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"><label id="sidebar-filter-label" class="sidebar-filter-label" for="sidebar-filter-input"><span class="icon icon-filter"></span><span class="visually-hidden">Filter sidebar</span></label><input id="sidebar-filter-input" autoComplete="off" class="sidebar-filter-input-field false" type="text" placeholder="Filter" value=""/><button type="button" class="button action has-icon clear-sidebar-filter-button"><span class="button-wrap"><span class="icon icon-cancel "></span><span class="visually-hidden">Clear filter input</span></span></button></div></section></header><div class="sidebar-inner-nav"><div class="in-nav-toc"><div class="document-toc-container"><section class="document-toc"><header><h2 class="document-toc-heading">在本文中</h2></header><ul class="document-toc-list"><li class="document-toc-item "><a class="document-toc-link" href="#属性">属性</a></li><li class="document-toc-item "><a class="document-toc-link" href="#方法">方法</a></li><li class="document-toc-item "><a class="document-toc-link" href="#例子">例子</a></li><li class="document-toc-item "><a class="document-toc-link" href="#英文原版中已删除的内容">英文原版中已删除的内容</a></li><li class="document-toc-item "><a class="document-toc-link" href="#规范">规范</a></li><li class="document-toc-item "><a class="document-toc-link" href="#浏览器兼容性">浏览器兼容性</a></li></ul></section></div></div><div class="sidebar-body"><ol><li class="section"><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/Document_Object_Model">文档对象模型（DOM）</a></li><li class="section"><em><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/NodeList" aria-current="page"><code>NodeList</code></a></em></li><li class="toggle"><details open=""><summary>实例属性</summary><ol><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/NodeList/length"><code>length</code></a></li></ol></details></li><li class="toggle"><details open=""><summary>实例方法</summary><ol><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/NodeList/entries"><code>entries()</code></a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/NodeList/forEach"><code>forEach()</code></a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/NodeList/item"><code>item()</code></a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/NodeList/keys"><code>keys()</code></a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/NodeList/values"><code>values()</code></a></li></ol></details></li><li class="toggle"><details open=""><summary>DOM 的相关页面</summary><ol><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/AbortController"><code>AbortController</code></a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/AbortSignal"><code>AbortSignal</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/AbstractRange" class="only-in-en-us"><code>AbstractRange</code></a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/Attr"><code>Attr</code></a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/CDATASection"><code>CDATASection</code></a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/CharacterData"><code>CharacterData</code></a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/Comment"><code>Comment</code></a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/CustomEvent"><code>CustomEvent</code></a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/DOMError"><code>DOMError</code></a><abbr class="icon icon-deprecated" title="已弃用。请不要在新的网站中使用。"> <span class="visually-hidden">已弃用</span> </abbr></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/DOMException"><code>DOMException</code></a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/DOMImplementation"><code>DOMImplementation</code></a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/DOMParser"><code>DOMParser</code></a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/DOMPoint"><code>DOMPoint</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/DOMPointReadOnly" class="only-in-en-us"><code>DOMPointReadOnly</code></a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/DOMRect"><code>DOMRect</code></a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/DOMTokenList"><code>DOMTokenList</code></a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/Document"><code>Document</code></a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/DocumentFragment"><code>DocumentFragment</code></a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/DocumentType"><code>DocumentType</code></a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/Element"><code>Element</code></a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/Event"><code>Event</code></a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/EventTarget"><code>EventTarget</code></a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/HTMLCollection"><code>HTMLCollection</code></a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/MutationObserver"><code>MutationObserver</code></a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/MutationRecord"><code>MutationRecord</code></a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/NamedNodeMap"><code>NamedNodeMap</code></a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/Node"><code>Node</code></a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/NodeIterator"><code>NodeIterator</code></a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/ProcessingInstruction"><code>ProcessingInstruction</code></a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/Range"><code>Range</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/StaticRange" class="only-in-en-us"><code>StaticRange</code></a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/Text"><code>Text</code></a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/TextDecoder"><code>TextDecoder</code></a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/TextEncoder"><code>TextEncoder</code></a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/TimeRanges"><code>TimeRanges</code></a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/TreeWalker"><code>TreeWalker</code></a></li><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/XMLDocument"><code>XMLDocument</code></a></li></ol></details></li></ol></div></div><section class="place side"></section></nav></aside><div class="toc-container"><aside class="toc"><nav><div class="document-toc-container"><section class="document-toc"><header><h2 class="document-toc-heading">在本文中</h2></header><ul class="document-toc-list"><li class="document-toc-item "><a class="document-toc-link" href="#属性">属性</a></li><li class="document-toc-item "><a class="document-toc-link" href="#方法">方法</a></li><li class="document-toc-item "><a class="document-toc-link" href="#例子">例子</a></li><li class="document-toc-item "><a class="document-toc-link" href="#英文原版中已删除的内容">英文原版中已删除的内容</a></li><li class="document-toc-item "><a class="document-toc-link" href="#规范">规范</a></li><li class="document-toc-item "><a class="document-toc-link" href="#浏览器兼容性">浏览器兼容性</a></li></ul></section></div></nav></aside><section class="place side"></section></div></div><main id="content" class="main-content "><article class="main-page-content" lang="zh-CN"><header><h1>NodeList</h1><details class="baseline-indicator high"><summary><span class="indicator" role="img" aria-label="Baseline Check"></span><div class="status-title">Baseline <span class="not-bold">Widely available</span></div><div class="browsers"><span class="engine" title="Supported in Chrome and Edge"><span class="browser chrome supported" role="img" aria-label="Chrome check"></span><span class="browser edge supported" role="img" aria-label="Edge check"></span></span><span class="engine" title="Supported in Firefox"><span class="browser firefox supported" role="img" aria-label="Firefox check"></span></span><span class="engine" title="Supported in Safari"><span class="browser safari supported" role="img" aria-label="Safari check"></span></span></div><span class="icon icon-chevron "></span></summary><div class="extra"><p>This feature is well established and works across many devices and browser versions. It’s been available across browsers since July 2015.</p><ul><li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Glossary/Baseline/Compatibility" data-glean="baseline_link_learn_more" target="_blank" class="learn-more">Learn more</a></li><li><a href="#浏览器兼容性" data-glean="baseline_link_bcd_table">See full compatibility</a></li><li><a href="https://survey.alchemer.com/s3/7634825/MDN-baseline-feedback?page=%2Fzh-CN%2Fdocs%2FWeb%2FAPI%2FNodeList&level=high" data-glean="baseline_link_feedback" class="feedback-link" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">Report feedback</a></li></ul></div></details></header><div class="section-content"><p><code>NodeList</code> 对象是节点的集合，通常是由属性，如<a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/Node/childNodes"><code>Node.childNodes</code></a> 和方法，如<a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/Document/querySelectorAll"><code>document.querySelectorAll</code></a> 返回的。</p> <div class="notecard note"> <p><strong>备注：</strong> <code>NodeList</code> <strong>不是一个数组</strong>，是一个类似数组的对象 (<em>Like Array Object</em>)。虽然 <code>NodeList</code> 不是一个数组，但是可以使用 <code>forEach()</code> 来迭代。你还可以使用 <a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/from"><code>Array.from()</code></a> 将其转换为数组。</p> <p>不过，有些浏览器较为过时，没有实现 <code>NodeList.forEach()</code> 和 <code>Array.from()</code>。你可以用 <a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/forEach"><code>Array.prototype.forEach()</code></a> 来规避这一问题。请查看<a href="#example">该例</a>。</p> </div> <p>在一些情况下，<code>NodeList</code> 是一个实时集合，也就是说，如果文档中的节点树发生变化，<code>NodeList</code> 也会随之变化。例如，<a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/Node/childNodes"><code>Node.childNodes</code></a> 是实时的：</p> <div class="code-example"><div class="example-header"><span class="language-name">js</span></div><pre class="brush: js notranslate"><code>var parent = document.getElementById("parent"); var child_nodes = parent.childNodes; console.log(child_nodes.length); // 我们假设结果会是“2” parent.appendChild(document.createElement("div")); console.log(child_nodes.length); // 但此时的输出是“3” </code></pre></div> <p>在其他情况下，<code>NodeList</code> 是一个静态集合，也就意味着随后对文档对象模型的任何改动都不会影响集合的内容。比如 <a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/Document/querySelectorAll"><code>document.querySelectorAll</code></a> 就会返回一个静态 <code>NodeList</code>。</p> <p>最好牢记这种不同，尤其是在当你选择 <code>NodeList</code> 中所有项遍历的方式，或缓存它的长度的时候。</p></div><section aria-labelledby="属性"><h2 id="属性"><a href="#属性">属性</a></h2><div class="section-content"><dl> <dt id="nodelist.length"><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/NodeList/length"><code>NodeList.length</code></a></dt> <dd> <p><code>NodeList</code> 中包含的节点个数。</p> </dd> </dl></div></section><section aria-labelledby="方法"><h2 id="方法"><a href="#方法">方法</a></h2><div class="section-content"><dl> <dt id="nodelist.item"><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/NodeList/item"><code>NodeList.item()</code></a></dt> <dd> <p>返回 <code>NodeList</code> 对象中指定索引的节点，如果索引越界，则返回<code>null</code>。等价的写法是 <code>nodeList[i]</code>，不过，在这种情况下，越界访问将返回 <code>undefined</code>。</p> </dd> <dt id="nodelist.entries"><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/NodeList/entries"><code>NodeList.entries()</code></a></dt> <dd> <p>Returns an <a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Iteration_protocols"><code>iterator</code></a>, allowing code to go through all key/value pairs contained in the collection. (In this case, the keys are numbers starting from 0 and the values are nodes.)</p> </dd> <dt id="nodelist.foreach"><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/NodeList/forEach"><code>NodeList.forEach()</code></a></dt> <dd> <p>Executes a provided function once per <code>NodeList</code> element, passing the element as an argument to the function.</p> </dd> <dt id="nodelist.keys"><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/NodeList/keys"><code>NodeList.keys()</code></a></dt> <dd> <p>Returns an <a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Iteration_protocols"><code>iterator</code></a>, allowing code to go through all the keys of the key/value pairs contained in the collection. (In this case, the keys are numbers starting from 0.)</p> </dd> <dt id="nodelist.values"><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/NodeList/values"><code>NodeList.values()</code></a></dt> <dd> <p>Returns an <a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Iteration_protocols"><code>iterator</code></a> allowing code to go through all values (nodes) of the key/value pairs contained in the collection.</p> </dd> </dl></div></section><section aria-labelledby="例子"><h2 id="例子"><a href="#例子">例子</a></h2><div class="section-content"><p>可以使用 <a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/for">for</a> 循环遍历一个 <code>NodeList</code> 对象中的所有的节点：</p> <div class="code-example"><div class="example-header"><span class="language-name">js</span></div><pre class="brush: js notranslate"><code>for (var i = 0; i < myNodeList.length; ++i) { var item = myNodeList[i]; // 调用 myNodeList.item(i) 是没有必要的 } </code></pre></div> <p><strong>不要尝试使用 <a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/for...in"><code>for...in</code></a> 或者 <a class="page-not-created" data-href="/zh-CN/docs/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/for_each...in" title="此文档尚未被撰写，期待你的贡献！"><code>for each...in</code></a> 来遍历一个 <code>NodeList</code> 对象中的元素</strong>，因为，如果你把上述两个属性也看成 <a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/Element"><code>element</code></a> 对象的话，<code>NodeList</code> 对象中的 <code>length</code> 和 <code>item</code> 属性也会被遍历出来，这可能会导致你的脚本运行出错。此外，<code>for...in</code> 不能保证访问这些属性的顺序。</p> <p><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/for...of">for...of</a> 循环<strong>将会</strong>正确的遍历 <code>NodeList</code> 对象：</p> <div class="code-example"><div class="example-header"><span class="language-name">js</span></div><pre class="brush: js notranslate"><code>var list = document.querySelectorAll("input[type=checkbox]"); for (var checkbox of list) { checkbox.checked = true; } </code></pre></div> <p>最近，浏览器也支持一些遍历方法，比如 <a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/NodeList/forEach" title="forEach()"><code>forEach()</code></a> 与 <a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/NodeList/entries" title="entries()"><code>entries()</code></a>、<a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/NodeList/values" title="values()"><code>values()</code></a>、和 <a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/NodeList/keys" title="keys()"><code>keys()</code></a>。</p> <p>也有一种使用数组 <code>Array</code> 的 <a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/forEach"><code>Array.prototype.forEach</code></a> 来遍历 <code>NodeList</code> 的方法，这种方法兼容 Internet Explorer <abbr class="icon icon-deprecated" title="已弃用。请不要在新的网站中使用。"> <span class="visually-hidden">已弃用</span> </abbr>：</p> <div class="code-example"><div class="example-header"><span class="language-name">js</span></div><pre class="brush: js notranslate"><code>var list = document.querySelectorAll("input[type=checkbox]"); Array.prototype.forEach.call(list, function (checkbox) { checkbox.checked = true; }); </code></pre></div></div></section><section aria-labelledby="英文原版中已删除的内容"><h2 id="英文原版中已删除的内容"><a href="#英文原版中已删除的内容">英文原版中已删除的内容</a></h2><div class="section-content"><blockquote> <p>译者注：也许它已独立成了一篇单独的技术文章。如果有找到这样的文章，请将其链接添加至本页末的“参见”处，并删除本节内容。如果没有“参见”，请添加它为二级标题（<code><h2></code>），<code><h2></code> 的 <a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/HTML/Global_attributes/id"><code>id</code></a> 属性为“See_also”或“参见”。</p> </blockquote></div></section><section aria-labelledby="为什么_nodelist_不是数组？"><h3 id="为什么_nodelist_不是数组？"><a href="#为什么_nodelist_不是数组？">为什么 NodeList 不是数组？</a></h3><div class="section-content"><p><code>NodeList</code> 对象在某些方面和数组非常相似，看上去可以直接使用从 <code>Array.prototype</code> 上继承的方法。然而，除了 <code>forEach</code> 方法，<code>NodeList</code> 没有这些类似数组的方法。</p> <p>JavaScript 的继承机制是基于原型的。数组元素之所以有一些数组方法（比如 <code>forEach</code> 和 <code>map</code>），是因为它的原型链上有这些方法，如下：</p> <p><code>myArray --> Array.prototype --> Object.prototype --> null</code>（想要获取一个对象的原型链，可以连续地调用 <code>Object.getPrototypeOf</code>，直到原型链尽头）。</p> <p><code>forEach</code>，<code>map</code> 这些方式其实是 <code>Array.prototype</code> 这个对象的方法。</p> <p>和数组不一样的是，<code>NodeList</code> 的原型链是这样的：</p> <p><code>myNodeList --> NodeList.prototype --> Object.prototype --> null</code></p> <p>NodeList 的原型上除了类似数组的 <code>forEach</code> 方法之外，还有 <code>item</code>，<code>entries</code>，<code>keys</code> 和 <code>values</code> 方法。</p> <h4 id="解决办法">解决办法</h4> <p>一个解决办法就是把 <code>Array.prototype</code> 上的方法添加到 <code>NodeList.prototype</code> 上。可是，要注意<a href="http://perfectionkills.com/whats-wrong-with-extending-the-dom/" class="external" target="_blank">扩展 DOM 对象的原型是非常危险的</a>，尤其是在旧版本的 Internet Explorer（6，7，8）中。</p> <div class="code-example"><div class="example-header"><span class="language-name">js</span></div><pre class="brush: js notranslate"><code>var arrayMethods = Object.getOwnPropertyNames(Array.prototype); arrayMethods.forEach(attachArrayMethodsToNodeList); function attachArrayMethodsToNodeList(methodName) { if (methodName !== "length") { NodeList.prototype[methodName] = Array.prototype[methodName]; } } var divs = document.getElementsByTagName("div"); var firstDiv = divs[0]; firstDiv.childNodes.forEach(function (divChild) { divChild.parentNode.style.color = "#0F0"; }); </code></pre></div> <p>不扩展 DOM 对象原型的解决办法：</p> <div class="code-example"><div class="example-header"><span class="language-name">js</span></div><pre class="brush: js notranslate"><code>var forEach = Array.prototype.forEach; var divs = document.getElementsByTagName("div"); var firstDiv = divs[0]; forEach.call(firstDiv.childNodes, function (divChild) { divChild.parentNode.style.color = "#0F0"; }); </code></pre></div> <div class="notecard note"> <p><strong>备注：</strong> 请注意，在上面的代码中，将某个宿主对象（如 <code>NodeList</code>）作为 <code>this</code> 传递给原生方法（如 forEach）不能保证在所有浏览器中工作，已知在一些浏览器中会失败。</p> </div></div></section><h2 id="规范"><a href="#规范">规范</a></h2><table class="standard-table"><thead><tr><th scope="col">Specification</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><a href="https://dom.spec.whatwg.org/#interface-nodelist">DOM <br/><small># interface-nodelist</small></a></td></tr></tbody></table><h2 id="浏览器兼容性"><a href="#浏览器兼容性">浏览器兼容性</a></h2><p>BCD tables only load in the browser<noscript> with JavaScript enabled. 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15.47-18.01h-15.26v-5.647h24.352v5.646L88.616 56.385h15.704v5.646H79.523Zm29.318-23.657h11.183V62.03h-7.578V38.375h-3.632v-5.646zm3.605-9.672h7.578v5.646h-7.578zm13.17 0h11.21v38.976h-7.578v-33.33h-3.632zm16.801 0H153.6v38.976h-7.577v-33.33h-3.632v-5.646zm29.03 9.123c4.442 0 7.394 2.143 8.231 5.881h2.194v-5.332h9.276v5.646h-3.632v18.011h3.632v5.646h-4.442c-3.135 0-4.834-1.699-4.834-4.836V56.7h-2.194c-.81 3.738-3.789 5.881-8.23 5.881-6.978 0-11.916-5.829-11.916-15.214 0-9.384 4.938-15.187 11.915-15.187m2.3 24.363c4.284 0 6.192-2.196 6.192-7.032v-4.287c0-4.836-1.908-7.032-6.193-7.032-4.18 0-6.193 2.196-6.193 7.032v4.287c0 4.836 2.012 7.032 6.193 7.032m48.34 5.489h-7.577V0h7.577zm6.585-29.643h32.165v-2.196l-21.295-7.634v-6.143l21.295-7.633V6.588h-25.345V0h32.165v12.522l-17.35 5.881V20.6l17.35 5.882v12.521h-38.985zm0-25.801h6.794v6.796h-6.794z"></path></svg></a><ul class="footer-moz-list"><li class="footer-moz-item"><a href="https://www.mozilla.org/privacy/websites/" 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content are ©1998–2025 by individual mozilla.org contributors. Content available under <a href="/zh-CN/docs/MDN/Writing_guidelines/Attrib_copyright_license">a Creative Commons license</a>.</p></div></div></footer></div><script type="application/json" id="hydration">{"url":"/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/NodeList","doc":{"body":[{"type":"prose","value":{"id":null,"title":null,"isH3":false,"content":"<p><code>NodeList</code> 对象是节点的集合，通常是由属性，如<a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/Node/childNodes\"><code>Node.childNodes</code></a> 和方法，如<a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/Document/querySelectorAll\"><code>document.querySelectorAll</code></a> 返回的。</p>\n<div class=\"notecard note\">\n<p><strong>备注：</strong> <code>NodeList</code> <strong>不是一个数组</strong>，是一个类似数组的对象 (<em>Like Array Object</em>)。虽然 <code>NodeList</code> 不是一个数组，但是可以使用 <code>forEach()</code> 来迭代。你还可以使用 <a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/from\"><code>Array.from()</code></a> 将其转换为数组。</p>\n<p>不过，有些浏览器较为过时，没有实现 <code>NodeList.forEach()</code> 和 <code>Array.from()</code>。你可以用 <a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/forEach\"><code>Array.prototype.forEach()</code></a> 来规避这一问题。请查看<a href=\"#example\">该例</a>。</p>\n</div>\n<p>在一些情况下，<code>NodeList</code> 是一个实时集合，也就是说，如果文档中的节点树发生变化，<code>NodeList</code> 也会随之变化。例如，<a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/Node/childNodes\"><code>Node.childNodes</code></a> 是实时的：</p>\n<div class=\"code-example\"><div class=\"example-header\"><span class=\"language-name\">js</span></div><pre class=\"brush: js notranslate\"><code>var parent = document.getElementById(\"parent\");\nvar child_nodes = parent.childNodes;\nconsole.log(child_nodes.length); // 我们假设结果会是“2”\nparent.appendChild(document.createElement(\"div\"));\nconsole.log(child_nodes.length); // 但此时的输出是“3”\n</code></pre></div>\n<p>在其他情况下，<code>NodeList</code> 是一个静态集合，也就意味着随后对文档对象模型的任何改动都不会影响集合的内容。比如 <a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/Document/querySelectorAll\"><code>document.querySelectorAll</code></a> 就会返回一个静态 <code>NodeList</code>。</p>\n<p>最好牢记这种不同，尤其是在当你选择 <code>NodeList</code> 中所有项遍历的方式，或缓存它的长度的时候。</p>"}},{"type":"prose","value":{"id":"属性","title":"属性","isH3":false,"content":"<dl>\n<dt id=\"nodelist.length\"><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/NodeList/length\"><code>NodeList.length</code></a></dt>\n<dd>\n<p><code>NodeList</code> 中包含的节点个数。</p>\n</dd>\n</dl>"}},{"type":"prose","value":{"id":"方法","title":"方法","isH3":false,"content":"<dl>\n<dt id=\"nodelist.item\"><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/NodeList/item\"><code>NodeList.item()</code></a></dt>\n<dd>\n<p>返回 <code>NodeList</code> 对象中指定索引的节点，如果索引越界，则返回<code>null</code>。等价的写法是 <code>nodeList[i]</code>，不过，在这种情况下，越界访问将返回 <code>undefined</code>。</p>\n</dd>\n<dt id=\"nodelist.entries\"><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/NodeList/entries\"><code>NodeList.entries()</code></a></dt>\n<dd>\n<p>Returns an <a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Iteration_protocols\"><code>iterator</code></a>, allowing code to go through all key/value pairs contained in the collection. (In this case, the keys are numbers starting from 0 and the values are nodes.)</p>\n</dd>\n<dt id=\"nodelist.foreach\"><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/NodeList/forEach\"><code>NodeList.forEach()</code></a></dt>\n<dd>\n<p>Executes a provided function once per <code>NodeList</code> element, passing the element as an argument to the function.</p>\n</dd>\n<dt id=\"nodelist.keys\"><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/NodeList/keys\"><code>NodeList.keys()</code></a></dt>\n<dd>\n<p>Returns an <a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Iteration_protocols\"><code>iterator</code></a>, allowing code to go through all the keys of the key/value pairs contained in the collection. (In this case, the keys are numbers starting from 0.)</p>\n</dd>\n<dt id=\"nodelist.values\"><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/NodeList/values\"><code>NodeList.values()</code></a></dt>\n<dd>\n<p>Returns an <a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Iteration_protocols\"><code>iterator</code></a> allowing code to go through all values (nodes) of the key/value pairs contained in the collection.</p>\n</dd>\n</dl>"}},{"type":"prose","value":{"id":"例子","title":"例子","isH3":false,"content":"<p>可以使用 <a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/for\">for</a> 循环遍历一个 <code>NodeList</code> 对象中的所有的节点：</p>\n<div class=\"code-example\"><div class=\"example-header\"><span class=\"language-name\">js</span></div><pre class=\"brush: js notranslate\"><code>for (var i = 0; i < myNodeList.length; ++i) {\n var item = myNodeList[i]; // 调用 myNodeList.item(i) 是没有必要的\n}\n</code></pre></div>\n<p><strong>不要尝试使用 <a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/for...in\"><code>for...in</code></a> 或者 <a class=\"page-not-created\" data-href=\"/zh-CN/docs/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/for_each...in\" title=\"此文档尚未被撰写，期待你的贡献！\"><code>for each...in</code></a> 来遍历一个 <code>NodeList</code> 对象中的元素</strong>，因为，如果你把上述两个属性也看成 <a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/Element\"><code>element</code></a> 对象的话，<code>NodeList</code> 对象中的 <code>length</code> 和 <code>item</code> 属性也会被遍历出来，这可能会导致你的脚本运行出错。此外，<code>for...in</code> 不能保证访问这些属性的顺序。</p>\n<p><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/for...of\">for...of</a> 循环<strong>将会</strong>正确的遍历 <code>NodeList</code> 对象：</p>\n<div class=\"code-example\"><div class=\"example-header\"><span class=\"language-name\">js</span></div><pre class=\"brush: js notranslate\"><code>var list = document.querySelectorAll(\"input[type=checkbox]\");\nfor (var checkbox of list) {\n checkbox.checked = true;\n}\n</code></pre></div>\n<p>最近，浏览器也支持一些遍历方法，比如 <a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/NodeList/forEach\" title=\"forEach()\"><code>forEach()</code></a> 与 <a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/NodeList/entries\" title=\"entries()\"><code>entries()</code></a>、<a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/NodeList/values\" title=\"values()\"><code>values()</code></a>、和 <a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/NodeList/keys\" title=\"keys()\"><code>keys()</code></a>。</p>\n<p>也有一种使用数组 <code>Array</code> 的 <a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/forEach\"><code>Array.prototype.forEach</code></a> 来遍历 <code>NodeList</code> 的方法，这种方法兼容 Internet Explorer <abbr class=\"icon icon-deprecated\" title=\"已弃用。请不要在新的网站中使用。\">\n<span class=\"visually-hidden\">已弃用</span>\n</abbr>：</p>\n<div class=\"code-example\"><div class=\"example-header\"><span class=\"language-name\">js</span></div><pre class=\"brush: js notranslate\"><code>var list = document.querySelectorAll(\"input[type=checkbox]\");\nArray.prototype.forEach.call(list, function (checkbox) {\n checkbox.checked = true;\n});\n</code></pre></div>"}},{"type":"prose","value":{"id":"英文原版中已删除的内容","title":"英文原版中已删除的内容","isH3":false,"content":"<blockquote>\n<p>译者注：也许它已独立成了一篇单独的技术文章。如果有找到这样的文章，请将其链接添加至本页末的“参见”处，并删除本节内容。如果没有“参见”，请添加它为二级标题（<code><h2></code>），<code><h2></code> 的 <a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Web/HTML/Global_attributes/id\"><code>id</code></a> 属性为“See_also”或“参见”。</p>\n</blockquote>"}},{"type":"prose","value":{"id":"为什么_nodelist_不是数组？","title":"为什么 NodeList 不是数组？","isH3":true,"content":"<p><code>NodeList</code> 对象在某些方面和数组非常相似，看上去可以直接使用从 <code>Array.prototype</code> 上继承的方法。然而，除了 <code>forEach</code> 方法，<code>NodeList</code> 没有这些类似数组的方法。</p>\n<p>JavaScript 的继承机制是基于原型的。数组元素之所以有一些数组方法（比如 <code>forEach</code> 和 <code>map</code>），是因为它的原型链上有这些方法，如下：</p>\n<p><code>myArray --> Array.prototype --> Object.prototype --> null</code>（想要获取一个对象的原型链，可以连续地调用 <code>Object.getPrototypeOf</code>，直到原型链尽头）。</p>\n<p><code>forEach</code>，<code>map</code> 这些方式其实是 <code>Array.prototype</code> 这个对象的方法。</p>\n<p>和数组不一样的是，<code>NodeList</code> 的原型链是这样的：</p>\n<p><code>myNodeList --> NodeList.prototype --> Object.prototype --> null</code></p>\n<p>NodeList 的原型上除了类似数组的 <code>forEach</code> 方法之外，还有 <code>item</code>，<code>entries</code>，<code>keys</code> 和 <code>values</code> 方法。</p>\n<h4 id=\"解决办法\">解决办法</h4>\n<p>一个解决办法就是把 <code>Array.prototype</code> 上的方法添加到 <code>NodeList.prototype</code> 上。可是，要注意<a href=\"http://perfectionkills.com/whats-wrong-with-extending-the-dom/\" class=\"external\" target=\"_blank\">扩展 DOM 对象的原型是非常危险的</a>，尤其是在旧版本的 Internet Explorer（6，7，8）中。</p>\n<div class=\"code-example\"><div class=\"example-header\"><span class=\"language-name\">js</span></div><pre class=\"brush: js notranslate\"><code>var arrayMethods = Object.getOwnPropertyNames(Array.prototype);\n\narrayMethods.forEach(attachArrayMethodsToNodeList);\n\nfunction attachArrayMethodsToNodeList(methodName) {\n if (methodName !== \"length\") {\n NodeList.prototype[methodName] = Array.prototype[methodName];\n }\n}\n\nvar divs = document.getElementsByTagName(\"div\");\nvar firstDiv = divs[0];\n\nfirstDiv.childNodes.forEach(function (divChild) {\n divChild.parentNode.style.color = \"#0F0\";\n});\n</code></pre></div>\n<p>不扩展 DOM 对象原型的解决办法：</p>\n<div class=\"code-example\"><div class=\"example-header\"><span class=\"language-name\">js</span></div><pre class=\"brush: js notranslate\"><code>var forEach = Array.prototype.forEach;\n\nvar divs = document.getElementsByTagName(\"div\");\nvar firstDiv = divs[0];\n\nforEach.call(firstDiv.childNodes, function (divChild) {\n divChild.parentNode.style.color = \"#0F0\";\n});\n</code></pre></div>\n<div class=\"notecard note\">\n<p><strong>备注：</strong>\n请注意，在上面的代码中，将某个宿主对象（如 <code>NodeList</code>）作为 <code>this</code> 传递给原生方法（如 forEach）不能保证在所有浏览器中工作，已知在一些浏览器中会失败。</p>\n</div>"}},{"type":"specifications","value":{"id":"规范","title":"规范","isH3":false,"specifications":[{"bcdSpecificationURL":"https://dom.spec.whatwg.org/#interface-nodelist","title":"DOM"}],"query":"api.NodeList"}},{"type":"browser_compatibility","value":{"id":"浏览器兼容性","title":"浏览器兼容性","isH3":false,"query":"api.NodeList"}}],"isActive":true,"isMarkdown":true,"isTranslated":true,"locale":"zh-CN","mdn_url":"/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/NodeList","modified":"2024-12-13T12:17:17.000Z","native":"中文 (简体)","noIndexing":false,"other_translations":[{"locale":"en-US","title":"NodeList","native":"English (US)"},{"locale":"de","title":"NodeList","native":"Deutsch"},{"locale":"es","title":"NodeList","native":"Español"},{"locale":"fr","title":"NodeList","native":"Français"},{"locale":"ja","title":"NodeList","native":"日本語"},{"locale":"ko","title":"NodeList","native":"한국어"},{"locale":"pt-BR","title":"NodeList","native":"Português (do Brasil)"},{"locale":"ru","title":"NodeList","native":"Русский"},{"locale":"zh-TW","title":"NodeList","native":"正體中文 (繁體)"}],"pageTitle":"NodeList - Web API | MDN","parents":[{"uri":"/zh-CN/docs/Web","title":"面向开发者的 Web 技术"},{"uri":"/zh-CN/docs/Web/API","title":"Web API"},{"uri":"/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/NodeList","title":"NodeList"}],"popularity":null,"short_title":"NodeList","sidebarHTML":"<ol><li class=\"section\"><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/Document_Object_Model\">文档对象模型（DOM）</a></li><li class=\"section\"><em><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/NodeList\" aria-current=\"page\"><code>NodeList</code></a></em></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details open=\"\"><summary>实例属性</summary><ol><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/NodeList/length\"><code>length</code></a></li></ol></details></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details open=\"\"><summary>实例方法</summary><ol><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/NodeList/entries\"><code>entries()</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/NodeList/forEach\"><code>forEach()</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/NodeList/item\"><code>item()</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/NodeList/keys\"><code>keys()</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/NodeList/values\"><code>values()</code></a></li></ol></details></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details open=\"\"><summary>DOM 的相关页面</summary><ol><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/AbortController\"><code>AbortController</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/AbortSignal\"><code>AbortSignal</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/AbstractRange\" class=\"only-in-en-us\"><code>AbstractRange</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/Attr\"><code>Attr</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/CDATASection\"><code>CDATASection</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/CharacterData\"><code>CharacterData</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/Comment\"><code>Comment</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/CustomEvent\"><code>CustomEvent</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/DOMError\"><code>DOMError</code></a><abbr class=\"icon icon-deprecated\" title=\"已弃用。请不要在新的网站中使用。\">\n<span class=\"visually-hidden\">已弃用</span>\n</abbr></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/DOMException\"><code>DOMException</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/DOMImplementation\"><code>DOMImplementation</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/DOMParser\"><code>DOMParser</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/DOMPoint\"><code>DOMPoint</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/DOMPointReadOnly\" class=\"only-in-en-us\"><code>DOMPointReadOnly</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/DOMRect\"><code>DOMRect</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/DOMTokenList\"><code>DOMTokenList</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/Document\"><code>Document</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/DocumentFragment\"><code>DocumentFragment</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/DocumentType\"><code>DocumentType</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/Element\"><code>Element</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/Event\"><code>Event</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/EventTarget\"><code>EventTarget</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/HTMLCollection\"><code>HTMLCollection</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/MutationObserver\"><code>MutationObserver</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/MutationRecord\"><code>MutationRecord</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/NamedNodeMap\"><code>NamedNodeMap</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/Node\"><code>Node</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/NodeIterator\"><code>NodeIterator</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/ProcessingInstruction\"><code>ProcessingInstruction</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/Range\"><code>Range</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/StaticRange\" class=\"only-in-en-us\"><code>StaticRange</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/Text\"><code>Text</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/TextDecoder\"><code>TextDecoder</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/TextEncoder\"><code>TextEncoder</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/TimeRanges\"><code>TimeRanges</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/TreeWalker\"><code>TreeWalker</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/XMLDocument\"><code>XMLDocument</code></a></li></ol></details></li></ol>","source":{"folder":"zh-cn/web/api/nodelist","github_url":"https://github.com/mdn/translated-content/blob/main/files/zh-cn/web/api/nodelist/index.md","last_commit_url":"https://github.com/mdn/translated-content/commit/dc6649b90bdfe093ee121d7936a1edf8455c51bc","filename":"index.md"},"summary":"NodeList 对象是节点的集合，通常是由属性，如Node.childNodes 和方法，如document.querySelectorAll 返回的。","title":"NodeList","toc":[{"text":"属性","id":"属性"},{"text":"方法","id":"方法"},{"text":"例子","id":"例子"},{"text":"英文原版中已删除的内容","id":"英文原版中已删除的内容"},{"text":"规范","id":"规范"},{"text":"浏览器兼容性","id":"浏览器兼容性"}],"baseline":{"baseline":"high","baseline_low_date":"2015-07-29","baseline_high_date":"2018-01-29","support":{"chrome":"1","chrome_android":"18","edge":"12","firefox":"1","firefox_android":"4","safari":"1","safari_ios":"1"}},"browserCompat":["api.NodeList"],"pageType":"web-api-interface"}}</script></body></html>