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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Frederick Hale (American politician)</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick_Hale" title="Frederick Hale – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Frederick Hale" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%83_%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%85" title="فريدريك ويليام – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="فريدريك ويليام" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick_Hale" title="Frederick Hale – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Frederick Hale" 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(1874–1963)</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Frederick Hale</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Frederickhale.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Frederickhale.jpg/220px-Frederickhale.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="291" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Frederickhale.jpg/330px-Frederickhale.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Frederickhale.jpg/440px-Frederickhale.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5469" data-file-height="7244" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">United States Senator</a><br />from <a href="/wiki/Maine" title="Maine">Maine</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />March 4, 1917 – January 3, 1941</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Fletcher_Johnson" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles Fletcher Johnson">Charles Johnson</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Owen_Brewster" title="Owen Brewster">Owen Brewster</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Frederick Hale</div><br /><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1874-10-07</span>)</span>October 7, 1874<br /><a href="/wiki/Detroit,_Michigan" class="mw-redirect" title="Detroit, Michigan">Detroit, Michigan</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">September 28, 1963<span style="display:none">(1963-09-28)</span> (aged 88)<br /><a href="/wiki/Portland,_Maine" title="Portland, Maine">Portland, Maine</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Parent</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Eugene_Hale" title="Eugene Hale">Eugene Hale</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Relatives</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Chandler_Hale" title="Chandler Hale">Chandler Hale</a> (Brother)<br /><a href="/wiki/Zachariah_Chandler" title="Zachariah Chandler">Zachariah Chandler</a> (Grandfather)<br /><a href="/wiki/Robert_Hale_(Maine_politician)" title="Robert Hale (Maine politician)">Robert Hale</a> (Cousin)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University" title="Harvard University">Harvard University</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Arts" title="Bachelor of Arts">BA</a>)<br /><a href="/wiki/Columbia_University" title="Columbia University">Columbia University</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Frederick Hale</b> (October 7, 1874 – September 28, 1963) was the <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Maine" title="List of United States senators from Maine">United States senator from Maine</a> from 1917 to 1941. He was the son of <a href="/wiki/Eugene_Hale" title="Eugene Hale">Eugene Hale</a> and the grandson of <a href="/wiki/Zachariah_Chandler" title="Zachariah Chandler">Zachariah Chandler</a>, both also U.S. senators. He was the brother of diplomat <a href="/wiki/Chandler_Hale" title="Chandler Hale">Chandler Hale</a>, and the cousin of U.S. Representative <a href="/wiki/Robert_Hale_(Maine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert Hale (Maine)">Robert Hale</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biography">Biography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Frederick_Hale_(American_politician)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Biography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Frederick_Hale,_United_States_Senator_%E2%80%9CProgressive_Legislation%E2%80%9D_1918_art_-_Mother_Goose_comes_to_Portland;_(IA_mothergoosecomes00free)_(page_45_crop).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Frederick_Hale%2C_United_States_Senator_%E2%80%9CProgressive_Legislation%E2%80%9D_1918_art_-_Mother_Goose_comes_to_Portland%3B_%28IA_mothergoosecomes00free%29_%28page_45_crop%29.jpg/262px-Frederick_Hale%2C_United_States_Senator_%E2%80%9CProgressive_Legislation%E2%80%9D_1918_art_-_Mother_Goose_comes_to_Portland%3B_%28IA_mothergoosecomes00free%29_%28page_45_crop%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="262" height="264" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Frederick_Hale%2C_United_States_Senator_%E2%80%9CProgressive_Legislation%E2%80%9D_1918_art_-_Mother_Goose_comes_to_Portland%3B_%28IA_mothergoosecomes00free%29_%28page_45_crop%29.jpg/393px-Frederick_Hale%2C_United_States_Senator_%E2%80%9CProgressive_Legislation%E2%80%9D_1918_art_-_Mother_Goose_comes_to_Portland%3B_%28IA_mothergoosecomes00free%29_%28page_45_crop%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Frederick_Hale%2C_United_States_Senator_%E2%80%9CProgressive_Legislation%E2%80%9D_1918_art_-_Mother_Goose_comes_to_Portland%3B_%28IA_mothergoosecomes00free%29_%28page_45_crop%29.jpg/524px-Frederick_Hale%2C_United_States_Senator_%E2%80%9CProgressive_Legislation%E2%80%9D_1918_art_-_Mother_Goose_comes_to_Portland%3B_%28IA_mothergoosecomes00free%29_%28page_45_crop%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1308" data-file-height="1318" /></a><figcaption>Frederick Hale, United States Senator, “Progressive Legislation” art in 1918 book, <i>Mother Goose comes to Portland</i></figcaption></figure> <p>Hale was born on October 7, 1874, in <a href="/wiki/Detroit,_Michigan" class="mw-redirect" title="Detroit, Michigan">Detroit, Michigan</a>, to <a href="/wiki/Eugene_Hale" title="Eugene Hale">Eugene Hale</a>. He attended the <a href="/wiki/Lawrenceville_School" title="Lawrenceville School">Lawrenceville School</a>, and graduated from <a href="/wiki/Groton_School" title="Groton School">Groton School</a> in 1892. He graduated from <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University" title="Harvard University">Harvard University</a> in 1896 and attended <a href="/wiki/Columbia_Law_School" title="Columbia Law School">Columbia Law School</a> in <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a> from 1896 to 1897. He was <a href="/wiki/Admitted_to_the_bar" class="mw-redirect" title="Admitted to the bar">admitted to the bar</a> and commenced the practice of law in <a href="/wiki/Portland,_Maine" title="Portland, Maine">Portland, Maine</a>, in 1899. </p><p>Hale was a <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> member of the <a href="/wiki/Maine_House_of_Representatives" title="Maine House of Representatives">Maine House of Representatives</a>, 1905–1906; and a member of the <a href="/wiki/Republican_National_Committee" title="Republican National Committee">Republican National Committee</a>, 1912-1918. In 1916, he was elected as a Republican to the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">United States Senate</a>, defeating incumbent Democrat <a href="/wiki/Charles_Fletcher_Johnson" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles Fletcher Johnson">Charles Fletcher Johnson</a> to reclaim the Senate seat that had been held by his father Eugene Hale. </p><p>He was reelected in 1922, 1928, and again in 1934, serving from March 4, 1917, to January 3, 1941. </p><p>Hale opposed<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and voted against<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the <a href="/wiki/Sedition_Act_of_1918" title="Sedition Act of 1918">Sedition Act of 1918</a> during the presidency of <a href="/wiki/Woodrow_Wilson" title="Woodrow Wilson">Woodrow Wilson</a>. He also opposed the <a href="/wiki/Internationalism_(politics)" title="Internationalism (politics)">internationalist</a> <a href="/wiki/League_of_Nations" title="League of Nations">League of Nations</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-nytimes_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nytimes-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the presidency of <a href="/wiki/Calvin_Coolidge" title="Calvin Coolidge">Calvin Coolidge</a>, a proposal was made by fellow Republican senator Reed Smoot of <a href="/wiki/Utah" title="Utah">Utah</a> to reduce the top income tax rate to 32%.<sup id="cite_ref-taxcuts1920s_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-taxcuts1920s-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although the majority of the GOP including Hale supported the measure, it was defeated in a 36–47 vote.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hale also voted against an amendment introduced by Furnifold Simmons<sup id="cite_ref-taxcuts1920s_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-taxcuts1920s-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to raise the maximum income tax rate by 2.5%.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the 1928 Republican primary, Hale defeated incumbent governor <a href="/wiki/Owen_Brewster" title="Owen Brewster">Owen Brewster</a> for their party's nomination which signaled the end of the <a href="/wiki/Ku_Klux_Klan_in_Maine" title="Ku Klux Klan in Maine">Ku Klux Klan in Maine</a> as an important political factor. </p><p>He was not a candidate for renomination in 1940. He served as chairman, <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Canadian_Relations" title="United States Senate Committee on Canadian Relations">Committee on Canadian Relations</a> in the <a href="/wiki/69th_United_States_Congress" title="69th United States Congress">Sixty-sixth Congress</a>, and served on the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Naval_Affairs" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Senate Committee on Naval Affairs">Committee on Naval Affairs</a> in the <a href="/wiki/68th_United_States_Congress" title="68th United States Congress">Sixty-eighth</a> through <a href="/wiki/72nd_United_States_Congress" title="72nd United States Congress">Seventy-second</a> Congresses, and the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Appropriations" title="United States Senate Committee on Appropriations">Committee on Appropriations</a> in the <a href="/wiki/72nd_United_States_Congress" title="72nd United States Congress">Seventy-second Congress</a>. </p><p>A fierce opponent of the Ku Klux Klan faction of the Republican Party in Maine, Hale was one of a handful of senators who voted against the elevation of <a href="/wiki/Hugo_Black" title="Hugo Black">Hugo Black</a> to the Supreme Court in 1937 based on his alleged Klan membership.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Opposing the <a href="/wiki/Liberalism" title="Liberalism">liberal</a> agenda during the presidency of <a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt">Franklin D. Roosevelt</a>, Hale resisted <a href="/wiki/New_Deal" title="New Deal">New Deal</a> programs<sup id="cite_ref-nytimes_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nytimes-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> at an even greater frequency than his Maine senatorial colleague <a href="/wiki/Wallace_H._White" title="Wallace H. White">Wallace H. White</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This includes his vote against the <a href="/wiki/National_Labor_Relations_Act_of_1935" title="National Labor Relations Act of 1935">National Labor Relations Act (Wagner Act)</a>, which White supported.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He retired to private life and died in Portland, Maine, on September 28, 1963. He is interred in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Woodbine_Cemetery&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Woodbine Cemetery (page does not exist)">Woodbine Cemetery</a> in <a href="/wiki/Ellsworth,_Maine" title="Ellsworth, Maine">Ellsworth, Maine</a>. At the time of his death, Hale was the last living senator who was serving at the time of the United States' declaration of war against the German Empire, which precipitated the United States' participation in World War I. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Charles_Thornton_Libby_incident">Charles Thornton Libby incident</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Frederick_Hale_(American_politician)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Charles Thornton Libby incident"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In May 1910, Hale attacked <a href="/wiki/Charles_Thornton_Libby" title="Charles Thornton Libby">Charles Thornton Libby</a> with a whip following an article about Hale's mother that was published in the <i><a href="/wiki/Six_Towns_Times" title="Six Towns Times">Six Towns Times</a></i>, of which Libby was the editor. Hale had entered Libby's office in Portland, holding a copy of the newspaper, and asked, "Are you responsible for this?" Libby looked at it and replied in the affirmative. Hale pulled a whip out from under his coat and struck Libby several times, saying, "Take that, you cur." Hale then threw the whip on the office floor and struck Libby. "This is what I do to anyone who insults my mother." After Hale left, Libby said: "I like him better than I did before. It was a manly thing to do. A man who wouldn't stand up for his mother don't amount to much."<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Frederick_Hale_(American_politician)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">FascinatingPolitics (April 14, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fascinatingpolitics.com/2018/04/14/the-sedition-act-opposed-by-republicans/">The Sedition Act: Opposed by Republicans!</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210827163513/https://fascinatingpolitics.com/2018/04/14/the-sedition-act-opposed-by-republicans/">Archived</a> 2021-08-27 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. <i>Mad Politics: The Bizarre, Fascinating, and Unknown of American Political History</i>. Retrieved August 27, 2021.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govtrack.us/congress/votes/65-2/s247">TO AGREE TO H.R. 8753 (STAT-40-L-553, 5/16/18), A BILL AMENDING AN ACT PUNISHING ACTS O F INTERFERENCE WITH FOREIGN RELATIONS, NEUTRALITY, FOREIGN COMMERCE AND ESPIONAGE, AND TO BETTER ENFORCE CRIMINAL LAWS. (P. 6057-1).</a>. <i>GovTrack.us</i>. Retrieved August 27, 2021.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nytimes-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nytimes_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nytimes_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">September 29, 1963. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1963/09/29/archives/frederick-hale-is-dead-at-88-senator-from-maine-191641-was.html">Frederick Hale Is Dead at 88; Senator From Maine, 1916-41; Was Top-Ranking Republican --Favored Big Navy, Fought League and New Deal Signed Lodge Resolution Opposed Roosevelt Harvard '96 Graduate</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. Retrieved August 27, 2021.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-taxcuts1920s-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-taxcuts1920s_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-taxcuts1920s_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">FascinatingPolitics (July 25, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fascinatingpolitics.com/2018/07/25/racism-and-tax-cutsare-they-really-peas-in-a-pod/">Racism and Tax Cuts…Are They Really Peas in a Pod?</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210827163513/https://fascinatingpolitics.com/2018/07/25/racism-and-tax-cutsare-they-really-peas-in-a-pod/">Archived</a> 2021-08-27 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. <i>Mad Politics: The Bizarre, Fascinating, and Unknown of American Political History</i>. Retrieved August 27, 2021.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govtrack.us/congress/votes/68-1/s117">TO AMEND, IN THE NATURE OF A SUBSTITUTE, H.R. 6715, BY MAKING THE MAXIMUM SURTAX RATE 32 PER CENT.</a>. <i>GovTrack.us</i>. Retrieved August 27, 2021.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govtrack.us/congress/votes/68-1/s118">TO AGREE TO THE AMENDMENT TO H.R. 6715, WHICH AMENDMENT PROVIDES THAT THE MAXIMUM RATE ON INCOMES BE 40 PER CENT INSTEAD OF 37 1/2 PER CENT. (P. 8195-2).</a>. <i>GovTrack.us</i>. Retrieved August 27, 2021.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Dons Robe of Supreme Court Justice in October", Nashua Telegraph, Aug. 18, 1937, p. 6</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govtrack.us/congress/votes/75-1/s71">TO CONFIRM THE NOMINATION OF HUGO BLACK TO BE ASSOCIATE JUSTICE OF THE SUPREME COURT.</a>. <i>GovTrack.us</i>. Retrieved August 27, 2021.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">FascinatingPolitics (September 23, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fascinatingpolitics.com/2018/09/23/how-the-northeast-became-democratic-part-iv-maine-sort-of/">How the Northeast Became Democratic, Part IV: Maine (Sort of)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210827163512/https://fascinatingpolitics.com/2018/09/23/how-the-northeast-became-democratic-part-iv-maine-sort-of/">Archived</a> 2021-08-27 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. <i>Mad Politics: The Bizarre, Fascinating, and Unknown of American Political History</i>. Retrieved August 27, 2021.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govtrack.us/congress/votes/74-1/s66">TO PASS S. 1958, A BILL TO PROVIDE FOR SETTLEMENT OF LABOR DISPUTES.</a>. <i>GovTrack.us</i>. Retrieved August 27, 2021.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/31804469/charles-thornton-libby-editor/">"Charles Thornton Libby "Editor Thrashed"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Norwich Bulletin</i>. 1910-05-03. p. 1<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-06-08</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Norwich+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Charles+Thornton+Libby+%22Editor+Thrashed%22&rft.pages=1&rft.date=1910-05-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fclip%2F31804469%2Fcharles-thornton-libby-editor%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFrederick+Hale+%28American+politician%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Frederick_Hale_(American_politician)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/frederickhalebio00port">Frederick Hale, a biographical sketch (1910)</a> a brief satirical booklet.</li></ul> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUnited_States_CongressH000031" class="citation web cs1">United States Congress. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=H000031">"Frederick Hale (id: H000031)"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Biographical_Directory_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="Biographical Directory of the United States Congress">Biographical Directory of the United States Congress</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Biographical+Directory+of+the+United+States+Congress&rft.atitle=Frederick+Hale+%28id%3A+H000031%29&rft.au=United+States+Congress&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbioguide.congress.gov%2Fscripts%2Fbiodisplay.pl%3Findex%3DH000031&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFrederick+Hale+%28American+politician%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/hale.html#R9M0IZ1G9">"The Political Graveyard"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 24,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Political+Graveyard&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpoliticalgraveyard.com%2Fbio%2Fhale.html%23R9M0IZ1G9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFrederick+Hale+%28American+politician%29" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Frederick_Hale_(U.S._senator)" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Frederick Hale (U.S. senator)">Frederick Hale (U.S. senator)</a> at Wikimedia Commons</li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FFBF00;">Party political offices </th></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b>First</b> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> nominee for <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Senators_from_Maine" class="mw-redirect" title="List of United States Senators from Maine">U.S. Senator from Maine</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/Classes_of_United_States_Senators" class="mw-redirect" title="Classes of United States Senators">Class 1</a>) </b><br /><a href="/wiki/1916_United_States_Senate_election_in_Maine" title="1916 United States Senate election in Maine">1916</a>, <a href="/wiki/1922_United_States_Senate_election_in_Maine" title="1922 United States Senate election in Maine">1922</a>, <a href="/wiki/1928_United_States_Senate_election_in_Maine" title="1928 United States Senate election in Maine">1928</a>, <a href="/wiki/1934_United_States_Senate_election_in_Maine" title="1934 United States Senate election in Maine">1934</a> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Owen_Brewster" title="Owen Brewster">Owen Brewster</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/James_Wolcott_Wadsworth_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="James Wolcott Wadsworth Jr.">James Wolcott Wadsworth Jr.</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Republican_Conference_Vice-Chair_of_the_United_States_Senate" class="mw-redirect" title="Republican Conference Vice-Chair of the United States Senate">Secretary of the Senate Republican Conference</a> </b><br />1927–1941 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Wallace_H._White_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="Wallace H. White Jr.">Wallace H. White Jr.</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #cccccc"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">U.S. Senate</a> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Fletcher_Johnson" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles Fletcher Johnson">Charles Johnson</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Senators_from_Maine" class="mw-redirect" title="List of United States Senators from Maine">U.S. Senator (Class 1) from Maine</a> </b><br />1917–1941 <br />Served alongside: <b><a href="/wiki/Bert_M._Fernald" title="Bert M. Fernald">Bert Fernald</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arthur_R._Gould" title="Arthur R. Gould">Arthur Gould</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wallace_H._White_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="Wallace H. White Jr.">Wallace White</a></b> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Owen_Brewster" title="Owen Brewster">Owen Brewster</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/John_B._Kendrick" title="John B. Kendrick">John B. Kendrick</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Chair of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Canadian_Relations" title="United States Senate Committee on Canadian Relations">Senate Canadian Relations Committee</a> </b><br />1919–1921 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;"><b>Position abolished </b> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Carroll_S._Page" title="Carroll S. Page">Carroll S. Page</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Chair of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Armed_Services" title="United States Senate Committee on Armed Services">Senate Naval Affairs Committee</a> </b><br />1923–1933 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Park_Trammell" title="Park Trammell">Park Trammell</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Wesley_Livsey_Jones" class="mw-redirect" title="Wesley Livsey Jones">Wesley Livsey Jones</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Chair of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Appropriations" title="United States Senate Committee on Appropriations">Senate Appropriations Committee</a> </b><br />1932–1933 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Carter_Glass" title="Carter Glass">Carter Glass</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output 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id="United_States_senators_from_Maine" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Maine" title="List of United States senators from Maine">United States senators from Maine</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Class 1</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Holmes_(Maine_politician)" title="John Holmes (Maine politician)">Holmes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albion_Parris" title="Albion Parris">Parris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Holmes_(Maine_politician)" title="John Holmes (Maine politician)">Holmes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ether_Shepley" title="Ether Shepley">Shepley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judah_Dana" title="Judah Dana">Dana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reuel_Williams" title="Reuel Williams">Williams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Fairfield" title="John Fairfield">Fairfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wyman_B._S._Moor" title="Wyman B. S. Moor">Moor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hannibal_Hamlin" title="Hannibal Hamlin">Hamlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amos_Nourse" title="Amos Nourse">Nourse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hannibal_Hamlin" title="Hannibal Hamlin">Hamlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lot_M._Morrill" title="Lot M. Morrill">Morrill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hannibal_Hamlin" title="Hannibal Hamlin">Hamlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugene_Hale" title="Eugene Hale">E. Hale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_F._Johnson" title="Charles F. Johnson">Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Hale_(U.S._senator)" class="mw-redirect" title="Frederick Hale (U.S. senator)">F. Hale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Owen_Brewster" title="Owen Brewster">Brewster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_G._Payne" title="Frederick G. Payne">Payne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edmund_Muskie" title="Edmund Muskie">Muskie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_J._Mitchell" title="George J. Mitchell">Mitchell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olympia_Snowe" title="Olympia Snowe">Snowe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angus_King" title="Angus King">King</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="United States Senate"><img alt="United States Senate" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg/80px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg/120px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg/160px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1030" data-file-height="1030" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Class 2</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Chandler" title="John Chandler">Chandler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peleg_Sprague_(Maine_politician)" title="Peleg Sprague (Maine politician)">Sprague</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Ruggles" title="John Ruggles">Ruggles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Evans_(American_politician)" title="George Evans (American politician)">Evans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_W._Bradbury" title="James W. Bradbury">Bradbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_P._Fessenden" title="William P. Fessenden">Fessenden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathan_A._Farwell" title="Nathan A. Farwell">Farwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_P._Fessenden" title="William P. Fessenden">Fessenden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lot_M._Morrill" title="Lot M. Morrill">Morrill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_G._Blaine" title="James G. Blaine">Blaine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_P._Frye" title="William P. Frye">Frye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obadiah_Gardner" title="Obadiah Gardner">Gardner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edwin_C._Burleigh" title="Edwin C. Burleigh">Burleigh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bert_M._Fernald" title="Bert M. Fernald">Fernald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_R._Gould" title="Arthur R. Gould">Gould</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wallace_H._White" title="Wallace H. White">White</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Chase_Smith" title="Margaret Chase Smith">Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Hathaway" title="William Hathaway">Hathaway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Cohen" title="William Cohen">Cohen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susan_Collins" title="Susan Collins">Collins</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Chairmen_of_the_United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Armed_Services" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:US_Senate_Armed_Services_chairs" title="Template:US Senate Armed Services chairs"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:US_Senate_Armed_Services_chairs" title="Template talk:US Senate Armed Services chairs"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:US_Senate_Armed_Services_chairs" title="Special:EditPage/Template:US Senate Armed Services chairs"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Chairmen_of_the_United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Armed_Services" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Chairmen of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Armed_Services" title="United States Senate Committee on Armed Services">United States Senate Committee on Armed Services</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Military Affairs Committee <br /> (1816–1947)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Williams_(Tennessee_politician)" title="John Williams (Tennessee politician)">J. Williams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Troup" title="George Troup">Troup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Williams_(Tennessee_politician)" title="John Williams (Tennessee politician)">J. Williams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Jackson" title="Andrew Jackson">Jackson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Henry_Harrison" title="William Henry Harrison">Harrison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Hart_Benton_(politician)" title="Thomas Hart Benton (politician)">Benton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_C._Preston" title="William C. Preston">Preston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_J._Crittenden" title="John J. Crittenden">Crittenden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Hart_Benton_(politician)" title="Thomas Hart Benton (politician)">Benton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lewis_Cass" title="Lewis Cass">Cass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Hart_Benton_(politician)" title="Thomas Hart Benton (politician)">Benton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jefferson_Davis" title="Jefferson Davis">Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Shields_(politician,_born_1806)" title="James Shields (politician, born 1806)">Shields</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_B._Weller" title="John B. Weller">Weller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jefferson_Davis" title="Jefferson Davis">Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Ward_Johnson" title="Robert Ward Johnson">Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Wilson" title="Henry Wilson">Wilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_A._Logan" title="John A. Logan">Logan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_E._Spencer" title="George E. Spencer">Spencer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodore_F._Randolph" title="Theodore F. Randolph">Randolph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_A._Logan" title="John A. Logan">Logan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_J._Sewell" title="William J. Sewell">Sewell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_R._Hawley" title="Joseph R. Hawley">Hawley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_C._Walthall" title="Edward C. Walthall">Walthall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_R._Hawley" title="Joseph R. Hawley">Hawley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redfield_Proctor" title="Redfield Proctor">Proctor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_E._Warren" title="Francis E. Warren">Warren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_A._du_Pont" title="Henry A. du Pont">du Pont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_F._Johnston" title="Joseph F. Johnston">Johnston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_E._Chamberlain" title="George E. Chamberlain">Chamberlain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_W._Wadsworth_Jr." title="James W. Wadsworth Jr.">Wadsworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_A._Reed" title="David A. Reed">Reed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morris_Sheppard" title="Morris Sheppard">Sheppard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_R._Reynolds" title="Robert R. Reynolds">Reynolds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elbert_D._Thomas" title="Elbert D. Thomas">Thomas</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Seal of the United States Senate"><img alt="Seal of the United States Senate" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg/80px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg/120px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg/160px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1030" data-file-height="1030" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Naval Affairs Committee <br /> (1816–1947)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Tait_(politician)" title="Charles Tait (politician)">Tait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathan_Sanford" title="Nathan Sanford">Sanford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Pleasants" title="James Pleasants">Pleasants</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Lloyd_(Massachusetts_politician)" title="James Lloyd (Massachusetts politician)">Lloyd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Y._Hayne" title="Robert Y. Hayne">Hayne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_M._Dallas" title="George M. Dallas">Dallas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_L._Southard" title="Samuel L. Southard">Southard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Cabell_Rives" title="William Cabell Rives">Rives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reuel_Williams" title="Reuel Williams">R. Williams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willie_P._Mangum" title="Willie P. Mangum">Mangum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_H._Bayard" title="Richard H. Bayard">Bayard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Fairfield" title="John Fairfield">Fairfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Levy_Yulee" title="David Levy Yulee">Yulee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_M._Gwin" title="William M. Gwin">Gwin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Mallory" title="Stephen Mallory">Mallory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_P._Hale" title="John P. Hale">J. Hale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_W._Grimes" title="James W. Grimes">Grimes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aaron_H._Cragin" title="Aaron H. Cragin">Cragin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aaron_A._Sargent" title="Aaron A. Sargent">Sargent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_R._McPherson" title="John R. McPherson">McPherson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._Donald_Cameron" title="J. Donald Cameron">Cameron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_R._McPherson" title="John R. McPherson">McPherson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._Donald_Cameron" title="J. Donald Cameron">Cameron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugene_Hale" title="Eugene Hale">E. Hale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_C._Perkins" title="George C. Perkins">Perkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Tillman" title="Benjamin Tillman">Tillman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claude_A._Swanson" title="Claude A. Swanson">Swanson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carroll_S._Page" title="Carroll S. Page">Page</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Hale_(U.S._senator)" class="mw-redirect" title="Frederick Hale (U.S. senator)">F. Hale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_Trammell" title="Park Trammell">Trammell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_I._Walsh" title="David I. Walsh">Walsh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Armed Services Committee <br />(1947–present)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chan_Gurney" title="Chan Gurney">Gurney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Millard_Tydings" title="Millard Tydings">Tydings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Russell_Jr." title="Richard Russell Jr.">Russell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leverett_Saltonstall" title="Leverett Saltonstall">Saltonstall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Russell_Jr." title="Richard Russell Jr.">Russell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_C._Stennis" title="John C. Stennis">Stennis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Tower" title="John Tower">Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barry_Goldwater" title="Barry Goldwater">Goldwater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sam_Nunn" title="Sam Nunn">Nunn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strom_Thurmond" title="Strom Thurmond">Thurmond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Warner" title="John Warner">Warner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Levin" title="Carl Levin">Levin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Warner" title="John Warner">Warner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Levin" title="Carl Levin">Levin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Warner" title="John Warner">Warner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Levin" title="Carl Levin">Levin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_McCain" title="John McCain">McCain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Inhofe" title="Jim Inhofe">Inhofe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Reed_(Rhode_Island_politician)" title="Jack Reed (Rhode Island politician)">Reed</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Chairs_of_the_United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Appropriations" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:US_Senate_Appropriations_chairs" title="Template:US Senate Appropriations chairs"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:US_Senate_Appropriations_chairs" title="Template talk:US Senate Appropriations chairs"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:US_Senate_Appropriations_chairs" title="Special:EditPage/Template:US Senate Appropriations chairs"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Chairs_of_the_United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Appropriations" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Chairs of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Appropriations" title="United States Senate Committee on Appropriations">United States Senate Committee on Appropriations</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lot_M._Morrill" title="Lot M. Morrill">Morrill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_P._Fessenden" title="William P. Fessenden">Fessenden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lot_M._Morrill" title="Lot M. Morrill">Morrill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornelius_Cole" title="Cornelius Cole">Cole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lot_M._Morrill" title="Lot M. Morrill">Morrill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Windom" title="William Windom">Windom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_G._Davis" title="Henry G. Davis">Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_B._Allison" title="William B. Allison">Allison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Cockrell" title="Francis Cockrell">Cockrell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_B._Allison" title="William B. Allison">Allison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugene_Hale" title="Eugene Hale">E. Hale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_E._Warren" title="Francis E. Warren">Warren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_S._Martin" title="Thomas S. Martin">Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_E._Warren" title="Francis E. Warren">Warren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wesley_L._Jones" title="Wesley L. Jones">Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Hale_(U.S._senator)" class="mw-redirect" title="Frederick Hale (U.S. senator)">F. Hale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carter_Glass" title="Carter Glass">Glass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_McKellar_(politician)" title="Kenneth McKellar (politician)">McKellar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Styles_Bridges" title="Styles Bridges">Bridges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_McKellar_(politician)" title="Kenneth McKellar (politician)">McKellar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Styles_Bridges" title="Styles Bridges">Bridges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Hayden" title="Carl Hayden">Hayden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Russell_Jr." title="Richard Russell Jr.">Russell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allen_J._Ellender" title="Allen J. Ellender">Ellender</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_L._McClellan" title="John L. McClellan">McClellan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warren_Magnuson" title="Warren Magnuson">Magnuson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Hatfield" title="Mark Hatfield">Hatfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_C._Stennis" title="John C. Stennis">Stennis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Byrd" title="Robert Byrd">Byrd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Hatfield" title="Mark Hatfield">Hatfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ted_Stevens" title="Ted Stevens">Stevens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Byrd" title="Robert Byrd">Byrd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ted_Stevens" title="Ted Stevens">Stevens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Byrd" title="Robert Byrd">Byrd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ted_Stevens" title="Ted Stevens">Stevens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thad_Cochran" title="Thad Cochran">Cochran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Byrd" title="Robert Byrd">Byrd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Inouye" title="Daniel Inouye">Inouye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Mikulski" title="Barbara Mikulski">Mikulski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thad_Cochran" title="Thad Cochran">Cochran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Shelby" title="Richard Shelby">Shelby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Leahy" title="Patrick Leahy">Leahy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patty_Murray" title="Patty Murray">Murray</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Seal of the United States Senate"><img alt="Seal of the United States Senate" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg/80px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg/120px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg/160px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1030" data-file-height="1030" /></a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1452897#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1452897#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority 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class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000036409722">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/60959214">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1606859/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJjHjGMxy6Gf7jhHBT67pP">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n2005170605">United States</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group 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