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mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Udder</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8B%D0%BC%D1%8F" title="Вымя – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Вымя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8B%D0%BC%D1%8F" title="Вымя – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Вымя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vime" title="Vime – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Vime" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Braguer" title="Braguer – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Braguer" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vemeno" title="Vemeno – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Vemeno" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pwrs_(chwarren_laeth)" title="Pwrs (chwarren laeth) – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Pwrs (chwarren laeth)" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yver" title="Yver – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Yver" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euter" title="Euter – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Euter" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ubre" title="Ubre – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ubre" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Errape" title="Errape – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Errape" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86_(%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86)" title="پستان (جانوران) – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پستان (جانوران)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mamelle" title="Mamelle – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Mamelle" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%9Ath" title="Úth – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Úth" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ubre" title="Ubre – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Ubre" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%B6%95%EB%9D%BD" title="축락 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="축락" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BF%D5%B8%D6%82%D6%80%D5%AE" title="Կուրծ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Կուրծ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%A8" title="थन – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="थन" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ambing" title="Ambing – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Ambing" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%BAgur" title="Júgur – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Júgur" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%86%E0%B2%9A%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9A%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%81" title="ಕೆಚ್ಚಲು – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಕೆಚ್ಚಲು" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesmenis" title="Tesmenis – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Tesmenis" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Te%C5%A1muo" title="Tešmuo – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Tešmuo" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5" title="Виме – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Виме" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D" title="അകിട് – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="അകിട്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ambing" title="Ambing – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Ambing" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uier" title="Uier – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Uier" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geer" title="Geer – Low Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Geer" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Low Saxon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A5%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A8" title="थुन – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="थुन" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jur" title="Jur – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Jur" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jur" title="Jur – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Jur" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%AA%E0%AC%B9%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%A8%E0%AC%BE" title="ପହ୍ନା – Odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ପହ୍ନା" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yelin" title="Yelin – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Yelin" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wymi%C4%99" title="Wymię – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Wymię" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%9Abere" title="Úbere – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Úbere" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8B%D0%BC%D1%8F" title="Вымя – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Вымя" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minna_(mammella_di_l%27armali)" title="Minna (mammella di l'armali) – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Minna (mammella di l'armali)" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vime" title="Vime – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Vime" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utare" title="Utare – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Utare" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juver" title="Juver – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Juver" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tama%E1%BA%93%E1%BA%93agt" title="Tamaẓẓagt – Kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Tamaẓẓagt" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BC%27%D1%8F" title="Вим'я – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Вим'я" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Te%C5%A1mou" title="Tešmou – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Tešmou" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q624043#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> 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</div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to 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div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the ice cream store brand, see <a href="/wiki/Udders_(ice_cream)" title="Udders (ice cream)">Udders (ice cream)</a>.</div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cow_udders02.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Cow_udders02.jpg/250px-Cow_udders02.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Cow_udders02.jpg/375px-Cow_udders02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Cow_udders02.jpg/500px-Cow_udders02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>Udder of a <a href="/wiki/Cow" class="mw-redirect" title="Cow">cow</a></figcaption></figure> <p>An <b>udder</b> is an <a href="/wiki/Organ_(anatomy)" class="mw-redirect" title="Organ (anatomy)">organ</a> formed of two or four <a href="/wiki/Mammary_glands" class="mw-redirect" title="Mammary glands">mammary glands</a> on the females of dairy animals and <a href="/wiki/Ruminant" title="Ruminant">ruminants</a> such as <a href="/wiki/Cattle" title="Cattle">cattle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Goat" title="Goat">goats</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Sheep" title="Sheep">sheep</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Frandson2013_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Frandson2013-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> An udder is <a href="/wiki/Homology_(biology)" title="Homology (biology)">equivalent</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Breast" title="Breast">breast</a> in primates, elephantine <a href="/wiki/Pachyderms" class="mw-redirect" title="Pachyderms">pachyderms</a> and other mammals. The udder is a single mass hanging beneath the animal, consisting of pairs of mammary glands with protruding <a href="/wiki/Teat" title="Teat">teats</a>. In cattle, camels and deer, there are normally two pairs, in sheep and goats, there is one pair, and in some animals, there are many pairs. In animals with udders, the mammary glands develop on the <a href="/wiki/Milk_line" class="mw-redirect" title="Milk line">milk line</a> near the groin. Mammary glands that develop on the chest (such as in <a href="/wiki/Primate" title="Primate">primates</a> and <a href="/wiki/Elephants" class="mw-redirect" title="Elephants">elephants</a>) are generally referred to as <a href="/wiki/Breasts" class="mw-redirect" title="Breasts">breasts</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Frandson2013_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Frandson2013-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Udder care and hygiene in cows is important in <a href="/wiki/Milking" title="Milking">milking</a>, aiding uninterrupted and untainted milk production, and preventing <a href="/wiki/Mastitis_in_dairy_cattle" title="Mastitis in dairy cattle">mastitis</a>. Products exist to soothe the chapped skin of the udder. This helps prevent bacterial infection, and reduces irritation during milking by the cups, and so the cow is less likely to kick the cups off. It has been demonstrated that incorporating nutritional supplements into diet, including vitamin E, is an additional method of improving udder health and reducing infection.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Udder&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Udder has been attested in <a href="/wiki/Middle_English" title="Middle English">Middle English</a> as <span title="Middle English (1100-1500)-language text"><i lang="enm">udder</i></span> or <span title="Middle English (1100-1500)-language text"><i lang="enm">uddyr</i></span> (also as <span title="Middle English (1100-1500)-language text"><i lang="enm">uther</i></span>, <span title="Middle English (1100-1500)-language text"><i lang="enm">iddyr</i></span>), and in <a href="/wiki/Old_English" title="Old English">Old English</a> as <span title="Old English (ca. 450-1100)-language text"><i lang="ang">ūder</i></span>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was evolved from the <a href="/wiki/Proto-Germanic_language" title="Proto-Germanic language">Proto-Germanic</a> reconstructed root <i>*eudrą</i> or <i>*ūdrą</i>, which in turn descended from <a href="/wiki/Proto-Indo-European_language" title="Proto-Indo-European language">Proto-Indo-European</a> <i>*h₁ówHdʰr̥</i> (“udder”). It is cognate with <a href="/wiki/Saterland_Frisian_language" title="Saterland Frisian language">Saterland Frisian</a> <span title="Saterland Frisian-language text"><i lang="stq">Jadder</i></span> (“udder”), <a href="/wiki/Dutch_language" title="Dutch language">Dutch</a> <span title="Dutch-language text"><i lang="nl">uier</i></span> (“udder”), <a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a> <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Euter</i></span> (“udder”), <a href="/wiki/Swedish_language" title="Swedish language">Swedish</a> <span title="Swedish-language text"><i lang="sv">juver</i></span> (“udder”), <a href="/wiki/Icelandic_language" title="Icelandic language">Icelandic</a> <span title="Icelandic-language text"><i lang="is">júgur</i></span> (“udder”), <a href="/wiki/Vedic_Sanskrit" title="Vedic Sanskrit">Vedic Sanskrit</a> ऊधर् (ū́dhar), <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek" title="Ancient Greek">Ancient Greek</a> <span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc-Grek" style="font-style: normal;">οὖθαρ</span></span> (<span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><i lang="grc-Latn">oûthar</i></span>), and <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a> <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">ūber</i></span>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="As_food">As food</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Udder&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: As food"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The udder, or <i>elder</i> in Ireland, Scotland and northern England, of a slaughtered cow was in times past prepared and consumed.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In other countries, like Italy, parts of Pakistan, and some South American countries, cow udder is still consumed in dishes like the traditional <span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teteun&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teteun (page does not exist)">teteun</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/teteun" class="extiw" title="it:teteun">it</a>]</span></i></span> and <a href="/wiki/Chilean_cuisine#Intestinos_(offal)_dishes" title="Chilean cuisine">ubres asada</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Udder&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Frandson2013-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Frandson2013_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Frandson2013_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFRowen_D._FrandsonW._Lee_WilkeAnna_Dee_Fails2013" class="citation cs2">Rowen D. Frandson; W. Lee Wilke; Anna Dee Fails (1 April 2013), <i>Anatomy and Physiology of Farm Animals</i>, John Wiley & Sons, pp. <span class="nowrap">449–</span>451, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-118-68601-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-118-68601-0"><bdi>978-1-118-68601-0</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Anatomy+and+Physiology+of+Farm+Animals&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E449-%3C%2Fspan%3E451&rft.pub=John+Wiley+%26+Sons&rft.date=2013-04-01&rft.isbn=978-1-118-68601-0&rft.au=Rowen+D.+Frandson&rft.au=W.+Lee+Wilke&rft.au=Anna+Dee+Fails&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUdder" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFO'Rourke2009" class="citation journal cs1">O'Rourke, D (2009-04-01). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3339345">"Nutrition and udder health in dairy cows: a review"</a>. <i>Irish Veterinary Journal</i>. <b>62</b> (Suppl 4): <span class="nowrap">S15 –</span> <span class="nowrap">S20</span>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1186%2F2046-0481-62-S4-S15">10.1186/2046-0481-62-S4-S15</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0368-0762">0368-0762</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3339345">3339345</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22082340">22082340</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Irish+Veterinary+Journal&rft.atitle=Nutrition+and+udder+health+in+dairy+cows%3A+a+review&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=Suppl+4&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3ES15+-%3C%2Fspan%3E+%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3ES20%3C%2Fspan%3E&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3339345%23id-name%3DPMC&rft.issn=0368-0762&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F22082340&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1186%2F2046-0481-62-S4-S15&rft.aulast=O%27Rourke&rft.aufirst=D&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3339345&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUdder" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://quod.lib.umich.edu/m/middle-english-dictionary/dictionary/MED47547">"udder - Middle English Compendium"</a>. <i>quod.lib.umich.edu</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-01-31</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=quod.lib.umich.edu&rft.atitle=udder+-+Middle+English+Compendium&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fquod.lib.umich.edu%2Fm%2Fmiddle-english-dictionary%2Fdictionary%2FMED47547&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUdder" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKroonen2013" class="citation book cs1">Kroonen, Guus (2013-07-19). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://brill.com/view/title/12611"><i>Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic</i></a>. Brill. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-04-18340-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-04-18340-7"><bdi>978-90-04-18340-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Etymological+Dictionary+of+Proto-Germanic&rft.pub=Brill&rft.date=2013-07-19&rft.isbn=978-90-04-18340-7&rft.aulast=Kroonen&rft.aufirst=Guus&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbrill.com%2Fview%2Ftitle%2F12611&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUdder" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irishtimes.com/news/the-words-we-use-1.1115207">The Words We Use</a>, Diarmaid O Muirithe, irishtimes.com, 11 November 2000</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 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