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Drawing on case material from work with a young boy and an adult attending a psychiatric outpatient department, we show how a form of musical listening and thinking about what is emerging in the clinical room can help us to understand something about the patient, about the treatment of those traumatised, and also about the art of music itself. Our aim is to place the music and the therapeutic relationship as the central focus in the work.","author":[{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Person","name":"Jos De Backer"},{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Person","name":"jos de backer"}],"contributor":[{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Person","name":"jos de backer"}],"dateCreated":"2015-10-18","dateModified":null,"datePublished":null,"headline":"Music, trauma and silence: The state of the art.","inLanguage":"en","keywords":["Psychotherapy","Art Therapy","Music 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window.loswp.showSignupCaptcha = false window.loswp.willEdgeCache = false; window.loswp.work = {"work":{"id":16936075,"created_at":"2015-10-18T01:03:23.805-07:00","from_world_paper_id":null,"updated_at":"2021-01-11T17:18:37.208-08:00","_data":{"abstract":"This joint-authored article explores theways in which music can speak directly to the traumatic, and how\nmusic therapy offers a unique means of coming to an understanding of the traumatised patient.We take\na musical and psychoanalytical theoretical stance. Drawing on case material from work with a young boy\nand an adult attending a psychiatric outpatient department, we show how a form of musical listening\nand thinking about what is emerging in the clinical room can help us to understand something about the\npatient, about the treatment of those traumatised, and also about the art of music itself. Our aim is to\nplace the music and the therapeutic relationship as the central focus in the work.\n"},"document_type":"paper","pre_hit_view_count_baseline":null,"quality":"high","language":"en","title":"Music, trauma and silence: The state of the art.","broadcastable":true,"draft":null,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [12466790,5737434]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "control"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; window.loswp.appleClientId = 'edu.academia.applesignon';</script><script defer="" src="https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client"></script><div class="ds-loswp-container"><div class="ds-work-card--grid-container"><div class="ds-work-card--container js-loswp-work-card"><div class="ds-work-card--cover"><div class="ds-work-cover--wrapper"><div class="ds-work-cover--container"><button class="ds-work-cover--clickable js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"swp-splash-paper-cover","attachmentId":39265932,"attachmentType":"pdf"}"><img alt="First page of “Music, trauma and silence: The state of the art.”" class="ds-work-cover--cover-thumbnail" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/39265932/mini_magick20190223-10273-13x4hck.png?1550921765" /><img alt="PDF Icon" class="ds-work-cover--file-icon" src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/single_work_splash/adobe.icon-574afd46eb6b03a77a153a647fb47e30546f9215c0ee6a25df597a779717f9ef.svg" /><div class="ds-work-cover--hover-container"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span><p>Download Free PDF</p></div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-container">Download Free PDF</div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-triangle"></div></button></div></div></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-information"><h1 class="ds-work-card--work-title">Music, trauma and silence: The state of the art.</h1><div class="ds-work-card--work-authors ds-work-card--detail"><a class="ds-work-card--author js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="12466790" href="https://lemmens.academia.edu/JosDeBacker"><img alt="Profile image of Jos De Backer" class="ds-work-card--author-avatar" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/s65_no_pic.png" />Jos De Backer</a><a class="ds-work-card--author js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="5737434" href="https://luca-arts.academia.edu/josdebacker"><img alt="Profile image of jos de backer" class="ds-work-card--author-avatar" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/5737434/10491458/11706272/s65_jos.de_backer.jpg" />jos de backer</a></div><p class="ds-work-card--work-abstract ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-md">This joint-authored article explores theways in which music can speak directly to the traumatic, and how music therapy offers a unique means of coming to an understanding of the traumatised patient.We take a musical and psychoanalytical theoretical stance. Drawing on case material from work with a young boy and an adult attending a psychiatric outpatient department, we show how a form of musical listening and thinking about what is emerging in the clinical room can help us to understand something about the patient, about the treatment of those traumatised, and also about the art of music itself. Our aim is to place the music and the therapeutic relationship as the central focus in the work. </p><div class="ds-work-card--button-container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--work-card","attachmentId":39265932,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/16936075/Music_trauma_and_silence_The_state_of_the_art"}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--work-card","attachmentId":39265932,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/16936075/Music_trauma_and_silence_The_state_of_the_art"}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div></div><div data-auto_select="false" data-client_id="331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b" data-doc_id="39265932" data-landing_url="https://www.academia.edu/16936075/Music_trauma_and_silence_The_state_of_the_art" data-login_uri="https://www.academia.edu/registrations/google_one_tap" data-moment_callback="onGoogleOneTapEvent" id="g_id_onload"></div><div class="ds-top-related-works--grid-container"><div class="ds-related-content--container ds-top-related-works--container"><h2 class="ds-related-content--heading">Related papers</h2><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="0" data-entity-id="68290673" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/68290673/Music_Music_Therapy_and_Trauma">Music, Music Therapy and Trauma</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="75900033" href="https://independent.academia.edu/StephenPorges">Stephen Porges</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Music and Medicine</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">This special issue of ‘Music and Medicine’ entitled ‘Music, Music Therapy and Trauma’ highlights the important role that music therapy may play in the treatment of trauma-related disorders...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Music, Music Therapy and Trauma","attachmentId":78818784,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/68290673/Music_Music_Therapy_and_Trauma","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/68290673/Music_Music_Therapy_and_Trauma"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="1" data-entity-id="69255859" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/69255859/Listening_beneath_the_Words_Parallel_Processes_in_Music_and_Psychotherapy">Listening beneath the Words: Parallel Processes in Music and Psychotherapy</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="36564652" href="https://independent.academia.edu/TerryMarksTarlow">Terry Marks-Tarlow</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">American Journal of Play, 2017</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">IntroductionThe parallels between musical communication and therapeutic dialogue have received relatively little attention in psychoanalytic literature over the years. Yet, musical creativity and improvisation bear striking parallels to the interactive processes involved in the mother-infant affective interplay, the intricate dance of intimacy, and the patient-therapist relational exchange. Just as appreciation of musical content is not limited to explicit analysis of the score and relies on our emotional attunement with the music&#39;s unfolding themes and harmonies, a rich body of literature in relational psychoanalysis emphasizes the interplay of the nonverbal and affective dimensions in the clinical interaction and intuition (Knoblauch 2005; Marks-Tarlow 2012a; 2014; Schore 2012). The connection between therapist and patient starts with implicit affective attunement at the level of mirror neuron networks (Iocoboni 2008), progresses to focused attention on verbal and nonverbal co...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Listening beneath the Words: Parallel Processes in Music and Psychotherapy","attachmentId":79420945,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/69255859/Listening_beneath_the_Words_Parallel_Processes_in_Music_and_Psychotherapy","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/69255859/Listening_beneath_the_Words_Parallel_Processes_in_Music_and_Psychotherapy"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="2" data-entity-id="117737636" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/117737636/The_Sounds_That_Know_Synaesthesia_Sexual_Trauma_and_a_Musicological_Confession">The Sounds That Know: Synaesthesia, Sexual Trauma, and a Musicological Confession</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="55525266" href="https://ethnomusic-ucla.academia.edu/JennyOliviaJohnson">Jenny Olivia Johnson</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Women and Music: A Journal of Gender and Culture, 2015</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The Sounds That Know: Synaesthesia, Sexual Trauma, and a Musicological Confession","attachmentId":113519744,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/117737636/The_Sounds_That_Know_Synaesthesia_Sexual_Trauma_and_a_Musicological_Confession","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/117737636/The_Sounds_That_Know_Synaesthesia_Sexual_Trauma_and_a_Musicological_Confession"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="3" data-entity-id="48967767" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/48967767/Self_Selected_Music_for_Relational_Trauma_Commentary_on_the_Psychotherapy_Case_of_James">Self-Selected Music for Relational Trauma: Commentary on the Psychotherapy Case of "James</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="56761852" href="https://independent.academia.edu/bengadams">Ben G Adams</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Pragmatic Case Studies in Psychotherapy</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">This commentary discusses Dr. Paul Blimling’s (2019) composite case of James, a patient with a history of severe childhood interpersonal trauma, who responded remarkably well to individual psychotherapy augmented with the targeted use of self-selected music. I describe how music and psychotherapy both have their origins in the shamanistic practices of our hunter-gatherer ancestors, such that combining psychotherapy and music together is a reconciliation of sorts. The Case of James demonstrates how music can be used in psychotherapy with a counter-dependent patient, to help the patient to access sensitive, vulnerable feelings that normally would never be expressed to another person. In this case, the therapist’s keen sensitivity to the patient’s disorganized attachment style created an environment in which the patient eventually felt safe lowering his defenses and expressing his emotions in the treatment—with the help of five songs. Aside from the direct, visceral benefits of the mus...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Self-Selected Music for Relational Trauma: Commentary on the Psychotherapy Case of \"James","attachmentId":67360799,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/48967767/Self_Selected_Music_for_Relational_Trauma_Commentary_on_the_Psychotherapy_Case_of_James","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/48967767/Self_Selected_Music_for_Relational_Trauma_Commentary_on_the_Psychotherapy_Case_of_James"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="4" data-entity-id="31026183" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/31026183/Music_therapy_as_a_form_of_psychotherapy">Music therapy as a form of psychotherapy</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="59131362" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AnnaAnna376">Anna Anna</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Music therapy as a form of psychotherapeutic interaction, arouses a growing interest among physicians, psychologists and psychiatrists in recent years. The phenomenon of the medicinal effects of music on the human psyche has been known since ancient human history, the first theories of the aesthetic values of music and its educational values come from the ancient times. High prevalence of the contemporary interest in this field combined with the hope that music could be perceived as a universal therapeutic tool which would be useful both for prevention as well as treatment and rehabilitation, does not cause any side effects that often occur in the case of pharmacological devices. The large number of lifestyle diseases plaguing both adults and children is increasing as a result of fatigue life under conditions of intense and continuous rush and feeling of loneliness or discomfort, requires taking all the possible solutions to protect mental and somatic health against the threat. Turning toward the arts, and in particular contact with the music can satisfy the emerging nostalgia for a different world, full of dreams, feelings, experiences, increasing sensitivity and facilitating emotional change of attitudes and behavior. Enthusiasts of music therapy mention many advantages, treating music as a specific type of drug. First, there is an almost universal application, because contact with music is usually a pleasant experience. People in general do not suffer from the music, the percentage of contraindications to its use is relatively low, and it is limited to the acute psychosis, music-induced epilepsy, depression. Secondly, the formation of a patient dependency in the form of getting used to regularly listening to music regularly for therapeutic purposes is not a threat, on the contrary, it is the positive effect of therapy and proves development of the appropriate needs and interests. Thirdly, music allows for easy access and knowledge of the world to patients, because humans do not control the intellectual as usual verbal communication and is therefore a valuable method of treatment in psychiatry. Opponents of music therapy emphasize the great difficulty in demonstrating the healing properties of music. This involves on the one hand with a limited program of music therapy implemented only in certain medical facilities, on the other hand the use of music therapy in the complex of many therapeutic techniques, in order to quickly achieve the results against large numbers of patients waiting masses. The popular image of music therapy is often understood as the impact of music on the 'mentally ill', which involves the belief that music acts primarily on the human psyche, and especially in the realm of emotional experience. Human psyche, however, is closely connected with its somatic, and somatoform disorders form so numerous and extensive links with mental disorders that speaking about the influence of music on humans should be understood as an impact on the entire human system. That is the essence of music therapy is recognized widely by T. Natanson, who defines it as a method that uses multiple effects of music on human psychosomatic system'. 1 The concept concludes that certain emotional experience arising from the passive or active relationship with the music evokes the appropriate emotional response</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Music therapy as a form of psychotherapy","attachmentId":51458756,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/31026183/Music_therapy_as_a_form_of_psychotherapy","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/31026183/Music_therapy_as_a_form_of_psychotherapy"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="111193033" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/111193033/The_Role_of_the_Music_in_Coping_with_Trauma_Experiences">The Role of the Music in Coping with Trauma Experiences</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="9131439" href="https://ktu.academia.edu/zdincaltun">zuhal dinc altun</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">European Journal of Education Studies, 2018</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The Role of the Music in Coping with Trauma Experiences","attachmentId":108793393,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/111193033/The_Role_of_the_Music_in_Coping_with_Trauma_Experiences","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/111193033/The_Role_of_the_Music_in_Coping_with_Trauma_Experiences"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="25933944" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/25933944/Analytical_Music_Therapy_Bringing_Unconscious_Alive">Analytical Music Therapy: Bringing Unconscious Alive</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="49245166" href="https://en-uoa-gr.academia.edu/CharalamposRisvas">Charalampos Risvas</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Music therapy, as a modern discipline and alternative form of therapy, has many diversions and categories. One of them, Analytical Music Therapy (AMT) is part of the broad psychodynamic approach, pillared by psychoanalysts and post-Freudian psychologists. It uses free improvisation and verbal processing to analyze, interpret and attain a therapeutic change, by helping a client to understand his inner self, relieve defenses, unconscious conflicts and reach his/her full potential. Simultaneously, music as a spontaneous products becomes a carrier of stories, symbols and hidden contexts of cognitive and emotional states. This dissertation aim is to define and clarify some basic aspects of Analytical Music Therapy, include it into the psychodynamic approach, analyze techniques, goals and procedures in a brief and understandable way.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Analytical Music Therapy: Bringing Unconscious Alive","attachmentId":46289931,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/25933944/Analytical_Music_Therapy_Bringing_Unconscious_Alive","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/25933944/Analytical_Music_Therapy_Bringing_Unconscious_Alive"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="79952122" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/79952122/Book_Review_Music_as_Therapy_A_Dialogical_Perspective">Book Review: Music as Therapy: A Dialogical Perspective</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="41341081" href="https://independent.academia.edu/GAnsdell">Gary Ansdell</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">British Journal of Music Therapy, 2006</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Book Review: Music as Therapy: A Dialogical Perspective","attachmentId":86495466,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/79952122/Book_Review_Music_as_Therapy_A_Dialogical_Perspective","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/79952122/Book_Review_Music_as_Therapy_A_Dialogical_Perspective"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="80108726" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/80108726/Introduction_Theorizing_Trauma_and_Music_in_the_Long_Nineteenth_Century">Introduction Theorizing Trauma and Music in the Long Nineteenth Century</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="538995" href="https://florida.academia.edu/JillianRogers">Jillian C Rogers</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="9513216" href="https://trinitylban.academia.edu/MichelleMeinhart">Michelle Meinhart</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Nineteenth-Century Music Review</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Investigations of how people have used music to represent, perform, enact and cope with trauma have proliferated in the last decade, although these have often focused on post-World War II musicians and musical phenomena. This work has engaged various methodologies and drawn on myriad bodies of trauma theory in order to better understand the relationships between music and trauma for Holocaust survivors, Cold War- and glasnost-era Eastern European musicians and civilians and soldiers in Iraq. However, despite the growing interest in trauma within music scholarship, scant attention has been paid to relationships between musical phenomena and trauma prior to World War II. And yet, the wars, revolutions, forced displacement, slavery and imperialism of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries make these years some of the most violent in the histories of modern Europe and the Americas, and thus some of the most important to address when asking questions regarding relationships be...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Introduction Theorizing Trauma and Music in the Long Nineteenth Century","attachmentId":90773830,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/80108726/Introduction_Theorizing_Trauma_and_Music_in_the_Long_Nineteenth_Century","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/80108726/Introduction_Theorizing_Trauma_and_Music_in_the_Long_Nineteenth_Century"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="4910408" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/4910408/Music_Therapy_with_Sexually_Abused_Children">Music Therapy with Sexually Abused Children</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="6418891" href="https://gsmd.academia.edu/JacquelineRobarts">Jacqueline Z Robarts</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2006</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Music Therapy with Sexually Abused Children","attachmentId":32174320,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/4910408/Music_Therapy_with_Sexually_Abused_Children","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/4910408/Music_Therapy_with_Sexually_Abused_Children"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--wrapper js-loswp-sticky-ctas hidden"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--grid-container"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":39265932,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":39265932,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div><div class="ds-below-fold--grid-container"><div class="ds-work--container js-loswp-embedded-document"><div class="attachment_preview" data-attachment="Attachment_39265932" style="display: none"><div class="js-scribd-document-container"><div class="scribd--document-loading js-scribd-document-loader" style="display: block;"><img alt="Loading..." src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/loaders/paper-load.gif" /><p>Loading Preview</p></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="scribd--no-preview-alert js-preview-unavailable"><p>Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. 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Communicative Musicality: Exploring the basis of human companionship., 2009</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Supporting the development of mindfulness and meaning: clinical pathways in music therapy with a sexually abused child","attachmentId":37048427,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/11552565/Supporting_the_development_of_mindfulness_and_meaning_clinical_pathways_in_music_therapy_with_a_sexually_abused_child","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/11552565/Supporting_the_development_of_mindfulness_and_meaning_clinical_pathways_in_music_therapy_with_a_sexually_abused_child"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="3" data-entity-id="11551615" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/11551615/The_Healing_Function_of_Improvised_Songs_in_Music_Therapy_with_a_Child_Survivor_of_Early_Trauma_and_Sexual_Abuse">The Healing Function of Improvised Songs in Music Therapy with a Child Survivor of Early Trauma and Sexual Abuse</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="6418891" href="https://gsmd.academia.edu/JacquelineRobarts">Jacqueline Z Robarts</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Psychodynamic Music Therapy: Case Studies. 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Gilsum, NH: Barcelona Publications., 2003</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The Healing Function of Improvised Songs in Music Therapy with a Child Survivor of Early Trauma and Sexual Abuse","attachmentId":37047767,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/11551615/The_Healing_Function_of_Improvised_Songs_in_Music_Therapy_with_a_Child_Survivor_of_Early_Trauma_and_Sexual_Abuse","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/11551615/The_Healing_Function_of_Improvised_Songs_in_Music_Therapy_with_a_Child_Survivor_of_Early_Trauma_and_Sexual_Abuse"><span 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