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[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Zaloguj się</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Strony dla anonimowych edytorów <a href="/wiki/Pomoc:Pierwsze_kroki" aria-label="Dowiedz się więcej na temat edytowania"><span>dowiedz się więcej</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Specjalna:M%C3%B3j_wk%C5%82ad" title="Lista edycji wykonanych z tego adresu IP [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Edycje</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Specjalna:Moja_dyskusja" title="Dyskusja użytkownika dla tego adresu IP [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Dyskusja</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Witryna"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Spis treści" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Spis treści</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">przypnij</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">ukryj</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Początek</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Zobacz_też" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Zobacz_też"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Zobacz też</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Zobacz_też-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Przypisy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Przypisy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Przypisy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Przypisy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Spis treści" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Przełącz stan spisu treści" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Przełącz stan spisu treści</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Układ kombinacyjny</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Przejdź do artykułu w innym języku. Treść dostępna w 26 językach" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-26" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">26 języków</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kombinasielogika" title="Kombinasielogika – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Kombinasielogika" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B7%D9%82_%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%81%D9%82%D9%8A" title="منطق توافقي – arabski" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="منطق توافقي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Камбінацыйная схема – białoruski" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Камбінацыйная схема" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="białoruski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Комбинационна логическа схема – bułgarski" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Комбинационна логическа схема" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bułgarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%B2gica_combinacional" title="Lògica combinacional – kataloński" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Lògica combinacional" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="kataloński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kombina%C4%8Dn%C3%AD_obvod" title="Kombinační obvod – czeski" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Kombinační obvod" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="czeski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kombinatorisk_kredsl%C3%B8b" title="Kombinatorisk kredsløb – duński" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Kombinatorisk kredsløb" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="duński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schaltnetz" title="Schaltnetz – niemiecki" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Schaltnetz" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="niemiecki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combinational_logic" title="Combinational logic – angielski" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Combinational logic" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="angielski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistema_combinacional" title="Sistema combinacional – hiszpański" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Sistema combinacional" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="hiszpański" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistema_konbinazional" title="Sistema konbinazional – baskijski" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Sistema konbinazional" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B7%D9%82_%D8%AA%D8%B1%DA%A9%DB%8C%D8%A8%DB%8C" title="منطق ترکیبی – perski" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="منطق ترکیبی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logique_combinatoire_(%C3%A9lectronique)" title="Logique combinatoire (électronique) – francuski" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Logique combinatoire (électronique)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francuski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A1%B0%ED%95%A9_%EB%85%BC%EB%A6%AC" title="조합 논리 – koreański" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="조합 논리" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreański" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95" title="संयोजन तर्क – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="संयोजन तर्क" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circuito_combinatorio" title="Circuito combinatorio – włoski" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Circuito combinatorio" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="włoski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%A2%D7%92%D7%9C_%D7%A6%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%99" title="מעגל צירופי – hebrajski" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מעגל צירופי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebrajski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kombin%C3%A1ci%C3%B3s_h%C3%A1l%C3%B3zat" title="Kombinációs hálózat – węgierski" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Kombinációs hálózat" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="węgierski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combinatorisch_circuit" title="Combinatorisch circuit – niderlandzki" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Combinatorisch circuit" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="niderlandzki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mantiqiy_elementlar_kombinatsiyasi" title="Mantiqiy elementlar kombinatsiyasi – uzbecki" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Mantiqiy elementlar kombinatsiyasi" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbecki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%B3gica_combinat%C3%B3ria_(sistemas_digitais)" title="Lógica combinatória (sistemas digitais) – portugalski" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Lógica combinatória (sistemas digitais)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Комбинационная логика – rosyjski" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Комбинационная логика" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rosyjski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Комбинациона логика – serbski" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Комбинациона логика" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%9C%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A1" title="วงจรเชิงผสม – tajski" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="วงจรเชิงผสม" data-language-autonym="ไทย" 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elementu w repozytorium danych [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Element Wikidanych</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Narzędzia dla stron"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Wygląd"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Wygląd</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">przypnij</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">ukryj</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Z Wikipedii, wolnej encyklopedii</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="pl" dir="ltr"><p><b>Układ kombinacyjny</b> – rodzaj <a href="/wiki/Uk%C5%82ad_cyfrowy" title="Układ cyfrowy">układów cyfrowych</a> charakteryzujący się tym, że stan wyjść zależy wyłącznie od stanu wejść. </p><p>Stan wyjść opisują <a href="/wiki/Funkcja_boolowska" title="Funkcja boolowska">funkcje boolowskie</a>, których argumentami są stany wejść – w przeciwieństwie do <a href="/wiki/Uk%C5%82ad_sekwencyjny" title="Układ sekwencyjny">układów sekwencyjnych</a>, których stan wyjść zależy nie tylko od stanu wejść, ale również od poprzedniego stanu wyjść. W układach kombinacyjnych nie występuje <a href="/wiki/Sprz%C4%99%C5%BCenie_zwrotne" title="Sprzężenie zwrotne">sprzężenie zwrotne</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a></sup>. </p><p>W układach cyfrowych ma miejsce niekorzystne zjawisko, nazwane <b><a href="/wiki/Hazard_(elektronika)" title="Hazard (elektronika)">hazardem</a></b>, którego podłożem jest niezerowy <a href="/wiki/Czas_propagacji" title="Czas propagacji">czas propagacji</a> (rozchodzenia się) sygnałów. W <a href="/wiki/Uk%C5%82ad_sekwencyjny" title="Układ sekwencyjny">układach synchronicznych</a> zjawisko hazardu praktycznie nie występuje<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a></sup>. </p><p>Do funkcjonalnych bloków kombinacyjnych zalicza się<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a></sup>: </p> <ul><li>Komutatory – <a href="/wiki/Multiplekser" title="Multiplekser">multiplekser</a>, <a href="/wiki/Demultiplekser" title="Demultiplekser">demultiplekser</a>,</li> <li>Konwertery kodów – <a href="/wiki/Koder" title="Koder">koder</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dekoder" title="Dekoder">dekoder</a>, <a href="/wiki/Transkoder" title="Transkoder">transkoder</a>,</li> <li>Bloki arytmetyczne – <a href="/wiki/Sumator_(uk%C5%82ad_logiczny)" title="Sumator (układ logiczny)">sumator</a>, <a href="/wiki/Komparator" title="Komparator">komparator</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jednostka_arytmetyczno-logiczna" title="Jednostka arytmetyczno-logiczna">ALU</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Zobacz_też"><span id="Zobacz_te.C5.BC"></span>Zobacz też</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Uk%C5%82ad_kombinacyjny&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Edytuj sekcję: Zobacz też" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edytuj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Uk%C5%82ad_kombinacyjny&action=edit&section=1" title="Edytuj kod źródłowy sekcji: Zobacz też"><span>edytuj kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Uk%C5%82ad_cyfrowy" title="Układ cyfrowy">układ cyfrowy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uk%C5%82ad_sekwencyjny" title="Układ sekwencyjny">układ sekwencyjny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uk%C5%82ad_wej%C5%9Bcia-wyj%C5%9Bcia" title="Układ wejścia-wyjścia">układ wejścia-wyjścia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uk%C5%82ad_otwarty_(automatyka)" title="Układ otwarty (automatyka)">układ otwarty</a> (automatyka)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Przypisy">Przypisy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Uk%C5%82ad_kombinacyjny&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Edytuj sekcję: Przypisy" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edytuj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Uk%C5%82ad_kombinacyjny&action=edit&section=2" title="Edytuj kod źródłowy sekcji: Przypisy"><span>edytuj kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="do-not-make-smaller refsection"><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Wojciech Głocki: <i>Układy cyfrowe</i>. Wyd. 2. Warszawa: WSiP, 1998, s. 32-33. <a href="/wiki/Specjalna:Ksi%C4%85%C5%BCki/8302062421" title="Specjalna:Książki/8302062421">ISBN <span class="isbn">83-02-06242-1</span></a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Uk%C5%82ady+cyfrowe&rft.aulast=G%C5%82ocki&rft.aufirst=Wojciech&rft.edition=2&rft.pub=WSiP&rft.place=Warszawa&rft.pages=32-33&rft.isbn=83-02-06242-1"></span></cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Wojciech Głocki: <i>Układy cyfrowe</i>. Wyd. 2. Warszawa: WSiP, 1998, s. 170-171. <a href="/wiki/Specjalna:Ksi%C4%85%C5%BCki/8302062421" title="Specjalna:Książki/8302062421">ISBN <span class="isbn">83-02-06242-1</span></a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Uk%C5%82ady+cyfrowe&rft.aulast=G%C5%82ocki&rft.aufirst=Wojciech&rft.edition=2&rft.pub=WSiP&rft.place=Warszawa&rft.pages=170-171&rft.isbn=83-02-06242-1"></span></cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Cezary Zieliński: <i>Podstawy projektowania układów cyfrowych</i>. Warszawa: PWN, 2013, s. 289-294. <a href="/wiki/Specjalna:Ksi%C4%85%C5%BCki/9788301140526" title="Specjalna:Książki/9788301140526">ISBN <span class="isbn">978-83-01-14052-6</span></a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Podstawy+projektowania+uk%C5%82ad%C3%B3w+cyfrowych&rft.aulast=Zieli%C5%84ski&rft.aufirst=Cezary&rft.date=2013&rft.pub=PWN&rft.place=Warszawa&rft.pages=289-294&rft.isbn=978-83-01-14052-6"></span></cite></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r74016753">.mw-parser-output #normdaten>div+div{margin-top:0.5em}.mw-parser-output #normdaten>div>div{background:var(--background-color-neutral,#eaecf0);padding:.2em .5em}.mw-parser-output #normdaten ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output #normdaten ul li:first-child{padding-left:.5em;border-left:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1)}</style> <div id="normdaten" class="catlinks"><div class="normdaten-typ-fehlt"><div><a href="/wiki/Kontrola_autorytatywna" title="Kontrola autorytatywna">Kontrola autorytatywna</a> (<span class="description">algebra Boole'a</span>):</div><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" title="Library of Congress Control Number">LCCN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lccn.loc.gov/sh2007000413">sh2007000413</a></span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">GND</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://d-nb.info/gnd/4052053-5">4052053-5</a></span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Biblioteka_Narodowa_Izraela" title="Biblioteka Narodowa Izraela">J9U</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007547114305171">987007547114305171</a></span></li></ul></div></div></div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Źródło: „<a dir="ltr" href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Układ_kombinacyjny&oldid=69527243">https://pl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Układ_kombinacyjny&oldid=69527243</a>”</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Specjalna:Kategorie" title="Specjalna:Kategorie">Kategoria</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategoria:Elektronika_cyfrowa" title="Kategoria:Elektronika cyfrowa">Elektronika cyfrowa</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Tę stronę ostatnio edytowano 7 lut 2023, 09:26.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Tekst udostępniany na licencji <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.pl">Creative Commons: uznanie autorstwa, na tych samych warunkach</a>, z możliwością obowiązywania dodatkowych ograniczeń. 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