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Dit is egter nie verpligtend nie. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Meld aan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Bladsye vir uitgemelde redakteurs <a href="/wiki/Hulp:Inleiding" aria-label="Leer meer oor redigering"><span>leer meer</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Mybydrae" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Bydraes</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Mybespreking" title="Bespreking oor bydraes van hierdie IP-adres [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Bespreking</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Werf"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Inhoud" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Inhoud</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">skuif na kantbalk</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">versteek</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inleiding</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Beskrywing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Beskrywing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Beskrywing</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Beskrywing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geskiedenis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geskiedenis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Geskiedenis</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Geskiedenis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Eksterne_skakels" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eksterne_skakels"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Eksterne skakels</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eksterne_skakels-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Inhoud" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Wissel die inhoudsopgawe" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Wissel die inhoudsopgawe</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Amsterdameiland</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gaan na 'n artikel in 'n ander taal. Beskikbaar in 59 tale" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-59" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">59 tale</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A9_%D8%A3%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%85" title="جزيرة أمستردام – Arabies" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="جزيرة أمستردام" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%87_%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%85" title="جزيره امستردام – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="جزيره امستردام" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islla_%C3%81msterdam" title="Islla Ámsterdam – Asturies" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Islla Ámsterdam" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam_adas%C4%B1" title="Amsterdam adası – Azerbeidjans" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Amsterdam adası" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbeidjans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC_(%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%9E,_%D0%86%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F%D0%BD)" title="Амстэрдам (востраў, Індыйскі акіян) – Belarussies" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Амстэрдам (востраў, Індыйскі акіян)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarussies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC_(%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2)" title="Амстердам (остров) – Bulgaars" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Амстердам (остров)" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enez_Amsterdam" title="Enez Amsterdam – Bretons" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Enez Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Bretons" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illa_Amsterdam" title="Illa Amsterdam – Katalaans" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Illa Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Ele_Amsterdam" title="Île Amsterdam – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Île Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nov%C3%BD_Amsterdam_(ostrov)" title="Nový Amsterdam (ostrov) – Tsjeggies" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Nový Amsterdam (ostrov)" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tsjeggies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC_(%D1%83%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2,_%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8_%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD%C4%95)" title="Амстердам (утрав, Инди океанĕ) – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Амстердам (утрав, Инди океанĕ)" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam-Insel" title="Amsterdam-Insel – Duits" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Amsterdam-Insel" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9D%CE%AE%CF%83%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%86%CE%BC%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%BC" title="Νήσος Άμστερνταμ – Grieks" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Νήσος Άμστερνταμ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Grieks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Ele_Amsterdam" title="Île Amsterdam – Engels" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Île Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam-Insulo" title="Amsterdam-Insulo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Amsterdam-Insulo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isla_de_%C3%81msterdam" title="Isla de Ámsterdam – Spaans" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Isla de Ámsterdam" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nouvelle-Amsterdam" title="Nouvelle-Amsterdam – Estnies" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Nouvelle-Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estnies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam_uhartea" title="Amsterdam uhartea – Baskies" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Amsterdam uhartea" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%B2%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%87_%D8%A2%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%85" title="جزیره آمستردام – Persies" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="جزیره آمستردام" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdamsaari" title="Amsterdamsaari – Fins" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Amsterdamsaari" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Fins" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Ele_Amsterdam" title="Île Amsterdam – Frans" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Île Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Frans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam_(eil%C3%A2n)" title="Amsterdam (eilân) – Fries" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Amsterdam (eilân)" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Fries" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illa_Amsterdam" title="Illa Amsterdam – Galisies" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Illa Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galisies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%9E%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%A8%D7%93%D7%9D_(%D7%90%D7%99_%D7%91%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%99%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%A1_%D7%94%D7%94%D7%95%D7%93%D7%99)" title="אמסטרדם (אי באוקיינוס ההודי) – Hebreeus" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אמסטרדם (אי באוקיינוס ההודי)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebreeus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam_(Indijski_ocean)" title="Amsterdam (Indijski ocean) – Kroaties" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Amsterdam (Indijski ocean)" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroaties" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amszterdam-sziget" title="Amszterdam-sziget – Hongaars" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Amszterdam-sziget" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hongaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%B4%D5%BD%D5%BF%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%A4%D5%A1%D5%B4_(%D5%AF%D5%B2%D5%A6%D5%AB)" title="Ամստերդամ (կղզի) – Armeens" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ամստերդամ (կղզի)" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kepulauan_Amsterdam" title="Kepulauan Amsterdam – Indonesies" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kepulauan Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isola_Amsterdam" title="Isola Amsterdam – Italiaans" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Isola Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%A0%E3%82%B9%E3%83%86%E3%83%AB%E3%83%80%E3%83%A0%E5%B3%B6" title="アムステルダム島 – Japannees" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アムステルダム島" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japannees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%93%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98_(%E1%83%99%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9C%E1%83%AB%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98)" title="ამსტერდამი (კუნძული) – Georgies" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ამსტერდამი (კუნძული)" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC_%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B" title="Амстердам аралы – Kazaks" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Амстердам аралы" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazaks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%94%EC%8A%A4%ED%85%8C%EB%A5%B4%EB%8B%B4%EC%84%AC" title="암스테르담섬 – Koreaans" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="암스테르담섬" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Koreaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isoa_d%27Amsterdam" title="Isoa d'Amsterdam – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Isoa d'Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdamo_sala" title="Amsterdamo sala – Litaus" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Amsterdamo sala" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litaus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdama_(sala)" title="Amsterdama (sala) – Letties" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Amsterdama (sala)" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Letties" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Ele_Amsterdam" title="Île Amsterdam – Maleis" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Île Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Maleis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Ele_Amsterdam" title="Île Amsterdam – Nedersaksies" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Île Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Nedersaksies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam_(Indische_Oceaan)" title="Amsterdam (Indische Oceaan) – Nederlands" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Amsterdam (Indische Oceaan)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Nederlands" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Ele_Amsterdam" title="Île Amsterdam – Nuwe Noors" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Île Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Nuwe Noors" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Ele_Amsterdam" title="Île Amsterdam – Boeknoors" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Île Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Boeknoors" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illa_Amsterdam" title="Illa Amsterdam – Oksitaans" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Illa Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Oksitaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam_(wyspa)" title="Amsterdam (wyspa) – Pools" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Amsterdam (wyspa)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Pools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amesterd%C3%A3o_(ilha)" title="Amesterdão (ilha) – Portugees" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Amesterdão (ilha)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insula_Amsterdam" title="Insula Amsterdam – Roemeens" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Insula Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Roemeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC_(%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2,_%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD)" title="Амстердам (остров, Индийский океан) – Russies" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Амстердам (остров, Индийский океан)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Ele_Amsterdam" title="Île Amsterdam – Skots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Île Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Skots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nov%C3%BD_Amsterdam_(ostrov)" title="Nový Amsterdam (ostrov) – Slowaaks" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Nový Amsterdam (ostrov)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slowaaks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam_(otok)" title="Amsterdam (otok) – Sloweens" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Amsterdam (otok)" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloweens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%90%D0%BC%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Острво Амстердам – Serwies" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Острво Амстердам" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serwies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam%C3%B6n,_Indiska_oceanen" title="Amsterdamön, Indiska oceanen – Sweeds" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Amsterdamön, Indiska oceanen" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Sweeds" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam_Adas%C4%B1" title="Amsterdam Adası – Turks" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Amsterdam Adası" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC_(%D1%83%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%83)" title="Амстердам (утрау) – Tataars" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Амстердам (утрау)" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tataars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC_(%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D1%96%D0%B2)" title="Амстердам (острів) – Oekraïens" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Амстердам (острів)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Oekraïens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%B2%DB%8C%D8%B1%DB%81_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%B3%D9%B9%D8%B1%DA%88%DB%8C%D9%85" title="جزیرہ ایمسٹرڈیم – Oerdoe" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="جزیرہ ایمسٹرڈیم" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Oerdoe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%A3o_Amsterdam" title="Đảo Amsterdam – Viëtnamees" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Đảo Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Viëtnamees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapuropod-an_Amsterdam" title="Kapuropod-an Amsterdam – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Kapuropod-an Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%A7%86%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%E4%B8%B9%E5%B2%9B" title="阿姆斯特丹岛 – Wu-Sjinees" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="阿姆斯特丹岛" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu-Sjinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%A7%86%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%E4%B8%B9%E5%B2%9B" title="阿姆斯特丹岛 – Chinees" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="阿姆斯特丹岛" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q194215#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Wysig skakels tussen tale" class="wbc-editpage">Wysig skakels</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Naamruimtes"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Amsterdameiland" title="Bekyk die inhoudbladsy [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Bladsy</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Bespreking:Amsterdameiland" rel="discussion" title="Bespreking oor die inhoudbladsy [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Bespreking</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Verander taalvariant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Afrikaans</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Weergawes"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Amsterdameiland"><span>Lees</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amsterdameiland&veaction=edit" title="Redigeer hierdie bladsy [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Wysig</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amsterdameiland&action=edit" title="Wysig die bladsy se bonkode [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Wysig bron</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amsterdameiland&action=history" title="Ouer weergawes van hierdie bladsy [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Wys geskiedenis</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Gereedskap" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Gereedskap</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Gereedskap</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">skuif na kantbalk</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">versteek</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Amsterdameiland"><span>Lees</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amsterdameiland&veaction=edit" title="Redigeer hierdie bladsy [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Wysig</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amsterdameiland&action=edit" title="Wysig die bladsy se bonkode [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Wysig bron</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amsterdameiland&action=history"><span>Wys geskiedenis</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Algemeen </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Skakels_hierheen/Amsterdameiland" title="'n Lys bladsye wat hierheen skakel [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Skakels hierheen</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:OnlangseVeranderingsMetSkakels/Amsterdameiland" rel="nofollow" title="Onlangse wysigings aan bladsye wat vanaf hierdie bladsy geskakel is [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Verwante veranderings</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Spesiale_bladsye" title="'n Lys van al die spesiale bladsye [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Spesiale bladsye</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amsterdameiland&oldid=2547814" title="'n Permanente skakel na hierdie weergawe van die bladsy"><span>Permanente skakel</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amsterdameiland&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Bladinligting</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:CiteThisPage&page=Amsterdameiland&id=2547814&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Inligting oor hoe u hierdie bladsy kan verwys"><span>Haal dié blad aan</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Faf.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FAmsterdameiland"><span>Kry verkorte URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Faf.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FAmsterdameiland"><span>Laai QR-kode af</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Druk/uitvoer </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:Boek&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Amsterdameiland"><span>Skep boek</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:DownloadAsPdf&page=Amsterdameiland&action=show-download-screen"><span>Laai af as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amsterdameiland&printable=yes" title="Drukbare weergawe van hierdie bladsy [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Drukbare weergawe</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Ander projekte </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:%C3%8Ele_Amsterdam" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q194215" title="Skakel na gekonnekteerde databank item [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata-item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Voorkoms"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Voorkoms</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">skuif na kantbalk</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">versteek</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">in Wikipedia, die vrye ensiklopedie</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="af" dir="ltr"><dl><dd><i> 'n Ander Amsterdameiland is 'n Arktiese eiland in die <a href="/wiki/Svalbard" title="Svalbard">Svalbard</a>-argipel, naby die noordwestelike hoek van <a href="/wiki/Spitsbergen" title="Spitsbergen">Spitsbergen</a></i>.</dd></dl> <table border="1" align="right" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" width="300" style="margin: 0 0 1em 1em; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px #aaaaaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;"> <caption><big><b>Amsterdameiland</b><br /><b>Île Amsterdam</b></big> (<a href="/wiki/Frans" title="Frans">Frans</a>) </caption> <tbody><tr> <td style="background:#efefef;" align="center" colspan="2"> <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" style="padding-top: 0.5em;"> <tbody><tr> <td align="center" width="170px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_the_French_Southern_and_Antarctic_Lands.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Flag_of_the_French_Southern_and_Antarctic_Lands.svg/140px-Flag_of_the_French_Southern_and_Antarctic_Lands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="140" height="93" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Flag_of_the_French_Southern_and_Antarctic_Lands.svg/210px-Flag_of_the_French_Southern_and_Antarctic_Lands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Flag_of_the_French_Southern_and_Antarctic_Lands.svg/280px-Flag_of_the_French_Southern_and_Antarctic_Lands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="425" data-file-height="283" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center" width="170px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Armoiries_des_Terres_australes_et_antarctiques_fran%C3%A7aises.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Armoiries_des_Terres_australes_et_antarctiques_fran%C3%A7aises.svg/70px-Armoiries_des_Terres_australes_et_antarctiques_fran%C3%A7aises.svg.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="82" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Armoiries_des_Terres_australes_et_antarctiques_fran%C3%A7aises.svg/105px-Armoiries_des_Terres_australes_et_antarctiques_fran%C3%A7aises.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Armoiries_des_Terres_australes_et_antarctiques_fran%C3%A7aises.svg/140px-Armoiries_des_Terres_australes_et_antarctiques_fran%C3%A7aises.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1083" data-file-height="1261" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" width="170px"><small>(<a href="/w/index.php?title=Vlag_van_die_Franse_Suidelike_en_Antarktiese_Gebiede&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vlag van die Franse Suidelike en Antarktiese Gebiede (bladsy bestaan nie)">Vlag van die Franse Suidelike en Antarktiese Gebiede</a>)</small> </td> <td align="center" width="170px"><small>(<a href="/w/index.php?title=Wapen_van_die_Franse_Suidelike_en_Antarktiese_Gebiede&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wapen van die Franse Suidelike en Antarktiese Gebiede (bladsy bestaan nie)">Wapen van die Franse Suidelike en Antarktiese Gebiede</a>)</small> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" colspan="2"><small><i>Nasionale leuse: Liberté, égalité, fraternité</i></small> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" colspan="2" style="background: #ffffff;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Orthographic_projection_centred_over_Ile_Amsterdam.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Ligging van die Amsterdameiland in die suidelike Indiese Oseaan"><img alt="Ligging van die Amsterdameiland in die suidelike Indiese Oseaan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Orthographic_projection_centred_over_Ile_Amsterdam.png/180px-Orthographic_projection_centred_over_Ile_Amsterdam.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Orthographic_projection_centred_over_Ile_Amsterdam.png/270px-Orthographic_projection_centred_over_Ile_Amsterdam.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Orthographic_projection_centred_over_Ile_Amsterdam.png/360px-Orthographic_projection_centred_over_Ile_Amsterdam.png 2x" data-file-width="488" data-file-height="487" /></a></span><br /><small>Ligging van die Amsterdameiland in die suidelike Indiese Oseaan</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" colspan="2" style="background: #ffffff;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:AmsterdamIsl_Map.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Kaart van die Amsterdameiland"><img alt="Kaart van die Amsterdameiland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/AmsterdamIsl_Map.png/180px-AmsterdamIsl_Map.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="201" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/AmsterdamIsl_Map.png/270px-AmsterdamIsl_Map.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/AmsterdamIsl_Map.png/360px-AmsterdamIsl_Map.png 2x" data-file-width="1887" data-file-height="2112" /></a></span><br /><small>Kaart van die Amsterdameiland</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Amptelike_taal" title="Amptelike taal">Amptelike tale</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Frans" title="Frans">Frans</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Hoofstad" title="Hoofstad">Hoofstad</a></b> </td> <td><i>Geen</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Grootste stad</b> </td> <td><i>Geen</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Oppervlakte" title="Oppervlakte">Oppervlakte</a></b><br /> - Totaal</td> <td>58 vk km </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Bevolking" title="Bevolking">Bevolking</a></b><br /> - Totaal<br /> - <a href="/wiki/Bevolkingsdigtheid" title="Bevolkingsdigtheid">Bevolkingsdigtheid</a></td> <td>60 (2009)<br />1,03/vk km </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Geldeenheid" title="Geldeenheid">Geldeenheid</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Euro" title="Euro">Euro</a> (€) (EUR) </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Tydsone" title="Tydsone">Tydsone</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Geko%C3%B6rdineerde_Universele_Tyd" title="Gekoördineerde Universele Tyd">UTC</a>: UTC +10 </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Volkslied" title="Volkslied">Volkslied</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/La_Marseillaise" class="mw-redirect" title="La Marseillaise">La Marseillaise</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Amsterdameiland</b> (<a href="/wiki/Frans" title="Frans">Frans</a>: <i>Île Amsterdam</i> [[IFA|<span title="Hierdie uitspraak is in die Internasionale Fonetiese Alfabet geskryf." class="IPA" style="white-space: nowrap; font-family:'Doulos SIL', 'Code2000', 'Chrysanthi Unicode', 'Gentium', 'GentiumAlt', 'TITUS Cyberbit Basic', 'Bitstream Vera', 'Arial Unicode MS', 'Bitstream Cyberbit', 'Lucida Sans Unicode', 'Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro'; font-family :inherit; text-decoration: none!important"><a href="/wiki/Internasionale_Fonetiese_Alfabet" title="Internasionale Fonetiese Alfabet">/ˈi.lɑ̃.stəˈdɑ̃/</a></span>]] vroeër <i>Nieuw-Amsterdam</i>) is 'n afgeleë <a href="/wiki/Frankryk" title="Frankryk">Franse</a> sub-Antarktiese <a href="/wiki/Eiland" title="Eiland">eiland</a> geleë by <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r2670708">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion load-gadget" data-gadget="WikiMiniAtlas"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Amsterdameiland&language=af&params=37_52_S_77_32_O_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Kaarte, lugfoto's, en ander data vir hierdie plek"><span class="latitude">37°52′S</span> <span class="longitude">77°32′O</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Kaarte, lugfoto's, en ander data vir hierdie plek">37.867°S 77.533°O</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-37.867; 77.533</span></span></span></a></span></span>, omtrent halfpad tussen <a href="/wiki/Australi%C3%AB" title="Australië">Australië</a> en <a href="/wiki/Suid-Afrika" title="Suid-Afrika">Suid-Afrika</a>. Hoewel die eiland vroeër taamlik gereeld deur skepe onderweg tussen Suid-Afrika en Australië besoek is, het die heropening van die <a href="/wiki/Suezkanaal" title="Suezkanaal">Suezkanaal</a> en die byna algehele verdringing van passasierseevaart deur lugvaart verder bygedra tot die isolasie van die eiland. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Beskrywing">Beskrywing</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amsterdameiland&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Wysig afdeling: Beskrywing" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amsterdameiland&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Beskrywing"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Die eiland is <a href="/wiki/Vulkaan" title="Vulkaan">vulkanies</a>, maar is tans onaktief. Dit het 'n oppervlak van 55 km<sup>2</sup>, is 21 km lank en bereik 'n hoogte van 867 m (2844 voet) by Mont de la Dives. Die eiland is een van die min sub-Antarktiese eilande wat enigsins boombedekking het. Die eiland is deel van die <a href="/wiki/Franse_Suidelike_en_Antarktiese_Gebiede" title="Franse Suidelike en Antarktiese Gebiede">Franse Suidelike en Antarktiese Gebiede</a> en saam met die naburige <a href="/wiki/Sint-Pauleiland" title="Sint-Pauleiland">Sint-Pauleiland</a> (85 km Suid) vorm dit een van die distrikte van die gebied. Die eilandbasis <a href="/wiki/Martin-de-Vivi%C3%A8s" title="Martin-de-Viviès">Martin-de-Viviès</a>, voorheen La Roche Gódon genoem, is die hoofstad van die gebied. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geskiedenis">Geskiedenis</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amsterdameiland&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Wysig afdeling: Geskiedenis" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amsterdameiland&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Geskiedenis"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Amsterdameiland is op <a href="/wiki/18_Maart" title="18 Maart">18 Maart</a> <a href="/wiki/1522" title="1522">1522</a> deur die <a href="/wiki/Spanje" title="Spanje">Spaanse</a> ontdekkingsreisiger <a href="/wiki/Juan_Sebasti%C3%A1n_Elcano" title="Juan Sebastián Elcano">Juan Sebastián Elcano</a> ontdek. Elcano het die eiland egter nie 'n naam gegee nie. Dit was eers toe die <a href="/wiki/Nederland" title="Nederland">Nederlandse</a> kaptein Anthonie van Diemen in <a href="/wiki/1633" title="1633">1633</a> onderweg na <a href="/wiki/Java" class="mw-disambig" title="Java">Java</a> op die onbenaamde eiland afkom, dat hy dit na sy skip, <i>Nieuw Amsterdam</i>, vernoem het. Op daardie stadium in die eiland se geskiedenis was dit dig bebos. </p><p>Gedurende die <a href="/wiki/18de_eeu" title="18de eeu">18de</a> en <a href="/wiki/19de_eeu" title="19de eeu">19de eeue</a> is die eiland van tyd tot tyd deur skipbreukelinge en vissermanne van <a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9union" title="Réunion">Réunioneiland</a> besoek. <a href="/wiki/Verenigde_State_van_Amerika" title="Verenigde State van Amerika">Amerikaanse</a> en <a href="/wiki/Engeland" title="Engeland">Engelse</a> walvisjagters het soms van hulle bemanning op die eilande gelaat om seeleeus te jag wat op daardie tydstip baie volop was en waarvan die pelse baie gesog in <a href="/wiki/China" class="mw-disambig" title="China">China</a> was. Teen die einde van die 19de eeu het die jag van 'n geraamde 50 000 seeleeus die spesie tot op die randjie van uitsterwing gebring. </p><p>In die 19de eeu is verskeie pogings aangewend om nedersettings op die Amsterdam- en Sint-Pauleiland te stig. Martin Dupeyrat, kaptein van die <i>L'Olympe</i>, het op <a href="/wiki/1_Julie" title="1 Julie">1 Julie</a> <a href="/wiki/1843" title="1843">1843</a> namens die goewerneur van Réunion op Amsterdameiland aan wal gestap en twee dae later op Sint-Paul, om 'n Franse visserspos op laasgenoemde eiland te vestig. Alle vissery is egter in 1853 laat staan toe die Franse regering aansprake op die twee eilande laat vaar het. Op <a href="/wiki/18_Desember" title="18 Desember">18 Desember</a> <a href="/wiki/1870" title="1870">1870</a> land 'n kleinboer genaamd Heurtin, van Réunion, met sy gesin en 'n paar vriende op die <i>La Sarcelle</i> by Amsterdameiland om 'n <a href="/wiki/Skaap" title="Skaap">skaap</a>- en <a href="/wiki/Bees" title="Bees">beesboerdery</a> te begin. Hulle is egter nie suksesvol nie en verlaat die eiland op <a href="/wiki/19_Augustus" title="19 Augustus">19 Augustus</a> <a href="/wiki/1871" title="1871">1871</a>. Die beeste het agtergebly en hul nasate het weer wild geword en tel nou meer as 2 000. Aansienlike ekologiese skade is deur oorbeweiding en vertrapping van die inheemse <a href="/wiki/Plant" title="Plant">plantegroei</a> veroorsaak wat saam met brande, wat die groot stukke <a href="/wiki/Veen" title="Veen">veengrond</a> waarop die <a href="/wiki/Inheemse_plant" title="Inheemse plant">inheemse</a> <i>Phylica</i>-bome staatmaak vernietig het, en byna tot die uitwissing daarvan gelei het. </p><p>Eers in <a href="/wiki/1892" title="1892">1892</a> neem die bemanning van die sloep <i>Bourdonnais</i>, gevolg deur die <i>L'Eure</i> in <a href="/wiki/1893" title="1893">1893</a>, namens die Franse regering besit van die twee eilande. </p><p>Op 31 Desember 1949 bring Kaptein Verdadaine se kreefboot, Sapmer, 'n span van 23 Franse wetenskaplikes onder leiding van die meteoroloog Paul Martin de Viviès na Amsterdameiland. Hierdie agtmaandelange ekspedisie rig die eerste permanente wetenskaplike basis in die Franse Suidelike en Antarktiese Gebiede op. Die eerste basis is op dieselfde plek as die huidige basis, <a href="/wiki/Martin-de-Vivi%C3%A8s" title="Martin-de-Viviès">Martin-de-Viviès</a>, opgerig, oorspronklik met die naam <i>Camp Heurtin</i>. Vanaf 1949 word nuwe ekspedisies jaarliks na die eiland gestuur – deels om wetenskaplike studies uit te voer en deels om Franse besit van die eilande in stand te hou. Amsterdameiland is ideaal geleë om die globale impak van <a href="/wiki/Lugbesoedeling" title="Lugbesoedeling">lugbesoedeling</a> en die <a href="/wiki/Kweekhuiseffek" title="Kweekhuiseffek">kweekhuiseffek</a> te meet. Die wetenskaplikes monitor ook globale elektromagnetiese energie, doen seismiese opnames, dra by tot <a href="/wiki/Weervoorspelling" title="Weervoorspelling">weervoorspelling</a> en ondersoek die effek van ekologie op diere se voortplanting en <a href="/wiki/Vo%C3%ABl" title="Voël">voëlmigrasie</a>. Die werking en instandhouding van die basis word deur staatsamptenare, die weermag, dienspligtiges en vrywilligers uitgevoer. Die personeel wat 'n jaar op die eiland spandeer staan as <i>les hivernants</i> ("die oorwinteraars") bekend. Dié "oorwinteraars" ondergaan vooraf 'n reeks sielkundige toetse om te verseker dat hulle die lang isolasie, gure weer en strak landskap in 'n klein gemeenskap sal oorleef. Goeie gesondheid is ook 'n vereiste aangesien die strawwe omstandighede onderliggende gesondheidsprobleme kan vererger en die plaaslike dokter moontlik nie ernstiger gevalle kan behandel nie. </p><p>Amsterdameiland word op 'n tweemaandelikse basis saam met die ander subantarktiese eilande in die Franse Suidelike en Antarktiese Gebiede, <a href="/wiki/Kergueleneilande" title="Kergueleneilande">Kerguelen</a> en <a href="/wiki/Crozeteilande" title="Crozeteilande">Crozet</a>, deur die Marion Dufresne seevaartuig bedien. </p><p>Die <i>Global Atmosphere Watch</i> het steeds 'n atmosferiese navorsingstasie op Amsterdameiland. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Eksterne_skakels">Eksterne skakels</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amsterdameiland&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Wysig afdeling: Eksterne skakels" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amsterdameiland&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Eksterne skakels"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table role="presentation" class="mbox-small plainlinks sistersitebox" style="background-color:var(--background-color-base, #fff);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base, #a2a9b1);color:inherit"> <tbody><tr> <td class="mbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></td> <td class="mbox-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons bevat media in verband met <i><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:%C3%8Ele_Amsterdam" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Île Amsterdam">Amsterdameiland</a></b></i>.</td></tr></tbody></table> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.farvoyager.com/siov/amst1.html">Ile Amsterdam visit</a> – Foto's van 'n toeris se onlangse besoek</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/fs.html">French Southern and Antarctic Lands</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060413134624/http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/fs.html">Geargiveer</a> 13 April 2006 op <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> in die CIA World Factbook</li></ul> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Distrikte_van_die_Franse_Suidelike_en_Antarktiese_Gebiede" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible 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