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<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head>  <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-P63WKM1TM1"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-P63WKM1TM1'); </script>  <script type="text/javascript" > (function(m,e,t,r,i,k,a){m[i]=m[i]||function(){(m[i].a=m[i].a||[]).push(arguments)}; m[i].l=1*new Date(); for (var j = 0; j < document.scripts.length; j++) {if (document.scripts[j].src === r) { return; }} k=e.createElement(t),a=e.getElementsByTagName(t)[0],k.async=1,k.src=r,a.parentNode.insertBefore(k,a)}) (window, document, "script", "https://mc.yandex.ru/metrika/tag.js", "ym"); ym(55165297, "init", { clickmap:false, trackLinks:true, accurateTrackBounce:true, webvisor:false }); </script> <noscript><div><img src="https://mc.yandex.ru/watch/55165297" style="position:absolute; left:-9999px;" alt="" /></div></noscript>    <title>Search results for: Khaled E. Ayad</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Khaled E. Ayad"> <meta name="keywords" content="Khaled E. Ayad"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarMenu" aria-controls="navbarMenu" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"> <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span> </button> <div class="w-100"> <div class="d-none d-lg-flex flex-row-reverse"> <form method="get" action="https://waset.org/search" class="form-inline my-2 my-lg-0"> <input class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="search" placeholder="Search Conferences" value="Khaled E. 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Ayad"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 293</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Khaled E. Ayad</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">293</span> A System Dynamic Based DSS for Ecological Urban Management in Alexandria, Egypt</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mona%20M.%20Salem">Mona M. Salem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khaled%20S.%20Al-Hagla"> Khaled S. Al-Hagla</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hany%20M.%20Ayad"> Hany M. Ayad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The concept of urban metabolism has increasingly been employed in a diverse range of disciplines as a mean to analyze and theorize the city. Urban ecology has a particular focus on the implications of applying the metabolism concept to the urban realm. This approach has been developed by a few researchers, though it has rarely if ever been used in policy development for city planning. The aim of this research is to use ecologically informed urban planning interventions to increase the sustainability of urban metabolism; with special focus on land stock as a most important city resource by developing a system dynamic based DSS. This model identifies two critical management strategy variables for the Strategic Urban Plan Alexandria SUP 2032. As a result, this comprehensive and precise quantitative approach is needed to monitor, measure, evaluate and observe dynamic urban changes working as a decision support system (DSS) for policy making. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ecology" title="ecology">ecology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=land%20resource" title=" land resource"> land resource</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LULCC" title=" LULCC"> LULCC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=management" title=" management"> management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metabolism" title=" metabolism"> metabolism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=model" title=" model"> model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scenarios" title=" scenarios"> scenarios</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=system%20dynamics" title=" system dynamics"> system dynamics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20development" title=" urban development"> urban development</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84347/a-system-dynamic-based-dss-for-ecological-urban-management-in-alexandria-egypt" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84347.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">380</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">292</span> Magnetic Simulation of the Underground Electric Cable in the Presence of a Short Circuit and Harmonics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20Nour%20El%20Islam%20Ayad">Ahmed Nour El Islam Ayad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wafa%20Krika"> Wafa Krika</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelghani%20Ayad"> Abdelghani Ayad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Moulay%20Larab"> Moulay Larab</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Houari%20Boudjella"> Houari Boudjella</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Farid%20Benhamida"> Farid Benhamida</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this study is to evaluate the magnetic emission of underground electric cable of high voltage, because these power lines generate electromagnetic interaction with other objects near to it. The aim of this work shows a numerical simulation of the magnetic field of buried 400 kV line in three cases: permanent and transient states of short circuit and the last case with the presence of the harmonics at different positions as a function of time variation, with finite element resolution using Comsol Multiphysics software. The results obtained showed that the amplitude and distribution of the magnetic flux density change in the transient state and the presence of harmonics. The results of this work calculate the magnetic field generated by the underground lines in order to evaluate and know their impact on ecology and health. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=underground" title="underground">underground</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electric%20power%20cables" title=" electric power cables"> electric power cables</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cables%20crossing" title=" cables crossing"> cables crossing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=harmonic" title=" harmonic"> harmonic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emission" title=" emission"> emission</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/112134/magnetic-simulation-of-the-underground-electric-cable-in-the-presence-of-a-short-circuit-and-harmonics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/112134.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">229</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">291</span> Correlation between Dynamic Knee Valgus with Isometric Hip Abductors Strength during Single-Leg Landing</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20Fawzy">Ahmed Fawzy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khaled%20Ayad"> Khaled Ayad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gh.%20M.%20Koura"> Gh. M. Koura</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=W.%20Reda"> W. Reda </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The knee joint complex is one of the most commonly injured areas of the body in athletes. Excessive frontal plane knee excursion is considered a risk factor for multiple knee pathologies such as anterior cruciate ligament and patellofemoral joint injuries, however, little is known about the biomechanical factors that contribute to this loading pattern. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate if there is a relationship between hip abductors isometric strength and the value of FPPA during single leg landing tasks in normal male subjects. Methods: One hundred (male) subjects free from lower extremity injuries for at least six months ago participated in this study. Their mean age was (23.25 ± 2.88) years, mean weight was (74.76 ± 13.54) (Kg), mean height was (174.23 ± 6.56) (Cm). The knee frontal plane projection angle was measured by digital video camera using single leg landing task. Hip abductors isometric strength were assessed by portable hand-held dynamometer. Muscle strength had been normalized to the body weight to obtain more accurate measurements. Results: The results demonstrated that there was no significant relationship between hip abductors isometric strength and the value of FPPA during single leg landing tasks in normal male subjects. Conclusion: It can be concluded that there is no relationship between hip abductors isometric strength and the value of FPPA during functional activities in normal male subjects. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=2-dimensional%20motion%20analysis" title="2-dimensional motion analysis">2-dimensional motion analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hip%20strength" title=" hip strength"> hip strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=kinematics" title=" kinematics"> kinematics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=knee%20injuries" title=" knee injuries"> knee injuries</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48346/correlation-between-dynamic-knee-valgus-with-isometric-hip-abductors-strength-during-single-leg-landing" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48346.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">248</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">290</span> Correlation between Dynamic Knee Valgus with Isometric Hip External Rotators Strength during Single Leg Landing</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20Fawzy">Ahmed Fawzy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khaled%20Ayad"> Khaled Ayad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gh.%20M.%20Koura"> Gh. M. Koura</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=W.%20Reda"> W. Reda</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The excessive frontal plane motion of the lower extremity during sports activities is thought to be a contributing factor to many traumatic and overuse injuries of the knee joint, little is known about the biomechanical factors that contribute to this loading pattern. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate if there is a relationship between hip external rotators isometric strength and the value of frontal plane projection angle (FPPA) during single leg landing tasks in normal male subjects. Methods: One hundred (male) subjects free from lower extremity injuries for at least six months ago participated in this study. Their mean age was (23.25 ± 2.88) years, mean weight was (74.76 ± 13.54) (Kg), mean height was (174.23 ± 6.56) (Cm). The knee frontal plane projection angle was measured by digital video camera using single leg landing task. Hip external rotators isometric strength were assessed by portable hand held dynamometer. Muscle strength had been normalized to the body weight to obtain more accurate measurements. Results: The results demonstrated that there was no significant relationship between hip external rotators isometric strength and the value of FPPA during single leg landing tasks in normal male subjects. Conclusion: It can be concluded that there is no relationship between hip external rotators isometric strength and the value of FPPA during functional activities in normal male subjects. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=2-dimensional%20motion%20analysis" title="2-dimensional motion analysis">2-dimensional motion analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hip%20strength" title=" hip strength"> hip strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=kinematics" title=" kinematics"> kinematics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=knee%20injuries" title=" knee injuries"> knee injuries</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55037/correlation-between-dynamic-knee-valgus-with-isometric-hip-external-rotators-strength-during-single-leg-landing" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55037.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">225</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">289</span> Efficacy of Cool's and Rhythmic Stabilization Exercises on Scapular up Ward Rotation and Ut/Sa Ratio in Patients with Shoulder Impingement Syndrome</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammed%20Moustafa">Mohammed Moustafa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khaled%20Ayad"> Khaled Ayad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Waleed%20Reda"> Waleed Reda</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Shoulder impingement syndrome is the most common disorder of the shoulder, resulting in functional loss and disability. Objective: This study was designed to compare between the effects of scapular muscle training versus rhythmic stabilization exercises in treatment of shoulder impingement syndrome. Methods: Thirty patients participated in this study; they were assigned randomly into two experimental groups. The first experimental group (A) consisted of 15 patients with a mean age (21.87±2.72) years; they received graduated rhythmic stabilization exercises and stretching of the posterior capsule. The second experimental group (B) consisted of 15 patients with a mean age (22.27±2.94) years; they received scapular muscle training exercises in addition to stretching of the posterior capsule. Treatment was given three times per week, every other day, for four consecutive weeks. Patients have been evaluated pretreatment and post treatment for shoulder pain severity and functional disability. Results: Both groups showed highly statistical significant reduction in pain severity and functional disability measured post-treatment when compared with their corresponding values in pretreatment assessment. Conclusion: Both of rhythmic stabilization exercises and scapular muscle training are effective interventions to reduce shoulder pain severity and functional disability. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=impingement%20syndrome" title="impingement syndrome">impingement syndrome</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scapular%20exercises" title=" scapular exercises"> scapular exercises</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rhythmic%20stabilization%20exercises" title=" rhythmic stabilization exercises"> rhythmic stabilization exercises</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=posterior%20capsule%20stretch" title=" posterior capsule stretch"> posterior capsule stretch</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49290/efficacy-of-cools-and-rhythmic-stabilization-exercises-on-scapular-up-ward-rotation-and-utsa-ratio-in-patients-with-shoulder-impingement-syndrome" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49290.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">240</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">288</span> Effect of Fatiguing Hip Muscles on Dynamic Posture Control in Recurrent Ankle Sprain</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Radwa%20El%20Shorbagy">Radwa El Shorbagy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alaa%20El%20Din%20Balbaa"> Alaa El Din Balbaa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khaled%20Ayad"> Khaled Ayad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Waleed%20Reda"> Waleed Reda</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Ankle sprain is a common lower limb injury that is complicated by high recurrence rate. The cause of recurrence is not clear; however, changes in motor control have been postulated.Objective: to determine the contribution of proximal hip strategy to dynamic posture control in patients with recurrent ankle sprain. Methods:Fifteen subjects with recurrent ankle sprain (Group A) and fifteen healthy control subjects (Group B) participated in this study. Abductor-adductor as well as flexor-extensor hip musculature control was abolished by fatigue using the Biodex Isokinatic System. Dynamic posture control was measured before and after fatigue by the Biodex Balance System. Results: Repeated measures MANOVA was used to compare within group differences. In group A fatiguing of hip muscles (flexors-extensors and abductors-adductors) lowered overall stability index (OASI), anteroposterior stability index (APSI) and mediolateral stability index (MLSI) significantly (p=0.00) whereas; in group B fatiguing of hip flexors-extensors lowered significantly OASI and APSI only (p= 0.017, 0.010; respectively) while fatiguing of hip abductors-adductors has no significant effect on these variables. Conclusion: fatiguing of hip muscles has a significant deleterious effect on dynamic posture control in patient with recurrent ankle sprain indicating their increased dependence on hip strategy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ankle%20sprain" title="ankle sprain">ankle sprain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fatigue%20hip%20muscles" title=" fatigue hip muscles"> fatigue hip muscles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dynamic%20balance" title=" dynamic balance"> dynamic balance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ankle%20sprain" title=" ankle sprain"> ankle sprain</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22938/effect-of-fatiguing-hip-muscles-on-dynamic-posture-control-in-recurrent-ankle-sprain" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22938.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">355</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">287</span> The Contribution of Hip Strategy in Dynamic Balance in Recurrent Ankle Sprain</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Radwa%20Talaat%20Mohammed%20El-Shorbagy">Radwa Talaat Mohammed El-Shorbagy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alaa%20El-Din%20Balbaa"> Alaa El-Din Balbaa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khaled%20Ayad"> Khaled Ayad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Waleed%20Red"> Waleed Red</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Ankle sprain is a common lower limb injury that is complicated by high recurrence rate. The cause of recurrence is not clear; however, changes in motor control have been postulated. Objective: To determine the contribution of proximal hip strategy to dynamic balance control in patients with recurrent ankle sprain. Methods: Fifteen subjects with recurrent ankle sprain (group A) and fifteen healthy control subjects (group B) participated in this study. Abductor-adductors as well as flexor-extensor hip musculatures control was abolished by fatigue using the Biodex Isokinetic system. Dynamic balance was measured before and after fatigue by the Biodex Balance system Results: Repeated measures MANOVA was used to compare between and within group differences. In group A fatiguing of hip muscles (flexors-extensors and abductors-adductors) increased overall stability index (OASI), anteroposterior stability index (APSI) and mediolateral stability index (MLSI) significantly (p=0.00) whereas; in group B fatiguing of hip flexors-extensors increased significantly OASI and APSI only (p= 0.017, 0.010; respectively) while fatiguing of hip abductors-adductors has no significant effect on these variables. Moreover, patients with ankle sprain had significantly lower dynamic balance after hip muscles fatigue compared to the control group. Specifically, after hip flexor-extensor fatigue, the OASI, APSI and MLSI were increased significantly than those of the control values (p=0.002, 0.011, and 0.003, respectively) whereas fatiguing of hip abductors-adductors increased significantly in OASI and APSI only (p=0.012, 0.026, respectively). Conclusion: To maintain dynamic balance, patients with recurrent ankle sprain seem to relay more on the hip strategy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ankle%20sprain" title="ankle sprain">ankle sprain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hip%20muscles%20fatigue" title=" hip muscles fatigue"> hip muscles fatigue</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dynamic%20balance" title=" dynamic balance"> dynamic balance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23132/the-contribution-of-hip-strategy-in-dynamic-balance-in-recurrent-ankle-sprain" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23132.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">491</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">286</span> Hip Strategy in Dynamic Postural Control in Recurrent Ankle Sprain</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Radwa%20Elshorbagy">Radwa Elshorbagy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alaa%20Elden%20Balbaa"> Alaa Elden Balbaa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khaled%20Ayad"> Khaled Ayad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Waleed%20Reda"> Waleed Reda</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Ankle sprain is a common lower limb injury that is complicated by high recurrence rate. The cause of recurrence is not clear; however, changes in motor control have been postulated. Objective: to determine the contribution of proximal hip strategy to dynamic postural control in patients with recurrent ankle sprain. Methods: Fifteen subjects with recurrent ankle sprain (group A) and fifteen healthy control subjects (group B) participated in this study. Abductor-adductors as well as flexor-extensor hip musculatures control was abolished by fatigue using the Biodex Isokinetic System. Dynamic postural control was measured before and after fatigue by the Biodex Balance System. Results: Repeated measures MANOVA was used to compare between and within group differences, in group A fatiguing of hip muscles (flexors-extensors and abductors-adductors) increased overall stability index (OASI), anteroposterior stability index (APSI) and mediolateral stability index (MLSI) significantly (p=0.00) whereas; in group B fatiguing of hip flexors-extensors increased significantly OASI and APSI only (p= 0.017, 0.010; respectively) while fatiguing of hip abductors-adductors has no significant effect on these variables. Moreover, patients with ankle sprain had significantly lower dynamic balance after hip muscles fatigue compared to the control group. Specifically, after hip flexor-extensor fatigue, the OASI, APSI and MLSI were increased significantly than those of the control values (p= 0.002, 0.011, and 0.003, respectively) whereas fatiguing of hip abductors-adductors increased significantly in OASI and APSI only (p=0.012, 0.026, respectively). Conclusion: To maintain dynamic balance, patients with recurrent ankle sprain seem to rely more on the hip strategy. This means that those patients depend on a top to down instead of down to top strategy clinical relevance: patients with recurrent ankle sprain less efficient in maintaining the dynamic postural control due to the change in motor strategies. Indicating that health care providers and rehabilitation specialists should treat CAI as a global/central and not just as a simple local or peripheral injury. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hip%20strategy" title="hip strategy">hip strategy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ankle%20strategy" title=" ankle strategy"> ankle strategy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=postural%20control" title=" postural control"> postural control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dynamic%20balance" title=" dynamic balance"> dynamic balance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49734/hip-strategy-in-dynamic-postural-control-in-recurrent-ankle-sprain" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49734.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">338</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">285</span> The Contribution of Hip Strategy in Dynamic Postural Control in Recurrent Ankle Sprain</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Radwa%20El%20Shorbagy">Radwa El Shorbagy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alaa%20El%20Din%20Balbaa"> Alaa El Din Balbaa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khaled%20Ayad"> Khaled Ayad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Waleed%20Reda"> Waleed Reda</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Ankle sprain is a common lower limb injury that is complicated by high recurrence rate. The cause of recurrence is not clear; however, changes in motor control have been postulated. Objective: to determine the contribution of proximal hip strategy to dynamic postural control in patients with recurrent ankle sprain. Methods: Fifteen subjects with recurrent ankle sprain (group A) and fifteen healthy control subjects (group B) participated in this study. Abductor-adductors as well as flexor-extensor hip musculatures control was abolished by fatigue using the Biodex Isokinetic System. Dynamic postural control was measured before and after fatigue by the Biodex Balance System Results: Repeated measures MANOVA was used to compare between and within group differences, In group A fatiguing of hip muscles (flexors-extensors and abductors-adductors) increased overall stability index (OASI), anteroposterior stability index (APSI) and mediolateral stability index (MLSI) significantly (p= 0.00) whereas; in group B fatiguing of hip flexors-extensors increased significantly OASI and APSI only (p= 0.017, 0.010; respectively) while fatiguing of hip abductors-adductors has no significant effect on these variables. Moreover, patients with ankle sprain had significantly lower dynamic balance after hip muscles fatigue compared to the control group. Specifically, after hip flexor-extensor fatigue, the OASI, APSI and MLSI were increased significantly than those of the control values (p= 0.002, 0.011, and 0.003, respectively) whereas fatiguing of hip abductors-adductors increased significantly in OASI and APSI only (p=0.012, 0.026, respectively). Conclusion: To maintain dynamic balance, patients with recurrent ankle sprain seem to relay more on the hip strategy. This means that those patients depend on a top to down instead of down to top strategy clinical relevance: patients with recurrent ankle sprain less efficient in maintaining the dynamic postural control due to the change in motor strategies. Indicating that health care providers and rehabilitation specialists should treat CAI as a global/central and not just as a simple local or peripheral injury. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ankle%20sprain" title="ankle sprain">ankle sprain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fatigue%20hip%20muscles" title=" fatigue hip muscles"> fatigue hip muscles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dynamic%20balance" title=" dynamic balance"> dynamic balance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22951/the-contribution-of-hip-strategy-in-dynamic-postural-control-in-recurrent-ankle-sprain" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22951.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">300</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">284</span> Correlation Study between Clinical and Radiological Findings in Knee Osteoarthritis </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nabil%20A.%20A.%20Mohamed">Nabil A. A. Mohamed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alaa%20A.%20A.%20Balbaa"> Alaa A. A. Balbaa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khaled%20E.%20Ayad"> Khaled E. Ayad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee is the most common form of arthritis and leads to more activity limitations (e.g., disability in walking and stair climbing) than any other disease, especially in the elderly. Recently, impaired proprioceptive accuracy of the knee has been proposed as a local factor in the onset and progression of radiographic knee OA (ROA). Purpose: To compare the clinical and radiological findings in healthy with that of knee OA. Also, to determine if there is a correlation between the clinical and radiological findings in patients with knee OA. Subjects: Fifty one patients diagnosed as unilateral or bilateral knee OA with age ranged between 35-70 years, from both gender without any previous history of knee trauma or surgery, and twenty one normal subjects with age ranged from 35 - 68 years. METHODS: peak torque/body weight (PT/BW) was recorded from knee extensors at isokinetic isometric mode at angle of 45 degree. Also, the Absolute Angular Error was recorded at 45O and 30O to measure joint position sense (JPS). They made anteroposterior (AP) plain X-rays from standing semiflexed knee position and their average score of Timed Up and Go test(TUG) and WOMAC were recorded as a measure of knee pain, stiffness and function. Comparison between the mean values of different variables in the two groups was performed using unpaired student t test. The P value less or equal to 0.05 was considered significant. Results: There were significant differences between the studied variables between the experimental and control groups except the values of AAE at 30O. Also, there were no significant correlation between the clinical findings (pain, function, muscle strength and proprioception) and the severity of arthritic changes in X-rays. CONCLUSION: From the finding of the current study we can conclude that there were a significant difference between the both groups in all studied parameters (the WOMAC, functional level, quadriceps muscle strength and the joint proprioception). Also this study did not support the dependency on radiological findings in management of knee OA as the radiological features did not necessarily indicate the level of structural damage of patients with knee OA and we should consider the clinical features in our treatment plan. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=joint%20position%20sense" title="joint position sense">joint position sense</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=peak%20torque" title=" peak torque"> peak torque</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=proprioception" title=" proprioception"> proprioception</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radiological%20knee%20osteoarthritis" title=" radiological knee osteoarthritis "> radiological knee osteoarthritis </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33164/correlation-study-between-clinical-and-radiological-findings-in-knee-osteoarthritis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33164.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">302</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">283</span> A Multi Function Myocontroller for Upper Limb Prostheses</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ayad%20Asaad%20Ibrahim">Ayad Asaad Ibrahim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Myoelectrically controlled prostheses are becoming more and more popular, for below-elbow amputation, the wrist flexor and extensor muscle group, while for above-elbow biceps and triceps brachii muscles are used for control of the prosthesis. A two site multi-function controller is presented. Two stainless steel bipolar electrode pairs are used to monitor the activities in both muscles. The detected signals are processed by new pre-whitening technique to identify the accurate tension estimation in these muscles. These estimates will activate the relevant prosthesis control signal, with a time constant of 200 msec. It is ensured that the tension states in the control muscle to activate a particular prosthesis function are similar to those used to activate normal functions in the natural hand. This facilitates easier training. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prosthesis" title="prosthesis">prosthesis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biosignal%20processing" title=" biosignal processing"> biosignal processing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pre-whitening" title=" pre-whitening"> pre-whitening</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=myoelectric%20controller" title=" myoelectric controller"> myoelectric controller</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44401/a-multi-function-myocontroller-for-upper-limb-prostheses" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44401.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">363</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">282</span> The Discoursive Construction of Jews and Christians in the Qur’ān: A Case Study on Al-Baqara</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maryam%20Ayad">Maryam Ayad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Qur’ān, the main source of Muslims’ religious beliefs, shows a complex view mixed with mercy and violence towards Jews and Christians. The aim of this paper is to investigate the dominant cognitive infrastructure behind the Quranic discourses of violence and mercy towards Jews and Christians. The paper focuses on 54 verses with definite references to Jews and/or Christians in Surat al-Baqara. Adopting Teon Van Dijk’s method of critical discourse analysis (CDA), these verses are examined based on 13 linguistic microstructures. The preliminary results show that there are diverse discourses on Jews and Christians competing to gain the dominant power in the Surah. Furthermore, the violent discourse becomes more dominant and prominent as we move from the realm of explicit meanings of the text to that of figurative, implicit, and metaphorical meanings. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=The%20Qur%E2%80%99%C4%81n" title="The Qur’ān">The Qur’ān</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jews%20and%20Christians" title=" Jews and Christians"> Jews and Christians</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CDA" title=" CDA"> CDA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20others" title=" the others"> the others</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inter-religious%20relations" title=" inter-religious relations"> inter-religious relations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Al-Baqara" title=" Al-Baqara"> Al-Baqara</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/190205/the-discoursive-construction-of-jews-and-christians-in-the-quran-a-case-study-on-al-baqara" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/190205.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">27</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">281</span> Adsorption of Congo Red on MgO Nanoparticles Prepared by Molten Salt Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shahbaa%20F.%20Bdewi">Shahbaa F. Bdewi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bakhtyar%20K.%20Aziz"> Bakhtyar K. Aziz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ayad%20A.%20R.%20Mutar"> Ayad A. R. Mutar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nano-materials show different surface properties due to their high surface area and active sites. This study investigates the feasibility of using nano-MgO (NMO) for removing Congo red (CR) dye from wastewater. NMO was prepared by molten salt method. Equilibrium experiments show the equilibrium was reached after 120 minutes and maximum adsorption efficiency was obtained in acidic media up to pH 6. Isotherm studies revealed the favorability of the adsorption process. The overall adsorption process was spontaneous and endothermic in nature with a maximum adsorption capacity of 1100 mg g-1 at 40°C as estimated from Langmuir isotherm. The adsorption kinetics was found to follow pseudo second-order rate equation. Relatively high activation energy (180.7 kJ mol-1) was obtained which is consistent with chemisorption mechanism for the adsorption process. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adsorption" title="adsorption">adsorption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=congo%20red" title=" congo red"> congo red</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnesium%20oxide" title=" magnesium oxide"> magnesium oxide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanoparticles" title=" nanoparticles"> nanoparticles</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62294/adsorption-of-congo-red-on-mgo-nanoparticles-prepared-by-molten-salt-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62294.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">209</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">280</span> Electromagnetic Simulation of Underground Cable Perforation by Nail </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20Nour%20El%20Islam%20Ayad">Ahmed Nour El Islam Ayad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tahar%20Rouibah"> Tahar Rouibah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wafa%20Krika"> Wafa Krika</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Houari%20Boudjella"> Houari Boudjella</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Larab%20Moulay"> Larab Moulay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Farid%20Benhamida"> Farid Benhamida</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Selma%20Benmoussa"> Selma Benmoussa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this study is to evaluate the electromagnetic field of an underground cable of very high voltage perforated by nail. The aim of this work shows a numerical simulation of the electromagnetic field of 400 kV line after perforation through a ferrous nail in four positions for the pinch pin at different distances. From results for a longitudinal section, we observe and evaluate the distribution and the variation of the electromagnetic field in the cable and the earth. When the nail approaches the underground power cable, the distribution of the magnetic field changes and takes several forms, the magnetic field increase and become very important when the nail breaks the metal screen and will produce a significant leak of the electric field, characterized by a large electric arc and or electric discharge to earth and then a fault in the electrical network. These electromagnetic analysis results help to detect defects in underground cables. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=underground" title="underground">underground</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electromagnetic" title=" electromagnetic"> electromagnetic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nail" title=" nail"> nail</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=defect" title=" defect"> defect</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/114023/electromagnetic-simulation-of-underground-cable-perforation-by-nail" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/114023.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">231</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">279</span> Improvement of Data Transfer over Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khaled%20Ahmed%20Kadouh">Khaled Ahmed Kadouh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kamal%20Ali%20Albashiri"> Kamal Ali Albashiri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents a designed algorithm involves improvement of transferring data over Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP). The aim of this work is to establish whether using SOAP in exchanging XML messages has any added advantages or not. The results showed that XML messages without SOAP take longer time and consume more memory, especially with binary data. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=JAX-WS" title="JAX-WS">JAX-WS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SMTP" title=" SMTP"> SMTP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SOAP" title=" SOAP"> SOAP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=web%20service" title=" web service"> web service</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=XML" title=" XML"> XML</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5440/improvement-of-data-transfer-over-simple-object-access-protocol-soap" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5440.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">495</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">278</span> Survey of Web Service Composition</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wala%20Ben%20Messaoud">Wala Ben Messaoud</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khaled%20Ghedira"> Khaled Ghedira</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Youssef%20Ben%20Halima"> Youssef Ben Halima</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Henda%20Ben%20Ghezala"> Henda Ben Ghezala</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A web service (WS) is called compound or composite when its execution involves interactions with other WS to use their features. The composition of WS specifies which services need to be invoked, in what order and how to handle exception conditions. This paper gives an overview of research efforts of WS composition. The approaches proposed in the literature are diverse, interesting and have opened important research areas. Based on many studies, we extracted the most important role of WS composition use in order to facilitate its introduction in WS concept. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SOA" title="SOA">SOA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=web%20services" title=" web services"> web services</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=composition%20approach" title=" composition approach"> composition approach</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=composite%20WS" title=" composite WS"> composite WS</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40923/survey-of-web-service-composition" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40923.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">308</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">277</span> Ethnopharmacology of Urinary Deseases in Algerian Sahara</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khaled%20Sekkoum">Khaled Sekkoum</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The traditional pharmacopoeia of Algerian Sahara is very rich on vegetable drugs. The great resources and biodiversity of Algerian Sahara flora seem responsible. A survey of medicinal plants used by the local population of the south west of Algeria for the urinary disorders is reported. Sixty-three plant species belonging to thirty-three families were identified. Their botanical and local names, plant part used, mode of use and ailment treated are given. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=medicinal%20plants" title="medicinal plants">medicinal plants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urinary%20diseases" title=" urinary diseases"> urinary diseases</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sahara" title=" Sahara"> Sahara</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Algeria" title=" Algeria"> Algeria</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11687/ethnopharmacology-of-urinary-deseases-in-algerian-sahara" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11687.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">334</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">276</span> Minimizing Mutant Sets by Equivalence and Subsumption</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samia%20Alblwi">Samia Alblwi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amani%20Ayad"> Amani Ayad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Mutation testing is the art of generating syntactic variations of a base program and checking whether a candidate test suite can identify all the mutants that are not semantically equivalent to the base: this technique is widely used by researchers to select quality test suites. One of the main obstacles to the widespread use of mutation testing is cost: even small pro-grams (a few dozen lines of code) can give rise to a large number of mutants (up to hundreds): this has created an incentive to seek to reduce the number of mutants while preserving their collective effectiveness. Two criteria have been used to reduce the size of mutant sets: equiva-lence, which aims to partition the set of mutants into equivalence classes modulo semantic equivalence, and selecting one representative per class; subsumption, which aims to define a partial ordering among mutants that ranks mutants by effectiveness and seeks to select maximal elements in this ordering. In this paper we analyze these two policies using analytical and em-pirical criteria. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mutation%20testing" title="mutation testing">mutation testing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mutant%20sets" title=" mutant sets"> mutant sets</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mutant%20equivalence" title=" mutant equivalence"> mutant equivalence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mutant%20subsumption" title=" mutant subsumption"> mutant subsumption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mutant%20set%20minimization" title=" mutant set minimization"> mutant set minimization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156274/minimizing-mutant-sets-by-equivalence-and-subsumption" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156274.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">63</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">275</span> Management of Municipal Solid Waste in Baghdad, Iraq</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ayad%20Sleibi%20Mustafa">Ayad Sleibi Mustafa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20Abdulkadhim%20Mohsin"> Ahmed Abdulkadhim Mohsin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Layth%20Noori%20Ali"> Layth Noori Ali</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The deterioration of solid waste management in Baghdad city is considered as a great challenge in terms of human health and environment. Baghdad city is divided into thirteen districts which are distributed on both Tigris River banks. The west bank is Al-Karkh and the east bank is Al-Rusafa. Municipal Solid Waste Management is one of the most complicated problems facing the environment in Iraq. Population growth led to increase waste production and more load of the waste to the limited capacity infrastructure. The problems of municipal solid waste become more serious after the war in 2003. More waste is disposed in underground landfills in Baghdad with little or no concern for both human health and environment. The results showed that the total annually predicted solid waste is increasing for the period 2015-2030. Municipal solid waste in 2030 will be 6,427,773 tons in Baghdad city according to the population growth rate of 2.4%. This increase is estimated to be approximately 30%. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=municipal%20solid%20waste" title="municipal solid waste">municipal solid waste</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solid%20waste%20composition%20and%20characteristics" title=" solid waste composition and characteristics"> solid waste composition and characteristics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Baghdad%20city" title=" Baghdad city"> Baghdad city</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environment" title=" environment"> environment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20health" title=" human health"> human health</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73797/management-of-municipal-solid-waste-in-baghdad-iraq" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73797.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">295</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">274</span> Novel Design of Quantum Dot Arrays to Enhance Near-Fields Excitation Resonances</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nour%20Hassan%20Ismail">Nour Hassan Ismail</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelmonem%20Nassar"> Abdelmonem Nassar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khaled%20Baz"> Khaled Baz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Semiconductor crystals smaller than about 10 nm, known as quantum dots, have properties that differ from large samples, including a band gap that becomes larger for smaller particles. These properties create several applications for quantum dots. In this paper, new shapes of quantum dot arrays are used to enhance the photo physical properties of gold nano-particles. This paper presents a study of the effect of nano-particles shape, array, and size on their absorption characteristics. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quantum%20dots" title="quantum dots">quantum dots</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nano-particles" title=" nano-particles"> nano-particles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LSPR" title=" LSPR"> LSPR</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21099/novel-design-of-quantum-dot-arrays-to-enhance-near-fields-excitation-resonances" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21099.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">482</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">273</span> Phytochemical Investigation of Butanol Extract from Launeae Arborescens</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khaled%20Sekoum">Khaled Sekoum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nasser%20Belboukhari"> Nasser Belboukhari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abelkrim%20Cheriti"> Abelkrim Cheriti</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Launeae arborescens (L. arborescens) is a medicinal plant having capacities of important propagation. Following its biotope, associate to different species, it is frequently notably in the whole region of Algerian southwest of Wadi– Namous until the region of Karzaz. According to our ethnopharmacological survey, L. arborescens is used for treatment of the illnesses gastric. Following our phytochemical works achieved on the polyphenols of the methanolic extract of aerial part of L. arborescens, we are also interested to investigate the butanol fraction of the water/acetone extract and isolate of the new flavonoids from this plant. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Launeae%20arborescens" title="Launeae arborescens">Launeae arborescens</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=asteraceae" title=" asteraceae"> asteraceae</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flavanone" title=" flavanone"> flavanone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=isoflavanone" title=" isoflavanone"> isoflavanone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=glycosid%20flavanone" title=" glycosid flavanone"> glycosid flavanone</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8457/phytochemical-investigation-of-butanol-extract-from-launeae-arborescens" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8457.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">469</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">272</span> Analysis of Total Quality Management (TQM) and Six Sigma in the Aerospace Industry</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Masimuddin%20Mohd%20Khaled">Masimuddin Mohd Khaled</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> From the past couple of years, focus has been done on the quality management theories and has been pertained to various firms. The core quality management theories are Total Quality Management (TQM) and Six Sigma where a number of documents have already been presented regarding these theories. The purpose of this paper is to study in detail about these theories and how the theories are applied in the aerospace industry. A methodical literature review, comparison of TQM and Six Sigma as well as a case study of each has been carried out in this paper thus providing a clear understanding of the theories. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=total%20quality%20management" title="total quality management">total quality management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=six%20sigma" title=" six sigma"> six sigma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aerospace" title=" aerospace"> aerospace</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=research" title=" research"> research</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=innovation" title=" innovation"> innovation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2134/analysis-of-total-quality-management-tqm-and-six-sigma-in-the-aerospace-industry" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2134.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">368</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">271</span> Association of Lipoprotein Lipase Gene (HindIII rs320) Polymorphisms with Moderate Hypertriglyceridemia Secondary to Metabolic Syndrome</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Meryem%20Abi-Ayad">Meryem Abi-Ayad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Biagio%20Arcidiacono"> Biagio Arcidiacono</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eusebio%20Chiefari"> Eusebio Chiefari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Daniela%20Foti"> Daniela Foti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Benyoucef"> Mohamed Benyoucef</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Antonio%20Brunetti"> Antonio Brunetti</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Lipoprotein Lipase (LPL) is a key enzyme for lipid metabolism; its genetic polymorphism can be a candidate for modulating lipids parameters in metabolic syndrome. The objective of the present study was to determine whether lipoproteins lipase polymorphisMetS (LPL-HindIII) could be associated with moderate hypertriglyceridemia (secondary to metabolism syndrome). The polymorphism Hind III (rs320) was assessed by PCR-RFLP in 51 MetS patients and 17 healthy controls from the hospital in Tlemcen. The logistic regression analyses showed no significant association with Hind III genotype and hypertriglyceridemia (TG ≥ 1,5g/l or TG lower treatment) (P=0,455), metabolic syndrome (P=0,455), hypertension (P=0,802) and type 2 diabetes (P=0,144). In terms of plasma biomarkers, although not statistically significant, there was a difference in TG levels (P > 0,05), which was lowest among carriers of the homogenous mutant allele (H-). In this study, there was no association between the rare allele (H-) and disease protection, and between the frequent allele (H+) and disease prevalence (hypertriglyceridemia, metabolic syndrome, hypertension, type 2 diabetes). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=moderate%20secondary%20hypertriglyceridemia" title="moderate secondary hypertriglyceridemia">moderate secondary hypertriglyceridemia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metabolic%20syndrome" title=" metabolic syndrome"> metabolic syndrome</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lipids" title=" lipids"> lipids</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polymorphism%20lipoprotein%20lipase" title=" polymorphism lipoprotein lipase"> polymorphism lipoprotein lipase</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HindIII%28rs320%29" title=" HindIII(rs320)"> HindIII(rs320)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73036/association-of-lipoprotein-lipase-gene-hindiii-rs320-polymorphisms-with-moderate-hypertriglyceridemia-secondary-to-metabolic-syndrome" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73036.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">321</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">270</span> Analysis of Six Sigma in the Aerospace Industry</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Masimuddin%20Mohd%20Khaled">Masimuddin Mohd Khaled</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper subsidizes to the discussion of Six Sigma in the Aerospace Industry. The main aim of this report is to study the literature review of Six Sigma emphasizing on the aerospace industry. The implementation of Six Sigma stages are studied and how the improvement cycle ‘Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, and Control cycle’ (DMAIC) and the design process is ‘Define, Measure, Analyze, Design, and Verify Cycle’ (DMADV) is used. The focus is also done by studying how the implementation of Six Sigma on an aerospace company has brought a positive effect to the company. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=six%20sigma" title="six sigma">six sigma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DMAIC" title=" DMAIC"> DMAIC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DMADV" title=" DMADV"> DMADV</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aerospace" title=" aerospace"> aerospace</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3177/analysis-of-six-sigma-in-the-aerospace-industry" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3177.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">367</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">269</span> Tabu Search Algorithm for Ship Routing and Scheduling Problem with Time Window</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khaled%20Moh.%20Alhamad">Khaled Moh. Alhamad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper describes a tabu search heuristic for a ship routing and scheduling problem (SRSP). The method was developed to address the problem of loading cargos for many customers using heterogeneous vessels. Constraints relate to delivery time windows imposed by customers, the time horizon by which all deliveries must be made and vessel capacities. The results of a computational investigation are presented. Solution quality and execution time are explored with respect to problem size and parameters controlling the tabu search such as tenure and neighbourhood size. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heuristic" title="heuristic">heuristic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scheduling" title=" scheduling"> scheduling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tabu%20search" title=" tabu search"> tabu search</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transportation" title=" transportation"> transportation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43484/tabu-search-algorithm-for-ship-routing-and-scheduling-problem-with-time-window" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43484.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">506</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">268</span> Hamilton-Jacobi Treatment of Damped Motion</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khaled%20I.%20Nawafleh">Khaled I. Nawafleh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this work, we apply the method of Hamilton-Jacobi to obtain solutions of Hamiltonian systems in classical mechanics with two certain structures: the first structure plays a central role in the theory of time-dependent Hamiltonians, whilst the second is used to treat classical Hamiltonians, including dissipation terms. It is proved that the generalization of problems from the calculus of variation methods in the nonstationary case can be obtained naturally in Hamilton-Jacobi formalism. Then, another expression of geometry of the Hamilton Jacobi equation is retrieved for Hamiltonians with time-dependent and frictional terms. Both approaches shall be applied to many physical examples. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamilton-Jacobi" title="Hamilton-Jacobi">Hamilton-Jacobi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=time%20dependent%20lagrangians" title=" time dependent lagrangians"> time dependent lagrangians</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dissipative%20systems" title=" dissipative systems"> dissipative systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=variational%20principle" title=" variational principle"> variational principle</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/127155/hamilton-jacobi-treatment-of-damped-motion" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/127155.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">179</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">267</span> Mapping of Traffic Noise in Riyadh City-Saudi Arabia </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khaled%20A.%20Alsaif">Khaled A. Alsaif</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mosaad%20A.%20Foda"> Mosaad A. Foda</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The present work aims at development of traffic noise maps for Riyadh City using the software Lima. Road traffic data were estimated or measured as accurate as possible in order to obtain consistent noise maps. The predicted noise levels at some selected sites are validated by actual field measurements, which are obtained by a system that consists of a sound level meter, a GPS receiver and a database to manage the measured data. The maps show that noise levels remain over 50 dBA and can exceed 70 dBA at the nearside of major roads and highways. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=noise%20pollution" title="noise pollution">noise pollution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=road%20traffic%20noise" title=" road traffic noise"> road traffic noise</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LimA%20predictor" title=" LimA predictor"> LimA predictor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GPS" title=" GPS"> GPS</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36791/mapping-of-traffic-noise-in-riyadh-city-saudi-arabia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36791.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">384</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">266</span> Efficiency and Performance of Legal Institutions in the Middle East in the 21st Century</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marco%20Khalaf%20Ayad%20Milhaail">Marco Khalaf Ayad Milhaail</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In thinking about the role of legal rules and their impact on social ethics and social structures, scholars have explored many issues related to gender, power, and ideology. First, it provides a framework for defining feminist legal studies through an overview of the field's evolution in terms of equality, rights, and justice. Secondly, it encourages those interested in equality, rights, and justice regarding women's issues to participate in international comparative law research. Third, we must emphasize that those seeking solutions to disability and discrimination must be aware of the need to confront the so-called undermining of culture. Therefore, an effective way for women to solve this problem is to rely heavily on international law, which establishes basic legal principles such as gender equality, rights, and justice and can help create a domestic environment. Woman has gained many advantages by adopting the law of Divorce in the Islamic Sharea. Any Egyptian woman can get divorce by letting her rightful rights and wealth to her husband in return for her freedom. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stability" title="stability">stability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=harsh%20environments" title=" harsh environments"> harsh environments</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=techniques" title=" techniques"> techniques</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal" title=" thermal"> thermal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=properties" title=" properties"> properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=materials" title=" materials"> materials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=applications" title=" applications"> applications</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=brittleness" title=" brittleness"> brittleness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fragility" title=" fragility"> fragility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=disadvantages" title=" disadvantages"> disadvantages</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bank" title=" bank"> bank</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=branches" title=" branches"> branches</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=profitability" title=" profitability"> profitability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=setting%20prediction" title=" setting prediction"> setting prediction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=effective%20target" title=" effective target"> effective target</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=measurement" title=" measurement"> measurement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=evaluation" title=" evaluation"> evaluation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=performance" title=" performance"> performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=commercial" title=" commercial"> commercial</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=business" title=" business"> business</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=profitability" title=" profitability"> profitability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainability" title=" sustainability"> sustainability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=financial" title=" financial"> financial</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=system" title=" system"> system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=banks" title=" banks"> banks</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186170/efficiency-and-performance-of-legal-institutions-in-the-middle-east-in-the-21st-century" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186170.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">40</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">265</span> The Works of Ibrahim Eissa: A Controversy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Malak%20Khaled%20Hosny">Malak Khaled Hosny</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The paper inspects Ibrahim Eissa, a famous Egyptian writer and TV persona, and his literary and film works. Having faced threats of persecution and assassination, Eissa is a controversial figure in Egyptian media, and his works always pose a trigger of outrage and conversation. His book The Preacher, his movie The Guest, and his TV show Faten Amal Harby all led to some controversy unfolding in Egyptian society, and all led to conversations erupting in Egyptian households and on social media platforms. Through a close reading of his written work and an analytic watch of his work on-screen, the paper delves into the details of the intentions behind and the repercussions of Ibrahim Eissa's work. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=censorship" title="censorship">censorship</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=film" title=" film"> film</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=literature" title=" literature"> literature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=religion" title=" religion"> religion</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/175686/the-works-of-ibrahim-eissa-a-controversy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/175686.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">106</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">264</span> Simultaneous Determination of Cefazolin and Cefotaxime in Urine by HPLC</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rafika%20Bibi">Rafika Bibi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khaled%20Khaladi"> Khaled Khaladi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hind%20Mokran"> Hind Mokran</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Salah%20Boukhechem"> Mohamed Salah Boukhechem</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A high performance liquid chromatographic method with ultraviolet detection at 264nm was developed and validate for quantitative determination and separation of cefazolin and cefotaxime in urine, the mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile and phosphate buffer pH4,2(15 :85) (v/v) pumped through ODB 250× 4,6 mm, 5um column at a flow rate of 1ml/min, loop of 20ul. In this condition, the validation of this technique showed that it is linear in a range of 0,01 to 10ug/ml with a good correlation coefficient ( R>0,9997), retention time of cefotaxime, cefazolin was 9.0, 10.1 respectively, the statistical evaluation of the method was examined by means of within day (n=6) and day to day (n=5) and was found to be satisfactory with high accuracy and precision. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cefazolin" title="cefazolin">cefazolin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cefotaxime" title=" cefotaxime"> cefotaxime</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HPLC" title=" HPLC"> HPLC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bioscience" title=" bioscience"> bioscience</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biochemistry" title=" biochemistry"> biochemistry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pharmaceutical" title=" pharmaceutical "> pharmaceutical </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2548/simultaneous-determination-of-cefazolin-and-cefotaxime-in-urine-by-hplc" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2548.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">363</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khaled%20E.%20Ayad&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khaled%20E.%20Ayad&page=3">3</a></li> <li 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