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href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Implicit_and_Explicit_attitudes"><div class="js-react-on-rails-component" style="display:none" data-component-name="Pill" data-props="{"color":"gray","children":["Implicit and Explicit attitudes"]}" data-trace="false" data-dom-id="Pill-react-component-11b0f4a7-42ab-4656-80a5-f9ad0fab4934"></div> <div id="Pill-react-component-11b0f4a7-42ab-4656-80a5-f9ad0fab4934"></div> </a></div></div></div></div><div class="right-panel-container"><div class="user-content-wrapper"><div class="uploads-container" id="social-redesign-work-container"><div class="upload-header"><h2 class="ds2-5-heading-sans-serif-xs">Uploads</h2></div><div class="documents-container backbone-social-profile-documents" style="width: 100%;"><div class="u-taCenter"></div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane active" id="all"><div class="profile--tab_heading_container js-section-heading" data-section="Papers" id="Papers"><h3 class="profile--tab_heading_container">Papers by Teri Kirby</h3></div><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="34336373"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/34336373/Mental_Ownership_Does_Mental_Rehearsal_Transform_Novel_Stimuli_Into_Mental_Possessions"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Mental Ownership: Does Mental Rehearsal Transform Novel Stimuli Into Mental Possessions" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54231313/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/34336373/Mental_Ownership_Does_Mental_Rehearsal_Transform_Novel_Stimuli_Into_Mental_Possessions">Mental Ownership: Does Mental Rehearsal Transform Novel Stimuli Into Mental Possessions</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Abstract Mentally rehearsing unfamiliar first names for the purpose of categorizing them into a ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Abstract Mentally rehearsing unfamiliar first names for the purpose of categorizing them into <br />a group produces both preference for and, more surprisingly, identification with the group of <br />names (ie, association of the names with self; Greenwald, Pickrell, & Farnham, 2002). The <br />present research started as an effort to determine how these 'implicit partisanship'effects of <br />stimulus exposures differed from the well-known mere exposure effect and whether mental <br />rehearsal might play a role in both phenomena. Four experiments found that parallel ...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="534dd154ce6e45f66444329db8b8e6e0" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":54231313,"asset_id":34336373,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54231313/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="34336373"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="34336373"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34336373; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34336373]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34336373]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34336373; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='34336373']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="34336361"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/34336361/Unexpected_Gains_Being_Overweight_Buffers_Asian_Americans_From_Prejudice_Against_Foreigners"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Unexpected Gains: Being Overweight Buffers Asian Americans From Prejudice Against Foreigners" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54231296/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/34336361/Unexpected_Gains_Being_Overweight_Buffers_Asian_Americans_From_Prejudice_Against_Foreigners">Unexpected Gains: Being Overweight Buffers Asian Americans From Prejudice Against Foreigners</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://exeter.academia.edu/TeriKirby">Teri Kirby</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/EMatskewich">E. Matskewich</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Can being overweight, a factor that commonly leads to stigmatization, ironically buffer some peop...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Can being overweight, a factor that commonly leads to stigmatization, ironically buffer some people from race-based assumptions about who is American? In 10 studies, participants were shown portraits that were edited to make the photographed person appear either overweight (body mass index, or BMI > 25) or normal weight (BMI < 25). A meta-analysis of these studies revealed that overweight Asian individuals were perceived as significantly more American than normal-weight versions of the same people, whereas this was not true for White, Black, or Latino individuals. A second meta-analysis showed that overweight Asian men were perceived as less likely to be in the United States without documentation than their normal-weight counterparts. A final study demonstrated that weight stereotypes about presumed countries of origin shape who is considered American. Taken together, these studies demonstrate that perceptions of nationality are malleable and that perceived race and body shape interact to inform these judgments.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="165d36f850824d654f3e5b1f897e2ad3" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":54231296,"asset_id":34336361,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54231296/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="34336361"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="34336361"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34336361; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="9785840"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/9785840/Da_Fantasia_%C3%A0_Ac%C3%A7%C3%A3o_o_Contraste_Mental_com_Inten%C3%A7%C3%B5es_de_Implementa%C3%A7%C3%A3o_MCII_melhora_o_desempenho_acad%C3%A9mico_em_crian%C3%A7as"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Da Fantasia à Acção: o Contraste Mental com Intenções de Implementação (MCII) melhora o desempenho académico em crianças" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/35961659/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/9785840/Da_Fantasia_%C3%A0_Ac%C3%A7%C3%A3o_o_Contraste_Mental_com_Inten%C3%A7%C3%B5es_de_Implementa%C3%A7%C3%A3o_MCII_melhora_o_desempenho_acad%C3%A9mico_em_crian%C3%A7as">Da Fantasia à Acção: o Contraste Mental com Intenções de Implementação (MCII) melhora o desempenho académico em crianças</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://lisboa.academia.edu/PedroCallado">Pedro Callado</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://exeter.academia.edu/TeriKirby">Teri Kirby</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Esta intervenção testou se uma estratégia metacognitiva autorregulatória de persecução de metas p...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Esta intervenção testou se uma estratégia metacognitiva autorregulatória de persecução de metas pode ajudar crianças economicamente desfavorecidas a converterem imagens e pensamentos positivos sobre o seu futuro em acção efectiva. O Contraste Mental com Intenções de Implementação (MCII) implica contrastar mentalmente um futuro desejado com obstáculos relevantes da realidade e formar intenções de implementação (planos Se... Então...) que especificam onde e quando ultrapassar esses obstáculos. Setenta e sete alunos do 5º ano de uma escola urbana do 2º ciclo foram distribuídos aleatoriamente para aprenderem estratégias de MCII ou de Pensamento Positivo como grupo de controlo. Quando comparadas com as crianças na condição de controlo, as crianças às quais foi ensinado o MCII para aplicar aos seus desejos e preocupações académicas melhoraram significativamente as notas nos seus boletins escolares (ɳ2 = .07), assiduidade (ɳ2 = .05), e conduta (ɳ2 = .07). Estas descobertas sugerem que o MCII promete ser uma ajuda considerável às crianças economicamente desfavorecidas para melhorarem os seus desempenhos académicos</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="249158541f077ef9ea5e6c76389a2e33" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":35961659,"asset_id":9785840,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/35961659/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="9785840"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="9785840"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 9785840; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="21078876"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/21078876/Attitudes_toward_beef_and_vegetarians_in_Argentina_Brazil_France_and_the_USA"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Attitudes toward beef and vegetarians in Argentina, Brazil, France, and the USA" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/21078876/Attitudes_toward_beef_and_vegetarians_in_Argentina_Brazil_France_and_the_USA">Attitudes toward beef and vegetarians in Argentina, Brazil, France, and the USA</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://exeter.academia.edu/TeriKirby">Teri Kirby</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://usp-br.academia.edu/MarleAlvarenga">Marle Alvarenga</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://uba.academia.edu/GuillerminaRutsztein">Guillermina Rutsztein</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Appetite</span><span>, Jan 19, 2015</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Meat is both the most favored and most tabooed food in the world. In the developed world, there i...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Meat is both the most favored and most tabooed food in the world. In the developed world, there is a tension between its high nutritional density, preferred taste, and high status on the one hand, and concerns about weight, degenerative diseases, the ethics of killing animals, and the environmental cost of meat production on the other hand. The present study investigated attitudes toward beef, and toward vegetarians, among college students in Argentina, Brazil, France, and the USA. Across countries, men were more pro-beef, in free associations, liking, craving, and frequency of consumption. By country, Brazil and Argentina were generally the most positive, followed by France and then the United States. Ambivalence to beef was higher in women, and highest in Brazil. Only Brazilian and American women reported frequent negative associations to beef (e.g. &quot;disgusting&quot;, &quot;fatty&quot;). Overall, most students had positive attitudes to beef, and the attitude to vegetarians wa...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="21078876"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="21078876"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 21078876; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=21078876]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=21078876]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 21078876; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='21078876']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=21078876]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":21078876,"title":"Attitudes toward beef and vegetarians in Argentina, Brazil, France, and the USA","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/21078876/Attitudes_toward_beef_and_vegetarians_in_Argentina_Brazil_France_and_the_USA","owner_id":34359084,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":34359084,"first_name":"Teri","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Kirby","page_name":"TeriKirby","domain_name":"exeter","created_at":"2015-08-30T00:48:57.204-07:00","display_name":"Teri Kirby","url":"https://exeter.academia.edu/TeriKirby"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="15276711"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/15276711/Insidious_Procedures_Diversity_Awards_Legitimize_Unfair_Organizational_Practices"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Insidious Procedures: Diversity Awards Legitimize Unfair Organizational Practices" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/39276211/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/15276711/Insidious_Procedures_Diversity_Awards_Legitimize_Unfair_Organizational_Practices">Insidious Procedures: Diversity Awards Legitimize Unfair Organizational Practices</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Social Justice Research</span><span>, 2015</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Does the presence (versus absence) of an organizational diversity award increase the perceived fa...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Does the presence (versus absence) of an organizational diversity award increase the perceived fairness of biased personnel procedures? 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="15256159"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/15256159/Its_fair_for_us_Diversity_structures_cause_women_to_legitimize_discrimination"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of It's fair for us: Diversity structures cause women to legitimize discrimination" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/43394098/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/15256159/Its_fair_for_us_Diversity_structures_cause_women_to_legitimize_discrimination">It's fair for us: Diversity structures cause women to legitimize discrimination</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/KaiserCheryl">Cheryl Kaiser</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/LauraBrady1">Laura Brady</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://exeter.academia.edu/TeriKirby">Teri Kirby</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of Experimental Social Psychology</span><span>, 2015</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="ade96066e3d53e471b08b563528d81fe" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":43394098,"asset_id":15256159,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/43394098/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="15256159"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="15256159"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 15256159; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="15276709"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/15276709/Deliberate_Practice_Spells_Success_Why_Grittier_Competitors_Triumph_at_the_National_Spelling_Bee"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Deliberate Practice Spells Success: Why Grittier Competitors Triumph at the National Spelling Bee" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/39276416/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/15276709/Deliberate_Practice_Spells_Success_Why_Grittier_Competitors_Triumph_at_the_National_Spelling_Bee">Deliberate Practice Spells Success: Why Grittier Competitors Triumph at the National Spelling Bee</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Social Psychological and Personality Science</span><span>, 2011</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The expert performance framework distinguishes between deliberate practice and less effective pra...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The expert performance framework distinguishes between deliberate practice and less effective practice activities. The current longitudinal study is the first to use this framework to understand how children improve in an academic skill. Specifically, the authors examined the effectiveness and subjective experience of three preparation activities widely recommended to improve spelling skill. Deliberate practice, operationally defined as studying and memorizing words while alone, better predicted performance in the National Spelling Bee than being quizzed by others or reading for pleasure. Rated as the most effortful and least enjoyable type of preparation activity, deliberate practice was increasingly favored over being quizzed as spellers accumulated competition experience. Deliberate practice mediated the prediction of final performance by the personality trait of grit, suggesting that perseverance and passion for long-term goals enable spellers to persist with practice activities that are less intrinsically rewarding-but more effective-than other types of preparation.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="82b4618cc6d147ef928527e3a18d0eee" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":39276416,"asset_id":15276709,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39276416/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="15276709"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="15276709"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 15276709; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="15276708"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/15276708/From_Fantasy_to_Action_Mental_Contrasting_With_Implementation_Intentions_MCII_Improves_Academic_Performance_in_Children"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of From Fantasy to Action: Mental Contrasting With Implementation Intentions (MCII) Improves Academic Performance in Children" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/39276044/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/15276708/From_Fantasy_to_Action_Mental_Contrasting_With_Implementation_Intentions_MCII_Improves_Academic_Performance_in_Children">From Fantasy to Action: Mental Contrasting With Implementation Intentions (MCII) Improves Academic Performance in Children</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Social Psychological and Personality Science</span><span>, 2013</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The current intervention tested whether a metacognitive self-regulatory strategy of goal pursuit ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The current intervention tested whether a metacognitive self-regulatory strategy of goal pursuit can help economically disadvantaged children convert positive thoughts and images about their future into effective action. Mental contrasting with implementation intentions (MCII) entails mental contrasting a desired future with relevant obstacles of reality and forming implementation intentions (if-then plans) specifying when and where to overcome those obstacles. Seventy-seven 5th graders from an urban middle school were randomly assigned to learn either MCII or a Positive Thinking control strategy. Compared to children in the control condition, children taught how to apply MCII to their academic wishes and concerns significantly improved their report card grades (Z 2 ¼ .07), attendance (Z 2 ¼ .05), and conduct (Z 2 ¼ .07). These findings suggest that MCII holds considerable promise for helping disadvantaged middle school children improve their academic performance.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="6522ae84e3a8089c809e0cafefe7ffc3" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":39276044,"asset_id":15276708,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39276044/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="15276708"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="15276708"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 15276708; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=15276708]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=15276708]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 15276708; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='15276708']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "6522ae84e3a8089c809e0cafefe7ffc3" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=15276708]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":15276708,"title":"From Fantasy to Action: Mental Contrasting With Implementation Intentions (MCII) Improves Academic Performance in Children","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/15276708/From_Fantasy_to_Action_Mental_Contrasting_With_Implementation_Intentions_MCII_Improves_Academic_Performance_in_Children","owner_id":34359084,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":34359084,"first_name":"Teri","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Kirby","page_name":"TeriKirby","domain_name":"exeter","created_at":"2015-08-30T00:48:57.204-07:00","display_name":"Teri Kirby","url":"https://exeter.academia.edu/TeriKirby"},"attachments":[{"id":39276044,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/39276044/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Duckworth_Kirby_Gollwitzer_Oettingen_2013.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39276044/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"From_Fantasy_to_Action_Mental_Contrastin.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/39276044/Duckworth_Kirby_Gollwitzer_Oettingen_2013-libre.pdf?1445187026=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DFrom_Fantasy_to_Action_Mental_Contrastin.pdf\u0026Expires=1739708206\u0026Signature=TfqleeTFGtnO8~mhKH4ClcHsH59xmsaUGjB9FaXMap~NXbp7Io~4fEG4HOeropF~e6hquq5fJNmQq5OEzO3WiQnMUboCaa-NK7rXgNXGRkdv8mdEdw3eUWkd19qN82u2q4s3WzyE7IoNeHN-n~nFxnr4r7A~NTJlcQS7XtzN8wfhUI5c6alrfdH~1UZ4P8jqktE7Xp8SP~a5oCLZXWAOZh1m91rsaNNOcc2n-kdDO0m5JZ8q8MECIobeAn7Rj4-cykotYsmGRmwqRFSE0xVCKXYJ3puJ~ouUZbBu5bsimsywynngmcg9wNHe3-WD7f4MtrIGEc953B4NIYEnTrKmlA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="15276707"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/15276707/Is_It_Really_Self_Control_Examining_the_Predictive_Power_of_the_Delay_of_Gratification_Task"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Is It Really Self-Control? Examining the Predictive Power of the Delay of Gratification Task" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/39276420/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/15276707/Is_It_Really_Self_Control_Examining_the_Predictive_Power_of_the_Delay_of_Gratification_Task">Is It Really Self-Control? Examining the Predictive Power of the Delay of Gratification Task</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin</span><span>, 2013</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">This investigation tests whether the predictive power of the delay of gratification task (colloqu...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">This investigation tests whether the predictive power of the delay of gratification task (colloquially known as the "marshmallow test") derives from its assessment of self-control or of theoretically unrelated traits. Among 56 school-age children in Study 1, delay time was associated with concurrent teacher ratings of self-control and Big Five conscientiousness-but not with other personality traits, intelligence, or reward-related impulses. Likewise, among 966 preschool children in Study 2, delay time was consistently associated with concurrent parent and caregiver ratings of self-control but not with reward-related impulses. While delay time in Study 2 was also related to concurrently measured intelligence, predictive relations with academic, health, and social outcomes in adolescence were more consistently explained by ratings of effortful control. Collectively, these findings suggest that delay task performance may be influenced by extraneous traits, but its predictive power derives primarily from its assessment of self-control.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="ccc13e32a8ad82cd83cdaef9331f942d" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":39276420,"asset_id":15276707,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39276420/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="15276707"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="15276707"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 15276707; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=15276707]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=15276707]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 15276707; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='15276707']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "ccc13e32a8ad82cd83cdaef9331f942d" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=15276707]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":15276707,"title":"Is It Really Self-Control? Examining the Predictive Power of the Delay of Gratification Task","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/15276707/Is_It_Really_Self_Control_Examining_the_Predictive_Power_of_the_Delay_of_Gratification_Task","owner_id":34359084,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":34359084,"first_name":"Teri","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Kirby","page_name":"TeriKirby","domain_name":"exeter","created_at":"2015-08-30T00:48:57.204-07:00","display_name":"Teri Kirby","url":"https://exeter.academia.edu/TeriKirby"},"attachments":[{"id":39276420,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/39276420/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Duckworth_Tsukayama_Kirby_2013.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39276420/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Is_It_Really_Self_Control_Examining_the.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/39276420/Duckworth_Tsukayama_Kirby_2013-libre.pdf?1445187865=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DIs_It_Really_Self_Control_Examining_the.pdf\u0026Expires=1739708206\u0026Signature=cvjx~2U2Bm2X-Z5Do7GNAiIxUNsRmGiAslOjZtcL-Nl-aX4nNqcHTGzAJPlF-BAyrR8fv8ImKb9pkfRmkNcIWG-Fyk0iWsin~TroJlnHZb0cjHBq3BiFSvm22SCYGHJPpsxh2FqgE4BEr1JPjk1E5Fz~Uat2zGa~O52KxXmImuJiHW6XlCBX6Y6uf9lz3Xz-3Y3lmyo4QEMw3C6BWqVXH8apDwgyKA3HGTu1eC1csOpOd2HPBdnNsJkowiEJkxySeq~U95myeL5-h4XF7k7orU-hH2PVv2ks71amxKn2NJglCuZom2CMAFfOhVhHIp6Ev9KST~iR4vKIMfb4B-gP2Q__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="15276706"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/15276706/Mental_contrasting_facilitates_academic_performance_in_school_children"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Mental contrasting facilitates academic performance in school children" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/39276422/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/15276706/Mental_contrasting_facilitates_academic_performance_in_school_children">Mental contrasting facilitates academic performance in school children</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://exeter.academia.edu/TeriKirby">Teri Kirby</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/DuckworthAngela">Angela Duckworth</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AngelaDuckworth">Angela Duckworth</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Motivation and Emotion</span><span>, 2011</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Two brief intervention studies tested whether teaching students to mentally contrast a desired fu...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Two brief intervention studies tested whether teaching students to mentally contrast a desired future with its present reality resulted in better academic performance than teaching students to only think about the desired future. German elementary school children (N = 49; Study 1) and US middle school children (N = 63; Study 2) from low-income neighborhoods who were taught mental contrasting achieved comparatively higher scores in learning foreign language vocabulary words after 2 weeks or 4 days, respectively. Results have implications for research on the self-regulation of commitment to solve assigned tasks in classroom settings, and for increasing academic performance in school children in low-income areas.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="2b61d4c5cbe00d14f3ba0151c988b0f7" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":39276422,"asset_id":15276706,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39276422/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="15276706"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="15276706"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 15276706; 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O Contraste Mental com Intenções de Implementação (MCII) implica contrastar mentalmente um futuro desejado com obstáculos relevantes da realidade e formar intenções de implementação (planos Se... Então...) que especificam onde e quando ultrapassar esses obstáculos. Setenta e sete alunos do 5º ano de uma escola urbana do 2º ciclo foram distribuídos aleatoriamente para aprenderem estratégias de MCII ou de Pensamento Positivo como grupo de controlo. Quando comparadas com as crianças na condição de controlo, as crianças às quais foi ensinado o MCII para aplicar aos seus desejos e preocupações académicas melhoraram significativamente as notas nos seus boletins escolares (ɳ 2 = .07), assiduidade (ɳ 2 = .05), e conduta (ɳ 2 = .07). Estas descobertas sugerem que o MCII promete ser uma ajuda considerável às crianças economicamente desfavorecidas para melhorarem os seus desempenhos académicos.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="b0e87be75b7cbf5d9e4620b56e6fce41" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":43375705,"asset_id":15276710,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/43375705/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="15276710"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="15276710"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 15276710; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> </div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane" data-section-id="3458784" id="papers"><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="34336373"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/34336373/Mental_Ownership_Does_Mental_Rehearsal_Transform_Novel_Stimuli_Into_Mental_Possessions"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Mental Ownership: Does Mental Rehearsal Transform Novel Stimuli Into Mental Possessions" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54231313/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/34336373/Mental_Ownership_Does_Mental_Rehearsal_Transform_Novel_Stimuli_Into_Mental_Possessions">Mental Ownership: Does Mental Rehearsal Transform Novel Stimuli Into Mental Possessions</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Abstract Mentally rehearsing unfamiliar first names for the purpose of categorizing them into a ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Abstract Mentally rehearsing unfamiliar first names for the purpose of categorizing them into <br />a group produces both preference for and, more surprisingly, identification with the group of <br />names (ie, association of the names with self; Greenwald, Pickrell, & Farnham, 2002). The <br />present research started as an effort to determine how these 'implicit partisanship'effects of <br />stimulus exposures differed from the well-known mere exposure effect and whether mental <br />rehearsal might play a role in both phenomena. Four experiments found that parallel ...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="534dd154ce6e45f66444329db8b8e6e0" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":54231313,"asset_id":34336373,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54231313/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="34336373"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="34336373"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34336373; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34336373]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34336373]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34336373; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='34336373']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "534dd154ce6e45f66444329db8b8e6e0" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=34336373]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":34336373,"title":"Mental Ownership: Does Mental Rehearsal Transform Novel Stimuli Into Mental Possessions","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/34336373/Mental_Ownership_Does_Mental_Rehearsal_Transform_Novel_Stimuli_Into_Mental_Possessions","owner_id":34359084,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":34359084,"first_name":"Teri","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Kirby","page_name":"TeriKirby","domain_name":"exeter","created_at":"2015-08-30T00:48:57.204-07:00","display_name":"Teri Kirby","url":"https://exeter.academia.edu/TeriKirby"},"attachments":[{"id":54231313,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54231313/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Kirby___Greenwald_2017_pre-print.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54231313/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Mental_Ownership_Does_Mental_Rehearsal_T.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/54231313/Kirby___Greenwald_2017_pre-print-libre.pdf?1503568891=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DMental_Ownership_Does_Mental_Rehearsal_T.pdf\u0026Expires=1739708206\u0026Signature=N3CLd19~CQC9uFkmU~7jcEAECDOp-C9w8q~o693W5sY6CoONkuaUFf6wy3nX2RBWI0w7cp7ROguAXZwg3QZvOU3N0nuLfdBonx-ls98XgUycxrz-mFk9nyB6wQhGHEw0sF9LQYEcF2V13n5w7-HETHA0WHLF34ftKNjw5T4pRF88XcuQ09raC1JpMrxj-4vjF-Qb8frWscuUFCYkNLM3n~7zg5u9gPaQs7Wt6j0M0phKR3p2za4Vn3wZtKlMWFYLFJzHqwVDfRKbr4UEcUg6cJhqrRMA9ycl3se6bUuXyM0xZAIBo~CQ5kdCKoyoZ~Rylrq632MYt-uCRgK-~VKDfg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="34336361"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/34336361/Unexpected_Gains_Being_Overweight_Buffers_Asian_Americans_From_Prejudice_Against_Foreigners"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Unexpected Gains: Being Overweight Buffers Asian Americans From Prejudice Against Foreigners" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54231296/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/34336361/Unexpected_Gains_Being_Overweight_Buffers_Asian_Americans_From_Prejudice_Against_Foreigners">Unexpected Gains: Being Overweight Buffers Asian Americans From Prejudice Against Foreigners</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://exeter.academia.edu/TeriKirby">Teri Kirby</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/EMatskewich">E. Matskewich</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Can being overweight, a factor that commonly leads to stigmatization, ironically buffer some peop...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Can being overweight, a factor that commonly leads to stigmatization, ironically buffer some people from race-based assumptions about who is American? In 10 studies, participants were shown portraits that were edited to make the photographed person appear either overweight (body mass index, or BMI > 25) or normal weight (BMI < 25). A meta-analysis of these studies revealed that overweight Asian individuals were perceived as significantly more American than normal-weight versions of the same people, whereas this was not true for White, Black, or Latino individuals. A second meta-analysis showed that overweight Asian men were perceived as less likely to be in the United States without documentation than their normal-weight counterparts. A final study demonstrated that weight stereotypes about presumed countries of origin shape who is considered American. Taken together, these studies demonstrate that perceptions of nationality are malleable and that perceived race and body shape interact to inform these judgments.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="165d36f850824d654f3e5b1f897e2ad3" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":54231296,"asset_id":34336361,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54231296/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="34336361"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="34336361"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34336361; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="9785840"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/9785840/Da_Fantasia_%C3%A0_Ac%C3%A7%C3%A3o_o_Contraste_Mental_com_Inten%C3%A7%C3%B5es_de_Implementa%C3%A7%C3%A3o_MCII_melhora_o_desempenho_acad%C3%A9mico_em_crian%C3%A7as"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Da Fantasia à Acção: o Contraste Mental com Intenções de Implementação (MCII) melhora o desempenho académico em crianças" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/35961659/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/9785840/Da_Fantasia_%C3%A0_Ac%C3%A7%C3%A3o_o_Contraste_Mental_com_Inten%C3%A7%C3%B5es_de_Implementa%C3%A7%C3%A3o_MCII_melhora_o_desempenho_acad%C3%A9mico_em_crian%C3%A7as">Da Fantasia à Acção: o Contraste Mental com Intenções de Implementação (MCII) melhora o desempenho académico em crianças</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://lisboa.academia.edu/PedroCallado">Pedro Callado</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://exeter.academia.edu/TeriKirby">Teri Kirby</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Esta intervenção testou se uma estratégia metacognitiva autorregulatória de persecução de metas p...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Esta intervenção testou se uma estratégia metacognitiva autorregulatória de persecução de metas pode ajudar crianças economicamente desfavorecidas a converterem imagens e pensamentos positivos sobre o seu futuro em acção efectiva. O Contraste Mental com Intenções de Implementação (MCII) implica contrastar mentalmente um futuro desejado com obstáculos relevantes da realidade e formar intenções de implementação (planos Se... Então...) que especificam onde e quando ultrapassar esses obstáculos. Setenta e sete alunos do 5º ano de uma escola urbana do 2º ciclo foram distribuídos aleatoriamente para aprenderem estratégias de MCII ou de Pensamento Positivo como grupo de controlo. Quando comparadas com as crianças na condição de controlo, as crianças às quais foi ensinado o MCII para aplicar aos seus desejos e preocupações académicas melhoraram significativamente as notas nos seus boletins escolares (ɳ2 = .07), assiduidade (ɳ2 = .05), e conduta (ɳ2 = .07). Estas descobertas sugerem que o MCII promete ser uma ajuda considerável às crianças economicamente desfavorecidas para melhorarem os seus desempenhos académicos</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="249158541f077ef9ea5e6c76389a2e33" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":35961659,"asset_id":9785840,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/35961659/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="9785840"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="9785840"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 9785840; 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dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "249158541f077ef9ea5e6c76389a2e33" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=9785840]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":9785840,"title":"Da Fantasia à Acção: o Contraste Mental com Intenções de Implementação (MCII) melhora o desempenho académico em crianças","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/9785840/Da_Fantasia_%C3%A0_Ac%C3%A7%C3%A3o_o_Contraste_Mental_com_Inten%C3%A7%C3%B5es_de_Implementa%C3%A7%C3%A3o_MCII_melhora_o_desempenho_acad%C3%A9mico_em_crian%C3%A7as","owner_id":3054097,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":3054097,"first_name":"Pedro","middle_initials":"","last_name":"Callado","page_name":"PedroCallado","domain_name":"lisboa","created_at":"2013-01-07T08:54:18.673-08:00","display_name":"Pedro Callado","url":"https://lisboa.academia.edu/PedroCallado"},"attachments":[{"id":35961659,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/35961659/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Da_Fantasia_a_Accao_-_Contraste_Mental_com_Intencoes_de_Implementacao_MCII_Melhora_o_Desempenho_Academico_em_Criancas.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/35961659/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Da_Fantasia_a_Accao_o_Contraste_Mental_c.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/35961659/Da_Fantasia_a_Accao_-_Contraste_Mental_com_Intencoes_de_Implementacao_MCII_Melhora_o_Desempenho_Academico_em_Criancas-libre.pdf?1418750748=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DDa_Fantasia_a_Accao_o_Contraste_Mental_c.pdf\u0026Expires=1739708206\u0026Signature=ckyueQtrdNn75Qou0HZh9Oz2eXjK577XYr-CyYgEWuz~4CmDbwEf52rLINcfhRELkJz9mD9o9klusZUBi6Dy~X7sxGdXsyQ1RfjeoPnS1p-ga0~tDEUg9L5XtNo53Zihpc64yXoG9W2Bn20bPjeg26z3pqSOPrSLWSR~xNYz5wdw8nSZ4c4NgPHDyMq6ymR4T5vRF9ZM9cyfDOK8hWgrg84pVeByNwCApYKm5tpTutXEP9PI81yj9OBwcYq6omwJmmS0MvgN1z-oUpQC8UKutWB1AtEi59lkjmSHwnvGGkiMnOGHwiNvmtOeBkr~XZJOwnaaCxzuoLw2MBcpaxkVWg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="21078876"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/21078876/Attitudes_toward_beef_and_vegetarians_in_Argentina_Brazil_France_and_the_USA"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Attitudes toward beef and vegetarians in Argentina, Brazil, France, and the USA" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/21078876/Attitudes_toward_beef_and_vegetarians_in_Argentina_Brazil_France_and_the_USA">Attitudes toward beef and vegetarians in Argentina, Brazil, France, and the USA</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://exeter.academia.edu/TeriKirby">Teri Kirby</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://usp-br.academia.edu/MarleAlvarenga">Marle Alvarenga</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://uba.academia.edu/GuillerminaRutsztein">Guillermina Rutsztein</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Appetite</span><span>, Jan 19, 2015</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Meat is both the most favored and most tabooed food in the world. In the developed world, there i...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Meat is both the most favored and most tabooed food in the world. In the developed world, there is a tension between its high nutritional density, preferred taste, and high status on the one hand, and concerns about weight, degenerative diseases, the ethics of killing animals, and the environmental cost of meat production on the other hand. The present study investigated attitudes toward beef, and toward vegetarians, among college students in Argentina, Brazil, France, and the USA. Across countries, men were more pro-beef, in free associations, liking, craving, and frequency of consumption. By country, Brazil and Argentina were generally the most positive, followed by France and then the United States. Ambivalence to beef was higher in women, and highest in Brazil. Only Brazilian and American women reported frequent negative associations to beef (e.g. &quot;disgusting&quot;, &quot;fatty&quot;). Overall, most students had positive attitudes to beef, and the attitude to vegetarians wa...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="21078876"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="21078876"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 21078876; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=21078876]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=21078876]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 21078876; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='21078876']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=21078876]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":21078876,"title":"Attitudes toward beef and vegetarians in Argentina, Brazil, France, and the USA","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/21078876/Attitudes_toward_beef_and_vegetarians_in_Argentina_Brazil_France_and_the_USA","owner_id":34359084,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":34359084,"first_name":"Teri","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Kirby","page_name":"TeriKirby","domain_name":"exeter","created_at":"2015-08-30T00:48:57.204-07:00","display_name":"Teri Kirby","url":"https://exeter.academia.edu/TeriKirby"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="15276711"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/15276711/Insidious_Procedures_Diversity_Awards_Legitimize_Unfair_Organizational_Practices"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Insidious Procedures: Diversity Awards Legitimize Unfair Organizational Practices" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/39276211/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/15276711/Insidious_Procedures_Diversity_Awards_Legitimize_Unfair_Organizational_Practices">Insidious Procedures: Diversity Awards Legitimize Unfair Organizational Practices</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Social Justice Research</span><span>, 2015</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Does the presence (versus absence) of an organizational diversity award increase the perceived fa...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Does the presence (versus absence) of an organizational diversity award increase the perceived fairness of biased personnel procedures? Participants examined fair or unfair personnel procedures at a company that had received a diversity award or an award unrelated to diversity.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="b418f0b75272864d15b67c3d1362058b" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":39276211,"asset_id":15276711,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39276211/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="15276711"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="15276711"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 15276711; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="15256159"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/15256159/Its_fair_for_us_Diversity_structures_cause_women_to_legitimize_discrimination"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of It's fair for us: Diversity structures cause women to legitimize discrimination" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/43394098/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/15256159/Its_fair_for_us_Diversity_structures_cause_women_to_legitimize_discrimination">It's fair for us: Diversity structures cause women to legitimize discrimination</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/KaiserCheryl">Cheryl Kaiser</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/LauraBrady1">Laura Brady</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://exeter.academia.edu/TeriKirby">Teri Kirby</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of Experimental Social Psychology</span><span>, 2015</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="ade96066e3d53e471b08b563528d81fe" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":43394098,"asset_id":15256159,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/43394098/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="15256159"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="15256159"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 15256159; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="15276709"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/15276709/Deliberate_Practice_Spells_Success_Why_Grittier_Competitors_Triumph_at_the_National_Spelling_Bee"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Deliberate Practice Spells Success: Why Grittier Competitors Triumph at the National Spelling Bee" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/39276416/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/15276709/Deliberate_Practice_Spells_Success_Why_Grittier_Competitors_Triumph_at_the_National_Spelling_Bee">Deliberate Practice Spells Success: Why Grittier Competitors Triumph at the National Spelling Bee</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Social Psychological and Personality Science</span><span>, 2011</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The expert performance framework distinguishes between deliberate practice and less effective pra...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The expert performance framework distinguishes between deliberate practice and less effective practice activities. The current longitudinal study is the first to use this framework to understand how children improve in an academic skill. Specifically, the authors examined the effectiveness and subjective experience of three preparation activities widely recommended to improve spelling skill. Deliberate practice, operationally defined as studying and memorizing words while alone, better predicted performance in the National Spelling Bee than being quizzed by others or reading for pleasure. Rated as the most effortful and least enjoyable type of preparation activity, deliberate practice was increasingly favored over being quizzed as spellers accumulated competition experience. Deliberate practice mediated the prediction of final performance by the personality trait of grit, suggesting that perseverance and passion for long-term goals enable spellers to persist with practice activities that are less intrinsically rewarding-but more effective-than other types of preparation.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="82b4618cc6d147ef928527e3a18d0eee" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":39276416,"asset_id":15276709,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39276416/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="15276709"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="15276709"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 15276709; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="15276708"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/15276708/From_Fantasy_to_Action_Mental_Contrasting_With_Implementation_Intentions_MCII_Improves_Academic_Performance_in_Children"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of From Fantasy to Action: Mental Contrasting With Implementation Intentions (MCII) Improves Academic Performance in Children" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/39276044/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/15276708/From_Fantasy_to_Action_Mental_Contrasting_With_Implementation_Intentions_MCII_Improves_Academic_Performance_in_Children">From Fantasy to Action: Mental Contrasting With Implementation Intentions (MCII) Improves Academic Performance in Children</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Social Psychological and Personality Science</span><span>, 2013</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The current intervention tested whether a metacognitive self-regulatory strategy of goal pursuit ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The current intervention tested whether a metacognitive self-regulatory strategy of goal pursuit can help economically disadvantaged children convert positive thoughts and images about their future into effective action. Mental contrasting with implementation intentions (MCII) entails mental contrasting a desired future with relevant obstacles of reality and forming implementation intentions (if-then plans) specifying when and where to overcome those obstacles. Seventy-seven 5th graders from an urban middle school were randomly assigned to learn either MCII or a Positive Thinking control strategy. Compared to children in the control condition, children taught how to apply MCII to their academic wishes and concerns significantly improved their report card grades (Z 2 ¼ .07), attendance (Z 2 ¼ .05), and conduct (Z 2 ¼ .07). These findings suggest that MCII holds considerable promise for helping disadvantaged middle school children improve their academic performance.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="6522ae84e3a8089c809e0cafefe7ffc3" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":39276044,"asset_id":15276708,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39276044/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="15276708"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="15276708"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 15276708; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="15276707"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/15276707/Is_It_Really_Self_Control_Examining_the_Predictive_Power_of_the_Delay_of_Gratification_Task"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Is It Really Self-Control? Examining the Predictive Power of the Delay of Gratification Task" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/39276420/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/15276707/Is_It_Really_Self_Control_Examining_the_Predictive_Power_of_the_Delay_of_Gratification_Task">Is It Really Self-Control? Examining the Predictive Power of the Delay of Gratification Task</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin</span><span>, 2013</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">This investigation tests whether the predictive power of the delay of gratification task (colloqu...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">This investigation tests whether the predictive power of the delay of gratification task (colloquially known as the "marshmallow test") derives from its assessment of self-control or of theoretically unrelated traits. Among 56 school-age children in Study 1, delay time was associated with concurrent teacher ratings of self-control and Big Five conscientiousness-but not with other personality traits, intelligence, or reward-related impulses. Likewise, among 966 preschool children in Study 2, delay time was consistently associated with concurrent parent and caregiver ratings of self-control but not with reward-related impulses. While delay time in Study 2 was also related to concurrently measured intelligence, predictive relations with academic, health, and social outcomes in adolescence were more consistently explained by ratings of effortful control. Collectively, these findings suggest that delay task performance may be influenced by extraneous traits, but its predictive power derives primarily from its assessment of self-control.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="ccc13e32a8ad82cd83cdaef9331f942d" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":39276420,"asset_id":15276707,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39276420/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="15276707"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="15276707"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 15276707; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=15276707]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=15276707]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 15276707; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='15276707']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "ccc13e32a8ad82cd83cdaef9331f942d" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=15276707]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":15276707,"title":"Is It Really Self-Control? 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German elementary school children (N = 49; Study 1) and US middle school children (N = 63; Study 2) from low-income neighborhoods who were taught mental contrasting achieved comparatively higher scores in learning foreign language vocabulary words after 2 weeks or 4 days, respectively. Results have implications for research on the self-regulation of commitment to solve assigned tasks in classroom settings, and for increasing academic performance in school children in low-income areas.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="2b61d4c5cbe00d14f3ba0151c988b0f7" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":39276422,"asset_id":15276706,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39276422/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="15276706"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="15276706"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 15276706; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="15276710"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/15276710/Da_Fantasia_%C3%A0_Ac%C3%A7%C3%A3o_o_Contraste_Mental_com_Inten%C3%A7%C3%B5es_de_Implementa%C3%A7%C3%A3o_MCII_melhora_o_desempenho_acad%C3%A9mico_em_crian%C3%A7as"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Da Fantasia à Acção: o Contraste Mental com Intenções de Implementação (MCII) melhora o desempenho académico em crianças" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/43375705/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/15276710/Da_Fantasia_%C3%A0_Ac%C3%A7%C3%A3o_o_Contraste_Mental_com_Inten%C3%A7%C3%B5es_de_Implementa%C3%A7%C3%A3o_MCII_melhora_o_desempenho_acad%C3%A9mico_em_crian%C3%A7as">Da Fantasia à Acção: o Contraste Mental com Intenções de Implementação (MCII) melhora o desempenho académico em crianças</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Esta intervenção testou se uma estratégia metacognitiva autorregulatória de persecução de metas p...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Esta intervenção testou se uma estratégia metacognitiva autorregulatória de persecução de metas pode ajudar crianças economicamente desfavorecidas a converterem imagens e pensamentos positivos sobre o seu futuro em acção efectiva. O Contraste Mental com Intenções de Implementação (MCII) implica contrastar mentalmente um futuro desejado com obstáculos relevantes da realidade e formar intenções de implementação (planos Se... Então...) que especificam onde e quando ultrapassar esses obstáculos. Setenta e sete alunos do 5º ano de uma escola urbana do 2º ciclo foram distribuídos aleatoriamente para aprenderem estratégias de MCII ou de Pensamento Positivo como grupo de controlo. Quando comparadas com as crianças na condição de controlo, as crianças às quais foi ensinado o MCII para aplicar aos seus desejos e preocupações académicas melhoraram significativamente as notas nos seus boletins escolares (ɳ 2 = .07), assiduidade (ɳ 2 = .05), e conduta (ɳ 2 = .07). Estas descobertas sugerem que o MCII promete ser uma ajuda considerável às crianças economicamente desfavorecidas para melhorarem os seus desempenhos académicos.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="b0e87be75b7cbf5d9e4620b56e6fce41" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":43375705,"asset_id":15276710,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/43375705/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="15276710"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="15276710"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 15276710; 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