY"</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>9</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"></span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>10</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line">BUCKET_NAME = "deepgram-presigned-url-example-bucket" # Your S3 bucket</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>11</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line">BUCKET_REGION = "us-east-1" # The region your S3 bucket is in (visible in the `Properties` tab)</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>12</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line">s3_client = boto3.client("s3", config=Config(signature_version="s3v4", region_name=BUCKET_REGION))</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>13</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"></span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>14</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line">def get_presigned_urls(audio_file_key: str, destination_transcript_key: str, expiration_time) -> Tuple[str, str]:</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>15</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> get_url = s3_client.generate_presigned_url(</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>16</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> ClientMethod="get_object",</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>17</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> Params={"Bucket": BUCKET_NAME, "Key": audio_file_key},</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>18</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> ExpiresIn=expiration_time,</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>19</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> )</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>20</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> put_url = s3_client.generate_presigned_url(</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>21</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> ClientMethod="put_object",</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>22</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> Params={</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>23</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> "Bucket": BUCKET_NAME,</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>24</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> "Key": destination_transcript_key,</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>25</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> "ContentType": "application/json",</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>26</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> },</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>27</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> ExpiresIn=expiration_time,</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>28</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> )</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>29</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> return get_url, put_url</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>30</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"></span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>31</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line">def transcribe_audio(get_url: str, put_url: str):</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>32</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> source = {"url": get_url}</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>33</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> headers = {"Authorization": f"Token {DEEPGRAM_API_KEY}", "Content-Type": "application/json"}</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>34</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"></span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>35</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> options = {</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>36</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> "model": "nova-3",</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>37</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> "smart_format": "true",</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>38</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> "callback": put_url,</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>39</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> "callback_method": "put"</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>40</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> }</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>41</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> params = urllib.parse.urlencode(options)</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>42</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> url = f"https://api.deepgram.com/v1/listen?{params}"</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>43</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> response = requests.post(url, headers=headers, data=json.dumps(source))</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>44</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> data = response.json()</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>45</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> return data</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>46</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"></span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>47</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line">def lambda_handler(event, context):</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>48</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> # The name of the audio file that Deepgram will pull from your bucket to be transcribed</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>49</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> audio_file = "audio/NASA-first-all-female-space-walk.mp3"</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>50</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"></span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>51</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> # The name of the file that Deepgram will upload to the bucket with your transcription results</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>52</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> dest_file = "transcripts/NASA-first-all-female-space-walk.json"</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>53</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"></span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>54</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> # Time in seconds that the generated URLs will be valid</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>55</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> expiration_time = 10 * 60 # 10 minutes</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>56</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"></span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>57</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> get_url, put_url = get_presigned_urls(</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>58</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> audio_file_key=audio_file,</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>59</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> destination_transcript_key=dest_file,</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>60</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> expiration_time=expiration_time,</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>61</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> )</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>62</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> r = transcribe_audio(</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>63</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> get_url=get_url,</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>64</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> put_url=put_url,</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>65</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> )</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>66</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"></span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>67</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> return {</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>68</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> 'statusCode': 200,</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>69</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> 'body': json.dumps(r)</span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>70</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> }</span></td></tr></tbody></table></div></code></div></div></div></pre></div> <h3 id="responding-to-transcript-completion-using-s3-event-notifications" data-state="closed">Responding to Transcript Completion using S3 Event Notifications</h3> <p>Once a transcript is uploaded to S3, it’s important for your application to know the transcription is complete. AWS has a feature called “S3 Event Notifications” that can trigger events in other AWS services when a file is uploaded to a certain bucket/location.</p> <p>To enable event notifications for your S3 bucket, go to the <code>Properties</code> tab and scroll down to the “Event Notifications” section. You can set up event notifications to be triggered when an object is <code>put</code> into a specific directory in your S3 bucket, defined by a <code>prefix</code>.</p> <p>Event notifications can trigger a Lambda function, and the event notification will include the full key/filename of the transcript that was uploaded to S3. Your serverless backend can then load the transcript and provide it to your users. If you do not wish to load the transcript into the Lambda’s memory, you can create <em>another</em> presigned <code>GET</code> URL to allow the client-side application to load the transcript directly in a safe and secure way!</p> <h2 id="troubleshooting" data-state="closed">Troubleshooting</h2> <p>If you are receiving <code>AccessDenied</code> messages such as the one below, it’s likely the presigned URL has expired. Try setting a longer expiration time when creating the URL. Note that the presigned <code>PUT</code> URL’s expiration time must take into account the time it takes for the audio to be transcribed.</p> <div class="bg-card after:ring-card-border relative mb-6 mt-4 flex w-full min-w-0 max-w-full flex-col rounded-lg shadow-sm after:pointer-events-none after:absolute after:inset-0 after:rounded-[inherit] after:ring-1 after:ring-inset after:content-[''] first:mt-0"><div class="bg-tag-default-soft rounded-t-[inherit]"><div class="shadow-border-default mx-px flex min-h-10 items-center justify-between shadow-[inset_0_-1px_0_0]"><div class="flex min-h-10 overflow-x-auto"><div class="flex items-center px-3 py-1.5"><span class="t-muted rounded text-sm font-semibold">XML</span></div></div><button tabindex="0" data-state="closed" aria-disabled="false" class="fern-copy-button group ml-2 mr-1 fern-button minimal normal rounded square"><span class="fern-button-content"><svg width="1.5em" height="1.5em" stroke-width="1.5" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" color="currentColor"><path d="M19.4 20H9.6C9.26863 20 9 19.7314 9 19.4V9.6C9 9.26863 9.26863 9 9.6 9H19.4C19.7314 9 20 9.26863 20 9.6V19.4C20 19.7314 19.7314 20 19.4 20Z" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"></path><path d="M15 9V4.6C15 4.26863 14.7314 4 14.4 4H4.6C4.26863 4 4 4.26863 4 4.6V14.4C4 14.7314 4.26863 15 4.6 15H9" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"></path></svg></span></button></div></div><pre class="code-block-root not-prose rounded-b-[inherit]" tabindex="0"><div dir="ltr" class="fern-scroll-area" style="position:relative;--radix-scroll-area-corner-width:0px;--radix-scroll-area-corner-height:0px"><style>[data-radix-scroll-area-viewport]{scrollbar-width:none;-ms-overflow-style:none;-webkit-overflow-scrolling:touch;}[data-radix-scroll-area-viewport]::-webkit-scrollbar{display:none}</style><div data-radix-scroll-area-viewport="" class="fern-scroll-area-viewport" data-scrollbars="both" style="overflow-x:hidden;overflow-y:hidden;max-height:479px"><div style="min-width:100%;display:table"><code class="code-block text-sm"><div class="code-block-inner"><table class="code-block-line-group"><colgroup><col class="w-fit"/><col/></colgroup><tbody><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>1</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?></span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>2</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"><Error></span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>3</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> <Code>AccessDenied</Code></span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>4</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> <Message>Request has expired</Message></span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>5</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> <X-Amz-Expires>120</X-Amz-Expires></span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>6</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> <Expires>2023-06-06T21:28:06Z</Expires></span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>7</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> <ServerTime>2023-06-07T19:52:03Z</ServerTime></span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>8</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> <RequestId>ZK1CA2Z9FH9N7E49</RequestId></span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>9</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"> <HostId>J48F/Rz5bayiqj6FQ3kRIZ/5zNLfzPDlWdX8v6EsLITgTMb7wbEJIEC2l2QvNrIw86jl/fkGM+U=</HostId></span></td></tr><tr class="code-block-line"><td class="code-block-line-gutter"><span>10</span></td><td class="code-block-line-content"><span class="line"></Error></span></td></tr></tbody></table></div></code></div></div></div></pre></div> <p><span aria-owns="rmiz-modal-" data-rmiz=""><span data-rmiz-content="not-found" style="visibility:visible"><img alt="" loading="lazy" width="766" height="185" decoding="async" data-nimg="1" style="color:transparent;aspect-ratio:4.140540540540541" srcSet="https://app.ferndocs.com/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Ffiles.buildwithfern.com%2Fhttps%3A%2F%2Fdeepgram.docs.buildwithfern.com%2F2025-02-20T21%3A58%3A25.029Z%2Fimages%2F9f93eca-presigned-url-error-message-1.png&w=828&q=75&dpl=dpl_4QpQ8NTiUGorrHCFa7JoGjuJyFCt 1x, https://app.ferndocs.com/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Ffiles.buildwithfern.com%2Fhttps%3A%2F%2Fdeepgram.docs.buildwithfern.com%2F2025-02-20T21%3A58%3A25.029Z%2Fimages%2F9f93eca-presigned-url-error-message-1.png&w=1920&q=75&dpl=dpl_4QpQ8NTiUGorrHCFa7JoGjuJyFCt 2x" src="https://files.buildwithfern.com/https://deepgram.docs.buildwithfern.com/2025-02-20T21:58:25.029Z/images/9f93eca-presigned-url-error-message-1.png"/></span></span></p> <hr/> <p>What’s Next</p> <ul class="mb-3 list-outside list-disc space-y-2"> <li class=""><a class="fern-mdx-link" href="/reference/deepgram-api-overview">Deepgram API Overview</a></li> </ul></div><footer class="mt-12"><div class="flex gap-4 max-sm:flex-col sm:justify-between"><div><div><div class="flex w-full flex-wrap items-center justify-between gap-4"><div class="flex items-center justify-start gap-2"><span class="t-muted text-sm font-medium">Was this page helpful?</span><span class="fern-button-group"><button tabindex="0" data-state="closed" 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SDK","anchorString":"setup-the-aws-python-sdk","children":[{"simpleString":"Enable Programmatic Access to AWS","anchorString":"enable-programmatic-access-to-aws","children":[]},{"simpleString":"Install the AWS Python SDK","anchorString":"install-the-aws-python-sdk","children":[]}]}]},{"simpleString":"Sending Audio Data to Deepgram Using a Presigned URL","anchorString":"sending-audio-data-to-deepgram-using-a-presigned-url","children":[]},{"simpleString":"Uploading Transcripts Directly to S3","anchorString":"uploading-transcripts-directly-to-s3","children":[]},{"simpleString":"Putting It All Together","anchorString":"putting-it-all-together","children":[]},{"simpleString":"Serverless Workflow with Lambda Functions and S3 Event Notifications","anchorString":"serverless-workflow-with-lambda-functions-and-s3-event-notifications","children":[{"simpleString":"Allow Lambda Functions to Generate Presigned URLs","anchorString":"allow-lambda-functions-to-generate-presigned-urls","children":[]},{"simpleString":"Accessing Deepgram from AWS Lambda","anchorString":"accessing-deepgram-from-aws-lambda","children":[]},{"simpleString":"Responding to Transcript Completion using S3 Event Notifications","anchorString":"responding-to-transcript-completion-using-s3-event-notifications","children":[]}]},{"simpleString":"Troubleshooting","anchorString":"troubleshooting","children":[]}],"content":{"engine":"mdx-bundler","code":"var Component=(()=\u003e{var g=Object.create;var o=Object.defineProperty;var m=Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor;var f=Object.getOwnPropertyNames;var _=Object.getPrototypeOf,y=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;var b=(t,e)=\u003e()=\u003e(e||t((e={exports:{}}).exports,e),e.exports),w=(t,e)=\u003e{for(var i in e)o(t,i,{get:e[i],enumerable:!0})},d=(t,e,i,r)=\u003e{if(e\u0026\u0026typeof e==\"object\"||typeof e==\"function\")for(let a of f(e))!y.call(t,a)\u0026\u0026a!==i\u0026\u0026o(t,a,{get:()=\u003ee[a],enumerable:!(r=m(e,a))||r.enumerable});return t};var A=(t,e,i)=\u003e(i=t!=null?g(_(t)):{},d(e||!t||!t.__esModule?o(i,\"default\",{value:t,enumerable:!0}):i,t)),S=t=\u003ed(o({},\"__esModule\",{value:!0}),t);var u=b((L,c)=\u003e{c.exports=_jsx_runtime});var k={};w(k,{default:()=\u003ep,frontmatter:()=\u003eE});var n=A(u());var{useMDXComponents:s}=MdxJsReact;var E={title:\"AWS S3 Presigned URLs and Deepgram\",subtitle:\"Use S3 to send audio data to Deepgram and store transcripts from Deepgram directly in S3.\",slug:\"docs/using-aws-s3-presigned-urls-with-the-deepgram-api\"};function h(t){let e={a:\"a\",code:\"code\",em:\"em\",h2:\"h2\",h3:\"h3\",h4:\"h4\",hr:\"hr\",img:\"img\",li:\"li\",ol:\"ol\",p:\"p\",strong:\"strong\",ul:\"ul\",...s(),...t.components},{CodeBlocks:i,Info:r,Warning:a}=e;return i||l(\"CodeBlocks\",!0),r||l(\"Info\",!0),a||l(\"Warning\",!0),(0,n.jsxs)(n.Fragment,{children:[(0,n.jsx)(e.p,{children:\"Your audio data may contain sensitive information and it\\u2019s critical that your data stays private. AWS S3\\u2019s presigned URLs can be leveraged to securely send audio data to Deepgram and securely receive transcripts from Deepgram.\"}),`\n`,(0,n.jsx)(e.h2,{id:\"what-are-presigned-urls\",children:\"What are Presigned URLs?\"}),`\n`,(0,n.jsx)(e.p,{children:\"In this guide we\\u2019ll walk you through how to leverage presigned URLs to 1) send audio data from S3 to Deepgram and 2) upload transcripts generated by Deepgram directly to S3.\"}),`\n`,(0,n.jsx)(e.p,{children:\"But first of all, what is a presigned URL?\"}),`\n`,(0,n.jsx)(e.p,{children:\"A presigned URL is a time-limited URL that provides temporary access to an object stored in an S3 bucket. Presigned URLs provide a flexible and secure way to grant temporary access to S3 objects without compromising the security of your AWS credentials or making the object publicly accessible. Presigned URLs are commonly used in scenarios where you want to grant temporary access to private S3 objects to specific individuals or applications, which makes them a perfect fit for sharing audio data with Deepgram.\"}),`\n`,(0,n.jsx)(e.h2,{id:\"before-you-begin\",children:\"Before you Begin\"}),`\n`,(0,n.jsx)(r,{children:(0,n.jsxs)(e.p,{children:[\"Before you can use Deepgram, you\\u2019ll need to \",(0,n.jsx)(e.a,{href:\"https://console.deepgram.com/signup?jump=keys\",children:\"create a Deepgram account\"}),\". Signup is free and includes \",(0,n.jsx)(e.strong,{children:\"$200\"}),\" in free credit and access to all of Deepgram\\u2019s features!\"]})}),`\n`,(0,n.jsx)(r,{children:(0,n.jsxs)(e.p,{children:[\"Before you start, you\\u2019ll need to follow the steps in the \",(0,n.jsx)(e.a,{href:\"/docs/make-your-first-api-request\",children:\"Make Your First API Request\"}),\" guide to obtain a Deepgram API key, and configure your environment if you are choosing to use a Deepgram SDK.\"]})}),`\n`,(0,n.jsx)(e.h3,{id:\"create-an-aws-account-an-s3-bucket-and-upload-an-audio-file\",children:\"Create an AWS Account, an S3 Bucket, and Upload an Audio File\"}),`\n`,(0,n.jsxs)(e.p,{children:[\"If you don\\u2019t already have an AWS account, you can create one on the \",(0,n.jsx)(e.a,{href:\"http://console.aws.amazon.com/console/home\",children:\"AWS Console\"}),\".\"]}),`\n`,(0,n.jsxs)(e.p,{children:[\"Once you\\u2019re logged into AWS, \",(0,n.jsx)(e.a,{href:\"https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/userguide/create-bucket-overview.html\",children:\"create a bucket\"}),\" in S3 \",(0,n.jsx)(e.a,{href:\"https://s3.console.aws.amazon.com/s3/home?region=us-east-1\",children:\"here\"}),\". Note that bucket names must be globally unique, so you may need to create a bucket with a long name, such \",(0,n.jsx)(e.code,{children:\"deepgram-audio-and-transcripts-\u003cyour-name\u003e\"}),\". You can use the default bucket configurations when creating the bucket.\"]}),`\n`,(0,n.jsxs)(e.p,{children:[\"Next, upload an audio file to your bucket. We recommend creating two folders, one called \",(0,n.jsx)(e.code,{children:\"audio\"}),\" and another called \",(0,n.jsx)(e.code,{children:\"transcripts\"}),\", then uploading your audio files into the \",(0,n.jsx)(e.code,{children:\"audio\"}),\" folder. \",(0,n.jsx)(e.a,{href:\"https://res.cloudinary.com/deepgram/video/upload/v1663090406/dg-audio/NASA-EXP61_EVA_n5zazi.m4a\",children:\"Here\"}),\" is the sample audio file we are using in this guide.\"]}),`\n`,(0,n.jsx)(e.h3,{id:\"setup-the-aws-python-sdk\",children:\"Setup the AWS Python SDK\"}),`\n`,(0,n.jsx)(e.h4,{id:\"enable-programmatic-access-to-aws\",children:\"Enable Programmatic Access to AWS\"}),`\n`,(0,n.jsx)(r,{children:(0,n.jsxs)(e.p,{children:[\"If you already have AWS credentials in your \",(0,n.jsx)(e.code,{children:\"~/.aws/credentials\"}),\" file, you can skip this step.\"]})}),`\n`,(0,n.jsx)(e.p,{children:\"You will need to enable programmatic access to AWS to use the AWS SDKs. After logging into the AWS Console, follow the steps below:\"}),`\n`,(0,n.jsxs)(e.ol,{children:[`\n`,(0,n.jsxs)(e.li,{children:[`\n`,(0,n.jsx)(e.p,{children:\"Click on IAM \\u2192 Users \\u2192 select your user \\u2192 Security Credentials \\u2192 Access Keys \\u2192 Create Access Key \\u2192 Application running outside AWS \\u2192 Next \\u2192 Create access key. Do not close the web page until you complete Step 4!\"}),`\n`]}),`\n`,(0,n.jsxs)(e.li,{children:[`\n`,(0,n.jsxs)(e.p,{children:[\"Create or open the shared AWS\\xA0\",(0,n.jsx)(e.code,{children:\"credentials\"}),\"\\xA0file. This file is\\xA0\",(0,n.jsx)(e.code,{children:\"~/.aws/credentials\"}),\"\\xA0on Linux and macOS, and\\xA0\",(0,n.jsx)(e.code,{children:\"%USERPROFILE%\\\\\\\\.aws\\\\\\\\credentials\"}),\"\\xA0on Windows. For more information, see\\xA0AWS\\u2019s \",(0,n.jsx)(e.a,{href:\"https://docs.aws.amazon.com/cli/latest/userguide/cli-configure-files.html\",children:\"Configuration and credential file settings\"}),\".\"]}),`\n`]}),`\n`,(0,n.jsxs)(e.li,{children:[`\n`,(0,n.jsxs)(e.p,{children:[\"Add the following text to the shared\\xA0\",(0,n.jsx)(e.code,{children:\"credentials\"}),\"\\xA0file.\"]}),`\n`,(0,n.jsx)(i,{items:[{code:`[default]\naws_access_key_id = AKIAIOSFODNN7EXAMPLE\naws_secret_access_key = wJalrXUtnFEMI/K7MDENG/bPxRfiCYEXAMPLEKEY\n`,language:\"text\",highlightLines:[],highlightStyle:\"highlight\",maxLines:20,title:\"markdown\",wordWrap:!1,matchLanguage:void 0}]}),`\n`]}),`\n`,(0,n.jsxs)(e.li,{children:[`\n`,(0,n.jsxs)(e.p,{children:[\"Replace the \",(0,n.jsx)(e.code,{children:\"aws_access_key_id\"}),\" and \",(0,n.jsx)(e.code,{children:\"aws_secret_access_key\"}),\" with the values created in Step 1.\"]}),`\n`]}),`\n`]}),`\n`,(0,n.jsx)(e.p,{children:\"Now, when the AWS SDK is loaded, your user\\u2019s programmatic access will be used by default.\"}),`\n`,(0,n.jsx)(e.h4,{id:\"install-the-aws-python-sdk\",children:\"Install the AWS Python SDK\"}),`\n`,(0,n.jsxs)(e.p,{children:[\"The AWS Python SDK is called \",(0,n.jsx)(e.code,{children:\"boto3\"}),\". You can find the docs \",(0,n.jsx)(e.a,{href:\"https://boto3.amazonaws.com/v1/documentation/api/latest/index.html\",children:\"here\"}),\".\"]}),`\n`,(0,n.jsxs)(e.p,{children:[\"To install \",(0,n.jsx)(e.code,{children:\"boto3\"}),\", run \",(0,n.jsx)(e.code,{children:\"pip install boto3\"}),\".\"]}),`\n`,(0,n.jsx)(e.h2,{id:\"sending-audio-data-to-deepgram-using-a-presigned-url\",children:\"Sending Audio Data to Deepgram Using a Presigned URL\"}),`\n`,(0,n.jsx)(e.p,{children:\"Once you have an audio file uploaded to one of your S3 buckets, you can generate a presigned URL very easily from the AWS S3 website: Click on your audio file, then going to \\u201CObject actions\\u201D in the top-right corner, and click \\u201CShare with a presigned URL\\u201D.\"}),`\n`,(0,n.jsx)(e.p,{children:(0,n.jsx)(e.img,{src:\"https://files.buildwithfern.com/https://deepgram.docs.buildwithfern.com/2025-02-20T21:58:25.029Z/images/855c249-create-presigned-url-ui.png\",alt:\"\",height:\"497\",width:\"390\"})}),`\n`,(0,n.jsxs)(e.p,{children:[\"The presigned URL will be copied to your clipboard, and if you paste it into your browser\\u2019s URL bar the file will be downloaded to your computer. If you carefully inspect the URL, you will notice query parameters such as \",(0,n.jsx)(e.code,{children:\"Amz-Security-Token\"}),\" and \",(0,n.jsx)(e.code,{children:\"X-Amz-Expires\"}),\". These query parameters contain the credentials for secure access to your files.\"]}),`\n`,(0,n.jsxs)(e.p,{children:[\"We will use the \",(0,n.jsx)(e.a,{href:\"https://boto3.amazonaws.com/v1/documentation/api/latest/index.html\",children:\"AWS Python SDK\"}),\" (installed via \",(0,n.jsx)(e.code,{children:\"pip install boto3\"}),\") to programmatically create presigned URLs. The below code creates a presigned URL that retrieves a file from S3:\"]}),`\n`,(0,n.jsx)(i,{items:[{code:`from botocore.client import Config\nimport boto3\n\n# Initialize the AWS SDK with an S3 client\nBUCKET_NAME = \"presigned-url-example-bucket\" # Your S3 bucket\nBUCKET_REGION = \"us-east-1\" # The region your S3 bucket is in (visible in the \\`Properties\\` tab)\ns3_client = boto3.client(\"s3\", config=Config(signature_version=\"s3v4\", region_name=BUCKET_REGION))\n\nAUDIO_FILE_PATH_IN_S3 = \"audio/NASA-first-all-female-space-walk.mp3\"\nEXPIRATION_TIME_IN_SECONDS = 10 * 60 # 10 minutes\n# Create a presigned GET URL\nget_url = s3_client.generate_presigned_url(\n ClientMethod=\"get_object\",\n Params={\"Bucket\": BUCKET_NAME, \"Key\": AUDIO_FILE_PATH_IN_S3},\n ExpiresIn=EXPIRATION_TIME_IN_SECONDS,\n)\n`,language:\"python\",highlightLines:[],highlightStyle:\"highlight\",maxLines:20,title:\"Python\",wordWrap:!1,matchLanguage:void 0}]}),`\n`,(0,n.jsx)(r,{children:(0,n.jsxs)(e.p,{children:[\"You can download the NASA audio file \",(0,n.jsx)(e.a,{href:\"https://deepgram.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/NASA-EXP61_EVA-v2.mp3\",children:\"here\"}),\".\"]})}),`\n`,(0,n.jsxs)(e.p,{children:[\"Nice work! Now you can include the \",(0,n.jsx)(e.code,{children:\"get_url\"}),\" in your Deepgram API call to send the audio to Deepgram. Since the presigned URL contains the relevant security credentials, your data is safe from prying eyes.\"]}),`\n`,(0,n.jsx)(e.h2,{id:\"uploading-transcripts-directly-to-s3\",children:\"Uploading Transcripts Directly to S3\"}),`\n`,(0,n.jsx)(e.p,{children:\"To programmatically create a presigned URL that uploads a file to S3, use the code below:\"}),`\n`,(0,n.jsx)(i,{items:[{code:`TRANSCRIPT_FILE_PATH_IN_S3 = \"transcripts/NASA-first-all-female-space-walk.json\"\nEXPIRATION_TIME_IN_SECONDS = 10 * 60 # 10 minutes\n# Create a presigned PUT URL\nput_url = s3_client.generate_presigned_url(\n ClientMethod=\"put_object\",\n Params={\n \"Bucket\": BUCKET_NAME,\n \"Key\": TRANSCRIPT_FILE_PATH_IN_S3,\n \"ContentType\": \"application/json\",\n },\n ExpiresIn=EXPIRATION_TIME_IN_SECONDS,\n)\n`,language:\"python\",highlightLines:[],highlightStyle:\"highlight\",maxLines:20,title:\"Python\",wordWrap:!1,matchLanguage:void 0}]}),`\n`,(0,n.jsxs)(e.p,{children:[\"The presigned URL generated by this code allows any file to be uploaded to the S3 path specified by \",(0,n.jsx)(e.code,{children:\"TRANSCRIPT_FILE_PATH_IN_S3\"}),\". We will pass this URL to Deepgram via the \",(0,n.jsx)(e.code,{children:\"callback\"}),\" query parameter. Note that this URL requires the requester to make a \",(0,n.jsx)(e.code,{children:\"PUT\"}),\" request.\"]}),`\n`,(0,n.jsxs)(e.p,{children:[\"The presigned \",(0,n.jsx)(e.code,{children:\"PUT\"}),\" URL\\u2019s expiration time must take into account the time it takes for the audio to be transcribed, which is why a default value of 10 minutes is used in this guide. Longer audio files will require longer expiration times for the \",(0,n.jsx)(e.code,{children:\"PUT\"}),\" URL. You may need to find an expiration time that fits your use case.\"]}),`\n`,(0,n.jsx)(e.p,{children:\"Finally, you can combine the GET and PUT URLs in an API request to Deepgram to perform the transcription:\"}),`\n`,(0,n.jsx)(i,{items:[{code:`import os\n\nDEEPGRAM_API_KEY = os.environ[\"DEEPGRAM_API_KEY\"] # Your Deepgram API Key\ndeepgram = Deepgram(DEEPGRAM_API_KEY)\n\ndef transcribe_audio(get_url: str, put_url: str):\n options = {\n \"smart_format\": True,\n \"model\": \"nova-3\",\n \"callback\": put_url,\n \"callback_method\": \"put\",\n }\n source = {\"url\": get_url}\n deepgram.transcription.sync_prerecorded(source, options)\n`,language:\"python\",highlightLines:[],highlightStyle:\"highlight\",maxLines:20,title:\"Python\",wordWrap:!1,matchLanguage:void 0}]}),`\n`,(0,n.jsx)(a,{children:(0,n.jsxs)(e.p,{children:[\"Presigned URLs that upload files to S3 can use either the \",(0,n.jsx)(e.code,{children:\"PUT\"}),\" or \",(0,n.jsx)(e.code,{children:\"POST\"}),\" HTTP method. It is critical that the \",(0,n.jsx)(e.code,{children:\"PUT\"}),\" HTTP method is used when communicating with Deepgram. Presigned \",(0,n.jsx)(e.code,{children:\"POST\"}),\" URLs move the credential information from the URL\\u2019s query parameters into the request body, and since a \",(0,n.jsx)(e.code,{children:\"callback\"}),\"\\u2019s request body cannot be set via the Deepgram API the \",(0,n.jsx)(e.code,{children:\"PUT\"}),\" method is required.\"]})}),`\n`,(0,n.jsx)(e.h2,{id:\"putting-it-all-together\",children:\"Putting It All Together\"}),`\n`,(0,n.jsx)(e.p,{children:\"Below is the full code for 1) generating presigned URLs, 2) sending your audio data to Deepgram, and 3) uploading transcripts directly into S3:\"}),`\n`,(0,n.jsx)(i,{items:[{code:`from typing import Tuple\nfrom botocore.client import Config\nfrom deepgram import Deepgram\nimport boto3\nimport os\n\nDEEPGRAM_API_KEY = os.environ[\"DEEPGRAM_API_KEY\"] # Your Deepgram API Key\ndeepgram = Deepgram(DEEPGRAM_API_KEY)\n\nBUCKET_NAME = \"deepgram-presigned-url-example-bucket\" # Your S3 bucket\nBUCKET_REGION = \"us-east-1\" # The region your S3 bucket is in (visible in the \\`Properties\\` tab)\ns3_client = boto3.client(\"s3\", config=Config(signature_version=\"s3v4\", region_name=BUCKET_REGION))\n\ndef get_presigned_urls(audio_file_key: str, destination_transcript_key: str, expiration_time) -\u003e Tuple[str, str]:\n get_url = s3_client.generate_presigned_url(\n ClientMethod=\"get_object\",\n Params={\"Bucket\": BUCKET_NAME, \"Key\": audio_file_key},\n ExpiresIn=expiration_time,\n )\n put_url = s3_client.generate_presigned_url(\n ClientMethod=\"put_object\",\n Params={\n \"Bucket\": BUCKET_NAME,\n \"Key\": destination_transcript_key,\n \"ContentType\": \"application/json\",\n },\n ExpiresIn=expiration_time,\n )\n return get_url, put_url\n\ndef transcribe_audio(get_url: str, put_url: str):\n options = {\n \"smart_format\": True,\n \"model\": \"nova-3\",\n \"callback\": put_url,\n \"callback_method\": \"put\",\n }\n source = {\"url\": get_url}\n deepgram.transcription.sync_prerecorded(source, options)\n\ndef main():\n # The name of the audio file that Deepgram will pull from your bucket to be transcribed\n audio_file = \"audio/NASA-first-all-female-space-walk.mp3\"\n\n # The name of the file that Deepgram will upload to the bucket with your transcription results\n dest_file = \"transcripts/NASA-first-all-female-space-walk.json\"\n\n # Time in seconds that the generated URLs will be valid\n expiration_time = 10 * 60 # 10 minutes\n\n get_url, put_url = get_presigned_urls(\n audio_file_key=audio_file,\n destination_transcript_key=dest_file,\n expiration_time=expiration_time,\n )\n transcribe_audio(\n get_url=get_url,\n put_url=put_url,\n )\n\nif __name__ == \"__main__\":\n main()\n`,language:\"python\",highlightLines:[],highlightStyle:\"highlight\",maxLines:20,title:\"Python\",wordWrap:!1,matchLanguage:void 0}]}),`\n`,(0,n.jsx)(e.h2,{id:\"serverless-workflow-with-lambda-functions-and-s3-event-notifications\",children:\"Serverless Workflow with Lambda Functions and S3 Event Notifications\"}),`\n`,(0,n.jsx)(e.p,{children:\"AWS Lambda functions are popular in serverless architectures and integrate seamlessly with the presigned URL workflow explained in this guide. There are a few nuances to using presigned URLs and accessing Deepgram in a Lambda function, so if you\\u2019re using a Lambda function then keep reading!\"}),`\n`,(0,n.jsx)(e.h3,{id:\"allow-lambda-functions-to-generate-presigned-urls\",children:\"Allow Lambda Functions to Generate Presigned URLs\"}),`\n`,(0,n.jsxs)(e.p,{children:[\"If you are using a serverless infrastructure, you may want to use AWS Lambda functions to generate presigned URLs. Make sure the Lambda\\u2019s Execution Role contains permissions for the \",(0,n.jsx)(e.code,{children:\"S3:PutObject\"}),\" and \",(0,n.jsx)(e.code,{children:\"S3:GetObject\"}),\" actions. Below is an example policy statement:\"]}),`\n`,(0,n.jsx)(i,{items:[{code:`{\n\t\"Sid\": \"allow-presigned-url-access\",\n\t\"Effect\": \"Allow\",\n\t\"Action\": [\n\t\t\"s3:PutObject\",\n\t\t\"s3:GetObject\",\n\t],\n\t\"Resource\": [\n\t\t\"arn:aws:s3:::deepgram-presigned-url-example-bucket/transcript/*\",\n\t\t\"arn:aws:s3:::deepgram-presigned-url-example-bucket/audio/\",\n\t]\n}\n`,language:\"json\",highlightLines:[],highlightStyle:\"highlight\",maxLines:20,title:\"JSON\",wordWrap:!1,matchLanguage:void 0}]}),`\n`,(0,n.jsx)(e.h3,{id:\"accessing-deepgram-from-aws-lambda\",children:\"Accessing Deepgram from AWS Lambda\"}),`\n`,(0,n.jsx)(e.p,{children:\"AWS Lambda functions do not have access to most Python packages, including the Deepgram SDK. To use the Deepgram SDK, you can upload a Lambda Layer.\"}),`\n`,(0,n.jsxs)(e.p,{children:[\"Alternatively, if you just need to make simple requests to Deepgram, you can use the \",(0,n.jsx)(e.code,{children:\"requests\"}),\" package to make calls to Deepgram. Below is the full code that can be used in a Lambda function (using Python 3.10).\"]}),`\n`,(0,n.jsx)(i,{items:[{code:`import pip._vendor.requests as requests # Import a pre-installed \\`requests\\` module\nfrom botocore.client import Config\nfrom typing import Tuple\nimport urllib.parse\nimport boto3\nimport json\n\nDEEPGRAM_API_KEY = \"YOUR_DEEPGRAM_API_KEY\"\n\nBUCKET_NAME = \"deepgram-presigned-url-example-bucket\" # Your S3 bucket\nBUCKET_REGION = \"us-east-1\" # The region your S3 bucket is in (visible in the \\`Properties\\` tab)\ns3_client = boto3.client(\"s3\", config=Config(signature_version=\"s3v4\", region_name=BUCKET_REGION))\n\ndef get_presigned_urls(audio_file_key: str, destination_transcript_key: str, expiration_time) -\u003e Tuple[str, str]:\n get_url = s3_client.generate_presigned_url(\n ClientMethod=\"get_object\",\n Params={\"Bucket\": BUCKET_NAME, \"Key\": audio_file_key},\n ExpiresIn=expiration_time,\n )\n put_url = s3_client.generate_presigned_url(\n ClientMethod=\"put_object\",\n Params={\n \"Bucket\": BUCKET_NAME,\n \"Key\": destination_transcript_key,\n \"ContentType\": \"application/json\",\n },\n ExpiresIn=expiration_time,\n )\n return get_url, put_url\n\ndef transcribe_audio(get_url: str, put_url: str):\n source = {\"url\": get_url}\n headers = {\"Authorization\": f\"Token {DEEPGRAM_API_KEY}\", \"Content-Type\": \"application/json\"}\n\n options = {\n \"model\": \"nova-3\",\n \"smart_format\": \"true\",\n \"callback\": put_url,\n \"callback_method\": \"put\"\n }\n params = urllib.parse.urlencode(options)\n url = f\"https://api.deepgram.com/v1/listen?{params}\"\n response = requests.post(url, headers=headers, data=json.dumps(source))\n data = response.json()\n return data\n\ndef lambda_handler(event, context):\n # The name of the audio file that Deepgram will pull from your bucket to be transcribed\n audio_file = \"audio/NASA-first-all-female-space-walk.mp3\"\n\n # The name of the file that Deepgram will upload to the bucket with your transcription results\n dest_file = \"transcripts/NASA-first-all-female-space-walk.json\"\n\n # Time in seconds that the generated URLs will be valid\n expiration_time = 10 * 60 # 10 minutes\n\n get_url, put_url = get_presigned_urls(\n audio_file_key=audio_file,\n destination_transcript_key=dest_file,\n expiration_time=expiration_time,\n )\n r = transcribe_audio(\n get_url=get_url,\n put_url=put_url,\n )\n\n return {\n 'statusCode': 200,\n 'body': json.dumps(r)\n }\n`,language:\"python\",highlightLines:[],highlightStyle:\"highlight\",maxLines:20,title:\"Python\",wordWrap:!1,matchLanguage:void 0}]}),`\n`,(0,n.jsx)(e.h3,{id:\"responding-to-transcript-completion-using-s3-event-notifications\",children:\"Responding to Transcript Completion using S3 Event Notifications\"}),`\n`,(0,n.jsx)(e.p,{children:\"Once a transcript is uploaded to S3, it\\u2019s important for your application to know the transcription is complete. AWS has a feature called \\u201CS3 Event Notifications\\u201D that can trigger events in other AWS services when a file is uploaded to a certain bucket/location.\"}),`\n`,(0,n.jsxs)(e.p,{children:[\"To enable event notifications for your S3 bucket, go to the \",(0,n.jsx)(e.code,{children:\"Properties\"}),\" tab and scroll down to the \\u201CEvent Notifications\\u201D section. You can set up event notifications to be triggered when an object is \",(0,n.jsx)(e.code,{children:\"put\"}),\" into a specific directory in your S3 bucket, defined by a \",(0,n.jsx)(e.code,{children:\"prefix\"}),\".\"]}),`\n`,(0,n.jsxs)(e.p,{children:[\"Event notifications can trigger a Lambda function, and the event notification will include the full key/filename of the transcript that was uploaded to S3. Your serverless backend can then load the transcript and provide it to your users. If you do not wish to load the transcript into the Lambda\\u2019s memory, you can create \",(0,n.jsx)(e.em,{children:\"another\"}),\" presigned \",(0,n.jsx)(e.code,{children:\"GET\"}),\" URL to allow the client-side application to load the transcript directly in a safe and secure way!\"]}),`\n`,(0,n.jsx)(e.h2,{id:\"troubleshooting\",children:\"Troubleshooting\"}),`\n`,(0,n.jsxs)(e.p,{children:[\"If you are receiving \",(0,n.jsx)(e.code,{children:\"AccessDenied\"}),\" messages such as the one below, it\\u2019s likely the presigned URL has expired. Try setting a longer expiration time when creating the URL. Note that the presigned \",(0,n.jsx)(e.code,{children:\"PUT\"}),\" URL\\u2019s expiration time must take into account the time it takes for the audio to be transcribed.\"]}),`\n`,(0,n.jsx)(i,{items:[{code:`\u003c?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\"?\u003e\n\u003cError\u003e\n \u003cCode\u003eAccessDenied\u003c/Code\u003e\n \u003cMessage\u003eRequest has expired\u003c/Message\u003e\n \u003cX-Amz-Expires\u003e120\u003c/X-Amz-Expires\u003e\n \u003cExpires\u003e2023-06-06T21:28:06Z\u003c/Expires\u003e\n \u003cServerTime\u003e2023-06-07T19:52:03Z\u003c/ServerTime\u003e\n \u003cRequestId\u003eZK1CA2Z9FH9N7E49\u003c/RequestId\u003e\n \u003cHostId\u003eJ48F/Rz5bayiqj6FQ3kRIZ/5zNLfzPDlWdX8v6EsLITgTMb7wbEJIEC2l2QvNrIw86jl/fkGM+U=\u003c/HostId\u003e\n\u003c/Error\u003e\n`,language:\"xml\",highlightLines:[],highlightStyle:\"highlight\",maxLines:20,title:\"XML\",wordWrap:!1,matchLanguage:void 0}]}),`\n`,(0,n.jsx)(e.p,{children:(0,n.jsx)(e.img,{src:\"https://files.buildwithfern.com/https://deepgram.docs.buildwithfern.com/2025-02-20T21:58:25.029Z/images/9f93eca-presigned-url-error-message-1.png\",alt:\"\",height:\"185\",width:\"766\"})}),`\n`,(0,n.jsx)(e.hr,{}),`\n`,(0,n.jsx)(e.p,{children:\"What\\u2019s Next\"}),`\n`,(0,n.jsxs)(e.ul,{children:[`\n`,(0,n.jsx)(e.li,{children:(0,n.jsx)(e.a,{href:\"/reference/deepgram-api-overview\",children:\"Deepgram API Overview\"})}),`\n`]})]})}function p(t={}){let{wrapper:e}={...s(),...t.components};return e?(0,n.jsx)(e,{...t,children:(0,n.jsx)(h,{...t})}):h(t)}function l(t,e){throw new Error(\"Expected \"+(e?\"component\":\"object\")+\" `\"+t+\"` to be defined: you likely forgot to import, pass, or provide it.\")}return S(k);})();\n;return Component;","frontmatter":{"title":"AWS S3 Presigned URLs and Deepgram","subtitle":"Use S3 to send audio data to Deepgram and store transcripts from Deepgram directly in S3.","slug":"docs/using-aws-s3-presigned-urls-with-the-deepgram-api","edit-this-page-url":"https://github.com/deepgram/deepgram-fern-config/blob/main/fern/docs/using-aws-s3-presigned-urls-with-the-deepgram-api.mdx?plain=1"},"scope":{},"jsxRefs":["Info","CodeGroup","Warning"]},"breadcrumb":[{"title":"Integrations","pointsTo":"docs/deepgram-with-amazon-connect"}],"neighbors":{"prev":{"slug":"docs/deepgram-with-amazon-connect","title":"Amazon Connect and Deepgram"},"next":{"slug":"docs/genesys-with-deepgram","title":"Genesys and Deepgram"}},"hasAside":false,"type":"markdown-page","apis":{},"endpointIdsToSlugs":{}},"navigation":{"currentTabIndex":6,"tabs":[{"type":"tabGroup","title":"Home","index":0,"slug":"home","pointsTo":"home/introduction"},{"type":"tabGroup","title":"Voice Agent","index":1,"slug":"voice-agent","pointsTo":"docs/voice-agent"},{"type":"tabGroup","title":"Speech to 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!important;\n}\n\n.fern-sidebar-link-container[data-state=inactive] .fern-sidebar-link:hover {\n\tcolor: #FBFBFF !important;\n}\n\n.t-muted:is(.dark *) {\n\tcolor: #949498 !important;\n}\n\n.dark\\:prose-invert:is(.dark *) {\n\t--tw-prose-headings: #FBFBFF !important;\n\tcolor: #E1E1E5 !important;\n}\n\n.fern-page-heading * {\n\tcolor: #FBFBFF !important;\n}\n\n.badge a {\n\ttext-decoration: none !important;\n\tcolor: unset !important;\n}\n\n.badge svg {\n\tdisplay: none !important;\n}\n\n.dep {\n\tbackground: #bbbbbf !important;\n}\n\n.dep .fa-icon {\n\tbackground: #bbbbbf !important;\n}\n\n.dep span {\n\ttext-decoration: line-through !important;\n}\n\n.pink {\n\tbackground-image: linear-gradient(85deg, #ee028b 5.66%, #ae29ff 99.14%) !important;\n}\n\n.pink .fa-icon {\n\tbackground: linear-gradient(85deg, #ee028b 5.66%, #ae29ff 99.14%) !important;\n}\n\n#fern-header {\n\tpadding-top: 3rem !important;\n}\n\n.fern-sidebar-container {\n\tposition: sticky !important;\n\ttop: 0 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!important;\n}\n\n.fern-sidebar-fixed+.fern-main {\n\tpadding-left: 0px !important;\n}\n\n.api-playground-call a {\n padding-left: 4px !important;\n padding-right: 4px !important;\n color: #79affa !important;\n text-decoration: none !important;\n}\n\n\n*,:before,:after{--tw-border-spacing-x: 0;--tw-border-spacing-y: 0;--tw-translate-x: 0;--tw-translate-y: 0;--tw-rotate: 0;--tw-skew-x: 0;--tw-skew-y: 0;--tw-scale-x: 1;--tw-scale-y: 1;--tw-pan-x: ;--tw-pan-y: ;--tw-pinch-zoom: ;--tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity;--tw-gradient-from-position: ;--tw-gradient-via-position: ;--tw-gradient-to-position: ;--tw-ordinal: ;--tw-slashed-zero: ;--tw-numeric-figure: ;--tw-numeric-spacing: ;--tw-numeric-fraction: ;--tw-ring-inset: ;--tw-ring-offset-width: 0px;--tw-ring-offset-color: #fff;--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / .5);--tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000;--tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000;--tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000;--tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000;--tw-blur: ;--tw-brightness: ;--tw-contrast: 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