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subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Development_tools-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Game_development" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Game_development"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 Game development </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Game_development-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Availability" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Availability"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Availability </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Availability-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Availability subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Availability-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Desktop_platforms" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Desktop_platforms"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 Desktop platforms </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Desktop_platforms-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mobile_platforms" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mobile_platforms"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2 Mobile platforms </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mobile_platforms-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_hardware" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_hardware"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.3 Other hardware </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_hardware-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-End_of_life" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#End_of_life"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.4 End of life </div> </a> <ul id="toc-End_of_life-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Web_browsers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Web_browsers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.4.1 Web browsers </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Web_browsers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Google_Chrome" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Google_Chrome"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.4.1.1 Google Chrome </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Google_Chrome-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mozilla_Firefox" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mozilla_Firefox"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.4.1.2 Mozilla Firefox </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mozilla_Firefox-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Microsoft_Windows" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Microsoft_Windows"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.4.1.3 Microsoft Windows </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Microsoft_Windows-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Apple_Safari" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Apple_Safari"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.4.1.4 Apple Safari </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Apple_Safari-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fallout" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fallout"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.4.2 Fallout </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fallout-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Post-EOL_support" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Post-EOL_support"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.4.3 Post-EOL support </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Post-EOL_support-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Mainland_China" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mainland_China"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.4.3.1 Mainland China </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mainland_China-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Enterprise" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Enterprise"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.4.3.2 Enterprise </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Enterprise-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Web_browsers_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Web_browsers_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.4.3.3 Web browsers </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Web_browsers_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Adobe_Flash_Player_Projector" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Adobe_Flash_Player_Projector"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.4.3.4 Adobe Flash Player Projector </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Adobe_Flash_Player_Projector-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Content_preservation_projects" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Content_preservation_projects"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.4.3.5 Content preservation projects </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Content_preservation_projects-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Open_source" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Open_source"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Open source </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Open_source-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Criticism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Criticism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Criticism </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Criticism-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Criticism subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Criticism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Accessibility_and_usability" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Accessibility_and_usability"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1 Accessibility and usability </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Accessibility_and_usability-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Privacy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Privacy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.2 Privacy </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Privacy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Security" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Security"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.3 Security </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Security-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vendor_lock-in" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vendor_lock-in"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.4 Vendor lock-in </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vendor_lock-in-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Apple_controversy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Apple_controversy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.5 Apple controversy </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Apple_controversy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mainland_China–specific_variant" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mainland_China–specific_variant"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.6 Mainland China–specific variant </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mainland_China–specific_variant-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Release_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Release_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Release history </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Release_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 Notes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 Further reading </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Adobe Flash Player</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 40 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-40" aria-hidden="true" > 40 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%8A_%D9%81%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B4_%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%B1" title="أدوبي فلاش بلاير – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="أدوبي فلاش بلاير" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Flash_Player" title="Adobe Flash Player – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Adobe Flash Player" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Flash_Player" title="Adobe Flash Player – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Adobe Flash Player" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Flash_Player" title="Adobe Flash Player – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Adobe Flash Player" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Flash_Player" title="Adobe Flash Player – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Adobe Flash Player" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Flash_Player" title="Adobe Flash Player – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Adobe Flash Player" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Flash_Player" title="Adobe Flash Player – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Adobe Flash Player" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Flash_Player" title="Adobe Flash Player – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Adobe Flash Player" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Flash_Player" title="Adobe Flash Player – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Adobe Flash Player" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%A8%DB%8C_%D9%81%D9%84%D8%B4_%D9%BE%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B1" title="ادوبی فلش پلیر – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ادوبی فلش پلیر" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Flash_Player" title="Adobe Flash Player – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Adobe Flash Player" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%96%B4%EB%8F%84%EB%B9%84_%ED%94%8C%EB%9E%98%EC%8B%9C_%ED%94%8C%EB%A0%88%EC%9D%B4%EC%96%B4" title="어도비 플래시 플레이어 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="어도비 플래시 플레이어" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Flash_Player" title="Adobe Flash Player – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Adobe Flash Player" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Flash_Player" title="Adobe Flash Player – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Adobe Flash Player" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Flash_Player" title="Adobe Flash Player – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="Adobe Flash Player" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Flash_Player" title="Adobe Flash Player – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Adobe Flash Player" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Jawa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Flash_Player" title="Adobe Flash Player – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Adobe Flash Player" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kapampangan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Flash_Player" title="Adobe Flash Player – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="Adobe Flash Player" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A1%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%AB%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B7%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%BC" title="അഡോബ് ഫ്ലാഷ് പ്ലെയർ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="അഡോബ് ഫ്ലാഷ് പ്ലെയർ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A5%B2%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%85%E0%A4%B6_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0" title="ॲडोबी फ्लॅश प्लेयर – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="ॲडोबी फ्लॅश प्लेयर" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Flash_Player" title="Adobe Flash Player – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Adobe Flash Player" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Flash_Player" title="Adobe Flash Player – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Adobe Flash Player" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Flash_Player" title="Adobe Flash Player – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="Adobe Flash Player" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Flash_Player" title="Adobe Flash Player – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Adobe Flash Player" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Flash_Player" title="Adobe Flash Player – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Adobe Flash Player" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Flash_Player" title="Adobe Flash Player – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Adobe Flash Player" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Flash_Player" title="Adobe Flash Player – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Adobe Flash Player" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Flash_Player" title="Adobe Flash Player – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Adobe Flash Player" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Flash_Player" title="Adobe Flash Player – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Adobe Flash Player" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Flash_Player" title="Adobe Flash Player – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Adobe Flash Player" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Flash_Player" title="Adobe Flash Player – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Adobe Flash Player" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Flash_Player" title="Adobe Flash Player – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Adobe Flash Player" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tagalog</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BF_%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B3%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81_%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D" title="அடோபி பிளாசு பிளேயர் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="அடோபி பிளாசு பிளேயர்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B5_%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%8A_%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C" title="อะโดบี แฟลช เพลย์เยอร์ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="อะโดบี แฟลช เพลย์เยอร์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Flash_Player" title="Adobe Flash Player – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Adobe Flash Player" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Flash_Player" title="Adobe Flash Player – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Adobe Flash Player" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Flash_Player" title="Adobe Flash Player – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Adobe Flash Player" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Flash_Player" title="Adobe Flash Player – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="Adobe Flash Player" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target">吴语</a></li><li 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class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle">(Redirected from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Flash_Player&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Flash Player">Flash Player</a>)</div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Software for viewing multimedia, rich Internet applications, and streaming video and audio</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the player. For an overview of the platform, see <a href="/wiki/Adobe_Flash" title="Adobe Flash">Adobe Flash</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Shockwave Flash" redirects here. Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Adobe_Shockwave" title="Adobe Shockwave">Adobe Shockwave</a>. For the <a href="/wiki/File_format" title="File format">file format</a> sometimes referred to as "Shockwave Flash", see <a href="/wiki/SWF" title="SWF">SWF</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent"><caption class="infobox-title summary">Adobe Flash Player</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image logo"><a href="/wiki/File:Adobe_Flash_Player_32.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Adobe_Flash_Player_32.svg/100px-Adobe_Flash_Player_32.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="97" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Adobe_Flash_Player_32.svg/150px-Adobe_Flash_Player_32.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Adobe_Flash_Player_32.svg/200px-Adobe_Flash_Player_32.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="499" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Programmer" title="Programmer">Original author(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/FutureWave_Software" title="FutureWave Software">FutureWave</a> <a href="/wiki/Macromedia" title="Macromedia">Macromedia</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Programmer" title="Programmer">Developer(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Adobe_Inc." title="Adobe Inc.">Adobe</a> Zhongcheng <a href="/wiki/Harman_International" title="Harman International">Harman</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Initial release</th><td class="infobox-data">January 1, 1996; 28 years ago (1996-01-01)</td></tr><tr style="display: none;"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><a href="/wiki/Software_release_life_cycle" title="Software release life cycle">Stable release(s)</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Latest_stable_software_release/Adobe_Flash_Player?action=edit">[±]</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox-subbox"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Windows, macOS (<a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Mainland_China–specific_variant">China-specific variant</a>)</th><td class="infobox-data">34.0.0.321<a href="#cite_note-fp_cn_version-1">[1]</a> / September 10, 2024; 2 months ago (2024-09-10)<a href="#cite_note-fp_cn_date-2">[2]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Windows, macOS, Linux (<a href="/wiki/Harman_International" title="Harman International">Harman</a> enterprise variant)</th><td class="infobox-data">50.x<a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a> / N/A</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Linux (<a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Mainland_China–specific_variant">China-specific variant</a>)</th><td class="infobox-data">34.0.0.137<a href="#cite_note-fp_cn_download-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a> / April 13, 2021; 3 years ago (2021-04-13)<a href="#cite_note-fp_cn_date-2">[2]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Windows, macOS, Linux, ChromeOS (Global variant, excluding China)</th><td class="infobox-data">32.0.0.465<a href="#cite_note-prima-about-6">[6]</a> / December 8, 2020; 3 years ago (2020-12-08)<a href="#cite_note-archived-7">[7]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Internet Explorer 11 and Edge Legacy (Embedded - <a href="/wiki/Windows_8" title="Windows 8">Windows 8</a> or later)</th><td class="infobox-data">32.0.0.445<a href="#cite_note-prima-about-6">[6]</a> / October 13, 2020; 4 years ago (2020-10-13)<a href="#cite_note-archived-7">[7]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Android 4.0.x</th><td class="infobox-data">11.1.115.81 / September 10, 2013; 11 years ago (2013-09-10)<a href="#cite_note-archived-7">[7]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Android 2.x and 3.x</th><td class="infobox-data">11.1.111.73 / September 10, 2013; 11 years ago (2013-09-10)<a href="#cite_note-archived-7">[7]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Solaris</th><td class="infobox-data">11.2.202.223 / March 28, 2012; 12 years ago (2012-03-28)<a href="#cite_note-archived-7">[7]</a></td></tr></tbody></table></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><a href="/wiki/Software_release_life_cycle#Beta" title="Software release life cycle">Preview release(s)</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Latest_preview_software_release/Adobe_Flash_Player?action=edit">[±]</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox-subbox"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Windows, macOS, Linux, ChromeOS</th><td class="infobox-data">32.0.0.380 Beta / May 14, 2020; 4 years ago (2020-05-14)<a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Written in</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/ActionScript" title="ActionScript">ActionScript</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Operating_system" title="Operating system">Operating system</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Windows" title="Microsoft Windows">Windows</a>, <a href="/wiki/MacOS" title="MacOS">macOS</a>, <a href="/wiki/Linux" title="Linux">Linux</a>, <a href="/wiki/ChromeOS" title="ChromeOS">ChromeOS</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oracle_Solaris" title="Oracle Solaris">Solaris</a>, <a href="/wiki/BlackBerry_Tablet_OS" title="BlackBerry Tablet OS">BlackBerry Tablet OS</a>, <a href="/wiki/Android_(operating_system)" title="Android (operating system)">Android</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pocket_PC" title="Pocket PC">Pocket PC</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Computing_platform" title="Computing platform">Platform</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Web_browser" title="Web browser">Web browsers</a> and <a href="/wiki/ActiveX" title="ActiveX">ActiveX</a>-based software</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Available in</th><td class="infobox-data">Afrikaans, Arabic, Chinese Simplified, Chinese Traditional, English, French, German, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Polish, Portuguese, Russian, Spanish, Telugu, Turkish, Vietnamese, Xhosa, Yiddish, and Zulu<a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Software_categories#Categorization_approaches" title="Software categories">Type</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Runtime_system" title="Runtime system">Runtime system</a> and <a href="/wiki/Browser_extension" title="Browser extension">browser extension</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Software_license" title="Software license">License</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Freeware" title="Freeware">Freeware</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.adobe.com/products/flashplayer/end-of-life.html">Adobe Flash Player End of Life</a> (<a href="/wiki/End-of-life_(product)" class="mw-redirect" title="End-of-life (product)">EOL</a>, original global variants)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://airsdk.harman.com/flashplayer">Adobe Flash Player Harman official website</a> (active, Harman enterprise variant)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.flash.cn/english">Adobe Flash Player China official website</a> (active, China-specific variant)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table> Adobe Flash Player (known in <a href="/wiki/Internet_Explorer" title="Internet Explorer">Internet Explorer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Firefox" title="Firefox">Firefox</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Google_Chrome" title="Google Chrome">Google Chrome</a> as Shockwave Flash)<a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a> was a computer program for viewing <a href="/wiki/Multimedia" title="Multimedia">multimedia</a> content, executing <a href="/wiki/Rich_Internet_Application" title="Rich Internet Application">rich Internet applications</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Streaming_media" title="Streaming media">streaming</a> audio and video content created on the <a href="/wiki/Adobe_Flash" title="Adobe Flash">Adobe Flash</a> platform. It can run from a <a href="/wiki/Web_browser" title="Web browser">web browser</a> as a browser <a href="/wiki/Plug-in_(computing)" title="Plug-in (computing)">plug-in</a> or independently on supported devices. Originally created by <a href="/wiki/FutureWave_Software" title="FutureWave Software">FutureWave</a> under the name FutureSplash Player, it was renamed to Macromedia Flash Player after <a href="/wiki/Macromedia" title="Macromedia">Macromedia</a> acquired FutureWave in 1996. After Adobe acquired Macromedia in 2005, it was developed and distributed by <a href="/wiki/Adobe_Inc." title="Adobe Inc.">Adobe</a> as Adobe Flash Player. It is currently developed and distributed by Zhongcheng for users in China, and by <a href="/wiki/Harman_International" title="Harman International">Harman International</a> for enterprise users outside of China, in collaboration with Adobe. Flash Player ran on <a href="/wiki/SWF" title="SWF">SWF</a> files that can be created using <a href="/wiki/Adobe_Animate" title="Adobe Animate">Adobe Flash Professional</a>, <a href="/wiki/Adobe_Flash_Builder" title="Adobe Flash Builder">Adobe Flash Builder</a>, or third-party tools such as FlashDevelop. Flash Player supports video and <a href="/wiki/Raster_graphics" title="Raster graphics">raster graphics</a>; <a href="/wiki/Vector_graphics" title="Vector graphics">vector graphics</a>; <a href="/wiki/3D_computer_graphics" title="3D computer graphics">3D graphics</a>; embedded audio; and an object-oriented scripting language called <a href="/wiki/ActionScript" title="ActionScript">ActionScript</a>, which is based on <a href="/wiki/ECMAScript" title="ECMAScript">ECMAScript</a> (similar to <a href="/wiki/JavaScript" title="JavaScript">JavaScript</a>). <a href="/wiki/Internet_Explorer_11" title="Internet Explorer 11">Internet Explorer 11</a> and <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Edge#Edge_Legacy_(2014–2019)" title="Microsoft Edge">Microsoft Edge Legacy</a> since <a href="/wiki/Windows_8" title="Windows 8">Windows 8</a>, along with <a href="/wiki/Google_Chrome" title="Google Chrome">Google Chrome</a> on all versions of Windows, came bundled with a <a href="/wiki/Sandbox_(computer_security)" title="Sandbox (computer security)">sandboxed</a> Adobe Flash Player plug-in.<a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a><a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a><a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a><a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a> Flash Player once had a large user base, and was required to run many <a href="/wiki/Browser_game" title="Browser game">web games</a>, animations, and <a href="/wiki/Graphical_user_interface" title="Graphical user interface">graphical user interface</a> (GUI) elements embedded in web pages. Adobe stated in 2013 that more than 400 million, out of over 1 billion connected desktops, updated to new versions of Flash Player within six weeks of release.<a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a> However, Flash Player became increasingly criticized for poor performance, consumption of battery on mobile devices, the number of <a href="/wiki/Vulnerability_(computing)" class="mw-redirect" title="Vulnerability (computing)">security vulnerabilities</a> that had been discovered in the software, and its nature as a <a href="/wiki/Closed_platform" title="Closed platform">closed platform</a> controlled by Adobe. <a href="/wiki/Apple_Inc." title="Apple Inc.">Apple</a> co-founder <a href="/wiki/Steve_Jobs" title="Steve Jobs">Steve Jobs</a> was highly critical of Flash Player, having published an <a href="/wiki/Thoughts_on_Flash" title="Thoughts on Flash">open letter criticising the platform</a> and detailing Apple's reasoning for not supporting Flash on its <a href="/wiki/IOS" title="IOS">iOS</a> device family. Its usage further waned due to more modern <a href="/wiki/Web_standards" title="Web standards">web standards</a> which replaced some of Flash's functionality, reducing the need for third-party plugins.<a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a><a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a><a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a> This led to the eventual deprecation of the platform. Flash Player was officially discontinued on 31 December 2020, and its download page was removed two days later. Since 12 January 2021, Flash Player (original global variants) versions newer than 32.0.0.371, released in May 2020, refuse to play Flash content and instead display a static warning message.<a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a> The software remains supported in mainland China and in some enterprise variants.<a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Features">Features</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Adobe_Flash_Player&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Features">edit</a>]</div> Adobe Flash Player is a runtime that executes and displays content from a provided <a href="/wiki/SWF" title="SWF">SWF</a> file, although it has no in-built features to modify the SWF file at runtime. It can execute software written in the <a href="/wiki/ActionScript" title="ActionScript">ActionScript</a> programming language which enables the runtime manipulation of text, data, <a href="/wiki/Vector_graphics" title="Vector graphics">vector graphics</a>, <a href="/wiki/Raster_graphics" title="Raster graphics">raster graphics</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sound" title="Sound">sound</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Video" title="Video">video</a>. The player can also access certain connected hardware devices, including the <a href="/wiki/Webcam" title="Webcam">web cameras</a> and <a href="/wiki/Microphone" title="Microphone">microphones</a>, after permission for the same has been granted by the user. Flash Player was used internally by the <a href="/wiki/Adobe_AIR" title="Adobe AIR">Adobe Integrated Runtime</a> (AIR), to provide a cross-platform runtime environment for <a href="/wiki/Application_software" title="Application software">desktop applications</a> and mobile applications. AIR supports installable applications on <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Windows" title="Microsoft Windows">Windows</a>, <a href="/wiki/Linux" title="Linux">Linux</a>, <a href="/wiki/MacOS" title="MacOS">macOS</a>, and some mobile operating systems such as <a href="/wiki/IOS" title="IOS">iOS</a> and <a href="/wiki/Android_(operating_system)" title="Android (operating system)">Android</a>. Flash applications must specifically be built for the AIR runtime to use additional features provided, such as file system integration, native client extensions, native window/screen integration, taskbar/dock integration, and hardware integration with connected <a href="/wiki/Accelerometer" title="Accelerometer">Accelerometer</a> and <a href="/wiki/Global_Positioning_System" title="Global Positioning System">GPS</a> devices.<a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Data_formats">Data formats</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Adobe_Flash_Player&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Data formats">edit</a>]</div> Flash Player included native support for many <a href="/wiki/File_format" title="File format">data formats</a>, some of which can only be accessed through the <a href="/wiki/ActionScript" title="ActionScript">ActionScript</a> scripting interface. <ul><li>XML: Flash Player has included native support for <a href="/wiki/XML" title="XML">XML</a> parsing and generation since version 8. XML data is held in memory as an XML <a href="/wiki/Document_Object_Model" title="Document Object Model">Document Object Model</a>, and can be manipulated using ActionScript. ActionScript 3 also supports <a href="/wiki/ECMAScript_for_XML" title="ECMAScript for XML">ECMAScript for XML</a> (E4X), which allows XML data to be manipulated more easily.</li> <li>JSON: Flash Player 11 includes native support for importing and exporting data in the <a href="/wiki/JSON" title="JSON">JavaScript Object Notation</a> (JSON) format, which allows interoperability with <a href="/wiki/Web_service" title="Web service">web services</a> and <a href="/wiki/JavaScript" title="JavaScript">JavaScript</a> programs.</li> <li>AMF: Flash Player allows application data to be stored on users computers, in the form of <a href="/wiki/Local_shared_object" title="Local shared object">Local Shared Objects</a>, the Flash equivalent to <a href="/wiki/HTTP_cookie" title="HTTP cookie">browser cookies</a>.<a href="#cite_note-adobe-lso-23">[23]</a> Flash Player can also <a href="/wiki/Native_(computing)" title="Native (computing)">natively</a> read and write files in the <a href="/wiki/Action_Message_Format" title="Action Message Format">Action Message Format</a>, the default data format for Local Shared Objects. Since the AMF format specification is published, data can be transferred to and from Flash applications using AMF datasets instead of <a href="/wiki/JSON" title="JSON">JSON</a> or <a href="/wiki/XML" title="XML">XML</a>, reducing the need for <a href="/wiki/Parsing" title="Parsing">parsing</a> and <a href="/wiki/Data_validation" title="Data validation">validating</a> such data.</li> <li>SWF: The specification for the <a href="/wiki/SWF" title="SWF">SWF</a> file format was published by Adobe, enabling the development of the SWX Format project, which used the SWF file format and AMF as a means for Flash applications to exchange data with server side applications.<a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a><a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a> The SWX system stores data as standard SWF bytecode which is automatically interpreted by Flash Player.<a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a> Another <a href="/wiki/Open-source_software" title="Open-source software">open-source</a> project, SWXml allows Flash applications to load XML files as native ActionScript objects without any client-side XML parsing, by converting XML files to SWF/AMF on the server.<a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a><a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Multimedia_formats">Multimedia formats</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Adobe_Flash_Player&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Multimedia formats">edit</a>]</div> Flash Player is primarily a graphics and multimedia platform, and has supported <a href="/wiki/Raster_graphics" title="Raster graphics">raster graphics</a> and <a href="/wiki/Vector_graphics" title="Vector graphics">vector graphics</a> since its earliest version. It supports the following different multimedia formats, which it can natively <a href="/wiki/Parsing" title="Parsing">decode</a> and play back. <ul><li>MP3: Support for decoding and playback of <a href="/wiki/Streaming_media" title="Streaming media">streaming</a> <a href="/wiki/MP3" title="MP3">MPEG-2 Audio Layer III</a> (MP3) audio was introduced in Flash Player 4. MP3 files can be accessed and played back from a server via <a href="/wiki/HTTP" title="HTTP">HTTP</a>, or embedded inside an SWF file, which is also a streaming format.</li> <li>FLV: Support for decoding and playing back video and audio inside <a href="/wiki/Flash_Video" title="Flash Video">Flash Video</a> (FLV and F4V) files, a format developed by <a href="/wiki/Adobe_Inc." title="Adobe Inc.">Adobe Systems</a> and <a href="/wiki/Macromedia" title="Macromedia">Macromedia</a>. Flash Video is only a container format and supports multiple different video <a href="/wiki/Codec" title="Codec">codecs</a>, such as <a href="/wiki/Sorenson_Media#Encoding_technologies" title="Sorenson Media">Sorenson Spark</a>, <a href="/wiki/VP6" title="VP6">VP6</a>, and more recently <a href="/wiki/Advanced_Video_Coding" title="Advanced Video Coding">H.264</a>.<a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a> Flash Player uses hardware acceleration to display video where present, using technologies such as <a href="/wiki/DirectX_Video_Acceleration" title="DirectX Video Acceleration">DirectX Video Acceleration</a> and <a href="/wiki/OpenGL" title="OpenGL">OpenGL</a> to do so. Flash Video is used by <a href="/wiki/YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</a>,<a href="#cite_note-youtubeflash-30">[30]</a> <a href="/wiki/Hulu" title="Hulu">Hulu</a>,<a href="#cite_note-huluflash-31">[31]</a> <a href="/wiki/Yahoo!_Screen" class="mw-redirect" title="Yahoo! Screen">Yahoo! Video</a>, <a href="/wiki/BBC_Online" title="BBC Online">BBC Online</a>,<a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a> and other news providers. FLV files can be played back from a server using <a href="/wiki/HTTP" title="HTTP">HTTP</a> <a href="/wiki/Progressive_download" title="Progressive download">progressive download</a>, and can also be embedded inside an SWF file. Flash Video can also be streamed via <a href="/wiki/Real-Time_Messaging_Protocol" title="Real-Time Messaging Protocol">RTMP</a> using the <a href="/wiki/Adobe_Media_Server" title="Adobe Media Server">Adobe Flash Media Server</a> or other such server-side software.</li> <li>PNG: Support for decoding and rendering <a href="/wiki/PNG" title="PNG">Portable Network Graphics</a> (PNG) images, in both its 24-bit (opaque) and 32-bit (semi-transparent) variants. Flash Player 11 can also encode a PNG bitmap via ActionScript.</li> <li>JPEG: Support for decoding and rendering compressed <a href="/wiki/JPEG" title="JPEG">JPEG</a> images. Flash Player 10 added support for the <a href="/wiki/JPEG_XR" title="JPEG XR">JPEG-XR</a> advanced image compression standard developed by <a href="/wiki/Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft Corporation</a>, which results in better compression and quality than JPEG. JPEG-XR enables <a href="/wiki/Lossy_compression" title="Lossy compression">lossy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lossless_compression" title="Lossless compression">lossless</a> compression with or without <a href="/wiki/Alpha_compositing" title="Alpha compositing">alpha channel</a> transparency. Flash Player 11 can also encode a JPEG or JPEG-XR bitmap via ActionScript.</li> <li>GIF: Support for decoding and rendering compressed <a href="/wiki/GIF" title="GIF">Graphics Interchange Format</a> (GIF) images, in its single-frame variants only. Loading a multi-frame GIF will display only the first image frame.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Streaming_protocols">Streaming protocols</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Adobe_Flash_Player&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Streaming protocols">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>HTTP: Support for communicating with <a href="/wiki/Web_server" title="Web server">web servers</a> using <a href="/wiki/HTTP" title="HTTP">HTTP</a> requests and <a href="/wiki/POST_(HTTP)" title="POST (HTTP)">POST</a> data.<a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a> However, only websites that explicitly allow Flash to connect to them can be accessed via HTTP or <a href="/wiki/Network_socket" title="Network socket">sockets</a>, to prevent Flash being used as a tool for <a href="/wiki/Cross-site_request_forgery" title="Cross-site request forgery">cross-site request forgery</a>,<a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a> <a href="/wiki/Cross-site_scripting" title="Cross-site scripting">cross-site scripting</a>, <a href="/wiki/DNS_rebinding" title="DNS rebinding">DNS rebinding</a>,<a href="#cite_note-fp9sec-35">[35]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Denial-of-service_attack" title="Denial-of-service attack">denial-of-service attacks</a>. Websites must host a certain XML file termed a cross domain policy,<a href="#cite_note-fp9sec-35">[35]</a> allowing or denying Flash content from specific websites to connect to them. Certain websites, such as <a href="/wiki/Digg" title="Digg">Digg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Flickr" title="Flickr">Flickr</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Photobucket" title="Photobucket">Photobucket</a> already host a cross domain policy that permits Flash content to access their website via HTTP.<a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a></li> <li>RTMP: Support for live audio and video streaming using the <a href="/wiki/Real-Time_Messaging_Protocol" title="Real-Time Messaging Protocol">Real-Time Messaging Protocol</a> (RTMP) developed by <a href="/wiki/Macromedia" title="Macromedia">Macromedia</a>. RTMP supports a non-encrypted version over the <a href="/wiki/Transmission_Control_Protocol" title="Transmission Control Protocol">Transmission Control Protocol</a> (TCP) or an encrypted version over a secure <a href="/wiki/Transport_Layer_Security" title="Transport Layer Security">Transport Layer Security</a> (SSL) connection. RTMPT can also be <a href="/wiki/Encapsulation_(networking)" title="Encapsulation (networking)">encapsulated</a> within <a href="/wiki/HTTP" title="HTTP">HTTP</a> requests to traverse <a href="/wiki/Firewall_(computing)" title="Firewall (computing)">firewalls</a> that only allow HTTP traffic.</li> <li>TCP: Support for <a href="/wiki/Transmission_Control_Protocol" title="Transmission Control Protocol">Transmission Control Protocol</a> (TCP) Internet socket communication to communicate with any type of server, using <a href="/wiki/Network_socket" title="Network socket">stream sockets</a>. Sockets can be used only via <a href="/wiki/ActionScript" title="ActionScript">ActionScript</a>, and can transfer <a href="/wiki/Plain_text" title="Plain text">plain text</a>, <a href="/wiki/XML" title="XML">XML</a>, or binary data (ActionScript 3.0 or later).<a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a><a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a> To prevent security issues, web servers that permit Flash content to communicate with them using sockets must host an <a href="/wiki/XML" title="XML">XML</a>-based cross domain policy file, served on <a href="/wiki/Port_(computer_networking)" title="Port (computer networking)">Port</a> 843.<a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a> Sockets enable AS3 programs to interface with any kind of server software, such as <a href="/wiki/MySQL" title="MySQL">MySQL</a>.<a href="#cite_note-40">[40]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Performance">Performance</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Adobe_Flash_Player&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Performance">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Hardware_acceleration">Hardware acceleration</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Adobe_Flash_Player&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Hardware acceleration">edit</a>]</div> Until version 10 of the Flash player, there was no support for <a href="/wiki/Graphics_processing_unit" title="Graphics processing unit">GPU</a> acceleration. Version 10 added a limited form of support for <a href="/wiki/Shader" title="Shader">shaders</a> on materials in the form of the <a href="/wiki/Adobe_Pixel_Bender" title="Adobe Pixel Bender">Pixel Bender</a> API, but still did not have GPU-accelerated 3D vertex processing.<a href="#cite_note-Lengyel2011-41">[41]</a> A significant change came in version 11, which added a new low-level API called <a href="/wiki/Stage3D" title="Stage3D">Stage3D</a> (initially codenamed Molehill), which provides full GPU acceleration, similar to <a href="/wiki/WebGL" title="WebGL">WebGL</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Kaitila2011-42">[42]</a><a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a> (The partial support for GPU acceleration in Pixel Bender was completely removed in Flash 11.8, resulting in the disruption of some projects like MIT's <a href="/wiki/Scratch_(programming_language)" title="Scratch (programming language)">Scratch</a>, which lacked the manpower to recode their applications quickly enough.<a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a><a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a>) Current versions of Flash Player are optimized to use <a href="/wiki/Hardware_acceleration" title="Hardware acceleration">hardware acceleration</a> for video playback and 3D graphics rendering on many devices, including desktop computers. Performance is similar to <a href="/wiki/HTML_video" title="HTML video">HTML video</a> playback.<a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a><a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a> Also, Flash Player has been used on multiple mobile devices as a primary user interface renderer.<a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Compilation">Compilation</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Adobe_Flash_Player&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Compilation">edit</a>]</div> Although code written in ActionScript 3 executes up to 10 times faster than the prior ActionScript 2,<a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a> the Adobe ActionScript 3 compiler is a non-<a href="/wiki/Optimizing_compiler" title="Optimizing compiler">optimizing compiler</a>, and produces inefficient bytecode in the resulting SWF, when compared to toolkits such as <a href="/wiki/CrossBridge" title="CrossBridge">CrossBridge</a>.<a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a><a href="#cite_note-51">[51]</a><a href="#cite_note-alc1-52">[52]</a><a href="#cite_note-alc2-53">[53]</a><a href="#cite_note-alc3-54">[54]</a> <a href="/wiki/CrossBridge" title="CrossBridge">CrossBridge</a>, a toolkit that targets <a href="/wiki/C%2B%2B" title="C++">C++</a> code to run within the Flash Player, uses the <a href="/wiki/LLVM" title="LLVM">LLVM</a> compiler to produce bytecode that runs up to 10 times faster than code the ActionScript 3 compiler produces, only because the LLVM compiler uses more aggressive optimization.<a href="#cite_note-alc1-52">[52]</a><a href="#cite_note-alc2-53">[53]</a><a href="#cite_note-alc3-54">[54]</a> Adobe has released ActionScript Compiler 2 (ASC2) in Flex 4.7 and onwards, which improves compilation times and optimizes the generated bytecode and supports <a href="/wiki/Inline_expansion" title="Inline expansion">method inlining</a>, improving its performance at runtime.<a href="#cite_note-55">[55]</a> As of 2012, the <a href="/wiki/Haxe" title="Haxe">Haxe</a> multiplatform language can build programs for Flash Player that perform faster than the same application built with the Adobe Flex SDK compiler.<a href="#cite_note-56">[56]</a>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources" title="Wikipedia:Reliable sources">unreliable source?</a>] <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Development_methods">Development methods</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Adobe_Flash_Player&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Development methods">edit</a>]</div> Flash Player applications and games can be built in two significantly different methods: <ul><li>"Flex" applications: The <a href="/wiki/Apache_Flex" title="Apache Flex">Adobe Flex</a> Framework is an integrated collection of stylable <a href="/wiki/Graphical_user_interface" title="Graphical user interface">graphical user interface</a>, data manipulation and networking components, and applications built upon it are termed "Flex" applications. Startup time is reduced since the Flex framework must be downloaded before the application begins, and weighs in at approximately 500 KB. Editors include <a href="/wiki/Adobe_Flash_Builder" title="Adobe Flash Builder">Adobe Flash Builder</a> and FlashDevelop.</li> <li>"Pure ActionScript" applications: Applications built without the Flex framework allow greater flexibility and performance.<a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a><a href="#cite_note-58">[58]</a><a href="#cite_note-59">[59]</a> Video games built for Flash Player are typically pure-Actionscript projects. Various open-source component frameworks are available for pure ActionScript projects, such as MadComponents, that provide UI Components at significantly smaller SWF file sizes.<a href="#cite_note-60">[60]</a><a href="#cite_note-61">[61]</a></li></ul> In both methods, developers can access the full Flash Player set of functions, including <a href="/wiki/Text_file" title="Text file">text</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vector_graphics" title="Vector graphics">vector graphics</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bitmap" title="Bitmap">bitmap</a> graphics, <a href="/wiki/Video" title="Video">video</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sound" title="Sound">audio</a>, camera, microphone, and others. AIR also includes added features such as file system integration, native extensions, native desktop integration, and hardware integration with connected devices. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Development_tools">Development tools</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Adobe_Flash_Player&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Development tools">edit</a>]</div> Adobe provides five ways of developing applications for Flash Player: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adobe_Animate" title="Adobe Animate">Adobe Animate</a>: graphic design, animation and scripting toolset</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adobe_Flash_Builder" title="Adobe Flash Builder">Adobe Flash Builder</a>: enterprise application development and debugging</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adobe_Scout" title="Adobe Scout">Adobe Scout</a>: visual profiler for performance optimization</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apache_Flex" title="Apache Flex">Apache Flex</a>: a free <a href="/wiki/Software_development_kit" title="Software development kit">SDK</a> to compile Flash and <a href="/wiki/Adobe_AIR" title="Adobe AIR">Adobe AIR</a> applications from source code; developed by Adobe and donated to the Apache Foundation<a href="#cite_note-Adobe_donates_Flex_to_Apache-62">[62]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CrossBridge" title="CrossBridge">CrossBridge</a>: a free SDK to <a href="/wiki/Cross_compiler" title="Cross compiler">cross-compile</a> C++ code to run in Flash Player</li></ul> Third-party development environments are also available: <ul><li>FlashDevelop: an open-source Flash ActionScript IDE, which includes a debugger for AIR applications</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Powerflasher_FDT" title="Powerflasher FDT">Powerflasher FDT</a>: a commercial ActionScript IDE</li> <li>CodeDrive: an extension to <a href="/wiki/Visual_Studio" title="Visual Studio">Microsoft Visual Studio</a> <a href="/wiki/Visual_Studio#Visual_Studio_2010" title="Visual Studio">2010</a> for ActionScript 3 development and debugging</li> <li><a href="/wiki/MTASC" title="MTASC">MTASC</a>: a compiler</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haxe" title="Haxe">Haxe</a>: a multi-platform language<a href="#cite_note-63">[63]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Game_development">Game development</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Adobe_Flash_Player&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Game development">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Adobe_Gaming_SDK_v1.0_icon.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/03/Adobe_Gaming_SDK_v1.0_icon.png" decoding="async" width="110" height="110" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="110" data-file-height="110" /></a><figcaption>Adobe Gaming SDK 1.0 logo</figcaption></figure> Adobe offers the free Adobe Gaming SDK, consisting (as of August 2014<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Adobe_Flash_Player&action=edit">[update]</a>) of several open-source AS3 libraries built on the Flash Player <a href="/wiki/Stage3D" title="Stage3D">Stage3D</a> APIs for GPU-accelerated graphics:<a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Away3D" title="Away3D">Away3D</a>: GPU-accelerated 3D graphics and animation engine</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Starling_Framework" title="Starling Framework">Starling</a>: GPU-accelerated 2D graphics that mimics the Flash display list API</li> <li>Feathers: GPU-accelerated <a href="/wiki/Theme_(computing)" title="Theme (computing)">skinnable</a> <a href="/wiki/Graphical_user_interface" title="Graphical user interface">GUI</a> library built on top of Starling</li> <li>Dragon Bones: GPU-accelerated 2D <a href="/wiki/Skeletal_animation" title="Skeletal animation">skeletal animation</a> library</li></ul> A few commercial <a href="/wiki/Game_engine" title="Game engine">game engines</a> target Flash Player (Stage3D) as run-time environment, such as <a href="/wiki/Unity_(game_engine)" title="Unity (game engine)">Unity 3D</a><a href="#cite_note-Au2012-65">[65]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Unreal_Engine" title="Unreal Engine">Unreal Engine</a> 3.<a href="#cite_note-Au2012-65">[65]</a><a href="#cite_note-theverge-66">[66]</a> Before the introduction of Stage3D, a number of older 2D engines or isometric engines like <a href="/wiki/Adam_Saltsman" title="Adam Saltsman">Flixel</a> saw their heyday.<a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a> Adobe also developed the <a href="/wiki/CrossBridge" title="CrossBridge">CrossBridge</a> toolkit which <a href="/wiki/Cross_compiler" title="Cross compiler">cross-compiles</a> <a href="/wiki/C_(programming_language)" title="C (programming language)">C</a>/<a href="/wiki/C%2B%2B" title="C++">C++</a> code to run within the Flash Player, using <a href="/wiki/LLVM" title="LLVM">LLVM</a> and <a href="/wiki/GNU_Compiler_Collection" title="GNU Compiler Collection">GCC</a> as compiler backends, and high-performance <a href="/wiki/Computer_memory" title="Computer memory">memory-access</a> <a href="/wiki/Opcode" title="Opcode">opcodes</a> in the Flash Player (termed "Domain Memory") to work with in-memory data quickly.<a href="#cite_note-68">[68]</a> CrossBridge is targeted toward the <a href="/wiki/Video_game_development" title="Video game development">game development</a> industry, and includes tools for building, testing, and debugging C/C++ projects in Flash Player. Notable online video games developed in Flash include <a href="/wiki/Angry_Birds" title="Angry Birds">Angry Birds</a>, <a href="/wiki/FarmVille" title="FarmVille">FarmVille</a>, and <a href="/wiki/AdventureQuest" title="AdventureQuest">AdventureQuest</a> (started in 2002, and still active as of 2020).<a href="#cite_note-Lengyel2011b-69">[69]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Availability">Availability</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Adobe_Flash_Player&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Availability">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Desktop_platforms">Desktop platforms</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Adobe_Flash_Player&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Desktop platforms">edit</a>]</div> Adobe Flash Player is available in two major versions: <ol><li>The plugin version for use in various <a href="/wiki/Web_browser" title="Web browser">web browsers</a></li> <li>The "projector" version is a standalone player that can open <a href="/wiki/SWF" title="SWF">SWF</a> files directly.<a href="#cite_note-70">[70]</a><a href="#cite_note-:0-71">[71]</a></li></ol> On February 22, 2012, Adobe announced that it would no longer release new versions of NPAPI Flash plugins for Linux, although Flash Player 11.2 would continue to receive security updates.<a href="#cite_note-72">[72]</a><a href="#cite_note-73">[73]</a><a href="#cite_note-74">[74]</a> In August 2016, Adobe announced that, beginning with version 24, it would resume offering of Flash Player for Linux for other browsers.<a href="#cite_note-75">[75]</a> The Extended Support Release (ESR) of Flash Player on macOS and Windows was a version of Flash Player kept up to date with security updates, but none of the new features or bug fixes available in later versions. In August 2016, Adobe discontinued the ESR branch and instead focused solely on the standard release.<a href="#cite_note-76">[76]</a> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <caption>Release history for <a href="/wiki/Desktop_operating_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Desktop operating system">desktop operating systems</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Operating_system" title="Operating system">Operating system</a> </th> <th>First version </th> <th>Latest version </th> <th>Support status </th></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="5"><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Windows" title="Microsoft Windows">Windows</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Windows_XP" title="Windows XP">XP</a> or later </td> <td rowspan="5">1 </td> <td>34.0.0.321 (China-specific)<a href="#cite_note-ChinaV-77">[77]</a> 50.x (<a href="/wiki/Harman_International" title="Harman International">Harman</a> enterprise)<a href="#cite_note-IE_mode-78">[78]</a> 32.0.0.465 (last public update, excluding China)<a href="#cite_note-fpos-79">[79]</a> </td> <td>2017–present 2021–present 2001–2020 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Windows_2000" title="Windows 2000">2000</a> </td> <td>11.1.102.55 and 10.3.183.90<a href="#cite_note-dead-80">[80]</a> </td> <td>1999–2013 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Windows_98" title="Windows 98">98</a> and <a href="/wiki/Windows_Me" title="Windows Me">ME</a> </td> <td>9.0.289.0<a href="#cite_note-dead-80">[80]</a> </td> <td>1998–2011 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Windows_95" title="Windows 95">95</a> and <a href="/wiki/Windows_NT_4.0" title="Windows NT 4.0">NT 4.0</a> (IA-32) </td> <td>7.0.14.0<a href="#cite_note-dead-80">[80]</a> </td> <td>1996–2005 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Windows_3.1" title="Windows 3.1">3.1</a> </td> <td>3<a href="#cite_note-fp3-81">[81]</a> </td> <td>1996–1998 </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="7"><a href="/wiki/MacOS" title="MacOS">macOS</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/MacOS_Sierra" title="MacOS Sierra">10.12</a> or later </td> <td rowspan="7">5.0.41.0<a href="#cite_note-82">[82]</a> </td> <td>34.0.0.321 (China-specific)<a href="#cite_note-ChinaV-77">[77]</a> </td> <td>2017–present </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/OS_X_Yosemite" title="OS X Yosemite">10.10</a> or later </td> <td>50.x (<a href="/wiki/Harman_International" title="Harman International">Harman</a> enterprise)<a href="#cite_note-IE_mode-78">[78]</a> 32.0.0.465 (last public update, excluding China)<a href="#cite_note-fpos-79">[79]</a> </td> <td>2021–present 2014–2020 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/OS_X_Mavericks" title="OS X Mavericks">10.9</a> </td> <td>29.0.0.171<a href="#cite_note-dead-80">[80]</a> </td> <td>2013–2018 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mac_OS_X_Snow_Leopard" title="Mac OS X Snow Leopard">10.6</a> – <a href="/wiki/OS_X_Mountain_Lion" title="OS X Mountain Lion">10.8</a> (<a href="/wiki/IA-32" title="IA-32">IA-32</a>, <a href="/wiki/X86-64" title="X86-64">x64</a>) </td> <td>22.0.0.209<a href="#cite_note-dead-80">[80]</a> </td> <td>2009–2016 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mac_OS_X_Leopard" title="Mac OS X Leopard">10.5</a> (IA-32, x64) </td> <td>10.3.183.90<a href="#cite_note-dead-80">[80]</a> </td> <td>2007–2013 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mac_OS_X_Tiger" title="Mac OS X Tiger">10.4</a> (IA-32, PPC) – <a href="/wiki/Mac_OS_X_Leopard" title="Mac OS X Leopard">10.5</a> (PPC) </td> <td>10.1.102.64<a href="#cite_note-dead-80">[80]</a> </td> <td>2005–2011 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mac_OS_X_10.1" title="Mac OS X 10.1">10.1</a> – <a href="/wiki/Mac_OS_X_Panther" title="Mac OS X Panther">10.3</a> </td> <td>9.0.289.0<a href="#cite_note-dead-80">[80]</a> </td> <td>2001–2011 </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Classic_Mac_OS" title="Classic Mac OS">Classic Mac OS</a> </td> <td>7.6.1 – 9.2.2 (<a href="/wiki/PowerPC" title="PowerPC">PowerPC</a>) </td> <td rowspan="2">1 </td> <td>7.0.14.0<a href="#cite_note-dead-80">[80]</a> </td> <td>1996–2005 </td></tr> <tr> <td>7.6.1 – 8.1 (<a href="/wiki/Motorola_68000_series" title="Motorola 68000 series">68k</a>) </td> <td>3<a href="#cite_note-fp3-81">[81]</a> </td> <td>1996–1998 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Linux" title="Linux">Linux</a> desktops </td> <td>4.0r12<a href="#cite_note-unix-83">[83]</a><a href="#cite_note-84">[84]</a> </td> <td>50.x (<a href="/wiki/Harman_International" title="Harman International">Harman</a> enterprise)<a href="#cite_note-IE_mode-78">[78]</a> 34.0.0.137 (last public update, China-specific)<a href="#cite_note-85">[85]</a> 32.0.0.465 (last public update, excluding China)<a href="#cite_note-fpos-79">[79]</a> </td> <td>2021–present 2017–2021<a href="#cite_note-86">[86]</a> 1999–2020 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Oracle_Solaris" title="Oracle Solaris">Solaris</a> and <a href="/wiki/OpenSolaris" title="OpenSolaris">OpenSolaris</a> </td> <td>4.0r12<a href="#cite_note-unix-83">[83]</a> </td> <td>11.2.202.223 and 10.3.183.90<a href="#cite_note-dead-80">[80]</a> </td> <td>2004–2013 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/IRIX" title="IRIX">IRIX</a> </td> <td>4.0r12<a href="#cite_note-unix-83">[83]</a><a href="#cite_note-87">[87]</a> </td> <td>4.0.r12<a href="#cite_note-88">[88]</a> </td> <td>1999 </td></tr></tbody></table> Version 10 can be run under Windows 98/Me using KernelEx.<a href="#cite_note-89">[89]</a> HP offered Version 6 of the player for <a href="/wiki/HP-UX" title="HP-UX">HP-UX</a>,<a href="#cite_note-FP_alternates-90">[90]</a> while <a href="/wiki/VirtualBox" title="VirtualBox">Innotek GmbH</a> offered versions 4 and 5 for <a href="/wiki/OS/2" title="OS/2">OS/2</a>.<a href="#cite_note-91">[91]</a> Other versions of the player have been available at some point for <a href="/wiki/BeOS" title="BeOS">BeOS</a>.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mobile_platforms">Mobile platforms</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Adobe_Flash_Player&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Mobile platforms">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Adobe_Integrated_Runtime" class="mw-redirect" title="Adobe Integrated Runtime">Adobe Integrated Runtime</a> and <a href="/wiki/Adobe_Flash_Lite" title="Adobe Flash Lite">Adobe Flash Lite</a></div> In 2011, Flash Player had emerged as the de facto standard for online video publishing on the desktop, with adaptive bitrate video streaming, <a href="/wiki/Digital_rights_management" title="Digital rights management">DRM</a>, and fullscreen support.<a href="#cite_note-youtubeflash-30">[30]</a><a href="#cite_note-huluflash-31">[31]</a> On mobile devices, however, after <a href="/wiki/Apple_Inc." title="Apple Inc.">Apple</a> refused to allow the Flash Player within <a href="/wiki/IOS" title="IOS">iOS</a>'s integrated web browser, Adobe changed its strategy, enabling Flash content to be delivered as native mobile applications using the <a href="/wiki/Adobe_AIR" title="Adobe AIR">Adobe Integrated Runtime</a>. Up until 2012, Flash Player 11 was available for the <a href="/wiki/Android_(operating_system)" title="Android (operating system)">Android</a> (ARM Cortex-A8 and above),<a href="#cite_note-flashmobileblog1-92">[92]</a> although in June 2012, Google announced that Android 4.1 (codenamed <a href="/wiki/Android_version_history" title="Android version history">Jelly Bean</a>) would not support Flash by default. In August 2012, Adobe stopped updating Flash for Android.<a href="#cite_note-93">[93]</a> Flash Player was supported on a select range of mobile and tablet devices, from <a href="/wiki/Acer_Inc." title="Acer Inc.">Acer</a>, <a href="/wiki/BlackBerry_10" title="BlackBerry 10">BlackBerry 10</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dell" title="Dell">Dell</a>, <a href="/wiki/HTC" title="HTC">HTC</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lenovo" title="Lenovo">Lenovo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Logitech" title="Logitech">Logitech</a>, <a href="/wiki/LG" title="LG">LG</a>, <a href="/wiki/Motorola" title="Motorola">Motorola</a>, <a href="/wiki/Samsung" title="Samsung">Samsung</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sharp_Corporation" title="Sharp Corporation">Sharp</a>, <a href="/wiki/SoftBank_Group" title="SoftBank Group">SoftBank</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sony" title="Sony">Sony</a> (and <a href="/wiki/Sony_Mobile" title="Sony Mobile">Sony Ericsson</a>), and <a href="/wiki/Toshiba" title="Toshiba">Toshiba</a>.<a href="#cite_note-94">[94]</a><a href="#cite_note-95">[95]</a><a href="#cite_note-96">[96]</a> As of 2012, Adobe has stopped browser-based Flash Player development for mobile browsers in favor of <a href="/wiki/HTML5" title="HTML5">HTML5</a>;<a href="#cite_note-cbsnews.com-97">[97]</a><a href="#cite_note-telegraph.co.uk-98">[98]</a> however, Adobe continues to support Flash content on mobile devices with the Adobe Integrated Runtime, which allows developers to publish content that runs as native applications on certain supported mobile phone platforms. Adobe said it will optimize Flash for use on <a href="/wiki/ARM_architecture_family" title="ARM architecture family">ARM architecture</a> (ARMv7 and ARMv6 architectures used in the Cortex-A series of processors and in the ARM11 family) and release it in the second half of 2009. The company also stated it wants to enable Flash on <a href="/wiki/Tegra" title="Tegra">NVIDIA Tegra</a>, <a href="/wiki/OMAP" title="OMAP">Texas Instruments OMAP</a> 3, and Samsung ARMs.<a href="#cite_note-99">[99]</a><a href="#cite_note-100">[100]</a> Beginning 2009, it was announced that Adobe would be bringing Flash to <a href="/wiki/Television_set" title="Television set">TV sets</a> via <a href="/wiki/Intel" title="Intel">Intel</a> Media Processor CE 3100 before mid-2009.<a href="#cite_note-101">[101]</a> <a href="/wiki/Arm_Holdings" title="Arm Holdings">ARM Holdings</a> later said it welcomes the move of Flash, because "it will transform mobile applications and it removes the claim that the desktop controls the Internet."<a href="#cite_note-102">[102]</a> However, as of May 2009, the expected ARM/Linux <a href="/wiki/Netbook" title="Netbook">netbook</a> devices had poor support for Web video and fragmented software base.<a href="#cite_note-103">[103]</a> Among other devices, <a href="/wiki/LeapFrog_Enterprises" title="LeapFrog Enterprises">LeapFrog Enterprises</a> provides Flash Player with their Leapster Multimedia Learning System and extended the Flash Player with touch-screen support.<a href="#cite_note-104">[104]</a> Version 9 was the most recent version available for the Linux/<a href="/wiki/ARM_architecture_family" title="ARM architecture family">ARM</a>-based <a href="/wiki/Nokia_770_Internet_Tablet" title="Nokia 770 Internet Tablet">Nokia 770</a>/<a href="/wiki/Nokia_N800" title="Nokia N800">N800</a>/<a href="/wiki/Nokia_N810" title="Nokia N810">N810</a> Internet tablets running <a href="/wiki/Maemo" title="Maemo">Maemo</a> OS2008.<a href="#cite_note-FP_alternates-90">[90]</a> Other versions of the player have been available at some point for <a href="/wiki/Symbian" title="Symbian">Symbian OS</a> and <a href="/wiki/Palm_OS" title="Palm OS">Palm OS</a>.<a href="#cite_note-105">[105]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Kodak_EasyShare#Kodak_EasyShare-One_Series" title="Kodak EasyShare">Kodak Easyshare One</a> includes Flash Player.<a href="#cite_note-106">[106]</a> The following table documents historical support for Flash Player on <a href="/wiki/Mobile_operating_system" title="Mobile operating system">mobile operating systems</a>: <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Platform </th> <th>Final version </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Android_(operating_system)" title="Android (operating system)">Android</a> 4.0, <a href="/wiki/ARM_Cortex-A8" title="ARM Cortex-A8">ARM Cortex-A8</a>+<a href="#cite_note-flashmobileblog1-92">[92]</a> </td> <td>Flash Player 11.1.115.81<a href="#cite_note-dead-80">[80]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Android_(operating_system)" title="Android (operating system)">Android</a> 2.2–3.x, <a href="/wiki/ARM_Cortex-A8" title="ARM Cortex-A8">ARM Cortex-A8</a>+<a href="#cite_note-107">[107]</a><a href="#cite_note-flashmobileblog1-92">[92]</a> </td> <td>Flash Player 11.1.111.73<a href="#cite_note-dead-80">[80]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Dreamcast" title="Dreamcast">Dreamcast</a> </td> <td>Flash Player 4.0[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Maemo" title="Maemo">Maemo</a> </td> <td>Flash Player 9.4<a href="#cite_note-108">[108]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/PlayStation_3" title="PlayStation 3">PlayStation 3</a> with Firmware 2.50, NetFront 2.81 </td> <td>Flash Player 9.1 (update 3)<a href="#cite_note-109">[109]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/PlayStation_Portable" title="PlayStation Portable">PSP</a> with Firmware 2.70 </td> <td>Flash Player 6<a href="#cite_note-adobe.com-110">[110]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Windows_Mobile#Windows_Mobile_2003" title="Windows Mobile">Pocket PC 2003</a><a href="#cite_note-ppcwinmo-111">[111]</a> </td> <td>Flash Player 7<a href="#cite_note-ppcfp7-112">[112]</a><a href="#cite_note-113">[113]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/WebOS" title="WebOS">webOS</a> (Palm and HP) </td> <td>Flash Player 10[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Windows_Mobile_5.0" title="Windows Mobile 5.0">Windows Mobile 5</a><a href="#cite_note-ppcwinmo-111">[111]</a> </td> <td>Flash Player 7<a href="#cite_note-ppcfp7-112">[112]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_hardware">Other hardware</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Adobe_Flash_Player&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Other hardware">edit</a>]</div> Some CPU <a href="/wiki/Emulator" title="Emulator">emulators</a> have been created for Flash Player, including <a href="/wiki/CHIP-8" title="CHIP-8">Chip8</a>,<a href="#cite_note-114">[114]</a> <a href="/wiki/Commodore_64" title="Commodore 64">Commodore 64</a>,<a href="#cite_note-115">[115]</a> <a href="/wiki/ZX_Spectrum" title="ZX Spectrum">ZX Spectrum</a>,<a href="#cite_note-116">[116]</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Nintendo_Entertainment_System" title="Nintendo Entertainment System">Nintendo Entertainment System</a>.<a href="#cite_note-117">[117]</a> They enable video games created for such platforms to run within Flash Player. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="End_of_life">End of life</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Adobe_Flash_Player&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: End of life">edit</a>]</div> Adobe announced on July 25, 2017, that it would end support for the normal/global variant of Flash Player on January 1, 2021, and encouraged developers to use <a href="/wiki/HTML5" title="HTML5">HTML5</a> standards in place of Flash.<a href="#cite_note-118">[118]</a><a href="#cite_note-119">[119]</a> The announcement was coordinated with <a href="/wiki/Apple_Inc." title="Apple Inc.">Apple</a>,<a href="#cite_note-120">[120]</a> <a href="/wiki/Facebook" title="Facebook">Facebook</a>,<a href="#cite_note-121">[121]</a> <a href="/wiki/Google" title="Google">Google</a>,<a href="#cite_note-122">[122]</a> <a href="/wiki/Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a>,<a href="#cite_note-123">[123]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mozilla" title="Mozilla">Mozilla</a>.<a href="#cite_note-124">[124]</a> Adobe announced that all major web browsers planned to officially remove the Adobe Flash Player component on December 31, 2020, and Microsoft removed it from the Windows OS in January 2021 via <a href="/wiki/Windows_Update" title="Windows Update">Windows Update</a>. In a move to further reduce the number of Flash Player installations, Adobe added a "time bomb" to Flash to disable existing installations after January 12, 2021.<a href="#cite_note-125">[125]</a> In mid-2020, Flash Player started prompting users to uninstall itself.<a href="#cite_note-126">[126]</a> Adobe removed all existing download links for Flash installers.<a href="#cite_note-127">[127]</a> After January 26, 2021, all major web browsers including <a href="/wiki/Safari_(web_browser)" title="Safari (web browser)">Apple Safari</a>, <a href="/wiki/Google_Chrome" title="Google Chrome">Google Chrome</a>, <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Edge" title="Microsoft Edge">Microsoft Edge</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Firefox" title="Firefox">Mozilla Firefox</a> have already permanently removed Flash support.<a href="#cite_note-auto1-128">[128]</a> However, <a href="/wiki/Adobe_Flash" title="Adobe Flash">Flash</a> content continues to be accessible on the web through emulators such as <a href="/wiki/Ruffle_(software)" title="Ruffle (software)">Ruffle</a>, with varying degrees of compatibility and performance, although this is not endorsed by <a href="/wiki/Adobe_Inc." title="Adobe Inc.">Adobe</a>.<a href="#cite_note-129">[129]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Web_browsers">Web browsers</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Adobe_Flash_Player&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Web browsers">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Google_Chrome">Google Chrome</h5>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Adobe_Flash_Player&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Google Chrome">edit</a>]</div> Starting from Chrome 76, Flash is disabled by default without any prompts to activate Flash content.<a href="#cite_note-:1-130">[130]</a> Users who wanted to play Flash content had to manually set a browser to prompt for Flash content, and then during each browser session, enable Flash plugin for every site individually. Microsoft Edge, which is based on Chromium, followed the same plan as Google Chrome.<a href="#cite_note-131">[131]</a> Google Chrome blocked the Flash plugin as "out of date" in January 2021, and fully removed it from the browser with Chrome version 88, released on January 20, 2021.<a href="#cite_note-132">[132]</a><a href="#cite_note-133">[133]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Mozilla_Firefox">Mozilla Firefox</h5>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Adobe_Flash_Player&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Mozilla Firefox">edit</a>]</div> Starting with Firefox 85,<a href="#cite_note-:1-130">[130]</a> Flash is disabled by default without any prompts to activate Flash content. To play Flash content, users had to manually set a browser to prompt for Flash content, and then during each browser session enable Flash plugin for every site individually. Firefox 85, released on January 26, 2021, completely removed support for the Flash plugin.<a href="#cite_note-auto1-128">[128]</a> <a href="/wiki/Firefox" title="Firefox">Firefox ESR</a> dropped support on November 2, 2021 (Firefox 78 ESR was the last version with support).<a href="#cite_note-Firefox_ESR-134">[134]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Microsoft_Windows">Microsoft Windows</h5>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Adobe_Flash_Player&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Microsoft Windows">edit</a>]</div> On October 27, 2020, Microsoft released an update (named KB4577586) for Windows 10 and 8.1 which removes the embedded Adobe Flash Player component from <a href="/wiki/Internet_Explorer_11" title="Internet Explorer 11">IE11</a> and <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Edge#Edge_Legacy_(2014–2019)" title="Microsoft Edge">Edge Legacy</a>. In July 2021, this update was automatically installed as a security patch.<a href="#cite_note-auto2-135">[135]</a><a href="#cite_note-auto3-136">[136]</a> However, an <a href="/wiki/ActiveX" title="ActiveX">ActiveX</a> Flash Player plugin may still be used with IE after this update is applied.<a href="#cite_note-About_(CN)-137">[137]</a><a href="#cite_note-Install_Packages_(CN)-138">[138]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Apple_Safari">Apple Safari</h5>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Adobe_Flash_Player&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Apple Safari">edit</a>]</div> Apple dropped Flash Player support from Safari 14 alongside the release of <a href="/wiki/MacOS_Big_Sur" title="MacOS Big Sur">macOS Big Sur</a>.<a href="#cite_note-dropped_in_Safari/macOS-139">[139]</a><a href="#cite_note-flash-140">[140]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Fallout">Fallout</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Adobe_Flash_Player&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Fallout">edit</a>]</div> Despite the years of notice, several websites still were using Flash following December 31, 2020, including the <a href="/wiki/U.S._Securities_and_Exchange_Commission" title="U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission">U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission</a>. Many of these were resolved in the weeks after the deadline. However, many educational institutions still relied on Flash for educational material and did not have a path forward for replacement.<a href="#cite_note-141">[141]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Post-EOL_support">Post-EOL support</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Adobe_Flash_Player&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Post-EOL support">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Mainland_China">Mainland China</h5>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Adobe_Flash_Player&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Mainland China">edit</a>]</div> <a href="#Mainland_China–specific_variant">The China-specific variant of Flash</a> is still supported, by a company known as Zhongcheng.<a href="#cite_note-142">[142]</a><a href="#cite_note-143">[143]</a> The Projector (standalone) versions of this variant also work outside of China and do not include the "Flash Helper Service"; however, some tracking code still seems to be present. They are available on a somewhat hidden "Debug" page.<a href="#cite_note-China_Debug-144">[144]</a> In addition, as the global variant of the plugin was discontinued, some users have figured how to modify and repack the China-specific variant to bring it more in line with the global variant. This includes removing the "Flash Helper Service" and removing the China only installation restriction, along with all other geo-restrictions and tracking code. A "time bomb," similar to the one found in later versions of the global variant, is also present in the unmodified China variant; this is also removed in most repacks. In theory, these repacks should provide users outside of China with the latest security updates to Flash Player, without having to deal with invasive advertisements or worry about privacy risks.<a href="#cite_note-145">[145]</a> One such project, "Clean Flash Installer," was served a <a href="/wiki/Online_Copyright_Infringement_Liability_Limitation_Act#Notice_from_copyright_owner" title="Online Copyright Infringement Liability Limitation Act">DMCA takedown</a> from Adobe in October 2021.<a href="#cite_note-146">[146]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Enterprise">Enterprise</h5>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Adobe_Flash_Player&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Enterprise">edit</a>]</div> Adobe has partnered with <a href="/wiki/Harman_International" title="Harman International">Harman</a> to support enterprise Flash Player users until at least 2023.<a href="#cite_note-147">[147]</a><a href="#cite_note-148">[148]</a> The Harman Flash player variant is labeled as version 50.x, to avoid confusion with other variants.<a href="#cite_note-IE_mode-78">[78]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Web_browsers_2">Web browsers</h5>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Adobe_Flash_Player&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Web browsers">edit</a>]</div> Internet Explorer 11, along with IE mode in <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Edge" title="Microsoft Edge">Edge</a>,<a href="#cite_note-IE_mode-78">[78]</a> will continue with ActiveX support, and by extension Flash Player support.<a href="#cite_note-Install_Packages_(CN)-138">[138]</a> Firefox <a href="/wiki/Fork_(software_development)" title="Fork (software development)">forks</a> that plan to continue <a href="/wiki/NPAPI" title="NPAPI">NPAPI</a> support, and by extension Flash Player support, include <a href="/wiki/Basilisk_(web_browser)" title="Basilisk (web browser)">Basilisk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pale_Moon" title="Pale Moon">Pale Moon</a>, <a href="/wiki/K-Meleon" title="K-Meleon">K-Meleon</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Waterfox" title="Waterfox">Waterfox Classic</a>. Various <a href="/wiki/Chromium_(web_browser)" title="Chromium (web browser)">Chromium</a>-based Chinese browsers will also continue to support Flash Player in <a href="/wiki/PPAPI" class="mw-redirect" title="PPAPI">PPAPI</a> and/or NPAPI form, including, but not limited to, <a href="/wiki/360_Secure_Browser" title="360 Secure Browser">360 Secure Browser</a>.<a href="#cite_note-About_(CN)-137">[137]</a> Shortly after Flash reached end-of-life, <a href="/wiki/South_African_Revenue_Service" title="South African Revenue Service">South African Revenue Service</a> (SARS) released a custom version of the Chromium browser with the Adobe Flash Player "time bomb" removed. This browser can access only a small set of SARS online pages containing Flash-based forms required for filing financial reports.<a href="#cite_note-149">[149]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Adobe_Flash_Player_Projector">Adobe Flash Player Projector</h5>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Adobe_Flash_Player&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Adobe Flash Player Projector">edit</a>]</div> Although no longer available directly from Adobe, all versions of Adobe Flash Player Projector (also known as Adobe Flash Player Standalone) lack the "time bomb" present in the newer plug-in variants, and thus continue to be able to play all supported Flash <a href="/wiki/File_format" title="File format">file formats</a>, including <a href="/wiki/SWF" title="SWF">SWF</a> files, without modification.<a href="#cite_note-150">[150]</a><a href="#cite_note-:0-71">[71]</a><a href="#cite_note-China_Debug-144">[144]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Content_preservation_projects">Content preservation projects</h5>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Adobe_Flash_Player&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Content preservation projects">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Adobe_Flash#Content_preservation_projects" title="Adobe Flash">Adobe Flash § Content preservation projects</a></div> The <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a> hosts some Flash content and makes it playable in modern browsers via the <a href="/wiki/Ruffle_(software)" title="Ruffle (software)">Ruffle</a> emulator integrated within its Emularity system.<a href="#cite_note-151">[151]</a> Other emulators, such as CheerpX, also exist as options for Flash Player emulation on other websites.<a href="#cite_note-152">[152]</a> <a href="/wiki/Flashpoint_Archive" title="Flashpoint Archive">BlueMaxima's Flashpoint</a> project claims to have collected more than 38,000 Adobe Flash Player games and animations and made them available for download.<a href="#cite_note-153">[153]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Open_source">Open source</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Adobe_Flash_Player&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Open source">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Adobe_Flash#Open_Source" title="Adobe Flash">Adobe Flash § Open Source</a></div> Adobe has released some components of Adobe Flash products as open source software via Open Screen Project or donated them to open source organizations. As of 2021, most of these technologies are considered obsolete. This includes: <a href="/wiki/Tamarin_(software)" title="Tamarin (software)">ActionScript Virtual Machine 2</a> (AVM2) which implements <a href="/wiki/ActionScript#Timeline_by_ActionScript_version" title="ActionScript">ActionScript 3</a> (donated as open-source to <a href="/wiki/Mozilla_Foundation" title="Mozilla Foundation">Mozilla Foundation</a>), <a href="/wiki/Apache_Flex" title="Apache Flex">Adobe Flex Framework</a> (donated as open-source to the <a href="/wiki/The_Apache_Software_Foundation" title="The Apache Software Foundation">Apache Software Foundation</a> and rebranded as <a href="/wiki/Apache_Flex" title="Apache Flex">Apache Flex</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Adobe_donates_Flex_to_Apache-62">[62]</a> superseded by Apache Royale), <a href="/wiki/CrossBridge" title="CrossBridge">CrossBridge</a> C++ <a href="/wiki/Cross_compiler" title="Cross compiler">cross-compilation</a> toolset (released on <a href="/wiki/GitHub" title="GitHub">GitHub</a>).<a href="#cite_note-labsblog4-154">[154]</a><a href="#cite_note-155">[155]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Criticism">Criticism</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Adobe_Flash_Player&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Criticism">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Accessibility_and_usability">Accessibility and usability</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Adobe_Flash_Player&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Accessibility and usability">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Adobe_Flash#Accessibility_and_usability" title="Adobe Flash">Adobe Flash § Accessibility and usability</a></div> In some browsers, prior Flash versions have had to be uninstalled before an updated version could be installed.<a href="#cite_note-156">[156]</a><a href="#cite_note-157">[157]</a> However, as of version 11.2 for Windows, there are now automatic updater options.<a href="#cite_note-auto-158">[158]</a> Linux is partially supported, as Adobe is cooperating with Google to implement it via Chrome web browser on all Linux platforms.<a href="#cite_note-Linux-159">[159]</a> Mixing Flash applications with HTML leads to inconsistent input handling leading to poor user experience with the site (keyboard and mouse not working as they would in an HTML-only document).[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Privacy">Privacy</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Adobe_Flash_Player&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Privacy">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Adobe_Flash#Flash_cookies" title="Adobe Flash">Adobe Flash § Flash cookies</a></div> Flash Player supports persistent local storage of data (also referred to as <a href="/wiki/Local_shared_object" title="Local shared object">Local Shared Objects</a>), which can be used similarly to <a href="/wiki/HTTP_cookie" title="HTTP cookie">HTTP cookies</a> or <a href="/wiki/Web_storage" title="Web storage">Web Storage</a> in <a href="/wiki/Web_application" title="Web application">web applications</a>. Local storage in Flash Player allows websites to store non-executable data on a user's computer, such as authentication information, game high scores or web browser games, server-based session identifiers, site preferences, saved work, or temporary files. Flash Player will only allow content originating from exactly the same website <a href="/wiki/Domain_name" title="Domain name">domain</a> to access data saved in local storage.<a href="#cite_note-160">[160]</a> Because local storage can be used to save information on a computer that is later retrieved by the same site, a site can use it to gather user statistics, similar to how HTTP cookies and Web Storage can be used. With such technologies, the possibility of building a profile based on user statistics is considered by some a potential <a href="/wiki/Internet_privacy" title="Internet privacy">privacy concern</a>. Users can disable or restrict use of local storage in Flash Player through a "Settings Manager" page.<a href="#cite_note-FlashSettings-161">[161]</a><a href="#cite_note-162">[162]</a> These settings can be accessed from the Adobe website or by right-clicking on Flash-based content and selecting "Global Settings". Local storage can be disabled entirely or on a site-by-site basis. Disabling local storage will block any content from saving local user information using Flash Player, but this may disable or reduce the functionality of some websites, such as saved preferences or high scores and saved progress in games. Flash Player 10.1 and upward honor the <a href="/wiki/Private_browsing" title="Private browsing">privacy mode</a> settings in the latest versions of the Chrome, Firefox, Internet Explorer, and Safari web browsers, such that no local storage data is saved when the browser's privacy mode is in use.<a href="#cite_note-163">[163]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Security">Security</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Adobe_Flash_Player&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Security">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Adobe_Flash#Security" title="Adobe Flash">Adobe Flash § Security</a></div> Adobe security bulletins and advisories announce security updates, but Adobe Flash Player release notes do not disclose the security issues addressed when a release closes security holes, making it difficult to evaluate the urgency of a particular update. A version test page allows the user to check if the latest version is installed, and <a href="/wiki/Uninstaller" title="Uninstaller">uninstallers</a> may be used to ensure that old-version plugins have been uninstalled from all installed browsers. In February 2010, Adobe officially apologized<a href="#cite_note-164">[164]</a> for not fixing a known vulnerability for over a year. In June 2010 Adobe announced a "critical vulnerability" in recent versions, saying there are reports that this vulnerability is being actively exploited in the wild against both Adobe Flash Player, and Adobe Reader and Acrobat.<a href="#cite_note-165">[165]</a><a href="#cite_note-166">[166]</a> Later, in October 2010, Adobe announced<a href="#cite_note-167">[167]</a> another critical vulnerability, this time also affecting <a href="/wiki/Android_(operating_system)" title="Android (operating system)">Android</a>-based mobile devices. Android users have been recommended to disable Flash or make it only on demand.<a href="#cite_note-168">[168]</a> Subsequent security vulnerabilities also exposed Android users, such as the two critical vulnerabilities published in February 2013<a href="#cite_note-169">[169]</a> or the four critical vulnerabilities published in March 2013,<a href="#cite_note-170">[170]</a> all of which could lead to arbitrary code execution. <a href="/wiki/Gen_Digital" title="Gen Digital">Symantec</a>'s Internet Security Threat Report<a href="#cite_note-171">[171]</a> states that a <a href="/wiki/Arbitrary_code_execution" title="Arbitrary code execution">remote code execution</a> in <a href="/wiki/Adobe_Acrobat" title="Adobe Acrobat">Adobe Reader</a> and Flash Player<a href="#cite_note-172">[172]</a> was the second most attacked vulnerability in 2009. The same report also recommended using <a href="/wiki/Browser_extension" title="Browser extension">browser extensions</a> to disable Flash Player usage on untrusted websites. <a href="/wiki/McAfee" title="McAfee">McAfee</a> predicted that Adobe software, especially Reader and Flash, would be primary target for attacks in 2010.<a href="#cite_note-173">[173]</a> Adobe applications had become, at least at some point, the most popular client-software targets for attackers during the last quarter of 2009.<a href="#cite_note-174">[174]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Kaspersky_Lab" title="Kaspersky Lab">Kaspersky</a> Security Network published statistics for the third quarter of 2012 showing that 47.5% of its users were affected by one or more critical vulnerabilities.<a href="#cite_note-ksn-q312-report-175">[175]</a> The report also highlighted that "Flash Player vulnerabilities enable cybercriminals to bypass security systems integrated into the application."<a href="#cite_note-ksn-q312-report-175">[175]</a> Steve Jobs criticized the security of Flash Player, noting that "Symantec recently highlighted Flash for having one of the worst security records in 2009."<a href="#cite_note-thoughtsonflash-176">[176]</a> Adobe responded by pointing out that "the Symantec Global Internet Threat Report for 2009, found that Flash Player had the second lowest number of vulnerabilities of all Internet technologies listed (which included both web plug-ins and browsers)."<a href="#cite_note-177">[177]</a><a href="#cite_note-178">[178]</a> On April 7, 2016, Adobe released a Flash Player patch for a <a href="/wiki/Zero-day_vulnerability" title="Zero-day vulnerability">zero-day</a> memory corruption vulnerability <a href="/wiki/CVE_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="CVE (identifier)">CVE</a>-<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-1019">2016-1019</a> that could be used to deliver <a href="/wiki/Malware" title="Malware">malware</a> via the Magnitude exploit kit. The vulnerability could be exploited for <a href="/wiki/Arbitrary_code_execution" title="Arbitrary code execution">remote code execution</a>.<a href="#cite_note-179">[179]</a><a href="#cite_note-180">[180]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Vendor_lock-in">Vendor lock-in</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Adobe_Flash_Player&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Vendor lock-in">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Adobe_Flash#Vendor_lock-in" title="Adobe Flash">Adobe Flash § Vendor lock-in</a></div> Flash Player 11.2 does not play certain kinds of content unless it has been digitally signed by Adobe, following a license obtained by the publisher directly from Adobe.<a href="#cite_note-181">[181]</a> This move by Adobe, together with the abandonment of Flex to Apache was criticized as a way to lock out independent tool developers, in favor of Adobe's commercial tools.<a href="#cite_note-182">[182]</a><a href="#cite_note-183">[183]</a><a href="#cite_note-184">[184]</a> This has been resolved as of January 2013, after Adobe no longer requires a license or royalty from the developer. All premium features are now classified as general availability, and can be freely used by Flash applications.<a href="#cite_note-185">[185]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Apple_controversy">Apple controversy</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Adobe_Flash_Player&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Apple controversy">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Thoughts_on_Flash" title="Thoughts on Flash">Thoughts on Flash</a></div> In April 2010, <a href="/wiki/Steve_Jobs" title="Steve Jobs">Steve Jobs</a>, at the time CEO of <a href="/wiki/Apple_Inc." title="Apple Inc.">Apple Inc.</a> published an open letter explaining why Apple would not support Flash on the <a href="/wiki/IPhone" title="IPhone">iPhone</a>, <a href="/wiki/IPod_Touch" title="IPod Touch">iPod Touch</a>, and <a href="/wiki/IPad" title="IPad">iPad</a>.<a href="#cite_note-thoughtsonflash-176">[176]</a> In the letter he blamed problems with the "openness", stability, security, performance, and <a href="/wiki/Touchscreen" title="Touchscreen">touchscreen</a> integration of the Flash Player as reasons for refusing to support it. He also claimed that when one of Apple's <a href="/wiki/Mac_(computer)" title="Mac (computer)">Macintosh</a> computers crashes, "more often than not" the cause can be attributed to Flash, and described Flash as "buggy".<a href="#cite_note-186">[186]</a> Adobe's CEO <a href="/wiki/Shantanu_Narayen" title="Shantanu Narayen">Shantanu Narayen</a> responded by saying, "If Flash [is] the number one reason that Macs crash, which I'm not aware of, it has as much to do with the Apple operating system."<a href="#cite_note-187">[187]</a> Steve Jobs also claimed that a large percentage of the video on the Internet is supported on iOS, since many popular video sharing websites such as YouTube have published video content in an <a href="/wiki/HTML5" title="HTML5">HTML5</a> compatible format, enabling videos to playback in mobile web browsers even without Flash Player.<a href="#cite_note-188">[188]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mainland_China–specific_variant">Mainland China–specific variant</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Adobe_Flash_Player&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Mainland China–specific variant">edit</a>]</div> Starting with version 30, Adobe stopped distributing Flash Player directly to users from mainland China. Instead, they selected 2144.cn as a partner and released a special variant of Flash Player on a specific website,<a href="#cite_note-189">[189]</a> which contains a non-closable process, known as the "Flash Helper Service", that <a href="/wiki/Spyware" title="Spyware">collects private information</a> and <a href="/wiki/Adware" title="Adware">pops up advertisement window contents</a>,<a href="#cite_note-190">[190]</a> by receiving and running encrypted programs from a remote server.<a href="#cite_note-191">[191]</a> The partnership started in about 2017, but in version 30, Adobe disabled the usage of vanilla (global) variant of Flash Player in mainland China,<a href="#cite_note-192">[192]</a> forcing users to use that specific variant, which may pose a risk to its users due to <a href="/wiki/Internet_censorship_in_China" title="Internet censorship in China">Internet censorship</a> by the <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Chinese Communist Party">Chinese Communist Party</a> (CCP).<a href="#cite_note-193">[193]</a> This only affected Chinese <a href="/wiki/Chromium_(web_browser)" title="Chromium (web browser)">Chromium</a> based browser users, <a href="/wiki/Firefox" title="Firefox">Firefox</a> users, and <a href="/wiki/Internet_Explorer" title="Internet Explorer">Internet Explorer</a> users using <a href="/wiki/Windows_7" title="Windows 7">Windows 7</a> and below, as Microsoft still directly distributed Flash Player for Internet Explorer and <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Edge" title="Microsoft Edge">Microsoft Edge</a> through <a href="/wiki/Windows_Update" title="Windows Update">Windows Update</a> in Windows 8 and upward at the time. <a href="#Post-EOL_support">Starting in 2021</a>, however, this variant is the only publicly supported version of Flash Player. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Release_history">Release history</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Adobe_Flash_Player&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: Release history">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1214851843">.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{box-sizing:border-box;width:100%;padding:5px;border:none;font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .hidden-title{font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .hidden-content{text-align:left}@media all and (max-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{width:auto!important;clear:none!important;float:none!important}}</style><div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="border:solid 1px #aaa;"><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style=""><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">Adobe Flash Player version history</div></div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style=""> <ul><li>FutureSplash Player 1.1<a href="#cite_note-194">[194]</a> <ul><li>New scripting features</li> <li>Option to disable the menu and memory management optimizations</li></ul></li> <li>Macromedia Flash Player 2 (June 17, 1997) <ul><li>Mostly vectors and motion, some <a href="/wiki/Bitmap" title="Bitmap">bitmaps</a>, limited audio</li> <li>Support of stereo sound, enhanced bitmap integration, buttons, the Library, and the ability to <a href="/wiki/Inbetweening" title="Inbetweening">tween</a> color changes</li></ul></li> <li>Macromedia Flash Player 3 (May 31, 1998) <ul><li>Added alpha transparency, licensed MP3 compression</li> <li>Brought improvements to animation, playback, digital art, and publishing, as well as the introduction of simple script commands for interactivity</li></ul></li> <li>Macromedia Flash Player 4 (June 15, 1999) <ul><li>Saw the introduction of <a href="/wiki/Streaming_media" title="Streaming media">streaming</a> MP3s and the Motion Tween. Initially, the Flash Player plug-in was not bundled with popular web browsers and users had to visit Macromedia website to download it. As of 2000, however, the Flash Player was already being distributed with all <a href="/wiki/AOL" title="AOL">AOL</a>, <a href="/wiki/Netscape" title="Netscape">Netscape</a> and <a href="/wiki/Internet_Explorer" title="Internet Explorer">Internet Explorer</a> browsers. Two years later it shipped with all releases of <a href="/wiki/Windows_XP" title="Windows XP">Windows XP</a>. The install-base of the Flash Player reached 92 percent of all Internet users.</li></ul></li> <li>Macromedia Flash Player 5 (August 24, 2000) <ul><li>A major advance in ability, with the evolution of Flash's scripting abilities as released as ActionScript</li> <li>Saw the ability to customize the authoring environment's <a href="/wiki/User_interface" title="User interface">interface</a></li> <li>Macromedia Generator was the first initiative from Macromedia to separate design from content in Flash files. Generator 2.0 was released in April 2001, and featured real-time server-side generation of Flash content in its Enterprise Edition. Generator was discontinued in 2002, in favor of new technologies such as Flash Remoting, which allows for seamless transmission of data between the server and the client, and <a href="/wiki/Adobe_ColdFusion" title="Adobe ColdFusion">ColdFusion</a> Server.</li> <li>In October 2000, <a href="/wiki/Usability" title="Usability">usability</a> guru <a href="/wiki/Jakob_Nielsen_(usability_consultant)" title="Jakob Nielsen (usability consultant)">Jakob Nielsen</a> wrote a polemic article regarding usability of Flash content entitled "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.useit.com/alertbox/20001029.html">Flash: 99% Bad</a>". (Macromedia later hired Nielsen to help them improve Flash usability.)</li></ul></li></ul> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Flash_logo.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a2/Flash_logo.PNG" decoding="async" width="200" height="60" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="60" /></a><figcaption>The old Macromedia Flash Player logo</figcaption></figure> <ul><li>Macromedia Flash Player 6 (version 6.0.21.0, codenamed <a href="/wiki/Exorcist" title="Exorcist">Exorcist</a>) (March 15, 2002) <ul><li>Support for the consuming Flash Remoting (<a href="/wiki/Action_Message_Format" title="Action Message Format">AMF</a>) and Web Service (SOAP)</li> <li>Supports ondemand/live audio and video streaming (<a href="/wiki/Real-Time_Messaging_Protocol" title="Real-Time Messaging Protocol">RTMP</a>)</li> <li>Support for screenreaders via Microsoft Active Accessibility</li> <li>Added <a href="/wiki/Sorenson_Media#Encoding_technologies" title="Sorenson Media">Sorenson Spark</a> video <a href="/wiki/Codec" title="Codec">codec</a> for <a href="/wiki/Flash_Video" title="Flash Video">Flash Video</a><a href="#cite_note-195">[195]</a></li> <li>Support for video, application components, shared libraries, and accessibility</li> <li>Macromedia Flash Communication Server MX, also released in 2002, allowed video to be streamed to Flash Player 6 (otherwise the video could be embedded into the Flash movie).</li></ul></li> <li>Macromedia Flash Player 7 (version 7.0.14.0, codenamed Mojo) (September 10, 2003) <ul><li>Supports progressive audio and video streaming (<a href="/wiki/HTTP" title="HTTP">HTTP</a>)</li> <li>Supports ActionScript 2.0, an object-oriented programming language for developers</li> <li>Ability to create charts, graphs and additional text effects with the new support for extensions (sold separately), high fidelity import of <a href="/wiki/PDF" title="PDF">PDF</a> and <a href="/wiki/Adobe_Illustrator" title="Adobe Illustrator">Adobe Illustrator</a> 10 files, mobile and device development and a forms-based development environment. ActionScript 2.0 was also introduced, giving developers a formal object-oriented approach to ActionScript. V2 Components replaced Flash MX's components, being rewritten from the ground up to take advantage of ActionScript 2.0 and object-oriented principles.</li> <li>In 2004, the "Flash Platform" was introduced. This expanded Flash to more than the Flash authoring tool. <a href="/wiki/Apache_Flex" title="Apache Flex">Flex</a> 1.0 and <a href="/wiki/Adobe_Connect" title="Adobe Connect">Breeze</a> 1.0 were released, both of which used the Flash Player as a delivery method but relied on tools other than the Flash authoring program to create Flash applications and presentations. Flash Lite 1.1 was also released, enabling mobile phones to play Flash content.</li> <li>Last version for Windows 95/NT4 and Mac Classic<a href="#cite_note-dead-80">[80]</a></li></ul></li> <li>Macromedia Flash Player 8 (version 8.0.22.0, codenamed <a href="/wiki/Whirlpool" title="Whirlpool">Maelstrom</a>) (September 13, 2005) <ul><li>Support for runtime loading of GIF and PNG images</li> <li>New video codec (<a href="/wiki/On2_Technologies" title="On2 Technologies">On2</a> <a href="/wiki/VP6" title="VP6">VP6</a>)</li> <li>Improved runtime performance and runtime bitmap caching</li> <li>Live filters and blendmodes</li> <li>File upload and download abilities</li> <li>New text-rendering engine, the <a href="/wiki/Saffron_Type_System" title="Saffron Type System">Saffron Type System</a></li> <li>ExternalAPI subsystem introduced to replace fscommand</li> <li>On December 3, 2005, Adobe Systems acquired Macromedia and its product portfolio (including Flash).<a href="#cite_note-196">[196]</a></li></ul></li> <li>Macromedia Flash Player 8 (version 8.0.24.0) (April 23, 2006)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 9 (version 9.0.15.0, codenamed <a href="/wiki/Zaphod_Beeblebrox" title="Zaphod Beeblebrox">Zaphod</a> and formerly named Flash Player 8.5) (June 22, 2006) <ul><li>Introduction of <a href="/wiki/Tamarin_(software)" title="Tamarin (software)">ActionScript Virtual Machine 2</a> (AVM2) with AVM1 retained for compatibility</li> <li>ActionScript 3 (a superset of <a href="/wiki/ECMAScript" title="ECMAScript">ECMAScript 3</a>) via AVM2</li> <li><a href="/wiki/ECMAScript_for_XML" title="ECMAScript for XML">E4X</a>, which is a new approach to parsing XML</li> <li>Support for binary <a href="/wiki/Network_socket" title="Network socket">sockets</a></li> <li>Support for <a href="/wiki/Regular_expression" title="Regular expression">regular expressions</a> and namespaces</li> <li>AVM2 donated to <a href="/wiki/Mozilla_Foundation" title="Mozilla Foundation">Mozilla Foundation</a> as open-source virtual machine named <a href="/wiki/Tamarin_(software)" title="Tamarin (software)">Tamarin</a></li></ul></li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 9 Update 1 (version 9.0.28.0, codenamed <a href="/wiki/Marvin_the_Paranoid_Android" title="Marvin the Paranoid Android">Marvin</a>) (November 9, 2006)<a href="#cite_note-197">[197]</a> <ul><li>Support for fullscreen mode<a href="#cite_note-198">[198]</a></li></ul></li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 9 (version 9.0.45.0) (March 27, 2007) <ul><li>Support for Creative Suite 3.</li></ul></li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 9 Update 2 (version Mac/Windows 9.0.47.0 and Linux 9.0.48.0, codenamed <a href="/wiki/List_of_The_Hitchhiker%27s_Guide_to_the_Galaxy_characters#Hotblack_Desiato" title="List of The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy characters">Hotblack</a>) (June 11, 2007) <ul><li>Security update</li></ul></li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 9 Update 3 (version 9.0.115.0, codenamed Moviestar or Frogstar) (December 2007)<a href="#cite_note-199">[199]</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Advanced_Video_Coding" title="Advanced Video Coding">H.264</a><a href="#cite_note-200">[200]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Advanced_Audio_Coding" title="Advanced Audio Coding">AAC</a> (<a href="/wiki/High-Efficiency_Advanced_Audio_Coding" title="High-Efficiency Advanced Audio Coding">HE-AAC</a>, AAC Main Profile, and AAC-LC)</li> <li>New Flash Video file format F4V based on the <a href="/wiki/ISO_base_media_file_format" title="ISO base media file format">ISO base media file format</a> (MPEG-4 Part 12)</li> <li>Support for container formats based on the ISO base media file format<a href="#cite_note-adobe-codecs-201">[201]</a></li> <li>Last version for Windows 98/ME and other platforms<a href="#cite_note-dead-80">[80]</a></li></ul></li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 10 (version 10.0.12.36, codenamed Astro) (October 15, 2008) <ul><li>New features <ul><li>3D object transformations</li> <li>Custom filters via Pixel Bender</li> <li>Advanced text support</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Speex" title="Speex">Speex</a> audio codec</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Real-Time_Media_Flow_Protocol" title="Real-Time Media Flow Protocol">Real Time Media Flow Protocol</a> (RTMFP)</li> <li>Dynamic sound generation</li> <li>Vector data type</li></ul></li> <li>Enhanced features <ul><li>Larger bitmap support</li> <li>Graphics drawing API</li> <li>Context menu</li> <li>Hardware acceleration</li> <li>Anti-aliasing engine (Saffron 3.1)</li> <li>Read/write clipboard access</li> <li>WMODE</li></ul></li></ul></li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 10 (version 10.0.32.18) (July 27, 2009)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 10 (version 10.0.42.34) (November 16, 2009)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 10 (version 10.0.45.2) (February 21, 2010)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 10.1 (version 10.1.53.64, codenamed <a href="/wiki/Argo" title="Argo">Argo</a>) (June 10, 2010)<a href="#cite_note-202">[202]</a> <ul><li>Reuse of bitmap data copies for better memory management</li> <li>Improved garbage collector</li> <li>Hardware-based H.264 video decoding</li> <li>HTTP Dynamic Streaming</li> <li>Peer-assisted networking and multicast</li> <li>Support for browser <a href="/wiki/Private_browsing" title="Private browsing">privacy modes</a></li> <li>Multi-touch APIs</li> <li>For Macs/OSX 10.4 ppc or later <ul><li>Using Cocoa UI for Macs</li> <li>Use of double-buffered OpenGL context for fullscreen</li> <li>Use of Core Animation</li></ul></li></ul></li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 10.2 (version 10.2.152.26, codenamed Spicy) (February 8, 2011) <ul><li>Stage Video, a full hardware-accelerated video pipeline</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_Explorer_9" title="Internet Explorer 9">Internet Explorer 9</a> hardware-accelerated rendering support</li> <li>Custom native mouse cursors</li> <li>Multiple monitor fullscreen support</li> <li>Enhanced <a href="/wiki/Subpixel_rendering" title="Subpixel rendering">subpixel rendering</a> for text</li></ul></li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 10.2 (version 10.2.152.32) (February 28, 2011)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 10.2 (version 10.2.153.1) (March 21, 2011)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 10.2 (version 10.2.159.1) (April 15, 2011)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 10.3 (version 10.3.181.14, codenamed <a href="/wiki/Wasabi" title="Wasabi">Wasabi</a>) (May 12, 2011)<a href="#cite_note-203">[203]</a> <ul><li>Media measurement (video analytics for websites; desktop only)</li> <li>Acoustic Echo Cancellation (acoustic echo cancellation, noise suppression, voice activity detection, automatic compensation for microphone input levels; desktop only)</li> <li>Integration with browser privacy controls for managing local storage (ClearSiteData NPAPI)</li> <li>Native control panel</li> <li>Auto-update notification for Mac OS X</li> <li>Last version for Mac OS X 10.5<a href="#cite_note-dead-80">[80]</a> and Windows 2000 (unofficially bypassing the XP installer)</li> <li>Adobe replaced Extended Support Release 10.3 by 11.7 on July 9, 2013.<a href="#cite_note-esr-204">[204]</a></li></ul></li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 10.3 (version 10.3.181.23) (June 5, 2011)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 10.3 (version 10.3.181.26) (June 14, 2011)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 10.3 (version 10.3.181.34) (June 29, 2011)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 10.3 (version 10.3.183.5) (August 14, 2011)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 10.3 (version 10.3.183.7) (August 24, 2011)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 10.3 (version 10.3.183.10) (September 21, 2011)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 10.3 (version 10.3.183.11) (November 11, 2011)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 10.3 (version 10.3.183.25) (September 18, 2012)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 10.3 (version 10.3.183.29) (October 8, 2012)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 11 (version 11.0.1.152, codenamed <a href="/wiki/Serrano_pepper" title="Serrano pepper">Serrano</a>) (October 4, 2011)<a href="#cite_note-205">[205]</a> <ul><li>Desktop only <ul><li>Stage 3D accelerated graphics rendering<a href="#cite_note-206">[206]</a> <ul><li>Desktop: Windows (<a href="/wiki/DirectX" title="DirectX">DirectX</a> 9), OS X (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Intel_processors" title="List of Intel processors">Intel processor</a> only) and Linux (<a href="/wiki/OpenGL" title="OpenGL">OpenGL</a> 1.3), <a href="/wiki/Findev#SwiftShader" title="Findev">SwiftShader</a> fallback</li> <li>Mobile: Android and iOS (<a href="/wiki/OpenGL_ES" title="OpenGL ES">OpenGL ES</a> 2)</li></ul></li> <li>H.264/AVC software encoding for cameras</li> <li>Native 64-bit</li> <li>Asynchronous bitmap decoding</li> <li>TLS secure sockets</li></ul></li> <li>Desktop and mobile <ul><li>Stage Video hardware acceleration</li> <li>Native extension libraries<a href="#cite_note-207">[207]</a> <ul><li>Desktop: Windows (.dll), OS X (.framework)</li> <li>Mobile: Android (.jar, .so), iOS (.a)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JPEG_XR" title="JPEG XR">JPEG XR</a> decoding</li> <li><a href="/wiki/G.711" title="G.711">G.711</a> audio compression for telephony</li> <li>Protected HTTP Dynamic Streaming (HDS)</li> <li>Unlimited bitmap size</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lempel%E2%80%93Ziv%E2%80%93Markov_chain_algorithm" title="Lempel–Ziv–Markov chain algorithm">LZMA</a> SWF compression</li></ul></li> <li>Mobile only <ul><li>H.264/AAC playback</li> <li>Front-facing camera</li> <li>Background audio playback</li> <li>Device speaker control</li> <li>16- and 32-bit color depth</li></ul></li></ul></li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 11.1 (version 11.1.102.55, codenamed <a href="/wiki/Anza_Vista,_San_Francisco" title="Anza Vista, San Francisco">Anza</a>) (November 10, 2011)<a href="#cite_note-208">[208]</a> <ul><li>Last version of the web browser plug-in for mobile devices (made for Android 2.2 to 4.0.3)</li> <li>iOS 5 native extensions for AIR</li> <li>StageText: Native text input UI for Android</li> <li>Security enhancements, last official version for Windows 2000<a href="#cite_note-dead-80">[80]</a></li></ul></li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 11.1 (version 11.1.102.62) (March 5, 2012)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 11.2 (version 11.2.202.228) (March 28, 2012)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 11.2 (version 11.2.202.233) (April 12, 2012)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 11.2 (version 11.2.202.235, codenamed Brannan) (May 3, 2012)<a href="#cite_note-209">[209]</a> <ul><li>The Windows version offers automatic updater options<a href="#cite_note-auto-158">[158]</a></li> <li>Dropped support of the browser plug-in for mobile devices (Android). Android app developers are encouraged to use Adobe Air and Android web developers should switch to HTML5.</li> <li>Extended support for Flash player 11.2 on Solaris as it is the last version to be supported.<a href="#cite_note-dead-80">[80]</a></li> <li>Adobe replaced Extended Support Release 11.2 on Linux with 24.0 on December 13, 2016.</li></ul></li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 11.3 (version 11.3.300.257) (June 8, 2012)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 11.3 (version 11.3.300.262) (June 21, 2012)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 11.3 (version 11.3.300.265) (July 11, 2012)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 11.3 (version 11.3.300.268) (July 26, 2012)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 11.3 (version 11.3.300.270) (August 4, 2012) <ul><li>Desktop and mobile <ul><li>Fullscreen interactive mode (keyboard input during fullscreen)</li> <li>Native bitmap encoding and compression (PNG, JPEG, JPEG-XR)</li> <li>Draw bitmaps with quality (low, medium, high, best)</li> <li>Texture streaming for Stage3D</li> <li>Dropped support for Linux and Solaris</li></ul></li> <li>Mobile-only <ul><li>Auto-orientation on specific devices</li> <li>USB debugging for AIR on iOS</li></ul></li></ul></li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 11.3 (version 11.3.300.271) (September 18, 2012)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 11.3 (version 11.3.300.273) (October 3, 2012)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 11.4 (version 11.4.402.259) (August 10, 2012) <ul><li>Flash Player only <ul><li>ActionScript workers</li> <li>SandboxBridge support</li> <li>Licensing support: Flash Player Premium features for gaming</li></ul></li> <li>Flash Player and AIR <ul><li>Stage3D "constrained" profile for increased GPU reach</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lempel%E2%80%93Ziv%E2%80%93Markov_chain_algorithm" title="Lempel–Ziv–Markov chain algorithm">LZMA</a> support for <code>ByteArray</code></li> <li>StageVideo attachCamera/Camera improvements</li> <li>Compressed texture with alpha support for Stage3D</li> <li>DXT encoding</li></ul></li> <li>AIR only <ul><li>Deprecated Carbon APIs for AIR</li> <li>Direct AIR deployment using ADT</li> <li>Push notifications for iOS</li> <li>Ambient AudioPlaybackMode</li> <li>Exception support in Native Extensions for iOS</li></ul></li></ul></li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 11.4 (version 11.4.402.265) (August 21, 2012)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 11.4 (version 11.4.402.278) (September 18, 2012)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 11.4 (version 11.4.402.287) (October 8, 2012)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 11.5<a href="#cite_note-adobe-210">[210]</a> <ul><li>Shared ByteArray</li> <li>Invoke Event enhancement (for openurl)</li> <li>Packaging multiple libraries in an ANE (iOS)</li> <li>Debug stack trace in release builds of Flash Player</li> <li>Statically link DRM (desktop only)</li></ul></li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 11.6 (codenamed <a href="/wiki/Folsom_Street" title="Folsom Street">Folsom</a>)<a href="#cite_note-adobe-210">[210]</a> <ul><li>Lossless video export from standalone and authplay.dll</li> <li>Support for flash.display.graphics.readGraphicsData() that returns a Vector of IGraphicsData</li> <li>Improve permissions UI related to full screen keyboard access</li> <li>Prevent ActiveX abuse in Office documents</li> <li>Support file access in cloud on Windows</li> <li>Enhance multi-SWF support</li> <li>Migration certification for ANEs</li> <li>RectangleTexture</li> <li>File API update so AIR apps conform to Apple data storage guidelines</li> <li>Separate sampler state for Stage3D</li> <li>Set device specific Retina Display resolution (iOS)</li></ul></li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 11.7 (version 11.7.700.169, codenamed <a href="/wiki/Geary_Boulevard" title="Geary Boulevard">Geary</a>) (April 9, 2013)<a href="#cite_note-adobe-210">[210]</a> <ul><li>SharedObject.preventBackup property</li> <li>forceCPURenderModeForDevices</li> <li>Remote hosting of SWF files in case of multiple SWFs</li> <li>Support for uploading 16-bit texture formats</li> <li>GameInput updates</li> <li>Android – create captive runtime apps</li> <li>Adobe replaced Extended Support Release 11.7 on Mac and Windows with 13.0 on May 13, 2014.<a href="#cite_note-esr-13-211">[211]</a></li></ul></li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 11.8 (codenamed Harrison)<a href="#cite_note-adobe-210">[210]</a> <ul><li>Stage3D baselineExtended profile</li> <li>Recursive stop on MovieClip</li> <li>Flash Player & AIR Desktop Game Pad Support</li> <li>Support for large textures (extendedBaseline, 4096)</li> <li>Rectangle texture</li> <li>DatagramSocket</li> <li>ServerSocket</li> <li>Substitute a redirected URL from a source URLRequest for part of the URL in a new URLRequest</li></ul></li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 11.9 (codenamed Irving)<a href="#cite_note-adobe-210">[210]</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/OS_X_Mavericks" title="OS X Mavericks">OS X Mavericks</a> Support</li> <li><a href="/wiki/.pkg" title=".pkg">Mac .pkg</a> Installation Support</li></ul></li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 12 (codenamed Jones)<a href="#cite_note-212">[212]</a> (November 14, 2013) <ul><li>Improved Mac .pkg Installation Support for the work flow and <a href="/wiki/User_Interface" class="mw-redirect" title="User Interface">UI</a></li> <li>Support for <a href="/wiki/Internet_Explorer_11" title="Internet Explorer 11">Internet Explorer 11</a> on Windows 7</li> <li>Support for Safe Mode in <a href="/wiki/Safari_(web_browser)" title="Safari (web browser)">Safari</a> 6.1 and higher</li> <li>64-bit PPAPI Flash Player for <a href="/wiki/Google_Chrome" title="Google Chrome">Google Chrome</a></li> <li>Graphics: Buffer Usage flag for Stage3D</li></ul></li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 13 (codenamed King)<a href="#cite_note-beta-213">[213]</a><a href="#cite_note-214">[214]</a> <ul><li>Supplementary Characters Enhancement Support for Text Field</li> <li>Full Screen video message tweak</li> <li>As of 13 May 2014<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Adobe_Flash_Player&action=edit">[update]</a> this is the Extended Support Release.<a href="#cite_note-esr-13-211">[211]</a></li></ul></li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 14 (version 14.0.0.125, codenamed <a href="/wiki/Lombard_Street_(San_Francisco)" title="Lombard Street (San Francisco)">Lombard</a>) (June 10, 2014)<a href="#cite_note-215">[215]</a> <ul><li>Stage 3D Standard profile</li></ul></li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 14 (version 14.0.0.145) (July 8, 2014)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 14 (version 14.0.0.179) (August 12, 2014)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 15 (version 15.0.0.152, codenamed <a href="/wiki/Market_Street_(San_Francisco)" title="Market Street (San Francisco)">Market</a>) (September 9, 2014)<a href="#cite_note-216">[216]</a> <ul><li>Improved support for browser zoom levels</li></ul></li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 15 (version 15.0.0.167) (September 23, 2014)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 15 (version 15.0.0.223) (November 11, 2014)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 16 (version 16.0.0.235, codenamed Natoma) (December 9, 2014)<a href="#cite_note-217">[217]</a> <ul><li>Stage3D – Standard Constrained Profile</li> <li>PPAPI Installers for Windows and Mac</li></ul></li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 16 (version 16.0.0.257) (January 13, 2015)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 16 (version 16.0.0.287) (January 22, 2015)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 16 (version 16.0.0.296) (January 27, 2015)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 16 (version 16.0.0.305) (February 5, 2015)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 17 (version 17.0.0.134, codenamed <a href="/wiki/Octavia_Boulevard" title="Octavia Boulevard">Octavia</a>) (March 12, 2015)<a href="#cite_note-218">[218]</a> <ul><li>Control Panel improvements</li> <li>Installer improvements for Mac</li></ul></li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 17 (version 17.0.0.169) (April 14, 2015)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 17 (version 17.0.0.188) (May 12, 2015)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 18 (version 18.0.0.160, codenamed <a href="/wiki/Presidio_of_San_Francisco" title="Presidio of San Francisco">Presidio</a>) (June 9, 2015) <ul><li>Contains fixes for Adobe Security Bulletin APSB 15–11<a href="#cite_note-219">[219]</a></li></ul></li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 18 (version 18.0.0.194) (June 23, 2015)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 18 (version 18.0.0.203) (July 8, 2015)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 18 (version 18.0.0.209) (July 14, 2015)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 18 (version 18.0.0.232) (August 11, 2015)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 19 (version 19.0.0.185, codenamed Quint) (September 21, 2015)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 19 (version 19.0.0.207) (October 13, 2015)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 19 (version 19.0.0.226) (October 16, 2015)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 19 (version 19.0.0.245) (November 10, 2015)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 20 (version 20.0.0.228, codenamed Rankin) (December 8, 2015)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 20 (version 20.0.0.267) (December 28, 2015)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 20 (version 20.0.0.270) (January 1, 2016)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 20 (version 20.0.0.286) (January 19, 2016)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 20 (version 20.0.0.306) (February 9, 2016)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 21 (version 21.0.0.182, codenamed Sutter) (March 10, 2016)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 21 (version 21.0.0.197) (March 23, 2016)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 21 (version 21.0.0.213) (April 7, 2016)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 21 (version 21.0.0.216) (April 8, 2016)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 21 (version 21.0.0.226) (April 21, 2016)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 21 (version 21.0.0.242) (May 12, 2016)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 22 (version 22.0.0.185, codenamed Townsend) (June 16, 2016)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 22 (version 22.0.0.209) (July 12, 2016)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 22 (version 22.0.0.210) (July 14, 2016)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 23 (version 23.0.0.162, codenamed Underwood) (September 13, 2016)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 23 (version 23.0.0.185) (October 11, 2016)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 23 (version 23.0.0.205) (October 26, 2016)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 23 (version 23.0.0.207) (November 8, 2016)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 24 (version 24.0.0.186, codenamed <a href="/wiki/Van_Ness_Avenue" title="Van Ness Avenue">Van Ness</a>) (December 13, 2016)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 24 (version 24.0.0.194) (January 10, 2017)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 24 (version 24.0.0.221) (February 14, 2017)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 25 (version 25.0.0.127, codenamed Webster) (March 14, 2017)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 25 (version 25.0.0.148) (April 11, 2017)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 25 (version 25.0.0.163) (April 20, 2017)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 25 (version 25.0.0.171) (May 9, 2017)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 26 (version 26.0.0.126, codenamed York) (June 13, 2017)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 26 (version 26.0.0.131) (June 16, 2017)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 26 (version 26.0.0.137) (July 11, 2017)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 26 (version 26.0.0.151) (August 8, 2017)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 27 (version 27.0.0.130, codenamed Zoe) (September 12, 2017)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 27 (version 27.0.0.159) (October 10, 2017)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 27 (version 27.0.0.170) (October 16, 2017)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 27 (version 27.0.0.183) (October 25, 2017)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 27 (version 27.0.0.187) (November 14, 2017)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 28 (version 28.0.0.126, codenamed Atka) (December 12, 2017)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 28 (version 28.0.0.137) (January 9, 2018)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 28 (version 28.0.0.161) (February 6, 2018)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 29 (version 29.0.0.113) (March 13, 2018)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 29 (version 29.0.0.140) (April 10, 2018)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 29 (version 29.0.0.171) (May 8, 2018)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 30 (version 30.0.0.113) (June 7, 2018)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 30 (version 30.0.0.134) (July 10, 2018)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 30 (version 30.0.0.154) (August 14, 2018)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 31 (version 31.0.0.108) (September 11, 2018)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 31 (version 31.0.0.122) (October 9, 2018)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 31 (version 31.0.0.148) (November 13, 2018)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 32 (version 32.0.0.101) (December 5, 2018)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 32 (version 32.0.0.114) (January 8, 2019)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 32 (version 32.0.0.142) (February 12, 2019)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 32 (version 32.0.0.156) (March 12, 2019)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 32 (version 32.0.0.171) (April 9, 2019)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 32 (version 32.0.0.192) (May 14, 2019)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 32 (version 32.0.0.207) (June 11, 2019)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 32 (version 32.0.0.223) (July 9, 2019)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 32 (version 32.0.0.238) (August 13, 2019)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 32 (version 32.0.0.255) (September 10, 2019)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 32 (version 32.0.0.270) (October 9, 2019)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 32 (version 32.0.0.293) (November 12, 2019)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 32 (version 32.0.0.303) (December 10, 2019)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 32 (version 32.0.0.314) (January 14, 2020)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 32 (version 32.0.0.321) (January 21, 2020)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 32 (version 32.0.0.330) (February 11, 2020)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 32 (version 32.0.0.344) (March 10, 2020)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 32 (version 32.0.0.363) (April 14, 2020)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 32 (version 32.0.0.371) (May 12, 2020)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 32 (version 32.0.0.387) (June 9, 2020) <ul><li>Refuses to play Flash content after January 12, 2021, and instead displays a static warning message.</li></ul></li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 32 (version 32.0.0.403) (July 14, 2020)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 32 (version 32.0.0.414) (August 11, 2020)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 32 (version 32.0.0.433) (September 8, 2020)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 32 (version 32.0.0.445) (October 13, 2020)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 32 (version 32.0.0.453) (November 10, 2020)</li> <li>Adobe Flash Player 32 (version 32.0.0.465) (December 8, 2020) <ul><li>Final global variant update.</li></ul></li></ul> </div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Adobe_Flash_Player&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adobe_AIR" title="Adobe AIR">Adobe AIR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adobe_Shockwave" title="Adobe Shockwave">Adobe Shockwave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apache_Flex" title="Apache Flex">Apache Flex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Silverlight" title="Microsoft Silverlight">Microsoft Silverlight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruffle_(software)" title="Ruffle (software)">Ruffle (software)</a> (WASM [web] targeting reimplementation of Adobe Flash Player)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Adobe_Flash_Player&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: Notes">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Adobe_Flash_Player&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-fp_cn_version-1"><a href="#cite_ref-fp_cn_version_1-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.flash.cn/about/">"Adobe - Flash Player"</a>. flash.cn (in Simplified Chinese). 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mainconcept.com/products/sdks/video/flash.html">the original</a> on November 18, 2010. 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In Eric Lengyel (ed.). Game Engine Gems 2. CRC Press. pp. 208–212. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-56881-437-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-56881-437-7"><bdi>978-1-56881-437-7</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160110220042/https://books.google.com/books?id=QbSf3XwfM7EC&pg=PA208">Archived</a> from the original on January 10, 2016. 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Retrieved August 5, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Stage3D&rft.pub=scratch.mit.edu&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwiki.scratch.mit.edu%2Fwiki%2FStage3D&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140422031641/https://bugbase.adobe.com/index.cfm?event=bug&id=3591185">"Adobe Flash Player 11.8 – Bug 3591185: Pixel Bender shader performance drastically degraded in FP11.8. Closed as "NeverFix""</a>. 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href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141222161232/http://madskool.wordpress.com/2011/06/07/pure-actionscript-madcomponents-vs-flash-builder-4-5/">Archived</a> December 22, 2014, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, MobileAppDev </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://crosbymichael.com/flex-45-vs-pure-as3.html">Flex 4.5 vs Pure AS3</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111021065503/http://www.crosbymichael.com/flex-45-vs-pure-as3.html">Archived</a> October 21, 2011, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Michael Crosby </li> <li id="cite_note-Adobe_donates_Flex_to_Apache-62">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Adobe_donates_Flex_to_Apache_62-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Adobe_donates_Flex_to_Apache_62-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite 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November 14, 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131224102104/http://forums.adobe.com/message/5843868">Archived</a> from the original on December 24, 2013. Retrieved December 22, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Flash+Player+12.0.0.3&rft.pub=Adobe+Systems&rft.date=2013-11-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fforums.adobe.com%2Fmessage%2F5843868&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-beta-213"><a href="#cite_ref-beta_213-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://labs.adobe.com/downloads/flashplayer.html">"Adobe Labs Downloads"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Adobe_Systems" class="mw-redirect" title="Adobe Systems">Adobe</a>. April 22, 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150425052838/http://labs.adobe.com/downloads/flashplayer.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 25, 2015. Retrieved April 25, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Adobe+Labs+Downloads&rft.pub=Adobe&rft.date=2015-04-22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flabs.adobe.com%2Fdownloads%2Fflashplayer.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-214"><a href="#cite_ref-214">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://forums.adobe.com/message/6063387">"Flash Player 13.0.0.80"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Adobe_Systems" class="mw-redirect" title="Adobe Systems">Adobe Systems</a>. January 28, 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140222225809/http://forums.adobe.com/message/6063387">Archived</a> from the original on February 22, 2014. Retrieved February 18, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Flash+Player+13.0.0.80&rft.pub=Adobe+Systems&rft.date=2014-01-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fforums.adobe.com%2Fmessage%2F6063387&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-215"><a href="#cite_ref-215">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://forums.adobe.com/message/6633623#6633623">"8/12/2014 – Release – Flash Player 14"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Adobe_Systems" class="mw-redirect" title="Adobe Systems">Adobe Systems</a>. August 12, 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141111235027/https://forums.adobe.com/message/6633623#6633623">Archived</a> from the original on November 11, 2014. Retrieved January 12, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=8%2F12%2F2014+%E2%80%93+Release+%E2%80%93+Flash+Player+14&rft.pub=Adobe+Systems&rft.date=2014-08-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fforums.adobe.com%2Fmessage%2F6633623%236633623&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-216"><a href="#cite_ref-216">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://forums.adobe.com/message/6919568#6919568">"11/11/2014 – Release – Flash Player 15"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Adobe_Systems" class="mw-redirect" title="Adobe Systems">Adobe Systems</a>. November 11, 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141111234935/https://forums.adobe.com/message/6919568#6919568">Archived</a> from the original on November 11, 2014. Retrieved January 12, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=11%2F11%2F2014+%E2%80%93+Release+%E2%80%93+Flash+Player+15&rft.pub=Adobe+Systems&rft.date=2014-11-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fforums.adobe.com%2Fmessage%2F6919568%236919568&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-217"><a href="#cite_ref-217">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://forums.adobe.com/message/6999464#6999464">"12/9/2014 – Release – Flash Player 16"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Adobe_Systems" class="mw-redirect" title="Adobe Systems">Adobe Systems</a>. December 9, 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141215235949/https://forums.adobe.com/message/6999464#6999464">Archived</a> from the original on December 15, 2014. Retrieved January 12, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=12%2F9%2F2014+%E2%80%93+Release+%E2%80%93+Flash+Player+16&rft.pub=Adobe+Systems&rft.date=2014-12-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fforums.adobe.com%2Fmessage%2F6999464%236999464&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-218"><a href="#cite_ref-218">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://forums.adobe.com/thread/1736527">"12/3/2015 – Release – Flash Player 17"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Adobe_Systems" class="mw-redirect" title="Adobe Systems">Adobe Systems</a>. March 12, 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150322110640/https://forums.adobe.com/thread/1736527">Archived</a> from the original on March 22, 2015. Retrieved March 13, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=12%2F3%2F2015+%E2%80%93+Release+%E2%80%93+Flash+Player+17&rft.pub=Adobe+Systems&rft.date=2014-03-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fforums.adobe.com%2Fthread%2F1736527&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-219"><a href="#cite_ref-219">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/flash-player/apsb15-11.html">"Adobe Security Bulletin"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170329003340/https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/flash-player/apsb15-11.html">Archived</a> from the original on March 29, 2017. Retrieved March 25, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Adobe+Security+Bulletin&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhelpx.adobe.com%2Fsecurity%2Fproducts%2Fflash-player%2Fapsb15-11.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Adobe_Flash_Player&action=edit&section=40" title="Edit section: Further reading">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.adobe.com/devnet/scout/articles/understanding-flashplayer-with-scout.html">Understanding Flash Player with Adobe Scout</a> – an article discussing the internals of the player and the <a href="/wiki/Adobe_Scout" title="Adobe Scout">Adobe Scout</a> profiling tool</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Adobe_Flash_Player&action=edit&section=41" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/*/https://www.adobe.com/products/flashplayer.html">Official website</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220401020702/https://www.adobe.com/support/flashplayer/debug_downloads.html">Final global variant version of the standalone projector.</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> (archived April 1, 2022)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200718192527/https://helpx.adobe.com/flash-player/kb/archived-flash-player-versions.html">Archived Adobe Flash Player versions</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> (archived July 18, 2020)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Adobe_Flash" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Adobe_Flash" title="Template:Adobe Flash"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Adobe_Flash" title="Template talk:Adobe Flash"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Adobe_Flash" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Adobe Flash"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Adobe_Flash" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Adobe_Flash" title="Adobe Flash">Adobe Flash</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/File_format" title="File format">File formats</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ActionScript" title="ActionScript">ActionScript</a> (AS)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Action_Message_Format" title="Action Message Format">Action Message Format</a> (AMF)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flash_Video" title="Flash Video">Flash Video</a> (FLV)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/FXG" title="FXG">Flash XML Graphics</a> (FXG)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Local_shared_object" title="Local shared object">Local shared objects</a> (LSOs)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/MXML" title="MXML">MXML</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SWF" title="SWF">Flash Movie</a> (SWF)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adobe_SWC_file" title="Adobe SWC file">Flash Code Library</a> (SWC)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Software (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Adobe_Flash_software" title="List of Adobe Flash software">list</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Players</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adobe_AIR" title="Adobe AIR">Adobe AIR</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Adobe Flash Player</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gameswf" title="Gameswf">Gameswf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gnash_(software)" title="Gnash (software)">Gnash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lightspark" title="Lightspark">Lightspark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruffle_(software)" title="Ruffle (software)">Ruffle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamarin_(software)" title="Tamarin (software)">Tamarin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_2D_animation_software" title="List of 2D animation software">Animation tools</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adobe_Animate" title="Adobe Animate">Adobe Animate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toon_Boom_Animation" class="mw-redirect" title="Toon Boom Animation">Toon Boom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moho_(Anime_Studio)" class="mw-redirect" title="Moho (Anime Studio)">Moho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stencyl" title="Stencyl">Stencyl</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Integrated_development_environment" title="Integrated development environment">Programming tools</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Powerflasher_FDT" title="Powerflasher FDT">Powerflasher FDT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apache_Flex" title="Apache Flex">Apache Flex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haxe" title="Haxe">Haxe</a> (<a href="/wiki/OpenFL" title="OpenFL">OpenFL</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/CrossBridge" title="CrossBridge">CrossBridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adobe_Scout" title="Adobe Scout">Adobe Scout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Firebug_(software)#FlashFirebug" title="Firebug (software)">FlashFirebug</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Library_(computing)" title="Library (computing)">Libraries</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Starling_Framework" title="Starling Framework">Starling Framework</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Away3D" title="Away3D">Away3D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flare3D" title="Flare3D">Flare3D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stage3D" title="Stage3D">Stage3D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ming_library" title="Ming library">Ming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Flex_frameworks" title="List of Flex frameworks">List of Flex frameworks</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Converters</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adobe_Flash_Media_Live_Encoder" title="Adobe Flash Media Live Encoder">Adobe Flash Media Live Encoder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SWFTools" title="SWFTools">SWFTools</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swfmill" title="Swfmill">swfmill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Swiffy" title="Google Swiffy">Google Swiffy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adobe_Wallaby" title="Adobe Wallaby">Adobe Wallaby</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Server-side</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adobe_Flash_Media_Server" class="mw-redirect" title="Adobe Flash Media Server">Adobe Flash Media Server</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Obsolete software</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adobe_Flash_Builder" title="Adobe Flash Builder">Adobe Flash Builder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adobe_Flash_Catalyst" title="Adobe Flash Catalyst">Adobe Flash Catalyst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adobe_Flash_Lite" title="Adobe Flash Lite">Adobe Flash Lite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SWFObject" title="SWFObject">SWFObject</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MTASC" title="MTASC">MTASC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scaleform_GFx" title="Scaleform GFx">Scaleform GFx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SWiSH_Max" title="SWiSH Max">SWiSH Max</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swift_3D" title="Swift 3D">Swift 3D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papervision3D" title="Papervision3D">Papervision3D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ajax_Animator" title="Ajax Animator">Ajax Animator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shumway_(software)" title="Shumway (software)">Shumway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swfdec" title="Swfdec">Swfdec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenLaszlo" title="OpenLaszlo">OpenLaszlo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_HTML5_and_Flash" title="Comparison of HTML5 and Flash">Comparison of HTML5 and Flash</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Thoughts_on_Flash" title="Thoughts on Flash">Thoughts on Flash</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flash_animation" title="Flash animation">Flash animation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Flash_animated_films" title="List of Flash animated films">films</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Flash_animated_television_series" title="List of Flash animated television series">television</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protected_Streaming" title="Protected Streaming">Protected Streaming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Real-Time_Messaging_Protocol" title="Real-Time Messaging Protocol">Real-Time Messaging Protocol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Real-Time_Media_Flow_Protocol" title="Real-Time Media Flow Protocol">Real-Time Media Flow Protocol</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Developers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/FutureWave_Software" title="FutureWave Software">FutureWave Software</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macromedia" title="Macromedia">Macromedia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adobe_Inc." title="Adobe Inc.">Adobe Inc.</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:Adobe_Flash" title="Category:Adobe Flash">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Adobe_Inc." style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Adobe_Inc." title="Template:Adobe Inc."><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Adobe_Inc." title="Template talk:Adobe Inc."><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Adobe_Inc." title="Special:EditPage/Template:Adobe Inc."><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Adobe_Inc." style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Adobe_Inc." title="Adobe Inc.">Adobe Inc.</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/Adobe_World_Headquarters" title="Adobe World Headquarters">Adobe World Headquarters</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Adobe_software" title="List of Adobe software">Software</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Suites</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a 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